tools/mkimage.c

   1 /*
   2  * (C) Copyright 2008 Semihalf
   3  *
   4  * (C) Copyright 2000-2009
   5  * DENX Software Engineering
   6  * Wolfgang Denk, [email protected]
   7  *
   8  * SPDX-License-Identifier:     GPL-2.0+
   9  */
  10
  11 #include "mkimage.h"
  12 #include "imximage.h"
  13 #include <image.h>
  14 #include <version.h>
  15
  16 static void copy_file(int, const char *, int);
  17
  18 /* parameters initialized by core will be used by the image type code */
  19 static struct image_tool_params params = {
  20         .os = IH_OS_LINUX,
  21         .arch = IH_ARCH_PPC,
  22         .type = IH_TYPE_KERNEL,
  23         .comp = IH_COMP_GZIP,
  24         .dtc = MKIMAGE_DEFAULT_DTC_OPTIONS,
  25         .imagename = "",
  26         .imagename2 = "",
  27 };
  28
  29 static enum ih_category cur_category;
  30
  31 static int h_compare_category_name(const void *vtype1, const void *vtype2)
  32 {
  33         const int *type1 = vtype1;
  34         const int *type2 = vtype2;
  35         const char *name1 = genimg_get_cat_short_name(cur_category, *type1);
  36         const char *name2 = genimg_get_cat_short_name(cur_category, *type2);
  37
  38         return strcmp(name1, name2);
  39 }
  40
  41 static int show_valid_options(enum ih_category category)
  42 {
  43         int *order;
  44         int count;
  45         int item;
  46         int i;
  47
  48         count = genimg_get_cat_count(category);
  49         order = calloc(count, sizeof(*order));
  50         if (!order)
  51                 return -ENOMEM;
  52
  53         /* Sort the names in order of short name for easier reading */
  54         for (item = 0; item < count; item++)
  55                 order[item] = item;
  56         cur_category = category;
  57         qsort(order, count, sizeof(int), h_compare_category_name);
  58
  59         fprintf(stderr, "\nInvalid %s, supported are:\n",
  60                 genimg_get_cat_desc(category));
  61         for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
  62                 item = order[i];
  63                 fprintf(stderr, "\t%-15s  %s\n",
  64                         genimg_get_cat_short_name(category, item),
  65                         genimg_get_cat_name(category, item));
  66         }
  67         fprintf(stderr, "\n");
  68         free(order);
  69
  70         return 0;
  71 }
  72
  73 static void usage(const char *msg)
  74 {
  75         fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", msg);
  76         fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s -l image\n"
  77                          "          -l ==> list image header information\n",
  78                 params.cmdname);
  79         fprintf(stderr,
  80                 "       %s [-x] -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep -n name -d data_file[:data_file...] image\n"
  81                 "          -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'\n"
  82                 "          -O ==> set operating system to 'os'\n"
  83                 "          -T ==> set image type to 'type'\n"
  84                 "          -C ==> set compression type 'comp'\n"
  85                 "          -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)\n"
  86                 "          -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)\n"
  87                 "          -n ==> set image name to 'name'\n"
  88                 "          -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'\n"
  89                 "          -x ==> set XIP (execute in place)\n",
  90                 params.cmdname);
  91         fprintf(stderr,
  92                 "       %s [-D dtc_options] [-f fit-image.its|-f auto|-F] [-b <dtb> [-b <dtb>]] [-i <ramdisk.cpio.gz>] fit-image\n"
  93                 "           <dtb> file is used with -f auto, it may occur multiple times.\n",
  94                 params.cmdname);
  95         fprintf(stderr,
  96                 "          -D => set all options for device tree compiler\n"
  97                 "          -f => input filename for FIT source\n"
  98                 "          -i => input filename for ramdisk file\n");
  99 #ifdef CONFIG_FIT_SIGNATURE
 100         fprintf(stderr,
 101                 "Signing / verified boot options: [-E] [-k keydir] [-K dtb] [ -c <comment>] [-p addr] [-r] [-N engine]\n"
 102                 "          -E => place data outside of the FIT structure\n"
 103                 "          -k => set directory containing private keys\n"
 104                 "          -K => write public keys to this .dtb file\n"
 105                 "          -c => add comment in signature node\n"
 106                 "          -F => re-sign existing FIT image\n"
 107                 "          -p => place external data at a static position\n"
 108                 "          -r => mark keys used as 'required' in dtb\n"
 109                 "          -N => engine to use for signing (pkcs11)\n");
 110 #else
 111         fprintf(stderr,
 112                 "Signing / verified boot not supported (CONFIG_FIT_SIGNATURE undefined)\n");
 113 #endif
 114         fprintf(stderr, "       %s -V ==> print version information and exit\n",
 115                 params.cmdname);
 116         fprintf(stderr, "Use '-T list' to see a list of available image types\n");
 117
 118         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 119 }
 120
 121 static int add_content(int type, const char *fname)
 122 {
 123         struct content_info *cont;
 124
 125         cont = calloc(1, sizeof(*cont));
 126         if (!cont)
 127                 return -1;
 128         cont->type = type;
 129         cont->fname = fname;
 130         if (params.content_tail)
 131                 params.content_tail->next = cont;
 132         else
 133                 params.content_head = cont;
 134         params.content_tail = cont;
 135
 136         return 0;
 137 }
 138
 139 static void process_args(int argc, char **argv)
 140 {
 141         char *ptr;
 142         int type = IH_TYPE_INVALID;
 143         char *datafile = NULL;
 144         int opt;
 145
 146         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv,
 147                              "a:A:b:c:C:d:D:e:Ef:Fk:i:K:ln:N:p:O:rR:qsT:vVx")) != -1) {
 148                 switch (opt) {
 149                 case 'a':
 150                         params.addr = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
 151                         if (*ptr) {
 152                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid load address %s\n",
 153                                         params.cmdname, optarg);
 154                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 155                         }
 156                         break;
 157                 case 'A':
 158                         params.arch = genimg_get_arch_id(optarg);
 159                         if (params.arch < 0) {
 160                                 show_valid_options(IH_ARCH);
 161                                 usage("Invalid architecture");
 162                         }
 163                         break;
 164                 case 'b':
 165                         if (add_content(IH_TYPE_FLATDT, optarg)) {
 166                                 fprintf(stderr,
 167                                         "%s: Out of memory adding content '%s'",
 168                                         params.cmdname, optarg);
 169                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 170                         }
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'c':
 173                         params.comment = optarg;
 174                         break;
 175                 case 'C':
 176                         params.comp = genimg_get_comp_id(optarg);
 177                         if (params.comp < 0) {
 178                                 show_valid_options(IH_COMP);
 179                                 usage("Invalid compression type");
 180                         }
 181                         break;
 182                 case 'd':
 183                         params.datafile = optarg;
 184                         params.dflag = 1;
 185                         break;
 186                 case 'D':
 187                         params.dtc = optarg;
 188                         break;
 189                 case 'e':
 190                         params.ep = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
 191                         if (*ptr) {
 192                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid entry point %s\n",
 193                                         params.cmdname, optarg);
 194                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 195                         }
 196                         params.eflag = 1;
 197                         break;
 198                 case 'E':
 199                         params.external_data = true;
 200                         break;
 201                 case 'f':
 202                         datafile = optarg;
 203                         params.auto_its = !strcmp(datafile, "auto");
 204                         /* no break */
 205                 case 'F':
 206                         /*
 207                          * The flattened image tree (FIT) format
 208                          * requires a flattened device tree image type
 209                          */
 210                         params.type = IH_TYPE_FLATDT;
 211                         params.fflag = 1;
 212                         break;
 213                 case 'i':
 214                         params.fit_ramdisk = optarg;
 215                         break;
 216                 case 'k':
 217                         params.keydir = optarg;
 218                         break;
 219                 case 'K':
 220                         params.keydest = optarg;
 221                         break;
 222                 case 'l':
 223                         params.lflag = 1;
 224                         break;
 225                 case 'n':
 226                         params.imagename = optarg;
 227                         break;
 228                 case 'N':
 229                         params.engine_id = optarg;
 230                         break;
 231                 case 'O':
 232                         params.os = genimg_get_os_id(optarg);
 233                         if (params.os < 0) {
 234                                 show_valid_options(IH_OS);
 235                                 usage("Invalid operating system");
 236                         }
 237                         break;
 238                 case 'p':
 239                         params.external_offset = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
 240                         if (*ptr) {
 241                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid offset size %s\n",
 242                                         params.cmdname, optarg);
 243                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 244                         }
 245                         break;
 246                 case 'q':
 247                         params.quiet = 1;
 248                         break;
 249                 case 'r':
 250                         params.require_keys = 1;
 251                         break;
 252                 case 'R':
 253                         /*
 254                          * This entry is for the second configuration
 255                          * file, if only one is not enough.
 256                          */
 257                         params.imagename2 = optarg;
 258                         break;
 259                 case 's':
 260                         params.skipcpy = 1;
 261                         break;
 262                 case 'T':
 263                         if (strcmp(optarg, "list") == 0) {
 264                                 show_valid_options(IH_TYPE);
 265                                 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 266                         }
 267                         type = genimg_get_type_id(optarg);
 268                         if (type < 0) {
 269                                 show_valid_options(IH_TYPE);
 270                                 usage("Invalid image type");
 271                         }
 272                         break;
 273                 case 'v':
 274                         params.vflag++;
 275                         break;
 276                 case 'V':
 277                         printf("mkimage version %s\n", PLAIN_VERSION);
 278                         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 279                 case 'x':
 280                         params.xflag++;
 281                         break;
 282                 default:
 283                         usage("Invalid option");
 284                 }
 285         }
 286
 287         /* The last parameter is expected to be the imagefile */
 288         if (optind < argc)
 289                 params.imagefile = argv[optind];
 290
 291         /*
 292          * For auto-generated FIT images we need to know the image type to put
 293          * in the FIT, which is separate from the file's image type (which
 294          * will always be IH_TYPE_FLATDT in this case).
 295          */
 296         if (params.type == IH_TYPE_FLATDT) {
 297                 params.fit_image_type = type ? type : IH_TYPE_KERNEL;
 298                 /* For auto_its, datafile is always 'auto' */
 299                 if (!params.auto_its)
 300                         params.datafile = datafile;
 301                 else if (!params.datafile)
 302                         usage("Missing data file for auto-FIT (use -d)");
 303         } else if (type != IH_TYPE_INVALID) {
 304                 if (type == IH_TYPE_SCRIPT && !params.datafile)
 305                         usage("Missing data file for script (use -d)");
 306                 params.type = type;
 307         }
 308
 309         if (!params.imagefile)
 310                 usage("Missing output filename");
 311 }
 312
 313 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 314 {
 315         int ifd = -1;
 316         struct stat sbuf;
 317         char *ptr;
 318         int retval = 0;
 319         struct image_type_params *tparams = NULL;
 320         int pad_len = 0;
 321         int dfd;
 322
 323         params.cmdname = *argv;
 324         params.addr = 0;
 325         params.ep = 0;
 326
 327         process_args(argc, argv);
 328
 329         /* set tparams as per input type_id */
 330         tparams = imagetool_get_type(params.type);
 331         if (tparams == NULL) {
 332                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: unsupported type %s\n",
 333                         params.cmdname, genimg_get_type_name(params.type));
 334                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 335         }
 336
 337         /*
 338          * check the passed arguments parameters meets the requirements
 339          * as per image type to be generated/listed
 340          */
 341         if (tparams->check_params)
 342                 if (tparams->check_params (&params))
 343                         usage("Bad parameters for image type");
 344
 345         if (!params.eflag) {
 346                 params.ep = params.addr;
 347                 /* If XIP, entry point must be after the U-Boot header */
 348                 if (params.xflag)
 349                         params.ep += tparams->header_size;
 350         }
 351
 352         if (params.fflag){
 353                 if (tparams->fflag_handle)
 354                         /*
 355                          * in some cases, some additional processing needs
 356                          * to be done if fflag is defined
 357                          *
 358                          * For ex. fit_handle_file for Fit file support
 359                          */
 360                         retval = tparams->fflag_handle(&params);
 361
 362                 if (retval != EXIT_SUCCESS)
 363                         exit (retval);
 364         }
 365
 366         if (params.lflag || params.fflag) {
 367                 ifd = open (params.imagefile, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY);
 368         } else {
 369                 ifd = open (params.imagefile,
 370                         O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0666);
 371         }
 372
 373         if (ifd < 0) {
 374                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't open %s: %s\n",
 375                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
 376                         strerror(errno));
 377                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 378         }
 379
 380         if (params.lflag || params.fflag) {
 381                 /*
 382                  * list header information of existing image
 383                  */
 384                 if (fstat(ifd, &sbuf) < 0) {
 385                         fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
 386                                 params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
 387                                 strerror(errno));
 388                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 389                 }
 390
 391                 if ((unsigned)sbuf.st_size < tparams->header_size) {
 392                         fprintf (stderr,
 393                                 "%s: Bad size: \"%s\" is not valid image\n",
 394                                 params.cmdname, params.imagefile);
 395                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 396                 }
 397
 398                 ptr = mmap(0, sbuf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, ifd, 0);
 399                 if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
 400                         fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't read %s: %s\n",
 401                                 params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
 402                                 strerror(errno));
 403                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 404                 }
 405
 406                 /*
 407                  * scan through mkimage registry for all supported image types
 408                  * and verify the input image file header for match
 409                  * Print the image information for matched image type
 410                  * Returns the error code if not matched
 411                  */
 412                 retval = imagetool_verify_print_header(ptr, &sbuf,
 413                                 tparams, &params);
 414
 415                 (void) munmap((void *)ptr, sbuf.st_size);
 416                 (void) close (ifd);
 417
 418                 exit (retval);
 419         }
 420
 421         if ((params.type != IH_TYPE_MULTI) && (params.type != IH_TYPE_SCRIPT)) {
 422                 dfd = open(params.datafile, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 423                 if (dfd < 0) {
 424                         fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't open %s: %s\n",
 425                                 params.cmdname, params.datafile,
 426                                 strerror(errno));
 427                         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 428                 }
 429
 430                 if (fstat(dfd, &sbuf) < 0) {
 431                         fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
 432                                 params.cmdname, params.datafile,
 433                                 strerror(errno));
 434                         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 435                 }
 436
 437                 params.file_size = sbuf.st_size + tparams->header_size;
 438                 close(dfd);
 439         }
 440
 441         /*
 442          * In case there an header with a variable
 443          * length will be added, the corresponding
 444          * function is called. This is responsible to
 445          * allocate memory for the header itself.
 446          */
 447         if (tparams->vrec_header)
 448                 pad_len = tparams->vrec_header(&params, tparams);
 449         else
 450                 memset(tparams->hdr, 0, tparams->header_size);
 451
 452         if (write(ifd, tparams->hdr, tparams->header_size)
 453                                         != tparams->header_size) {
 454                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 455                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
 456                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 457         }
 458
 459         if (!params.skipcpy) {
 460                 if (params.type == IH_TYPE_MULTI ||
 461                     params.type == IH_TYPE_SCRIPT) {
 462                         char *file = params.datafile;
 463                         uint32_t size;
 464
 465                         for (;;) {
 466                                 char *sep = NULL;
 467
 468                                 if (file) {
 469                                         if ((sep = strchr(file, ':')) != NULL) {
 470                                                 *sep = '\0';
 471                                         }
 472
 473                                         if (stat (file, &sbuf) < 0) {
 474                                                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
 475                                                          params.cmdname, file, strerror(errno));
 476                                                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 477                                         }
 478                                         size = cpu_to_uimage (sbuf.st_size);
 479                                 } else {
 480                                         size = 0;
 481                                 }
 482
 483                                 if (write(ifd, (char *)&size, sizeof(size)) != sizeof(size)) {
 484                                         fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 485                                                  params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
 486                                                  strerror(errno));
 487                                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 488                                 }
 489
 490                                 if (!file) {
 491                                         break;
 492                                 }
 493
 494                                 if (sep) {
 495                                         *sep = ':';
 496                                         file = sep + 1;
 497                                 } else {
 498                                         file = NULL;
 499                                 }
 500                         }
 501
 502                         file = params.datafile;
 503
 504                         for (;;) {
 505                                 char *sep = strchr(file, ':');
 506                                 if (sep) {
 507                                         *sep = '\0';
 508                                         copy_file (ifd, file, 1);
 509                                         *sep++ = ':';
 510                                         file = sep;
 511                                 } else {
 512                                         copy_file (ifd, file, 0);
 513                                         break;
 514                                 }
 515                         }
 516                 } else if (params.type == IH_TYPE_PBLIMAGE) {
 517                         /* PBL has special Image format, implements its' own */
 518                         pbl_load_uboot(ifd, &params);
 519                 } else {
 520                         copy_file(ifd, params.datafile, pad_len);
 521                 }
 522                 if (params.type == IH_TYPE_FIRMWARE_IVT) {
 523                         /* Add alignment and IVT */
 524                         uint32_t aligned_filesize = (params.file_size + 0x1000
 525                                         - 1) & ~(0x1000 - 1);
 526                         flash_header_v2_t ivt_header = { { 0xd1, 0x2000, 0x40 },
 527                                         params.addr, 0, 0, 0, params.addr
 528                                                         + aligned_filesize
 529                                                         - tparams->header_size,
 530                                         params.addr + aligned_filesize
 531                                                         - tparams->header_size
 532                                                         + 0x20, 0 };
 533                         int i = params.file_size;
 534                         for (; i < aligned_filesize; i++) {
 535                                 if (write(ifd, (char *) &i, 1) != 1) {
 536                                         fprintf(stderr,
 537                                                         "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 538                                                         params.cmdname,
 539                                                         params.imagefile,
 540                                                         strerror(errno));
 541                                         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 542                                 }
 543                         }
 544                         if (write(ifd, &ivt_header, sizeof(flash_header_v2_t))
 545                                         != sizeof(flash_header_v2_t)) {
 546                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 547                                                 params.cmdname,
 548                                                 params.imagefile,
 549                                                 strerror(errno));
 550                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 551                         }
 552                 }
 553         }
 554
 555         /* We're a bit of paranoid */
 556 #if defined(_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO) && \
 557    !defined(__sun__) && \
 558    !defined(__FreeBSD__) && \
 559    !defined(__OpenBSD__) && \
 560    !defined(__APPLE__)
 561         (void) fdatasync (ifd);
 562 #else
 563         (void) fsync (ifd);
 564 #endif
 565
 566         if (fstat(ifd, &sbuf) < 0) {
 567                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
 568                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
 569                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 570         }
 571         params.file_size = sbuf.st_size;
 572
 573         ptr = mmap(0, sbuf.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ifd, 0);
 574         if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
 575                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't map %s: %s\n",
 576                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
 577                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 578         }
 579
 580         /* Setup the image header as per input image type*/
 581         if (tparams->set_header)
 582                 tparams->set_header (ptr, &sbuf, ifd, &params);
 583         else {
 584                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't set header for %s: %s\n",
 585                         params.cmdname, tparams->name, strerror(errno));
 586                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 587         }
 588
 589         /* Print the image information by processing image header */
 590         if (tparams->print_header)
 591                 tparams->print_header (ptr);
 592         else {
 593                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't print header for %s\n",
 594                         params.cmdname, tparams->name);
 595         }
 596
 597         (void) munmap((void *)ptr, sbuf.st_size);
 598
 599         /* We're a bit of paranoid */
 600 #if defined(_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO) && \
 601    !defined(__sun__) && \
 602    !defined(__FreeBSD__) && \
 603    !defined(__OpenBSD__) && \
 604    !defined(__APPLE__)
 605         (void) fdatasync (ifd);
 606 #else
 607         (void) fsync (ifd);
 608 #endif
 609
 610         if (close(ifd)) {
 611                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 612                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
 613                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 614         }
 615
 616         exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
 617 }
 618
 619 static void
 620 copy_file (int ifd, const char *datafile, int pad)
 621 {
 622         int dfd;
 623         struct stat sbuf;
 624         unsigned char *ptr;
 625         int tail;
 626         int zero = 0;
 627         uint8_t zeros[4096];
 628         int offset = 0;
 629         int size;
 630         struct image_type_params *tparams = imagetool_get_type(params.type);
 631
 632         memset(zeros, 0, sizeof(zeros));
 633
 634         if (params.vflag) {
 635                 fprintf (stderr, "Adding Image %s\n", datafile);
 636         }
 637
 638         if ((dfd = open(datafile, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 639                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't open %s: %s\n",
 640                         params.cmdname, datafile, strerror(errno));
 641                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 642         }
 643
 644         if (fstat(dfd, &sbuf) < 0) {
 645                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
 646                         params.cmdname, datafile, strerror(errno));
 647                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 648         }
 649
 650         ptr = mmap(0, sbuf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, dfd, 0);
 651         if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
 652                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't read %s: %s\n",
 653                         params.cmdname, datafile, strerror(errno));
 654                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 655         }
 656
 657         if (params.xflag) {
 658                 unsigned char *p = NULL;
 659                 /*
 660                  * XIP: do not append the image_header_t at the
 661                  * beginning of the file, but consume the space
 662                  * reserved for it.
 663                  */
 664
 665                 if ((unsigned)sbuf.st_size < tparams->header_size) {
 666                         fprintf (stderr,
 667                                 "%s: Bad size: \"%s\" is too small for XIP\n",
 668                                 params.cmdname, datafile);
 669                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 670                 }
 671
 672                 for (p = ptr; p < ptr + tparams->header_size; p++) {
 673                         if ( *p != 0xff ) {
 674                                 fprintf (stderr,
 675                                         "%s: Bad file: \"%s\" has invalid buffer for XIP\n",
 676                                         params.cmdname, datafile);
 677                                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 678                         }
 679                 }
 680
 681                 offset = tparams->header_size;
 682         }
 683
 684         size = sbuf.st_size - offset;
 685         if (write(ifd, ptr + offset, size) != size) {
 686                 fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 687                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
 688                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 689         }
 690
 691         tail = size % 4;
 692         if ((pad == 1) && (tail != 0)) {
 693
 694                 if (write(ifd, (char *)&zero, 4-tail) != 4-tail) {
 695                         fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 696                                 params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
 697                                 strerror(errno));
 698                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
 699                 }
 700         } else if (pad > 1) {
 701                 while (pad > 0) {
 702                         int todo = sizeof(zeros);
 703
 704                         if (todo > pad)
 705                                 todo = pad;
 706                         if (write(ifd, (char *)&zeros, todo) != todo) {
 707                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
 708                                         params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
 709                                         strerror(errno));
 710                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 711                         }
 712                         pad -= todo;
 713                 }
 714         }
 715
 716         (void) munmap((void *)ptr, sbuf.st_size);
 717         (void) close (dfd);
 718 }