2 * Block driver for the VMDK format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
5 * Copyright (c) 2005 Filip Navara
7 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
17 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 #include "qemu-common.h"
27 #include "block/block_int.h"
28 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
29 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
30 #include "qemu/module.h"
31 #include "migration/migration.h"
35 #define VMDK3_MAGIC (('C' << 24) | ('O' << 16) | ('W' << 8) | 'D')
36 #define VMDK4_MAGIC (('K' << 24) | ('D' << 16) | ('M' << 8) | 'V')
37 #define VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE 1
38 #define VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT (1 << 0)
39 #define VMDK4_FLAG_RGD (1 << 1)
40 /* Zeroed-grain enable bit */
41 #define VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN (1 << 2)
42 #define VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS (1 << 16)
43 #define VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER (1 << 17)
44 #define VMDK4_GD_AT_END 0xffffffffffffffffULL
46 #define VMDK_GTE_ZEROED 0x1
48 /* VMDK internal error codes */
50 #define VMDK_ERROR (-1)
51 /* Cluster not allocated */
52 #define VMDK_UNALLOC (-2)
53 #define VMDK_ZEROED (-3)
55 #define BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN "zeroed_grain"
60 uint32_t disk_sectors;
62 uint32_t l1dir_offset;
64 uint32_t file_sectors;
67 uint32_t sectors_per_track;
68 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK3Header;
77 /* Number of GrainTableEntries per GrainTable */
78 uint32_t num_gtes_per_gt;
81 uint64_t grain_offset;
84 uint16_t compressAlgorithm;
85 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK4Header;
87 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
89 typedef struct VmdkExtent {
98 int64_t flat_start_offset;
99 int64_t l1_table_offset;
100 int64_t l1_backup_table_offset;
102 uint32_t *l1_backup_table;
103 unsigned int l1_size;
104 uint32_t l1_entry_sectors;
106 unsigned int l2_size;
108 uint32_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
109 uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
111 int64_t cluster_sectors;
112 int64_t next_cluster_sector;
116 typedef struct BDRVVmdkState {
118 uint64_t desc_offset;
124 /* Extent array with num_extents entries, ascend ordered by address */
126 Error *migration_blocker;
130 typedef struct VmdkMetaData {
131 unsigned int l1_index;
132 unsigned int l2_index;
133 unsigned int l2_offset;
135 uint32_t *l2_cache_entry;
138 typedef struct VmdkGrainMarker {
142 } QEMU_PACKED VmdkGrainMarker;
145 MARKER_END_OF_STREAM = 0,
146 MARKER_GRAIN_TABLE = 1,
147 MARKER_GRAIN_DIRECTORY = 2,
151 static int vmdk_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
158 magic = be32_to_cpu(*(uint32_t *)buf);
159 if (magic == VMDK3_MAGIC ||
160 magic == VMDK4_MAGIC) {
163 const char *p = (const char *)buf;
164 const char *end = p + buf_size;
167 /* skip comment line */
168 while (p < end && *p != '\n') {
175 while (p < end && *p == ' ') {
178 /* skip '\r' if windows line endings used. */
179 if (p < end && *p == '\r') {
182 /* only accept blank lines before 'version=' line */
183 if (p == end || *p != '\n') {
189 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\n")) {
190 if (strncmp("version=1\n", p, strlen("version=1\n")) == 0 ||
191 strncmp("version=2\n", p, strlen("version=2\n")) == 0) {
195 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\r\n")) {
196 if (strncmp("version=1\r\n", p, strlen("version=1\r\n")) == 0 ||
197 strncmp("version=2\r\n", p, strlen("version=2\r\n")) == 0) {
207 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
208 #define DESC_SIZE (20 * SECTOR_SIZE) /* 20 sectors of 512 bytes each */
209 #define BUF_SIZE 4096
210 #define HEADER_SIZE 512 /* first sector of 512 bytes */
212 static void vmdk_free_extents(BlockDriverState *bs)
215 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
218 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
222 g_free(e->l1_backup_table);
224 if (e->file != bs->file) {
225 bdrv_unref_child(bs, e->file);
231 static void vmdk_free_last_extent(BlockDriverState *bs)
233 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
235 if (s->num_extents == 0) {
239 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents);
242 static uint32_t vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent)
244 char desc[DESC_SIZE];
245 uint32_t cid = 0xffffffff;
246 const char *p_name, *cid_str;
248 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
251 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
257 cid_str = "parentCID";
258 cid_str_size = sizeof("parentCID");
261 cid_str_size = sizeof("CID");
264 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
265 p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
266 if (p_name != NULL) {
267 p_name += cid_str_size;
268 sscanf(p_name, "%" SCNx32, &cid);
274 static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
276 char desc[DESC_SIZE], tmp_desc[DESC_SIZE];
277 char *p_name, *tmp_str;
278 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
281 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
286 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
287 tmp_str = strstr(desc, "parentCID");
288 if (tmp_str == NULL) {
292 pstrcpy(tmp_desc, sizeof(tmp_desc), tmp_str);
293 p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
294 if (p_name != NULL) {
295 p_name += sizeof("CID");
296 snprintf(p_name, sizeof(desc) - (p_name - desc), "%" PRIx32 "\n", cid);
297 pstrcat(desc, sizeof(desc), tmp_desc);
300 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
308 static int vmdk_is_cid_valid(BlockDriverState *bs)
310 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
313 if (!s->cid_checked && bs->backing) {
314 BlockDriverState *p_bs = bs->backing->bs;
316 cur_pcid = vmdk_read_cid(p_bs, 0);
317 if (s->parent_cid != cur_pcid) {
322 s->cid_checked = true;
327 /* We have nothing to do for VMDK reopen, stubs just return success */
328 static int vmdk_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
329 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
331 assert(state != NULL);
332 assert(state->bs != NULL);
336 static int vmdk_parent_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
339 char desc[DESC_SIZE + 1];
340 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
343 desc[DESC_SIZE] = '\0';
344 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
349 p_name = strstr(desc, "parentFileNameHint");
350 if (p_name != NULL) {
353 p_name += sizeof("parentFileNameHint") + 1;
354 end_name = strchr(p_name, '\"');
355 if (end_name == NULL) {
358 if ((end_name - p_name) > sizeof(bs->backing_file) - 1) {
362 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, end_name - p_name + 1, p_name);
368 /* Create and append extent to the extent array. Return the added VmdkExtent
369 * address. return NULL if allocation failed. */
370 static int vmdk_add_extent(BlockDriverState *bs,
371 BdrvChild *file, bool flat, int64_t sectors,
372 int64_t l1_offset, int64_t l1_backup_offset,
374 int l2_size, uint64_t cluster_sectors,
375 VmdkExtent **new_extent,
379 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
382 if (cluster_sectors > 0x200000) {
383 /* 0x200000 * 512Bytes = 1GB for one cluster is unrealistic */
384 error_setg(errp, "Invalid granularity, image may be corrupt");
387 if (l1_size > 512 * 1024 * 1024) {
388 /* Although with big capacity and small l1_entry_sectors, we can get a
389 * big l1_size, we don't want unbounded value to allocate the table.
390 * Limit it to 512M, which is 16PB for default cluster and L2 table
392 error_setg(errp, "L1 size too big");
396 nb_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs);
397 if (nb_sectors < 0) {
401 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents + 1);
402 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents];
405 memset(extent, 0, sizeof(VmdkExtent));
408 extent->sectors = sectors;
409 extent->l1_table_offset = l1_offset;
410 extent->l1_backup_table_offset = l1_backup_offset;
411 extent->l1_size = l1_size;
412 extent->l1_entry_sectors = l2_size * cluster_sectors;
413 extent->l2_size = l2_size;
414 extent->cluster_sectors = flat ? sectors : cluster_sectors;
415 extent->next_cluster_sector = ROUND_UP(nb_sectors, cluster_sectors);
417 if (s->num_extents > 1) {
418 extent->end_sector = (*(extent - 1)).end_sector + extent->sectors;
420 extent->end_sector = extent->sectors;
422 bs->total_sectors = extent->end_sector;
424 *new_extent = extent;
429 static int vmdk_init_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, VmdkExtent *extent,
436 /* read the L1 table */
437 l1_size = extent->l1_size * sizeof(uint32_t);
438 extent->l1_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
439 if (l1_size && extent->l1_table == NULL) {
443 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
444 extent->l1_table_offset,
448 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
449 "Could not read l1 table from extent '%s'",
450 extent->file->bs->filename);
453 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
454 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_table[i]);
457 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset) {
458 extent->l1_backup_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
459 if (l1_size && extent->l1_backup_table == NULL) {
463 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
464 extent->l1_backup_table_offset,
465 extent->l1_backup_table,
468 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
469 "Could not read l1 backup table from extent '%s'",
470 extent->file->bs->filename);
473 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
474 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_backup_table[i]);
479 g_new(uint32_t, extent->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE);
482 g_free(extent->l1_backup_table);
484 g_free(extent->l1_table);
488 static int vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
490 int flags, Error **errp)
497 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
499 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
500 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
504 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
505 le32_to_cpu(header.disk_sectors),
506 (int64_t)le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_offset) << 9,
508 le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_size),
510 le32_to_cpu(header.granularity),
516 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
518 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
519 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
524 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
525 QDict *options, Error **errp);
527 static char *vmdk_read_desc(BlockDriverState *file, uint64_t desc_offset,
534 size = bdrv_getlength(file);
536 error_setg_errno(errp, -size, "Could not access file");
541 /* Both descriptor file and sparse image must be much larger than 4
542 * bytes, also callers of vmdk_read_desc want to compare the first 4
543 * bytes with VMDK4_MAGIC, let's error out if less is read. */
544 error_setg(errp, "File is too small, not a valid image");
548 size = MIN(size, (1 << 20) - 1); /* avoid unbounded allocation */
549 buf = g_malloc(size + 1);
551 ret = bdrv_pread(file, desc_offset, buf, size);
553 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read from file");
562 static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
564 int flags, QDict *options, Error **errp)
568 uint32_t l1_size, l1_entry_sectors;
571 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
572 int64_t l1_backup_offset = 0;
574 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
576 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
577 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
581 if (header.capacity == 0) {
582 uint64_t desc_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.desc_offset);
584 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(file->bs, desc_offset << 9, errp);
588 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
594 if (!s->create_type) {
595 s->create_type = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
598 if (le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) == VMDK4_GD_AT_END) {
600 * The footer takes precedence over the header, so read it in. The
601 * footer starts at offset -1024 from the end: One sector for the
602 * footer, and another one for the end-of-stream marker.
609 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
610 } QEMU_PACKED footer_marker;
614 uint8_t pad[512 - 4 - sizeof(VMDK4Header)];
620 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
621 } QEMU_PACKED eos_marker;
622 } QEMU_PACKED footer;
624 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs,
625 bs->file->bs->total_sectors * 512 - 1536,
626 &footer, sizeof(footer));
628 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read footer");
632 /* Some sanity checks for the footer */
633 if (be32_to_cpu(footer.magic) != VMDK4_MAGIC ||
634 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.size) != 0 ||
635 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.type) != MARKER_FOOTER ||
636 le64_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.val) != 0 ||
637 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.size) != 0 ||
638 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.type) != MARKER_END_OF_STREAM)
640 error_setg(errp, "Invalid footer");
644 header = footer.header;
647 if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) > 3) {
649 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "VMDK version %" PRId32,
650 le32_to_cpu(header.version));
651 error_setg(errp, QERR_UNKNOWN_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE,
652 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs), "vmdk", buf);
654 } else if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) == 3 && (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR)) {
655 /* VMware KB 2064959 explains that version 3 added support for
656 * persistent changed block tracking (CBT), and backup software can
657 * read it as version=1 if it doesn't care about the changed area
658 * information. So we are safe to enable read only. */
659 error_setg(errp, "VMDK version 3 must be read only");
663 if (le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt) > 512) {
664 error_setg(errp, "L2 table size too big");
668 l1_entry_sectors = le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt)
669 * le64_to_cpu(header.granularity);
670 if (l1_entry_sectors == 0) {
671 error_setg(errp, "L1 entry size is invalid");
674 l1_size = (le64_to_cpu(header.capacity) + l1_entry_sectors - 1)
676 if (le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_RGD) {
677 l1_backup_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9;
679 if (bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs) < le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)) {
680 error_setg(errp, "File truncated, expecting at least %" PRId64 " bytes",
681 (int64_t)(le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)
682 * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
686 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
687 le64_to_cpu(header.capacity),
688 le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9,
691 le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt),
692 le64_to_cpu(header.granularity),
699 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
700 if (extent->compressed) {
701 g_free(s->create_type);
702 s->create_type = g_strdup("streamOptimized");
704 extent->has_marker = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER;
705 extent->version = le32_to_cpu(header.version);
706 extent->has_zero_grain = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN;
707 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
709 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
710 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
715 /* find an option value out of descriptor file */
716 static int vmdk_parse_description(const char *desc, const char *opt_name,
717 char *buf, int buf_size)
719 char *opt_pos, *opt_end;
720 const char *end = desc + strlen(desc);
722 opt_pos = strstr(desc, opt_name);
726 /* Skip "=\"" following opt_name */
727 opt_pos += strlen(opt_name) + 2;
728 if (opt_pos >= end) {
732 while (opt_end < end && *opt_end != '"') {
735 if (opt_end == end || buf_size < opt_end - opt_pos + 1) {
738 pstrcpy(buf, opt_end - opt_pos + 1, opt_pos);
742 /* Open an extent file and append to bs array */
743 static int vmdk_open_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvChild *file, int flags,
744 char *buf, QDict *options, Error **errp)
748 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
751 return vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(bs, file, flags, errp);
754 return vmdk_open_vmdk4(bs, file, flags, options, errp);
757 error_setg(errp, "Image not in VMDK format");
763 static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
764 const char *desc_file_path, QDict *options,
772 const char *p = desc;
776 BdrvChild *extent_file;
777 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
779 char extent_opt_prefix[32];
780 Error *local_err = NULL;
783 /* parse extent line in one of below formats:
785 * RW [size in sectors] FLAT "file-name.vmdk" OFFSET
786 * RW [size in sectors] SPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
787 * RW [size in sectors] VMFS "file-name.vmdk"
788 * RW [size in sectors] VMFSSPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
791 matches = sscanf(p, "%10s %" SCNd64 " %10s \"%511[^\n\r\"]\" %" SCNd64,
792 access, §ors, type, fname, &flat_offset);
793 if (matches < 4 || strcmp(access, "RW")) {
795 } else if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
796 if (matches != 5 || flat_offset < 0) {
797 error_setg(errp, "Invalid extent lines: \n%s", p);
800 } else if (!strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
804 error_setg(errp, "Invalid extent lines:\n%s", p);
807 } else if (matches != 4) {
808 error_setg(errp, "Invalid extent lines:\n%s", p);
813 (strcmp(type, "FLAT") && strcmp(type, "SPARSE") &&
814 strcmp(type, "VMFS") && strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) ||
815 (strcmp(access, "RW"))) {
819 if (!path_is_absolute(fname) && !path_has_protocol(fname) &&
822 error_setg(errp, "Cannot use relative extent paths with VMDK "
823 "descriptor file '%s'", bs->file->bs->filename);
827 extent_path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
828 path_combine(extent_path, PATH_MAX, desc_file_path, fname);
830 ret = snprintf(extent_opt_prefix, 32, "extents.%d", s->num_extents);
833 extent_file = bdrv_open_child(extent_path, options, extent_opt_prefix,
834 bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
837 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
841 /* save to extents array */
842 if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT") || !strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
845 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, extent_file, true, sectors,
846 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &extent, errp);
848 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
851 extent->flat_start_offset = flat_offset << 9;
852 } else if (!strcmp(type, "SPARSE") || !strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) {
853 /* SPARSE extent and VMFSSPARSE extent are both "COWD" sparse file*/
854 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(extent_file->bs, 0, errp);
858 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags, buf,
863 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
866 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents - 1];
868 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported extent type '%s'", type);
869 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
872 extent->type = g_strdup(type);
874 /* move to next line */
886 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
887 QDict *options, Error **errp)
891 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
893 if (vmdk_parse_description(buf, "createType", ct, sizeof(ct))) {
894 error_setg(errp, "invalid VMDK image descriptor");
898 if (strcmp(ct, "monolithicFlat") &&
899 strcmp(ct, "vmfs") &&
900 strcmp(ct, "vmfsSparse") &&
901 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
902 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat")) {
903 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported image type '%s'", ct);
907 s->create_type = g_strdup(ct);
909 ret = vmdk_parse_extents(buf, bs, bs->file->bs->exact_filename, options,
915 static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
920 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
923 buf = vmdk_read_desc(bs->file->bs, 0, errp);
928 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
932 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, bs->file, flags, buf, options,
934 s->desc_offset = 0x200;
937 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
944 /* try to open parent images, if exist */
945 ret = vmdk_parent_open(bs);
949 s->cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0);
950 s->parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 1);
951 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
953 /* Disable migration when VMDK images are used */
954 error_setg(&s->migration_blocker, "The vmdk format used by node '%s' "
955 "does not support live migration",
956 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
957 migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
963 g_free(s->create_type);
964 s->create_type = NULL;
965 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
970 static void vmdk_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
972 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
975 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
976 if (!s->extents[i].flat) {
977 bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment =
978 MAX(bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment,
979 s->extents[i].cluster_sectors);
987 * Copy backing file's cluster that covers @sector_num, otherwise write zero,
988 * to the cluster at @cluster_sector_num.
990 * If @skip_start_sector < @skip_end_sector, the relative range
991 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) is not copied or written, and leave
992 * it for call to write user data in the request.
994 static int get_whole_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs,
996 uint64_t cluster_sector_num,
998 uint64_t skip_start_sector,
999 uint64_t skip_end_sector)
1002 int64_t cluster_bytes;
1003 uint8_t *whole_grain;
1005 /* For COW, align request sector_num to cluster start */
1006 sector_num = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(sector_num, extent->cluster_sectors);
1007 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1008 whole_grain = qemu_blockalign(bs, cluster_bytes);
1011 memset(whole_grain, 0, skip_start_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1012 memset(whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS), 0,
1013 cluster_bytes - (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS));
1016 assert(skip_end_sector <= extent->cluster_sectors);
1017 /* we will be here if it's first write on non-exist grain(cluster).
1018 * try to read from parent image, if exist */
1019 if (bs->backing && !vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1024 /* Read backing data before skip range */
1025 if (skip_start_sector > 0) {
1027 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num,
1028 whole_grain, skip_start_sector);
1034 ret = bdrv_write(extent->file->bs, cluster_sector_num, whole_grain,
1041 /* Read backing data after skip range */
1042 if (skip_end_sector < extent->cluster_sectors) {
1044 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num + skip_end_sector,
1045 whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS),
1046 extent->cluster_sectors - skip_end_sector);
1052 ret = bdrv_write(extent->file->bs, cluster_sector_num + skip_end_sector,
1053 whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS),
1054 extent->cluster_sectors - skip_end_sector);
1062 qemu_vfree(whole_grain);
1066 static int vmdk_L2update(VmdkExtent *extent, VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1069 offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
1070 /* update L2 table */
1071 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
1073 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1074 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1075 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1078 /* update backup L2 table */
1079 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset != 0) {
1080 m_data->l2_offset = extent->l1_backup_table[m_data->l1_index];
1081 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
1083 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1084 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1085 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1089 if (m_data->l2_cache_entry) {
1090 *m_data->l2_cache_entry = offset;
1097 * get_cluster_offset
1099 * Look up cluster offset in extent file by sector number, and store in
1102 * For flat extents, the start offset as parsed from the description file is
1105 * For sparse extents, look up in L1, L2 table. If allocate is true, return an
1106 * offset for a new cluster and update L2 cache. If there is a backing file,
1107 * COW is done before returning; otherwise, zeroes are written to the allocated
1108 * cluster. Both COW and zero writing skips the sector range
1109 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) passed in by caller, because caller
1110 * has new data to write there.
1112 * Returns: VMDK_OK if cluster exists and mapped in the image.
1113 * VMDK_UNALLOC if cluster is not mapped and @allocate is false.
1114 * VMDK_ERROR if failed.
1116 static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
1118 VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1121 uint64_t *cluster_offset,
1122 uint64_t skip_start_sector,
1123 uint64_t skip_end_sector)
1125 unsigned int l1_index, l2_offset, l2_index;
1126 int min_index, i, j;
1127 uint32_t min_count, *l2_table;
1128 bool zeroed = false;
1130 int64_t cluster_sector;
1136 *cluster_offset = extent->flat_start_offset;
1140 offset -= (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * SECTOR_SIZE;
1141 l1_index = (offset >> 9) / extent->l1_entry_sectors;
1142 if (l1_index >= extent->l1_size) {
1145 l2_offset = extent->l1_table[l1_index];
1147 return VMDK_UNALLOC;
1149 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1150 if (l2_offset == extent->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
1151 /* increment the hit count */
1152 if (++extent->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
1153 for (j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
1154 extent->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
1157 l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (i * extent->l2_size);
1161 /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
1163 min_count = 0xffffffff;
1164 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1165 if (extent->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
1166 min_count = extent->l2_cache_counts[i];
1170 l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (min_index * extent->l2_size);
1173 (int64_t)l2_offset * 512,
1175 extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)
1176 ) != extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)) {
1180 extent->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
1181 extent->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
1183 l2_index = ((offset >> 9) / extent->cluster_sectors) % extent->l2_size;
1184 cluster_sector = le32_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]);
1188 m_data->l1_index = l1_index;
1189 m_data->l2_index = l2_index;
1190 m_data->l2_offset = l2_offset;
1191 m_data->l2_cache_entry = &l2_table[l2_index];
1193 if (extent->has_zero_grain && cluster_sector == VMDK_GTE_ZEROED) {
1197 if (!cluster_sector || zeroed) {
1199 return zeroed ? VMDK_ZEROED : VMDK_UNALLOC;
1202 cluster_sector = extent->next_cluster_sector;
1203 extent->next_cluster_sector += extent->cluster_sectors;
1205 /* First of all we write grain itself, to avoid race condition
1206 * that may to corrupt the image.
1207 * This problem may occur because of insufficient space on host disk
1208 * or inappropriate VM shutdown.
1210 ret = get_whole_cluster(bs, extent,
1212 offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1213 skip_start_sector, skip_end_sector);
1218 *cluster_offset = cluster_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1222 static VmdkExtent *find_extent(BDRVVmdkState *s,
1223 int64_t sector_num, VmdkExtent *start_hint)
1225 VmdkExtent *extent = start_hint;
1228 extent = &s->extents[0];
1230 while (extent < &s->extents[s->num_extents]) {
1231 if (sector_num < extent->end_sector) {
1239 static inline uint64_t vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(VmdkExtent *extent,
1242 uint64_t index_in_cluster, extent_begin_sector, extent_relative_sector_num;
1244 extent_begin_sector = extent->end_sector - extent->sectors;
1245 extent_relative_sector_num = sector_num - extent_begin_sector;
1246 index_in_cluster = extent_relative_sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1247 return index_in_cluster;
1250 static int64_t coroutine_fn vmdk_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
1251 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
1253 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1254 int64_t index_in_cluster, n, ret;
1258 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, NULL);
1262 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1263 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1264 sector_num * 512, false, &offset,
1266 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1276 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1279 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1280 if (extent->file == bs->file && !extent->compressed) {
1281 ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID | offset;
1287 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1288 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1289 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1296 static int vmdk_write_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1297 int64_t offset_in_cluster, const uint8_t *buf,
1298 int nb_sectors, int64_t sector_num)
1301 VmdkGrainMarker *data = NULL;
1303 const uint8_t *write_buf = buf;
1304 int write_len = nb_sectors * 512;
1305 int64_t write_offset;
1306 int64_t write_end_sector;
1308 if (extent->compressed) {
1309 if (!extent->has_marker) {
1313 buf_len = (extent->cluster_sectors << 9) * 2;
1314 data = g_malloc(buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker));
1315 if (compress(data->data, &buf_len, buf, nb_sectors << 9) != Z_OK ||
1320 data->lba = sector_num;
1321 data->size = buf_len;
1322 write_buf = (uint8_t *)data;
1323 write_len = buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker);
1325 write_offset = cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1326 ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file->bs, write_offset, write_buf, write_len);
1328 write_end_sector = DIV_ROUND_UP(write_offset + write_len, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1330 if (extent->compressed) {
1331 extent->next_cluster_sector = write_end_sector;
1333 extent->next_cluster_sector = MAX(extent->next_cluster_sector,
1337 if (ret != write_len) {
1338 ret = ret < 0 ? ret : -EIO;
1347 static int vmdk_read_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1348 int64_t offset_in_cluster, uint8_t *buf,
1352 int cluster_bytes, buf_bytes;
1353 uint8_t *cluster_buf, *compressed_data;
1354 uint8_t *uncomp_buf;
1356 VmdkGrainMarker *marker;
1360 if (!extent->compressed) {
1361 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
1362 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1363 buf, nb_sectors * 512);
1364 if (ret == nb_sectors * 512) {
1370 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * 512;
1371 /* Read two clusters in case GrainMarker + compressed data > one cluster */
1372 buf_bytes = cluster_bytes * 2;
1373 cluster_buf = g_malloc(buf_bytes);
1374 uncomp_buf = g_malloc(cluster_bytes);
1375 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
1377 cluster_buf, buf_bytes);
1381 compressed_data = cluster_buf;
1382 buf_len = cluster_bytes;
1383 data_len = cluster_bytes;
1384 if (extent->has_marker) {
1385 marker = (VmdkGrainMarker *)cluster_buf;
1386 compressed_data = marker->data;
1387 data_len = le32_to_cpu(marker->size);
1389 if (!data_len || data_len > buf_bytes) {
1393 ret = uncompress(uncomp_buf, &buf_len, compressed_data, data_len);
1399 if (offset_in_cluster < 0 ||
1400 offset_in_cluster + nb_sectors * 512 > buf_len) {
1404 memcpy(buf, uncomp_buf + offset_in_cluster, nb_sectors * 512);
1409 g_free(cluster_buf);
1413 static int vmdk_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1414 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1416 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1418 uint64_t n, index_in_cluster;
1419 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1420 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1422 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1423 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1427 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1428 sector_num << 9, false, &cluster_offset,
1430 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1431 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1432 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1435 if (ret != VMDK_OK) {
1436 /* if not allocated, try to read from parent image, if exist */
1437 if (bs->backing && ret != VMDK_ZEROED) {
1438 if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1441 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num, buf, n);
1446 memset(buf, 0, 512 * n);
1449 ret = vmdk_read_extent(extent,
1450 cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1463 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1464 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1467 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1468 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1469 ret = vmdk_read(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1470 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1476 * @zeroed: buf is ignored (data is zero), use zeroed_grain GTE feature
1477 * if possible, otherwise return -ENOTSUP.
1478 * @zero_dry_run: used for zeroed == true only, don't update L2 table, just try
1479 * with each cluster. By dry run we can find if the zero write
1480 * is possible without modifying image data.
1482 * Returns: error code with 0 for success.
1484 static int vmdk_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1485 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors,
1486 bool zeroed, bool zero_dry_run)
1488 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1489 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1491 int64_t index_in_cluster, n;
1492 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1493 VmdkMetaData m_data;
1495 if (sector_num > bs->total_sectors) {
1496 error_report("Wrong offset: sector_num=0x%" PRIx64
1497 " total_sectors=0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
1498 sector_num, bs->total_sectors);
1502 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1503 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1507 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1508 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1509 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1512 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, sector_num << 9,
1513 !(extent->compressed || zeroed),
1515 index_in_cluster, index_in_cluster + n);
1516 if (extent->compressed) {
1517 if (ret == VMDK_OK) {
1518 /* Refuse write to allocated cluster for streamOptimized */
1519 error_report("Could not write to allocated cluster"
1520 " for streamOptimized");
1524 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, sector_num << 9,
1525 true, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
1528 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
1532 /* Do zeroed write, buf is ignored */
1533 if (extent->has_zero_grain &&
1534 index_in_cluster == 0 &&
1535 n >= extent->cluster_sectors) {
1536 n = extent->cluster_sectors;
1537 if (!zero_dry_run) {
1538 /* update L2 tables */
1539 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data, VMDK_GTE_ZEROED)
1548 ret = vmdk_write_extent(extent,
1549 cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1550 buf, n, sector_num);
1555 /* update L2 tables */
1556 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data,
1557 cluster_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
1567 /* update CID on the first write every time the virtual disk is
1569 if (!s->cid_updated) {
1570 ret = vmdk_write_cid(bs, g_random_int());
1574 s->cid_updated = true;
1580 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1581 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1584 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1585 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1586 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors, false, false);
1587 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1591 static int vmdk_write_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs,
1596 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1597 if (s->num_extents == 1 && s->extents[0].compressed) {
1598 return vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors, false, false);
1604 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
1607 BdrvRequestFlags flags)
1610 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1611 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1612 /* write zeroes could fail if sectors not aligned to cluster, test it with
1613 * dry_run == true before really updating image */
1614 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, NULL, nb_sectors, true, true);
1616 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, NULL, nb_sectors, true, false);
1618 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1622 static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
1623 bool flat, bool compress, bool zeroed_grain,
1624 QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1627 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
1629 Error *local_err = NULL;
1630 uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_sectors, gt_size, gt_count;
1631 uint32_t *gd_buf = NULL;
1634 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
1636 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1641 ret = bdrv_open(&bs, filename, NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
1644 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1649 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, filesize);
1651 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
1655 magic = cpu_to_be32(VMDK4_MAGIC);
1656 memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
1657 header.version = zeroed_grain ? 2 : 1;
1658 header.flags = VMDK4_FLAG_RGD | VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT
1659 | (compress ? VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS | VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER : 0)
1660 | (zeroed_grain ? VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN : 0);
1661 header.compressAlgorithm = compress ? VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE : 0;
1662 header.capacity = filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1663 header.granularity = 128;
1664 header.num_gtes_per_gt = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1666 grains = DIV_ROUND_UP(filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, header.granularity);
1667 gt_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(header.num_gtes_per_gt * sizeof(uint32_t),
1669 gt_count = DIV_ROUND_UP(grains, header.num_gtes_per_gt);
1670 gd_sectors = DIV_ROUND_UP(gt_count * sizeof(uint32_t), BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1672 header.desc_offset = 1;
1673 header.desc_size = 20;
1674 header.rgd_offset = header.desc_offset + header.desc_size;
1675 header.gd_offset = header.rgd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count);
1676 header.grain_offset =
1677 ROUND_UP(header.gd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count),
1678 header.granularity);
1679 /* swap endianness for all header fields */
1680 header.version = cpu_to_le32(header.version);
1681 header.flags = cpu_to_le32(header.flags);
1682 header.capacity = cpu_to_le64(header.capacity);
1683 header.granularity = cpu_to_le64(header.granularity);
1684 header.num_gtes_per_gt = cpu_to_le32(header.num_gtes_per_gt);
1685 header.desc_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_offset);
1686 header.desc_size = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_size);
1687 header.rgd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.rgd_offset);
1688 header.gd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.gd_offset);
1689 header.grain_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.grain_offset);
1690 header.compressAlgorithm = cpu_to_le16(header.compressAlgorithm);
1692 header.check_bytes[0] = 0xa;
1693 header.check_bytes[1] = 0x20;
1694 header.check_bytes[2] = 0xd;
1695 header.check_bytes[3] = 0xa;
1697 /* write all the data */
1698 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, 0, &magic, sizeof(magic));
1700 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1703 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
1705 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1709 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) << 9);
1711 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
1715 /* write grain directory */
1716 gd_buf_size = gd_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1717 gd_buf = g_malloc0(gd_buf_size);
1718 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) + gd_sectors;
1719 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1720 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
1722 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1723 gd_buf, gd_buf_size);
1725 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1729 /* write backup grain directory */
1730 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) + gd_sectors;
1731 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1732 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
1734 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1735 gd_buf, gd_buf_size);
1737 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1750 static int filename_decompose(const char *filename, char *path, char *prefix,
1751 char *postfix, size_t buf_len, Error **errp)
1755 if (filename == NULL || !strlen(filename)) {
1756 error_setg(errp, "No filename provided");
1759 p = strrchr(filename, '/');
1761 p = strrchr(filename, '\\');
1764 p = strrchr(filename, ':');
1768 if (p - filename >= buf_len) {
1771 pstrcpy(path, p - filename + 1, filename);
1776 q = strrchr(p, '.');
1778 pstrcpy(prefix, buf_len, p);
1781 if (q - p >= buf_len) {
1784 pstrcpy(prefix, q - p + 1, p);
1785 pstrcpy(postfix, buf_len, q);
1790 static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1793 BlockDriverState *new_bs = NULL;
1794 Error *local_err = NULL;
1796 int64_t total_size = 0, filesize;
1797 char *adapter_type = NULL;
1798 char *backing_file = NULL;
1802 bool flat, split, compress;
1803 GString *ext_desc_lines;
1804 char *path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1805 char *prefix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1806 char *postfix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1807 char *desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
1808 char *ext_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1809 char *desc_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1810 const int64_t split_size = 0x80000000; /* VMDK has constant split size */
1811 const char *desc_extent_line;
1812 char *parent_desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
1813 uint32_t parent_cid = 0xffffffff;
1814 uint32_t number_heads = 16;
1815 bool zeroed_grain = false;
1816 uint32_t desc_offset = 0, desc_len;
1817 const char desc_template[] =
1818 "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
1821 "parentCID=%" PRIx32 "\n"
1822 "createType=\"%s\"\n"
1825 "# Extent description\n"
1828 "# The Disk Data Base\n"
1831 "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%d\"\n"
1832 "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
1833 "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%" PRIu32 "\"\n"
1834 "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
1835 "ddb.adapterType = \"%s\"\n";
1837 ext_desc_lines = g_string_new(NULL);
1839 if (filename_decompose(filename, path, prefix, postfix, PATH_MAX, errp)) {
1843 /* Read out options */
1844 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
1846 adapter_type = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE);
1847 backing_file = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
1848 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6, false)) {
1849 flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
1851 fmt = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT);
1852 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN, false)) {
1853 zeroed_grain = true;
1856 if (!adapter_type) {
1857 adapter_type = g_strdup("ide");
1858 } else if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") &&
1859 strcmp(adapter_type, "buslogic") &&
1860 strcmp(adapter_type, "lsilogic") &&
1861 strcmp(adapter_type, "legacyESX")) {
1862 error_setg(errp, "Unknown adapter type: '%s'", adapter_type);
1866 if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") != 0) {
1867 /* that's the number of heads with which vmware operates when
1868 creating, exporting, etc. vmdk files with a non-ide adapter type */
1872 /* Default format to monolithicSparse */
1873 fmt = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
1874 } else if (strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1875 strcmp(fmt, "monolithicSparse") &&
1876 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
1877 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1878 strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized")) {
1879 error_setg(errp, "Unknown subformat: '%s'", fmt);
1883 split = !(strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1884 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse"));
1885 flat = !(strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1886 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"));
1887 compress = !strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized");
1889 desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
1891 desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
1893 if (flat && backing_file) {
1894 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't have backing file");
1898 if (flat && zeroed_grain) {
1899 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't enable zeroed grain");
1904 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
1905 char *full_backing = g_new0(char, PATH_MAX);
1906 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(filename, backing_file,
1907 full_backing, PATH_MAX,
1910 g_free(full_backing);
1911 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1915 ret = bdrv_open(&bs, full_backing, NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, errp);
1916 g_free(full_backing);
1920 if (strcmp(bs->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
1925 parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0);
1927 snprintf(parent_desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
1928 "parentFileNameHint=\"%s\"", backing_file);
1931 /* Create extents */
1932 filesize = total_size;
1933 while (filesize > 0) {
1934 int64_t size = filesize;
1936 if (split && size > split_size) {
1940 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s-%c%03d%s",
1941 prefix, flat ? 'f' : 's', ++idx, postfix);
1943 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s-flat%s", prefix, postfix);
1945 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", prefix, postfix);
1947 snprintf(ext_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", path, desc_filename);
1949 if (vmdk_create_extent(ext_filename, size,
1950 flat, compress, zeroed_grain, opts, errp)) {
1956 /* Format description line */
1957 snprintf(desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
1958 desc_extent_line, size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, desc_filename);
1959 g_string_append(ext_desc_lines, desc_line);
1961 /* generate descriptor file */
1962 desc = g_strdup_printf(desc_template,
1967 ext_desc_lines->str,
1968 (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 ? 6 : 4),
1970 (int64_t)(63 * number_heads * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE),
1973 desc_len = strlen(desc);
1974 /* the descriptor offset = 0x200 */
1975 if (!split && !flat) {
1976 desc_offset = 0x200;
1978 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
1980 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1984 assert(new_bs == NULL);
1985 ret = bdrv_open(&new_bs, filename, NULL, NULL,
1986 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, &local_err);
1988 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1991 ret = bdrv_pwrite(new_bs, desc_offset, desc, desc_len);
1993 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write description");
1996 /* bdrv_pwrite write padding zeros to align to sector, we don't need that
1997 * for description file */
1998 if (desc_offset == 0) {
1999 ret = bdrv_truncate(new_bs, desc_len);
2001 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
2008 g_free(adapter_type);
2009 g_free(backing_file);
2016 g_free(ext_filename);
2017 g_free(desc_filename);
2018 g_free(parent_desc_line);
2019 g_string_free(ext_desc_lines, true);
2023 static void vmdk_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
2025 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2027 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
2028 g_free(s->create_type);
2030 migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
2031 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
2034 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
2036 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2040 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2041 err = bdrv_co_flush(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2049 static int64_t vmdk_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
2054 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2056 ret = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file->bs);
2060 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2061 if (s->extents[i].file == bs->file) {
2064 r = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2073 static int vmdk_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
2076 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2078 /* If has a flat extent and its underlying storage doesn't have zero init,
2080 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2081 if (s->extents[i].flat) {
2082 if (!bdrv_has_zero_init(s->extents[i].file->bs)) {
2090 static ImageInfo *vmdk_get_extent_info(VmdkExtent *extent)
2092 ImageInfo *info = g_new0(ImageInfo, 1);
2094 *info = (ImageInfo){
2095 .filename = g_strdup(extent->file->bs->filename),
2096 .format = g_strdup(extent->type),
2097 .virtual_size = extent->sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2098 .compressed = extent->compressed,
2099 .has_compressed = extent->compressed,
2100 .cluster_size = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2101 .has_cluster_size = !extent->flat,
2107 static int vmdk_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *result,
2110 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2111 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
2112 int64_t sector_num = 0;
2113 int64_t total_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
2115 uint64_t cluster_offset;
2122 if (sector_num >= total_sectors) {
2125 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
2128 "ERROR: could not find extent for sector %" PRId64 "\n",
2132 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
2133 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2134 false, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
2135 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
2137 "ERROR: could not get cluster_offset for sector %"
2138 PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
2141 if (ret == VMDK_OK &&
2142 cluster_offset >= bdrv_getlength(extent->file->bs))
2145 "ERROR: cluster offset for sector %"
2146 PRId64 " points after EOF\n", sector_num);
2149 sector_num += extent->cluster_sectors;
2152 result->corruptions++;
2156 static ImageInfoSpecific *vmdk_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs)
2159 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2160 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecific, 1);
2161 ImageInfoList **next;
2163 *spec_info = (ImageInfoSpecific){
2164 .kind = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_VMDK,
2166 .vmdk = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecificVmdk, 1),
2170 *spec_info->vmdk = (ImageInfoSpecificVmdk) {
2171 .create_type = g_strdup(s->create_type),
2173 .parent_cid = s->parent_cid,
2176 next = &spec_info->vmdk->extents;
2177 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2178 *next = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
2179 (*next)->value = vmdk_get_extent_info(&s->extents[i]);
2180 (*next)->next = NULL;
2181 next = &(*next)->next;
2187 static bool vmdk_extents_type_eq(const VmdkExtent *a, const VmdkExtent *b)
2189 return a->flat == b->flat &&
2190 a->compressed == b->compressed &&
2191 (a->flat || a->cluster_sectors == b->cluster_sectors);
2194 static int vmdk_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
2197 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2198 assert(s->num_extents);
2200 /* See if we have multiple extents but they have different cases */
2201 for (i = 1; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2202 if (!vmdk_extents_type_eq(&s->extents[0], &s->extents[i])) {
2206 bdi->needs_compressed_writes = s->extents[0].compressed;
2207 if (!s->extents[0].flat) {
2208 bdi->cluster_size = s->extents[0].cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
2213 static void vmdk_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
2215 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2218 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2219 bdrv_detach_aio_context(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2223 static void vmdk_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
2224 AioContext *new_context)
2226 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2229 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2230 bdrv_attach_aio_context(s->extents[i].file->bs, new_context);
2234 static QemuOptsList vmdk_create_opts = {
2235 .name = "vmdk-create-opts",
2236 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vmdk_create_opts.head),
2239 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
2240 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
2241 .help = "Virtual disk size"
2244 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE,
2245 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2246 .help = "Virtual adapter type, can be one of "
2247 "ide (default), lsilogic, buslogic or legacyESX"
2250 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
2251 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2252 .help = "File name of a base image"
2255 .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6,
2256 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2257 .help = "VMDK version 6 image",
2258 .def_value_str = "off"
2261 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT,
2262 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2264 "VMDK flat extent format, can be one of "
2265 "{monolithicSparse (default) | monolithicFlat | twoGbMaxExtentSparse | twoGbMaxExtentFlat | streamOptimized} "
2268 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN,
2269 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2270 .help = "Enable efficient zero writes "
2271 "using the zeroed-grain GTE feature"
2273 { /* end of list */ }
2277 static BlockDriver bdrv_vmdk = {
2278 .format_name = "vmdk",
2279 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVVmdkState),
2280 .bdrv_probe = vmdk_probe,
2281 .bdrv_open = vmdk_open,
2282 .bdrv_check = vmdk_check,
2283 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vmdk_reopen_prepare,
2284 .bdrv_read = vmdk_co_read,
2285 .bdrv_write = vmdk_co_write,
2286 .bdrv_write_compressed = vmdk_write_compressed,
2287 .bdrv_co_write_zeroes = vmdk_co_write_zeroes,
2288 .bdrv_close = vmdk_close,
2289 .bdrv_create = vmdk_create,
2290 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = vmdk_co_flush,
2291 .bdrv_co_get_block_status = vmdk_co_get_block_status,
2292 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size = vmdk_get_allocated_file_size,
2293 .bdrv_has_zero_init = vmdk_has_zero_init,
2294 .bdrv_get_specific_info = vmdk_get_specific_info,
2295 .bdrv_refresh_limits = vmdk_refresh_limits,
2296 .bdrv_get_info = vmdk_get_info,
2297 .bdrv_detach_aio_context = vmdk_detach_aio_context,
2298 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = vmdk_attach_aio_context,
2300 .supports_backing = true,
2301 .create_opts = &vmdk_create_opts,
2304 static void bdrv_vmdk_init(void)
2306 bdrv_register(&bdrv_vmdk);
2309 block_init(bdrv_vmdk_init);