2 * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
4 * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
5 * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
7 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
8 * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11 #include <sys/types.h>
17 #include "qemu-common.h"
18 #include "block_int.h"
21 #define VERSION "0.0.1"
23 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK 0x01
26 static BlockDriverState *bs;
31 * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
33 * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
34 * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
36 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
41 pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
42 if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
43 printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
51 * Memory allocation helpers.
53 * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
54 * that is specified on the command line.
57 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET 16
58 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern)
63 len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
65 buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, len);
66 memset(buf, pattern, len);
68 buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
73 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
81 static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
86 for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
89 printf("%08" PRIx64 ": ", offset + i);
90 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
94 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
105 static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
106 int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
108 char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
110 timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
112 cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
113 cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
114 printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
115 op, total, count, offset);
116 printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
117 s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
118 } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
119 printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
121 tdiv((double)total, *t),
122 tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
127 * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
128 * vector matching it.
131 create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
133 size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
139 for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
145 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
149 /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
151 printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
156 printf("length argument %" PRId64
157 " is not sector aligned\n", len);
165 qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
167 buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
169 for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
170 qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
179 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
183 ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
191 static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
195 ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
203 static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
205 *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
212 static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
214 *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
229 static void coroutine_fn co_write_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
231 CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
233 data->ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(bs, data->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
234 data->count / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
237 *data->total = data->ret;
241 *data->total = data->count;
244 static int do_co_write_zeroes(int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
247 CoWriteZeroes data = {
254 co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_write_zeroes_entry);
255 qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
266 static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
268 *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
275 static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
277 *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
284 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
285 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
287 *(int *)opaque = ret;
290 static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
292 int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
294 bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
295 aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
296 while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
301 return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
304 static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
306 int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
308 bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
309 aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
310 while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
315 return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
318 struct multiwrite_async_ret {
323 static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
325 struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque;
327 async_ret->num_done++;
329 async_ret->error = ret;
333 static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockRequest* reqs, int num_reqs, int *total)
336 struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = {
342 for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) {
343 reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb;
344 reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret;
345 *total += reqs[i].qiov->size;
348 ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs);
353 while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) {
357 return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1;
360 static void read_help(void)
364 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
367 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
369 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
370 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
371 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
372 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
373 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
374 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
375 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
376 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
377 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
378 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
382 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv);
384 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
390 .args = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
391 .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
395 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv)
397 struct timeval t1, t2;
398 int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
399 int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
404 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
406 int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
408 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
418 pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
419 if (pattern_count < 0) {
420 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
429 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
439 pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
440 if (pattern_offset < 0) {
441 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
449 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
453 if (optind != argc - 2) {
454 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
457 if (bflag && pflag) {
458 printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
462 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
464 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
469 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
471 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
475 if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
476 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
480 pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
483 if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count)) {
484 printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
489 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
490 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
495 printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
501 buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
503 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
505 cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
507 cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
509 cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
511 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
514 printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
519 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
520 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
521 if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
522 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
523 PRId64 ", %d bytes\n",
524 offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
534 dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
537 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
539 print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
547 static void readv_help(void)
551 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
554 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
556 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
557 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
558 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
559 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
560 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
561 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
562 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
566 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv);
568 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
573 .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
574 .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
578 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
580 struct timeval t1, t2;
581 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
585 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
592 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
599 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
611 return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
615 if (optind > argc - 2) {
616 return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
620 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
622 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
627 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
628 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
633 nr_iov = argc - optind;
634 buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
639 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
640 cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
641 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
644 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
649 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
650 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
651 if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
652 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
653 PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
663 dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
666 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
668 print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
675 static void write_help(void)
679 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
682 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
684 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
685 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
686 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
687 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
688 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
689 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
690 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
691 " -z, -- write zeroes using bdrv_co_write_zeroes\n"
695 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv);
697 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
703 .args = "[-bCpqz] [-P pattern ] off len",
704 .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
708 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv)
710 struct timeval t1, t2;
711 int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0, Pflag = 0, zflag = 0;
716 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
720 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:qz")) != EOF) {
733 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
745 return command_usage(&write_cmd);
749 if (optind != argc - 2) {
750 return command_usage(&write_cmd);
753 if (bflag + pflag + zflag > 1) {
754 printf("-b, -p, or -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
758 if (zflag && Pflag) {
759 printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
763 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
765 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
770 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
772 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
777 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
778 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
784 printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
791 buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
794 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
796 cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
798 cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
800 cnt = do_co_write_zeroes(offset, count, &total);
802 cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
804 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
807 printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
815 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
817 print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
832 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
835 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
837 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
838 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
839 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
840 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
841 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
845 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv);
847 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
852 .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
853 .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
857 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
859 struct timeval t1, t2;
860 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
864 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
870 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
879 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
885 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
889 if (optind > argc - 2) {
890 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
893 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
895 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
900 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
901 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
906 nr_iov = argc - optind;
907 buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
912 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
913 cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
914 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
917 printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
925 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
927 print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
933 static void multiwrite_help(void)
937 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n"
938 " in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n"
941 " 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k'\n"
942 " writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n"
944 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
945 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n"
946 " by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n"
947 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
948 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
949 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
953 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv);
955 static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = {
956 .name = "multiwrite",
957 .cfunc = multiwrite_f,
960 .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]",
961 .oneline = "issues multiple write requests at once",
962 .help = multiwrite_help,
965 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv)
967 struct timeval t1, t2;
968 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
971 int64_t offset, first_offset = 0;
972 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
981 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
990 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
996 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1000 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1001 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1005 for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
1006 if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) {
1011 reqs = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs));
1012 buf = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf));
1013 qiovs = g_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs));
1015 for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs && optind < argc; i++) {
1018 /* Read the offset of the request */
1019 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1021 printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1026 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1027 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1033 first_offset = offset;
1036 /* Read lengths for qiov entries */
1037 for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {
1038 if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) {
1043 nr_iov = j - optind;
1046 buf[i] = create_iovec(&qiovs[i], &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1047 if (buf[i] == NULL) {
1051 reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i];
1052 reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9;
1053 reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9;
1060 /* If there were empty requests at the end, ignore them */
1063 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1064 cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(reqs, nr_reqs, &total);
1065 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1068 printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1076 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1078 print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag);
1080 for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
1081 qemu_io_free(buf[i]);
1082 if (reqs[i].qiov != NULL) {
1083 qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]);
1104 static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1106 struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1109 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1113 printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1121 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1122 t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1123 print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1124 ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1126 qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1130 static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1132 struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1135 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1138 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1143 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
1145 memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
1146 if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
1147 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
1148 PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1158 dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1161 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1162 t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1163 print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1164 ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1166 qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1170 static void aio_read_help(void)
1174 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1177 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1179 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
1180 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
1181 " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1182 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1183 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1184 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
1185 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
1186 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1190 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv);
1192 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
1194 .cfunc = aio_read_f,
1197 .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1198 .oneline = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
1199 .help = aio_read_help,
1202 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
1205 struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1207 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
1214 ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1215 if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
1228 return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1232 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1234 return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1237 ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1238 if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1239 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1245 if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1246 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1252 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1253 ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
1254 if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1259 gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1260 bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1261 ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
1265 static void aio_write_help(void)
1269 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
1270 " from multiple buffers\n"
1273 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1275 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1276 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1277 " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1278 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1279 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1280 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1281 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1285 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv);
1287 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1288 .name = "aio_write",
1289 .cfunc = aio_write_f,
1292 .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1293 .oneline = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1294 .help = aio_write_help,
1297 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
1301 struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1303 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1312 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1320 return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1324 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1326 return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1329 ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1330 if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1331 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1337 if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1338 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1344 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1345 ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1346 if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1351 gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1352 bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1353 ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1357 static int aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1363 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1364 .name = "aio_flush",
1365 .cfunc = aio_flush_f,
1366 .oneline = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
1369 static int flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1375 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1379 .oneline = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1382 static int truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
1387 offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1389 printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1393 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1395 printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1402 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1405 .cfunc = truncate_f,
1409 .oneline = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1412 static int length_f(int argc, char **argv)
1417 size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1419 printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
1423 cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1429 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1433 .oneline = "gets the length of the current file",
1437 static int info_f(int argc, char **argv)
1439 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1440 char s1[64], s2[64];
1443 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
1444 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1446 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
1447 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1450 ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1455 cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1456 cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1458 printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1459 printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1466 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1470 .oneline = "prints information about the current file",
1473 static void discard_help(void)
1477 " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1480 " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1482 " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
1483 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1484 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1488 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv);
1490 static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
1496 .args = "[-Cq] off len",
1497 .oneline = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1498 .help = discard_help,
1501 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv)
1503 struct timeval t1, t2;
1504 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1509 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != EOF) {
1518 return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1522 if (optind != argc - 2) {
1523 return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1526 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1528 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1533 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1535 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1539 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1540 ret = bdrv_discard(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1541 count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1542 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1545 printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1549 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1552 print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag);
1559 static int alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
1562 int nb_sectors, remaining;
1567 offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1568 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1569 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1575 nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1580 remaining = nb_sectors;
1583 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset >> 9, nb_sectors, &num);
1590 cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1592 printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1593 sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1597 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1603 .args = "off [sectors]",
1604 .oneline = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1607 static int map_f(int argc, char **argv)
1612 int num, num_checked;
1617 nb_sectors = bs->total_sectors;
1620 num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1621 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num);
1622 retstr = ret ? " allocated" : "not allocated";
1623 cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1));
1624 printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8d/% 8d sectors %s at offset %s (%d)\n",
1625 offset << 9ULL, num, num_checked, retstr, s1, ret);
1629 } while (offset < bs->total_sectors);
1634 static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
1640 .oneline = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
1644 static int close_f(int argc, char **argv)
1651 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
1655 .oneline = "close the current open file",
1658 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
1661 fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
1666 if (bdrv_file_open(&bs, name, flags)) {
1667 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1671 bs = bdrv_new("hda");
1673 if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags, NULL) < 0) {
1674 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1684 static void open_help(void)
1688 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
1691 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
1693 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
1694 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
1695 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
1696 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
1697 " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
1701 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv);
1703 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
1709 .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1710 .args = "[-Crsn] [path]",
1711 .oneline = "open the file specified by path",
1715 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv)
1722 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrg")) != EOF) {
1725 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1728 flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1737 return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1742 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1745 if (optind != argc - 1) {
1746 return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1749 return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1752 static int init_args_command(int index)
1754 /* only one device allowed so far */
1761 static int init_check_command(const cmdinfo_t *ct)
1763 if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
1766 if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
1767 fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
1773 static void usage(const char *name)
1776 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
1777 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
1779 " -c, --cmd command to execute\n"
1780 " -r, --read-only export read-only\n"
1781 " -s, --snapshot use snapshot file\n"
1782 " -n, --nocache disable host cache\n"
1783 " -g, --growable allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
1784 " -m, --misalign misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
1785 " -k, --native-aio use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
1786 " -h, --help display this help and exit\n"
1787 " -V, --version output version information and exit\n"
1793 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1797 const char *sopt = "hVc:rsnmgk";
1798 const struct option lopt[] = {
1799 { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
1800 { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
1801 { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
1802 { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
1803 { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
1804 { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
1805 { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
1806 { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
1807 { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
1808 { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
1809 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
1815 progname = basename(argv[0]);
1817 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
1820 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1823 flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1826 add_user_command(optarg);
1838 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
1841 printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
1852 if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
1859 /* initialize commands */
1862 add_command(&open_cmd);
1863 add_command(&close_cmd);
1864 add_command(&read_cmd);
1865 add_command(&readv_cmd);
1866 add_command(&write_cmd);
1867 add_command(&writev_cmd);
1868 add_command(&multiwrite_cmd);
1869 add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
1870 add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
1871 add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
1872 add_command(&flush_cmd);
1873 add_command(&truncate_cmd);
1874 add_command(&length_cmd);
1875 add_command(&info_cmd);
1876 add_command(&discard_cmd);
1877 add_command(&alloc_cmd);
1878 add_command(&map_cmd);
1880 add_args_command(init_args_command);
1881 add_check_command(init_check_command);
1883 /* open the device */
1885 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1888 if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
1889 openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1894 * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.