2 * Block driver for the VMDK format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
5 * Copyright (c) 2005 Filip Navara
7 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
17 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
28 #include "block/block_int.h"
29 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
30 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
31 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
32 #include "qemu/module.h"
33 #include "migration/migration.h"
37 #define VMDK3_MAGIC (('C' << 24) | ('O' << 16) | ('W' << 8) | 'D')
38 #define VMDK4_MAGIC (('K' << 24) | ('D' << 16) | ('M' << 8) | 'V')
39 #define VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE 1
40 #define VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT (1 << 0)
41 #define VMDK4_FLAG_RGD (1 << 1)
42 /* Zeroed-grain enable bit */
43 #define VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN (1 << 2)
44 #define VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS (1 << 16)
45 #define VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER (1 << 17)
46 #define VMDK4_GD_AT_END 0xffffffffffffffffULL
48 #define VMDK_GTE_ZEROED 0x1
50 /* VMDK internal error codes */
52 #define VMDK_ERROR (-1)
53 /* Cluster not allocated */
54 #define VMDK_UNALLOC (-2)
55 #define VMDK_ZEROED (-3)
57 #define BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN "zeroed_grain"
62 uint32_t disk_sectors;
64 uint32_t l1dir_offset;
66 uint32_t file_sectors;
69 uint32_t sectors_per_track;
70 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK3Header;
79 /* Number of GrainTableEntries per GrainTable */
80 uint32_t num_gtes_per_gt;
83 uint64_t grain_offset;
86 uint16_t compressAlgorithm;
87 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK4Header;
89 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
91 typedef struct VmdkExtent {
100 int64_t flat_start_offset;
101 int64_t l1_table_offset;
102 int64_t l1_backup_table_offset;
104 uint32_t *l1_backup_table;
105 unsigned int l1_size;
106 uint32_t l1_entry_sectors;
108 unsigned int l2_size;
110 uint32_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
111 uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
113 int64_t cluster_sectors;
114 int64_t next_cluster_sector;
118 typedef struct BDRVVmdkState {
120 uint64_t desc_offset;
126 /* Extent array with num_extents entries, ascend ordered by address */
128 Error *migration_blocker;
132 typedef struct VmdkMetaData {
133 unsigned int l1_index;
134 unsigned int l2_index;
135 unsigned int l2_offset;
137 uint32_t *l2_cache_entry;
140 typedef struct VmdkGrainMarker {
144 } QEMU_PACKED VmdkGrainMarker;
147 MARKER_END_OF_STREAM = 0,
148 MARKER_GRAIN_TABLE = 1,
149 MARKER_GRAIN_DIRECTORY = 2,
153 static int vmdk_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
160 magic = be32_to_cpu(*(uint32_t *)buf);
161 if (magic == VMDK3_MAGIC ||
162 magic == VMDK4_MAGIC) {
165 const char *p = (const char *)buf;
166 const char *end = p + buf_size;
169 /* skip comment line */
170 while (p < end && *p != '\n') {
177 while (p < end && *p == ' ') {
180 /* skip '\r' if windows line endings used. */
181 if (p < end && *p == '\r') {
184 /* only accept blank lines before 'version=' line */
185 if (p == end || *p != '\n') {
191 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\n")) {
192 if (strncmp("version=1\n", p, strlen("version=1\n")) == 0 ||
193 strncmp("version=2\n", p, strlen("version=2\n")) == 0) {
197 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\r\n")) {
198 if (strncmp("version=1\r\n", p, strlen("version=1\r\n")) == 0 ||
199 strncmp("version=2\r\n", p, strlen("version=2\r\n")) == 0) {
209 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
210 #define DESC_SIZE (20 * SECTOR_SIZE) /* 20 sectors of 512 bytes each */
211 #define BUF_SIZE 4096
212 #define HEADER_SIZE 512 /* first sector of 512 bytes */
214 static void vmdk_free_extents(BlockDriverState *bs)
217 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
220 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
224 g_free(e->l1_backup_table);
226 if (e->file != bs->file) {
227 bdrv_unref_child(bs, e->file);
233 static void vmdk_free_last_extent(BlockDriverState *bs)
235 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
237 if (s->num_extents == 0) {
241 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents);
244 static uint32_t vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent)
247 uint32_t cid = 0xffffffff;
248 const char *p_name, *cid_str;
250 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
253 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
254 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
261 cid_str = "parentCID";
262 cid_str_size = sizeof("parentCID");
265 cid_str_size = sizeof("CID");
268 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
269 p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
270 if (p_name != NULL) {
271 p_name += cid_str_size;
272 sscanf(p_name, "%" SCNx32, &cid);
279 static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
281 char *desc, *tmp_desc;
282 char *p_name, *tmp_str;
283 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
286 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
287 tmp_desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
288 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
293 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
294 tmp_str = strstr(desc, "parentCID");
295 if (tmp_str == NULL) {
300 pstrcpy(tmp_desc, DESC_SIZE, tmp_str);
301 p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
302 if (p_name != NULL) {
303 p_name += sizeof("CID");
304 snprintf(p_name, DESC_SIZE - (p_name - desc), "%" PRIx32 "\n", cid);
305 pstrcat(desc, DESC_SIZE, tmp_desc);
308 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
316 static int vmdk_is_cid_valid(BlockDriverState *bs)
318 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
321 if (!s->cid_checked && bs->backing) {
322 BlockDriverState *p_bs = bs->backing->bs;
324 cur_pcid = vmdk_read_cid(p_bs, 0);
325 if (s->parent_cid != cur_pcid) {
330 s->cid_checked = true;
335 /* We have nothing to do for VMDK reopen, stubs just return success */
336 static int vmdk_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
337 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
339 assert(state != NULL);
340 assert(state->bs != NULL);
344 static int vmdk_parent_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
348 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
351 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE + 1);
352 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
358 p_name = strstr(desc, "parentFileNameHint");
359 if (p_name != NULL) {
362 p_name += sizeof("parentFileNameHint") + 1;
363 end_name = strchr(p_name, '\"');
364 if (end_name == NULL) {
368 if ((end_name - p_name) > sizeof(bs->backing_file) - 1) {
373 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, end_name - p_name + 1, p_name);
381 /* Create and append extent to the extent array. Return the added VmdkExtent
382 * address. return NULL if allocation failed. */
383 static int vmdk_add_extent(BlockDriverState *bs,
384 BdrvChild *file, bool flat, int64_t sectors,
385 int64_t l1_offset, int64_t l1_backup_offset,
387 int l2_size, uint64_t cluster_sectors,
388 VmdkExtent **new_extent,
392 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
395 if (cluster_sectors > 0x200000) {
396 /* 0x200000 * 512Bytes = 1GB for one cluster is unrealistic */
397 error_setg(errp, "Invalid granularity, image may be corrupt");
400 if (l1_size > 512 * 1024 * 1024) {
401 /* Although with big capacity and small l1_entry_sectors, we can get a
402 * big l1_size, we don't want unbounded value to allocate the table.
403 * Limit it to 512M, which is 16PB for default cluster and L2 table
405 error_setg(errp, "L1 size too big");
409 nb_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs);
410 if (nb_sectors < 0) {
414 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents + 1);
415 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents];
418 memset(extent, 0, sizeof(VmdkExtent));
421 extent->sectors = sectors;
422 extent->l1_table_offset = l1_offset;
423 extent->l1_backup_table_offset = l1_backup_offset;
424 extent->l1_size = l1_size;
425 extent->l1_entry_sectors = l2_size * cluster_sectors;
426 extent->l2_size = l2_size;
427 extent->cluster_sectors = flat ? sectors : cluster_sectors;
428 extent->next_cluster_sector = ROUND_UP(nb_sectors, cluster_sectors);
430 if (s->num_extents > 1) {
431 extent->end_sector = (*(extent - 1)).end_sector + extent->sectors;
433 extent->end_sector = extent->sectors;
435 bs->total_sectors = extent->end_sector;
437 *new_extent = extent;
442 static int vmdk_init_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, VmdkExtent *extent,
449 /* read the L1 table */
450 l1_size = extent->l1_size * sizeof(uint32_t);
451 extent->l1_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
452 if (l1_size && extent->l1_table == NULL) {
456 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
457 extent->l1_table_offset,
461 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
462 "Could not read l1 table from extent '%s'",
463 extent->file->bs->filename);
466 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
467 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_table[i]);
470 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset) {
471 extent->l1_backup_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
472 if (l1_size && extent->l1_backup_table == NULL) {
476 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
477 extent->l1_backup_table_offset,
478 extent->l1_backup_table,
481 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
482 "Could not read l1 backup table from extent '%s'",
483 extent->file->bs->filename);
486 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
487 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_backup_table[i]);
492 g_new(uint32_t, extent->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE);
495 g_free(extent->l1_backup_table);
497 g_free(extent->l1_table);
501 static int vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
503 int flags, Error **errp)
510 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
512 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
513 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
517 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
518 le32_to_cpu(header.disk_sectors),
519 (int64_t)le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_offset) << 9,
521 le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_size),
523 le32_to_cpu(header.granularity),
529 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
531 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
532 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
537 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
538 QDict *options, Error **errp);
540 static char *vmdk_read_desc(BlockDriverState *file, uint64_t desc_offset,
547 size = bdrv_getlength(file);
549 error_setg_errno(errp, -size, "Could not access file");
554 /* Both descriptor file and sparse image must be much larger than 4
555 * bytes, also callers of vmdk_read_desc want to compare the first 4
556 * bytes with VMDK4_MAGIC, let's error out if less is read. */
557 error_setg(errp, "File is too small, not a valid image");
561 size = MIN(size, (1 << 20) - 1); /* avoid unbounded allocation */
562 buf = g_malloc(size + 1);
564 ret = bdrv_pread(file, desc_offset, buf, size);
566 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read from file");
575 static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
577 int flags, QDict *options, Error **errp)
581 uint32_t l1_size, l1_entry_sectors;
584 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
585 int64_t l1_backup_offset = 0;
588 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
590 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
591 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
595 if (header.capacity == 0) {
596 uint64_t desc_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.desc_offset);
598 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(file->bs, desc_offset << 9, errp);
602 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
608 if (!s->create_type) {
609 s->create_type = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
612 if (le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) == VMDK4_GD_AT_END) {
614 * The footer takes precedence over the header, so read it in. The
615 * footer starts at offset -1024 from the end: One sector for the
616 * footer, and another one for the end-of-stream marker.
623 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
624 } QEMU_PACKED footer_marker;
628 uint8_t pad[512 - 4 - sizeof(VMDK4Header)];
634 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
635 } QEMU_PACKED eos_marker;
636 } QEMU_PACKED footer;
638 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs,
639 bs->file->bs->total_sectors * 512 - 1536,
640 &footer, sizeof(footer));
642 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read footer");
646 /* Some sanity checks for the footer */
647 if (be32_to_cpu(footer.magic) != VMDK4_MAGIC ||
648 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.size) != 0 ||
649 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.type) != MARKER_FOOTER ||
650 le64_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.val) != 0 ||
651 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.size) != 0 ||
652 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.type) != MARKER_END_OF_STREAM)
654 error_setg(errp, "Invalid footer");
658 header = footer.header;
662 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
663 if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) > 3) {
665 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "VMDK version %" PRId32,
666 le32_to_cpu(header.version));
667 error_setg(errp, QERR_UNKNOWN_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE,
668 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs), "vmdk", buf);
670 } else if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) == 3 && (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) &&
672 /* VMware KB 2064959 explains that version 3 added support for
673 * persistent changed block tracking (CBT), and backup software can
674 * read it as version=1 if it doesn't care about the changed area
675 * information. So we are safe to enable read only. */
676 error_setg(errp, "VMDK version 3 must be read only");
680 if (le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt) > 512) {
681 error_setg(errp, "L2 table size too big");
685 l1_entry_sectors = le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt)
686 * le64_to_cpu(header.granularity);
687 if (l1_entry_sectors == 0) {
688 error_setg(errp, "L1 entry size is invalid");
691 l1_size = (le64_to_cpu(header.capacity) + l1_entry_sectors - 1)
693 if (le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_RGD) {
694 l1_backup_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9;
696 if (bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs) < le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)) {
697 error_setg(errp, "File truncated, expecting at least %" PRId64 " bytes",
698 (int64_t)(le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)
699 * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
703 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
704 le64_to_cpu(header.capacity),
705 le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9,
708 le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt),
709 le64_to_cpu(header.granularity),
716 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
717 if (extent->compressed) {
718 g_free(s->create_type);
719 s->create_type = g_strdup("streamOptimized");
721 extent->has_marker = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER;
722 extent->version = le32_to_cpu(header.version);
723 extent->has_zero_grain = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN;
724 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
726 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
727 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
732 /* find an option value out of descriptor file */
733 static int vmdk_parse_description(const char *desc, const char *opt_name,
734 char *buf, int buf_size)
736 char *opt_pos, *opt_end;
737 const char *end = desc + strlen(desc);
739 opt_pos = strstr(desc, opt_name);
743 /* Skip "=\"" following opt_name */
744 opt_pos += strlen(opt_name) + 2;
745 if (opt_pos >= end) {
749 while (opt_end < end && *opt_end != '"') {
752 if (opt_end == end || buf_size < opt_end - opt_pos + 1) {
755 pstrcpy(buf, opt_end - opt_pos + 1, opt_pos);
759 /* Open an extent file and append to bs array */
760 static int vmdk_open_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvChild *file, int flags,
761 char *buf, QDict *options, Error **errp)
765 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
768 return vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(bs, file, flags, errp);
771 return vmdk_open_vmdk4(bs, file, flags, options, errp);
774 error_setg(errp, "Image not in VMDK format");
780 static const char *next_line(const char *s)
791 static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
792 const char *desc_file_path, QDict *options,
804 BdrvChild *extent_file;
805 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
807 char extent_opt_prefix[32];
808 Error *local_err = NULL;
810 for (p = desc; *p; p = next_line(p)) {
811 /* parse extent line in one of below formats:
813 * RW [size in sectors] FLAT "file-name.vmdk" OFFSET
814 * RW [size in sectors] SPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
815 * RW [size in sectors] VMFS "file-name.vmdk"
816 * RW [size in sectors] VMFSSPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
819 matches = sscanf(p, "%10s %" SCNd64 " %10s \"%511[^\n\r\"]\" %" SCNd64,
820 access, §ors, type, fname, &flat_offset);
821 if (matches < 4 || strcmp(access, "RW")) {
823 } else if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
824 if (matches != 5 || flat_offset < 0) {
827 } else if (!strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
833 } else if (matches != 4) {
838 (strcmp(type, "FLAT") && strcmp(type, "SPARSE") &&
839 strcmp(type, "VMFS") && strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) ||
840 (strcmp(access, "RW"))) {
844 if (!path_is_absolute(fname) && !path_has_protocol(fname) &&
847 error_setg(errp, "Cannot use relative extent paths with VMDK "
848 "descriptor file '%s'", bs->file->bs->filename);
852 extent_path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
853 path_combine(extent_path, PATH_MAX, desc_file_path, fname);
855 ret = snprintf(extent_opt_prefix, 32, "extents.%d", s->num_extents);
858 extent_file = bdrv_open_child(extent_path, options, extent_opt_prefix,
859 bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
862 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
866 /* save to extents array */
867 if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT") || !strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
870 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, extent_file, true, sectors,
871 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &extent, errp);
873 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
876 extent->flat_start_offset = flat_offset << 9;
877 } else if (!strcmp(type, "SPARSE") || !strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) {
878 /* SPARSE extent and VMFSSPARSE extent are both "COWD" sparse file*/
879 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(extent_file->bs, 0, errp);
883 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags, buf,
888 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
891 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents - 1];
893 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported extent type '%s'", type);
894 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
897 extent->type = g_strdup(type);
904 if (np[-1] == '\n') {
907 error_setg(errp, "Invalid extent line: %.*s", (int)(np - p), p);
911 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
912 QDict *options, Error **errp)
916 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
918 if (vmdk_parse_description(buf, "createType", ct, sizeof(ct))) {
919 error_setg(errp, "invalid VMDK image descriptor");
923 if (strcmp(ct, "monolithicFlat") &&
924 strcmp(ct, "vmfs") &&
925 strcmp(ct, "vmfsSparse") &&
926 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
927 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat")) {
928 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported image type '%s'", ct);
932 s->create_type = g_strdup(ct);
934 ret = vmdk_parse_extents(buf, bs, bs->file->bs->exact_filename, options,
940 static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
945 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
948 buf = vmdk_read_desc(bs->file->bs, 0, errp);
953 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
957 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, bs->file, flags, buf, options,
959 s->desc_offset = 0x200;
962 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
969 /* try to open parent images, if exist */
970 ret = vmdk_parent_open(bs);
974 s->cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0);
975 s->parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 1);
976 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
978 /* Disable migration when VMDK images are used */
979 error_setg(&s->migration_blocker, "The vmdk format used by node '%s' "
980 "does not support live migration",
981 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
982 migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
988 g_free(s->create_type);
989 s->create_type = NULL;
990 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
995 static void vmdk_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
997 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1000 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
1001 if (!s->extents[i].flat) {
1002 bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment =
1003 MAX(bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment,
1004 s->extents[i].cluster_sectors);
1012 * Copy backing file's cluster that covers @sector_num, otherwise write zero,
1013 * to the cluster at @cluster_sector_num.
1015 * If @skip_start_sector < @skip_end_sector, the relative range
1016 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) is not copied or written, and leave
1017 * it for call to write user data in the request.
1019 static int get_whole_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs,
1021 uint64_t cluster_sector_num,
1022 uint64_t sector_num,
1023 uint64_t skip_start_sector,
1024 uint64_t skip_end_sector)
1027 int64_t cluster_bytes;
1028 uint8_t *whole_grain;
1030 /* For COW, align request sector_num to cluster start */
1031 sector_num = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(sector_num, extent->cluster_sectors);
1032 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1033 whole_grain = qemu_blockalign(bs, cluster_bytes);
1036 memset(whole_grain, 0, skip_start_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1037 memset(whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS), 0,
1038 cluster_bytes - (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS));
1041 assert(skip_end_sector <= extent->cluster_sectors);
1042 /* we will be here if it's first write on non-exist grain(cluster).
1043 * try to read from parent image, if exist */
1044 if (bs->backing && !vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1049 /* Read backing data before skip range */
1050 if (skip_start_sector > 0) {
1052 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num,
1053 whole_grain, skip_start_sector);
1059 ret = bdrv_write(extent->file->bs, cluster_sector_num, whole_grain,
1066 /* Read backing data after skip range */
1067 if (skip_end_sector < extent->cluster_sectors) {
1069 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num + skip_end_sector,
1070 whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS),
1071 extent->cluster_sectors - skip_end_sector);
1077 ret = bdrv_write(extent->file->bs, cluster_sector_num + skip_end_sector,
1078 whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS),
1079 extent->cluster_sectors - skip_end_sector);
1087 qemu_vfree(whole_grain);
1091 static int vmdk_L2update(VmdkExtent *extent, VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1094 offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
1095 /* update L2 table */
1096 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
1098 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1099 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1100 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1103 /* update backup L2 table */
1104 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset != 0) {
1105 m_data->l2_offset = extent->l1_backup_table[m_data->l1_index];
1106 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
1108 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1109 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1110 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1114 if (m_data->l2_cache_entry) {
1115 *m_data->l2_cache_entry = offset;
1122 * get_cluster_offset
1124 * Look up cluster offset in extent file by sector number, and store in
1127 * For flat extents, the start offset as parsed from the description file is
1130 * For sparse extents, look up in L1, L2 table. If allocate is true, return an
1131 * offset for a new cluster and update L2 cache. If there is a backing file,
1132 * COW is done before returning; otherwise, zeroes are written to the allocated
1133 * cluster. Both COW and zero writing skips the sector range
1134 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) passed in by caller, because caller
1135 * has new data to write there.
1137 * Returns: VMDK_OK if cluster exists and mapped in the image.
1138 * VMDK_UNALLOC if cluster is not mapped and @allocate is false.
1139 * VMDK_ERROR if failed.
1141 static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
1143 VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1146 uint64_t *cluster_offset,
1147 uint64_t skip_start_sector,
1148 uint64_t skip_end_sector)
1150 unsigned int l1_index, l2_offset, l2_index;
1151 int min_index, i, j;
1152 uint32_t min_count, *l2_table;
1153 bool zeroed = false;
1155 int64_t cluster_sector;
1161 *cluster_offset = extent->flat_start_offset;
1165 offset -= (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * SECTOR_SIZE;
1166 l1_index = (offset >> 9) / extent->l1_entry_sectors;
1167 if (l1_index >= extent->l1_size) {
1170 l2_offset = extent->l1_table[l1_index];
1172 return VMDK_UNALLOC;
1174 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1175 if (l2_offset == extent->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
1176 /* increment the hit count */
1177 if (++extent->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
1178 for (j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
1179 extent->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
1182 l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (i * extent->l2_size);
1186 /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
1188 min_count = 0xffffffff;
1189 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1190 if (extent->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
1191 min_count = extent->l2_cache_counts[i];
1195 l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (min_index * extent->l2_size);
1198 (int64_t)l2_offset * 512,
1200 extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)
1201 ) != extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)) {
1205 extent->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
1206 extent->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
1208 l2_index = ((offset >> 9) / extent->cluster_sectors) % extent->l2_size;
1209 cluster_sector = le32_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]);
1213 m_data->l1_index = l1_index;
1214 m_data->l2_index = l2_index;
1215 m_data->l2_offset = l2_offset;
1216 m_data->l2_cache_entry = &l2_table[l2_index];
1218 if (extent->has_zero_grain && cluster_sector == VMDK_GTE_ZEROED) {
1222 if (!cluster_sector || zeroed) {
1224 return zeroed ? VMDK_ZEROED : VMDK_UNALLOC;
1227 cluster_sector = extent->next_cluster_sector;
1228 extent->next_cluster_sector += extent->cluster_sectors;
1230 /* First of all we write grain itself, to avoid race condition
1231 * that may to corrupt the image.
1232 * This problem may occur because of insufficient space on host disk
1233 * or inappropriate VM shutdown.
1235 ret = get_whole_cluster(bs, extent,
1237 offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1238 skip_start_sector, skip_end_sector);
1243 *cluster_offset = cluster_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1247 static VmdkExtent *find_extent(BDRVVmdkState *s,
1248 int64_t sector_num, VmdkExtent *start_hint)
1250 VmdkExtent *extent = start_hint;
1253 extent = &s->extents[0];
1255 while (extent < &s->extents[s->num_extents]) {
1256 if (sector_num < extent->end_sector) {
1264 static inline uint64_t vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(VmdkExtent *extent,
1267 uint64_t index_in_cluster, extent_begin_sector, extent_relative_sector_num;
1269 extent_begin_sector = extent->end_sector - extent->sectors;
1270 extent_relative_sector_num = sector_num - extent_begin_sector;
1271 index_in_cluster = extent_relative_sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1272 return index_in_cluster;
1275 static int64_t coroutine_fn vmdk_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
1276 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum, BlockDriverState **file)
1278 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1279 int64_t index_in_cluster, n, ret;
1283 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, NULL);
1287 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1288 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1289 sector_num * 512, false, &offset,
1291 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1293 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1302 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1305 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1306 if (!extent->compressed) {
1307 ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
1308 ret |= (offset + (index_in_cluster << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS))
1309 & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK;
1311 *file = extent->file->bs;
1315 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1316 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1323 static int vmdk_write_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1324 int64_t offset_in_cluster, const uint8_t *buf,
1325 int nb_sectors, int64_t sector_num)
1328 VmdkGrainMarker *data = NULL;
1330 const uint8_t *write_buf = buf;
1331 int write_len = nb_sectors * 512;
1332 int64_t write_offset;
1333 int64_t write_end_sector;
1335 if (extent->compressed) {
1336 if (!extent->has_marker) {
1340 buf_len = (extent->cluster_sectors << 9) * 2;
1341 data = g_malloc(buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker));
1342 if (compress(data->data, &buf_len, buf, nb_sectors << 9) != Z_OK ||
1347 data->lba = sector_num;
1348 data->size = buf_len;
1349 write_buf = (uint8_t *)data;
1350 write_len = buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker);
1352 write_offset = cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1353 ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file->bs, write_offset, write_buf, write_len);
1355 write_end_sector = DIV_ROUND_UP(write_offset + write_len, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1357 if (extent->compressed) {
1358 extent->next_cluster_sector = write_end_sector;
1360 extent->next_cluster_sector = MAX(extent->next_cluster_sector,
1364 if (ret != write_len) {
1365 ret = ret < 0 ? ret : -EIO;
1374 static int vmdk_read_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1375 int64_t offset_in_cluster, uint8_t *buf,
1379 int cluster_bytes, buf_bytes;
1380 uint8_t *cluster_buf, *compressed_data;
1381 uint8_t *uncomp_buf;
1383 VmdkGrainMarker *marker;
1387 if (!extent->compressed) {
1388 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
1389 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1390 buf, nb_sectors * 512);
1391 if (ret == nb_sectors * 512) {
1397 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * 512;
1398 /* Read two clusters in case GrainMarker + compressed data > one cluster */
1399 buf_bytes = cluster_bytes * 2;
1400 cluster_buf = g_malloc(buf_bytes);
1401 uncomp_buf = g_malloc(cluster_bytes);
1402 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
1404 cluster_buf, buf_bytes);
1408 compressed_data = cluster_buf;
1409 buf_len = cluster_bytes;
1410 data_len = cluster_bytes;
1411 if (extent->has_marker) {
1412 marker = (VmdkGrainMarker *)cluster_buf;
1413 compressed_data = marker->data;
1414 data_len = le32_to_cpu(marker->size);
1416 if (!data_len || data_len > buf_bytes) {
1420 ret = uncompress(uncomp_buf, &buf_len, compressed_data, data_len);
1426 if (offset_in_cluster < 0 ||
1427 offset_in_cluster + nb_sectors * 512 > buf_len) {
1431 memcpy(buf, uncomp_buf + offset_in_cluster, nb_sectors * 512);
1436 g_free(cluster_buf);
1440 static int vmdk_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1441 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1443 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1445 uint64_t n, index_in_cluster;
1446 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1447 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1449 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1450 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1454 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1455 sector_num << 9, false, &cluster_offset,
1457 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1458 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1459 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1462 if (ret != VMDK_OK) {
1463 /* if not allocated, try to read from parent image, if exist */
1464 if (bs->backing && ret != VMDK_ZEROED) {
1465 if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1468 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num, buf, n);
1473 memset(buf, 0, 512 * n);
1476 ret = vmdk_read_extent(extent,
1477 cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1490 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1491 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1494 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1495 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1496 ret = vmdk_read(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1497 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1503 * @zeroed: buf is ignored (data is zero), use zeroed_grain GTE feature
1504 * if possible, otherwise return -ENOTSUP.
1505 * @zero_dry_run: used for zeroed == true only, don't update L2 table, just try
1506 * with each cluster. By dry run we can find if the zero write
1507 * is possible without modifying image data.
1509 * Returns: error code with 0 for success.
1511 static int vmdk_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1512 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors,
1513 bool zeroed, bool zero_dry_run)
1515 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1516 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1518 int64_t index_in_cluster, n;
1519 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1520 VmdkMetaData m_data;
1522 if (sector_num > bs->total_sectors) {
1523 error_report("Wrong offset: sector_num=0x%" PRIx64
1524 " total_sectors=0x%" PRIx64,
1525 sector_num, bs->total_sectors);
1529 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1530 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1534 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1535 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1536 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1539 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, sector_num << 9,
1540 !(extent->compressed || zeroed),
1542 index_in_cluster, index_in_cluster + n);
1543 if (extent->compressed) {
1544 if (ret == VMDK_OK) {
1545 /* Refuse write to allocated cluster for streamOptimized */
1546 error_report("Could not write to allocated cluster"
1547 " for streamOptimized");
1551 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, sector_num << 9,
1552 true, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
1555 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
1559 /* Do zeroed write, buf is ignored */
1560 if (extent->has_zero_grain &&
1561 index_in_cluster == 0 &&
1562 n >= extent->cluster_sectors) {
1563 n = extent->cluster_sectors;
1564 if (!zero_dry_run) {
1565 /* update L2 tables */
1566 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data, VMDK_GTE_ZEROED)
1575 ret = vmdk_write_extent(extent,
1576 cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1577 buf, n, sector_num);
1582 /* update L2 tables */
1583 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data,
1584 cluster_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
1594 /* update CID on the first write every time the virtual disk is
1596 if (!s->cid_updated) {
1597 ret = vmdk_write_cid(bs, g_random_int());
1601 s->cid_updated = true;
1607 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1608 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1611 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1612 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1613 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors, false, false);
1614 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1618 static int vmdk_write_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs,
1623 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1624 if (s->num_extents == 1 && s->extents[0].compressed) {
1625 return vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors, false, false);
1631 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
1634 BdrvRequestFlags flags)
1637 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1638 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1639 /* write zeroes could fail if sectors not aligned to cluster, test it with
1640 * dry_run == true before really updating image */
1641 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, NULL, nb_sectors, true, true);
1643 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, NULL, nb_sectors, true, false);
1645 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1649 static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
1650 bool flat, bool compress, bool zeroed_grain,
1651 QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1654 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
1656 Error *local_err = NULL;
1657 uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_sectors, gt_size, gt_count;
1658 uint32_t *gd_buf = NULL;
1661 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
1663 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1667 blk = blk_new_open("extent", filename, NULL, NULL,
1668 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
1671 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1676 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true);
1679 ret = blk_truncate(blk, filesize);
1681 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
1685 magic = cpu_to_be32(VMDK4_MAGIC);
1686 memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
1689 } else if (zeroed_grain) {
1694 header.flags = VMDK4_FLAG_RGD | VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT
1695 | (compress ? VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS | VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER : 0)
1696 | (zeroed_grain ? VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN : 0);
1697 header.compressAlgorithm = compress ? VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE : 0;
1698 header.capacity = filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1699 header.granularity = 128;
1700 header.num_gtes_per_gt = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1702 grains = DIV_ROUND_UP(filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, header.granularity);
1703 gt_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(header.num_gtes_per_gt * sizeof(uint32_t),
1705 gt_count = DIV_ROUND_UP(grains, header.num_gtes_per_gt);
1706 gd_sectors = DIV_ROUND_UP(gt_count * sizeof(uint32_t), BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1708 header.desc_offset = 1;
1709 header.desc_size = 20;
1710 header.rgd_offset = header.desc_offset + header.desc_size;
1711 header.gd_offset = header.rgd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count);
1712 header.grain_offset =
1713 ROUND_UP(header.gd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count),
1714 header.granularity);
1715 /* swap endianness for all header fields */
1716 header.version = cpu_to_le32(header.version);
1717 header.flags = cpu_to_le32(header.flags);
1718 header.capacity = cpu_to_le64(header.capacity);
1719 header.granularity = cpu_to_le64(header.granularity);
1720 header.num_gtes_per_gt = cpu_to_le32(header.num_gtes_per_gt);
1721 header.desc_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_offset);
1722 header.desc_size = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_size);
1723 header.rgd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.rgd_offset);
1724 header.gd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.gd_offset);
1725 header.grain_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.grain_offset);
1726 header.compressAlgorithm = cpu_to_le16(header.compressAlgorithm);
1728 header.check_bytes[0] = 0xa;
1729 header.check_bytes[1] = 0x20;
1730 header.check_bytes[2] = 0xd;
1731 header.check_bytes[3] = 0xa;
1733 /* write all the data */
1734 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, 0, &magic, sizeof(magic));
1736 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1739 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
1741 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1745 ret = blk_truncate(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) << 9);
1747 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
1751 /* write grain directory */
1752 gd_buf_size = gd_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1753 gd_buf = g_malloc0(gd_buf_size);
1754 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) + gd_sectors;
1755 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1756 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
1758 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1759 gd_buf, gd_buf_size);
1761 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1765 /* write backup grain directory */
1766 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) + gd_sectors;
1767 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1768 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
1770 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1771 gd_buf, gd_buf_size);
1773 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1786 static int filename_decompose(const char *filename, char *path, char *prefix,
1787 char *postfix, size_t buf_len, Error **errp)
1791 if (filename == NULL || !strlen(filename)) {
1792 error_setg(errp, "No filename provided");
1795 p = strrchr(filename, '/');
1797 p = strrchr(filename, '\\');
1800 p = strrchr(filename, ':');
1804 if (p - filename >= buf_len) {
1807 pstrcpy(path, p - filename + 1, filename);
1812 q = strrchr(p, '.');
1814 pstrcpy(prefix, buf_len, p);
1817 if (q - p >= buf_len) {
1820 pstrcpy(prefix, q - p + 1, p);
1821 pstrcpy(postfix, buf_len, q);
1826 static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1829 BlockBackend *new_blk = NULL;
1830 Error *local_err = NULL;
1832 int64_t total_size = 0, filesize;
1833 char *adapter_type = NULL;
1834 char *backing_file = NULL;
1838 bool flat, split, compress;
1839 GString *ext_desc_lines;
1840 char *path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1841 char *prefix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1842 char *postfix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1843 char *desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
1844 char *ext_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1845 char *desc_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1846 const int64_t split_size = 0x80000000; /* VMDK has constant split size */
1847 const char *desc_extent_line;
1848 char *parent_desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
1849 uint32_t parent_cid = 0xffffffff;
1850 uint32_t number_heads = 16;
1851 bool zeroed_grain = false;
1852 uint32_t desc_offset = 0, desc_len;
1853 const char desc_template[] =
1854 "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
1857 "parentCID=%" PRIx32 "\n"
1858 "createType=\"%s\"\n"
1861 "# Extent description\n"
1864 "# The Disk Data Base\n"
1867 "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%d\"\n"
1868 "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
1869 "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%" PRIu32 "\"\n"
1870 "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
1871 "ddb.adapterType = \"%s\"\n";
1873 ext_desc_lines = g_string_new(NULL);
1875 if (filename_decompose(filename, path, prefix, postfix, PATH_MAX, errp)) {
1879 /* Read out options */
1880 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
1882 adapter_type = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE);
1883 backing_file = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
1884 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6, false)) {
1885 flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
1887 fmt = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT);
1888 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN, false)) {
1889 zeroed_grain = true;
1892 if (!adapter_type) {
1893 adapter_type = g_strdup("ide");
1894 } else if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") &&
1895 strcmp(adapter_type, "buslogic") &&
1896 strcmp(adapter_type, "lsilogic") &&
1897 strcmp(adapter_type, "legacyESX")) {
1898 error_setg(errp, "Unknown adapter type: '%s'", adapter_type);
1902 if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") != 0) {
1903 /* that's the number of heads with which vmware operates when
1904 creating, exporting, etc. vmdk files with a non-ide adapter type */
1908 /* Default format to monolithicSparse */
1909 fmt = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
1910 } else if (strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1911 strcmp(fmt, "monolithicSparse") &&
1912 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
1913 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1914 strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized")) {
1915 error_setg(errp, "Unknown subformat: '%s'", fmt);
1919 split = !(strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1920 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse"));
1921 flat = !(strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1922 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"));
1923 compress = !strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized");
1925 desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
1927 desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
1929 if (flat && backing_file) {
1930 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't have backing file");
1934 if (flat && zeroed_grain) {
1935 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't enable zeroed grain");
1941 char *full_backing = g_new0(char, PATH_MAX);
1942 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(filename, backing_file,
1943 full_backing, PATH_MAX,
1946 g_free(full_backing);
1947 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1952 blk = blk_new_open("backing", full_backing, NULL, NULL,
1953 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB, errp);
1954 g_free(full_backing);
1959 if (strcmp(blk_bs(blk)->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
1964 parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(blk_bs(blk), 0);
1966 snprintf(parent_desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
1967 "parentFileNameHint=\"%s\"", backing_file);
1970 /* Create extents */
1971 filesize = total_size;
1972 while (filesize > 0) {
1973 int64_t size = filesize;
1975 if (split && size > split_size) {
1979 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s-%c%03d%s",
1980 prefix, flat ? 'f' : 's', ++idx, postfix);
1982 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s-flat%s", prefix, postfix);
1984 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", prefix, postfix);
1986 snprintf(ext_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", path, desc_filename);
1988 if (vmdk_create_extent(ext_filename, size,
1989 flat, compress, zeroed_grain, opts, errp)) {
1995 /* Format description line */
1996 snprintf(desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
1997 desc_extent_line, size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, desc_filename);
1998 g_string_append(ext_desc_lines, desc_line);
2000 /* generate descriptor file */
2001 desc = g_strdup_printf(desc_template,
2006 ext_desc_lines->str,
2007 (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 ? 6 : 4),
2009 (int64_t)(63 * number_heads * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE),
2012 desc_len = strlen(desc);
2013 /* the descriptor offset = 0x200 */
2014 if (!split && !flat) {
2015 desc_offset = 0x200;
2017 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
2019 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2024 new_blk = blk_new_open("descriptor", filename, NULL, NULL,
2025 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
2027 if (new_blk == NULL) {
2028 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2033 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(new_blk, true);
2035 ret = blk_pwrite(new_blk, desc_offset, desc, desc_len);
2037 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write description");
2040 /* bdrv_pwrite write padding zeros to align to sector, we don't need that
2041 * for description file */
2042 if (desc_offset == 0) {
2043 ret = blk_truncate(new_blk, desc_len);
2045 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
2052 g_free(adapter_type);
2053 g_free(backing_file);
2060 g_free(ext_filename);
2061 g_free(desc_filename);
2062 g_free(parent_desc_line);
2063 g_string_free(ext_desc_lines, true);
2067 static void vmdk_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
2069 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2071 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
2072 g_free(s->create_type);
2074 migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
2075 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
2078 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
2080 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2084 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2085 err = bdrv_co_flush(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2093 static int64_t vmdk_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
2098 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2100 ret = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file->bs);
2104 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2105 if (s->extents[i].file == bs->file) {
2108 r = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2117 static int vmdk_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
2120 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2122 /* If has a flat extent and its underlying storage doesn't have zero init,
2124 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2125 if (s->extents[i].flat) {
2126 if (!bdrv_has_zero_init(s->extents[i].file->bs)) {
2134 static ImageInfo *vmdk_get_extent_info(VmdkExtent *extent)
2136 ImageInfo *info = g_new0(ImageInfo, 1);
2138 *info = (ImageInfo){
2139 .filename = g_strdup(extent->file->bs->filename),
2140 .format = g_strdup(extent->type),
2141 .virtual_size = extent->sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2142 .compressed = extent->compressed,
2143 .has_compressed = extent->compressed,
2144 .cluster_size = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2145 .has_cluster_size = !extent->flat,
2151 static int vmdk_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *result,
2154 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2155 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
2156 int64_t sector_num = 0;
2157 int64_t total_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
2159 uint64_t cluster_offset;
2166 if (sector_num >= total_sectors) {
2169 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
2172 "ERROR: could not find extent for sector %" PRId64 "\n",
2176 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
2177 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2178 false, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
2179 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
2181 "ERROR: could not get cluster_offset for sector %"
2182 PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
2185 if (ret == VMDK_OK &&
2186 cluster_offset >= bdrv_getlength(extent->file->bs))
2189 "ERROR: cluster offset for sector %"
2190 PRId64 " points after EOF\n", sector_num);
2193 sector_num += extent->cluster_sectors;
2196 result->corruptions++;
2200 static ImageInfoSpecific *vmdk_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs)
2203 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2204 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecific, 1);
2205 ImageInfoList **next;
2207 *spec_info = (ImageInfoSpecific){
2208 .type = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_VMDK,
2210 .vmdk = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecificVmdk, 1),
2214 *spec_info->u.vmdk = (ImageInfoSpecificVmdk) {
2215 .create_type = g_strdup(s->create_type),
2217 .parent_cid = s->parent_cid,
2220 next = &spec_info->u.vmdk->extents;
2221 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2222 *next = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
2223 (*next)->value = vmdk_get_extent_info(&s->extents[i]);
2224 (*next)->next = NULL;
2225 next = &(*next)->next;
2231 static bool vmdk_extents_type_eq(const VmdkExtent *a, const VmdkExtent *b)
2233 return a->flat == b->flat &&
2234 a->compressed == b->compressed &&
2235 (a->flat || a->cluster_sectors == b->cluster_sectors);
2238 static int vmdk_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
2241 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2242 assert(s->num_extents);
2244 /* See if we have multiple extents but they have different cases */
2245 for (i = 1; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2246 if (!vmdk_extents_type_eq(&s->extents[0], &s->extents[i])) {
2250 bdi->needs_compressed_writes = s->extents[0].compressed;
2251 if (!s->extents[0].flat) {
2252 bdi->cluster_size = s->extents[0].cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
2257 static void vmdk_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
2259 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2262 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2263 bdrv_detach_aio_context(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2267 static void vmdk_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
2268 AioContext *new_context)
2270 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2273 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2274 bdrv_attach_aio_context(s->extents[i].file->bs, new_context);
2278 static QemuOptsList vmdk_create_opts = {
2279 .name = "vmdk-create-opts",
2280 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vmdk_create_opts.head),
2283 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
2284 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
2285 .help = "Virtual disk size"
2288 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE,
2289 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2290 .help = "Virtual adapter type, can be one of "
2291 "ide (default), lsilogic, buslogic or legacyESX"
2294 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
2295 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2296 .help = "File name of a base image"
2299 .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6,
2300 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2301 .help = "VMDK version 6 image",
2302 .def_value_str = "off"
2305 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT,
2306 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2308 "VMDK flat extent format, can be one of "
2309 "{monolithicSparse (default) | monolithicFlat | twoGbMaxExtentSparse | twoGbMaxExtentFlat | streamOptimized} "
2312 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN,
2313 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2314 .help = "Enable efficient zero writes "
2315 "using the zeroed-grain GTE feature"
2317 { /* end of list */ }
2321 static BlockDriver bdrv_vmdk = {
2322 .format_name = "vmdk",
2323 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVVmdkState),
2324 .bdrv_probe = vmdk_probe,
2325 .bdrv_open = vmdk_open,
2326 .bdrv_check = vmdk_check,
2327 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vmdk_reopen_prepare,
2328 .bdrv_read = vmdk_co_read,
2329 .bdrv_write = vmdk_co_write,
2330 .bdrv_write_compressed = vmdk_write_compressed,
2331 .bdrv_co_write_zeroes = vmdk_co_write_zeroes,
2332 .bdrv_close = vmdk_close,
2333 .bdrv_create = vmdk_create,
2334 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = vmdk_co_flush,
2335 .bdrv_co_get_block_status = vmdk_co_get_block_status,
2336 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size = vmdk_get_allocated_file_size,
2337 .bdrv_has_zero_init = vmdk_has_zero_init,
2338 .bdrv_get_specific_info = vmdk_get_specific_info,
2339 .bdrv_refresh_limits = vmdk_refresh_limits,
2340 .bdrv_get_info = vmdk_get_info,
2341 .bdrv_detach_aio_context = vmdk_detach_aio_context,
2342 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = vmdk_attach_aio_context,
2344 .supports_backing = true,
2345 .create_opts = &vmdk_create_opts,
2348 static void bdrv_vmdk_init(void)
2350 bdrv_register(&bdrv_vmdk);
2353 block_init(bdrv_vmdk_init);