2 * QEMU System Emulator block driver
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
25 #include "block/trace.h"
26 #include "block/block_int.h"
27 #include "block/blockjob.h"
28 #include "block/nbd.h"
29 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
30 #include "module_block.h"
31 #include "qemu/module.h"
32 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
33 #include "qapi/qmp/qbool.h"
34 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
35 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
36 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
37 #include "qemu/notify.h"
38 #include "qemu/coroutine.h"
39 #include "block/qapi.h"
40 #include "qmp-commands.h"
41 #include "qemu/timer.h"
42 #include "qapi-event.h"
43 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
45 #include "qapi/util.h"
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/queue.h>
59 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff /* used while emulated sync operation in progress */
61 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, BlockDriverState) graph_bdrv_states =
62 QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(graph_bdrv_states);
64 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, BlockDriverState) all_bdrv_states =
65 QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(all_bdrv_states);
67 static QLIST_HEAD(, BlockDriver) bdrv_drivers =
68 QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdrv_drivers);
70 static BlockDriverState *bdrv_open_inherit(const char *filename,
71 const char *reference,
72 QDict *options, int flags,
73 BlockDriverState *parent,
74 const BdrvChildRole *child_role,
77 /* If non-zero, use only whitelisted block drivers */
78 static int use_bdrv_whitelist;
81 static int is_windows_drive_prefix(const char *filename)
83 return (((filename[0] >= 'a' && filename[0] <= 'z') ||
84 (filename[0] >= 'A' && filename[0] <= 'Z')) &&
88 int is_windows_drive(const char *filename)
90 if (is_windows_drive_prefix(filename) &&
93 if (strstart(filename, "\\\\.\\", NULL) ||
94 strstart(filename, "//./", NULL))
100 size_t bdrv_opt_mem_align(BlockDriverState *bs)
102 if (!bs || !bs->drv) {
103 /* page size or 4k (hdd sector size) should be on the safe side */
104 return MAX(4096, getpagesize());
107 return bs->bl.opt_mem_alignment;
110 size_t bdrv_min_mem_align(BlockDriverState *bs)
112 if (!bs || !bs->drv) {
113 /* page size or 4k (hdd sector size) should be on the safe side */
114 return MAX(4096, getpagesize());
117 return bs->bl.min_mem_alignment;
120 /* check if the path starts with "<protocol>:" */
121 int path_has_protocol(const char *path)
126 if (is_windows_drive(path) ||
127 is_windows_drive_prefix(path)) {
130 p = path + strcspn(path, ":/\\");
132 p = path + strcspn(path, ":/");
138 int path_is_absolute(const char *path)
141 /* specific case for names like: "\\.\d:" */
142 if (is_windows_drive(path) || is_windows_drive_prefix(path)) {
145 return (*path == '/' || *path == '\\');
147 return (*path == '/');
151 /* if filename is absolute, just copy it to dest. Otherwise, build a
152 path to it by considering it is relative to base_path. URL are
154 void path_combine(char *dest, int dest_size,
155 const char *base_path,
156 const char *filename)
163 if (path_is_absolute(filename)) {
164 pstrcpy(dest, dest_size, filename);
166 p = strchr(base_path, ':');
171 p1 = strrchr(base_path, '/');
175 p2 = strrchr(base_path, '\\');
187 if (len > dest_size - 1)
189 memcpy(dest, base_path, len);
191 pstrcat(dest, dest_size, filename);
195 void bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(const char *backed,
197 char *dest, size_t sz,
200 if (backing[0] == '\0' || path_has_protocol(backing) ||
201 path_is_absolute(backing))
203 pstrcpy(dest, sz, backing);
204 } else if (backed[0] == '\0' || strstart(backed, "json:", NULL)) {
205 error_setg(errp, "Cannot use relative backing file names for '%s'",
208 path_combine(dest, sz, backed, backing);
212 void bdrv_get_full_backing_filename(BlockDriverState *bs, char *dest, size_t sz,
215 char *backed = bs->exact_filename[0] ? bs->exact_filename : bs->filename;
217 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(backed, bs->backing_file,
221 void bdrv_register(BlockDriver *bdrv)
223 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bdrv_drivers, bdrv, list);
226 BlockDriverState *bdrv_new(void)
228 BlockDriverState *bs;
231 bs = g_new0(BlockDriverState, 1);
232 QLIST_INIT(&bs->dirty_bitmaps);
233 for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
234 QLIST_INIT(&bs->op_blockers[i]);
236 notifier_with_return_list_init(&bs->before_write_notifiers);
238 bs->aio_context = qemu_get_aio_context();
240 qemu_co_queue_init(&bs->flush_queue);
242 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&all_bdrv_states, bs, bs_list);
247 static BlockDriver *bdrv_do_find_format(const char *format_name)
251 QLIST_FOREACH(drv1, &bdrv_drivers, list) {
252 if (!strcmp(drv1->format_name, format_name)) {
260 BlockDriver *bdrv_find_format(const char *format_name)
265 drv1 = bdrv_do_find_format(format_name);
270 /* The driver isn't registered, maybe we need to load a module */
271 for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(block_driver_modules); ++i) {
272 if (!strcmp(block_driver_modules[i].format_name, format_name)) {
273 block_module_load_one(block_driver_modules[i].library_name);
278 return bdrv_do_find_format(format_name);
281 static int bdrv_is_whitelisted(BlockDriver *drv, bool read_only)
283 static const char *whitelist_rw[] = {
284 CONFIG_BDRV_RW_WHITELIST
286 static const char *whitelist_ro[] = {
287 CONFIG_BDRV_RO_WHITELIST
291 if (!whitelist_rw[0] && !whitelist_ro[0]) {
292 return 1; /* no whitelist, anything goes */
295 for (p = whitelist_rw; *p; p++) {
296 if (!strcmp(drv->format_name, *p)) {
301 for (p = whitelist_ro; *p; p++) {
302 if (!strcmp(drv->format_name, *p)) {
310 bool bdrv_uses_whitelist(void)
312 return use_bdrv_whitelist;
315 typedef struct CreateCo {
323 static void coroutine_fn bdrv_create_co_entry(void *opaque)
325 Error *local_err = NULL;
328 CreateCo *cco = opaque;
331 ret = cco->drv->bdrv_create(cco->filename, cco->opts, &local_err);
332 error_propagate(&cco->err, local_err);
336 int bdrv_create(BlockDriver *drv, const char* filename,
337 QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
344 .filename = g_strdup(filename),
350 if (!drv->bdrv_create) {
351 error_setg(errp, "Driver '%s' does not support image creation", drv->format_name);
356 if (qemu_in_coroutine()) {
357 /* Fast-path if already in coroutine context */
358 bdrv_create_co_entry(&cco);
360 co = qemu_coroutine_create(bdrv_create_co_entry, &cco);
361 qemu_coroutine_enter(co);
362 while (cco.ret == NOT_DONE) {
363 aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), true);
370 error_propagate(errp, cco.err);
372 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not create image");
377 g_free(cco.filename);
381 int bdrv_create_file(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
384 Error *local_err = NULL;
387 drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, errp);
392 ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, opts, &local_err);
393 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
398 * Try to get @bs's logical and physical block size.
399 * On success, store them in @bsz struct and return 0.
400 * On failure return -errno.
401 * @bs must not be empty.
403 int bdrv_probe_blocksizes(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockSizes *bsz)
405 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
407 if (drv && drv->bdrv_probe_blocksizes) {
408 return drv->bdrv_probe_blocksizes(bs, bsz);
415 * Try to get @bs's geometry (cyls, heads, sectors).
416 * On success, store them in @geo struct and return 0.
417 * On failure return -errno.
418 * @bs must not be empty.
420 int bdrv_probe_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, HDGeometry *geo)
422 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
424 if (drv && drv->bdrv_probe_geometry) {
425 return drv->bdrv_probe_geometry(bs, geo);
432 * Create a uniquely-named empty temporary file.
433 * Return 0 upon success, otherwise a negative errno value.
435 int get_tmp_filename(char *filename, int size)
438 char temp_dir[MAX_PATH];
439 /* GetTempFileName requires that its output buffer (4th param)
440 have length MAX_PATH or greater. */
441 assert(size >= MAX_PATH);
442 return (GetTempPath(MAX_PATH, temp_dir)
443 && GetTempFileName(temp_dir, "qem", 0, filename)
444 ? 0 : -GetLastError());
448 tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR");
452 if (snprintf(filename, size, "%s/vl.XXXXXX", tmpdir) >= size) {
455 fd = mkstemp(filename);
459 if (close(fd) != 0) {
468 * Detect host devices. By convention, /dev/cdrom[N] is always
469 * recognized as a host CDROM.
471 static BlockDriver *find_hdev_driver(const char *filename)
473 int score_max = 0, score;
474 BlockDriver *drv = NULL, *d;
476 QLIST_FOREACH(d, &bdrv_drivers, list) {
477 if (d->bdrv_probe_device) {
478 score = d->bdrv_probe_device(filename);
479 if (score > score_max) {
489 static BlockDriver *bdrv_do_find_protocol(const char *protocol)
493 QLIST_FOREACH(drv1, &bdrv_drivers, list) {
494 if (drv1->protocol_name && !strcmp(drv1->protocol_name, protocol)) {
502 BlockDriver *bdrv_find_protocol(const char *filename,
503 bool allow_protocol_prefix,
512 /* TODO Drivers without bdrv_file_open must be specified explicitly */
515 * XXX(hch): we really should not let host device detection
516 * override an explicit protocol specification, but moving this
517 * later breaks access to device names with colons in them.
518 * Thanks to the brain-dead persistent naming schemes on udev-
519 * based Linux systems those actually are quite common.
521 drv1 = find_hdev_driver(filename);
526 if (!path_has_protocol(filename) || !allow_protocol_prefix) {
530 p = strchr(filename, ':');
533 if (len > sizeof(protocol) - 1)
534 len = sizeof(protocol) - 1;
535 memcpy(protocol, filename, len);
536 protocol[len] = '\0';
538 drv1 = bdrv_do_find_protocol(protocol);
543 for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(block_driver_modules); ++i) {
544 if (block_driver_modules[i].protocol_name &&
545 !strcmp(block_driver_modules[i].protocol_name, protocol)) {
546 block_module_load_one(block_driver_modules[i].library_name);
551 drv1 = bdrv_do_find_protocol(protocol);
553 error_setg(errp, "Unknown protocol '%s'", protocol);
559 * Guess image format by probing its contents.
560 * This is not a good idea when your image is raw (CVE-2008-2004), but
561 * we do it anyway for backward compatibility.
563 * @buf contains the image's first @buf_size bytes.
564 * @buf_size is the buffer size in bytes (generally BLOCK_PROBE_BUF_SIZE,
565 * but can be smaller if the image file is smaller)
566 * @filename is its filename.
568 * For all block drivers, call the bdrv_probe() method to get its
570 * Return the first block driver with the highest probing score.
572 BlockDriver *bdrv_probe_all(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size,
573 const char *filename)
575 int score_max = 0, score;
576 BlockDriver *drv = NULL, *d;
578 QLIST_FOREACH(d, &bdrv_drivers, list) {
580 score = d->bdrv_probe(buf, buf_size, filename);
581 if (score > score_max) {
591 static int find_image_format(BlockBackend *file, const char *filename,
592 BlockDriver **pdrv, Error **errp)
595 uint8_t buf[BLOCK_PROBE_BUF_SIZE];
598 /* Return the raw BlockDriver * to scsi-generic devices or empty drives */
599 if (blk_is_sg(file) || !blk_is_inserted(file) || blk_getlength(file) == 0) {
604 ret = blk_pread(file, 0, buf, sizeof(buf));
606 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read image for determining its "
612 drv = bdrv_probe_all(buf, ret, filename);
614 error_setg(errp, "Could not determine image format: No compatible "
623 * Set the current 'total_sectors' value
624 * Return 0 on success, -errno on error.
626 static int refresh_total_sectors(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t hint)
628 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
630 /* Do not attempt drv->bdrv_getlength() on scsi-generic devices */
634 /* query actual device if possible, otherwise just trust the hint */
635 if (drv->bdrv_getlength) {
636 int64_t length = drv->bdrv_getlength(bs);
640 hint = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
643 bs->total_sectors = hint;
648 * Combines a QDict of new block driver @options with any missing options taken
649 * from @old_options, so that leaving out an option defaults to its old value.
651 static void bdrv_join_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
654 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->bdrv_join_options) {
655 bs->drv->bdrv_join_options(options, old_options);
657 qdict_join(options, old_options, false);
662 * Set open flags for a given discard mode
664 * Return 0 on success, -1 if the discard mode was invalid.
666 int bdrv_parse_discard_flags(const char *mode, int *flags)
668 *flags &= ~BDRV_O_UNMAP;
670 if (!strcmp(mode, "off") || !strcmp(mode, "ignore")) {
672 } else if (!strcmp(mode, "on") || !strcmp(mode, "unmap")) {
673 *flags |= BDRV_O_UNMAP;
682 * Set open flags for a given cache mode
684 * Return 0 on success, -1 if the cache mode was invalid.
686 int bdrv_parse_cache_mode(const char *mode, int *flags, bool *writethrough)
688 *flags &= ~BDRV_O_CACHE_MASK;
690 if (!strcmp(mode, "off") || !strcmp(mode, "none")) {
691 *writethrough = false;
692 *flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
693 } else if (!strcmp(mode, "directsync")) {
694 *writethrough = true;
695 *flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
696 } else if (!strcmp(mode, "writeback")) {
697 *writethrough = false;
698 } else if (!strcmp(mode, "unsafe")) {
699 *writethrough = false;
700 *flags |= BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH;
701 } else if (!strcmp(mode, "writethrough")) {
702 *writethrough = true;
710 static char *bdrv_child_get_parent_desc(BdrvChild *c)
712 BlockDriverState *parent = c->opaque;
713 return g_strdup(bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(parent));
716 static void bdrv_child_cb_drained_begin(BdrvChild *child)
718 BlockDriverState *bs = child->opaque;
719 bdrv_drained_begin(bs);
722 static void bdrv_child_cb_drained_end(BdrvChild *child)
724 BlockDriverState *bs = child->opaque;
725 bdrv_drained_end(bs);
729 * Returns the options and flags that a temporary snapshot should get, based on
730 * the originally requested flags (the originally requested image will have
731 * flags like a backing file)
733 static void bdrv_temp_snapshot_options(int *child_flags, QDict *child_options,
734 int parent_flags, QDict *parent_options)
736 *child_flags = (parent_flags & ~BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT) | BDRV_O_TEMPORARY;
738 /* For temporary files, unconditional cache=unsafe is fine */
739 qdict_set_default_str(child_options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT, "off");
740 qdict_set_default_str(child_options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH, "on");
742 /* Copy the read-only option from the parent */
743 qdict_copy_default(child_options, parent_options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY);
745 /* aio=native doesn't work for cache.direct=off, so disable it for the
746 * temporary snapshot */
747 *child_flags &= ~BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
751 * Returns the options and flags that bs->file should get if a protocol driver
752 * is expected, based on the given options and flags for the parent BDS
754 static void bdrv_inherited_options(int *child_flags, QDict *child_options,
755 int parent_flags, QDict *parent_options)
757 int flags = parent_flags;
759 /* Enable protocol handling, disable format probing for bs->file */
760 flags |= BDRV_O_PROTOCOL;
762 /* If the cache mode isn't explicitly set, inherit direct and no-flush from
764 qdict_copy_default(child_options, parent_options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT);
765 qdict_copy_default(child_options, parent_options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH);
767 /* Inherit the read-only option from the parent if it's not set */
768 qdict_copy_default(child_options, parent_options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY);
770 /* Our block drivers take care to send flushes and respect unmap policy,
771 * so we can default to enable both on lower layers regardless of the
772 * corresponding parent options. */
773 qdict_set_default_str(child_options, BDRV_OPT_DISCARD, "unmap");
775 /* Clear flags that only apply to the top layer */
776 flags &= ~(BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ |
779 *child_flags = flags;
782 const BdrvChildRole child_file = {
783 .get_parent_desc = bdrv_child_get_parent_desc,
784 .inherit_options = bdrv_inherited_options,
785 .drained_begin = bdrv_child_cb_drained_begin,
786 .drained_end = bdrv_child_cb_drained_end,
790 * Returns the options and flags that bs->file should get if the use of formats
791 * (and not only protocols) is permitted for it, based on the given options and
792 * flags for the parent BDS
794 static void bdrv_inherited_fmt_options(int *child_flags, QDict *child_options,
795 int parent_flags, QDict *parent_options)
797 child_file.inherit_options(child_flags, child_options,
798 parent_flags, parent_options);
800 *child_flags &= ~(BDRV_O_PROTOCOL | BDRV_O_NO_IO);
803 const BdrvChildRole child_format = {
804 .get_parent_desc = bdrv_child_get_parent_desc,
805 .inherit_options = bdrv_inherited_fmt_options,
806 .drained_begin = bdrv_child_cb_drained_begin,
807 .drained_end = bdrv_child_cb_drained_end,
811 * Returns the options and flags that bs->backing should get, based on the
812 * given options and flags for the parent BDS
814 static void bdrv_backing_options(int *child_flags, QDict *child_options,
815 int parent_flags, QDict *parent_options)
817 int flags = parent_flags;
819 /* The cache mode is inherited unmodified for backing files; except WCE,
820 * which is only applied on the top level (BlockBackend) */
821 qdict_copy_default(child_options, parent_options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT);
822 qdict_copy_default(child_options, parent_options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH);
824 /* backing files always opened read-only */
825 qdict_set_default_str(child_options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY, "on");
826 flags &= ~BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ;
828 /* snapshot=on is handled on the top layer */
829 flags &= ~(BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT | BDRV_O_TEMPORARY);
831 *child_flags = flags;
834 const BdrvChildRole child_backing = {
835 .get_parent_desc = bdrv_child_get_parent_desc,
836 .inherit_options = bdrv_backing_options,
837 .drained_begin = bdrv_child_cb_drained_begin,
838 .drained_end = bdrv_child_cb_drained_end,
841 static int bdrv_open_flags(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags)
843 int open_flags = flags;
846 * Clear flags that are internal to the block layer before opening the
849 open_flags &= ~(BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL);
852 * Snapshots should be writable.
854 if (flags & BDRV_O_TEMPORARY) {
855 open_flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
861 static void update_flags_from_options(int *flags, QemuOpts *opts)
863 *flags &= ~BDRV_O_CACHE_MASK;
865 assert(qemu_opt_find(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH));
866 if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH, false)) {
867 *flags |= BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH;
870 assert(qemu_opt_find(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT));
871 if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT, false)) {
872 *flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
875 *flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
877 assert(qemu_opt_find(opts, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY));
878 if (!qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY, false)) {
879 *flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
884 static void update_options_from_flags(QDict *options, int flags)
886 if (!qdict_haskey(options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT)) {
887 qdict_put(options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT,
888 qbool_from_bool(flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE));
890 if (!qdict_haskey(options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH)) {
891 qdict_put(options, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH,
892 qbool_from_bool(flags & BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH));
894 if (!qdict_haskey(options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY)) {
895 qdict_put(options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY,
896 qbool_from_bool(!(flags & BDRV_O_RDWR)));
900 static void bdrv_assign_node_name(BlockDriverState *bs,
901 const char *node_name,
904 char *gen_node_name = NULL;
907 node_name = gen_node_name = id_generate(ID_BLOCK);
908 } else if (!id_wellformed(node_name)) {
910 * Check for empty string or invalid characters, but not if it is
911 * generated (generated names use characters not available to the user)
913 error_setg(errp, "Invalid node name");
917 /* takes care of avoiding namespaces collisions */
918 if (blk_by_name(node_name)) {
919 error_setg(errp, "node-name=%s is conflicting with a device id",
924 /* takes care of avoiding duplicates node names */
925 if (bdrv_find_node(node_name)) {
926 error_setg(errp, "Duplicate node name");
930 /* copy node name into the bs and insert it into the graph list */
931 pstrcpy(bs->node_name, sizeof(bs->node_name), node_name);
932 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&graph_bdrv_states, bs, node_list);
934 g_free(gen_node_name);
937 static int bdrv_open_driver(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriver *drv,
938 const char *node_name, QDict *options,
939 int open_flags, Error **errp)
941 Error *local_err = NULL;
944 bdrv_assign_node_name(bs, node_name, &local_err);
946 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
951 bs->read_only = !(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR);
952 bs->opaque = g_malloc0(drv->instance_size);
954 if (drv->bdrv_file_open) {
955 assert(!drv->bdrv_needs_filename || bs->filename[0]);
956 ret = drv->bdrv_file_open(bs, options, open_flags, &local_err);
957 } else if (drv->bdrv_open) {
958 ret = drv->bdrv_open(bs, options, open_flags, &local_err);
965 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
966 } else if (bs->filename[0]) {
967 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not open '%s'", bs->filename);
969 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not open image");
974 ret = refresh_total_sectors(bs, bs->total_sectors);
976 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not refresh total sector count");
980 bdrv_refresh_limits(bs, &local_err);
982 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
987 assert(bdrv_opt_mem_align(bs) != 0);
988 assert(bdrv_min_mem_align(bs) != 0);
989 assert(is_power_of_2(bs->bl.request_alignment));
994 /* FIXME Close bs first if already opened*/
1001 BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open_driver(BlockDriver *drv, const char *node_name,
1002 int flags, Error **errp)
1004 BlockDriverState *bs;
1008 bs->open_flags = flags;
1009 bs->explicit_options = qdict_new();
1010 bs->options = qdict_new();
1013 update_options_from_flags(bs->options, flags);
1015 ret = bdrv_open_driver(bs, drv, node_name, bs->options, flags, errp);
1017 QDECREF(bs->explicit_options);
1018 QDECREF(bs->options);
1026 QemuOptsList bdrv_runtime_opts = {
1027 .name = "bdrv_common",
1028 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdrv_runtime_opts.head),
1031 .name = "node-name",
1032 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1033 .help = "Node name of the block device node",
1037 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1038 .help = "Block driver to use for the node",
1041 .name = BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT,
1042 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1043 .help = "Bypass software writeback cache on the host",
1046 .name = BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH,
1047 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1048 .help = "Ignore flush requests",
1051 .name = BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY,
1052 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1053 .help = "Node is opened in read-only mode",
1056 .name = "detect-zeroes",
1057 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1058 .help = "try to optimize zero writes (off, on, unmap)",
1062 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1063 .help = "discard operation (ignore/off, unmap/on)",
1065 { /* end of list */ }
1070 * Common part for opening disk images and files
1072 * Removes all processed options from *options.
1074 static int bdrv_open_common(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockBackend *file,
1075 QDict *options, Error **errp)
1077 int ret, open_flags;
1078 const char *filename;
1079 const char *driver_name = NULL;
1080 const char *node_name = NULL;
1081 const char *discard;
1082 const char *detect_zeroes;
1085 Error *local_err = NULL;
1087 assert(bs->file == NULL);
1088 assert(options != NULL && bs->options != options);
1090 opts = qemu_opts_create(&bdrv_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
1091 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
1093 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1098 update_flags_from_options(&bs->open_flags, opts);
1100 driver_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
1101 drv = bdrv_find_format(driver_name);
1102 assert(drv != NULL);
1105 filename = blk_bs(file)->filename;
1107 filename = qdict_get_try_str(options, "filename");
1110 if (drv->bdrv_needs_filename && !filename) {
1111 error_setg(errp, "The '%s' block driver requires a file name",
1117 trace_bdrv_open_common(bs, filename ?: "", bs->open_flags,
1120 bs->read_only = !(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR);
1122 if (use_bdrv_whitelist && !bdrv_is_whitelisted(drv, bs->read_only)) {
1124 !bs->read_only && bdrv_is_whitelisted(drv, true)
1125 ? "Driver '%s' can only be used for read-only devices"
1126 : "Driver '%s' is not whitelisted",
1132 assert(bs->copy_on_read == 0); /* bdrv_new() and bdrv_close() make it so */
1133 if (bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ) {
1134 if (!bs->read_only) {
1135 bdrv_enable_copy_on_read(bs);
1137 error_setg(errp, "Can't use copy-on-read on read-only device");
1143 discard = qemu_opt_get(opts, "discard");
1144 if (discard != NULL) {
1145 if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(discard, &bs->open_flags) != 0) {
1146 error_setg(errp, "Invalid discard option");
1152 detect_zeroes = qemu_opt_get(opts, "detect-zeroes");
1153 if (detect_zeroes) {
1154 BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions value =
1155 qapi_enum_parse(BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions_lookup,
1157 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS__MAX,
1158 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF,
1161 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1166 if (value == BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_UNMAP &&
1167 !(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP))
1169 error_setg(errp, "setting detect-zeroes to unmap is not allowed "
1170 "without setting discard operation to unmap");
1175 bs->detect_zeroes = value;
1178 if (filename != NULL) {
1179 pstrcpy(bs->filename, sizeof(bs->filename), filename);
1181 bs->filename[0] = '\0';
1183 pstrcpy(bs->exact_filename, sizeof(bs->exact_filename), bs->filename);
1185 /* Open the image, either directly or using a protocol */
1186 open_flags = bdrv_open_flags(bs, bs->open_flags);
1187 node_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "node-name");
1189 assert(!drv->bdrv_file_open || file == NULL);
1190 ret = bdrv_open_driver(bs, drv, node_name, options, open_flags, errp);
1195 qemu_opts_del(opts);
1199 qemu_opts_del(opts);
1203 static QDict *parse_json_filename(const char *filename, Error **errp)
1205 QObject *options_obj;
1209 ret = strstart(filename, "json:", &filename);
1212 options_obj = qobject_from_json(filename);
1214 error_setg(errp, "Could not parse the JSON options");
1218 options = qobject_to_qdict(options_obj);
1220 qobject_decref(options_obj);
1221 error_setg(errp, "Invalid JSON object given");
1225 qdict_flatten(options);
1230 static void parse_json_protocol(QDict *options, const char **pfilename,
1233 QDict *json_options;
1234 Error *local_err = NULL;
1236 /* Parse json: pseudo-protocol */
1237 if (!*pfilename || !g_str_has_prefix(*pfilename, "json:")) {
1241 json_options = parse_json_filename(*pfilename, &local_err);
1243 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1247 /* Options given in the filename have lower priority than options
1248 * specified directly */
1249 qdict_join(options, json_options, false);
1250 QDECREF(json_options);
1255 * Fills in default options for opening images and converts the legacy
1256 * filename/flags pair to option QDict entries.
1257 * The BDRV_O_PROTOCOL flag in *flags will be set or cleared accordingly if a
1258 * block driver has been specified explicitly.
1260 static int bdrv_fill_options(QDict **options, const char *filename,
1261 int *flags, Error **errp)
1263 const char *drvname;
1264 bool protocol = *flags & BDRV_O_PROTOCOL;
1265 bool parse_filename = false;
1266 BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
1267 Error *local_err = NULL;
1269 drvname = qdict_get_try_str(*options, "driver");
1271 drv = bdrv_find_format(drvname);
1273 error_setg(errp, "Unknown driver '%s'", drvname);
1276 /* If the user has explicitly specified the driver, this choice should
1277 * override the BDRV_O_PROTOCOL flag */
1278 protocol = drv->bdrv_file_open;
1282 *flags |= BDRV_O_PROTOCOL;
1284 *flags &= ~BDRV_O_PROTOCOL;
1287 /* Translate cache options from flags into options */
1288 update_options_from_flags(*options, *flags);
1290 /* Fetch the file name from the options QDict if necessary */
1291 if (protocol && filename) {
1292 if (!qdict_haskey(*options, "filename")) {
1293 qdict_put(*options, "filename", qstring_from_str(filename));
1294 parse_filename = true;
1296 error_setg(errp, "Can't specify 'file' and 'filename' options at "
1302 /* Find the right block driver */
1303 filename = qdict_get_try_str(*options, "filename");
1305 if (!drvname && protocol) {
1307 drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, parse_filename, errp);
1312 drvname = drv->format_name;
1313 qdict_put(*options, "driver", qstring_from_str(drvname));
1315 error_setg(errp, "Must specify either driver or file");
1320 assert(drv || !protocol);
1322 /* Driver-specific filename parsing */
1323 if (drv && drv->bdrv_parse_filename && parse_filename) {
1324 drv->bdrv_parse_filename(filename, *options, &local_err);
1326 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1330 if (!drv->bdrv_needs_filename) {
1331 qdict_del(*options, "filename");
1339 * Check whether permissions on this node can be changed in a way that
1340 * @cumulative_perms and @cumulative_shared_perms are the new cumulative
1341 * permissions of all its parents. This involves checking whether all necessary
1342 * permission changes to child nodes can be performed.
1344 * A call to this function must always be followed by a call to bdrv_set_perm()
1345 * or bdrv_abort_perm_update().
1347 static int bdrv_check_perm(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cumulative_perms,
1348 uint64_t cumulative_shared_perms, Error **errp)
1350 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
1354 /* Write permissions never work with read-only images */
1355 if ((cumulative_perms & (BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED)) &&
1356 bdrv_is_read_only(bs))
1358 error_setg(errp, "Block node is read-only");
1362 /* Check this node */
1367 if (drv->bdrv_check_perm) {
1368 return drv->bdrv_check_perm(bs, cumulative_perms,
1369 cumulative_shared_perms, errp);
1372 /* Drivers that never have children can omit .bdrv_child_perm() */
1373 if (!drv->bdrv_child_perm) {
1374 assert(QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->children));
1378 /* Check all children */
1379 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->children, next) {
1380 uint64_t cur_perm, cur_shared;
1381 drv->bdrv_child_perm(bs, c, c->role,
1382 cumulative_perms, cumulative_shared_perms,
1383 &cur_perm, &cur_shared);
1384 ret = bdrv_child_check_perm(c, cur_perm, cur_shared, errp);
1394 * Notifies drivers that after a previous bdrv_check_perm() call, the
1395 * permission update is not performed and any preparations made for it (e.g.
1396 * taken file locks) need to be undone.
1398 * This function recursively notifies all child nodes.
1400 static void bdrv_abort_perm_update(BlockDriverState *bs)
1402 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
1409 if (drv->bdrv_abort_perm_update) {
1410 drv->bdrv_abort_perm_update(bs);
1413 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->children, next) {
1414 bdrv_child_abort_perm_update(c);
1418 static void bdrv_set_perm(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cumulative_perms,
1419 uint64_t cumulative_shared_perms)
1421 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
1428 /* Update this node */
1429 if (drv->bdrv_set_perm) {
1430 drv->bdrv_set_perm(bs, cumulative_perms, cumulative_shared_perms);
1433 /* Drivers that never have children can omit .bdrv_child_perm() */
1434 if (!drv->bdrv_child_perm) {
1435 assert(QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->children));
1439 /* Update all children */
1440 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->children, next) {
1441 uint64_t cur_perm, cur_shared;
1442 drv->bdrv_child_perm(bs, c, c->role,
1443 cumulative_perms, cumulative_shared_perms,
1444 &cur_perm, &cur_shared);
1445 bdrv_child_set_perm(c, cur_perm, cur_shared);
1449 static void bdrv_get_cumulative_perm(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t *perm,
1450 uint64_t *shared_perm)
1453 uint64_t cumulative_perms = 0;
1454 uint64_t cumulative_shared_perms = BLK_PERM_ALL;
1456 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->parents, next_parent) {
1457 cumulative_perms |= c->perm;
1458 cumulative_shared_perms &= c->shared_perm;
1461 *perm = cumulative_perms;
1462 *shared_perm = cumulative_shared_perms;
1465 static char *bdrv_child_user_desc(BdrvChild *c)
1467 if (c->role->get_parent_desc) {
1468 return c->role->get_parent_desc(c);
1471 return g_strdup("another user");
1474 static char *bdrv_perm_names(uint64_t perm)
1480 { BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ, "consistent read" },
1481 { BLK_PERM_WRITE, "write" },
1482 { BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED, "write unchanged" },
1483 { BLK_PERM_RESIZE, "resize" },
1484 { BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD, "change children" },
1488 char *result = g_strdup("");
1489 struct perm_name *p;
1491 for (p = permissions; p->name; p++) {
1492 if (perm & p->perm) {
1494 result = g_strdup_printf("%s%s%s", old, *old ? ", " : "", p->name);
1503 * Checks whether a new reference to @bs can be added if the new user requires
1504 * @new_used_perm/@new_shared_perm as its permissions. If @ignore_child is set,
1505 * this old reference is ignored in the calculations; this allows checking
1506 * permission updates for an existing reference.
1508 * Needs to be followed by a call to either bdrv_set_perm() or
1509 * bdrv_abort_perm_update(). */
1510 static int bdrv_check_update_perm(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t new_used_perm,
1511 uint64_t new_shared_perm,
1512 BdrvChild *ignore_child, Error **errp)
1515 uint64_t cumulative_perms = new_used_perm;
1516 uint64_t cumulative_shared_perms = new_shared_perm;
1518 /* There is no reason why anyone couldn't tolerate write_unchanged */
1519 assert(new_shared_perm & BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED);
1521 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->parents, next_parent) {
1522 if (c == ignore_child) {
1526 if ((new_used_perm & c->shared_perm) != new_used_perm) {
1527 char *user = bdrv_child_user_desc(c);
1528 char *perm_names = bdrv_perm_names(new_used_perm & ~c->shared_perm);
1529 error_setg(errp, "Conflicts with use by %s as '%s', which does not "
1531 user, c->name, perm_names, bdrv_get_node_name(c->bs));
1537 if ((c->perm & new_shared_perm) != c->perm) {
1538 char *user = bdrv_child_user_desc(c);
1539 char *perm_names = bdrv_perm_names(c->perm & ~new_shared_perm);
1540 error_setg(errp, "Conflicts with use by %s as '%s', which uses "
1542 user, c->name, perm_names, bdrv_get_node_name(c->bs));
1548 cumulative_perms |= c->perm;
1549 cumulative_shared_perms &= c->shared_perm;
1552 return bdrv_check_perm(bs, cumulative_perms, cumulative_shared_perms, errp);
1555 /* Needs to be followed by a call to either bdrv_child_set_perm() or
1556 * bdrv_child_abort_perm_update(). */
1557 int bdrv_child_check_perm(BdrvChild *c, uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared,
1560 return bdrv_check_update_perm(c->bs, perm, shared, c, errp);
1563 void bdrv_child_set_perm(BdrvChild *c, uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared)
1565 uint64_t cumulative_perms, cumulative_shared_perms;
1568 c->shared_perm = shared;
1570 bdrv_get_cumulative_perm(c->bs, &cumulative_perms,
1571 &cumulative_shared_perms);
1572 bdrv_set_perm(c->bs, cumulative_perms, cumulative_shared_perms);
1575 void bdrv_child_abort_perm_update(BdrvChild *c)
1577 bdrv_abort_perm_update(c->bs);
1580 int bdrv_child_try_set_perm(BdrvChild *c, uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared,
1585 ret = bdrv_child_check_perm(c, perm, shared, errp);
1587 bdrv_child_abort_perm_update(c);
1591 bdrv_child_set_perm(c, perm, shared);
1596 #define DEFAULT_PERM_PASSTHROUGH (BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ \
1598 | BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED \
1600 #define DEFAULT_PERM_UNCHANGED (BLK_PERM_ALL & ~DEFAULT_PERM_PASSTHROUGH)
1602 void bdrv_filter_default_perms(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvChild *c,
1603 const BdrvChildRole *role,
1604 uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared,
1605 uint64_t *nperm, uint64_t *nshared)
1608 *nperm = perm & DEFAULT_PERM_PASSTHROUGH;
1609 *nshared = (shared & DEFAULT_PERM_PASSTHROUGH) | DEFAULT_PERM_UNCHANGED;
1613 *nperm = (perm & DEFAULT_PERM_PASSTHROUGH) |
1614 (c->perm & DEFAULT_PERM_UNCHANGED);
1615 *nshared = (shared & DEFAULT_PERM_PASSTHROUGH) |
1616 (c->shared_perm & DEFAULT_PERM_UNCHANGED);
1619 void bdrv_format_default_perms(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvChild *c,
1620 const BdrvChildRole *role,
1621 uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared,
1622 uint64_t *nperm, uint64_t *nshared)
1624 bool backing = (role == &child_backing);
1625 assert(role == &child_backing || role == &child_file);
1628 /* Apart from the modifications below, the same permissions are
1629 * forwarded and left alone as for filters */
1630 bdrv_filter_default_perms(bs, c, role, perm, shared, &perm, &shared);
1632 /* Format drivers may touch metadata even if the guest doesn't write */
1633 if (!bdrv_is_read_only(bs)) {
1634 perm |= BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE;
1637 /* bs->file always needs to be consistent because of the metadata. We
1638 * can never allow other users to resize or write to it. */
1639 perm |= BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ;
1640 shared &= ~(BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE);
1642 /* We want consistent read from backing files if the parent needs it.
1643 * No other operations are performed on backing files. */
1644 perm &= BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ;
1646 /* If the parent can deal with changing data, we're okay with a
1647 * writable and resizable backing file. */
1648 /* TODO Require !(perm & BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ), too? */
1649 if (shared & BLK_PERM_WRITE) {
1650 shared = BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE;
1655 shared |= BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD |
1656 BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED;
1663 static void bdrv_replace_child(BdrvChild *child, BlockDriverState *new_bs,
1664 bool check_new_perm)
1666 BlockDriverState *old_bs = child->bs;
1667 uint64_t perm, shared_perm;
1670 if (old_bs->quiesce_counter && child->role->drained_end) {
1671 child->role->drained_end(child);
1673 QLIST_REMOVE(child, next_parent);
1675 /* Update permissions for old node. This is guaranteed to succeed
1676 * because we're just taking a parent away, so we're loosening
1678 bdrv_get_cumulative_perm(old_bs, &perm, &shared_perm);
1679 bdrv_check_perm(old_bs, perm, shared_perm, &error_abort);
1680 bdrv_set_perm(old_bs, perm, shared_perm);
1686 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&new_bs->parents, child, next_parent);
1687 if (new_bs->quiesce_counter && child->role->drained_begin) {
1688 child->role->drained_begin(child);
1691 bdrv_get_cumulative_perm(new_bs, &perm, &shared_perm);
1692 if (check_new_perm) {
1693 bdrv_check_perm(new_bs, perm, shared_perm, &error_abort);
1695 bdrv_set_perm(new_bs, perm, shared_perm);
1699 BdrvChild *bdrv_root_attach_child(BlockDriverState *child_bs,
1700 const char *child_name,
1701 const BdrvChildRole *child_role,
1702 uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared_perm,
1703 void *opaque, Error **errp)
1708 ret = bdrv_check_update_perm(child_bs, perm, shared_perm, NULL, errp);
1710 bdrv_abort_perm_update(child_bs);
1714 child = g_new(BdrvChild, 1);
1715 *child = (BdrvChild) {
1717 .name = g_strdup(child_name),
1720 .shared_perm = shared_perm,
1724 /* This performs the matching bdrv_set_perm() for the above check. */
1725 bdrv_replace_child(child, child_bs, false);
1730 BdrvChild *bdrv_attach_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
1731 BlockDriverState *child_bs,
1732 const char *child_name,
1733 const BdrvChildRole *child_role,
1737 uint64_t perm, shared_perm;
1739 bdrv_get_cumulative_perm(parent_bs, &perm, &shared_perm);
1741 assert(parent_bs->drv);
1742 parent_bs->drv->bdrv_child_perm(parent_bs, NULL, child_role,
1743 perm, shared_perm, &perm, &shared_perm);
1745 child = bdrv_root_attach_child(child_bs, child_name, child_role,
1746 perm, shared_perm, parent_bs, errp);
1747 if (child == NULL) {
1751 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&parent_bs->children, child, next);
1755 static void bdrv_detach_child(BdrvChild *child)
1757 if (child->next.le_prev) {
1758 QLIST_REMOVE(child, next);
1759 child->next.le_prev = NULL;
1762 bdrv_replace_child(child, NULL, false);
1764 g_free(child->name);
1768 void bdrv_root_unref_child(BdrvChild *child)
1770 BlockDriverState *child_bs;
1772 child_bs = child->bs;
1773 bdrv_detach_child(child);
1774 bdrv_unref(child_bs);
1777 void bdrv_unref_child(BlockDriverState *parent, BdrvChild *child)
1779 if (child == NULL) {
1783 if (child->bs->inherits_from == parent) {
1786 /* Remove inherits_from only when the last reference between parent and
1787 * child->bs goes away. */
1788 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &parent->children, next) {
1789 if (c != child && c->bs == child->bs) {
1794 child->bs->inherits_from = NULL;
1798 bdrv_root_unref_child(child);
1802 static void bdrv_parent_cb_change_media(BlockDriverState *bs, bool load)
1805 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->parents, next_parent) {
1806 if (c->role->change_media) {
1807 c->role->change_media(c, load);
1812 static void bdrv_parent_cb_resize(BlockDriverState *bs)
1815 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->parents, next_parent) {
1816 if (c->role->resize) {
1823 * Sets the backing file link of a BDS. A new reference is created; callers
1824 * which don't need their own reference any more must call bdrv_unref().
1826 void bdrv_set_backing_hd(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *backing_hd)
1829 bdrv_ref(backing_hd);
1833 assert(bs->backing_blocker);
1834 bdrv_op_unblock_all(bs->backing->bs, bs->backing_blocker);
1835 bdrv_unref_child(bs, bs->backing);
1836 } else if (backing_hd) {
1837 error_setg(&bs->backing_blocker,
1838 "node is used as backing hd of '%s'",
1839 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
1843 error_free(bs->backing_blocker);
1844 bs->backing_blocker = NULL;
1848 /* FIXME Error handling */
1849 bs->backing = bdrv_attach_child(bs, backing_hd, "backing", &child_backing,
1851 bs->open_flags &= ~BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
1852 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file), backing_hd->filename);
1853 pstrcpy(bs->backing_format, sizeof(bs->backing_format),
1854 backing_hd->drv ? backing_hd->drv->format_name : "");
1856 bdrv_op_block_all(backing_hd, bs->backing_blocker);
1857 /* Otherwise we won't be able to commit or stream */
1858 bdrv_op_unblock(backing_hd, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_COMMIT_TARGET,
1859 bs->backing_blocker);
1860 bdrv_op_unblock(backing_hd, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_STREAM,
1861 bs->backing_blocker);
1863 * We do backup in 3 ways:
1865 * The target bs is new opened, and the source is top BDS
1866 * 2. blockdev backup
1867 * Both the source and the target are top BDSes.
1868 * 3. internal backup(used for block replication)
1869 * Both the source and the target are backing file
1871 * In case 1 and 2, neither the source nor the target is the backing file.
1872 * In case 3, we will block the top BDS, so there is only one block job
1873 * for the top BDS and its backing chain.
1875 bdrv_op_unblock(backing_hd, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE,
1876 bs->backing_blocker);
1877 bdrv_op_unblock(backing_hd, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_TARGET,
1878 bs->backing_blocker);
1880 bdrv_refresh_limits(bs, NULL);
1884 * Opens the backing file for a BlockDriverState if not yet open
1886 * bdref_key specifies the key for the image's BlockdevRef in the options QDict.
1887 * That QDict has to be flattened; therefore, if the BlockdevRef is a QDict
1888 * itself, all options starting with "${bdref_key}." are considered part of the
1891 * TODO Can this be unified with bdrv_open_image()?
1893 int bdrv_open_backing_file(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *parent_options,
1894 const char *bdref_key, Error **errp)
1896 char *backing_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1897 char *bdref_key_dot;
1898 const char *reference = NULL;
1900 BlockDriverState *backing_hd;
1902 QDict *tmp_parent_options = NULL;
1903 Error *local_err = NULL;
1905 if (bs->backing != NULL) {
1909 /* NULL means an empty set of options */
1910 if (parent_options == NULL) {
1911 tmp_parent_options = qdict_new();
1912 parent_options = tmp_parent_options;
1915 bs->open_flags &= ~BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
1917 bdref_key_dot = g_strdup_printf("%s.", bdref_key);
1918 qdict_extract_subqdict(parent_options, &options, bdref_key_dot);
1919 g_free(bdref_key_dot);
1921 reference = qdict_get_try_str(parent_options, bdref_key);
1922 if (reference || qdict_haskey(options, "file.filename")) {
1923 backing_filename[0] = '\0';
1924 } else if (bs->backing_file[0] == '\0' && qdict_size(options) == 0) {
1928 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename(bs, backing_filename, PATH_MAX,
1932 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1938 if (!bs->drv || !bs->drv->supports_backing) {
1940 error_setg(errp, "Driver doesn't support backing files");
1945 if (bs->backing_format[0] != '\0' && !qdict_haskey(options, "driver")) {
1946 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(bs->backing_format));
1949 backing_hd = bdrv_open_inherit(*backing_filename ? backing_filename : NULL,
1950 reference, options, 0, bs, &child_backing,
1953 bs->open_flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
1954 error_prepend(errp, "Could not open backing file: ");
1959 /* Hook up the backing file link; drop our reference, bs owns the
1960 * backing_hd reference now */
1961 bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs, backing_hd);
1962 bdrv_unref(backing_hd);
1964 qdict_del(parent_options, bdref_key);
1967 g_free(backing_filename);
1968 QDECREF(tmp_parent_options);
1972 static BlockDriverState *
1973 bdrv_open_child_bs(const char *filename, QDict *options, const char *bdref_key,
1974 BlockDriverState *parent, const BdrvChildRole *child_role,
1975 bool allow_none, Error **errp)
1977 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
1978 QDict *image_options;
1979 char *bdref_key_dot;
1980 const char *reference;
1982 assert(child_role != NULL);
1984 bdref_key_dot = g_strdup_printf("%s.", bdref_key);
1985 qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &image_options, bdref_key_dot);
1986 g_free(bdref_key_dot);
1988 reference = qdict_get_try_str(options, bdref_key);
1989 if (!filename && !reference && !qdict_size(image_options)) {
1991 error_setg(errp, "A block device must be specified for \"%s\"",
1994 QDECREF(image_options);
1998 bs = bdrv_open_inherit(filename, reference, image_options, 0,
1999 parent, child_role, errp);
2005 qdict_del(options, bdref_key);
2010 * Opens a disk image whose options are given as BlockdevRef in another block
2013 * If allow_none is true, no image will be opened if filename is false and no
2014 * BlockdevRef is given. NULL will be returned, but errp remains unset.
2016 * bdrev_key specifies the key for the image's BlockdevRef in the options QDict.
2017 * That QDict has to be flattened; therefore, if the BlockdevRef is a QDict
2018 * itself, all options starting with "${bdref_key}." are considered part of the
2021 * The BlockdevRef will be removed from the options QDict.
2023 BdrvChild *bdrv_open_child(const char *filename,
2024 QDict *options, const char *bdref_key,
2025 BlockDriverState *parent,
2026 const BdrvChildRole *child_role,
2027 bool allow_none, Error **errp)
2030 BlockDriverState *bs;
2032 bs = bdrv_open_child_bs(filename, options, bdref_key, parent, child_role,
2038 c = bdrv_attach_child(parent, bs, bdref_key, child_role, errp);
2047 static BlockDriverState *bdrv_append_temp_snapshot(BlockDriverState *bs,
2049 QDict *snapshot_options,
2052 /* TODO: extra byte is a hack to ensure MAX_PATH space on Windows. */
2053 char *tmp_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX + 1);
2055 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
2056 BlockDriverState *bs_snapshot;
2059 /* if snapshot, we create a temporary backing file and open it
2060 instead of opening 'filename' directly */
2062 /* Get the required size from the image */
2063 total_size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
2064 if (total_size < 0) {
2065 error_setg_errno(errp, -total_size, "Could not get image size");
2069 /* Create the temporary image */
2070 ret = get_tmp_filename(tmp_filename, PATH_MAX + 1);
2072 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not get temporary filename");
2076 opts = qemu_opts_create(bdrv_qcow2.create_opts, NULL, 0,
2078 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, total_size, &error_abort);
2079 ret = bdrv_create(&bdrv_qcow2, tmp_filename, opts, errp);
2080 qemu_opts_del(opts);
2082 error_prepend(errp, "Could not create temporary overlay '%s': ",
2087 /* Prepare options QDict for the temporary file */
2088 qdict_put(snapshot_options, "file.driver",
2089 qstring_from_str("file"));
2090 qdict_put(snapshot_options, "file.filename",
2091 qstring_from_str(tmp_filename));
2092 qdict_put(snapshot_options, "driver",
2093 qstring_from_str("qcow2"));
2095 bs_snapshot = bdrv_open(NULL, NULL, snapshot_options, flags, errp);
2096 snapshot_options = NULL;
2102 /* bdrv_append() consumes a strong reference to bs_snapshot (i.e. it will
2103 * call bdrv_unref() on it), so in order to be able to return one, we have
2104 * to increase bs_snapshot's refcount here */
2105 bdrv_ref(bs_snapshot);
2106 bdrv_append(bs_snapshot, bs);
2108 g_free(tmp_filename);
2112 QDECREF(snapshot_options);
2113 g_free(tmp_filename);
2118 * Opens a disk image (raw, qcow2, vmdk, ...)
2120 * options is a QDict of options to pass to the block drivers, or NULL for an
2121 * empty set of options. The reference to the QDict belongs to the block layer
2122 * after the call (even on failure), so if the caller intends to reuse the
2123 * dictionary, it needs to use QINCREF() before calling bdrv_open.
2125 * If *pbs is NULL, a new BDS will be created with a pointer to it stored there.
2126 * If it is not NULL, the referenced BDS will be reused.
2128 * The reference parameter may be used to specify an existing block device which
2129 * should be opened. If specified, neither options nor a filename may be given,
2130 * nor can an existing BDS be reused (that is, *pbs has to be NULL).
2132 static BlockDriverState *bdrv_open_inherit(const char *filename,
2133 const char *reference,
2134 QDict *options, int flags,
2135 BlockDriverState *parent,
2136 const BdrvChildRole *child_role,
2140 BlockBackend *file = NULL;
2141 BlockDriverState *bs;
2142 BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
2143 const char *drvname;
2144 const char *backing;
2145 Error *local_err = NULL;
2146 QDict *snapshot_options = NULL;
2147 int snapshot_flags = 0;
2149 assert(!child_role || !flags);
2150 assert(!child_role == !parent);
2153 bool options_non_empty = options ? qdict_size(options) : false;
2156 if (filename || options_non_empty) {
2157 error_setg(errp, "Cannot reference an existing block device with "
2158 "additional options or a new filename");
2162 bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(reference, reference, errp);
2173 /* NULL means an empty set of options */
2174 if (options == NULL) {
2175 options = qdict_new();
2178 /* json: syntax counts as explicit options, as if in the QDict */
2179 parse_json_protocol(options, &filename, &local_err);
2184 bs->explicit_options = qdict_clone_shallow(options);
2187 bs->inherits_from = parent;
2188 child_role->inherit_options(&flags, options,
2189 parent->open_flags, parent->options);
2192 ret = bdrv_fill_options(&options, filename, &flags, &local_err);
2197 /* Set the BDRV_O_RDWR and BDRV_O_ALLOW_RDWR flags.
2198 * FIXME: we're parsing the QDict to avoid having to create a
2199 * QemuOpts just for this, but neither option is optimal. */
2200 if (g_strcmp0(qdict_get_try_str(options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY), "on") &&
2201 !qdict_get_try_bool(options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY, false)) {
2202 flags |= (BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_ALLOW_RDWR);
2204 flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
2207 if (flags & BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT) {
2208 snapshot_options = qdict_new();
2209 bdrv_temp_snapshot_options(&snapshot_flags, snapshot_options,
2211 /* Let bdrv_backing_options() override "read-only" */
2212 qdict_del(options, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY);
2213 bdrv_backing_options(&flags, options, flags, options);
2216 bs->open_flags = flags;
2217 bs->options = options;
2218 options = qdict_clone_shallow(options);
2220 /* Find the right image format driver */
2221 drvname = qdict_get_try_str(options, "driver");
2223 drv = bdrv_find_format(drvname);
2225 error_setg(errp, "Unknown driver: '%s'", drvname);
2230 assert(drvname || !(flags & BDRV_O_PROTOCOL));
2232 backing = qdict_get_try_str(options, "backing");
2233 if (backing && *backing == '\0') {
2234 flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
2235 qdict_del(options, "backing");
2238 /* Open image file without format layer. This BlockBackend is only used for
2239 * probing, the block drivers will do their own bdrv_open_child() for the
2240 * same BDS, which is why we put the node name back into options. */
2241 if ((flags & BDRV_O_PROTOCOL) == 0) {
2242 BlockDriverState *file_bs;
2244 file_bs = bdrv_open_child_bs(filename, options, "file", bs,
2245 &child_file, true, &local_err);
2249 if (file_bs != NULL) {
2250 file = blk_new(BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ, BLK_PERM_ALL);
2251 blk_insert_bs(file, file_bs, &local_err);
2252 bdrv_unref(file_bs);
2257 qdict_put(options, "file",
2258 qstring_from_str(bdrv_get_node_name(file_bs)));
2262 /* Image format probing */
2265 ret = find_image_format(file, filename, &drv, &local_err);
2270 * This option update would logically belong in bdrv_fill_options(),
2271 * but we first need to open bs->file for the probing to work, while
2272 * opening bs->file already requires the (mostly) final set of options
2273 * so that cache mode etc. can be inherited.
2275 * Adding the driver later is somewhat ugly, but it's not an option
2276 * that would ever be inherited, so it's correct. We just need to make
2277 * sure to update both bs->options (which has the full effective
2278 * options for bs) and options (which has file.* already removed).
2280 qdict_put(bs->options, "driver", qstring_from_str(drv->format_name));
2281 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(drv->format_name));
2283 error_setg(errp, "Must specify either driver or file");
2287 /* BDRV_O_PROTOCOL must be set iff a protocol BDS is about to be created */
2288 assert(!!(flags & BDRV_O_PROTOCOL) == !!drv->bdrv_file_open);
2289 /* file must be NULL if a protocol BDS is about to be created
2290 * (the inverse results in an error message from bdrv_open_common()) */
2291 assert(!(flags & BDRV_O_PROTOCOL) || !file);
2293 /* Open the image */
2294 ret = bdrv_open_common(bs, file, options, &local_err);
2304 /* If there is a backing file, use it */
2305 if ((flags & BDRV_O_NO_BACKING) == 0) {
2306 ret = bdrv_open_backing_file(bs, options, "backing", &local_err);
2308 goto close_and_fail;
2312 bdrv_refresh_filename(bs);
2314 /* Check if any unknown options were used */
2315 if (qdict_size(options) != 0) {
2316 const QDictEntry *entry = qdict_first(options);
2317 if (flags & BDRV_O_PROTOCOL) {
2318 error_setg(errp, "Block protocol '%s' doesn't support the option "
2319 "'%s'", drv->format_name, entry->key);
2322 "Block format '%s' does not support the option '%s'",
2323 drv->format_name, entry->key);
2326 goto close_and_fail;
2329 if (!bdrv_key_required(bs)) {
2330 bdrv_parent_cb_change_media(bs, true);
2331 } else if (!runstate_check(RUN_STATE_PRELAUNCH)
2332 && !runstate_check(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE)
2333 && !runstate_check(RUN_STATE_PAUSED)) { /* HACK */
2335 "Guest must be stopped for opening of encrypted image");
2336 goto close_and_fail;
2341 /* For snapshot=on, create a temporary qcow2 overlay. bs points to the
2342 * temporary snapshot afterwards. */
2343 if (snapshot_flags) {
2344 BlockDriverState *snapshot_bs;
2345 snapshot_bs = bdrv_append_temp_snapshot(bs, snapshot_flags,
2346 snapshot_options, &local_err);
2347 snapshot_options = NULL;
2349 goto close_and_fail;
2351 /* We are not going to return bs but the overlay on top of it
2352 * (snapshot_bs); thus, we have to drop the strong reference to bs
2353 * (which we obtained by calling bdrv_new()). bs will not be deleted,
2354 * though, because the overlay still has a reference to it. */
2363 if (bs->file != NULL) {
2364 bdrv_unref_child(bs, bs->file);
2366 QDECREF(snapshot_options);
2367 QDECREF(bs->explicit_options);
2368 QDECREF(bs->options);
2372 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2377 QDECREF(snapshot_options);
2379 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2383 BlockDriverState *bdrv_open(const char *filename, const char *reference,
2384 QDict *options, int flags, Error **errp)
2386 return bdrv_open_inherit(filename, reference, options, flags, NULL,
2390 typedef struct BlockReopenQueueEntry {
2392 BDRVReopenState state;
2393 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlockReopenQueueEntry) entry;
2394 } BlockReopenQueueEntry;
2397 * Adds a BlockDriverState to a simple queue for an atomic, transactional
2398 * reopen of multiple devices.
2400 * bs_queue can either be an existing BlockReopenQueue that has had QSIMPLE_INIT
2401 * already performed, or alternatively may be NULL a new BlockReopenQueue will
2402 * be created and initialized. This newly created BlockReopenQueue should be
2403 * passed back in for subsequent calls that are intended to be of the same
2406 * bs is the BlockDriverState to add to the reopen queue.
2408 * options contains the changed options for the associated bs
2409 * (the BlockReopenQueue takes ownership)
2411 * flags contains the open flags for the associated bs
2413 * returns a pointer to bs_queue, which is either the newly allocated
2414 * bs_queue, or the existing bs_queue being used.
2417 static BlockReopenQueue *bdrv_reopen_queue_child(BlockReopenQueue *bs_queue,
2418 BlockDriverState *bs,
2421 const BdrvChildRole *role,
2422 QDict *parent_options,
2427 BlockReopenQueueEntry *bs_entry;
2429 QDict *old_options, *explicit_options;
2431 if (bs_queue == NULL) {
2432 bs_queue = g_new0(BlockReopenQueue, 1);
2433 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(bs_queue);
2437 options = qdict_new();
2440 /* Check if this BlockDriverState is already in the queue */
2441 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bs_entry, bs_queue, entry) {
2442 if (bs == bs_entry->state.bs) {
2448 * Precedence of options:
2449 * 1. Explicitly passed in options (highest)
2450 * 2. Set in flags (only for top level)
2451 * 3. Retained from explicitly set options of bs
2452 * 4. Inherited from parent node
2453 * 5. Retained from effective options of bs
2456 if (!parent_options) {
2458 * Any setting represented by flags is always updated. If the
2459 * corresponding QDict option is set, it takes precedence. Otherwise
2460 * the flag is translated into a QDict option. The old setting of bs is
2463 update_options_from_flags(options, flags);
2466 /* Old explicitly set values (don't overwrite by inherited value) */
2468 old_options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs_entry->state.explicit_options);
2470 old_options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs->explicit_options);
2472 bdrv_join_options(bs, options, old_options);
2473 QDECREF(old_options);
2475 explicit_options = qdict_clone_shallow(options);
2477 /* Inherit from parent node */
2478 if (parent_options) {
2480 role->inherit_options(&flags, options, parent_flags, parent_options);
2483 /* Old values are used for options that aren't set yet */
2484 old_options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs->options);
2485 bdrv_join_options(bs, options, old_options);
2486 QDECREF(old_options);
2488 /* bdrv_open() masks this flag out */
2489 flags &= ~BDRV_O_PROTOCOL;
2491 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
2492 QDict *new_child_options;
2493 char *child_key_dot;
2495 /* reopen can only change the options of block devices that were
2496 * implicitly created and inherited options. For other (referenced)
2497 * block devices, a syntax like "backing.foo" results in an error. */
2498 if (child->bs->inherits_from != bs) {
2502 child_key_dot = g_strdup_printf("%s.", child->name);
2503 qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &new_child_options, child_key_dot);
2504 g_free(child_key_dot);
2506 bdrv_reopen_queue_child(bs_queue, child->bs, new_child_options, 0,
2507 child->role, options, flags);
2511 bs_entry = g_new0(BlockReopenQueueEntry, 1);
2512 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bs_queue, bs_entry, entry);
2514 QDECREF(bs_entry->state.options);
2515 QDECREF(bs_entry->state.explicit_options);
2518 bs_entry->state.bs = bs;
2519 bs_entry->state.options = options;
2520 bs_entry->state.explicit_options = explicit_options;
2521 bs_entry->state.flags = flags;
2526 BlockReopenQueue *bdrv_reopen_queue(BlockReopenQueue *bs_queue,
2527 BlockDriverState *bs,
2528 QDict *options, int flags)
2530 return bdrv_reopen_queue_child(bs_queue, bs, options, flags,
2535 * Reopen multiple BlockDriverStates atomically & transactionally.
2537 * The queue passed in (bs_queue) must have been built up previous
2538 * via bdrv_reopen_queue().
2540 * Reopens all BDS specified in the queue, with the appropriate
2541 * flags. All devices are prepared for reopen, and failure of any
2542 * device will cause all device changes to be abandonded, and intermediate
2545 * If all devices prepare successfully, then the changes are committed
2549 int bdrv_reopen_multiple(AioContext *ctx, BlockReopenQueue *bs_queue, Error **errp)
2552 BlockReopenQueueEntry *bs_entry, *next;
2553 Error *local_err = NULL;
2555 assert(bs_queue != NULL);
2557 aio_context_release(ctx);
2558 bdrv_drain_all_begin();
2559 aio_context_acquire(ctx);
2561 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bs_entry, bs_queue, entry) {
2562 if (bdrv_reopen_prepare(&bs_entry->state, bs_queue, &local_err)) {
2563 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2566 bs_entry->prepared = true;
2569 /* If we reach this point, we have success and just need to apply the
2572 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bs_entry, bs_queue, entry) {
2573 bdrv_reopen_commit(&bs_entry->state);
2579 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(bs_entry, bs_queue, entry, next) {
2580 if (ret && bs_entry->prepared) {
2581 bdrv_reopen_abort(&bs_entry->state);
2583 QDECREF(bs_entry->state.explicit_options);
2585 QDECREF(bs_entry->state.options);
2590 bdrv_drain_all_end();
2596 /* Reopen a single BlockDriverState with the specified flags. */
2597 int bdrv_reopen(BlockDriverState *bs, int bdrv_flags, Error **errp)
2600 Error *local_err = NULL;
2601 BlockReopenQueue *queue = bdrv_reopen_queue(NULL, bs, NULL, bdrv_flags);
2603 ret = bdrv_reopen_multiple(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), queue, &local_err);
2604 if (local_err != NULL) {
2605 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2612 * Prepares a BlockDriverState for reopen. All changes are staged in the
2613 * 'opaque' field of the BDRVReopenState, which is used and allocated by
2614 * the block driver layer .bdrv_reopen_prepare()
2616 * bs is the BlockDriverState to reopen
2617 * flags are the new open flags
2618 * queue is the reopen queue
2620 * Returns 0 on success, non-zero on error. On error errp will be set
2623 * On failure, bdrv_reopen_abort() will be called to clean up any data.
2624 * It is the responsibility of the caller to then call the abort() or
2625 * commit() for any other BDS that have been left in a prepare() state
2628 int bdrv_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state, BlockReopenQueue *queue,
2632 Error *local_err = NULL;
2637 assert(reopen_state != NULL);
2638 assert(reopen_state->bs->drv != NULL);
2639 drv = reopen_state->bs->drv;
2641 /* Process generic block layer options */
2642 opts = qemu_opts_create(&bdrv_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
2643 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, reopen_state->options, &local_err);
2645 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2650 update_flags_from_options(&reopen_state->flags, opts);
2652 /* node-name and driver must be unchanged. Put them back into the QDict, so
2653 * that they are checked at the end of this function. */
2654 value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "node-name");
2656 qdict_put(reopen_state->options, "node-name", qstring_from_str(value));
2659 value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
2661 qdict_put(reopen_state->options, "driver", qstring_from_str(value));
2664 /* if we are to stay read-only, do not allow permission change
2666 if (!(reopen_state->bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_ALLOW_RDWR) &&
2667 reopen_state->flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
2668 error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' is read only",
2669 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(reopen_state->bs));
2674 ret = bdrv_flush(reopen_state->bs);
2676 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Error flushing drive");
2680 if (drv->bdrv_reopen_prepare) {
2681 ret = drv->bdrv_reopen_prepare(reopen_state, queue, &local_err);
2683 if (local_err != NULL) {
2684 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2686 error_setg(errp, "failed while preparing to reopen image '%s'",
2687 reopen_state->bs->filename);
2692 /* It is currently mandatory to have a bdrv_reopen_prepare()
2693 * handler for each supported drv. */
2694 error_setg(errp, "Block format '%s' used by node '%s' "
2695 "does not support reopening files", drv->format_name,
2696 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(reopen_state->bs));
2701 /* Options that are not handled are only okay if they are unchanged
2702 * compared to the old state. It is expected that some options are only
2703 * used for the initial open, but not reopen (e.g. filename) */
2704 if (qdict_size(reopen_state->options)) {
2705 const QDictEntry *entry = qdict_first(reopen_state->options);
2708 QString *new_obj = qobject_to_qstring(entry->value);
2709 const char *new = qstring_get_str(new_obj);
2710 const char *old = qdict_get_try_str(reopen_state->bs->options,
2713 if (!old || strcmp(new, old)) {
2714 error_setg(errp, "Cannot change the option '%s'", entry->key);
2718 } while ((entry = qdict_next(reopen_state->options, entry)));
2724 qemu_opts_del(opts);
2729 * Takes the staged changes for the reopen from bdrv_reopen_prepare(), and
2730 * makes them final by swapping the staging BlockDriverState contents into
2731 * the active BlockDriverState contents.
2733 void bdrv_reopen_commit(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state)
2737 assert(reopen_state != NULL);
2738 drv = reopen_state->bs->drv;
2739 assert(drv != NULL);
2741 /* If there are any driver level actions to take */
2742 if (drv->bdrv_reopen_commit) {
2743 drv->bdrv_reopen_commit(reopen_state);
2746 /* set BDS specific flags now */
2747 QDECREF(reopen_state->bs->explicit_options);
2749 reopen_state->bs->explicit_options = reopen_state->explicit_options;
2750 reopen_state->bs->open_flags = reopen_state->flags;
2751 reopen_state->bs->read_only = !(reopen_state->flags & BDRV_O_RDWR);
2753 bdrv_refresh_limits(reopen_state->bs, NULL);
2757 * Abort the reopen, and delete and free the staged changes in
2760 void bdrv_reopen_abort(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state)
2764 assert(reopen_state != NULL);
2765 drv = reopen_state->bs->drv;
2766 assert(drv != NULL);
2768 if (drv->bdrv_reopen_abort) {
2769 drv->bdrv_reopen_abort(reopen_state);
2772 QDECREF(reopen_state->explicit_options);
2776 static void bdrv_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
2778 BdrvAioNotifier *ban, *ban_next;
2781 assert(!bs->refcnt);
2783 bdrv_drained_begin(bs); /* complete I/O */
2785 bdrv_drain(bs); /* in case flush left pending I/O */
2787 bdrv_release_named_dirty_bitmaps(bs);
2788 assert(QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->dirty_bitmaps));
2791 BdrvChild *child, *next;
2793 bs->drv->bdrv_close(bs);
2796 bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs, NULL);
2798 if (bs->file != NULL) {
2799 bdrv_unref_child(bs, bs->file);
2803 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(child, &bs->children, next, next) {
2804 /* TODO Remove bdrv_unref() from drivers' close function and use
2805 * bdrv_unref_child() here */
2806 if (child->bs->inherits_from == bs) {
2807 child->bs->inherits_from = NULL;
2809 bdrv_detach_child(child);
2814 bs->copy_on_read = 0;
2815 bs->backing_file[0] = '\0';
2816 bs->backing_format[0] = '\0';
2817 bs->total_sectors = 0;
2818 bs->encrypted = false;
2819 bs->valid_key = false;
2821 QDECREF(bs->options);
2822 QDECREF(bs->explicit_options);
2824 QDECREF(bs->full_open_options);
2825 bs->full_open_options = NULL;
2828 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(ban, &bs->aio_notifiers, list, ban_next) {
2831 QLIST_INIT(&bs->aio_notifiers);
2832 bdrv_drained_end(bs);
2835 void bdrv_close_all(void)
2837 block_job_cancel_sync_all();
2838 nbd_export_close_all();
2840 /* Drop references from requests still in flight, such as canceled block
2841 * jobs whose AIO context has not been polled yet */
2844 blk_remove_all_bs();
2845 blockdev_close_all_bdrv_states();
2847 assert(QTAILQ_EMPTY(&all_bdrv_states));
2850 static void change_parent_backing_link(BlockDriverState *from,
2851 BlockDriverState *to)
2853 BdrvChild *c, *next, *to_c;
2855 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(c, &from->parents, next_parent, next) {
2856 if (c->role == &child_backing) {
2857 /* @from is generally not allowed to be a backing file, except for
2858 * when @to is the overlay. In that case, @from may not be replaced
2859 * by @to as @to's backing node. */
2860 QLIST_FOREACH(to_c, &to->children, next) {
2870 assert(c->role != &child_backing);
2872 /* FIXME Are we sure that bdrv_replace_child() can't run into
2873 * &error_abort because of permissions? */
2874 bdrv_replace_child(c, to, true);
2880 * Add new bs contents at the top of an image chain while the chain is
2881 * live, while keeping required fields on the top layer.
2883 * This will modify the BlockDriverState fields, and swap contents
2884 * between bs_new and bs_top. Both bs_new and bs_top are modified.
2886 * bs_new must not be attached to a BlockBackend.
2888 * This function does not create any image files.
2890 * bdrv_append() takes ownership of a bs_new reference and unrefs it because
2891 * that's what the callers commonly need. bs_new will be referenced by the old
2892 * parents of bs_top after bdrv_append() returns. If the caller needs to keep a
2893 * reference of its own, it must call bdrv_ref().
2895 void bdrv_append(BlockDriverState *bs_new, BlockDriverState *bs_top)
2897 assert(!bdrv_requests_pending(bs_top));
2898 assert(!bdrv_requests_pending(bs_new));
2902 change_parent_backing_link(bs_top, bs_new);
2903 bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs_new, bs_top);
2906 /* bs_new is now referenced by its new parents, we don't need the
2907 * additional reference any more. */
2911 void bdrv_replace_in_backing_chain(BlockDriverState *old, BlockDriverState *new)
2913 assert(!bdrv_requests_pending(old));
2914 assert(!bdrv_requests_pending(new));
2918 change_parent_backing_link(old, new);
2923 static void bdrv_delete(BlockDriverState *bs)
2926 assert(bdrv_op_blocker_is_empty(bs));
2927 assert(!bs->refcnt);
2931 /* remove from list, if necessary */
2932 if (bs->node_name[0] != '\0') {
2933 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&graph_bdrv_states, bs, node_list);
2935 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&all_bdrv_states, bs, bs_list);
2941 * Run consistency checks on an image
2943 * Returns 0 if the check could be completed (it doesn't mean that the image is
2944 * free of errors) or -errno when an internal error occurred. The results of the
2945 * check are stored in res.
2947 int bdrv_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res, BdrvCheckMode fix)
2949 if (bs->drv == NULL) {
2952 if (bs->drv->bdrv_check == NULL) {
2956 memset(res, 0, sizeof(*res));
2957 return bs->drv->bdrv_check(bs, res, fix);
2963 * -EINVAL - backing format specified, but no file
2964 * -ENOSPC - can't update the backing file because no space is left in the
2966 * -ENOTSUP - format driver doesn't support changing the backing file
2968 int bdrv_change_backing_file(BlockDriverState *bs,
2969 const char *backing_file, const char *backing_fmt)
2971 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
2974 /* Backing file format doesn't make sense without a backing file */
2975 if (backing_fmt && !backing_file) {
2979 if (drv->bdrv_change_backing_file != NULL) {
2980 ret = drv->bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, backing_file, backing_fmt);
2986 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file), backing_file ?: "");
2987 pstrcpy(bs->backing_format, sizeof(bs->backing_format), backing_fmt ?: "");
2993 * Finds the image layer in the chain that has 'bs' as its backing file.
2995 * active is the current topmost image.
2997 * Returns NULL if bs is not found in active's image chain,
2998 * or if active == bs.
3000 * Returns the bottommost base image if bs == NULL.
3002 BlockDriverState *bdrv_find_overlay(BlockDriverState *active,
3003 BlockDriverState *bs)
3005 while (active && bs != backing_bs(active)) {
3006 active = backing_bs(active);
3012 /* Given a BDS, searches for the base layer. */
3013 BlockDriverState *bdrv_find_base(BlockDriverState *bs)
3015 return bdrv_find_overlay(bs, NULL);
3019 * Drops images above 'base' up to and including 'top', and sets the image
3020 * above 'top' to have base as its backing file.
3022 * Requires that the overlay to 'top' is opened r/w, so that the backing file
3023 * information in 'bs' can be properly updated.
3025 * E.g., this will convert the following chain:
3026 * bottom <- base <- intermediate <- top <- active
3030 * bottom <- base <- active
3032 * It is allowed for bottom==base, in which case it converts:
3034 * base <- intermediate <- top <- active
3040 * If backing_file_str is non-NULL, it will be used when modifying top's
3041 * overlay image metadata.
3044 * if active == top, that is considered an error
3047 int bdrv_drop_intermediate(BlockDriverState *active, BlockDriverState *top,
3048 BlockDriverState *base, const char *backing_file_str)
3050 BlockDriverState *new_top_bs = NULL;
3053 if (!top->drv || !base->drv) {
3057 new_top_bs = bdrv_find_overlay(active, top);
3059 if (new_top_bs == NULL) {
3060 /* we could not find the image above 'top', this is an error */
3064 /* special case of new_top_bs->backing->bs already pointing to base - nothing
3065 * to do, no intermediate images */
3066 if (backing_bs(new_top_bs) == base) {
3071 /* Make sure that base is in the backing chain of top */
3072 if (!bdrv_chain_contains(top, base)) {
3076 /* success - we can delete the intermediate states, and link top->base */
3077 backing_file_str = backing_file_str ? backing_file_str : base->filename;
3078 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(new_top_bs, backing_file_str,
3079 base->drv ? base->drv->format_name : "");
3083 bdrv_set_backing_hd(new_top_bs, base);
3091 * Truncate file to 'offset' bytes (needed only for file protocols)
3093 int bdrv_truncate(BdrvChild *child, int64_t offset)
3095 BlockDriverState *bs = child->bs;
3096 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3100 if (!drv->bdrv_truncate)
3105 ret = drv->bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
3107 ret = refresh_total_sectors(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
3108 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_truncate(bs);
3109 bdrv_parent_cb_resize(bs);
3116 * Length of a allocated file in bytes. Sparse files are counted by actual
3117 * allocated space. Return < 0 if error or unknown.
3119 int64_t bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
3121 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3125 if (drv->bdrv_get_allocated_file_size) {
3126 return drv->bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs);
3129 return bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file->bs);
3135 * Return number of sectors on success, -errno on error.
3137 int64_t bdrv_nb_sectors(BlockDriverState *bs)
3139 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3144 if (drv->has_variable_length) {
3145 int ret = refresh_total_sectors(bs, bs->total_sectors);
3150 return bs->total_sectors;
3154 * Return length in bytes on success, -errno on error.
3155 * The length is always a multiple of BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE.
3157 int64_t bdrv_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
3159 int64_t ret = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
3161 ret = ret > INT64_MAX / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE ? -EFBIG : ret;
3162 return ret < 0 ? ret : ret * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
3165 /* return 0 as number of sectors if no device present or error */
3166 void bdrv_get_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t *nb_sectors_ptr)
3168 int64_t nb_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
3170 *nb_sectors_ptr = nb_sectors < 0 ? 0 : nb_sectors;
3173 bool bdrv_is_read_only(BlockDriverState *bs)
3175 return bs->read_only;
3178 bool bdrv_is_sg(BlockDriverState *bs)
3183 bool bdrv_is_encrypted(BlockDriverState *bs)
3185 if (bs->backing && bs->backing->bs->encrypted) {
3188 return bs->encrypted;
3191 bool bdrv_key_required(BlockDriverState *bs)
3193 BdrvChild *backing = bs->backing;
3195 if (backing && backing->bs->encrypted && !backing->bs->valid_key) {
3198 return (bs->encrypted && !bs->valid_key);
3201 int bdrv_set_key(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *key)
3204 if (bs->backing && bs->backing->bs->encrypted) {
3205 ret = bdrv_set_key(bs->backing->bs, key);
3211 if (!bs->encrypted) {
3213 } else if (!bs->drv || !bs->drv->bdrv_set_key) {
3216 ret = bs->drv->bdrv_set_key(bs, key);
3218 bs->valid_key = false;
3219 } else if (!bs->valid_key) {
3220 /* call the change callback now, we skipped it on open */
3221 bs->valid_key = true;
3222 bdrv_parent_cb_change_media(bs, true);
3228 * Provide an encryption key for @bs.
3229 * If @key is non-null:
3230 * If @bs is not encrypted, fail.
3231 * Else if the key is invalid, fail.
3232 * Else set @bs's key to @key, replacing the existing key, if any.
3234 * If @bs is encrypted and still lacks a key, fail.
3236 * On failure, store an error object through @errp if non-null.
3238 void bdrv_add_key(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *key, Error **errp)
3241 if (!bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) {
3242 error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' is not encrypted",
3243 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
3244 } else if (bdrv_set_key(bs, key) < 0) {
3245 error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD);
3248 if (bdrv_key_required(bs)) {
3249 error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_ENCRYPTED,
3250 "'%s' (%s) is encrypted",
3251 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs),
3252 bdrv_get_encrypted_filename(bs));
3257 const char *bdrv_get_format_name(BlockDriverState *bs)
3259 return bs->drv ? bs->drv->format_name : NULL;
3262 static int qsort_strcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
3264 return strcmp(*(char *const *)a, *(char *const *)b);
3267 void bdrv_iterate_format(void (*it)(void *opaque, const char *name),
3273 const char **formats = NULL;
3275 QLIST_FOREACH(drv, &bdrv_drivers, list) {
3276 if (drv->format_name) {
3279 while (formats && i && !found) {
3280 found = !strcmp(formats[--i], drv->format_name);
3284 formats = g_renew(const char *, formats, count + 1);
3285 formats[count++] = drv->format_name;
3290 for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(block_driver_modules); i++) {
3291 const char *format_name = block_driver_modules[i].format_name;
3297 while (formats && j && !found) {
3298 found = !strcmp(formats[--j], format_name);
3302 formats = g_renew(const char *, formats, count + 1);
3303 formats[count++] = format_name;
3308 qsort(formats, count, sizeof(formats[0]), qsort_strcmp);
3310 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
3311 it(opaque, formats[i]);
3317 /* This function is to find a node in the bs graph */
3318 BlockDriverState *bdrv_find_node(const char *node_name)
3320 BlockDriverState *bs;
3324 QTAILQ_FOREACH(bs, &graph_bdrv_states, node_list) {
3325 if (!strcmp(node_name, bs->node_name)) {
3332 /* Put this QMP function here so it can access the static graph_bdrv_states. */
3333 BlockDeviceInfoList *bdrv_named_nodes_list(Error **errp)
3335 BlockDeviceInfoList *list, *entry;
3336 BlockDriverState *bs;
3339 QTAILQ_FOREACH(bs, &graph_bdrv_states, node_list) {
3340 BlockDeviceInfo *info = bdrv_block_device_info(NULL, bs, errp);
3342 qapi_free_BlockDeviceInfoList(list);
3345 entry = g_malloc0(sizeof(*entry));
3346 entry->value = info;
3354 BlockDriverState *bdrv_lookup_bs(const char *device,
3355 const char *node_name,
3359 BlockDriverState *bs;
3362 blk = blk_by_name(device);
3367 error_setg(errp, "Device '%s' has no medium", device);
3375 bs = bdrv_find_node(node_name);
3382 error_setg(errp, "Cannot find device=%s nor node_name=%s",
3383 device ? device : "",
3384 node_name ? node_name : "");
3388 /* If 'base' is in the same chain as 'top', return true. Otherwise,
3389 * return false. If either argument is NULL, return false. */
3390 bool bdrv_chain_contains(BlockDriverState *top, BlockDriverState *base)
3392 while (top && top != base) {
3393 top = backing_bs(top);
3399 BlockDriverState *bdrv_next_node(BlockDriverState *bs)
3402 return QTAILQ_FIRST(&graph_bdrv_states);
3404 return QTAILQ_NEXT(bs, node_list);
3407 const char *bdrv_get_node_name(const BlockDriverState *bs)
3409 return bs->node_name;
3412 const char *bdrv_get_parent_name(const BlockDriverState *bs)
3417 /* If multiple parents have a name, just pick the first one. */
3418 QLIST_FOREACH(c, &bs->parents, next_parent) {
3419 if (c->role->get_name) {
3420 name = c->role->get_name(c);
3421 if (name && *name) {
3430 /* TODO check what callers really want: bs->node_name or blk_name() */
3431 const char *bdrv_get_device_name(const BlockDriverState *bs)
3433 return bdrv_get_parent_name(bs) ?: "";
3436 /* This can be used to identify nodes that might not have a device
3437 * name associated. Since node and device names live in the same
3438 * namespace, the result is unambiguous. The exception is if both are
3439 * absent, then this returns an empty (non-null) string. */
3440 const char *bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(const BlockDriverState *bs)
3442 return bdrv_get_parent_name(bs) ?: bs->node_name;
3445 int bdrv_get_flags(BlockDriverState *bs)
3447 return bs->open_flags;
3450 int bdrv_has_zero_init_1(BlockDriverState *bs)
3455 int bdrv_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
3459 /* If BS is a copy on write image, it is initialized to
3460 the contents of the base image, which may not be zeroes. */
3464 if (bs->drv->bdrv_has_zero_init) {
3465 return bs->drv->bdrv_has_zero_init(bs);
3472 bool bdrv_unallocated_blocks_are_zero(BlockDriverState *bs)
3474 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
3480 if (bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi) == 0) {
3481 return bdi.unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
3487 bool bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(BlockDriverState *bs)
3489 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
3491 if (!(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP)) {
3495 if (bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi) == 0) {
3496 return bdi.can_write_zeroes_with_unmap;
3502 const char *bdrv_get_encrypted_filename(BlockDriverState *bs)
3504 if (bs->backing && bs->backing->bs->encrypted)
3505 return bs->backing_file;
3506 else if (bs->encrypted)
3507 return bs->filename;
3512 void bdrv_get_backing_filename(BlockDriverState *bs,
3513 char *filename, int filename_size)
3515 pstrcpy(filename, filename_size, bs->backing_file);
3518 int bdrv_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
3520 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3523 if (!drv->bdrv_get_info)
3525 memset(bdi, 0, sizeof(*bdi));
3526 return drv->bdrv_get_info(bs, bdi);
3529 ImageInfoSpecific *bdrv_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs)
3531 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3532 if (drv && drv->bdrv_get_specific_info) {
3533 return drv->bdrv_get_specific_info(bs);
3538 void bdrv_debug_event(BlockDriverState *bs, BlkdebugEvent event)
3540 if (!bs || !bs->drv || !bs->drv->bdrv_debug_event) {
3544 bs->drv->bdrv_debug_event(bs, event);
3547 int bdrv_debug_breakpoint(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *event,
3550 while (bs && bs->drv && !bs->drv->bdrv_debug_breakpoint) {
3551 bs = bs->file ? bs->file->bs : NULL;
3554 if (bs && bs->drv && bs->drv->bdrv_debug_breakpoint) {
3555 return bs->drv->bdrv_debug_breakpoint(bs, event, tag);
3561 int bdrv_debug_remove_breakpoint(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *tag)
3563 while (bs && bs->drv && !bs->drv->bdrv_debug_remove_breakpoint) {
3564 bs = bs->file ? bs->file->bs : NULL;
3567 if (bs && bs->drv && bs->drv->bdrv_debug_remove_breakpoint) {
3568 return bs->drv->bdrv_debug_remove_breakpoint(bs, tag);
3574 int bdrv_debug_resume(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *tag)
3576 while (bs && (!bs->drv || !bs->drv->bdrv_debug_resume)) {
3577 bs = bs->file ? bs->file->bs : NULL;
3580 if (bs && bs->drv && bs->drv->bdrv_debug_resume) {
3581 return bs->drv->bdrv_debug_resume(bs, tag);
3587 bool bdrv_debug_is_suspended(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *tag)
3589 while (bs && bs->drv && !bs->drv->bdrv_debug_is_suspended) {
3590 bs = bs->file ? bs->file->bs : NULL;
3593 if (bs && bs->drv && bs->drv->bdrv_debug_is_suspended) {
3594 return bs->drv->bdrv_debug_is_suspended(bs, tag);
3600 /* backing_file can either be relative, or absolute, or a protocol. If it is
3601 * relative, it must be relative to the chain. So, passing in bs->filename
3602 * from a BDS as backing_file should not be done, as that may be relative to
3603 * the CWD rather than the chain. */
3604 BlockDriverState *bdrv_find_backing_image(BlockDriverState *bs,
3605 const char *backing_file)
3607 char *filename_full = NULL;
3608 char *backing_file_full = NULL;
3609 char *filename_tmp = NULL;
3610 int is_protocol = 0;
3611 BlockDriverState *curr_bs = NULL;
3612 BlockDriverState *retval = NULL;
3613 Error *local_error = NULL;
3615 if (!bs || !bs->drv || !backing_file) {
3619 filename_full = g_malloc(PATH_MAX);
3620 backing_file_full = g_malloc(PATH_MAX);
3621 filename_tmp = g_malloc(PATH_MAX);
3623 is_protocol = path_has_protocol(backing_file);
3625 for (curr_bs = bs; curr_bs->backing; curr_bs = curr_bs->backing->bs) {
3627 /* If either of the filename paths is actually a protocol, then
3628 * compare unmodified paths; otherwise make paths relative */
3629 if (is_protocol || path_has_protocol(curr_bs->backing_file)) {
3630 if (strcmp(backing_file, curr_bs->backing_file) == 0) {
3631 retval = curr_bs->backing->bs;
3634 /* Also check against the full backing filename for the image */
3635 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename(curr_bs, backing_file_full, PATH_MAX,
3637 if (local_error == NULL) {
3638 if (strcmp(backing_file, backing_file_full) == 0) {
3639 retval = curr_bs->backing->bs;
3643 error_free(local_error);
3647 /* If not an absolute filename path, make it relative to the current
3648 * image's filename path */
3649 path_combine(filename_tmp, PATH_MAX, curr_bs->filename,
3652 /* We are going to compare absolute pathnames */
3653 if (!realpath(filename_tmp, filename_full)) {
3657 /* We need to make sure the backing filename we are comparing against
3658 * is relative to the current image filename (or absolute) */
3659 path_combine(filename_tmp, PATH_MAX, curr_bs->filename,
3660 curr_bs->backing_file);
3662 if (!realpath(filename_tmp, backing_file_full)) {
3666 if (strcmp(backing_file_full, filename_full) == 0) {
3667 retval = curr_bs->backing->bs;
3673 g_free(filename_full);
3674 g_free(backing_file_full);
3675 g_free(filename_tmp);
3679 int bdrv_get_backing_file_depth(BlockDriverState *bs)
3689 return 1 + bdrv_get_backing_file_depth(bs->backing->bs);
3692 void bdrv_init(void)
3694 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_BLOCK);
3697 void bdrv_init_with_whitelist(void)
3699 use_bdrv_whitelist = 1;
3703 void bdrv_invalidate_cache(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
3706 Error *local_err = NULL;
3713 if (!(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_INACTIVE)) {
3717 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
3718 bdrv_invalidate_cache(child->bs, &local_err);
3720 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
3725 bs->open_flags &= ~BDRV_O_INACTIVE;
3726 if (bs->drv->bdrv_invalidate_cache) {
3727 bs->drv->bdrv_invalidate_cache(bs, &local_err);
3729 bs->open_flags |= BDRV_O_INACTIVE;
3730 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
3735 ret = refresh_total_sectors(bs, bs->total_sectors);
3737 bs->open_flags |= BDRV_O_INACTIVE;
3738 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not refresh total sector count");
3743 void bdrv_invalidate_cache_all(Error **errp)
3745 BlockDriverState *bs;
3746 Error *local_err = NULL;
3747 BdrvNextIterator it;
3749 for (bs = bdrv_first(&it); bs; bs = bdrv_next(&it)) {
3750 AioContext *aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
3752 aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
3753 bdrv_invalidate_cache(bs, &local_err);
3754 aio_context_release(aio_context);
3756 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
3762 static int bdrv_inactivate_recurse(BlockDriverState *bs,
3768 if (!setting_flag && bs->drv->bdrv_inactivate) {
3769 ret = bs->drv->bdrv_inactivate(bs);
3775 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
3776 ret = bdrv_inactivate_recurse(child->bs, setting_flag);
3783 bs->open_flags |= BDRV_O_INACTIVE;
3788 int bdrv_inactivate_all(void)
3790 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
3791 BdrvNextIterator it;
3795 for (bs = bdrv_first(&it); bs; bs = bdrv_next(&it)) {
3796 aio_context_acquire(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
3799 /* We do two passes of inactivation. The first pass calls to drivers'
3800 * .bdrv_inactivate callbacks recursively so all cache is flushed to disk;
3801 * the second pass sets the BDRV_O_INACTIVE flag so that no further write
3803 for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
3804 for (bs = bdrv_first(&it); bs; bs = bdrv_next(&it)) {
3805 ret = bdrv_inactivate_recurse(bs, pass);
3813 for (bs = bdrv_first(&it); bs; bs = bdrv_next(&it)) {
3814 aio_context_release(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
3820 /**************************************************************/
3821 /* removable device support */
3824 * Return TRUE if the media is present
3826 bool bdrv_is_inserted(BlockDriverState *bs)
3828 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3834 if (drv->bdrv_is_inserted) {
3835 return drv->bdrv_is_inserted(bs);
3837 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
3838 if (!bdrv_is_inserted(child->bs)) {
3846 * Return whether the media changed since the last call to this
3847 * function, or -ENOTSUP if we don't know. Most drivers don't know.
3849 int bdrv_media_changed(BlockDriverState *bs)
3851 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3853 if (drv && drv->bdrv_media_changed) {
3854 return drv->bdrv_media_changed(bs);
3860 * If eject_flag is TRUE, eject the media. Otherwise, close the tray
3862 void bdrv_eject(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag)
3864 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3866 if (drv && drv->bdrv_eject) {
3867 drv->bdrv_eject(bs, eject_flag);
3872 * Lock or unlock the media (if it is locked, the user won't be able
3873 * to eject it manually).
3875 void bdrv_lock_medium(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked)
3877 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
3879 trace_bdrv_lock_medium(bs, locked);
3881 if (drv && drv->bdrv_lock_medium) {
3882 drv->bdrv_lock_medium(bs, locked);
3886 /* Get a reference to bs */
3887 void bdrv_ref(BlockDriverState *bs)
3892 /* Release a previously grabbed reference to bs.
3893 * If after releasing, reference count is zero, the BlockDriverState is
3895 void bdrv_unref(BlockDriverState *bs)
3900 assert(bs->refcnt > 0);
3901 if (--bs->refcnt == 0) {
3906 struct BdrvOpBlocker {
3908 QLIST_ENTRY(BdrvOpBlocker) list;
3911 bool bdrv_op_is_blocked(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockOpType op, Error **errp)
3913 BdrvOpBlocker *blocker;
3914 assert((int) op >= 0 && op < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX);
3915 if (!QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->op_blockers[op])) {
3916 blocker = QLIST_FIRST(&bs->op_blockers[op]);
3918 *errp = error_copy(blocker->reason);
3919 error_prepend(errp, "Node '%s' is busy: ",
3920 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
3927 void bdrv_op_block(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockOpType op, Error *reason)
3929 BdrvOpBlocker *blocker;
3930 assert((int) op >= 0 && op < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX);
3932 blocker = g_new0(BdrvOpBlocker, 1);
3933 blocker->reason = reason;
3934 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bs->op_blockers[op], blocker, list);
3937 void bdrv_op_unblock(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockOpType op, Error *reason)
3939 BdrvOpBlocker *blocker, *next;
3940 assert((int) op >= 0 && op < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX);
3941 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(blocker, &bs->op_blockers[op], list, next) {
3942 if (blocker->reason == reason) {
3943 QLIST_REMOVE(blocker, list);
3949 void bdrv_op_block_all(BlockDriverState *bs, Error *reason)
3952 for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
3953 bdrv_op_block(bs, i, reason);
3957 void bdrv_op_unblock_all(BlockDriverState *bs, Error *reason)
3960 for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
3961 bdrv_op_unblock(bs, i, reason);
3965 bool bdrv_op_blocker_is_empty(BlockDriverState *bs)
3969 for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
3970 if (!QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->op_blockers[i])) {
3977 void bdrv_img_create(const char *filename, const char *fmt,
3978 const char *base_filename, const char *base_fmt,
3979 char *options, uint64_t img_size, int flags,
3980 Error **errp, bool quiet)
3982 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
3983 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
3984 const char *backing_fmt, *backing_file;
3986 BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
3987 Error *local_err = NULL;
3990 /* Find driver and parse its options */
3991 drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
3993 error_setg(errp, "Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
3997 proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, errp);
4002 if (!drv->create_opts) {
4003 error_setg(errp, "Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4008 if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
4009 error_setg(errp, "Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4010 proto_drv->format_name);
4014 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
4015 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
4017 /* Create parameter list with default values */
4018 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
4019 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, img_size, &error_abort);
4021 /* Parse -o options */
4023 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err);
4025 error_report_err(local_err);
4027 error_setg(errp, "Invalid options for file format '%s'", fmt);
4032 if (base_filename) {
4033 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, base_filename, &local_err);
4035 error_setg(errp, "Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
4042 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, base_fmt, &local_err);
4044 error_setg(errp, "Backing file format not supported for file "
4045 "format '%s'", fmt);
4050 backing_file = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
4052 if (!strcmp(filename, backing_file)) {
4053 error_setg(errp, "Error: Trying to create an image with the "
4054 "same filename as the backing file");
4059 backing_fmt = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT);
4061 // The size for the image must always be specified, with one exception:
4062 // If we are using a backing file, we can obtain the size from there
4063 size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
4066 BlockDriverState *bs;
4067 char *full_backing = g_new0(char, PATH_MAX);
4070 QDict *backing_options = NULL;
4072 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(filename, backing_file,
4073 full_backing, PATH_MAX,
4076 g_free(full_backing);
4080 /* backing files always opened read-only */
4082 back_flags &= ~(BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING);
4085 backing_options = qdict_new();
4086 qdict_put(backing_options, "driver",
4087 qstring_from_str(backing_fmt));
4090 bs = bdrv_open(full_backing, NULL, backing_options, back_flags,
4092 g_free(full_backing);
4096 size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
4098 error_setg_errno(errp, -size, "Could not get size of '%s'",
4104 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, size, &error_abort);
4108 error_setg(errp, "Image creation needs a size parameter");
4114 printf("Formatting '%s', fmt=%s ", filename, fmt);
4115 qemu_opts_print(opts, " ");
4119 ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, opts, &local_err);
4121 if (ret == -EFBIG) {
4122 /* This is generally a better message than whatever the driver would
4123 * deliver (especially because of the cluster_size_hint), since that
4124 * is most probably not much different from "image too large". */
4125 const char *cluster_size_hint = "";
4126 if (qemu_opt_get_size(opts, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE, 0)) {
4127 cluster_size_hint = " (try using a larger cluster size)";
4129 error_setg(errp, "The image size is too large for file format '%s'"
4130 "%s", fmt, cluster_size_hint);
4131 error_free(local_err);
4136 qemu_opts_del(opts);
4137 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
4138 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
4141 AioContext *bdrv_get_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
4143 return bs->aio_context;
4146 static void bdrv_do_remove_aio_context_notifier(BdrvAioNotifier *ban)
4148 QLIST_REMOVE(ban, list);
4152 void bdrv_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
4154 BdrvAioNotifier *baf, *baf_tmp;
4161 assert(!bs->walking_aio_notifiers);
4162 bs->walking_aio_notifiers = true;
4163 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(baf, &bs->aio_notifiers, list, baf_tmp) {
4165 bdrv_do_remove_aio_context_notifier(baf);
4167 baf->detach_aio_context(baf->opaque);
4170 /* Never mind iterating again to check for ->deleted. bdrv_close() will
4171 * remove remaining aio notifiers if we aren't called again.
4173 bs->walking_aio_notifiers = false;
4175 if (bs->drv->bdrv_detach_aio_context) {
4176 bs->drv->bdrv_detach_aio_context(bs);
4178 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
4179 bdrv_detach_aio_context(child->bs);
4182 bs->aio_context = NULL;
4185 void bdrv_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
4186 AioContext *new_context)
4188 BdrvAioNotifier *ban, *ban_tmp;
4195 bs->aio_context = new_context;
4197 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
4198 bdrv_attach_aio_context(child->bs, new_context);
4200 if (bs->drv->bdrv_attach_aio_context) {
4201 bs->drv->bdrv_attach_aio_context(bs, new_context);
4204 assert(!bs->walking_aio_notifiers);
4205 bs->walking_aio_notifiers = true;
4206 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(ban, &bs->aio_notifiers, list, ban_tmp) {
4208 bdrv_do_remove_aio_context_notifier(ban);
4210 ban->attached_aio_context(new_context, ban->opaque);
4213 bs->walking_aio_notifiers = false;
4216 void bdrv_set_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs, AioContext *new_context)
4218 bdrv_drain(bs); /* ensure there are no in-flight requests */
4220 bdrv_detach_aio_context(bs);
4222 /* This function executes in the old AioContext so acquire the new one in
4223 * case it runs in a different thread.
4225 aio_context_acquire(new_context);
4226 bdrv_attach_aio_context(bs, new_context);
4227 aio_context_release(new_context);
4230 void bdrv_add_aio_context_notifier(BlockDriverState *bs,
4231 void (*attached_aio_context)(AioContext *new_context, void *opaque),
4232 void (*detach_aio_context)(void *opaque), void *opaque)
4234 BdrvAioNotifier *ban = g_new(BdrvAioNotifier, 1);
4235 *ban = (BdrvAioNotifier){
4236 .attached_aio_context = attached_aio_context,
4237 .detach_aio_context = detach_aio_context,
4241 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bs->aio_notifiers, ban, list);
4244 void bdrv_remove_aio_context_notifier(BlockDriverState *bs,
4245 void (*attached_aio_context)(AioContext *,
4247 void (*detach_aio_context)(void *),
4250 BdrvAioNotifier *ban, *ban_next;
4252 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(ban, &bs->aio_notifiers, list, ban_next) {
4253 if (ban->attached_aio_context == attached_aio_context &&
4254 ban->detach_aio_context == detach_aio_context &&
4255 ban->opaque == opaque &&
4256 ban->deleted == false)
4258 if (bs->walking_aio_notifiers) {
4259 ban->deleted = true;
4261 bdrv_do_remove_aio_context_notifier(ban);
4270 int bdrv_amend_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QemuOpts *opts,
4271 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb, void *cb_opaque)
4273 if (!bs->drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
4276 return bs->drv->bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, status_cb, cb_opaque);
4279 /* This function will be called by the bdrv_recurse_is_first_non_filter method
4280 * of block filter and by bdrv_is_first_non_filter.
4281 * It is used to test if the given bs is the candidate or recurse more in the
4284 bool bdrv_recurse_is_first_non_filter(BlockDriverState *bs,
4285 BlockDriverState *candidate)
4287 /* return false if basic checks fails */
4288 if (!bs || !bs->drv) {
4292 /* the code reached a non block filter driver -> check if the bs is
4293 * the same as the candidate. It's the recursion termination condition.
4295 if (!bs->drv->is_filter) {
4296 return bs == candidate;
4298 /* Down this path the driver is a block filter driver */
4300 /* If the block filter recursion method is defined use it to recurse down
4303 if (bs->drv->bdrv_recurse_is_first_non_filter) {
4304 return bs->drv->bdrv_recurse_is_first_non_filter(bs, candidate);
4307 /* the driver is a block filter but don't allow to recurse -> return false
4312 /* This function checks if the candidate is the first non filter bs down it's
4313 * bs chain. Since we don't have pointers to parents it explore all bs chains
4314 * from the top. Some filters can choose not to pass down the recursion.
4316 bool bdrv_is_first_non_filter(BlockDriverState *candidate)
4318 BlockDriverState *bs;
4319 BdrvNextIterator it;
4321 /* walk down the bs forest recursively */
4322 for (bs = bdrv_first(&it); bs; bs = bdrv_next(&it)) {
4325 /* try to recurse in this top level bs */
4326 perm = bdrv_recurse_is_first_non_filter(bs, candidate);
4328 /* candidate is the first non filter */
4337 BlockDriverState *check_to_replace_node(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
4338 const char *node_name, Error **errp)
4340 BlockDriverState *to_replace_bs = bdrv_find_node(node_name);
4341 AioContext *aio_context;
4343 if (!to_replace_bs) {
4344 error_setg(errp, "Node name '%s' not found", node_name);
4348 aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(to_replace_bs);
4349 aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
4351 if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(to_replace_bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_REPLACE, errp)) {
4352 to_replace_bs = NULL;
4356 /* We don't want arbitrary node of the BDS chain to be replaced only the top
4357 * most non filter in order to prevent data corruption.
4358 * Another benefit is that this tests exclude backing files which are
4359 * blocked by the backing blockers.
4361 if (!bdrv_recurse_is_first_non_filter(parent_bs, to_replace_bs)) {
4362 error_setg(errp, "Only top most non filter can be replaced");
4363 to_replace_bs = NULL;
4368 aio_context_release(aio_context);
4369 return to_replace_bs;
4372 static bool append_open_options(QDict *d, BlockDriverState *bs)
4374 const QDictEntry *entry;
4377 bool found_any = false;
4380 for (entry = qdict_first(bs->options); entry;
4381 entry = qdict_next(bs->options, entry))
4383 /* Exclude options for children */
4384 QLIST_FOREACH(child, &bs->children, next) {
4385 if (strstart(qdict_entry_key(entry), child->name, &p)
4386 && (!*p || *p == '.'))
4395 /* And exclude all non-driver-specific options */
4396 for (desc = bdrv_runtime_opts.desc; desc->name; desc++) {
4397 if (!strcmp(qdict_entry_key(entry), desc->name)) {
4405 qobject_incref(qdict_entry_value(entry));
4406 qdict_put_obj(d, qdict_entry_key(entry), qdict_entry_value(entry));
4413 /* Updates the following BDS fields:
4414 * - exact_filename: A filename which may be used for opening a block device
4415 * which (mostly) equals the given BDS (even without any
4416 * other options; so reading and writing must return the same
4417 * results, but caching etc. may be different)
4418 * - full_open_options: Options which, when given when opening a block device
4419 * (without a filename), result in a BDS (mostly)
4420 * equalling the given one
4421 * - filename: If exact_filename is set, it is copied here. Otherwise,
4422 * full_open_options is converted to a JSON object, prefixed with
4423 * "json:" (for use through the JSON pseudo protocol) and put here.
4425 void bdrv_refresh_filename(BlockDriverState *bs)
4427 BlockDriver *drv = bs->drv;
4434 /* This BDS's file name will most probably depend on its file's name, so
4435 * refresh that first */
4437 bdrv_refresh_filename(bs->file->bs);
4440 if (drv->bdrv_refresh_filename) {
4441 /* Obsolete information is of no use here, so drop the old file name
4442 * information before refreshing it */
4443 bs->exact_filename[0] = '\0';
4444 if (bs->full_open_options) {
4445 QDECREF(bs->full_open_options);
4446 bs->full_open_options = NULL;
4450 append_open_options(opts, bs);
4451 drv->bdrv_refresh_filename(bs, opts);
4453 } else if (bs->file) {
4454 /* Try to reconstruct valid information from the underlying file */
4455 bool has_open_options;
4457 bs->exact_filename[0] = '\0';
4458 if (bs->full_open_options) {
4459 QDECREF(bs->full_open_options);
4460 bs->full_open_options = NULL;
4464 has_open_options = append_open_options(opts, bs);
4466 /* If no specific options have been given for this BDS, the filename of
4467 * the underlying file should suffice for this one as well */
4468 if (bs->file->bs->exact_filename[0] && !has_open_options) {
4469 strcpy(bs->exact_filename, bs->file->bs->exact_filename);
4471 /* Reconstructing the full options QDict is simple for most format block
4472 * drivers, as long as the full options are known for the underlying
4473 * file BDS. The full options QDict of that file BDS should somehow
4474 * contain a representation of the filename, therefore the following
4475 * suffices without querying the (exact_)filename of this BDS. */
4476 if (bs->file->bs->full_open_options) {
4477 qdict_put_obj(opts, "driver",
4478 QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(drv->format_name)));
4479 QINCREF(bs->file->bs->full_open_options);
4480 qdict_put_obj(opts, "file",
4481 QOBJECT(bs->file->bs->full_open_options));
4483 bs->full_open_options = opts;
4487 } else if (!bs->full_open_options && qdict_size(bs->options)) {
4488 /* There is no underlying file BDS (at least referenced by BDS.file),
4489 * so the full options QDict should be equal to the options given
4490 * specifically for this block device when it was opened (plus the
4491 * driver specification).
4492 * Because those options don't change, there is no need to update
4493 * full_open_options when it's already set. */
4496 append_open_options(opts, bs);
4497 qdict_put_obj(opts, "driver",
4498 QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(drv->format_name)));
4500 if (bs->exact_filename[0]) {
4501 /* This may not work for all block protocol drivers (some may
4502 * require this filename to be parsed), but we have to find some
4503 * default solution here, so just include it. If some block driver
4504 * does not support pure options without any filename at all or
4505 * needs some special format of the options QDict, it needs to
4506 * implement the driver-specific bdrv_refresh_filename() function.
4508 qdict_put_obj(opts, "filename",
4509 QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(bs->exact_filename)));
4512 bs->full_open_options = opts;
4515 if (bs->exact_filename[0]) {
4516 pstrcpy(bs->filename, sizeof(bs->filename), bs->exact_filename);
4517 } else if (bs->full_open_options) {
4518 QString *json = qobject_to_json(QOBJECT(bs->full_open_options));
4519 snprintf(bs->filename, sizeof(bs->filename), "json:%s",
4520 qstring_get_str(json));
4526 * Hot add/remove a BDS's child. So the user can take a child offline when
4527 * it is broken and take a new child online
4529 void bdrv_add_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs, BlockDriverState *child_bs,
4533 if (!parent_bs->drv || !parent_bs->drv->bdrv_add_child) {
4534 error_setg(errp, "The node %s does not support adding a child",
4535 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(parent_bs));
4539 if (!QLIST_EMPTY(&child_bs->parents)) {
4540 error_setg(errp, "The node %s already has a parent",
4541 child_bs->node_name);
4545 parent_bs->drv->bdrv_add_child(parent_bs, child_bs, errp);
4548 void bdrv_del_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs, BdrvChild *child, Error **errp)
4552 if (!parent_bs->drv || !parent_bs->drv->bdrv_del_child) {
4553 error_setg(errp, "The node %s does not support removing a child",
4554 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(parent_bs));
4558 QLIST_FOREACH(tmp, &parent_bs->children, next) {
4565 error_setg(errp, "The node %s does not have a child named %s",
4566 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(parent_bs),
4567 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(child->bs));
4571 parent_bs->drv->bdrv_del_child(parent_bs, child, errp);