1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
6 This board specification
7 ------------------------
9 This board is to be run as a virtual Xen [1] guest with U-Boot as its primary
10 bootloader. Xen is a type 1 hypervisor that allows multiple operating systems
11 to run simultaneously on a single physical server. Xen is capable of running
12 virtual machines in both full virtualization and para-virtualization (PV)
13 modes. Xen runs virtual machines, which are called “domains”.
15 Paravirtualized drivers are a special type of device drivers that are used in
16 a guest system in the Xen domain and perform I/O operations using a special
17 interface provided by the virtualization system and the host system.
19 Xen support for U-Boot is implemented by introducing a new Xen guest ARM64
20 board and porting essential drivers from MiniOS [3] as well as some of the work
21 previously done by NXP [4]:
23 - PV block device frontend driver with XenStore based device enumeration and
25 - PV serial console device frontend driver;
26 - Virtio block device support;
27 - Xen hypervisor support with minimal set of the essential headers adapted from
29 - Xen grant table support;
30 - Xen event channel support in polling mode;
32 - dynamic RAM size as defined in the device tree instead of the statically
34 - position-independent pre-relocation code is used as we cannot statically
35 define any start addresses at compile time which is up to Xen to choose at
37 - new defconfig introduced: xenguest_arm64_defconfig.
38 - new defconfig introduced: xenguest_arm64_virtio_defconfig.
44 1. U-Boot runs without MMU enabled at the early stages.
45 According to Xen on ARM ABI (xen/include/public/arch-arm.h): all memory
46 which is shared with other entities in the system (including the hypervisor
47 and other guests) must reside in memory which is mapped as Normal Inner
48 Write-Back Outer Write-Back Inner-Shareable.
49 Thus, page attributes must be equally set for all the entities working with
51 Before MMU is set up the data cache is turned off and pages are seen by the
52 vCPU and Xen in different ways - cacheable by Xen and non-cacheable by vCPU.
53 So it means that manual data cache maintenance is required at the early
56 2. No serial console until MMU is up.
57 Because data cache maintenance is required until the MMU setup the
58 early/debug serial console is not implemented. Therefore, we do not have
59 usual prints like U-Boot’s banner etc. until the serial driver is
62 3. Single RAM bank supported.
63 If a Xen guest is given much memory it is possible that Xen allocates two
64 memory banks for it. The first one is allocated under 4GB address space and
65 in some cases may represent the whole guest’s memory. It is assumed that
66 U-Boot most likely won’t require high memory bank for its work andlaunching
67 OS, so it is enough to take the first one.
70 Board default configuration
71 ---------------------------
73 One can select the configuration as follows:
75 - make xenguest_arm64_defconfig
77 [1] - https://xenproject.org/
79 [2] - https://wiki.xenproject.org/wiki/Paravirtualization_(PV)
81 [3] - https://wiki.xenproject.org/wiki/Mini-OS
83 [4] - https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx/uboot-imx/tree/?h=imx_v2018.03_4.14.98_2.0.0_ga