2 * Block driver for RAW files (posix)
4 * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
25 #include "qapi/error.h"
26 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
27 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
28 #include "qemu/timer.h"
30 #include "block/block_int.h"
31 #include "qemu/module.h"
33 #include "block/thread-pool.h"
35 #include "block/raw-aio.h"
36 #include "qapi/util.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
39 #if defined(__APPLE__) && (__MACH__)
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>
43 #include <IOKit/IOBSD.h>
44 #include <IOKit/storage/IOMediaBSDClient.h>
45 #include <IOKit/storage/IOMedia.h>
46 #include <IOKit/storage/IOCDMedia.h>
47 //#include <IOKit/storage/IOCDTypes.h>
48 #include <IOKit/storage/IODVDMedia.h>
49 #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
53 #define _POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS 1
57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
58 #include <sys/param.h>
59 #include <linux/cdrom.h>
62 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
68 #define FS_NOCOW_FL 0x00800000 /* Do not cow file */
71 #if defined(CONFIG_FALLOCATE_PUNCH_HOLE) || defined(CONFIG_FALLOCATE_ZERO_RANGE)
72 #include <linux/falloc.h>
74 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
80 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
81 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
86 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
87 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
93 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
94 #include <sys/diskslice.h>
101 //#define DEBUG_BLOCK
104 # define DEBUG_BLOCK_PRINT 1
106 # define DEBUG_BLOCK_PRINT 0
108 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
110 if (DEBUG_BLOCK_PRINT) { \
111 printf(fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
115 /* OS X does not have O_DSYNC */
118 #define O_DSYNC O_SYNC
119 #elif defined(O_FSYNC)
120 #define O_DSYNC O_FSYNC
124 /* Approximate O_DIRECT with O_DSYNC if O_DIRECT isn't available */
126 #define O_DIRECT O_DSYNC
132 #define MAX_BLOCKSIZE 4096
134 typedef struct BDRVRawState {
144 bool has_write_zeroes:1;
145 bool discard_zeroes:1;
146 bool use_linux_aio:1;
148 bool needs_alignment;
151 typedef struct BDRVRawReopenState {
154 } BDRVRawReopenState;
156 static int fd_open(BlockDriverState *bs);
157 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs);
159 typedef struct RawPosixAIOData {
160 BlockDriverState *bs;
163 struct iovec *aio_iov;
168 #define aio_ioctl_cmd aio_nbytes /* for QEMU_AIO_IOCTL */
173 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
174 static int cdrom_reopen(BlockDriverState *bs);
177 #if defined(__NetBSD__)
178 static int raw_normalize_devicepath(const char **filename)
180 static char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
181 const char *dp, *fname;
185 dp = strrchr(fname, '/');
186 if (lstat(fname, &sb) < 0) {
187 fprintf(stderr, "%s: stat failed: %s\n",
188 fname, strerror(errno));
192 if (!S_ISBLK(sb.st_mode)) {
197 snprintf(namebuf, PATH_MAX, "r%s", fname);
199 snprintf(namebuf, PATH_MAX, "%.*s/r%s",
200 (int)(dp - fname), fname, dp + 1);
202 fprintf(stderr, "%s is a block device", fname);
204 fprintf(stderr, ", using %s\n", *filename);
209 static int raw_normalize_devicepath(const char **filename)
216 * Get logical block size via ioctl. On success store it in @sector_size_p.
218 static int probe_logical_blocksize(int fd, unsigned int *sector_size_p)
220 unsigned int sector_size;
221 bool success = false;
225 /* Try a few ioctls to get the right size */
227 if (ioctl(fd, BLKSSZGET, §or_size) >= 0) {
228 *sector_size_p = sector_size;
232 #ifdef DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE
233 if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE, §or_size) >= 0) {
234 *sector_size_p = sector_size;
238 #ifdef DIOCGSECTORSIZE
239 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, §or_size) >= 0) {
240 *sector_size_p = sector_size;
245 return success ? 0 : -errno;
249 * Get physical block size of @fd.
250 * On success, store it in @blk_size and return 0.
251 * On failure, return -errno.
253 static int probe_physical_blocksize(int fd, unsigned int *blk_size)
256 if (ioctl(fd, BLKPBSZGET, blk_size) < 0) {
265 /* Check if read is allowed with given memory buffer and length.
267 * This function is used to check O_DIRECT memory buffer and request alignment.
269 static bool raw_is_io_aligned(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
271 ssize_t ret = pread(fd, buf, len, 0);
278 /* The Linux kernel returns EINVAL for misaligned O_DIRECT reads. Ignore
279 * other errors (e.g. real I/O error), which could happen on a failed
280 * drive, since we only care about probing alignment.
282 if (errno != EINVAL) {
290 static void raw_probe_alignment(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd, Error **errp)
292 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
294 size_t max_align = MAX(MAX_BLOCKSIZE, getpagesize());
296 /* For SCSI generic devices the alignment is not really used.
297 With buffered I/O, we don't have any restrictions. */
298 if (bdrv_is_sg(bs) || !s->needs_alignment) {
299 bs->bl.request_alignment = 1;
304 bs->bl.request_alignment = 0;
306 /* Let's try to use the logical blocksize for the alignment. */
307 if (probe_logical_blocksize(fd, &bs->bl.request_alignment) < 0) {
308 bs->bl.request_alignment = 0;
313 if (xfsctl(NULL, fd, XFS_IOC_DIOINFO, &da) >= 0) {
314 bs->bl.request_alignment = da.d_miniosz;
315 /* The kernel returns wrong information for d_mem */
316 /* s->buf_align = da.d_mem; */
321 /* If we could not get the sizes so far, we can only guess them */
324 buf = qemu_memalign(max_align, 2 * max_align);
325 for (align = 512; align <= max_align; align <<= 1) {
326 if (raw_is_io_aligned(fd, buf + align, max_align)) {
327 s->buf_align = align;
334 if (!bs->bl.request_alignment) {
336 buf = qemu_memalign(s->buf_align, max_align);
337 for (align = 512; align <= max_align; align <<= 1) {
338 if (raw_is_io_aligned(fd, buf, align)) {
339 bs->bl.request_alignment = align;
346 if (!s->buf_align || !bs->bl.request_alignment) {
347 error_setg(errp, "Could not find working O_DIRECT alignment");
348 error_append_hint(errp, "Try cache.direct=off\n");
352 static void raw_parse_flags(int bdrv_flags, int *open_flags)
354 assert(open_flags != NULL);
356 *open_flags |= O_BINARY;
357 *open_flags &= ~O_ACCMODE;
358 if (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
359 *open_flags |= O_RDWR;
361 *open_flags |= O_RDONLY;
364 /* Use O_DSYNC for write-through caching, no flags for write-back caching,
365 * and O_DIRECT for no caching. */
366 if ((bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE)) {
367 *open_flags |= O_DIRECT;
371 static void raw_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
374 /* The filename does not have to be prefixed by the protocol name, since
375 * "file" is the default protocol; therefore, the return value of this
376 * function call can be ignored. */
377 strstart(filename, "file:", &filename);
379 qdict_put_obj(options, "filename", QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(filename)));
382 static QemuOptsList raw_runtime_opts = {
384 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(raw_runtime_opts.head),
388 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
389 .help = "File name of the image",
393 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
394 .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)",
396 { /* end of list */ }
400 static int raw_open_common(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
401 int bdrv_flags, int open_flags, Error **errp)
403 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
405 Error *local_err = NULL;
406 const char *filename = NULL;
407 BlockdevAioOptions aio, aio_default;
411 opts = qemu_opts_create(&raw_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
412 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
414 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
419 filename = qemu_opt_get(opts, "filename");
421 ret = raw_normalize_devicepath(&filename);
423 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not normalize device path");
427 aio_default = (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO)
428 ? BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS_NATIVE
429 : BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS_THREADS;
430 aio = qapi_enum_parse(BlockdevAioOptions_lookup, qemu_opt_get(opts, "aio"),
431 BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS__MAX, aio_default, &local_err);
433 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
437 s->use_linux_aio = (aio == BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS_NATIVE);
439 s->open_flags = open_flags;
440 raw_parse_flags(bdrv_flags, &s->open_flags);
443 fd = qemu_open(filename, s->open_flags, 0644);
446 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not open '%s'", filename);
454 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
455 /* Currently Linux does AIO only for files opened with O_DIRECT */
456 if (s->use_linux_aio && !(s->open_flags & O_DIRECT)) {
457 error_setg(errp, "aio=native was specified, but it requires "
458 "cache.direct=on, which was not specified.");
463 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
464 error_setg(errp, "aio=native was specified, but is not supported "
469 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_LINUX_AIO) */
471 s->has_discard = true;
472 s->has_write_zeroes = true;
473 bs->supported_zero_flags = BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
474 if ((bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) != 0) {
475 s->needs_alignment = true;
478 if (fstat(s->fd, &st) < 0) {
480 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not stat file");
483 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
484 s->discard_zeroes = true;
485 s->has_fallocate = true;
487 if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
488 #ifdef BLKDISCARDZEROES
490 if (ioctl(s->fd, BLKDISCARDZEROES, &arg) == 0 && arg) {
491 s->discard_zeroes = true;
495 /* On Linux 3.10, BLKDISCARD leaves stale data in the page cache. Do
496 * not rely on the contents of discarded blocks unless using O_DIRECT.
497 * Same for BLKZEROOUT.
499 if (!(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE)) {
500 s->discard_zeroes = false;
501 s->has_write_zeroes = false;
506 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
508 * The file is a char device (disk), which on FreeBSD isn't behind
509 * a pager, so force all requests to be aligned. This is needed
510 * so QEMU makes sure all IO operations on the device are aligned
511 * to sector size, or else FreeBSD will reject them with EINVAL.
513 s->needs_alignment = true;
518 if (platform_test_xfs_fd(s->fd)) {
525 if (filename && (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_TEMPORARY)) {
532 static int raw_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
535 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
537 s->type = FTYPE_FILE;
538 return raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, 0, errp);
541 static int raw_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
542 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
545 BDRVRawReopenState *rs;
547 Error *local_err = NULL;
549 assert(state != NULL);
550 assert(state->bs != NULL);
552 s = state->bs->opaque;
554 state->opaque = g_new0(BDRVRawReopenState, 1);
557 if (s->type == FTYPE_CD) {
558 rs->open_flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
561 raw_parse_flags(state->flags, &rs->open_flags);
565 int fcntl_flags = O_APPEND | O_NONBLOCK;
567 fcntl_flags |= O_NOATIME;
571 /* Not all operating systems have O_ASYNC, and those that don't
572 * will not let us track the state into rs->open_flags (typically
573 * you achieve the same effect with an ioctl, for example I_SETSIG
574 * on Solaris). But we do not use O_ASYNC, so that's fine.
576 assert((s->open_flags & O_ASYNC) == 0);
579 if ((rs->open_flags & ~fcntl_flags) == (s->open_flags & ~fcntl_flags)) {
580 /* dup the original fd */
581 rs->fd = qemu_dup(s->fd);
583 ret = fcntl_setfl(rs->fd, rs->open_flags);
591 /* If we cannot use fcntl, or fcntl failed, fall back to qemu_open() */
593 const char *normalized_filename = state->bs->filename;
594 ret = raw_normalize_devicepath(&normalized_filename);
596 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not normalize device path");
598 assert(!(rs->open_flags & O_CREAT));
599 rs->fd = qemu_open(normalized_filename, rs->open_flags);
601 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not reopen file");
607 /* Fail already reopen_prepare() if we can't get a working O_DIRECT
608 * alignment with the new fd. */
610 raw_probe_alignment(state->bs, rs->fd, &local_err);
614 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
622 static void raw_reopen_commit(BDRVReopenState *state)
624 BDRVRawReopenState *rs = state->opaque;
625 BDRVRawState *s = state->bs->opaque;
627 s->open_flags = rs->open_flags;
632 g_free(state->opaque);
633 state->opaque = NULL;
637 static void raw_reopen_abort(BDRVReopenState *state)
639 BDRVRawReopenState *rs = state->opaque;
641 /* nothing to do if NULL, we didn't get far enough */
650 g_free(state->opaque);
651 state->opaque = NULL;
654 static int hdev_get_max_transfer_length(int fd)
658 if (ioctl(fd, BLKSECTGET, &max_sectors) == 0) {
668 static void raw_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
670 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
673 if (!fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
674 if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
675 int ret = hdev_get_max_transfer_length(s->fd);
676 if (ret > 0 && ret <= BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS) {
677 bs->bl.max_transfer = pow2floor(ret << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
682 raw_probe_alignment(bs, s->fd, errp);
683 bs->bl.min_mem_alignment = s->buf_align;
684 bs->bl.opt_mem_alignment = MAX(s->buf_align, getpagesize());
687 static int check_for_dasd(int fd)
690 struct dasd_information2_t info = {0};
692 return ioctl(fd, BIODASDINFO2, &info);
699 * Try to get @bs's logical and physical block size.
700 * On success, store them in @bsz and return zero.
701 * On failure, return negative errno.
703 static int hdev_probe_blocksizes(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockSizes *bsz)
705 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
708 /* If DASD, get blocksizes */
709 if (check_for_dasd(s->fd) < 0) {
712 ret = probe_logical_blocksize(s->fd, &bsz->log);
716 return probe_physical_blocksize(s->fd, &bsz->phys);
720 * Try to get @bs's geometry: cyls, heads, sectors.
721 * On success, store them in @geo and return 0.
722 * On failure return -errno.
723 * (Allows block driver to assign default geometry values that guest sees)
726 static int hdev_probe_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, HDGeometry *geo)
728 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
729 struct hd_geometry ioctl_geo = {0};
731 /* If DASD, get its geometry */
732 if (check_for_dasd(s->fd) < 0) {
735 if (ioctl(s->fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &ioctl_geo) < 0) {
738 /* HDIO_GETGEO may return success even though geo contains zeros
739 (e.g. certain multipath setups) */
740 if (!ioctl_geo.heads || !ioctl_geo.sectors || !ioctl_geo.cylinders) {
743 /* Do not return a geometry for partition */
744 if (ioctl_geo.start != 0) {
747 geo->heads = ioctl_geo.heads;
748 geo->sectors = ioctl_geo.sectors;
749 geo->cylinders = ioctl_geo.cylinders;
753 #else /* __linux__ */
754 static int hdev_probe_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, HDGeometry *geo)
760 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_ioctl(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
764 ret = ioctl(aiocb->aio_fildes, aiocb->aio_ioctl_cmd, aiocb->aio_ioctl_buf);
772 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_flush(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
776 ret = qemu_fdatasync(aiocb->aio_fildes);
785 static bool preadv_present = true;
788 qemu_preadv(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
790 return preadv(fd, iov, nr_iov, offset);
794 qemu_pwritev(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
796 return pwritev(fd, iov, nr_iov, offset);
801 static bool preadv_present = false;
804 qemu_preadv(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
810 qemu_pwritev(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
817 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw_vector(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
822 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE)
823 len = qemu_pwritev(aiocb->aio_fildes,
828 len = qemu_preadv(aiocb->aio_fildes,
832 } while (len == -1 && errno == EINTR);
841 * Read/writes the data to/from a given linear buffer.
843 * Returns the number of bytes handles or -errno in case of an error. Short
844 * reads are only returned if the end of the file is reached.
846 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw_linear(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb, char *buf)
851 while (offset < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
852 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) {
853 len = pwrite(aiocb->aio_fildes,
854 (const char *)buf + offset,
855 aiocb->aio_nbytes - offset,
856 aiocb->aio_offset + offset);
858 len = pread(aiocb->aio_fildes,
860 aiocb->aio_nbytes - offset,
861 aiocb->aio_offset + offset);
863 if (len == -1 && errno == EINTR) {
865 } else if (len == -1 && errno == EINVAL &&
866 (aiocb->bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) &&
867 !(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) &&
869 /* O_DIRECT pread() may fail with EINVAL when offset is unaligned
870 * after a short read. Assume that O_DIRECT short reads only occur
871 * at EOF. Therefore this is a short read, not an I/O error.
874 } else if (len == -1) {
877 } else if (len == 0) {
886 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
891 if (!(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_MISALIGNED)) {
893 * If there is just a single buffer, and it is properly aligned
894 * we can just use plain pread/pwrite without any problems.
896 if (aiocb->aio_niov == 1) {
897 return handle_aiocb_rw_linear(aiocb, aiocb->aio_iov->iov_base);
900 * We have more than one iovec, and all are properly aligned.
902 * Try preadv/pwritev first and fall back to linearizing the
903 * buffer if it's not supported.
905 if (preadv_present) {
906 nbytes = handle_aiocb_rw_vector(aiocb);
907 if (nbytes == aiocb->aio_nbytes ||
908 (nbytes < 0 && nbytes != -ENOSYS)) {
911 preadv_present = false;
915 * XXX(hch): short read/write. no easy way to handle the reminder
916 * using these interfaces. For now retry using plain
922 * Ok, we have to do it the hard way, copy all segments into
923 * a single aligned buffer.
925 buf = qemu_try_blockalign(aiocb->bs, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
930 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) {
934 for (i = 0; i < aiocb->aio_niov; ++i) {
935 memcpy(p, aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_base, aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len);
936 p += aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len;
938 assert(p - buf == aiocb->aio_nbytes);
941 nbytes = handle_aiocb_rw_linear(aiocb, buf);
942 if (!(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE)) {
944 size_t count = aiocb->aio_nbytes, copy;
947 for (i = 0; i < aiocb->aio_niov && count; ++i) {
949 if (copy > aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len) {
950 copy = aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len;
952 memcpy(aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_base, p, copy);
953 assert(count >= copy);
965 static int xfs_write_zeroes(BDRVRawState *s, int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes)
967 struct xfs_flock64 fl;
970 memset(&fl, 0, sizeof(fl));
971 fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
975 if (xfsctl(NULL, s->fd, XFS_IOC_ZERO_RANGE, &fl) < 0) {
977 DPRINTF("cannot write zero range (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
984 static int xfs_discard(BDRVRawState *s, int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes)
986 struct xfs_flock64 fl;
989 memset(&fl, 0, sizeof(fl));
990 fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
994 if (xfsctl(NULL, s->fd, XFS_IOC_UNRESVSP64, &fl) < 0) {
996 DPRINTF("cannot punch hole (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
1004 static int translate_err(int err)
1006 if (err == -ENODEV || err == -ENOSYS || err == -EOPNOTSUPP ||
1013 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE
1014 static int do_fallocate(int fd, int mode, off_t offset, off_t len)
1017 if (fallocate(fd, mode, offset, len) == 0) {
1020 } while (errno == EINTR);
1021 return translate_err(-errno);
1025 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_write_zeroes_block(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1028 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1030 if (!s->has_write_zeroes) {
1036 uint64_t range[2] = { aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes };
1037 if (ioctl(aiocb->aio_fildes, BLKZEROOUT, range) == 0) {
1040 } while (errno == EINTR);
1042 ret = translate_err(-errno);
1045 if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
1046 s->has_write_zeroes = false;
1051 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_write_zeroes(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1053 #if defined(CONFIG_FALLOCATE) || defined(CONFIG_XFS)
1054 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1057 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV) {
1058 return handle_aiocb_write_zeroes_block(aiocb);
1063 return xfs_write_zeroes(s, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1067 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE_ZERO_RANGE
1068 if (s->has_write_zeroes) {
1069 int ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE,
1070 aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1071 if (ret == 0 || ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1074 s->has_write_zeroes = false;
1078 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE_PUNCH_HOLE
1079 if (s->has_discard && s->has_fallocate) {
1080 int ret = do_fallocate(s->fd,
1081 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
1082 aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1084 ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, 0, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1085 if (ret == 0 || ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1088 s->has_fallocate = false;
1089 } else if (ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1092 s->has_discard = false;
1097 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE
1098 if (s->has_fallocate && aiocb->aio_offset >= bdrv_getlength(aiocb->bs)) {
1099 int ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, 0, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1100 if (ret == 0 || ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1103 s->has_fallocate = false;
1110 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_discard(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1112 int ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
1113 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1115 if (!s->has_discard) {
1119 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV) {
1122 uint64_t range[2] = { aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes };
1123 if (ioctl(aiocb->aio_fildes, BLKDISCARD, range) == 0) {
1126 } while (errno == EINTR);
1133 return xfs_discard(s, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1137 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE_PUNCH_HOLE
1138 ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
1139 aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1143 ret = translate_err(ret);
1144 if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
1145 s->has_discard = false;
1150 static int aio_worker(void *arg)
1152 RawPosixAIOData *aiocb = arg;
1155 switch (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_TYPE_MASK) {
1157 ret = handle_aiocb_rw(aiocb);
1158 if (ret >= 0 && ret < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1159 iov_memset(aiocb->aio_iov, aiocb->aio_niov, ret,
1160 0, aiocb->aio_nbytes - ret);
1162 ret = aiocb->aio_nbytes;
1164 if (ret == aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1166 } else if (ret >= 0 && ret < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1170 case QEMU_AIO_WRITE:
1171 ret = handle_aiocb_rw(aiocb);
1172 if (ret == aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1174 } else if (ret >= 0 && ret < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1178 case QEMU_AIO_FLUSH:
1179 ret = handle_aiocb_flush(aiocb);
1181 case QEMU_AIO_IOCTL:
1182 ret = handle_aiocb_ioctl(aiocb);
1184 case QEMU_AIO_DISCARD:
1185 ret = handle_aiocb_discard(aiocb);
1187 case QEMU_AIO_WRITE_ZEROES:
1188 ret = handle_aiocb_write_zeroes(aiocb);
1191 fprintf(stderr, "invalid aio request (0x%x)\n", aiocb->aio_type);
1200 static int paio_submit_co(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd,
1201 int64_t offset, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1202 int count, int type)
1204 RawPosixAIOData *acb = g_new(RawPosixAIOData, 1);
1208 acb->aio_type = type;
1209 acb->aio_fildes = fd;
1211 acb->aio_nbytes = count;
1212 acb->aio_offset = offset;
1215 acb->aio_iov = qiov->iov;
1216 acb->aio_niov = qiov->niov;
1217 assert(qiov->size == count);
1220 trace_paio_submit_co(offset, count, type);
1221 pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1222 return thread_pool_submit_co(pool, aio_worker, acb);
1225 static BlockAIOCB *paio_submit(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd,
1226 int64_t offset, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int count,
1227 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque, int type)
1229 RawPosixAIOData *acb = g_new(RawPosixAIOData, 1);
1233 acb->aio_type = type;
1234 acb->aio_fildes = fd;
1236 acb->aio_nbytes = count;
1237 acb->aio_offset = offset;
1240 acb->aio_iov = qiov->iov;
1241 acb->aio_niov = qiov->niov;
1242 assert(qiov->size == acb->aio_nbytes);
1245 trace_paio_submit(acb, opaque, offset, count, type);
1246 pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1247 return thread_pool_submit_aio(pool, aio_worker, acb, cb, opaque);
1250 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_prw(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1251 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int type)
1253 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1255 if (fd_open(bs) < 0)
1259 * Check if the underlying device requires requests to be aligned,
1260 * and if the request we are trying to submit is aligned or not.
1261 * If this is the case tell the low-level driver that it needs
1262 * to copy the buffer.
1264 if (s->needs_alignment) {
1265 if (!bdrv_qiov_is_aligned(bs, qiov)) {
1266 type |= QEMU_AIO_MISALIGNED;
1267 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1268 } else if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1269 LinuxAioState *aio = aio_get_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1270 assert(qiov->size == bytes);
1271 return laio_co_submit(bs, aio, s->fd, offset, qiov, type);
1276 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, qiov, bytes, type);
1279 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1280 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1283 return raw_co_prw(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, QEMU_AIO_READ);
1286 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1287 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1291 return raw_co_prw(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, QEMU_AIO_WRITE);
1294 static void raw_aio_plug(BlockDriverState *bs)
1296 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1297 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1298 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1299 LinuxAioState *aio = aio_get_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1300 laio_io_plug(bs, aio);
1305 static void raw_aio_unplug(BlockDriverState *bs)
1307 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1308 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1309 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1310 LinuxAioState *aio = aio_get_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1311 laio_io_unplug(bs, aio);
1316 static BlockAIOCB *raw_aio_flush(BlockDriverState *bs,
1317 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
1319 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1321 if (fd_open(bs) < 0)
1324 return paio_submit(bs, s->fd, 0, NULL, 0, cb, opaque, QEMU_AIO_FLUSH);
1327 static void raw_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1329 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1337 static int raw_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset)
1339 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1342 if (fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
1346 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
1347 if (ftruncate(s->fd, offset) < 0) {
1350 } else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
1351 if (offset > raw_getlength(bs)) {
1362 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1364 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1370 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
1371 struct disklabel dl;
1373 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl))
1375 return (uint64_t)dl.d_secsize *
1376 dl.d_partitions[DISKPART(st.st_rdev)].p_size;
1380 #elif defined(__NetBSD__)
1381 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1383 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1389 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
1390 struct dkwedge_info dkw;
1392 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGWEDGEINFO, &dkw) != -1) {
1393 return dkw.dkw_size * 512;
1395 struct disklabel dl;
1397 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl))
1399 return (uint64_t)dl.d_secsize *
1400 dl.d_partitions[DISKPART(st.st_rdev)].p_size;
1405 #elif defined(__sun__)
1406 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1408 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1409 struct dk_minfo minfo;
1419 * Use the DKIOCGMEDIAINFO ioctl to read the size.
1421 ret = ioctl(s->fd, DKIOCGMEDIAINFO, &minfo);
1423 return minfo.dki_lbsize * minfo.dki_capacity;
1427 * There are reports that lseek on some devices fails, but
1428 * irc discussion said that contingency on contingency was overkill.
1430 size = lseek(s->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
1436 #elif defined(CONFIG_BSD)
1437 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1439 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1443 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
1452 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
1455 if (!fstat(fd, &sb) && (S_IFCHR & sb.st_mode)) {
1456 #ifdef DIOCGMEDIASIZE
1457 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, (off_t *)&size))
1458 #elif defined(DIOCGPART)
1461 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPART, &pi) == 0)
1462 size = pi.media_size;
1468 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
1470 uint64_t sectors = 0;
1471 uint32_t sector_size = 0;
1473 if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKCOUNT, §ors) == 0
1474 && ioctl(fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE, §or_size) == 0) {
1475 size = sectors * sector_size;
1477 size = lseek(fd, 0LL, SEEK_END);
1484 size = lseek(fd, 0LL, SEEK_END);
1489 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
1492 /* XXX FreeBSD acd returns UINT_MAX sectors for an empty drive */
1493 if (size == 2048LL * (unsigned)-1)
1495 /* XXX no disc? maybe we need to reopen... */
1496 if (size <= 0 && !reopened && cdrom_reopen(bs) >= 0) {
1503 size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
1511 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1513 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1522 size = lseek(s->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
1530 static int64_t raw_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
1533 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1535 if (fstat(s->fd, &st) < 0) {
1538 return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512;
1541 static int raw_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1545 int64_t total_size = 0;
1547 PreallocMode prealloc;
1549 Error *local_err = NULL;
1551 strstart(filename, "file:", &filename);
1553 /* Read out options */
1554 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
1556 nocow = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_NOCOW, false);
1557 buf = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
1558 prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(PreallocMode_lookup, buf,
1559 PREALLOC_MODE__MAX, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF,
1563 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1568 fd = qemu_open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY,
1572 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not create file");
1578 /* Set NOCOW flag to solve performance issue on fs like btrfs.
1579 * This is an optimisation. The FS_IOC_SETFLAGS ioctl return value
1580 * will be ignored since any failure of this operation should not
1581 * block the left work.
1584 if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, &attr) == 0) {
1585 attr |= FS_NOCOW_FL;
1586 ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &attr);
1591 if (ftruncate(fd, total_size) != 0) {
1593 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not resize file");
1598 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1599 case PREALLOC_MODE_FALLOC:
1600 /* posix_fallocate() doesn't set errno. */
1601 result = -posix_fallocate(fd, 0, total_size);
1603 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1604 "Could not preallocate data for the new file");
1608 case PREALLOC_MODE_FULL:
1610 int64_t num = 0, left = total_size;
1611 buf = g_malloc0(65536);
1614 num = MIN(left, 65536);
1615 result = write(fd, buf, num);
1618 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1619 "Could not write to the new file");
1628 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1629 "Could not flush new file to disk");
1635 case PREALLOC_MODE_OFF:
1639 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported preallocation mode: %s",
1640 PreallocMode_lookup[prealloc]);
1645 if (qemu_close(fd) != 0 && result == 0) {
1647 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not close the new file");
1654 * Find allocation range in @bs around offset @start.
1655 * May change underlying file descriptor's file offset.
1656 * If @start is not in a hole, store @start in @data, and the
1657 * beginning of the next hole in @hole, and return 0.
1658 * If @start is in a non-trailing hole, store @start in @hole and the
1659 * beginning of the next non-hole in @data, and return 0.
1660 * If @start is in a trailing hole or beyond EOF, return -ENXIO.
1661 * If we can't find out, return a negative errno other than -ENXIO.
1663 static int find_allocation(BlockDriverState *bs, off_t start,
1664 off_t *data, off_t *hole)
1666 #if defined SEEK_HOLE && defined SEEK_DATA
1667 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1672 * D1. offs == start: start is in data
1673 * D2. offs > start: start is in a hole, next data at offs
1674 * D3. offs < 0, errno = ENXIO: either start is in a trailing hole
1675 * or start is beyond EOF
1676 * If the latter happens, the file has been truncated behind
1677 * our back since we opened it. All bets are off then.
1678 * Treating like a trailing hole is simplest.
1679 * D4. offs < 0, errno != ENXIO: we learned nothing
1681 offs = lseek(s->fd, start, SEEK_DATA);
1683 return -errno; /* D3 or D4 */
1685 assert(offs >= start);
1688 /* D2: in hole, next data at offs */
1694 /* D1: in data, end not yet known */
1698 * H1. offs == start: start is in a hole
1699 * If this happens here, a hole has been dug behind our back
1700 * since the previous lseek().
1701 * H2. offs > start: either start is in data, next hole at offs,
1702 * or start is in trailing hole, EOF at offs
1703 * Linux treats trailing holes like any other hole: offs ==
1704 * start. Solaris seeks to EOF instead: offs > start (blech).
1705 * If that happens here, a hole has been dug behind our back
1706 * since the previous lseek().
1707 * H3. offs < 0, errno = ENXIO: start is beyond EOF
1708 * If this happens, the file has been truncated behind our
1709 * back since we opened it. Treat it like a trailing hole.
1710 * H4. offs < 0, errno != ENXIO: we learned nothing
1711 * Pretend we know nothing at all, i.e. "forget" about D1.
1713 offs = lseek(s->fd, start, SEEK_HOLE);
1715 return -errno; /* D1 and (H3 or H4) */
1717 assert(offs >= start);
1721 * D1 and H2: either in data, next hole at offs, or it was in
1722 * data but is now in a trailing hole. In the latter case,
1723 * all bets are off. Treating it as if it there was data all
1724 * the way to EOF is safe, so simply do that.
1739 * Returns the allocation status of the specified sectors.
1741 * If 'sector_num' is beyond the end of the disk image the return value is 0
1742 * and 'pnum' is set to 0.
1744 * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
1745 * the specified sector) that are known to be in the same
1746 * allocated/unallocated state.
1748 * 'nb_sectors' is the max value 'pnum' should be set to. If nb_sectors goes
1749 * beyond the end of the disk image it will be clamped.
1751 static int64_t coroutine_fn raw_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
1753 int nb_sectors, int *pnum,
1754 BlockDriverState **file)
1756 off_t start, data = 0, hole = 0;
1765 start = sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1766 total_size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1767 if (total_size < 0) {
1769 } else if (start >= total_size) {
1772 } else if (start + nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE > total_size) {
1773 nb_sectors = DIV_ROUND_UP(total_size - start, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1776 ret = find_allocation(bs, start, &data, &hole);
1777 if (ret == -ENXIO) {
1780 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1781 } else if (ret < 0) {
1782 /* No info available, so pretend there are no holes */
1784 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1785 } else if (data == start) {
1786 /* On a data extent, compute sectors to the end of the extent,
1787 * possibly including a partial sector at EOF. */
1788 *pnum = MIN(nb_sectors, DIV_ROUND_UP(hole - start, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
1789 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1791 /* On a hole, compute sectors to the beginning of the next extent. */
1792 assert(hole == start);
1793 *pnum = MIN(nb_sectors, (data - start) / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1794 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1797 return ret | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID | start;
1800 static coroutine_fn BlockAIOCB *raw_aio_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs,
1801 int64_t offset, int count,
1802 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
1804 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1806 return paio_submit(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, count,
1807 cb, opaque, QEMU_AIO_DISCARD);
1810 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pwrite_zeroes(
1811 BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
1812 int count, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
1814 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1816 if (!(flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP)) {
1817 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, count,
1818 QEMU_AIO_WRITE_ZEROES);
1819 } else if (s->discard_zeroes) {
1820 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, count,
1826 static int raw_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
1828 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1830 bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero = s->discard_zeroes;
1831 bdi->can_write_zeroes_with_unmap = s->discard_zeroes;
1835 static QemuOptsList raw_create_opts = {
1836 .name = "raw-create-opts",
1837 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(raw_create_opts.head),
1840 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
1841 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
1842 .help = "Virtual disk size"
1845 .name = BLOCK_OPT_NOCOW,
1846 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1847 .help = "Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)"
1850 .name = BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC,
1851 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1852 .help = "Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, falloc, full)"
1854 { /* end of list */ }
1858 BlockDriver bdrv_file = {
1859 .format_name = "file",
1860 .protocol_name = "file",
1861 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
1862 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
1863 .bdrv_probe = NULL, /* no probe for protocols */
1864 .bdrv_parse_filename = raw_parse_filename,
1865 .bdrv_file_open = raw_open,
1866 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
1867 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
1868 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
1869 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
1870 .bdrv_create = raw_create,
1871 .bdrv_has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init_1,
1872 .bdrv_co_get_block_status = raw_co_get_block_status,
1873 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = raw_co_pwrite_zeroes,
1875 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
1876 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
1877 .bdrv_aio_flush = raw_aio_flush,
1878 .bdrv_aio_pdiscard = raw_aio_pdiscard,
1879 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
1880 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
1881 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
1883 .bdrv_truncate = raw_truncate,
1884 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
1885 .bdrv_get_info = raw_get_info,
1886 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
1887 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
1889 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
1892 /***********************************************/
1895 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
1896 static kern_return_t GetBSDPath(io_iterator_t mediaIterator, char *bsdPath,
1897 CFIndex maxPathSize, int flags);
1898 static char *FindEjectableOpticalMedia(io_iterator_t *mediaIterator)
1900 kern_return_t kernResult = KERN_FAILURE;
1901 mach_port_t masterPort;
1902 CFMutableDictionaryRef classesToMatch;
1903 const char *matching_array[] = {kIODVDMediaClass, kIOCDMediaClass};
1904 char *mediaType = NULL;
1906 kernResult = IOMasterPort( MACH_PORT_NULL, &masterPort );
1907 if ( KERN_SUCCESS != kernResult ) {
1908 printf( "IOMasterPort returned %d\n", kernResult );
1912 for (index = 0; index < ARRAY_SIZE(matching_array); index++) {
1913 classesToMatch = IOServiceMatching(matching_array[index]);
1914 if (classesToMatch == NULL) {
1915 error_report("IOServiceMatching returned NULL for %s",
1916 matching_array[index]);
1919 CFDictionarySetValue(classesToMatch, CFSTR(kIOMediaEjectableKey),
1921 kernResult = IOServiceGetMatchingServices(masterPort, classesToMatch,
1923 if (kernResult != KERN_SUCCESS) {
1924 error_report("Note: IOServiceGetMatchingServices returned %d",
1929 /* If a match was found, leave the loop */
1930 if (*mediaIterator != 0) {
1931 DPRINTF("Matching using %s\n", matching_array[index]);
1932 mediaType = g_strdup(matching_array[index]);
1939 kern_return_t GetBSDPath(io_iterator_t mediaIterator, char *bsdPath,
1940 CFIndex maxPathSize, int flags)
1942 io_object_t nextMedia;
1943 kern_return_t kernResult = KERN_FAILURE;
1945 nextMedia = IOIteratorNext( mediaIterator );
1948 CFTypeRef bsdPathAsCFString;
1949 bsdPathAsCFString = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty( nextMedia, CFSTR( kIOBSDNameKey ), kCFAllocatorDefault, 0 );
1950 if ( bsdPathAsCFString ) {
1951 size_t devPathLength;
1952 strcpy( bsdPath, _PATH_DEV );
1953 if (flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) {
1954 strcat(bsdPath, "r");
1956 devPathLength = strlen( bsdPath );
1957 if ( CFStringGetCString( bsdPathAsCFString, bsdPath + devPathLength, maxPathSize - devPathLength, kCFStringEncodingASCII ) ) {
1958 kernResult = KERN_SUCCESS;
1960 CFRelease( bsdPathAsCFString );
1962 IOObjectRelease( nextMedia );
1968 /* Sets up a real cdrom for use in QEMU */
1969 static bool setup_cdrom(char *bsd_path, Error **errp)
1971 int index, num_of_test_partitions = 2, fd;
1972 char test_partition[MAXPATHLEN];
1973 bool partition_found = false;
1975 /* look for a working partition */
1976 for (index = 0; index < num_of_test_partitions; index++) {
1977 snprintf(test_partition, sizeof(test_partition), "%ss%d", bsd_path,
1979 fd = qemu_open(test_partition, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE);
1981 partition_found = true;
1987 /* if a working partition on the device was not found */
1988 if (partition_found == false) {
1989 error_setg(errp, "Failed to find a working partition on disc");
1991 DPRINTF("Using %s as optical disc\n", test_partition);
1992 pstrcpy(bsd_path, MAXPATHLEN, test_partition);
1994 return partition_found;
1997 /* Prints directions on mounting and unmounting a device */
1998 static void print_unmounting_directions(const char *file_name)
2000 error_report("If device %s is mounted on the desktop, unmount"
2001 " it first before using it in QEMU", file_name);
2002 error_report("Command to unmount device: diskutil unmountDisk %s",
2004 error_report("Command to mount device: diskutil mountDisk %s", file_name);
2007 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) */
2009 static int hdev_probe_device(const char *filename)
2013 /* allow a dedicated CD-ROM driver to match with a higher priority */
2014 if (strstart(filename, "/dev/cdrom", NULL))
2017 if (stat(filename, &st) >= 0 &&
2018 (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))) {
2025 static int check_hdev_writable(BDRVRawState *s)
2027 #if defined(BLKROGET)
2028 /* Linux block devices can be configured "read-only" using blockdev(8).
2029 * This is independent of device node permissions and therefore open(2)
2030 * with O_RDWR succeeds. Actual writes fail with EPERM.
2032 * bdrv_open() is supposed to fail if the disk is read-only. Explicitly
2033 * check for read-only block devices so that Linux block devices behave
2039 if (fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
2043 if (!S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
2047 if (ioctl(s->fd, BLKROGET, &readonly) < 0) {
2054 #endif /* defined(BLKROGET) */
2058 static void hdev_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
2061 /* The prefix is optional, just as for "file". */
2062 strstart(filename, "host_device:", &filename);
2064 qdict_put_obj(options, "filename", QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(filename)));
2067 static bool hdev_is_sg(BlockDriverState *bs)
2070 #if defined(__linux__)
2072 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2074 struct sg_scsi_id scsiid;
2078 if (stat(bs->filename, &st) < 0 || !S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
2082 ret = ioctl(s->fd, SG_GET_VERSION_NUM, &sg_version);
2087 ret = ioctl(s->fd, SG_GET_SCSI_ID, &scsiid);
2089 DPRINTF("SG device found: type=%d, version=%d\n",
2090 scsiid.scsi_type, sg_version);
2099 static int hdev_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
2102 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2103 Error *local_err = NULL;
2106 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
2107 const char *filename = qdict_get_str(options, "filename");
2108 char bsd_path[MAXPATHLEN] = "";
2109 bool error_occurred = false;
2111 /* If using a real cdrom */
2112 if (strcmp(filename, "/dev/cdrom") == 0) {
2113 char *mediaType = NULL;
2114 kern_return_t ret_val;
2115 io_iterator_t mediaIterator = 0;
2117 mediaType = FindEjectableOpticalMedia(&mediaIterator);
2118 if (mediaType == NULL) {
2119 error_setg(errp, "Please make sure your CD/DVD is in the optical"
2121 error_occurred = true;
2122 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2125 ret_val = GetBSDPath(mediaIterator, bsd_path, sizeof(bsd_path), flags);
2126 if (ret_val != KERN_SUCCESS) {
2127 error_setg(errp, "Could not get BSD path for optical drive");
2128 error_occurred = true;
2129 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2132 /* If a real optical drive was not found */
2133 if (bsd_path[0] == '\0') {
2134 error_setg(errp, "Failed to obtain bsd path for optical drive");
2135 error_occurred = true;
2136 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2139 /* If using a cdrom disc and finding a partition on the disc failed */
2140 if (strncmp(mediaType, kIOCDMediaClass, 9) == 0 &&
2141 setup_cdrom(bsd_path, errp) == false) {
2142 print_unmounting_directions(bsd_path);
2143 error_occurred = true;
2144 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2147 qdict_put(options, "filename", qstring_from_str(bsd_path));
2149 hdev_open_Mac_error:
2151 if (mediaIterator) {
2152 IOObjectRelease(mediaIterator);
2154 if (error_occurred) {
2158 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) */
2160 s->type = FTYPE_FILE;
2162 ret = raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, 0, &local_err);
2164 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2165 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
2167 filename = bsd_path;
2169 /* if a physical device experienced an error while being opened */
2170 if (strncmp(filename, "/dev/", 5) == 0) {
2171 print_unmounting_directions(filename);
2173 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) */
2177 /* Since this does ioctl the device must be already opened */
2178 bs->sg = hdev_is_sg(bs);
2180 if (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
2181 ret = check_hdev_writable(s);
2184 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "The device is not writable");
2192 #if defined(__linux__)
2194 static BlockAIOCB *hdev_aio_ioctl(BlockDriverState *bs,
2195 unsigned long int req, void *buf,
2196 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
2198 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2199 RawPosixAIOData *acb;
2202 if (fd_open(bs) < 0)
2205 acb = g_new(RawPosixAIOData, 1);
2207 acb->aio_type = QEMU_AIO_IOCTL;
2208 acb->aio_fildes = s->fd;
2209 acb->aio_offset = 0;
2210 acb->aio_ioctl_buf = buf;
2211 acb->aio_ioctl_cmd = req;
2212 pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
2213 return thread_pool_submit_aio(pool, aio_worker, acb, cb, opaque);
2217 static int fd_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
2219 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2221 /* this is just to ensure s->fd is sane (its called by io ops) */
2227 static coroutine_fn BlockAIOCB *hdev_aio_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs,
2228 int64_t offset, int count,
2229 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
2231 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2233 if (fd_open(bs) < 0) {
2236 return paio_submit(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, count,
2237 cb, opaque, QEMU_AIO_DISCARD|QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV);
2240 static coroutine_fn int hdev_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
2241 int64_t offset, int count, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
2243 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2250 if (!(flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP)) {
2251 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, count,
2252 QEMU_AIO_WRITE_ZEROES|QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV);
2253 } else if (s->discard_zeroes) {
2254 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, count,
2255 QEMU_AIO_DISCARD|QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV);
2260 static int hdev_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts,
2265 struct stat stat_buf;
2266 int64_t total_size = 0;
2269 /* This function is used by both protocol block drivers and therefore either
2270 * of these prefixes may be given.
2271 * The return value has to be stored somewhere, otherwise this is an error
2272 * due to -Werror=unused-value. */
2274 strstart(filename, "host_device:", &filename) ||
2275 strstart(filename, "host_cdrom:" , &filename);
2279 ret = raw_normalize_devicepath(&filename);
2281 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not normalize device path");
2285 /* Read out options */
2286 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
2289 fd = qemu_open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_BINARY);
2292 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not open device");
2296 if (fstat(fd, &stat_buf) < 0) {
2298 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not stat device");
2299 } else if (!S_ISBLK(stat_buf.st_mode) && !S_ISCHR(stat_buf.st_mode)) {
2301 "The given file is neither a block nor a character device");
2303 } else if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END) < total_size) {
2304 error_setg(errp, "Device is too small");
2312 static BlockDriver bdrv_host_device = {
2313 .format_name = "host_device",
2314 .protocol_name = "host_device",
2315 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
2316 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
2317 .bdrv_probe_device = hdev_probe_device,
2318 .bdrv_parse_filename = hdev_parse_filename,
2319 .bdrv_file_open = hdev_open,
2320 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
2321 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
2322 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
2323 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
2324 .bdrv_create = hdev_create,
2325 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
2326 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = hdev_co_pwrite_zeroes,
2328 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
2329 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
2330 .bdrv_aio_flush = raw_aio_flush,
2331 .bdrv_aio_pdiscard = hdev_aio_pdiscard,
2332 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
2333 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
2334 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
2336 .bdrv_truncate = raw_truncate,
2337 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
2338 .bdrv_get_info = raw_get_info,
2339 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
2340 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
2341 .bdrv_probe_blocksizes = hdev_probe_blocksizes,
2342 .bdrv_probe_geometry = hdev_probe_geometry,
2344 /* generic scsi device */
2346 .bdrv_aio_ioctl = hdev_aio_ioctl,
2350 #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
2351 static void cdrom_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
2354 /* The prefix is optional, just as for "file". */
2355 strstart(filename, "host_cdrom:", &filename);
2357 qdict_put_obj(options, "filename", QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(filename)));
2362 static int cdrom_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
2365 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2369 /* open will not fail even if no CD is inserted, so add O_NONBLOCK */
2370 return raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, O_NONBLOCK, errp);
2373 static int cdrom_probe_device(const char *filename)
2379 fd = qemu_open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
2383 ret = fstat(fd, &st);
2384 if (ret == -1 || !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
2388 /* Attempt to detect via a CDROM specific ioctl */
2389 ret = ioctl(fd, CDROM_DRIVE_STATUS, CDSL_CURRENT);
2399 static bool cdrom_is_inserted(BlockDriverState *bs)
2401 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2404 ret = ioctl(s->fd, CDROM_DRIVE_STATUS, CDSL_CURRENT);
2405 return ret == CDS_DISC_OK;
2408 static void cdrom_eject(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag)
2410 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2413 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDROMEJECT, NULL) < 0)
2414 perror("CDROMEJECT");
2416 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDROMCLOSETRAY, NULL) < 0)
2417 perror("CDROMEJECT");
2421 static void cdrom_lock_medium(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked)
2423 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2425 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDROM_LOCKDOOR, locked) < 0) {
2427 * Note: an error can happen if the distribution automatically
2430 /* perror("CDROM_LOCKDOOR"); */
2434 static BlockDriver bdrv_host_cdrom = {
2435 .format_name = "host_cdrom",
2436 .protocol_name = "host_cdrom",
2437 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
2438 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
2439 .bdrv_probe_device = cdrom_probe_device,
2440 .bdrv_parse_filename = cdrom_parse_filename,
2441 .bdrv_file_open = cdrom_open,
2442 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
2443 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
2444 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
2445 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
2446 .bdrv_create = hdev_create,
2447 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
2450 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
2451 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
2452 .bdrv_aio_flush = raw_aio_flush,
2453 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
2454 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
2455 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
2457 .bdrv_truncate = raw_truncate,
2458 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
2459 .has_variable_length = true,
2460 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
2461 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
2463 /* removable device support */
2464 .bdrv_is_inserted = cdrom_is_inserted,
2465 .bdrv_eject = cdrom_eject,
2466 .bdrv_lock_medium = cdrom_lock_medium,
2468 /* generic scsi device */
2469 .bdrv_aio_ioctl = hdev_aio_ioctl,
2471 #endif /* __linux__ */
2473 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
2474 static int cdrom_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
2477 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2478 Error *local_err = NULL;
2483 ret = raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, 0, &local_err);
2485 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2489 /* make sure the door isn't locked at this time */
2490 ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCALLOW);
2494 static int cdrom_probe_device(const char *filename)
2496 if (strstart(filename, "/dev/cd", NULL) ||
2497 strstart(filename, "/dev/acd", NULL))
2502 static int cdrom_reopen(BlockDriverState *bs)
2504 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2508 * Force reread of possibly changed/newly loaded disc,
2509 * FreeBSD seems to not notice sometimes...
2513 fd = qemu_open(bs->filename, s->open_flags, 0644);
2520 /* make sure the door isn't locked at this time */
2521 ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCALLOW);
2525 static bool cdrom_is_inserted(BlockDriverState *bs)
2527 return raw_getlength(bs) > 0;
2530 static void cdrom_eject(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag)
2532 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2537 (void) ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCALLOW);
2540 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCEJECT) < 0)
2541 perror("CDIOCEJECT");
2543 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCCLOSE) < 0)
2544 perror("CDIOCCLOSE");
2550 static void cdrom_lock_medium(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked)
2552 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2556 if (ioctl(s->fd, (locked ? CDIOCPREVENT : CDIOCALLOW)) < 0) {
2558 * Note: an error can happen if the distribution automatically
2561 /* perror("CDROM_LOCKDOOR"); */
2565 static BlockDriver bdrv_host_cdrom = {
2566 .format_name = "host_cdrom",
2567 .protocol_name = "host_cdrom",
2568 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
2569 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
2570 .bdrv_probe_device = cdrom_probe_device,
2571 .bdrv_parse_filename = cdrom_parse_filename,
2572 .bdrv_file_open = cdrom_open,
2573 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
2574 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
2575 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
2576 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
2577 .bdrv_create = hdev_create,
2578 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
2580 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
2581 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
2582 .bdrv_aio_flush = raw_aio_flush,
2583 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
2584 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
2585 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
2587 .bdrv_truncate = raw_truncate,
2588 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
2589 .has_variable_length = true,
2590 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
2591 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
2593 /* removable device support */
2594 .bdrv_is_inserted = cdrom_is_inserted,
2595 .bdrv_eject = cdrom_eject,
2596 .bdrv_lock_medium = cdrom_lock_medium,
2598 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
2600 static void bdrv_file_init(void)
2603 * Register all the drivers. Note that order is important, the driver
2604 * registered last will get probed first.
2606 bdrv_register(&bdrv_file);
2607 bdrv_register(&bdrv_host_device);
2609 bdrv_register(&bdrv_host_cdrom);
2611 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
2612 bdrv_register(&bdrv_host_cdrom);
2616 block_init(bdrv_file_init);