1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
3 * This implementation is based on code from uClibc-0.9.30.3 but was
4 * modified and extended for use within U-Boot.
8 * Original license header:
10 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
11 * This file is part of the GNU C Library.
20 #ifdef USE_HOSTCC /* HOST build */
27 # define debug(fmt,args...) printf(fmt ,##args)
29 # define debug(fmt,args...)
32 #else /* U-Boot build */
33 # include <linux/string.h>
34 # include <linux/ctype.h>
38 #define USED_DELETED -1
40 #include <env_callback.h>
41 #include <env_flags.h>
46 * [Aho,Sethi,Ullman] Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools, 1986
47 * [Knuth] The Art of Computer Programming, part 3 (6.4)
51 * The reentrant version has no static variables to maintain the state.
52 * Instead the interface of all functions is extended to take an argument
53 * which describes the current status.
56 struct env_entry_node {
58 struct env_entry entry;
61 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
62 struct env_entry *ep, int idx);
69 * For the used double hash method the table size has to be a prime. To
70 * correct the user given table size we need a prime test. This trivial
71 * algorithm is adequate because
72 * a) the code is (most probably) called a few times per program run and
73 * b) the number is small because the table must fit in the core
75 static int isprime(unsigned int number)
77 /* no even number will be passed */
80 while (div * div < number && number % div != 0)
83 return number % div != 0;
87 * Before using the hash table we must allocate memory for it.
88 * Test for an existing table are done. We allocate one element
89 * more as the found prime number says. This is done for more effective
90 * indexing as explained in the comment for the hsearch function.
91 * The contents of the table is zeroed, especially the field used
95 int hcreate_r(size_t nel, struct hsearch_data *htab)
97 /* Test for correct arguments. */
103 /* There is still another table active. Return with error. */
104 if (htab->table != NULL) {
109 /* Change nel to the first prime number not smaller as nel. */
110 nel |= 1; /* make odd */
111 while (!isprime(nel))
117 /* allocate memory and zero out */
118 htab->table = (struct env_entry_node *)calloc(htab->size + 1,
119 sizeof(struct env_entry_node));
120 if (htab->table == NULL) {
125 /* everything went alright */
134 * After using the hash table it has to be destroyed. The used memory can
135 * be freed and the local static variable can be marked as not used.
138 void hdestroy_r(struct hsearch_data *htab)
142 /* Test for correct arguments. */
148 /* free used memory */
149 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
150 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
151 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
153 free((void *)ep->key);
159 /* the sign for an existing table is an value != NULL in htable */
168 * This is the search function. It uses double hashing with open addressing.
169 * The argument item.key has to be a pointer to an zero terminated, most
170 * probably strings of chars. The function for generating a number of the
171 * strings is simple but fast. It can be replaced by a more complex function
172 * like ajw (see [Aho,Sethi,Ullman]) if the needs are shown.
174 * We use an trick to speed up the lookup. The table is created by hcreate
175 * with one more element available. This enables us to use the index zero
176 * special. This index will never be used because we store the first hash
177 * index in the field used where zero means not used. Every other value
178 * means used. The used field can be used as a first fast comparison for
179 * equality of the stored and the parameter value. This helps to prevent
180 * unnecessary expensive calls of strcmp.
182 * This implementation differs from the standard library version of
183 * this function in a number of ways:
185 * - While the standard version does not make any assumptions about
186 * the type of the stored data objects at all, this implementation
187 * works with NUL terminated strings only.
188 * - Instead of storing just pointers to the original objects, we
189 * create local copies so the caller does not need to care about the
191 * - The standard implementation does not provide a way to update an
192 * existing entry. This version will create a new entry or update an
193 * existing one when both "action == ENV_ENTER" and "item.data != NULL".
194 * - Instead of returning 1 on success, we return the index into the
195 * internal hash table, which is also guaranteed to be positive.
196 * This allows us direct access to the found hash table slot for
197 * example for functions like hdelete().
200 int hmatch_r(const char *match, int last_idx, struct env_entry **retval,
201 struct hsearch_data *htab)
204 size_t key_len = strlen(match);
206 for (idx = last_idx + 1; idx < htab->size; ++idx) {
207 if (htab->table[idx].used <= 0)
209 if (!strncmp(match, htab->table[idx].entry.key, key_len)) {
210 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
221 do_callback(const struct env_entry *e, const char *name, const char *value,
222 enum env_op op, int flags)
224 #ifndef CONFIG_XPL_BUILD
226 return e->callback(name, value, op, flags);
232 * Compare an existing entry with the desired key, and overwrite if the action
233 * is ENV_ENTER. This is simply a helper function for hsearch_r().
235 static inline int _compare_and_overwrite_entry(struct env_entry item,
236 enum env_action action, struct env_entry **retval,
237 struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag, unsigned int hval,
240 if (htab->table[idx].used == hval
241 && strcmp(item.key, htab->table[idx].entry.key) == 0) {
242 /* Overwrite existing value? */
243 if (action == ENV_ENTER && item.data) {
244 /* check for permission */
245 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
246 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data,
247 env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
248 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
249 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
255 /* If there is a callback, call it */
256 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, item.key,
257 item.data, env_op_overwrite, flag)) {
258 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
259 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
265 free(htab->table[idx].entry.data);
266 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
267 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
273 /* return found entry */
274 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
281 int hsearch_r(struct env_entry item, enum env_action action,
282 struct env_entry **retval, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
286 unsigned int len = strlen(item.key);
288 unsigned int first_deleted = 0;
291 /* Compute an value for the given string. Perhaps use a better method. */
294 while (count-- > 0) {
296 hval += item.key[count];
300 * First hash function:
301 * simply take the modul but prevent zero.
307 /* The first index tried. */
310 if (htab->table[idx].used) {
312 * Further action might be required according to the
317 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED)
320 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval, htab,
326 * Second hash function:
327 * as suggested in [Knuth]
329 hval2 = 1 + hval % (htab->size - 2);
333 * Because SIZE is prime this guarantees to
334 * step through all available indices.
337 idx = htab->size + idx - hval2;
342 * If we visited all entries leave the loop
348 if (htab->table[idx].used == USED_DELETED
352 /* If entry is found use it. */
353 ret = _compare_and_overwrite_entry(item, action, retval,
354 htab, flag, hval, idx);
358 while (htab->table[idx].used != USED_FREE);
361 /* An empty bucket has been found. */
362 if (action == ENV_ENTER) {
364 * If table is full and another entry should be
365 * entered return with error.
367 if (htab->filled == htab->size) {
375 * create copies of item.key and item.data
380 htab->table[idx].used = hval;
381 htab->table[idx].entry.key = strdup(item.key);
382 htab->table[idx].entry.data = strdup(item.data);
383 if (!htab->table[idx].entry.key ||
384 !htab->table[idx].entry.data) {
392 /* This is a new entry, so look up a possible callback */
393 env_callback_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
394 /* Also look for flags */
395 env_flags_init(&htab->table[idx].entry);
397 /* check for permission */
398 if (htab->change_ok != NULL && htab->change_ok(
399 &htab->table[idx].entry, item.data, env_op_create, flag)) {
400 debug("change_ok() rejected setting variable "
401 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
402 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
408 /* If there is a callback, call it */
409 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, item.key, item.data,
410 env_op_create, flag)) {
411 debug("callback() rejected setting variable "
412 "%s, skipping it!\n", item.key);
413 _hdelete(item.key, htab, &htab->table[idx].entry, idx);
419 /* return new entry */
420 *retval = &htab->table[idx].entry;
434 * The standard implementation of hsearch(3) does not provide any way
435 * to delete any entries from the hash table. We extend the code to
439 static void _hdelete(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab,
440 struct env_entry *ep, int idx)
442 /* free used entry */
443 debug("hdelete: DELETING key \"%s\"\n", key);
444 free((void *)ep->key);
447 htab->table[idx].used = USED_DELETED;
452 int hdelete_r(const char *key, struct hsearch_data *htab, int flag)
454 struct env_entry e, *ep;
457 debug("hdelete: DELETE key \"%s\"\n", key);
461 idx = hsearch_r(e, ENV_FIND, &ep, htab, 0);
464 return -ENOENT; /* not found */
467 /* Check for permission */
468 if (htab->change_ok != NULL &&
469 htab->change_ok(ep, NULL, env_op_delete, flag)) {
470 debug("change_ok() rejected deleting variable "
471 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
476 /* If there is a callback, call it */
477 if (do_callback(&htab->table[idx].entry, key, NULL,
478 env_op_delete, flag)) {
479 debug("callback() rejected deleting variable "
480 "%s, skipping it!\n", key);
485 _hdelete(key, htab, ep, idx);
490 #if !(defined(CONFIG_XPL_BUILD) && !defined(CONFIG_SPL_SAVEENV))
496 * Export the data stored in the hash table in linearized form.
498 * Entries are exported as "name=value" strings, separated by an
499 * arbitrary (non-NUL, of course) separator character. This allows to
500 * use this function both when formatting the U-Boot environment for
501 * external storage (using '\0' as separator), but also when using it
502 * for the "printenv" command to print all variables, simply by using
503 * as '\n" as separator. This can also be used for new features like
504 * exporting the environment data as text file, including the option
505 * for later re-import.
507 * The entries in the result list will be sorted by ascending key
510 * If the separator character is different from NUL, then any
511 * separator characters and backslash characters in the values will
512 * be escaped by a preceding backslash in output. This is needed for
513 * example to enable multi-line values, especially when the output
514 * shall later be parsed (for example, for re-import).
516 * There are several options how the result buffer is handled:
520 * NULL 0 A string of sufficient length will be allocated.
521 * NULL >0 A string of the size given will be
522 * allocated. An error will be returned if the size is
523 * not sufficient. Any unused bytes in the string will
525 * !NULL 0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. No length
526 * checking will be performed, i. e. it is assumed that
527 * the buffer size will always be big enough. DANGEROUS.
528 * !NULL >0 The user-supplied buffer will be used. An error will
529 * be returned if the size is not sufficient. Any unused
530 * bytes in the string will be '\0'-padded.
533 static int cmpkey(const void *p1, const void *p2)
535 struct env_entry *e1 = *(struct env_entry **)p1;
536 struct env_entry *e2 = *(struct env_entry **)p2;
538 return (strcmp(e1->key, e2->key));
541 static int match_string(int flag, const char *str, const char *pat, void *priv)
543 switch (flag & H_MATCH_METHOD) {
545 if (strcmp(str, pat) == 0)
549 if (strstr(str, pat))
555 struct slre *slrep = (struct slre *)priv;
557 if (slre_match(slrep, str, strlen(str), NULL))
563 printf("## ERROR: unsupported match method: 0x%02x\n",
564 flag & H_MATCH_METHOD);
570 static int match_entry(struct env_entry *ep, int flag, int argc,
576 for (arg = 0; arg < argc; ++arg) {
580 if (slre_compile(&slre, argv[arg]) == 0) {
581 printf("Error compiling regex: %s\n", slre.err_str);
585 priv = (void *)&slre;
587 if (flag & H_MATCH_KEY) {
588 if (match_string(flag, ep->key, argv[arg], priv))
591 if (flag & H_MATCH_DATA) {
592 if (match_string(flag, ep->data, argv[arg], priv))
599 ssize_t hexport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, const char sep, int flag,
600 char **resp, size_t size,
601 int argc, char *const argv[])
603 struct env_entry *list[htab->size];
608 /* Test for correct arguments. */
609 if ((resp == NULL) || (htab == NULL)) {
614 debug("EXPORT table = %p, htab.size = %d, htab.filled = %d, size = %lu\n",
615 htab, htab->size, htab->filled, (ulong)size);
618 * search used entries,
619 * save addresses and compute total length
621 for (i = 1, n = 0, totlen = 0; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
623 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
624 struct env_entry *ep = &htab->table[i].entry;
625 int found = match_entry(ep, flag, argc, argv);
627 if ((argc > 0) && (found == 0))
630 if ((flag & H_HIDE_DOT) && ep->key[0] == '.')
635 totlen += strlen(ep->key);
638 totlen += strlen(ep->data);
639 } else { /* check if escapes are needed */
644 /* add room for needed escape chars */
645 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
650 totlen += 2; /* for '=' and 'sep' char */
655 /* Pass 1a: print unsorted list */
656 printf("Unsorted: n=%d\n", n);
657 for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
658 printf("\t%3d: %p ==> %-10s => %s\n",
659 i, list[i], list[i]->key, list[i]->data);
663 /* Sort list by keys */
664 qsort(list, n, sizeof(struct env_entry *), cmpkey);
666 /* Check if the user supplied buffer size is sufficient */
668 if (size < totlen + 1) { /* provided buffer too small */
669 printf("Env export buffer too small: %lu, but need %lu\n",
670 (ulong)size, (ulong)totlen + 1);
678 /* Check if the user provided a buffer */
682 memset(res, '\0', size);
684 /* no, allocate and clear one */
685 *resp = res = calloc(1, size);
693 * export sorted list of result data
695 for (i = 0, p = res; i < n; ++i) {
706 if ((*s == sep) || (*s == '\\'))
707 *p++ = '\\'; /* escape */
712 *p = '\0'; /* terminate result */
723 * Check whether variable 'name' is amongst vars[],
724 * and remove all instances by setting the pointer to NULL
726 static int drop_var_from_set(const char *name, int nvars, char * vars[])
731 /* No variables specified means process all of them */
735 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
738 /* If we found it, delete all of them */
739 if (!strcmp(name, vars[i])) {
745 debug("Skipping non-listed variable %s\n", name);
751 * Import linearized data into hash table.
753 * This is the inverse function to hexport(): it takes a linear list
754 * of "name=value" pairs and creates hash table entries from it.
756 * Entries without "value", i. e. consisting of only "name" or
757 * "name=", will cause this entry to be deleted from the hash table.
759 * The "flag" argument can be used to control the behaviour: when the
760 * H_NOCLEAR bit is set, then an existing hash table will kept, i. e.
761 * new data will be added to an existing hash table; otherwise, if no
762 * vars are passed, old data will be discarded and a new hash table
763 * will be created. If vars are passed, passed vars that are not in
764 * the linear list of "name=value" pairs will be removed from the
765 * current hash table.
767 * The separator character for the "name=value" pairs can be selected,
768 * so we both support importing from externally stored environment
769 * data (separated by NUL characters) and from plain text files
770 * (entries separated by newline characters).
772 * To allow for nicely formatted text input, leading white space
773 * (sequences of SPACE and TAB chars) is ignored, and entries starting
774 * (after removal of any leading white space) with a '#' character are
775 * considered comments and ignored.
777 * [NOTE: this means that a variable name cannot start with a '#'
780 * When using a non-NUL separator character, backslash is used as
781 * escape character in the value part, allowing for example for
784 * In theory, arbitrary separator characters can be used, but only
785 * '\0' and '\n' have really been tested.
788 int himport_r(struct hsearch_data *htab,
789 const char *env, size_t size, const char sep, int flag,
790 int crlf_is_lf, int nvars, char * const vars[])
792 char *data, *sp, *dp, *name, *value;
793 char *localvars[nvars];
796 /* Test for correct arguments. */
802 /* we allocate new space to make sure we can write to the array */
803 if ((data = malloc(size + 1)) == NULL) {
804 debug("himport_r: can't malloc %lu bytes\n", (ulong)size + 1);
808 memcpy(data, env, size);
812 /* make a local copy of the list of variables */
814 memcpy(localvars, vars, sizeof(vars[0]) * nvars);
816 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(ENV_APPEND)
820 if ((flag & H_NOCLEAR) == 0 && !nvars) {
821 /* Destroy old hash table if one exists */
822 debug("Destroy Hash Table: %p table = %p\n", htab,
829 * Create new hash table (if needed). The computation of the hash
830 * table size is based on heuristics: in a sample of some 70+
831 * existing systems we found an average size of 39+ bytes per entry
832 * in the environment (for the whole key=value pair). Assuming a
833 * size of 8 per entry (= safety factor of ~5) should provide enough
834 * safety margin for any existing environment definitions and still
835 * allow for more than enough dynamic additions. Note that the
836 * "size" argument is supposed to give the maximum environment size
837 * (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE). This heuristics will result in
838 * unreasonably large numbers (and thus memory footprint) for
839 * big flash environments (>8,000 entries for 64 KB
840 * environment size), so we clip it to a reasonable value.
841 * On the other hand we need to add some more entries for free
842 * space when importing very small buffers. Both boundaries can
843 * be overwritten in the board config file if needed.
847 int nent = CONFIG_ENV_MIN_ENTRIES + size / 8;
849 if (nent > CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES)
850 nent = CONFIG_ENV_MAX_ENTRIES;
852 debug("Create Hash Table: N=%d\n", nent);
854 if (hcreate_r(nent, htab) == 0) {
862 return 1; /* everything OK */
865 /* Remove Carriage Returns in front of Line Feeds */
866 unsigned ignored_crs = 0;
867 for(;dp < data + size && *dp; ++dp) {
869 dp < data + size - 1 && *(dp+1) == '\n')
872 *(dp-ignored_crs) = *dp;
877 /* Parse environment; allow for '\0' and 'sep' as separators */
879 struct env_entry e, *rv;
881 /* skip leading white space */
885 /* skip comment lines */
887 while (*dp && (*dp != sep))
894 for (name = dp; *dp != '=' && *dp && *dp != sep; ++dp)
897 /* deal with "name" and "name=" entries (delete var) */
898 if (*dp == '\0' || *(dp + 1) == '\0' ||
899 *dp == sep || *(dp + 1) == sep) {
902 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
904 debug("DELETE CANDIDATE: \"%s\"\n", name);
905 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
908 if (hdelete_r(name, htab, flag))
909 debug("DELETE ERROR ##############################\n");
913 *dp++ = '\0'; /* terminate name */
915 /* parse value; deal with escapes */
916 for (value = sp = dp; *dp && (*dp != sep); ++dp) {
917 if ((*dp == '\\') && *(dp + 1))
921 *sp++ = '\0'; /* terminate value */
925 debug("INSERT: unable to use an empty key\n");
931 /* Skip variables which are not supposed to be processed */
932 if (!drop_var_from_set(name, nvars, localvars))
935 /* enter into hash table */
939 hsearch_r(e, ENV_ENTER, &rv, htab, flag);
940 #if !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ENV_WRITEABLE_LIST)
942 printf("himport_r: can't insert \"%s=%s\" into hash table\n",
947 debug("INSERT: table %p, filled %d/%d rv %p ==> name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\"\n",
948 htab, htab->filled, htab->size,
950 } while ((dp < data + size) && *dp); /* size check needed for text */
951 /* without '\0' termination */
952 debug("INSERT: free(data = %p)\n", data);
955 if (flag & H_NOCLEAR)
958 /* process variables which were not considered */
959 for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
960 if (localvars[i] == NULL)
963 * All variables which were not deleted from the variable list
964 * were not present in the imported env
965 * This could mean two things:
966 * a) if the variable was present in current env, we delete it
967 * b) if the variable was not present in current env, we notify
970 if (hdelete_r(localvars[i], htab, flag))
971 printf("WARNING: '%s' neither in running nor in imported env!\n", localvars[i]);
973 printf("WARNING: '%s' not in imported env, deleting it!\n", localvars[i]);
977 debug("INSERT: done\n");
978 return 1; /* everything OK */
986 * Walk all of the entries in the hash, calling the callback for each one.
987 * this allows some generic operation to be performed on each element.
989 int hwalk_r(struct hsearch_data *htab, int (*callback)(struct env_entry *entry))
994 for (i = 1; i <= htab->size; ++i) {
995 if (htab->table[i].used > 0) {
996 retval = callback(&htab->table[i].entry);