2 * Secure Shell (ssh) backend for QEMU.
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
28 #include <libssh2_sftp.h>
30 #include "block/block_int.h"
31 #include "qapi/error.h"
32 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
33 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
34 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
36 #include "qapi-visit.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qint.h"
38 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
39 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
40 #include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
42 /* DEBUG_SSH=1 enables the DPRINTF (debugging printf) statements in
43 * this block driver code.
45 * TRACE_LIBSSH2=<bitmask> enables tracing in libssh2 itself. Note
46 * that this requires that libssh2 was specially compiled with the
47 * `./configure --enable-debug' option, so most likely you will have
48 * to compile it yourself. The meaning of <bitmask> is described
49 * here: http://www.libssh2.org/libssh2_trace.html
52 #define TRACE_LIBSSH2 0 /* or try: LIBSSH2_TRACE_SFTP */
54 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
57 fprintf(stderr, "ssh: %-15s " fmt "\n", \
58 __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
62 typedef struct BDRVSSHState {
67 int sock; /* socket */
68 LIBSSH2_SESSION *session; /* ssh session */
69 LIBSSH2_SFTP *sftp; /* sftp session */
70 LIBSSH2_SFTP_HANDLE *sftp_handle; /* sftp remote file handle */
72 /* See ssh_seek() function below. */
76 /* File attributes at open. We try to keep the .filesize field
77 * updated if it changes (eg by writing at the end of the file).
79 LIBSSH2_SFTP_ATTRIBUTES attrs;
81 InetSocketAddress *inet;
83 /* Used to warn if 'flush' is not supported. */
84 bool unsafe_flush_warning;
87 static void ssh_state_init(BDRVSSHState *s)
89 memset(s, 0, sizeof *s);
92 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
95 static void ssh_state_free(BDRVSSHState *s)
98 libssh2_sftp_close(s->sftp_handle);
101 libssh2_sftp_shutdown(s->sftp);
104 libssh2_session_disconnect(s->session,
105 "from qemu ssh client: "
106 "user closed the connection");
107 libssh2_session_free(s->session);
114 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(3, 4)
115 session_error_setg(Error **errp, BDRVSSHState *s, const char *fs, ...)
121 msg = g_strdup_vprintf(fs, args);
128 /* This is not an errno. See <libssh2.h>. */
129 ssh_err_code = libssh2_session_last_error(s->session,
131 error_setg(errp, "%s: %s (libssh2 error code: %d)",
132 msg, ssh_err, ssh_err_code);
134 error_setg(errp, "%s", msg);
139 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(3, 4)
140 sftp_error_setg(Error **errp, BDRVSSHState *s, const char *fs, ...)
146 msg = g_strdup_vprintf(fs, args);
152 unsigned long sftp_err_code;
154 /* This is not an errno. See <libssh2.h>. */
155 ssh_err_code = libssh2_session_last_error(s->session,
157 /* See <libssh2_sftp.h>. */
158 sftp_err_code = libssh2_sftp_last_error((s)->sftp);
161 "%s: %s (libssh2 error code: %d, sftp error code: %lu)",
162 msg, ssh_err, ssh_err_code, sftp_err_code);
164 error_setg(errp, "%s", msg);
169 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3)
170 sftp_error_report(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *fs, ...)
175 error_vprintf(fs, args);
180 unsigned long sftp_err_code;
182 /* This is not an errno. See <libssh2.h>. */
183 ssh_err_code = libssh2_session_last_error(s->session,
185 /* See <libssh2_sftp.h>. */
186 sftp_err_code = libssh2_sftp_last_error((s)->sftp);
188 error_printf(": %s (libssh2 error code: %d, sftp error code: %lu)",
189 ssh_err, ssh_err_code, sftp_err_code);
196 static int parse_uri(const char *filename, QDict *options, Error **errp)
203 uri = uri_parse(filename);
208 if (strcmp(uri->scheme, "ssh") != 0) {
209 error_setg(errp, "URI scheme must be 'ssh'");
213 if (!uri->server || strcmp(uri->server, "") == 0) {
214 error_setg(errp, "missing hostname in URI");
218 if (!uri->path || strcmp(uri->path, "") == 0) {
219 error_setg(errp, "missing remote path in URI");
223 qp = query_params_parse(uri->query);
225 error_setg(errp, "could not parse query parameters");
229 if(uri->user && strcmp(uri->user, "") != 0) {
230 qdict_put(options, "user", qstring_from_str(uri->user));
233 qdict_put(options, "server.host", qstring_from_str(uri->server));
235 port_str = g_strdup_printf("%d", uri->port ?: 22);
236 qdict_put(options, "server.port", qstring_from_str(port_str));
239 qdict_put(options, "path", qstring_from_str(uri->path));
241 /* Pick out any query parameters that we understand, and ignore
244 for (i = 0; i < qp->n; ++i) {
245 if (strcmp(qp->p[i].name, "host_key_check") == 0) {
246 qdict_put(options, "host_key_check",
247 qstring_from_str(qp->p[i].value));
251 query_params_free(qp);
262 static bool ssh_has_filename_options_conflict(QDict *options, Error **errp)
264 const QDictEntry *qe;
266 for (qe = qdict_first(options); qe; qe = qdict_next(options, qe)) {
267 if (!strcmp(qe->key, "host") ||
268 !strcmp(qe->key, "port") ||
269 !strcmp(qe->key, "path") ||
270 !strcmp(qe->key, "user") ||
271 !strcmp(qe->key, "host_key_check") ||
272 strstart(qe->key, "server.", NULL))
274 error_setg(errp, "Option '%s' cannot be used with a file name",
283 static void ssh_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
286 if (ssh_has_filename_options_conflict(options, errp)) {
290 parse_uri(filename, options, errp);
293 static int check_host_key_knownhosts(BDRVSSHState *s,
294 const char *host, int port, Error **errp)
297 char *knh_file = NULL;
298 LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOSTS *knh = NULL;
299 struct libssh2_knownhost *found;
305 hostkey = libssh2_session_hostkey(s->session, &len, &type);
308 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to read remote host key");
312 knh = libssh2_knownhost_init(s->session);
315 session_error_setg(errp, s,
316 "failed to initialize known hosts support");
320 home = getenv("HOME");
322 knh_file = g_strdup_printf("%s/.ssh/known_hosts", home);
324 knh_file = g_strdup_printf("/root/.ssh/known_hosts");
327 /* Read all known hosts from OpenSSH-style known_hosts file. */
328 libssh2_knownhost_readfile(knh, knh_file, LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_FILE_OPENSSH);
330 r = libssh2_knownhost_checkp(knh, host, port, hostkey, len,
331 LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_TYPE_PLAIN|
332 LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_KEYENC_RAW,
335 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_MATCH:
337 DPRINTF("host key OK: %s", found->key);
339 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_MISMATCH:
341 session_error_setg(errp, s,
342 "host key does not match the one in known_hosts"
343 " (found key %s)", found->key);
345 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_NOTFOUND:
347 session_error_setg(errp, s, "no host key was found in known_hosts");
349 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_FAILURE:
351 session_error_setg(errp, s,
352 "failure matching the host key with known_hosts");
356 session_error_setg(errp, s, "unknown error matching the host key"
357 " with known_hosts (%d)", r);
361 /* known_hosts checking successful. */
366 libssh2_knownhost_free(knh);
372 static unsigned hex2decimal(char ch)
374 if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
376 } else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') {
377 return 10 + (ch - 'a');
378 } else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') {
379 return 10 + (ch - 'A');
385 /* Compare the binary fingerprint (hash of host key) with the
386 * host_key_check parameter.
388 static int compare_fingerprint(const unsigned char *fingerprint, size_t len,
389 const char *host_key_check)
394 while (*host_key_check == ':')
396 if (!qemu_isxdigit(host_key_check[0]) ||
397 !qemu_isxdigit(host_key_check[1]))
399 c = hex2decimal(host_key_check[0]) * 16 +
400 hex2decimal(host_key_check[1]);
401 if (c - *fingerprint != 0)
402 return c - *fingerprint;
407 return *host_key_check - '\0';
411 check_host_key_hash(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *hash,
412 int hash_type, size_t fingerprint_len, Error **errp)
414 const char *fingerprint;
416 fingerprint = libssh2_hostkey_hash(s->session, hash_type);
418 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to read remote host key");
422 if(compare_fingerprint((unsigned char *) fingerprint, fingerprint_len,
424 error_setg(errp, "remote host key does not match host_key_check '%s'",
432 static int check_host_key(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *host, int port,
433 const char *host_key_check, Error **errp)
435 /* host_key_check=no */
436 if (strcmp(host_key_check, "no") == 0) {
440 /* host_key_check=md5:xx:yy:zz:... */
441 if (strncmp(host_key_check, "md5:", 4) == 0) {
442 return check_host_key_hash(s, &host_key_check[4],
443 LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_MD5, 16, errp);
446 /* host_key_check=sha1:xx:yy:zz:... */
447 if (strncmp(host_key_check, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
448 return check_host_key_hash(s, &host_key_check[5],
449 LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA1, 20, errp);
452 /* host_key_check=yes */
453 if (strcmp(host_key_check, "yes") == 0) {
454 return check_host_key_knownhosts(s, host, port, errp);
457 error_setg(errp, "unknown host_key_check setting (%s)", host_key_check);
461 static int authenticate(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *user, Error **errp)
464 const char *userauthlist;
465 LIBSSH2_AGENT *agent = NULL;
466 struct libssh2_agent_publickey *identity;
467 struct libssh2_agent_publickey *prev_identity = NULL;
469 userauthlist = libssh2_userauth_list(s->session, user, strlen(user));
470 if (strstr(userauthlist, "publickey") == NULL) {
473 "remote server does not support \"publickey\" authentication");
477 /* Connect to ssh-agent and try each identity in turn. */
478 agent = libssh2_agent_init(s->session);
481 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to initialize ssh-agent support");
484 if (libssh2_agent_connect(agent)) {
486 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to connect to ssh-agent");
489 if (libssh2_agent_list_identities(agent)) {
491 session_error_setg(errp, s,
492 "failed requesting identities from ssh-agent");
497 r = libssh2_agent_get_identity(agent, &identity, prev_identity);
498 if (r == 1) { /* end of list */
503 session_error_setg(errp, s,
504 "failed to obtain identity from ssh-agent");
507 r = libssh2_agent_userauth(agent, user, identity);
513 /* Failed to authenticate with this identity, try the next one. */
514 prev_identity = identity;
518 error_setg(errp, "failed to authenticate using publickey authentication "
519 "and the identities held by your ssh-agent");
523 /* Note: libssh2 implementation implicitly calls
524 * libssh2_agent_disconnect if necessary.
526 libssh2_agent_free(agent);
532 static QemuOptsList ssh_runtime_opts = {
534 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ssh_runtime_opts.head),
538 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
539 .help = "Host to connect to",
543 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
544 .help = "Port to connect to",
548 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
549 .help = "Path of the image on the host",
553 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
554 .help = "User as which to connect",
557 .name = "host_key_check",
558 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
559 .help = "Defines how and what to check the host key against",
564 static bool ssh_process_legacy_socket_options(QDict *output_opts,
565 QemuOpts *legacy_opts,
568 const char *host = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "host");
569 const char *port = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "port");
572 error_setg(errp, "port may not be used without host");
577 qdict_put(output_opts, "server.host", qstring_from_str(host));
578 qdict_put(output_opts, "server.port",
579 qstring_from_str(port ?: stringify(22)));
585 static InetSocketAddress *ssh_config(BDRVSSHState *s, QDict *options,
588 InetSocketAddress *inet = NULL;
590 QObject *crumpled_addr = NULL;
592 Error *local_error = NULL;
594 qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &addr, "server.");
595 if (!qdict_size(addr)) {
596 error_setg(errp, "SSH server address missing");
600 crumpled_addr = qdict_crumple(addr, errp);
601 if (!crumpled_addr) {
605 iv = qobject_input_visitor_new(crumpled_addr, true);
606 visit_type_InetSocketAddress(iv, NULL, &inet, &local_error);
608 error_propagate(errp, local_error);
614 qobject_decref(crumpled_addr);
619 static int connect_to_ssh(BDRVSSHState *s, QDict *options,
620 int ssh_flags, int creat_mode, Error **errp)
623 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
624 Error *local_err = NULL;
625 const char *user, *path, *host_key_check;
628 opts = qemu_opts_create(&ssh_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
629 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
632 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
636 if (!ssh_process_legacy_socket_options(options, opts, errp)) {
641 path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
644 error_setg(errp, "No path was specified");
648 user = qemu_opt_get(opts, "user");
650 user = g_get_user_name();
652 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Can't get user name");
658 host_key_check = qemu_opt_get(opts, "host_key_check");
659 if (!host_key_check) {
660 host_key_check = "yes";
663 /* Pop the config into our state object, Exit if invalid */
664 s->inet = ssh_config(s, options, errp);
670 if (qemu_strtol(s->inet->port, NULL, 10, &port) < 0) {
671 error_setg(errp, "Use only numeric port value");
676 /* Open the socket and connect. */
677 s->sock = inet_connect_saddr(s->inet, errp, NULL, NULL);
683 /* Create SSH session. */
684 s->session = libssh2_session_init();
687 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to initialize libssh2 session");
691 #if TRACE_LIBSSH2 != 0
692 libssh2_trace(s->session, TRACE_LIBSSH2);
695 r = libssh2_session_handshake(s->session, s->sock);
698 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to establish SSH session");
702 /* Check the remote host's key against known_hosts. */
703 ret = check_host_key(s, s->inet->host, port, host_key_check,
710 ret = authenticate(s, user, errp);
716 s->sftp = libssh2_sftp_init(s->session);
718 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to initialize sftp handle");
723 /* Open the remote file. */
724 DPRINTF("opening file %s flags=0x%x creat_mode=0%o",
725 path, ssh_flags, creat_mode);
726 s->sftp_handle = libssh2_sftp_open(s->sftp, path, ssh_flags, creat_mode);
727 if (!s->sftp_handle) {
728 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to open remote file '%s'", path);
735 r = libssh2_sftp_fstat(s->sftp_handle, &s->attrs);
737 sftp_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to read file attributes");
744 if (s->sftp_handle) {
745 libssh2_sftp_close(s->sftp_handle);
747 s->sftp_handle = NULL;
749 libssh2_sftp_shutdown(s->sftp);
753 libssh2_session_disconnect(s->session,
754 "from qemu ssh client: "
755 "error opening connection");
756 libssh2_session_free(s->session);
765 static int ssh_file_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int bdrv_flags,
768 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
774 ssh_flags = LIBSSH2_FXF_READ;
775 if (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
776 ssh_flags |= LIBSSH2_FXF_WRITE;
780 ret = connect_to_ssh(s, options, ssh_flags, 0, errp);
785 /* Go non-blocking. */
786 libssh2_session_set_blocking(s->session, 0);
799 static QemuOptsList ssh_create_opts = {
800 .name = "ssh-create-opts",
801 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ssh_create_opts.head),
804 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
805 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
806 .help = "Virtual disk size"
808 { /* end of list */ }
812 static int ssh_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
815 int64_t total_size = 0;
816 QDict *uri_options = NULL;
819 char c[1] = { '\0' };
823 /* Get desired file size. */
824 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
826 DPRINTF("total_size=%" PRIi64, total_size);
828 uri_options = qdict_new();
829 r = parse_uri(filename, uri_options, errp);
835 r = connect_to_ssh(&s, uri_options,
836 LIBSSH2_FXF_READ|LIBSSH2_FXF_WRITE|
837 LIBSSH2_FXF_CREAT|LIBSSH2_FXF_TRUNC,
844 if (total_size > 0) {
845 libssh2_sftp_seek64(s.sftp_handle, total_size-1);
846 r2 = libssh2_sftp_write(s.sftp_handle, c, 1);
848 sftp_error_setg(errp, &s, "truncate failed");
852 s.attrs.filesize = total_size;
859 if (uri_options != NULL) {
860 QDECREF(uri_options);
865 static void ssh_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
867 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
872 static int ssh_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
874 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
875 /* Assume false, unless we can positively prove it's true. */
876 int has_zero_init = 0;
878 if (s->attrs.flags & LIBSSH2_SFTP_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) {
879 if (s->attrs.permissions & LIBSSH2_SFTP_S_IFREG) {
884 return has_zero_init;
887 static void restart_coroutine(void *opaque)
889 Coroutine *co = opaque;
891 DPRINTF("co=%p", co);
893 qemu_coroutine_enter(co);
896 static coroutine_fn void set_fd_handler(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs)
899 IOHandler *rd_handler = NULL, *wr_handler = NULL;
900 Coroutine *co = qemu_coroutine_self();
902 r = libssh2_session_block_directions(s->session);
904 if (r & LIBSSH2_SESSION_BLOCK_INBOUND) {
905 rd_handler = restart_coroutine;
907 if (r & LIBSSH2_SESSION_BLOCK_OUTBOUND) {
908 wr_handler = restart_coroutine;
911 DPRINTF("s->sock=%d rd_handler=%p wr_handler=%p", s->sock,
912 rd_handler, wr_handler);
914 aio_set_fd_handler(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), s->sock,
915 false, rd_handler, wr_handler, co);
918 static coroutine_fn void clear_fd_handler(BDRVSSHState *s,
919 BlockDriverState *bs)
921 DPRINTF("s->sock=%d", s->sock);
922 aio_set_fd_handler(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), s->sock,
923 false, NULL, NULL, NULL);
926 /* A non-blocking call returned EAGAIN, so yield, ensuring the
927 * handlers are set up so that we'll be rescheduled when there is an
928 * interesting event on the socket.
930 static coroutine_fn void co_yield(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs)
932 set_fd_handler(s, bs);
933 qemu_coroutine_yield();
934 clear_fd_handler(s, bs);
937 /* SFTP has a function `libssh2_sftp_seek64' which seeks to a position
938 * in the remote file. Notice that it just updates a field in the
939 * sftp_handle structure, so there is no network traffic and it cannot
942 * However, `libssh2_sftp_seek64' does have a catastrophic effect on
943 * performance since it causes the handle to throw away all in-flight
944 * reads and buffered readahead data. Therefore this function tries
945 * to be intelligent about when to call the underlying libssh2 function.
947 #define SSH_SEEK_WRITE 0
948 #define SSH_SEEK_READ 1
949 #define SSH_SEEK_FORCE 2
951 static void ssh_seek(BDRVSSHState *s, int64_t offset, int flags)
953 bool op_read = (flags & SSH_SEEK_READ) != 0;
954 bool force = (flags & SSH_SEEK_FORCE) != 0;
956 if (force || op_read != s->offset_op_read || offset != s->offset) {
957 DPRINTF("seeking to offset=%" PRIi64, offset);
958 libssh2_sftp_seek64(s->sftp_handle, offset);
960 s->offset_op_read = op_read;
964 static coroutine_fn int ssh_read(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs,
965 int64_t offset, size_t size,
970 char *buf, *end_of_vec;
973 DPRINTF("offset=%" PRIi64 " size=%zu", offset, size);
975 ssh_seek(s, offset, SSH_SEEK_READ);
977 /* This keeps track of the current iovec element ('i'), where we
978 * will write to next ('buf'), and the end of the current iovec
983 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
985 /* libssh2 has a hard-coded limit of 2000 bytes per request,
986 * although it will also do readahead behind our backs. Therefore
987 * we may have to do repeated reads here until we have read 'size'
990 for (got = 0; got < size; ) {
992 DPRINTF("sftp_read buf=%p size=%zu", buf, end_of_vec - buf);
993 r = libssh2_sftp_read(s->sftp_handle, buf, end_of_vec - buf);
994 DPRINTF("sftp_read returned %zd", r);
996 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_EAGAIN || r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
1001 sftp_error_report(s, "read failed");
1006 /* EOF: Short read so pad the buffer with zeroes and return it. */
1007 qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, got, 0, size - got);
1014 if (buf >= end_of_vec && got < size) {
1017 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
1024 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
1026 int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1028 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1031 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1032 ret = ssh_read(s, bs, sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1033 nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, qiov);
1034 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1039 static int ssh_write(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs,
1040 int64_t offset, size_t size,
1045 char *buf, *end_of_vec;
1048 DPRINTF("offset=%" PRIi64 " size=%zu", offset, size);
1050 ssh_seek(s, offset, SSH_SEEK_WRITE);
1052 /* This keeps track of the current iovec element ('i'), where we
1053 * will read from next ('buf'), and the end of the current iovec
1058 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
1060 for (written = 0; written < size; ) {
1062 DPRINTF("sftp_write buf=%p size=%zu", buf, end_of_vec - buf);
1063 r = libssh2_sftp_write(s->sftp_handle, buf, end_of_vec - buf);
1064 DPRINTF("sftp_write returned %zd", r);
1066 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_EAGAIN || r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
1071 sftp_error_report(s, "write failed");
1075 /* The libssh2 API is very unclear about this. A comment in
1076 * the code says "nothing was acked, and no EAGAIN was
1077 * received!" which apparently means that no data got sent
1078 * out, and the underlying channel didn't return any EAGAIN
1079 * indication. I think this is a bug in either libssh2 or
1080 * OpenSSH (server-side). In any case, forcing a seek (to
1081 * discard libssh2 internal buffers), and then trying again
1085 ssh_seek(s, offset + written, SSH_SEEK_WRITE|SSH_SEEK_FORCE);
1093 if (buf >= end_of_vec && written < size) {
1096 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
1099 if (offset + written > s->attrs.filesize)
1100 s->attrs.filesize = offset + written;
1106 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs,
1108 int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1110 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1113 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1114 ret = ssh_write(s, bs, sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1115 nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, qiov);
1116 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1121 static void unsafe_flush_warning(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *what)
1123 if (!s->unsafe_flush_warning) {
1124 error_report("warning: ssh server %s does not support fsync",
1127 error_report("to support fsync, you need %s", what);
1129 s->unsafe_flush_warning = true;
1133 #ifdef HAS_LIBSSH2_SFTP_FSYNC
1135 static coroutine_fn int ssh_flush(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs)
1141 r = libssh2_sftp_fsync(s->sftp_handle);
1142 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_EAGAIN || r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
1146 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_SFTP_PROTOCOL &&
1147 libssh2_sftp_last_error(s->sftp) == LIBSSH2_FX_OP_UNSUPPORTED) {
1148 unsafe_flush_warning(s, "OpenSSH >= 6.3");
1152 sftp_error_report(s, "fsync failed");
1159 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1161 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1164 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1165 ret = ssh_flush(s, bs);
1166 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1171 #else /* !HAS_LIBSSH2_SFTP_FSYNC */
1173 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1175 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1177 unsafe_flush_warning(s, "libssh2 >= 1.4.4");
1181 #endif /* !HAS_LIBSSH2_SFTP_FSYNC */
1183 static int64_t ssh_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1185 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1188 /* Note we cannot make a libssh2 call here. */
1189 length = (int64_t) s->attrs.filesize;
1190 DPRINTF("length=%" PRIi64, length);
1195 static BlockDriver bdrv_ssh = {
1196 .format_name = "ssh",
1197 .protocol_name = "ssh",
1198 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVSSHState),
1199 .bdrv_parse_filename = ssh_parse_filename,
1200 .bdrv_file_open = ssh_file_open,
1201 .bdrv_create = ssh_create,
1202 .bdrv_close = ssh_close,
1203 .bdrv_has_zero_init = ssh_has_zero_init,
1204 .bdrv_co_readv = ssh_co_readv,
1205 .bdrv_co_writev = ssh_co_writev,
1206 .bdrv_getlength = ssh_getlength,
1207 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = ssh_co_flush,
1208 .create_opts = &ssh_create_opts,
1211 static void bdrv_ssh_init(void)
1215 r = libssh2_init(0);
1217 fprintf(stderr, "libssh2 initialization failed, %d\n", r);
1221 bdrv_register(&bdrv_ssh);
1224 block_init(bdrv_ssh_init);