1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
3 * Common SPI Interface: Controller-specific definitions
12 #include <linux/bitops.h>
15 #define SPI_CPHA BIT(0) /* clock phase (1 = SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND) */
16 #define SPI_CPOL BIT(1) /* clock polarity (1 = SPI_POLARITY_HIGH) */
17 #define SPI_MODE_0 (0|0) /* (original MicroWire) */
18 #define SPI_MODE_1 (0|SPI_CPHA)
19 #define SPI_MODE_2 (SPI_CPOL|0)
20 #define SPI_MODE_3 (SPI_CPOL|SPI_CPHA)
21 #define SPI_CS_HIGH BIT(2) /* CS active high */
22 #define SPI_LSB_FIRST BIT(3) /* per-word bits-on-wire */
23 #define SPI_3WIRE BIT(4) /* SI/SO signals shared */
24 #define SPI_LOOP BIT(5) /* loopback mode */
25 #define SPI_SLAVE BIT(6) /* slave mode */
26 #define SPI_PREAMBLE BIT(7) /* Skip preamble bytes */
27 #define SPI_TX_BYTE BIT(8) /* transmit with 1 wire byte */
28 #define SPI_TX_DUAL BIT(9) /* transmit with 2 wires */
29 #define SPI_TX_QUAD BIT(10) /* transmit with 4 wires */
30 #define SPI_RX_SLOW BIT(11) /* receive with 1 wire slow */
31 #define SPI_RX_DUAL BIT(12) /* receive with 2 wires */
32 #define SPI_RX_QUAD BIT(13) /* receive with 4 wires */
33 #define SPI_TX_OCTAL BIT(14) /* transmit with 8 wires */
34 #define SPI_RX_OCTAL BIT(15) /* receive with 8 wires */
36 /* Header byte that marks the start of the message */
37 #define SPI_PREAMBLE_END_BYTE 0xec
39 #define SPI_DEFAULT_WORDLEN 8
42 * struct dm_spi_bus - SPI bus info
44 * This contains information about a SPI bus. To obtain this structure, use
45 * dev_get_uclass_priv(bus) where bus is the SPI bus udevice.
47 * @max_hz: Maximum speed that the bus can tolerate.
48 * @speed: Current bus speed. This is 0 until the bus is first claimed.
49 * @mode: Current bus mode. This is 0 until the bus is first claimed.
60 * struct dm_spi_plat - platform data for all SPI slaves
62 * This describes a SPI slave, a child device of the SPI bus. To obtain this
63 * struct from a spi_slave, use dev_get_parent_plat(dev) or
64 * dev_get_parent_plat(slave->dev).
66 * This data is immutable. Each time the device is probed, @max_hz and @mode
67 * will be copied to struct spi_slave.
69 * @cs: Chip select number (0..n-1)
70 * @max_hz: Maximum bus speed that this slave can tolerate
71 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this device (see SPI mode flags)
73 struct dm_spi_slave_plat {
80 * enum spi_clock_phase - indicates the clock phase to use for SPI (CPHA)
82 * @SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_FIRST: Data sampled on the first phase
83 * @SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND: Data sampled on the second phase
85 enum spi_clock_phase {
86 SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_FIRST,
87 SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND,
91 * enum spi_wire_mode - indicates the number of wires used for SPI
93 * @SPI_4_WIRE_MODE: Normal bidirectional mode with MOSI and MISO
94 * @SPI_3_WIRE_MODE: Unidirectional version with a single data line SISO
102 * enum spi_polarity - indicates the polarity of the SPI bus (CPOL)
104 * @SPI_POLARITY_LOW: Clock is low in idle state
105 * @SPI_POLARITY_HIGH: Clock is high in idle state
113 * struct spi_slave - Representation of a SPI slave
115 * For driver model this is the per-child data used by the SPI bus. It can
116 * be accessed using dev_get_parent_priv() on the slave device. The SPI uclass
117 * sets up per_child_auto to sizeof(struct spi_slave), and the
118 * driver should not override it. Two platform data fields (max_hz and mode)
119 * are copied into this structure to provide an initial value. This allows
120 * them to be changed, since we should never change platform data in drivers.
122 * If not using driver model, drivers are expected to extend this with
123 * controller-specific data.
125 * @dev: SPI slave device
126 * @max_hz: Maximum speed for this slave
127 * @bus: ID of the bus that the slave is attached to. For
128 * driver model this is the sequence number of the SPI
129 * bus (dev_seq(bus)) so does not need to be stored
130 * @cs: ID of the chip select connected to the slave.
131 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this slave (see SPI mode flags)
132 * @wordlen: Size of SPI word in number of bits
133 * @max_read_size: If non-zero, the maximum number of bytes which can
135 * @max_write_size: If non-zero, the maximum number of bytes which can
136 * be written at once.
137 * @memory_map: Address of read-only SPI flash access.
138 * @flags: Indication of SPI flags.
141 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(DM_SPI)
142 struct udevice *dev; /* struct spi_slave is dev->parentdata */
149 unsigned int wordlen;
150 unsigned int max_read_size;
151 unsigned int max_write_size;
155 #define SPI_XFER_BEGIN BIT(0) /* Assert CS before transfer */
156 #define SPI_XFER_END BIT(1) /* Deassert CS after transfer */
157 #define SPI_XFER_ONCE (SPI_XFER_BEGIN | SPI_XFER_END)
161 * spi_do_alloc_slave - Allocate a new SPI slave (internal)
163 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
164 * select. Use the helper macro spi_alloc_slave() to call this.
166 * @offset: Offset of struct spi_slave within slave structure.
167 * @size: Size of slave structure.
168 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
169 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
171 void *spi_do_alloc_slave(int offset, int size, unsigned int bus,
175 * spi_alloc_slave - Allocate a new SPI slave
177 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
180 * @_struct: Name of structure to allocate (e.g. struct tegra_spi).
181 * This structure must contain a member 'struct spi_slave *slave'.
182 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
183 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
185 #define spi_alloc_slave(_struct, bus, cs) \
186 spi_do_alloc_slave(offsetof(_struct, slave), \
187 sizeof(_struct), bus, cs)
190 * spi_alloc_slave_base - Allocate a new SPI slave with no private data
192 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
195 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
196 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
198 #define spi_alloc_slave_base(bus, cs) \
199 spi_do_alloc_slave(0, sizeof(struct spi_slave), bus, cs)
202 * Set up communications parameters for a SPI slave.
204 * This must be called once for each slave. Note that this function
205 * usually doesn't touch any actual hardware, it only initializes the
206 * contents of spi_slave so that the hardware can be easily
209 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
210 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
211 * @max_hz: Maximum SCK rate in Hz.
212 * @mode: Clock polarity, clock phase and other parameters.
214 * Returns: A spi_slave reference that can be used in subsequent SPI
215 * calls, or NULL if one or more of the parameters are not supported.
217 struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave(unsigned int bus, unsigned int cs,
218 unsigned int max_hz, unsigned int mode);
221 * Free any memory associated with a SPI slave.
223 * @slave: The SPI slave
225 void spi_free_slave(struct spi_slave *slave);
228 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication with a given slave.
230 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
231 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
232 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
233 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
234 * the bus in between.
236 * @slave: The SPI slave
238 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
241 int spi_claim_bus(struct spi_slave *slave);
244 * Release the SPI bus
246 * This must be called once for every call to spi_claim_bus() after
247 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
250 * @slave: The SPI slave
252 void spi_release_bus(struct spi_slave *slave);
255 * Set the word length for SPI transactions
257 * Set the word length (number of bits per word) for SPI transactions.
259 * @slave: The SPI slave
260 * @wordlen: The number of bits in a word
262 * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure.
264 int spi_set_wordlen(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned int wordlen);
267 * SPI transfer (optional if mem_ops is used)
269 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously clocks
270 * "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI works.
272 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
273 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that "dout"
274 * and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which case the
275 * input data overwrites the output data (since both are buffered by
276 * temporary variables, this is OK).
278 * spi_xfer() interface:
279 * @slave: The SPI slave which will be sending/receiving the data.
280 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
281 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
282 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
283 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
284 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
286 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
288 int spi_xfer(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned int bitlen, const void *dout,
289 void *din, unsigned long flags);
292 * spi_write_then_read - SPI synchronous write followed by read
294 * This performs a half duplex transaction in which the first transaction
295 * is to send the opcode and if the length of buf is non-zero then it start
296 * the second transaction as tx or rx based on the need from respective slave.
298 * @slave: The SPI slave device with which opcode/data will be exchanged
299 * @opcode: opcode used for specific transfer
300 * @n_opcode: size of opcode, in bytes
301 * @txbuf: buffer into which data to be written
302 * @rxbuf: buffer into which data will be read
303 * @n_buf: size of buf (whether it's [tx|rx]buf), in bytes
305 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
307 int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_slave *slave, const u8 *opcode,
308 size_t n_opcode, const u8 *txbuf, u8 *rxbuf,
311 /* Copy memory mapped data */
312 void spi_flash_copy_mmap(void *data, void *offset, size_t len);
315 * Determine if a SPI chipselect is valid.
316 * This function is provided by the board if the low-level SPI driver
317 * needs it to determine if a given chipselect is actually valid.
319 * Returns: 1 if bus:cs identifies a valid chip on this board, 0
322 int spi_cs_is_valid(unsigned int bus, unsigned int cs);
325 * These names are used in several drivers and these declarations will be
326 * removed soon as part of the SPI DM migration. Drop them if driver model is
329 #if !CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(DM_SPI)
331 * Activate a SPI chipselect.
332 * This function is provided by the board code when using a driver
333 * that can't control its chipselects automatically (e.g.
334 * common/soft_spi.c). When called, it should activate the chip select
335 * to the device identified by "slave".
337 void spi_cs_activate(struct spi_slave *slave);
340 * Deactivate a SPI chipselect.
341 * This function is provided by the board code when using a driver
342 * that can't control its chipselects automatically (e.g.
343 * common/soft_spi.c). When called, it should deactivate the chip
344 * select to the device identified by "slave".
346 void spi_cs_deactivate(struct spi_slave *slave);
350 * Set transfer speed.
351 * This sets a new speed to be applied for next spi_xfer().
352 * @slave: The SPI slave
353 * @hz: The transfer speed
355 * Returns: 0 on success, or a negative value on error.
357 int spi_set_speed(struct spi_slave *slave, uint hz);
360 * Write 8 bits, then read 8 bits.
361 * @slave: The SPI slave we're communicating with
362 * @byte: Byte to be written
364 * Returns: The value that was read, or a negative value on error.
366 * TODO: This function probably shouldn't be inlined.
368 static inline int spi_w8r8(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned char byte)
370 unsigned char dout[2];
371 unsigned char din[2];
377 ret = spi_xfer(slave, 16, dout, din, SPI_XFER_BEGIN | SPI_XFER_END);
378 return ret < 0 ? ret : din[1];
382 * struct spi_cs_info - Information about a bus chip select
384 * @dev: Connected device, or NULL if none
391 * struct struct dm_spi_ops - Driver model SPI operations
393 * The uclass interface is implemented by all SPI devices which use
398 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication.
400 * The device provided is the slave device. It's parent controller
401 * will be used to provide the communication.
403 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
404 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
405 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
406 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
407 * the bus in between.
409 * @dev: The SPI slave
411 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
414 int (*claim_bus)(struct udevice *dev);
417 * Release the SPI bus
419 * This must be called once for every call to spi_claim_bus() after
420 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
423 * @dev: The SPI slave
425 int (*release_bus)(struct udevice *dev);
428 * Set the word length for SPI transactions
430 * Set the word length (number of bits per word) for SPI transactions.
432 * @bus: The SPI slave
433 * @wordlen: The number of bits in a word
435 * Returns: 0 on success, -ve on failure.
437 int (*set_wordlen)(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int wordlen);
442 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously
443 * clocks "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI
446 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
447 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that
448 * "dout" and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which
449 * case the input data overwrites the output data (since both are
450 * buffered by temporary variables, this is OK).
452 * spi_xfer() interface:
453 * @dev: The slave device to communicate with
454 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
455 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
456 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
457 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
458 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
460 * Returns: 0 on success, not -1 on failure
462 int (*xfer)(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen, const void *dout,
463 void *din, unsigned long flags);
466 * Optimized handlers for SPI memory-like operations.
468 * Optimized/dedicated operations for interactions with SPI memory. This
469 * field is optional and should only be implemented if the controller
470 * has native support for memory like operations.
472 const struct spi_controller_mem_ops *mem_ops;
475 * Set transfer speed.
476 * This sets a new speed to be applied for next spi_xfer().
478 * @hz: The transfer speed
479 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
481 int (*set_speed)(struct udevice *bus, uint hz);
484 * Set the SPI mode/flags
486 * It is unclear if we want to set speed and mode together instead
490 * @mode: Requested SPI mode (SPI_... flags)
491 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
493 int (*set_mode)(struct udevice *bus, uint mode);
496 * Get information on a chip select
498 * This is only called when the SPI uclass does not know about a
499 * chip select, i.e. it has no attached device. It gives the driver
500 * a chance to allow activity on that chip select even so.
503 * @cs: The chip select (0..n-1)
504 * @info: Returns information about the chip select, if valid.
505 * On entry info->dev is NULL
506 * @return 0 if OK (and @info is set up), -EINVAL if the chip select
507 * is invalid, other -ve value on error
509 int (*cs_info)(struct udevice *bus, uint cs, struct spi_cs_info *info);
512 * get_mmap() - Get memory-mapped SPI
514 * @dev: The SPI flash slave device
515 * @map_basep: Returns base memory address for mapped SPI
516 * @map_sizep: Returns size of mapped SPI
517 * @offsetp: Returns start offset of SPI flash where the map works
518 * correctly (offsets before this are not visible)
519 * @return 0 if OK, -EFAULT if memory mapping is not available
521 int (*get_mmap)(struct udevice *dev, ulong *map_basep,
522 uint *map_sizep, uint *offsetp);
525 struct dm_spi_emul_ops {
529 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously
530 * clocks "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI
531 * works. Here the device is a slave.
533 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
534 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that
535 * "dout" and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which
536 * case the input data overwrites the output data (since both are
537 * buffered by temporary variables, this is OK).
539 * spi_xfer() interface:
540 * @slave: The SPI slave which will be sending/receiving the data.
541 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
542 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits sent to the device. The
543 * bits are held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
544 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be sent back to
546 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
548 * Returns: 0 on success, not -1 on failure
550 int (*xfer)(struct udevice *slave, unsigned int bitlen,
551 const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags);
555 * spi_find_bus_and_cs() - Find bus and slave devices by number
557 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
558 * device and slave device. Neither device is activated by this function,
559 * although they may have been activated previously.
561 * @busnum: SPI bus number
562 * @cs: Chip select to look for
563 * @busp: Returns bus device
564 * @devp: Return slave device
565 * Return: 0 if found, -ENODEV on error
567 int spi_find_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs, struct udevice **busp,
568 struct udevice **devp);
571 * spi_get_bus_and_cs() - Find and activate bus and slave devices by number
573 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
574 * device and slave device.
576 * @busnum: SPI bus number
577 * @cs: Chip select to look for
578 * @busp: Returns bus device
579 * @devp: Return slave device
580 * @return 0 if found, -ve on error
582 int spi_get_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs,
583 struct udevice **busp, struct spi_slave **devp);
586 * _spi_get_bus_and_cs() - Find and activate bus and slave devices by number
587 * As spi_flash_probe(), This is an old-style function. We should remove
588 * it when all SPI flash drivers use dm
590 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
591 * device and slave device.
593 * If no such slave exists, and drv_name is not NULL, then a new slave device
594 * is automatically bound on this chip select with requested speed and mode.
596 * Ths new slave device is probed ready for use with the speed and mode
597 * from plat when available or the requested values.
599 * @busnum: SPI bus number
600 * @cs: Chip select to look for
601 * @speed: SPI speed to use for this slave when not available in plat
602 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this slave when not available in plat
603 * @drv_name: Name of driver to attach to this chip select
604 * @dev_name: Name of the new device thus created
605 * @busp: Returns bus device
606 * @devp: Return slave device
607 * Return: 0 if found, -ve on error
609 int _spi_get_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs, int speed, int mode,
610 const char *drv_name, const char *dev_name,
611 struct udevice **busp, struct spi_slave **devp);
614 * spi_chip_select() - Get the chip select for a slave
616 * Return: the chip select this slave is attached to
618 int spi_chip_select(struct udevice *slave);
621 * spi_find_chip_select() - Find the slave attached to chip select
623 * @bus: SPI bus to search
624 * @cs: Chip select to look for
625 * @devp: Returns the slave device if found
626 * Return: 0 if found, -EINVAL if cs is invalid, -ENODEV if no device attached,
627 * other -ve value on error
629 int spi_find_chip_select(struct udevice *bus, int cs, struct udevice **devp);
632 * spi_slave_of_to_plat() - decode standard SPI platform data
634 * This decodes the speed and mode for a slave from a device tree node
636 * @blob: Device tree blob
637 * @node: Node offset to read from
638 * @plat: Place to put the decoded information
640 int spi_slave_of_to_plat(struct udevice *dev, struct dm_spi_slave_plat *plat);
643 * spi_cs_info() - Check information on a chip select
645 * This checks a particular chip select on a bus to see if it has a device
646 * attached, or is even valid.
649 * @cs: The chip select (0..n-1)
650 * @info: Returns information about the chip select, if valid
651 * Return: 0 if OK (and @info is set up), -ENODEV if the chip select
652 * is invalid, other -ve value on error
654 int spi_cs_info(struct udevice *bus, uint cs, struct spi_cs_info *info);
656 struct sandbox_state;
659 * sandbox_spi_get_emul() - get an emulator for a SPI slave
661 * This provides a way to attach an emulated SPI device to a particular SPI
662 * slave, so that xfer() operations on the slave will be handled by the
663 * emulator. If a emulator already exists on that chip select it is returned.
664 * Otherwise one is created.
666 * @state: Sandbox state
667 * @bus: SPI bus requesting the emulator
668 * @slave: SPI slave device requesting the emulator
669 * @emuip: Returns pointer to emulator
670 * Return: 0 if OK, -ve on error
672 int sandbox_spi_get_emul(struct sandbox_state *state,
673 struct udevice *bus, struct udevice *slave,
674 struct udevice **emulp);
677 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication with a given slave.
679 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
680 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
681 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
682 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
683 * the bus in between.
685 * @dev: The SPI slave device
687 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
690 int dm_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *dev);
693 * Release the SPI bus
695 * This must be called once for every call to dm_spi_claim_bus() after
696 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
699 * @slave: The SPI slave device
701 void dm_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *dev);
706 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously clocks
707 * "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI works.
709 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
710 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that "dout"
711 * and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which case the
712 * input data overwrites the output data (since both are buffered by
713 * temporary variables, this is OK).
715 * dm_spi_xfer() interface:
716 * @dev: The SPI slave device which will be sending/receiving the data.
717 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
718 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
719 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
720 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
721 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
723 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
725 int dm_spi_xfer(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen,
726 const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags);
729 * spi_get_mmap() - Get memory-mapped SPI
731 * @dev: SPI slave device to check
732 * @map_basep: Returns base memory address for mapped SPI
733 * @map_sizep: Returns size of mapped SPI
734 * @offsetp: Returns start offset of SPI flash where the map works
735 * correctly (offsets before this are not visible)
736 * Return: 0 if OK, -ENOSYS if no operation, -EFAULT if memory mapping is not
739 int dm_spi_get_mmap(struct udevice *dev, ulong *map_basep, uint *map_sizep,
742 /* Access the operations for a SPI device */
743 #define spi_get_ops(dev) ((struct dm_spi_ops *)(dev)->driver->ops)
744 #define spi_emul_get_ops(dev) ((struct dm_spi_emul_ops *)(dev)->driver->ops)