2 * Block driver for Hyper-V VHDX Images
4 * Copyright (c) 2013 Red Hat, Inc.,
9 * This is based on the "VHDX Format Specification v1.00", published 8/25/2012
11 * https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=34750
13 * This file covers the functionality of the metadata log writing, parsing, and
16 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, version 2 or later.
17 * See the COPYING.LIB file in the top-level directory.
20 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
21 #include "qemu-common.h"
22 #include "block/block_int.h"
23 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
24 #include "qemu/module.h"
25 #include "block/vhdx.h"
28 typedef struct VHDXLogSequence {
32 VHDXLogEntryHeader hdr;
35 typedef struct VHDXLogDescEntries {
36 VHDXLogEntryHeader hdr;
37 VHDXLogDescriptor desc[];
40 static const MSGUID zero_guid = { 0 };
42 /* The log located on the disk is circular buffer containing
43 * sectors of 4096 bytes each.
45 * It is assumed for the read/write functions below that the
46 * circular buffer scheme uses a 'one sector open' to indicate
47 * the buffer is full. Given the validation methods used for each
48 * sector, this method should be compatible with other methods that
49 * do not waste a sector.
53 /* Allow peeking at the hdr entry at the beginning of the current
54 * read index, without advancing the read index */
55 static int vhdx_log_peek_hdr(BlockDriverState *bs, VHDXLogEntries *log,
56 VHDXLogEntryHeader *hdr)
64 /* peek is only supported on sector boundaries */
65 if (log->read % VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE) {
71 /* we are guaranteed that a) log sectors are 4096 bytes,
72 * and b) the log length is a multiple of 1MB. So, there
73 * is always a round number of sectors in the buffer */
74 if ((read + sizeof(VHDXLogEntryHeader)) > log->length) {
78 if (read == log->write) {
83 offset = log->offset + read;
85 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, offset, hdr, sizeof(VHDXLogEntryHeader));
89 vhdx_log_entry_hdr_le_import(hdr);
95 /* Index increment for log, based on sector boundaries */
96 static int vhdx_log_inc_idx(uint32_t idx, uint64_t length)
98 idx += VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
99 /* we are guaranteed that a) log sectors are 4096 bytes,
100 * and b) the log length is a multiple of 1MB. So, there
101 * is always a round number of sectors in the buffer */
102 return idx >= length ? 0 : idx;
106 /* Reset the log to empty */
107 static void vhdx_log_reset(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s)
110 s->log.read = s->log.write = 0;
111 /* a log guid of 0 indicates an empty log to any parser of v0
113 vhdx_update_headers(bs, s, false, &guid);
116 /* Reads num_sectors from the log (all log sectors are 4096 bytes),
117 * into buffer 'buffer'. Upon return, *sectors_read will contain
118 * the number of sectors successfully read.
120 * It is assumed that 'buffer' is already allocated, and of sufficient
121 * size (i.e. >= 4096*num_sectors).
123 * If 'peek' is true, then the tail (read) pointer for the circular buffer is
126 * 0 is returned on success, -errno otherwise. */
127 static int vhdx_log_read_sectors(BlockDriverState *bs, VHDXLogEntries *log,
128 uint32_t *sectors_read, void *buffer,
129 uint32_t num_sectors, bool peek)
138 while (num_sectors) {
139 if (read == log->write) {
143 offset = log->offset + read;
145 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, offset, buffer, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
149 read = vhdx_log_inc_idx(read, log->length);
151 *sectors_read = *sectors_read + 1;
162 /* Writes num_sectors to the log (all log sectors are 4096 bytes),
163 * from buffer 'buffer'. Upon return, *sectors_written will contain
164 * the number of sectors successfully written.
166 * It is assumed that 'buffer' is at least 4096*num_sectors large.
168 * 0 is returned on success, -errno otherwise */
169 static int vhdx_log_write_sectors(BlockDriverState *bs, VHDXLogEntries *log,
170 uint32_t *sectors_written, void *buffer,
171 uint32_t num_sectors)
177 BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;
179 ret = vhdx_user_visible_write(bs, s);
187 while (num_sectors) {
189 offset = log->offset + write;
190 write = vhdx_log_inc_idx(write, log->length);
191 if (write == log->read) {
195 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, offset, buffer_tmp,
196 VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
200 buffer_tmp += VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
203 *sectors_written = *sectors_written + 1;
212 /* Validates a log entry header */
213 static bool vhdx_log_hdr_is_valid(VHDXLogEntries *log, VHDXLogEntryHeader *hdr,
218 if (hdr->signature != VHDX_LOG_SIGNATURE) {
222 /* if the individual entry length is larger than the whole log
223 * buffer, that is obviously invalid */
224 if (log->length < hdr->entry_length) {
228 /* length of entire entry must be in units of 4KB (log sector size) */
229 if (hdr->entry_length % (VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
233 /* per spec, sequence # must be > 0 */
234 if (hdr->sequence_number == 0) {
238 /* log entries are only valid if they match the file-wide log guid
239 * found in the active header */
240 if (!guid_eq(hdr->log_guid, s->headers[s->curr_header]->log_guid)) {
244 if (hdr->descriptor_count * sizeof(VHDXLogDescriptor) > hdr->entry_length) {
255 * Given a log header, this will validate that the descriptors and the
256 * corresponding data sectors (if applicable)
258 * Validation consists of:
259 * 1. Making sure the sequence numbers matches the entry header
260 * 2. Verifying a valid signature ('zero' or 'desc' for descriptors)
261 * 3. File offset field is a multiple of 4KB
262 * 4. If a data descriptor, the corresponding data sector
263 * has its signature ('data') and matching sequence number
265 * @desc: the data buffer containing the descriptor
266 * @hdr: the log entry header
268 * Returns true if valid
270 static bool vhdx_log_desc_is_valid(VHDXLogDescriptor *desc,
271 VHDXLogEntryHeader *hdr)
275 if (desc->sequence_number != hdr->sequence_number) {
278 if (desc->file_offset % VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE) {
282 if (desc->signature == VHDX_LOG_ZERO_SIGNATURE) {
283 if (desc->zero_length % VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE == 0) {
287 } else if (desc->signature == VHDX_LOG_DESC_SIGNATURE) {
297 /* Prior to sector data for a log entry, there is the header
298 * and the descriptors referenced in the header:
302 * [ hdr, desc ][ desc ][ ... ][ data ][ ... ]
304 * The first sector in a log entry has a 64 byte header, and
305 * up to 126 32-byte descriptors. If more descriptors than
306 * 126 are required, then subsequent sectors can have up to 128
307 * descriptors. Each sector is 4KB. Data follows the descriptor
310 * This will return the number of sectors needed to encompass
311 * the passed number of descriptors in desc_cnt.
313 * This will never return 0, even if desc_cnt is 0.
315 static int vhdx_compute_desc_sectors(uint32_t desc_cnt)
317 uint32_t desc_sectors;
319 desc_cnt += 2; /* account for header in first sector */
320 desc_sectors = desc_cnt / 128;
321 if (desc_cnt % 128) {
329 /* Reads the log header, and subsequent descriptors (if any). This
330 * will allocate all the space for buffer, which must be NULL when
331 * passed into this function. Each descriptor will also be validated,
332 * and error returned if any are invalid. */
333 static int vhdx_log_read_desc(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
334 VHDXLogEntries *log, VHDXLogDescEntries **buffer,
338 uint32_t desc_sectors;
339 uint32_t sectors_read;
340 VHDXLogEntryHeader hdr;
341 VHDXLogDescEntries *desc_entries = NULL;
342 VHDXLogDescriptor desc;
345 assert(*buffer == NULL);
347 ret = vhdx_log_peek_hdr(bs, log, &hdr);
352 if (vhdx_log_hdr_is_valid(log, &hdr, s) == false) {
357 desc_sectors = vhdx_compute_desc_sectors(hdr.descriptor_count);
358 desc_entries = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs,
359 desc_sectors * VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
360 if (desc_entries == NULL) {
365 ret = vhdx_log_read_sectors(bs, log, §ors_read, desc_entries,
366 desc_sectors, false);
370 if (sectors_read != desc_sectors) {
375 /* put in proper endianness, and validate each desc */
376 for (i = 0; i < hdr.descriptor_count; i++) {
377 desc = desc_entries->desc[i];
378 vhdx_log_desc_le_import(&desc);
379 if (convert_endian) {
380 desc_entries->desc[i] = desc;
382 if (vhdx_log_desc_is_valid(&desc, &hdr) == false) {
387 if (convert_endian) {
388 desc_entries->hdr = hdr;
391 *buffer = desc_entries;
395 qemu_vfree(desc_entries);
401 /* Flushes the descriptor described by desc to the VHDX image file.
402 * If the descriptor is a data descriptor, than 'data' must be non-NULL,
403 * and >= 4096 bytes (VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE), containing the data to be
406 * Verification is performed to make sure the sequence numbers of a data
407 * descriptor match the sequence number in the desc.
409 * For a zero descriptor, it may describe multiple sectors to fill with zeroes.
410 * In this case, it should be noted that zeroes are written to disk, and the
411 * image file is not extended as a sparse file. */
412 static int vhdx_log_flush_desc(BlockDriverState *bs, VHDXLogDescriptor *desc,
413 VHDXLogDataSector *data)
416 uint64_t seq, file_offset;
422 buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
424 if (desc->signature == VHDX_LOG_DESC_SIGNATURE) {
431 /* The sequence number of the data sector must match that
432 * in the descriptor */
433 seq = data->sequence_high;
435 seq |= data->sequence_low & 0xffffffff;
437 if (seq != desc->sequence_number) {
442 /* Each data sector is in total 4096 bytes, however the first
443 * 8 bytes, and last 4 bytes, are located in the descriptor */
444 memcpy(buffer, &desc->leading_bytes, 8);
447 memcpy(buffer+offset, data->data, 4084);
450 memcpy(buffer+offset, &desc->trailing_bytes, 4);
452 } else if (desc->signature == VHDX_LOG_ZERO_SIGNATURE) {
453 /* write 'count' sectors of sector */
454 memset(buffer, 0, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
455 count = desc->zero_length / VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
457 error_report("Invalid VHDX log descriptor entry signature 0x%" PRIx32,
463 file_offset = desc->file_offset;
465 /* count is only > 1 if we are writing zeroes */
466 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
467 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, file_offset, buffer,
468 VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
472 file_offset += VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
480 /* Flush the entire log (as described by 'logs') to the VHDX image
481 * file, and then set the log to 'empty' status once complete.
483 * The log entries should be validate prior to flushing */
484 static int vhdx_log_flush(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
485 VHDXLogSequence *logs)
489 uint32_t cnt, sectors_read;
490 uint64_t new_file_size;
492 VHDXLogDescEntries *desc_entries = NULL;
493 VHDXLogEntryHeader hdr_tmp = { 0 };
497 data = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
499 ret = vhdx_user_visible_write(bs, s);
504 /* each iteration represents one log sequence, which may span multiple
507 ret = vhdx_log_peek_hdr(bs, &logs->log, &hdr_tmp);
511 /* if the log shows a FlushedFileOffset larger than our current file
512 * size, then that means the file has been truncated / corrupted, and
513 * we must refused to open it / use it */
514 if (hdr_tmp.flushed_file_offset > bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs)) {
519 ret = vhdx_log_read_desc(bs, s, &logs->log, &desc_entries, true);
524 for (i = 0; i < desc_entries->hdr.descriptor_count; i++) {
525 if (desc_entries->desc[i].signature == VHDX_LOG_DESC_SIGNATURE) {
526 /* data sector, so read a sector to flush */
527 ret = vhdx_log_read_sectors(bs, &logs->log, §ors_read,
532 if (sectors_read != 1) {
536 vhdx_log_data_le_import(data);
539 ret = vhdx_log_flush_desc(bs, &desc_entries->desc[i], data);
544 if (bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs) < desc_entries->hdr.last_file_offset) {
545 new_file_size = desc_entries->hdr.last_file_offset;
546 if (new_file_size % (1024*1024)) {
547 /* round up to nearest 1MB boundary */
548 new_file_size = ((new_file_size >> 20) + 1) << 20;
549 bdrv_truncate(bs->file->bs, new_file_size);
552 qemu_vfree(desc_entries);
557 /* once the log is fully flushed, indicate that we have an empty log
558 * now. This also sets the log guid to 0, to indicate an empty log */
559 vhdx_log_reset(bs, s);
563 qemu_vfree(desc_entries);
567 static int vhdx_validate_log_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
568 VHDXLogEntries *log, uint64_t seq,
569 bool *valid, VHDXLogEntryHeader *entry)
572 VHDXLogEntryHeader hdr;
574 uint32_t i, desc_sectors, total_sectors, crc;
575 uint32_t sectors_read = 0;
576 VHDXLogDescEntries *desc_buffer = NULL;
580 ret = vhdx_log_peek_hdr(bs, log, &hdr);
585 if (vhdx_log_hdr_is_valid(log, &hdr, s) == false) {
590 if (hdr.sequence_number != seq + 1) {
595 desc_sectors = vhdx_compute_desc_sectors(hdr.descriptor_count);
597 /* Read all log sectors, and calculate log checksum */
599 total_sectors = hdr.entry_length / VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
602 /* read_desc() will increment the read idx */
603 ret = vhdx_log_read_desc(bs, s, log, &desc_buffer, false);
608 crc = vhdx_checksum_calc(0xffffffff, (void *)desc_buffer,
609 desc_sectors * VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE, 4);
612 buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
613 if (total_sectors > desc_sectors) {
614 for (i = 0; i < total_sectors - desc_sectors; i++) {
616 ret = vhdx_log_read_sectors(bs, log, §ors_read, buffer,
618 if (ret < 0 || sectors_read != 1) {
621 crc = vhdx_checksum_calc(crc, buffer, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE, -1);
626 if (crc != hdr.checksum) {
635 log->read = vhdx_log_inc_idx(log->read, log->length);
639 qemu_vfree(desc_buffer);
643 /* Search through the log circular buffer, and find the valid, active
644 * log sequence, if any exists
646 static int vhdx_log_search(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
647 VHDXLogSequence *logs)
651 bool seq_valid = false;
652 VHDXLogSequence candidate = { 0 };
653 VHDXLogEntryHeader hdr = { 0 };
654 VHDXLogEntries curr_log;
656 memcpy(&curr_log, &s->log, sizeof(VHDXLogEntries));
657 curr_log.write = curr_log.length; /* assume log is full */
661 /* now we will go through the whole log sector by sector, until
662 * we find a valid, active log sequence, or reach the end of the
665 uint64_t curr_seq = 0;
666 VHDXLogSequence current = { 0 };
668 tail = curr_log.read;
670 ret = vhdx_validate_log_entry(bs, s, &curr_log, curr_seq,
677 current.valid = true;
678 current.log = curr_log;
679 current.log.read = tail;
680 current.log.write = curr_log.read;
686 ret = vhdx_validate_log_entry(bs, s, &curr_log, curr_seq,
691 if (seq_valid == false) {
694 current.log.write = curr_log.read;
697 curr_seq = hdr.sequence_number;
702 if (candidate.valid == false ||
703 current.hdr.sequence_number > candidate.hdr.sequence_number) {
708 if (curr_log.read < tail) {
715 if (candidate.valid) {
716 /* this is the next sequence number, for writes */
717 s->log.sequence = candidate.hdr.sequence_number + 1;
725 /* Parse the replay log. Per the VHDX spec, if the log is present
726 * it must be replayed prior to opening the file, even read-only.
728 * If read-only, we must replay the log in RAM (or refuse to open
729 * a dirty VHDX file read-only) */
730 int vhdx_parse_log(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s, bool *flushed,
735 VHDXLogSequence logs = { 0 };
737 hdr = s->headers[s->curr_header];
741 /* s->log.hdr is freed in vhdx_close() */
742 if (s->log.hdr == NULL) {
743 s->log.hdr = qemu_blockalign(bs, sizeof(VHDXLogEntryHeader));
746 s->log.offset = hdr->log_offset;
747 s->log.length = hdr->log_length;
749 if (s->log.offset < VHDX_LOG_MIN_SIZE ||
750 s->log.offset % VHDX_LOG_MIN_SIZE) {
755 /* per spec, only log version of 0 is supported */
756 if (hdr->log_version != 0) {
761 /* If either the log guid, or log length is zero,
762 * then a replay log is not present */
763 if (guid_eq(hdr->log_guid, zero_guid)) {
767 if (hdr->log_length == 0) {
771 if (hdr->log_length % VHDX_LOG_MIN_SIZE) {
777 /* The log is present, we need to find if and where there is an active
778 * sequence of valid entries present in the log. */
780 ret = vhdx_log_search(bs, s, &logs);
789 "VHDX image file '%s' opened read-only, but "
790 "contains a log that needs to be replayed",
792 error_append_hint(errp, "To replay the log, run:\n"
793 "qemu-img check -r all '%s'\n",
797 /* now flush the log */
798 ret = vhdx_log_flush(bs, s, &logs);
812 static void vhdx_log_raw_to_le_sector(VHDXLogDescriptor *desc,
813 VHDXLogDataSector *sector, void *data,
816 /* 8 + 4084 + 4 = 4096, 1 log sector */
817 memcpy(&desc->leading_bytes, data, 8);
819 cpu_to_le64s(&desc->leading_bytes);
820 memcpy(sector->data, data, 4084);
822 memcpy(&desc->trailing_bytes, data, 4);
823 cpu_to_le32s(&desc->trailing_bytes);
826 sector->sequence_high = (uint32_t) (seq >> 32);
827 sector->sequence_low = (uint32_t) (seq & 0xffffffff);
828 sector->data_signature = VHDX_LOG_DATA_SIGNATURE;
830 vhdx_log_desc_le_export(desc);
831 vhdx_log_data_le_export(sector);
835 static int vhdx_log_write(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
836 void *data, uint32_t length, uint64_t offset)
840 void *merged_sector = NULL;
841 void *data_tmp, *sector_write;
844 uint32_t desc_sectors, sectors, total_length;
845 uint32_t sectors_written = 0;
846 uint32_t aligned_length;
847 uint32_t leading_length = 0;
848 uint32_t trailing_length = 0;
849 uint32_t partial_sectors = 0;
850 uint32_t bytes_written = 0;
851 uint64_t file_offset;
853 VHDXLogEntryHeader new_hdr;
854 VHDXLogDescriptor *new_desc = NULL;
855 VHDXLogDataSector *data_sector = NULL;
856 MSGUID new_guid = { 0 };
858 header = s->headers[s->curr_header];
860 /* need to have offset read data, and be on 4096 byte boundary */
862 if (length > header->log_length) {
863 /* no log present. we could create a log here instead of failing */
868 if (guid_eq(header->log_guid, zero_guid)) {
869 vhdx_guid_generate(&new_guid);
870 vhdx_update_headers(bs, s, false, &new_guid);
872 /* currently, we require that the log be flushed after
878 /* 0 is an invalid sequence number, but may also represent the first
879 * log write (or a wrapped seq) */
880 if (s->log.sequence == 0) {
884 sector_offset = offset % VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
885 file_offset = (offset / VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE) * VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
887 aligned_length = length;
889 /* add in the unaligned head and tail bytes */
891 leading_length = (VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE - sector_offset);
892 leading_length = leading_length > length ? length : leading_length;
893 aligned_length -= leading_length;
897 sectors = aligned_length / VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
898 trailing_length = aligned_length - (sectors * VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
899 if (trailing_length) {
903 sectors += partial_sectors;
905 /* sectors is now how many sectors the data itself takes, not
906 * including the header and descriptor metadata */
908 new_hdr = (VHDXLogEntryHeader) {
909 .signature = VHDX_LOG_SIGNATURE,
911 .sequence_number = s->log.sequence,
912 .descriptor_count = sectors,
914 .flushed_file_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs),
915 .last_file_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs),
918 new_hdr.log_guid = header->log_guid;
920 desc_sectors = vhdx_compute_desc_sectors(new_hdr.descriptor_count);
922 total_length = (desc_sectors + sectors) * VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
923 new_hdr.entry_length = total_length;
925 vhdx_log_entry_hdr_le_export(&new_hdr);
927 buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, total_length);
928 memcpy(buffer, &new_hdr, sizeof(new_hdr));
930 new_desc = buffer + sizeof(new_hdr);
931 data_sector = buffer + (desc_sectors * VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
934 /* All log sectors are 4KB, so for any partial sectors we must
935 * merge the data with preexisting data from the final file
937 merged_sector = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
939 for (i = 0; i < sectors; i++) {
940 new_desc->signature = VHDX_LOG_DESC_SIGNATURE;
941 new_desc->sequence_number = s->log.sequence;
942 new_desc->file_offset = file_offset;
944 if (i == 0 && leading_length) {
945 /* partial sector at the front of the buffer */
946 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, file_offset, merged_sector,
947 VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE);
951 memcpy(merged_sector + sector_offset, data_tmp, leading_length);
952 bytes_written = leading_length;
953 sector_write = merged_sector;
954 } else if (i == sectors - 1 && trailing_length) {
955 /* partial sector at the end of the buffer */
956 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs,
958 merged_sector + trailing_length,
959 VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE - trailing_length);
963 memcpy(merged_sector, data_tmp, trailing_length);
964 bytes_written = trailing_length;
965 sector_write = merged_sector;
967 bytes_written = VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
968 sector_write = data_tmp;
971 /* populate the raw sector data into the proper structures,
972 * as well as update the descriptor, and convert to proper
974 vhdx_log_raw_to_le_sector(new_desc, data_sector, sector_write,
977 data_tmp += bytes_written;
980 file_offset += VHDX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE;
983 /* checksum covers entire entry, from the log header through the
984 * last data sector */
985 vhdx_update_checksum(buffer, total_length,
986 offsetof(VHDXLogEntryHeader, checksum));
988 /* now write to the log */
989 ret = vhdx_log_write_sectors(bs, &s->log, §ors_written, buffer,
990 desc_sectors + sectors);
995 if (sectors_written != desc_sectors + sectors) {
996 /* instead of failing, we could flush the log here */
1002 /* write new tail */
1003 s->log.tail = s->log.write;
1007 qemu_vfree(merged_sector);
1011 /* Perform a log write, and then immediately flush the entire log */
1012 int vhdx_log_write_and_flush(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
1013 void *data, uint32_t length, uint64_t offset)
1016 VHDXLogSequence logs = { .valid = true,
1021 /* Make sure data written (new and/or changed blocks) is stable
1022 * on disk, before creating log entry */
1024 ret = vhdx_log_write(bs, s, data, length, offset);
1030 /* Make sure log is stable on disk */
1032 ret = vhdx_log_flush(bs, s, &logs);