2 # (C) Copyright 2000 - 2002
5 # See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9 # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
10 # published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
11 # the License, or (at your option) any later version.
13 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 # GNU General Public License for more details.
18 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
27 This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
28 Embedded boards based on PowerPC and ARM processors, which can be
29 installed in a boot ROM and used to initialize and test the hardware
30 or to download and run application code.
32 The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
33 the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
34 header files in common, and special provision has been made to
35 support booting of Linux images.
37 Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
38 configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
39 implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
40 add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
41 code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
42 load and run it dynamically.
48 In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
49 Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
50 "working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
52 In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
53 who contributed the specific port.
59 In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
60 U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
62 previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
63 before asking FAQ's. Please see
64 http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/
70 - start from 8xxrom sources
71 - create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
73 - make it easier to add custom boards
74 - make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
75 - extend functions, especially:
76 * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
79 * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
80 - create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
81 - add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
82 - create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
88 The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
89 "U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
90 in source files etc.). Example:
92 This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
94 File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
96 include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
98 #include <asm/u-boot.h>
100 Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
101 the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
103 U_BOOT_VERSION u_boot_logo
104 IH_OS_U_BOOT u_boot_hush_start
110 U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
111 sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
112 sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".
114 The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
115 between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
116 U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".
122 - board Board dependend files
123 - common Misc architecture independend functions
124 - cpu CPU specific files
125 - disk Code for disk drive partition handling
126 - doc Documentation (don't expect too much)
127 - drivers Common used device drivers
128 - dtt Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
129 - examples Example code for standalone applications, etc.
130 - include Header Files
131 - disk Harddisk interface code
132 - net Networking code
133 - ppc Files generic to PowerPC architecture
134 - post Power On Self Test
135 - post/arch Symlink to architecture specific Power On Self Test
136 - post/arch-ppc PowerPC architecture specific Power On Self Test
137 - post/cpu/mpc8260 MPC8260 CPU specific Power On Self Test
138 - post/cpu/mpc8xx MPC8xx CPU specific Power On Self Test
139 - rtc Real Time Clock drivers
140 - tools Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
142 - cpu/74xx_7xx Files specific to Motorola MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
143 - cpu/mpc8xx Files specific to Motorola MPC8xx CPUs
144 - cpu/mpc824x Files specific to Motorola MPC824x CPUs
145 - cpu/mpc8260 Files specific to Motorola MPC8260 CPU
146 - cpu/ppc4xx Files specific to IBM 4xx CPUs
149 Files specific to RPXClassic boards
150 - board/RPXlite Files specific to RPXlite boards
151 - board/c2mon Files specific to c2mon boards
152 - board/cogent Files specific to Cogent boards
153 (need further configuration)
154 Files specific to CPCIISER4 boards
155 - board/cpu86 Files specific to CPU86 boards
156 - board/cray/ Files specific to boards manufactured by Cray
157 - board/cray/L1 Files specific to L1 boards
158 - board/cu824 Files specific to CU824 boards
159 - board/ebony Files specific to IBM Ebony board
160 - board/eric Files specific to ERIC boards
161 - board/esd/ Files specific to boards manufactured by ESD
162 - board/esd/adciop Files specific to ADCIOP boards
163 - board/esd/ar405 Files specific to AR405 boards
164 - board/esd/canbt Files specific to CANBT boards
165 - board/esd/cpci405 Files specific to CPCI405 boards
166 - board/esd/cpciiser4 Files specific to CPCIISER4 boards
167 - board/esd/common Common files for ESD boards
168 - board/esd/dasa_sim Files specific to DASA_SIM boards
169 - board/esd/du405 Files specific to DU405 boards
170 - board/esd/ocrtc Files specific to OCRTC boards
171 - board/esd/pci405 Files specific to PCI405 boards
173 Files specific to ESTEEM192E boards
174 - board/etx094 Files specific to ETX_094 boards
176 Files specific to EVB64260 boards
177 - board/fads Files specific to FADS boards
178 - board/flagadm Files specific to FLAGADM boards
179 - board/gen860t Files specific to GEN860T boards
180 - board/genietv Files specific to GENIETV boards
181 - board/gth Files specific to GTH boards
182 - board/hermes Files specific to HERMES boards
183 - board/hymod Files specific to HYMOD boards
184 - board/icu862 Files specific to ICU862 boards
185 - board/ip860 Files specific to IP860 boards
187 Files specific to Interphase4539 boards
188 - board/ivm Files specific to IVMS8/IVML24 boards
189 - board/lantec Files specific to LANTEC boards
190 - board/lwmon Files specific to LWMON boards
191 - board/mbx8xx Files specific to MBX boards
193 Files specific to MMPC8260ADS boards
194 - board/mpl/ Files specific to boards manufactured by MPL
195 - board/mpl/common Common files for MPL boards
196 - board/mpl/pip405 Files specific to PIP405 boards
197 - board/mpl/mip405 Files specific to MIP405 boards
198 - board/musenki Files specific to MUSEKNI boards
199 - board/mvs1 Files specific to MVS1 boards
200 - board/nx823 Files specific to NX823 boards
201 - board/oxc Files specific to OXC boards
202 - board/pcippc2 Files specific to PCIPPC2/PCIPPC6 boards
203 - board/pm826 Files specific to PM826 boards
205 Files specific to PPMC8260 boards
207 Files specific to RPXsuper boards
209 Files specific to RSDproto boards
211 Files specific to Sandpoint boards
212 - board/sbc8260 Files specific to SBC8260 boards
213 - board/sacsng Files specific to SACSng boards
214 - board/siemens Files specific to boards manufactured by Siemens AG
215 - board/siemens/CCM Files specific to CCM boards
216 - board/siemens/IAD210 Files specific to IAD210 boards
217 - board/siemens/SCM Files specific to SCM boards
218 - board/siemens/pcu_e Files specific to PCU_E boards
219 - board/sixnet Files specific to SIXNET boards
220 - board/spd8xx Files specific to SPD8xxTS boards
221 - board/tqm8260 Files specific to TQM8260 boards
222 - board/tqm8xx Files specific to TQM8xxL boards
223 - board/w7o Files specific to W7O boards
225 Files specific to Walnut405 boards
226 - board/westel/ Files specific to boards manufactured by Westel Wireless
227 - board/westel/amx860 Files specific to AMX860 boards
228 - board/utx8245 Files specific to UTX8245 boards
230 Software Configuration:
231 =======================
233 Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
234 rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
236 There are two classes of configuration variables:
238 * Configuration _OPTIONS_:
239 These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
242 * Configuration _SETTINGS_:
243 These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
244 you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
247 Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
248 identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
249 do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
250 links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
254 Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
255 ---------------------------------------------------
257 For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
258 configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".
260 Example: For a TQM823L module type:
265 For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
266 e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
267 directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.
270 Configuration Options:
271 ----------------------
273 Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
274 such information is kept in a configuration file
275 "include/configs/<board_name>.h".
277 Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
278 "include/configs/TQM823L.h".
281 Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
282 kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
283 build a config tool - later.
286 The following options need to be configured:
288 - CPU Type: Define exactly one of
292 CONFIG_MPC823, CONFIG_MPC850, CONFIG_MPC855, CONFIG_MPC860
293 or CONFIG_MPC824X, CONFIG_MPC8260
306 - Board Type: Define exactly one of
308 PowerPC based boards:
309 ---------------------
311 CONFIG_ADCIOP, CONFIG_ICU862 CONFIG_RPXsuper,
312 CONFIG_ADS860, CONFIG_IP860, CONFIG_SM850,
313 CONFIG_AMX860, CONFIG_IPHASE4539, CONFIG_SPD823TS,
314 CONFIG_AR405, CONFIG_IVML24, CONFIG_SXNI855T,
315 CONFIG_BAB7xx, CONFIG_IVML24_128, CONFIG_Sandpoint8240,
316 CONFIG_CANBT, CONFIG_IVML24_256, CONFIG_Sandpoint8245,
317 CONFIG_CCM, CONFIG_IVMS8, CONFIG_TQM823L,
318 CONFIG_CPCI405, CONFIG_IVMS8_128, CONFIG_TQM850L,
319 CONFIG_CPCI4052, CONFIG_IVMS8_256, CONFIG_TQM855L,
320 CONFIG_CPCIISER4, CONFIG_LANTEC, CONFIG_TQM860L,
321 CONFIG_CPU86, CONFIG_MBX, CONFIG_TQM8260,
322 CONFIG_CRAYL1, CONFIG_MBX860T, CONFIG_TTTech,
323 CONFIG_CU824, CONFIG_MHPC, CONFIG_UTX8245,
324 CONFIG_DASA_SIM, CONFIG_MIP405, CONFIG_W7OLMC,
325 CONFIG_DU405, CONFIG_MOUSSE, CONFIG_W7OLMG,
326 CONFIG_ELPPC, CONFIG_MPC8260ADS, CONFIG_WALNUT405,
327 CONFIG_ERIC, CONFIG_MUSENKI, CONFIG_ZUMA,
328 CONFIG_ESTEEM192E, CONFIG_MVS1, CONFIG_c2mon,
329 CONFIG_ETX094, CONFIG_NX823, CONFIG_cogent_mpc8260,
330 CONFIG_EVB64260, CONFIG_OCRTC, CONFIG_cogent_mpc8xx,
331 CONFIG_FADS823, CONFIG_ORSG, CONFIG_ep8260,
332 CONFIG_FADS850SAR, CONFIG_OXC, CONFIG_gw8260,
333 CONFIG_FADS860T, CONFIG_PCI405, CONFIG_hermes,
334 CONFIG_FLAGADM, CONFIG_PCIPPC2, CONFIG_hymod,
335 CONFIG_FPS850L, CONFIG_PCIPPC6, CONFIG_lwmon,
336 CONFIG_GEN860T, CONFIG_PIP405, CONFIG_pcu_e,
337 CONFIG_GENIETV, CONFIG_PM826, CONFIG_ppmc8260,
338 CONFIG_GTH, CONFIG_RPXClassic, CONFIG_rsdproto,
339 CONFIG_IAD210, CONFIG_RPXlite, CONFIG_sbc8260,
340 CONFIG_EBONY, CONFIG_sacsng, CONFIG_FPS860L,
346 CONFIG_HHP_CRADLE, CONFIG_DNP1110, CONFIG_EP7312,
347 CONFIG_IMPA7, CONFIG_LART, CONFIG_LUBBOCK,
348 CONFIG_SHANNON, CONFIG_SMDK2400, CONFIG_SMDK2410,
352 - CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
353 Define exactly one of
355 --- FIXME --- not tested yet:
356 CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
357 CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50
359 - Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
360 Define exactly one of
361 CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102
363 - Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
364 Define one or more of
367 - Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
368 Define one or more of
369 CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT - update a character position on
370 the lcd display every second with
373 - MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
374 Define exactly one of
375 CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245
377 - 8xx CPU Options: (if using an 8xx cpu)
378 Define one or more of
379 CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ - if get_gclk_freq() can not work e.g.
380 no 32KHz reference PIT/RTC clock
385 U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
386 internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
387 kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
388 bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
389 "clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
390 converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
393 When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
394 "clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
398 Depending on board, define exactly one serial port
399 (like CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1, CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2,
400 CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC1, ...), or switch off the serial
401 console by defining CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE
403 Note: if CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE is defined, the serial
404 port routines must be defined elsewhere
405 (i.e. serial_init(), serial_getc(), ...)
408 Enables console device for a color framebuffer. Needs following
409 defines (cf. smiLynxEM, i8042, board/eltec/bab7xx)
410 VIDEO_FB_LITTLE_ENDIAN graphic memory organisation
412 VIDEO_HW_RECTFILL graphic chip supports
415 VIDEO_HW_BITBLT graphic chip supports
416 bit-blit (cf. smiLynxEM)
417 VIDEO_VISIBLE_COLS visible pixel columns
419 VIDEO_VISIBLE_ROWS visible pixel rows
420 VIDEO_PIXEL_SIZE bytes per pixel
421 VIDEO_DATA_FORMAT graphic data format
422 (0-5, cf. cfb_console.c)
423 VIDEO_FB_ADRS framebuffer address
424 VIDEO_KBD_INIT_FCT keyboard int fct
425 (i.e. i8042_kbd_init())
426 VIDEO_TSTC_FCT test char fct
428 VIDEO_GETC_FCT get char fct
430 CONFIG_CONSOLE_CURSOR cursor drawing on/off
431 (requires blink timer
433 CFG_CONSOLE_BLINK_COUNT blink interval (cf. i8042.c)
434 CONFIG_CONSOLE_TIME display time/date info in
436 (requires CFG_CMD_DATE)
437 CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO display Linux logo in
439 CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO use bmp_logo.h instead of
440 linux_logo.h for logo.
441 Requires CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
442 CONFIG_CONSOLE_EXTRA_INFO
443 addional board info beside
446 When CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE is defined, video console is
447 default i/o. Serial console can be forced with
448 environment 'console=serial'.
451 CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
452 Select one of the baudrates listed in
453 CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
455 - Interrupt driven serial port input:
456 CONFIG_SERIAL_SOFTWARE_FIFO
459 Use an interrupt handler for receiving data on the
460 serial port. It also enables using hardware handshake
461 (RTS/CTS) and UART's built-in FIFO. Set the number of
462 bytes the interrupt driven input buffer should have.
464 Set to 0 to disable this feature (this is the default).
465 This will also disable hardware handshake.
467 - Boot Delay: CONFIG_BOOTDELAY - in seconds
468 Delay before automatically booting the default image;
469 set to -1 to disable autoboot.
471 See doc/README.autoboot for these options that
472 work with CONFIG_BOOTDELAY. None are required.
473 CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
474 CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_MIN
475 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_KEYED
476 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_PROMPT
477 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
478 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
479 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR2
480 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR2
481 CONFIG_ZERO_BOOTDELAY_CHECK
482 CONFIG_RESET_TO_RETRY
486 Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
487 define a command string that is automatically executed
488 when no character is read on the console interface
489 within "Boot Delay" after reset.
492 This can be used to pass arguments to the bootm
493 command. The value of CONFIG_BOOTARGS goes into the
494 environment value "bootargs".
496 CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
497 The value of these goes into the environment as
498 "ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
499 as a convenience, when switching between booting from
505 When this option is #defined, the existence of the
506 environment variable "preboot" will be checked
507 immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
508 countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
509 entering interactive mode.
511 This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
512 automatically generated or modified. For an example
513 see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
514 modified when the user holds down a certain
515 combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
518 - Serial Download Echo Mode:
520 If defined to 1, all characters received during a
521 serial download (using the "loads" command) are
522 echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
523 emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
524 time on others. This setting #define's the initial
525 value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
527 - Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CFG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
529 Select one of the baudrates listed in
530 CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
534 Most monitor functions can be selected (or
535 de-selected) by adjusting the definition of
536 CONFIG_COMMANDS; to select individual functions,
537 #define CONFIG_COMMANDS by "OR"ing any of the
540 #define enables commands:
541 -------------------------
542 CFG_CMD_ASKENV * ask for env variable
544 CFG_CMD_BEDBUG Include BedBug Debugger
546 CFG_CMD_CACHE icache, dcache
547 CFG_CMD_CONSOLE coninfo
548 CFG_CMD_DATE * support for RTC, date/time...
549 CFG_CMD_DHCP DHCP support
550 CFG_CMD_ECHO * echo arguments
551 CFG_CMD_EEPROM * EEPROM read/write support
552 CFG_CMD_ELF bootelf, bootvx
554 CFG_CMD_FDC * Floppy Disk Support
555 CFG_CMD_FDOS * Dos diskette Support
556 CFG_CMD_FLASH flinfo, erase, protect
557 CFG_CMD_FPGA FPGA device initialization support
558 CFG_CMD_I2C * I2C serial bus support
559 CFG_CMD_IDE * IDE harddisk support
561 CFG_CMD_IMMAP * IMMR dump support
562 CFG_CMD_IRQ * irqinfo
566 CFG_CMD_MEMORY md, mm, nm, mw, cp, cmp, crc, base,
568 CFG_CMD_MII MII utility commands
569 CFG_CMD_NET bootp, tftpboot, rarpboot
570 CFG_CMD_PCI * pciinfo
571 CFG_CMD_PCMCIA * PCMCIA support
572 CFG_CMD_REGINFO * Register dump
573 CFG_CMD_RUN run command in env variable
574 CFG_CMD_SCSI * SCSI Support
575 CFG_CMD_SETGETDCR Support for DCR Register access (4xx only)
576 CFG_CMD_SPI * SPI serial bus support
577 CFG_CMD_USB * USB support
578 CFG_CMD_BSP * Board SPecific functions
579 -----------------------------------------------
582 CFG_CMD_DFL Default configuration; at the moment
583 this is includes all commands, except
584 the ones marked with "*" in the list
587 If you don't define CONFIG_COMMANDS it defaults to
588 CFG_CMD_DFL in include/cmd_confdefs.h. A board can
589 override the default settings in the respective
592 EXAMPLE: If you want all functions except of network
593 support you can write:
595 #define CONFIG_COMMANDS (CFG_CMD_ALL & ~CFG_CMD_NET)
598 Note: Don't enable the "icache" and "dcache" commands
599 (configuration option CFG_CMD_CACHE) unless you know
600 what you (and your U-Boot users) are doing. Data
601 cache cannot be enabled on systems like the 8xx or
602 8260 (where accesses to the IMMR region must be
603 uncached), and it cannot be disabled on all other
604 systems where we (mis-) use the data cache to hold an
605 initial stack and some data.
608 XXX - this list needs to get updated!
612 If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
613 support. There must support in the platform specific
614 code for a watchdog. For the 8xx and 8260 CPUs, the
615 SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
620 When CFG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
621 has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
624 CONFIG_RTC_MPC8xx - use internal RTC of MPC8xx
625 CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563 - use Philips PCF8563 RTC
626 CONFIG_RTC_MC146818 - use MC146818 RTC
627 CONFIG_RTC_DS1307 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
628 CONFIG_RTC_DS1337 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
632 When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
633 (date and time) of an image is printed by image
634 commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
635 automatically enabled when you select CFG_CMD_DATE .
638 CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION and/or CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
639 and/or CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION
641 If IDE or SCSI support is enabled (CFG_CMD_IDE or
642 CFG_CMD_SCSI) you must configure support for at least
643 one partition type as well.
646 CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE
648 Set this to define that instead of a reset Pin, the
649 routine ide_set_reset(int idereset) will be used.
654 Set this to enable ATAPI support.
657 At the moment only there is only support for the
658 SYM53C8XX SCSI controller; define
659 CONFIG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX to enable it.
661 CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
662 CFG_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
663 CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
664 maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
666 CFG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX_CCF to fix clock timing (80Mhz)
668 - NETWORK Support (PCI):
670 Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
671 Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables eeprom
672 write routine for first time initialisation.
675 Support for Digital 2114x chips.
676 Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
677 modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
680 Support for National dp83815 chips.
683 Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
686 At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
687 supported (PIP405, MIP405); define
688 CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
689 define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
690 end define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
693 Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
699 Define this to enable standard (PC-Style) keyboard
703 Standard PC keyboard driver with US (is default) and
704 GERMAN key layout (switch via environment 'keymap=de') support.
705 Export function i8042_kbd_init, i8042_tstc and i8042_getc
706 for cfb_console. Supports cursor blinking.
711 Define this to enable video support (for output to
716 Enable Chips & Technologies 69000 Video chip
718 CONFIG_VIDEO_SMI_LYNXEM
719 Enable Silicon Motion SMI 712/710/810 Video chip
720 Videomode are selected via environment 'videomode' with
721 standard LiLo mode numbers.
722 Following modes are supported (* is default):
724 800x600 1024x768 1280x1024
725 256 (8bit) 303* 305 307
726 65536 (16bit) 314 317 31a
727 16,7 Mill (24bit) 315 318 31b
728 (i.e. setenv videomode 317; saveenv; reset;)
730 CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806
731 Enable Epson SED13806 driver. This driver supports 8bpp
732 and 16bpp modes defined by CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_8BPP
733 or CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_16BPP
736 - LCD Support: CONFIG_LCD
738 Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
739 display); also select one of the supported displays
740 by defining one of these:
742 CONFIG_NEC_NL6648AC33:
744 NEC NL6648AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
746 CONFIG_NEC_NL6648BC20
748 NEC NL6648BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
749 Active, color, single scan.
753 Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
754 It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
756 CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
758 Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
759 Active, color, single scan.
763 HLD1045 display, 640x480.
764 Active, color, single scan.
768 Optrex CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
770 Hitachi LMG6912RPFC-00T
774 320x240. Black & white.
776 Normally display is black on white background; define
777 CFG_WHITE_ON_BLACK to get it inverted.
784 Define a default value for ethernet address to use
785 for the respective ethernet interface, in case this
786 is not determined automatically.
791 Define a default value for the IP address to use for
792 the default ethernet interface, in case this is not
793 determined through e.g. bootp.
798 Defines a default value for theIP address of a TFTP
799 server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
801 - BOOTP Recovery Mode:
802 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
804 If you have many targets in a network that try to
805 boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
806 systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
807 moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
808 from a power failure, when all systems will try to
809 boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
810 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
811 inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
812 following delays are insterted then:
814 1st BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 1 sec
815 2nd BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 2 sec
816 3rd BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 4 sec
818 BOOTP requests: delay 0 ... 8 sec
820 - Status LED: CONFIG_STATUS_LED
822 Several configurations allow to display the current
823 status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
824 fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
825 soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
826 start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
827 (supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
828 kernel). Defining CONFIG_STATUS_LED enables this
831 - CAN Support: CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER
833 Defining CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER enables CAN driver support
834 on those systems that support this (optional)
835 feature, like the TQM8xxL modules.
837 - I2C Support: CONFIG_HARD_I2C | CONFIG_SOFT_I2C
839 Enables I2C serial bus commands. If this is selected,
840 either CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C must be defined
841 to include the appropriate I2C driver.
843 See also: common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the
844 command line interface.
849 Selects the CPM hardware driver for I2C.
853 Use software (aka bit-banging) driver instead of CPM
854 or similar hardware support for I2C. This is configured
855 via the following defines.
859 (Optional). Any commands necessary to enable I2C
860 controller or configure ports.
864 (Only for MPC8260 CPU). The I/O port to use (the code
865 assumes both bits are on the same port). Valid values
866 are 0..3 for ports A..D.
870 The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
871 (driven). If the data line is open collector, this
876 The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
877 (inactive). If the data line is open collector, this
882 Code that returns TRUE if the I2C data line is high,
887 If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C data line high. If it
888 is FALSE, it clears it (low).
892 If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
893 is FALSE, it clears it (low).
897 This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
898 controls the rate of data transfer. The data rate thus
899 is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4).
903 When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
904 chips might think that the current transfer is still
905 in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
906 the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
907 processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
908 connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
909 custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
910 is run early in the boot sequence.
912 - SPI Support: CONFIG_SPI
914 Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
915 SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
916 D/As on the SACSng board)
920 Enables extended (16-bit) SPI EEPROM addressing.
921 (symmetrical to CONFIG_I2C_X)
925 Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
926 using hardware support. This is a general purpose
927 driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
928 (two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
929 defined, the board configuration must define several
930 SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
931 an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
933 - FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
935 Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
939 Used to specify the types of FPGA devices. For
941 #define CONFIG_FPGA CFG_XILINX_VIRTEX2
943 CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
945 Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA
950 Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
951 status by the configuration function. This option
952 will require a board or device specific function to
957 If defined, a function that provides delays in the
958 FPGA configuration driver.
962 Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
966 Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
967 loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
968 configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
969 indicated a CRC error).
973 Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
974 after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
975 FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500 mS.
979 Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
980 Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
984 Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
987 - FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
989 Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
993 Used to specify the types of FPGA devices. For example,
994 #define CONFIG_FPGA CFG_XILINX_VIRTEX2
996 CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
998 Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1002 Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1003 status by the configuration function. This option
1004 will require a board or device specific function to
1009 If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1010 configuration driver.
1012 CFG_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1013 Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1015 CFG_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1017 Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1018 loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1019 configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1020 indicated a CRC error).
1024 Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
1025 after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
1026 FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1031 Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
1032 Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
1034 CFG_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1036 Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1039 - Configuration Management:
1042 If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1043 version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1045 - Vendor Parameter Protection:
1047 U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1048 variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1049 "ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to bb parameters that
1050 are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
1051 protects these variables from casual modification by
1052 the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
1053 and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
1054 change this behviour:
1056 If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
1057 file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
1058 completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
1061 Alternatively, if you #define _both_ CONFIG_ETHADDR
1062 _and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
1063 ethernet address is installed in the environment,
1064 which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
1065 serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
1071 Define this variable to enable the reservation of
1072 "protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
1073 by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
1074 kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
1075 this default value by defining an environment
1076 variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
1077 reserve. Note that the board info structure will
1078 still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
1079 reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
1080 automatically be defined to hold the amount of
1081 remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
1082 argument to Linux, for instance like that:
1084 setenv bootargs ... mem=\$(mem)
1087 This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
1088 either, which results in a memory region that will
1089 not be affected by reboots.
1091 *WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
1092 detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
1093 this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
1094 following board configurations are known to be
1097 ETX094, IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx, TQM8xxL,
1098 HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON, LANTEC,
1099 PCU_E, FLAGADM, TQM8260
1104 Define this variable to stop the system in case of a
1105 fatal error, so that you have to reset it manually.
1106 This is probably NOT a good idea for an embedded
1107 system where you want to system to reboot
1108 automatically as fast as possible, but it may be
1109 useful during development since you can try to debug
1110 the conditions that lead to the situation.
1112 CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
1114 This variable defines the number of retries for
1115 network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
1116 before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
1117 default value of 5 is used.
1119 - Command Interpreter:
1122 Define this variable to enable the "hush" shell (from
1123 Busybox) as command line interpreter, thus enabling
1124 powerful command line syntax like
1125 if...then...else...fi conditionals or `&&' and '||'
1126 constructs ("shell scripts").
1128 If undefined, you get the old, much simpler behaviour
1129 with a somewhat smaller memory footprint.
1134 This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
1135 printed when the command interpreter needs more input
1136 to complete a command. Usually "> ".
1140 In the current implementation, the local variables
1141 space and global environment variables space are
1142 separated. Local variables are those you define by
1143 simply typing like `name=value'. To access a local
1144 variable later on, you have write `$name' or
1145 `${name}'; variable directly by typing say `$name' at
1148 Global environment variables are those you use
1149 setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
1150 in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
1151 and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
1153 To store commands and special characters in a
1154 variable, please use double quotation marks
1155 surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
1156 of the backslashes before semicolons and special
1159 - Default Environment
1160 CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
1162 Define this to contain any number of null terminated
1163 strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
1164 the default enviroment compiled into the boot image.
1166 For example, place something like this in your
1167 board's config file:
1169 #define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
1173 Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
1174 internal format how the environment is stored by the
1175 U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
1176 interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
1177 will change soon, but there is no guarantee either.
1178 You better know what you are doing here.
1180 Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
1181 discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
1182 the environment like the autoscript function or the
1185 - Show boot progress
1186 CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
1188 Defining this option allows to add some board-
1189 specific code (calling a user-provided function
1190 "show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
1191 the system's boot progress on some display (for
1192 example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
1193 the following checkpoints are implemented:
1196 1 common/cmd_bootm.c before attempting to boot an image
1197 -1 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has bad magic number
1198 2 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has correct magic number
1199 -2 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has bad checksum
1200 3 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has correct checksum
1201 -3 common/cmd_bootm.c Image data has bad checksum
1202 4 common/cmd_bootm.c Image data has correct checksum
1203 -4 common/cmd_bootm.c Image is for unsupported architecture
1204 5 common/cmd_bootm.c Architecture check OK
1205 -5 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi, standalone)
1206 6 common/cmd_bootm.c Image Type check OK
1207 -6 common/cmd_bootm.c gunzip uncompression error
1208 -7 common/cmd_bootm.c Unimplemented compression type
1209 7 common/cmd_bootm.c Uncompression OK
1210 -8 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi, standalone)
1211 8 common/cmd_bootm.c Image Type check OK
1212 -9 common/cmd_bootm.c Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
1213 9 common/cmd_bootm.c Start initial ramdisk verification
1214 -10 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header has bad magic number
1215 -11 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header has bad checksum
1216 10 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header is OK
1217 -12 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk data has bad checksum
1218 11 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk data has correct checksum
1219 12 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
1220 -13 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux Ramdisk)
1221 13 common/cmd_bootm.c Start multifile image verification
1222 14 common/cmd_bootm.c No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
1223 15 common/cmd_bootm.c All preparation done, transferring control to OS
1225 -1 common/cmd_doc.c Bad usage of "doc" command
1226 -1 common/cmd_doc.c No boot device
1227 -1 common/cmd_doc.c Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1228 -1 common/cmd_doc.c Read Error on boot device
1229 -1 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has bad magic number
1231 -1 common/cmd_ide.c Bad usage of "ide" command
1232 -1 common/cmd_ide.c No boot device
1233 -1 common/cmd_ide.c Unknown boot device
1234 -1 common/cmd_ide.c Unknown partition table
1235 -1 common/cmd_ide.c Invalid partition type
1236 -1 common/cmd_ide.c Read Error on boot device
1237 -1 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has bad magic number
1239 -1 common/cmd_nvedit.c Environment not changable, but has bad CRC
1245 [so far only for SMDK2400 board]
1247 - Modem support endable:
1248 CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
1250 - RTS/CTS Flow control enable:
1253 - Modem debug support:
1254 CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT_DEBUG
1256 Enables debugging stuff (char screen[1024], dbg())
1257 for modem support. Useful only with BDI2000.
1261 In the target system modem support is enabled when a
1262 specific key (key combination) is pressed during
1263 power-on. Otherwise U-Boot will boot normally
1264 (autoboot). The key_pressed() fuction is called from
1265 board_init(). Currently key_pressed() is a dummy
1266 function, returning 1 and thus enabling modem
1269 If there are no modem init strings in the
1270 environment, U-Boot proceed to autoboot; the
1271 previous output (banner, info printfs) will be
1274 See also: doc/README.Modem
1279 Configuration Settings:
1280 -----------------------
1282 - CFG_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
1283 undefine this when you're short of memory.
1285 - CFG_PROMPT: This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
1286 prompt for user input.
1288 - CFG_CBSIZE: Buffer size for input from the Console
1290 - CFG_PBSIZE: Buffer size for Console output
1292 - CFG_MAXARGS: max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
1294 - CFG_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
1295 the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
1298 - CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
1299 List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
1301 - CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
1302 Suppress display of console information at boot.
1304 - CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1305 If the board specific function
1306 extern int overwrite_console (void);
1307 returns 1, the stdin, stderr and stdout are switched to the
1308 serial port, else the settings in the environment are used.
1310 - CFG_CONSOLE_OVERWRITE_ROUTINE
1311 Enable the call to overwrite_console().
1313 - CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
1314 Enable overwrite of previous console environment settings.
1316 - CFG_MEMTEST_START, CFG_MEMTEST_END:
1317 Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
1321 Enable an alternate, more extensive memory test.
1323 - CFG_TFTP_LOADADDR:
1324 Default load address for network file downloads
1326 - CFG_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
1327 Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
1330 Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
1333 Physical start address of Motherboard I/O (if using a
1337 Physical start address of Flash memory.
1340 Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
1341 make config files to be same as the text base address
1342 (TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
1343 CFG_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
1346 Size of memory reserved for monitor code
1349 Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
1352 Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
1353 the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
1354 the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, eventually
1355 initrd image) must be put below this limit.
1357 - CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
1358 Max number of Flash memory banks
1360 - CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
1361 Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
1363 - CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
1364 Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
1366 - CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
1367 Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
1369 - CFG_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
1371 Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
1372 without this option such a download has to be
1373 performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
1374 copy from RAM to flash.
1376 The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
1377 you can check if the download worked before you erase
1378 the flash, but in some situations (when sytem RAM is
1379 too limited to allow for a tempory copy of the
1380 downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
1383 Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
1384 common flash structure for storing flash geometry
1386 The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
1387 of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
1388 following configurations:
1390 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH:
1392 Define this if the environment is in flash memory.
1394 a) The environment occupies one whole flash sector, which is
1395 "embedded" in the text segment with the U-Boot code. This
1396 happens usually with "bottom boot sector" or "top boot
1397 sector" type flash chips, which have several smaller
1398 sectors at the start or the end. For instance, such a
1399 layout can have sector sizes of 8, 2x4, 16, Nx32 kB. In
1400 such a case you would place the environment in one of the
1401 4 kB sectors - with U-Boot code before and after it. With
1402 "top boot sector" type flash chips, you would put the
1403 environment in one of the last sectors, leaving a gap
1404 between U-Boot and the environment.
1408 Offset of environment data (variable area) to the
1409 beginning of flash memory; for instance, with bottom boot
1410 type flash chips the second sector can be used: the offset
1411 for this sector is given here.
1413 CFG_ENV_OFFSET is used relative to CFG_FLASH_BASE.
1417 This is just another way to specify the start address of
1418 the flash sector containing the environment (instead of
1421 - CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE:
1423 Size of the sector containing the environment.
1426 b) Sometimes flash chips have few, equal sized, BIG sectors.
1427 In such a case you don't want to spend a whole sector for
1432 If you use this in combination with CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
1433 and CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE, you can specify to use only a part
1434 of this flash sector for the environment. This saves
1435 memory for the RAM copy of the environment.
1437 It may also save flash memory if you decide to use this
1438 when your environment is "embedded" within U-Boot code,
1439 since then the remainder of the flash sector could be used
1440 for U-Boot code. It should be pointed out that this is
1441 STRONGLY DISCOURAGED from a robustness point of view:
1442 updating the environment in flash makes it always
1443 necessary to erase the WHOLE sector. If something goes
1444 wrong before the contents has been restored from a copy in
1445 RAM, your target system will be dead.
1447 - CFG_ENV_ADDR_REDUND
1450 These settings describe a second storage area used to hold
1451 a redundand copy of the environment data, so that there is
1452 a valid backup copy in case there is a power failur during
1453 a "saveenv" operation.
1455 BE CAREFUL! Any changes to the flash layout, and some changes to the
1456 source code will make it necessary to adapt <board>/u-boot.lds*
1460 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM:
1462 Define this if you have some non-volatile memory device
1463 (NVRAM, battery buffered SRAM) which you want to use for the
1469 These two #defines are used to determin the memory area you
1470 want to use for environment. It is assumed that this memory
1471 can just be read and written to, without any special
1474 BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
1475 in U-Boot initalization (when we try to get the setting of for the
1476 console baudrate). You *MUST* have mappend your NVRAM area then, or
1479 Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
1480 environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
1481 keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
1482 to save the current settings.
1485 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM:
1487 Use this if you have an EEPROM or similar serial access
1488 device and a driver for it.
1493 These two #defines specify the offset and size of the
1494 environment area within the total memory of your EEPROM.
1496 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR:
1497 If defined, specified the chip address of the EEPROM device.
1498 The default address is zero.
1500 - CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_BITS:
1501 If defined, the number of bits used to address bytes in a
1502 single page in the EEPROM device. A 64 byte page, for example
1503 would require six bits.
1505 - CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_DELAY_MS:
1506 If defined, the number of milliseconds to delay between
1507 page writes. The default is zero milliseconds.
1509 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_LEN:
1510 The length in bytes of the EEPROM memory array address. Note
1511 that this is NOT the chip address length!
1514 The size in bytes of the EEPROM device.
1517 - CFG_SPI_INIT_OFFSET
1519 Defines offset to the initial SPI buffer area in DPRAM. The
1520 area is used at an early stage (ROM part) if the environment
1521 is configured to reside in the SPI EEPROM: We need a 520 byte
1522 scratch DPRAM area. It is used between the two initialization
1523 calls (spi_init_f() and spi_init_r()). A value of 0xB00 seems
1524 to be a good choice since it makes it far enough from the
1525 start of the data area as well as from the stack pointer.
1527 Please note that the environment is read-only as long as the monitor
1528 has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
1529 created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use getenv_r()
1530 until then to read environment variables.
1532 The environment is now protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the
1533 monitor is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be
1534 working with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!!
1535 [This is necessary, because the first environment variable we need is
1536 the "baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we
1537 don't have any device yet where we could complain.]
1539 Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
1540 the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
1541 use the "setenv" command to modify / delete / add any environment
1542 variable [even when you try to delete a non-existing variable!].
1544 Note2: you must edit your u-boot.lds file to reflect this
1548 Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
1550 - CFG_CACHELINE_SIZE:
1551 Cache Line Size of the CPU.
1554 Default address of the IMMR after system reset.
1555 Needed on some 8260 systems (MPC8260ADS and RPXsuper)
1556 to be able to adjust the position of the IMMR
1557 register after a reset.
1559 - Floppy Disk Support:
1560 CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
1562 the default drive number (default value 0)
1566 defines the spacing between fdc chipset registers
1571 defines the offset of register from address. It
1572 depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
1573 the fdc chipset. (default value 0)
1575 If CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
1576 CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
1579 if CFG_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
1580 fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
1581 setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
1582 source code. It is used to make hardware dependant
1585 - CFG_IMMR: Physical address of the Internal Memory Mapped
1586 Register; DO NOT CHANGE! (11-4)
1587 [MPC8xx systems only]
1589 - CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
1591 Start address of memory area tha can be used for
1592 initial data and stack; please note that this must be
1593 writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
1594 initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
1595 will become available only after programming the
1596 memory controller and running certain initialization
1599 U-Boot uses the following memory types:
1600 - MPC8xx and MPC8260: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
1601 - MPC824X: data cache
1602 - PPC4xx: data cache
1604 - CFG_INIT_DATA_OFFSET:
1606 Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
1607 area defined by CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
1608 CFG_INIT_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
1609 data is located at the end of the available space
1610 (sometimes written as (CFG_INIT_RAM_END -
1611 CFG_INIT_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
1612 below that area (growing from (CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
1613 CFG_INIT_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
1616 On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
1617 cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
1618 CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
1619 point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
1620 the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
1622 - CFG_SIUMCR: SIU Module Configuration (11-6)
1624 - CFG_SYPCR: System Protection Control (11-9)
1626 - CFG_TBSCR: Time Base Status and Control (11-26)
1628 - CFG_PISCR: Periodic Interrupt Status and Control (11-31)
1630 - CFG_PLPRCR: PLL, Low-Power, and Reset Control Register (15-30)
1632 - CFG_SCCR: System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
1634 - CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
1638 periodic timer for refresh
1640 - CFG_DER: Debug Event Register (37-47)
1642 - FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CFG_REMAP_OR_AM,
1643 CFG_PRELIM_OR_AM, CFG_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CFG_OR0_REMAP,
1644 CFG_OR0_PRELIM, CFG_BR0_PRELIM, CFG_OR1_REMAP, CFG_OR1_PRELIM,
1646 Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
1648 - SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
1649 CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CFG_OR2_PRELIM, CFG_BR2_PRELIM,
1650 CFG_OR3_PRELIM, CFG_BR3_PRELIM:
1651 Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
1653 - CFG_MAMR_PTA, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_1BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_8K,
1654 CFG_MPTPR_1BK_8K, CFG_MAMR_8COL, CFG_MAMR_9COL:
1655 Machine Mode Register and Memory Periodic Timer
1656 Prescaler definitions (SDRAM timing)
1658 - CFG_I2C_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_I2C_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
1659 enable I2C microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
1660 define relocation offset in DPRAM [DSP2]
1662 - CFG_SPI_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SPI_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
1663 enable SPI microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
1664 define relocation offset in DPRAM [SCC4]
1667 Use OSCM clock mode on MBX8xx board. Be careful,
1668 wrong setting might damage your board. Read
1669 doc/README.MBX before setting this variable!
1671 - CFG_CPM_POST_WORD_ADDR: (MPC8xx, MPC8260 only)
1672 Offset of the bootmode word in DPRAM used by post
1673 (Power On Self Tests). This definition overrides
1674 #define'd default value in commproc.h resp.
1677 Building the Software:
1678 ======================
1680 Building U-Boot has been tested in native PPC environments (on a
1681 PowerBook G3 running LinuxPPC 2000) and in cross environments
1682 (running RedHat 6.x and 7.x Linux on x86, Solaris 2.6 on a SPARC, and
1685 If you are not using a native PPC environment, it is assumed that you
1686 have the GNU cross compiling tools available in your path and named
1687 with a prefix of "powerpc-linux-". If this is not the case, (e.g. if
1688 you are using Monta Vista's Hard Hat Linux CDK 1.2) you must change
1689 the definition of CROSS_COMPILE in Makefile. For HHL on a 4xx CPU,
1692 CROSS_COMPILE = ppc_4xx-
1695 U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
1696 sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
1701 where "NAME_config" is the name of one of the existing
1702 configurations; the following names are supported:
1704 ADCIOP_config GTH_config TQM850L_config
1705 ADS860_config IP860_config TQM855L_config
1706 AR405_config IVML24_config TQM860L_config
1707 CANBT_config IVMS8_config WALNUT405_config
1708 CPCI405_config LANTEC_config cogent_common_config
1709 CPCIISER4_config MBX_config cogent_mpc8260_config
1710 CU824_config MBX860T_config cogent_mpc8xx_config
1711 ESTEEM192E_config RPXlite_config hermes_config
1712 ETX094_config RPXsuper_config hymod_config
1713 FADS823_config SM850_config lwmon_config
1714 FADS850SAR_config SPD823TS_config pcu_e_config
1715 FADS860T_config SXNI855T_config rsdproto_config
1716 FPS850L_config Sandpoint8240_config sbc8260_config
1717 GENIETV_config TQM823L_config PIP405_config
1718 GEN860T_config EBONY_config FPS860L_config
1720 Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
1721 additional information is available from the board vendor; for
1722 instance, the TQM8xxL systems run normally at 50 MHz and use a
1723 SCC for 10baseT ethernet; there are also systems with 80 MHz
1724 CPU clock, and an optional Fast Ethernet module is available
1725 for CPU's with FEC. You can select such additional "features"
1726 when chosing the configuration, i. e.
1729 - will configure for a plain TQM860L, i. e. 50MHz, no FEC
1731 make TQM860L_FEC_config
1732 - will configure for a TQM860L at 50MHz with FEC for ethernet
1734 make TQM860L_80MHz_config
1735 - will configure for a TQM860L at 80 MHz, with normal 10baseT
1738 make TQM860L_FEC_80MHz_config
1739 - will configure for a TQM860L at 80 MHz with FEC for ethernet
1741 make TQM823L_LCD_config
1742 - will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
1744 make TQM823L_LCD_80MHz_config
1745 - will configure for a TQM823L at 80 MHz with U-Boot console on LCD
1751 Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
1752 images ready for downlod to / installation on your system:
1754 - "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
1755 - "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
1756 - "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
1759 Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
1760 for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
1764 If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
1765 to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
1768 1. Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel
1769 "Makefile", using the existing entries as examples.
1770 2. Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
1772 3. If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
1773 directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
1774 4. Run "make config_name" with your new name.
1775 5. Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
1776 to be installed on your target system.
1777 [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
1780 Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
1781 ==============================================================
1783 If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
1784 or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
1785 provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
1786 the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
1787 official or latest in CVS) version of U-Boot sources.
1789 But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
1790 cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
1791 the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
1792 just run the "MAKEALL" script, which will configure and build U-Boot
1793 for ALL supported system. Be warned, this will take a while. You can
1794 select which (cross) compiler to use py passing a `CROSS_COMPILE'
1795 environment variable to the script, i. e. to use the cross tools from
1796 MontaVista's Hard Hat Linux you can type
1798 CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
1800 or to build on a native PowerPC system you can type
1802 CROSS_COMPILE=' ' MAKEALL
1804 See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
1808 Monitor Commands - Overview:
1809 ============================
1811 go - start application at address 'addr'
1812 run - run commands in an environment variable
1813 bootm - boot application image from memory
1814 bootp - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
1815 tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
1816 and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
1817 (and eventually "gatewayip")
1818 rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
1819 diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
1820 loads - load S-Record file over serial line
1821 loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
1823 mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
1824 nm - memory modify (constant address)
1825 mw - memory write (fill)
1827 cmp - memory compare
1828 crc32 - checksum calculation
1829 imd - i2c memory display
1830 imm - i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
1831 inm - i2c memory modify (constant address)
1832 imw - i2c memory write (fill)
1833 icrc32 - i2c checksum calculation
1834 iprobe - probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
1835 iloop - infinite loop on address range
1836 isdram - print SDRAM configuration information
1837 sspi - SPI utility commands
1838 base - print or set address offset
1839 printenv- print environment variables
1840 setenv - set environment variables
1841 saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
1842 protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
1843 erase - erase FLASH memory
1844 flinfo - print FLASH memory information
1845 bdinfo - print Board Info structure
1846 iminfo - print header information for application image
1847 coninfo - print console devices and informations
1848 ide - IDE sub-system
1849 loop - infinite loop on address range
1850 mtest - simple RAM test
1851 icache - enable or disable instruction cache
1852 dcache - enable or disable data cache
1853 reset - Perform RESET of the CPU
1854 echo - echo args to console
1855 version - print monitor version
1856 help - print online help
1857 ? - alias for 'help'
1860 Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
1861 ========================================
1865 For now: just type "help <command>".
1868 Environment Variables:
1869 ======================
1871 U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
1872 can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
1874 Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
1875 "printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
1876 without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
1877 environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
1878 working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
1879 environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
1881 Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables:
1883 baudrate - see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
1885 bootdelay - see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
1887 bootcmd - see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
1889 bootargs - Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
1891 bootfile - Name of the image to load with TFTP
1893 autoload - if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
1894 "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
1895 configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
1896 load any image using TFTP
1898 autostart - if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
1899 "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
1900 be automatically started (by internally calling
1903 initrd_high - restrict positioning of initrd images:
1904 If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
1905 copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
1906 is usually what you want since it allows for
1907 maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
1908 make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
1909 CFG_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
1910 variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
1911 Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
1912 address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
1913 does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
1915 For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
1916 RAM, and want to reseve 4 MB from use by Linux,
1917 you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
1918 the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
1919 sure, that the initrd image is placed in the first
1920 12 MB as well - this can be done with
1922 setenv initrd_high 00c00000
1924 ipaddr - IP address; needed for tftpboot command
1926 loadaddr - Default load address for commands like "bootp",
1927 "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot"
1929 loads_echo - see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
1931 serverip - TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
1933 bootretry - see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
1935 bootdelaykey - see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
1937 bootstopkey - see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
1940 The following environment variables may be used and automatically
1941 updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
1942 depending the information provided by your boot server:
1944 bootfile - see above
1945 dnsip - IP address of your Domain Name Server
1946 gatewayip - IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
1947 hostname - Target hostname
1949 netmask - Subnet Mask
1950 rootpath - Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
1951 serverip - see above
1954 There are two special Environment Variables:
1956 serial# - contains hardware identification information such
1957 as type string and/or serial number
1958 ethaddr - Ethernet address
1960 These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
1961 the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
1962 once they have been set once.
1965 Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
1966 only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
1969 Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
1970 =======================================
1972 Some boards come with redundand ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
1973 such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
1974 "working" interface when needed. MAC assignemnt works as follows:
1976 Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
1977 MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
1978 "eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
1980 If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
1981 in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
1982 ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
1983 variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
1985 o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
1986 environment, the SROM's address is used.
1988 o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
1989 environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
1992 o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
1993 both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
1995 o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
1996 addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
1999 o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
2007 The "boot" commands of this monitor operate on "image" files which
2008 can be basicly anything, preceeded by a special header; see the
2009 definitions in include/image.h for details; basicly, the header
2010 defines the following image properties:
2012 * Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
2013 4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
2015 Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX).
2016 * Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, Intel x86,
2017 IA64, MIPS, MIPS, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
2018 Currently supported: PowerPC).
2019 * Compression Type (Provisions for uncompressed, gzip, bzip2;
2020 Currently supported: uncompressed, gzip).
2026 The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
2027 and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
2034 Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
2035 easily, Linux has always been in the focus during the design of
2038 U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
2039 special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
2040 "initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
2041 instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
2042 serves serveral purposes:
2044 - the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
2045 applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
2046 Flash memory footprint)
2048 - it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
2049 lots of low-level, hardware dependend stuff are done by U-Boot
2051 - the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
2052 images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
2053 be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
2054 have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
2055 change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
2056 software is easier now.
2062 Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
2063 ---------------------------------------
2065 U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
2066 configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
2067 (no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
2070 But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/ppc/mbxboot).
2072 Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
2073 include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
2074 Information structure as we define in include/u-boot.h, and make
2075 sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value as your
2076 U-Boot configuration in CFG_IMMR.
2079 Configuring the Linux kernel:
2080 -----------------------------
2082 No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
2083 device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
2086 Building a Linux Image:
2087 -----------------------
2089 With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
2090 not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
2091 "uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
2092 U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
2093 which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
2094 100% compatible format.
2103 The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
2104 encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header information,
2105 CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
2107 * build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
2109 * convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
2111 ${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
2112 -R .note -R .comment \
2113 -S vmlinux linux.bin
2115 * compress the binary image:
2119 * package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
2121 mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
2122 -a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
2123 -d linux.bin.gz uImage
2126 The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
2127 with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
2128 combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
2129 byte header containing information about target architecture,
2130 operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
2131 stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
2133 "mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
2134 print the header information, or to build new images.
2136 In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
2137 contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
2138 checksum verification:
2140 tools/mkimage -l image
2141 -l ==> list image header information
2143 The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
2144 from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
2146 tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
2147 -n name -d data_file image
2148 -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
2149 -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
2150 -T ==> set image type to 'type'
2151 -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
2152 -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
2153 -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
2154 -n ==> set image name to 'name'
2155 -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
2157 Right now, all Linux kernels use the same load address (0x00000000),
2158 but the entry point address depends on the kernel version:
2160 - 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
2161 - 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
2163 So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
2165 -> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
2166 > -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
2167 > -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
2168 > examples/uImage.TQM850L
2169 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
2170 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
2171 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2172 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
2173 Load Address: 0x00000000
2174 Entry Point: 0x00000000
2176 To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
2178 -> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
2179 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
2180 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
2181 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2182 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
2183 Load Address: 0x00000000
2184 Entry Point: 0x00000000
2186 NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
2187 speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
2188 needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
2189 need to be uncompressed:
2191 -> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
2192 -> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
2193 > -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
2194 > -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux \
2195 > examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
2196 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
2197 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
2198 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
2199 Data Size: 792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
2200 Load Address: 0x00000000
2201 Entry Point: 0x00000000
2204 Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
2205 when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
2207 -> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
2208 > -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
2209 > -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
2210 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
2211 Created: Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
2212 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
2213 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
2214 Load Address: 0x00000000
2215 Entry Point: 0x00000000
2218 Installing a Linux Image:
2219 -------------------------
2221 To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
2222 you must convert the image to S-Record format:
2224 objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
2226 The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
2227 image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
2228 address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
2229 specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
2232 Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
2233 TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
2235 => erase 40100000 401FFFFF
2241 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
2242 ~>examples/image.srec
2243 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
2245 15989 15990 15991 15992
2246 [file transfer complete]
2248 ## Start Addr = 0x00000000
2251 You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
2252 this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
2253 corruption happened:
2257 ## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
2258 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
2259 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2260 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
2261 Load Address: 00000000
2262 Entry Point: 0000000c
2263 Verifying Checksum ... OK
2270 The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
2271 memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
2272 of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
2273 parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
2274 "printenv" and "setenv" commands:
2277 => printenv bootargs
2278 bootargs=root=/dev/ram
2280 => setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
2282 => printenv bootargs
2283 bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
2286 ## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
2287 Image Name: 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
2288 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2289 Data Size: 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
2290 Load Address: 00000000
2291 Entry Point: 0000000c
2292 Verifying Checksum ... OK
2293 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
2294 Linux version 2.2.13 (
[email protected]) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
2295 Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
2296 time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
2297 Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
2298 Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
2301 If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial ram disk, you pass
2302 the memory addreses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
2303 format!) to the "bootm" command:
2305 => imi 40100000 40200000
2307 ## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
2308 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
2309 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2310 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
2311 Load Address: 00000000
2312 Entry Point: 0000000c
2313 Verifying Checksum ... OK
2315 ## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
2316 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
2317 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
2318 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
2319 Load Address: 00000000
2320 Entry Point: 00000000
2321 Verifying Checksum ... OK
2323 => bootm 40100000 40200000
2324 ## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
2325 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
2326 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2327 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
2328 Load Address: 00000000
2329 Entry Point: 0000000c
2330 Verifying Checksum ... OK
2331 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
2332 ## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
2333 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
2334 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
2335 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
2336 Load Address: 00000000
2337 Entry Point: 00000000
2338 Verifying Checksum ... OK
2339 Loading Ramdisk ... OK
2340 Linux version 2.2.13 (
[email protected]) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
2341 Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
2342 time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
2343 Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
2345 RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
2346 VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
2350 More About U-Boot Image Types:
2351 ------------------------------
2353 U-Boot supports the following image types:
2355 "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
2356 provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
2357 well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
2358 the Standalone Program.
2359 "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
2360 will take over control completely. Usually these programs
2361 will install their own set of exception handlers, device
2362 drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
2363 expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
2364 "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
2365 parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
2367 "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
2368 (Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
2369 RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
2370 to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
2371 server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
2372 for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
2374 "Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
2375 image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
2376 byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
2377 Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
2378 one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
2379 a multiple of 4 bytes).
2381 "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
2382 U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
2385 "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
2386 U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
2387 useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
2388 as command interpreter.
2394 One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
2395 run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
2396 U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
2398 Two simple examples are included with the sources:
2403 'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
2404 application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
2405 It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
2409 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
2410 ~>examples/hello_world.srec
2411 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
2412 [file transfer complete]
2414 ## Start Addr = 0x00040004
2416 => go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
2417 ## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
2428 Hit any key to exit ...
2430 ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
2432 Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
2433 handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
2434 Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
2435 The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
2436 character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
2437 controlled by the following keys:
2439 ? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
2440 b - enable interrupts and start timer
2441 e - stop timer and disable interrupts
2442 q - quit application
2445 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
2446 ~>examples/timer.srec
2447 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
2448 [file transfer complete]
2450 ## Start Addr = 0x00040004
2453 ## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
2456 tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
2459 [q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
2462 [q, b, e, ?] ........
2463 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
2466 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
2469 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
2472 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
2474 [q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
2476 [q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
2482 Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
2483 (build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
2485 Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
2486 NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
2487 need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
2488 Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
2489 attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
2490 missing. This file has to be installed and patched manually:
2492 # cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
2494 # ln -s powerpc machine
2495 # cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
2496 # ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h ## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
2498 Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
2499 and U-Boot include files.
2501 Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
2502 stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
2503 proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
2504 tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
2509 Implementation Internals:
2510 =========================
2512 The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
2513 implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
2514 inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
2518 Initial Stack, Global Data:
2519 ---------------------------
2521 The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
2522 starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
2523 system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
2524 This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
2525 is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
2526 at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
2527 options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
2528 models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
2529 MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
2530 locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
2532 Chris Hallinan posted a good summy of these issues to the
2533 u-boot-users mailing list:
2535 Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
2537 Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
2540 Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
2541 is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
2542 require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
2543 is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
2544 necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
2545 beyond the scope of this list to expain the details, but you
2546 can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
2547 operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
2549 OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
2550 is another option for the system designer to use as an
2551 initial stack/ram area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
2552 option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
2553 board designers haven't used it for something that would
2554 cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
2557 CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
2558 with your processor/board/system design. The default value
2559 you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
2560 Walnut405.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
2561 than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
2562 it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
2563 that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
2564 start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
2565 you get the config right.
2570 It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
2571 code for the initialization procedures:
2573 * Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
2576 * Do not use any unitialized global data (or implicitely initialized
2577 as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
2578 zation is performed later (when relocationg to RAM).
2580 * Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
2583 Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
2584 normal global data to share information beween the code. But it
2585 turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
2586 simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
2587 functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
2588 functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
2589 the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
2590 place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
2591 reserve for this purpose.
2593 When chosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
2594 relevant (E)ABI specifications for the current architecture, and by
2595 GCC's implementation.
2597 For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
2600 R3-R4: parameter passing and return values
2601 R5-R10: parameter passing
2602 R13: small data area pointer
2606 (U-Boot also uses R14 as internal GOT pointer.)
2608 ==> U-Boot will use R29 to hold a pointer to the global data
2610 Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
2611 address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
2612 but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
2613 smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
2614 average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
2615 624 text + 127 data).
2617 On ARM, the following registers are used:
2619 R0: function argument word/integer result
2620 R1-R3: function argument word
2622 R10: stack limit (used only if stack checking if enabled)
2623 R11: argument (frame) pointer
2624 R12: temporary workspace
2627 R15: program counter
2629 ==> U-Boot will use R8 to hold a pointer to the global data
2636 U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
2637 MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
2639 The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
2640 controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
2641 memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
2642 physical memory banks.
2644 U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
2645 TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
2646 booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
2647 to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
2648 memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CFG_MALLOC_LEN
2649 configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
2650 Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
2652 Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
2653 of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
2655 So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
2658 0x0000 0000 Exception Vector code
2661 0x0000 2000 Free for Application Use
2667 0x00FB FF20 Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
2668 0x00FB FFAC Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
2669 0x00FC 0000 Malloc Arena
2672 0x00FE 0000 RAM Copy of Monitor Code
2673 ... eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
2674 ... eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
2675 0x00FF FFFF [End of RAM]
2678 System Initialization:
2679 ----------------------
2681 In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
2682 (on most PowerPC systens at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
2683 configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the onboard Flash memory.
2684 To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to it's link address.
2685 To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
2686 initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
2687 which provide such a feature like MPC8xx or MPC8260), or in a locked
2688 part of the data cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core,
2689 the caches and the SIU.
2691 Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
2692 preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
2693 (multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
2694 on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
2695 programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
2696 simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
2699 When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
2700 different size, the larger is mapped first. For equal size, the first
2701 bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
2702 0x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
2703 contiguous memory starting from 0.
2705 Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
2706 and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
2707 Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
2708 pages, and the final stack is set up.
2710 Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
2711 until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
2712 running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
2716 U-Boot Porting Guide:
2717 ----------------------
2719 [Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
2723 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
2725 sighandler_t no_more_time;
2727 signal (SIGALRM, no_more_time);
2728 alarm (PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
2730 if (available_money > available_manpower) {
2731 pay consultant to port U-Boot;
2735 Download latest U-Boot source;
2737 Subscribe to u-boot-users mailing list;
2740 email ("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
2744 Read the README file in the top level directory;
2745 Read http://www.denx.de/re/DPLG.html
2746 Read the source, Luke;
2749 if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500)) {
2752 Add a lot of aggravation and time;
2755 Create your own board support subdirectory;
2757 Create your own board config file;
2761 Add / modify source code;
2765 email ("Hi, I am having problems...");
2767 Send patch file to Wolfgang;
2772 void no_more_time (int sig)
2782 All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
2783 coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" in your Linux
2784 kernel source directory.
2786 Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts
2787 in Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style
2788 comments (//) in your code.
2790 Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
2791 with a request to reformat the changes.
2797 Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
2798 establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
2799 may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
2802 When you send a patch, please include the following information with
2805 * For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
2806 this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
2807 patch actually fixes something.
2809 * For new features: a description of the feature and your
2812 * A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
2814 * For major contributions, your entry to the CREDITS file
2816 * When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add this
2817 board to the MAKEALL script, too.
2819 * If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
2820 document these in the README file.
2822 * The patch itself. If you are accessing the CVS repository use "cvs
2823 update; cvs diff -puRN"; else, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your
2824 version of diff does not support these options, then get the latest
2825 version of GNU diff.
2827 We accept patches as plain text, MIME attachments or as uuencoded
2832 * Before sending the patch, run the MAKEALL script on your patched
2833 source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
2834 for any of the boards.
2836 * Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
2837 containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
2838 returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
2840 * If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
2841 add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
2842 When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
2843 (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
2844 disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
projects / J-u-boot.git / blob