hw/arm_boot.c

   1 /*
   2  * ARM kernel loader.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2006-2007 CodeSourcery.
   5  * Written by Paul Brook
   6  *
   7  * This code is licensed under the GPL.
   8  */
   9
  10 #include "config.h"
  11 #include "hw.h"
  12 #include "arm-misc.h"
  13 #include "sysemu.h"
  14 #include "boards.h"
  15 #include "loader.h"
  16 #include "elf.h"
  17 #include "device_tree.h"
  18
  19 #define KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR 0x100
  20 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00010000
  21 #define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR 0x00d00000
  22
  23 /* The worlds second smallest bootloader.  Set r0-r2, then jump to kernel.  */
  24 static uint32_t bootloader[] = {
  25   0xe3a00000, /* mov     r0, #0 */
  26   0xe59f1004, /* ldr     r1, [pc, #4] */
  27   0xe59f2004, /* ldr     r2, [pc, #4] */
  28   0xe59ff004, /* ldr     pc, [pc, #4] */
  29   0, /* Board ID */
  30   0, /* Address of kernel args.  Set by integratorcp_init.  */
  31   0  /* Kernel entry point.  Set by integratorcp_init.  */
  32 };
  33
  34 /* Handling for secondary CPU boot in a multicore system.
  35  * Unlike the uniprocessor/primary CPU boot, this is platform
  36  * dependent. The default code here is based on the secondary
  37  * CPU boot protocol used on realview/vexpress boards, with
  38  * some parameterisation to increase its flexibility.
  39  * QEMU platform models for which this code is not appropriate
  40  * should override write_secondary_boot and secondary_cpu_reset_hook
  41  * instead.
  42  *
  43  * This code enables the interrupt controllers for the secondary
  44  * CPUs and then puts all the secondary CPUs into a loop waiting
  45  * for an interprocessor interrupt and polling a configurable
  46  * location for the kernel secondary CPU entry point.
  47  */
  48 static uint32_t smpboot[] = {
  49   0xe59f201c, /* ldr r2, gic_cpu_if */
  50   0xe59f001c, /* ldr r0, startaddr */
  51   0xe3a01001, /* mov r1, #1 */
  52   0xe5821000, /* str r1, [r2] */
  53   0xe320f003, /* wfi */
  54   0xe5901000, /* ldr     r1, [r0] */
  55   0xe1110001, /* tst     r1, r1 */
  56   0x0afffffb, /* beq     <wfi> */
  57   0xe12fff11, /* bx      r1 */
  58   0,          /* gic_cpu_if: base address of GIC CPU interface */
  59   0           /* bootreg: Boot register address is held here */
  60 };
  61
  62 static void default_write_secondary(CPUARMState *env,
  63                                     const struct arm_boot_info *info)
  64 {
  65     int n;
  66     smpboot[ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot) - 1] = info->smp_bootreg_addr;
  67     smpboot[ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot) - 2] = info->gic_cpu_if_addr;
  68     for (n = 0; n < ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot); n++) {
  69         smpboot[n] = tswap32(smpboot[n]);
  70     }
  71     rom_add_blob_fixed("smpboot", smpboot, sizeof(smpboot),
  72                        info->smp_loader_start);
  73 }
  74
  75 static void default_reset_secondary(CPUARMState *env,
  76                                     const struct arm_boot_info *info)
  77 {
  78     stl_phys_notdirty(info->smp_bootreg_addr, 0);
  79     env->regs[15] = info->smp_loader_start;
  80 }
  81
  82 #define WRITE_WORD(p, value) do { \
  83     stl_phys_notdirty(p, value);  \
  84     p += 4;                       \
  85 } while (0)
  86
  87 static void set_kernel_args(const struct arm_boot_info *info)
  88 {
  89     int initrd_size = info->initrd_size;
  90     target_phys_addr_t base = info->loader_start;
  91     target_phys_addr_t p;
  92
  93     p = base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
  94     /* ATAG_CORE */
  95     WRITE_WORD(p, 5);
  96     WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410001);
  97     WRITE_WORD(p, 1);
  98     WRITE_WORD(p, 0x1000);
  99     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 100     /* ATAG_MEM */
 101     /* TODO: handle multiple chips on one ATAG list */
 102     WRITE_WORD(p, 4);
 103     WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410002);
 104     WRITE_WORD(p, info->ram_size);
 105     WRITE_WORD(p, info->loader_start);
 106     if (initrd_size) {
 107         /* ATAG_INITRD2 */
 108         WRITE_WORD(p, 4);
 109         WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54420005);
 110         WRITE_WORD(p, info->loader_start + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
 111         WRITE_WORD(p, initrd_size);
 112     }
 113     if (info->kernel_cmdline && *info->kernel_cmdline) {
 114         /* ATAG_CMDLINE */
 115         int cmdline_size;
 116
 117         cmdline_size = strlen(info->kernel_cmdline);
 118         cpu_physical_memory_write(p + 8, (void *)info->kernel_cmdline,
 119                                   cmdline_size + 1);
 120         cmdline_size = (cmdline_size >> 2) + 1;
 121         WRITE_WORD(p, cmdline_size + 2);
 122         WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410009);
 123         p += cmdline_size * 4;
 124     }
 125     if (info->atag_board) {
 126         /* ATAG_BOARD */
 127         int atag_board_len;
 128         uint8_t atag_board_buf[0x1000];
 129
 130         atag_board_len = (info->atag_board(info, atag_board_buf) + 3) & ~3;
 131         WRITE_WORD(p, (atag_board_len + 8) >> 2);
 132         WRITE_WORD(p, 0x414f4d50);
 133         cpu_physical_memory_write(p, atag_board_buf, atag_board_len);
 134         p += atag_board_len;
 135     }
 136     /* ATAG_END */
 137     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 138     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 139 }
 140
 141 static void set_kernel_args_old(const struct arm_boot_info *info)
 142 {
 143     target_phys_addr_t p;
 144     const char *s;
 145     int initrd_size = info->initrd_size;
 146     target_phys_addr_t base = info->loader_start;
 147
 148     /* see linux/include/asm-arm/setup.h */
 149     p = base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
 150     /* page_size */
 151     WRITE_WORD(p, 4096);
 152     /* nr_pages */
 153     WRITE_WORD(p, info->ram_size / 4096);
 154     /* ramdisk_size */
 155     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 156 #define FLAG_READONLY   1
 157 #define FLAG_RDLOAD     4
 158 #define FLAG_RDPROMPT   8
 159     /* flags */
 160     WRITE_WORD(p, FLAG_READONLY | FLAG_RDLOAD | FLAG_RDPROMPT);
 161     /* rootdev */
 162     WRITE_WORD(p, (31 << 8) | 0);       /* /dev/mtdblock0 */
 163     /* video_num_cols */
 164     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 165     /* video_num_rows */
 166     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 167     /* video_x */
 168     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 169     /* video_y */
 170     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 171     /* memc_control_reg */
 172     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 173     /* unsigned char sounddefault */
 174     /* unsigned char adfsdrives */
 175     /* unsigned char bytes_per_char_h */
 176     /* unsigned char bytes_per_char_v */
 177     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 178     /* pages_in_bank[4] */
 179     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 180     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 181     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 182     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 183     /* pages_in_vram */
 184     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 185     /* initrd_start */
 186     if (initrd_size)
 187         WRITE_WORD(p, info->loader_start + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
 188     else
 189         WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 190     /* initrd_size */
 191     WRITE_WORD(p, initrd_size);
 192     /* rd_start */
 193     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 194     /* system_rev */
 195     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 196     /* system_serial_low */
 197     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 198     /* system_serial_high */
 199     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 200     /* mem_fclk_21285 */
 201     WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 202     /* zero unused fields */
 203     while (p < base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR + 256 + 1024) {
 204         WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 205     }
 206     s = info->kernel_cmdline;
 207     if (s) {
 208         cpu_physical_memory_write(p, (void *)s, strlen(s) + 1);
 209     } else {
 210         WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
 211     }
 212 }
 213
 214 static int load_dtb(target_phys_addr_t addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo)
 215 {
 216 #ifdef CONFIG_FDT
 217     uint32_t mem_reg_property[] = { cpu_to_be32(binfo->loader_start),
 218                                     cpu_to_be32(binfo->ram_size) };
 219     void *fdt = NULL;
 220     char *filename;
 221     int size, rc;
 222
 223     filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, binfo->dtb_filename);
 224     if (!filename) {
 225         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open dtb file %s\n", binfo->dtb_filename);
 226         return -1;
 227     }
 228
 229     fdt = load_device_tree(filename, &size);
 230     if (!fdt) {
 231         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open dtb file %s\n", filename);
 232         g_free(filename);
 233         return -1;
 234     }
 235     g_free(filename);
 236
 237     rc = qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/memory", "reg", mem_reg_property,
 238                                sizeof(mem_reg_property));
 239     if (rc < 0) {
 240         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /memory/reg\n");
 241     }
 242
 243     rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
 244                                       binfo->kernel_cmdline);
 245     if (rc < 0) {
 246         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
 247     }
 248
 249     if (binfo->initrd_size) {
 250         rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
 251                 binfo->loader_start + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
 252         if (rc < 0) {
 253             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-start\n");
 254         }
 255
 256         rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
 257                     binfo->loader_start + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR +
 258                     binfo->initrd_size);
 259         if (rc < 0) {
 260             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-end\n");
 261         }
 262     }
 263
 264     cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, fdt, size);
 265
 266     return 0;
 267
 268 #else
 269     fprintf(stderr, "Device tree requested, "
 270                 "but qemu was compiled without fdt support\n");
 271     return -1;
 272 #endif
 273 }
 274
 275 static void do_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
 276 {
 277     ARMCPU *cpu = opaque;
 278     CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
 279     const struct arm_boot_info *info = env->boot_info;
 280
 281     cpu_reset(CPU(cpu));
 282     if (info) {
 283         if (!info->is_linux) {
 284             /* Jump to the entry point.  */
 285             env->regs[15] = info->entry & 0xfffffffe;
 286             env->thumb = info->entry & 1;
 287         } else {
 288             if (env == first_cpu) {
 289                 env->regs[15] = info->loader_start;
 290                 if (!info->dtb_filename) {
 291                     if (old_param) {
 292                         set_kernel_args_old(info);
 293                     } else {
 294                         set_kernel_args(info);
 295                     }
 296                 }
 297             } else {
 298                 info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook(env, info);
 299             }
 300         }
 301     }
 302 }
 303
 304 void arm_load_kernel(CPUARMState *env, struct arm_boot_info *info)
 305 {
 306     ARMCPU *cpu;
 307     int kernel_size;
 308     int initrd_size;
 309     int n;
 310     int is_linux = 0;
 311     uint64_t elf_entry;
 312     target_phys_addr_t entry;
 313     int big_endian;
 314     QemuOpts *machine_opts;
 315
 316     /* Load the kernel.  */
 317     if (!info->kernel_filename) {
 318         fprintf(stderr, "Kernel image must be specified\n");
 319         exit(1);
 320     }
 321
 322     machine_opts = qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts("machine"), 0);
 323     if (machine_opts) {
 324         info->dtb_filename = qemu_opt_get(machine_opts, "dtb");
 325     } else {
 326         info->dtb_filename = NULL;
 327     }
 328
 329     if (!info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook) {
 330         info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook = default_reset_secondary;
 331     }
 332     if (!info->write_secondary_boot) {
 333         info->write_secondary_boot = default_write_secondary;
 334     }
 335
 336     if (info->nb_cpus == 0)
 337         info->nb_cpus = 1;
 338
 339 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 340     big_endian = 1;
 341 #else
 342     big_endian = 0;
 343 #endif
 344
 345     /* Assume that raw images are linux kernels, and ELF images are not.  */
 346     kernel_size = load_elf(info->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry,
 347                            NULL, NULL, big_endian, ELF_MACHINE, 1);
 348     entry = elf_entry;
 349     if (kernel_size < 0) {
 350         kernel_size = load_uimage(info->kernel_filename, &entry, NULL,
 351                                   &is_linux);
 352     }
 353     if (kernel_size < 0) {
 354         entry = info->loader_start + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
 355         kernel_size = load_image_targphys(info->kernel_filename, entry,
 356                                           ram_size - KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR);
 357         is_linux = 1;
 358     }
 359     if (kernel_size < 0) {
 360         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
 361                 info->kernel_filename);
 362         exit(1);
 363     }
 364     info->entry = entry;
 365     if (is_linux) {
 366         if (info->initrd_filename) {
 367             initrd_size = load_image_targphys(info->initrd_filename,
 368                                               info->loader_start
 369                                               + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR,
 370                                               ram_size - INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
 371             if (initrd_size < 0) {
 372                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initrd '%s'\n",
 373                         info->initrd_filename);
 374                 exit(1);
 375             }
 376         } else {
 377             initrd_size = 0;
 378         }
 379         info->initrd_size = initrd_size;
 380
 381         bootloader[4] = info->board_id;
 382
 383         /* for device tree boot, we pass the DTB directly in r2. Otherwise
 384          * we point to the kernel args.
 385          */
 386         if (info->dtb_filename) {
 387             /* Place the DTB after the initrd in memory */
 388             target_phys_addr_t dtb_start = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(info->loader_start
 389                                                              + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR
 390                                                              + initrd_size);
 391             if (load_dtb(dtb_start, info)) {
 392                 exit(1);
 393             }
 394             bootloader[5] = dtb_start;
 395         } else {
 396             bootloader[5] = info->loader_start + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
 397         }
 398         bootloader[6] = entry;
 399         for (n = 0; n < sizeof(bootloader) / 4; n++) {
 400             bootloader[n] = tswap32(bootloader[n]);
 401         }
 402         rom_add_blob_fixed("bootloader", bootloader, sizeof(bootloader),
 403                            info->loader_start);
 404         if (info->nb_cpus > 1) {
 405             info->write_secondary_boot(env, info);
 406         }
 407     }
 408     info->is_linux = is_linux;
 409
 410     for (; env; env = env->next_cpu) {
 411         cpu = arm_env_get_cpu(env);
 412         env->boot_info = info;
 413         qemu_register_reset(do_cpu_reset, cpu);
 414     }
 415 }