7 U-Boot's internal operation involves many different steps and actions. From
8 setting up the board to displaying a start-up screen to loading an Operating
9 System, there are many component parts each with many actions.
11 Most of the time this internal detail is not useful. Displaying it on the
12 console would delay booting (U-Boot's primary purpose) and confuse users.
14 But for digging into what is happening in a particular area, or for debugging
15 a problem it is often useful to see what U-Boot is doing in more detail than
16 is visible from the basic console output.
18 U-Boot's logging feature aims to satisfy this goal for both users and
25 There are a number logging levels available, in increasing order of verbosity:
27 LOGL_EMERG - Printed before U-Boot halts
28 LOGL_ALERT - Indicates action must be taken immediate or U-Boot will crash
29 LOGL_CRIT - Indicates a critical error that will cause boot failure
30 LOGL_ERR - Indicates an error that may cause boot failure
31 LOGL_WARNING - Warning about an unexpected condition
32 LOGL_NOTE - Important information about progress
33 LOGL_INFO - Information about normal boot progress
34 LOGL_DEBUG - Debug information (useful for debugging a driver or subsystem)
35 LOGL_DEBUG_CONTENT - Debug message showing full message content
36 LOGL_DEBUG_IO - Debug message showing hardware I/O access
42 Logging can come from a wide variety of places within U-Boot. Each log message
43 has a category which is intended to allow messages to be filtered according to
46 The following main categories are defined:
48 LOGC_NONE - Unknown category (e.g. a debug() statement)
49 UCLASS_... - Related to a particular uclass (e.g. UCLASS_USB)
50 LOGC_ARCH - Related to architecture-specific code
51 LOGC_BOARD - Related to board-specific code
52 LOGC_CORE - Related to core driver-model support
53 LOGC_DT - Related to device tree control
54 LOGC_EFI - Related to EFI implementation
60 The following options are used to enable logging at compile time:
62 CONFIG_LOG - Enables the logging system
63 CONFIG_MAX_LOG_LEVEL - Max log level to build (anything higher is compiled
65 CONFIG_LOG_CONSOLE - Enable writing log records to the console
67 If CONFIG_LOG is not set, then no logging will be available.
69 The above have SPL versions also, e.g. CONFIG_SPL_MAX_LOG_LEVEL.
75 A number of convenience functions are available to shorten the code needed
86 With these the log level is implicit in the name. The category is set by
87 LOG_CATEGORY, which you can only define once per file, above all #includes:
89 #define LOG_CATEGORY LOGC_ALLOC
93 #define LOG_CATEGORY UCLASS_SPI
95 Remember that all uclasses IDs are log categories too.
101 The 'log' command provides access to several features:
103 level - access the default log level
104 format - access the console log format
105 rec - output a log record
108 Type 'help log' for details.
114 U-Boot has traditionally used a #define called DEBUG to enable debugging on a
115 file-by-file basis. The debug() macro compiles to a printf() statement if
116 DEBUG is enabled, and an empty statement if not.
118 With logging enabled, debug() statements are interpreted as logging output
119 with a level of LOGL_DEBUG and a category of LOGC_NONE.
121 The logging facilities are intended to replace DEBUG, but if DEBUG is defined
122 at the top of a file, then it takes precedence. This means that debug()
123 statements will result in output to the console and this output will not be
130 If logging information goes nowhere then it serves no purpose. U-Boot provides
131 several possible determinations for logging information, all of which can be
132 enabled or disabled independently:
134 console - goes to stdout
140 You can control the log format using the 'log format' command. The basic
143 LEVEL.category,file.c:123-func() message
145 In the above, file.c:123 is the filename where the log record was generated and
146 func() is the function name. By default ('log format default') only the
147 function name and message are displayed on the console. You can control which
148 fields are present, but not the field order.
154 Filters are attached to log drivers to control what those drivers emit. Only
155 records that pass through the filter make it to the driver.
157 Filters can be based on several criteria:
160 - in a set of categories
163 If no filters are attached to a driver then a default filter is used, which
164 limits output to records with a level less than CONFIG_LOG_MAX_LEVEL.
170 The main logging function is:
172 log(category, level, format_string, ...)
174 Also debug() and error() will generate log records - these use LOG_CATEGORY
175 as the category, so you should #define this right at the top of the source
176 file to ensure the category is correct.
178 You can also define CONFIG_LOG_ERROR_RETURN to enable the log_ret() macro. This
179 can be used whenever your function returns an error value:
181 return log_ret(uclass_first_device(UCLASS_MMC, &dev));
183 This will write a log record when an error code is detected (a value < 0). This
184 can make it easier to trace errors that are generated deep in the call stack.
190 Code size impact depends largely on what is enabled. The following numbers are
191 generated by 'buildman -S' for snow, which is a Thumb-2 board (all units in
194 This series: adds bss +20.0 data +4.0 rodata +4.0 text +44.0
195 CONFIG_LOG: bss -52.0 data +92.0 rodata -635.0 text +1048.0
196 CONFIG_LOG_MAX_LEVEL=7: bss +188.0 data +4.0 rodata +49183.0 text +98124.0
198 The last option turns every debug() statement into a logging call, which
199 bloats the code hugely. The advantage is that it is then possible to enable
200 all logging within U-Boot.
206 There are lots of useful additions that could be made. None of the below is
207 implemented! If you do one, please add a test in test/py/tests/test_log.py
209 Convenience functions to support setting the category:
211 log_arch(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_ARCH
212 log_board(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_BOARD
213 log_core(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_CORE
214 log_dt(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_DT
216 More logging destinations:
218 device - goes to a device (e.g. serial)
219 buffer - recorded in a memory buffer
221 Convert debug() statements in the code to log() statements
223 Support making printf() emit log statements a L_INFO level
225 Convert error() statements in the code to log() statements
227 Figure out what to do with BUG(), BUG_ON() and warn_non_spl()
229 Figure out what to do with assert()
231 Add a way to browse log records
233 Add a way to record log records for browsing using an external tool
235 Add commands to add and remove filters
237 Add commands to add and remove log devices
239 Allow sharing of printf format strings in log records to reduce storage size
240 for large numbers of log records
242 Add a command-line option to sandbox to set the default logging level
244 Convert core driver model code to use logging
246 Convert uclasses to use logging with the correct category
248 Consider making log() calls emit an automatic newline, perhaps with a logn()
249 function to avoid that
251 Passing log records through to linux (e.g. via device tree /chosen)
253 Provide a command to access the number of log records generated, and the
254 number dropped due to them being generated before the log system was ready.
256 Add a printf() format string pragma so that log statements are checked properly
258 Enhance the log console driver to show level / category / file / line
261 Add a command to add new log records and delete existing records.
263 Provide additional log() functions - e.g. logc() to specify the category