2 * QEMU disk image utility
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
25 #include "qemu-version.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qapi-visit.h"
28 #include "qapi/qmp-output-visitor.h"
29 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
30 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
31 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
32 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
33 #include "qemu/option.h"
34 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
35 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
36 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
37 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
38 #include "block/block_int.h"
39 #include "block/blockjob.h"
40 #include "block/qapi.h"
41 #include "crypto/init.h"
44 #define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION QEMU_PKGVERSION \
45 ", Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Fabrice Bellard\n"
47 typedef struct img_cmd_t {
49 int (*handler)(int argc, char **argv);
54 OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN = 257,
56 OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 259,
59 typedef enum OutputFormat {
64 /* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-img */
65 #define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
67 static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
72 static void QEMU_NORETURN GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt, ...)
76 error_printf("qemu-img: ");
79 error_vprintf(fmt, ap);
82 error_printf("\nTry 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
86 /* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
87 static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
89 const char *help_msg =
91 "usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
92 "QEMU disk image utility\n"
95 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
97 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
101 "Command parameters:\n"
102 " 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
103 " 'objectdef' is a QEMU user creatable object definition. See the qemu(1)\n"
104 " manual page for a description of the object properties. The most common\n"
105 " object type is a 'secret', which is used to supply passwords and/or\n"
106 " encryption keys.\n"
107 " 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
108 " 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
109 " options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
110 " 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
111 " 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
112 " options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
113 " 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
114 " 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
115 " 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
116 " supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
117 " 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
118 " 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
119 " 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
120 " name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
122 " 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
123 " is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
125 " 'snapshot_id_or_name' is deprecated, use 'snapshot_param'\n"
127 " '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
128 " '-u' enables unsafe rebasing. It is assumed that old and new backing file\n"
129 " match exactly. The image doesn't need a working backing file before\n"
130 " rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the backing file)\n"
131 " '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
132 " '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
133 " '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
134 " '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
135 " contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
136 " conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
137 " unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
139 " '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
140 " '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
141 " prior to running qemu-img)\n"
143 "Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
144 " '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
145 " '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
146 " kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
147 " hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
149 "Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
150 " 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
151 " '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
152 " '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
153 " '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
154 " '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
156 "Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
157 " '-f' first image format\n"
158 " '-F' second image format\n"
159 " '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n";
161 printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
162 bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
167 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
169 .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
170 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
176 static QemuOptsList qemu_source_opts = {
178 .implied_opt_name = "file",
179 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_source_opts.head),
185 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet, const char *fmt, ...)
191 ret = vprintf(fmt, args);
198 static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
200 BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
201 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
202 Error *local_err = NULL;
204 /* Find driver and parse its options */
205 drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
207 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
211 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
213 proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, &local_err);
215 error_report_err(local_err);
216 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
219 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
222 qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts);
223 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
228 static int img_open_password(BlockBackend *blk, const char *filename,
229 int flags, bool quiet)
231 BlockDriverState *bs;
235 if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs) && bdrv_key_required(bs) &&
236 !(flags & BDRV_O_NO_IO)) {
237 qprintf(quiet, "Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename);
238 if (qemu_read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
239 error_report("No password given");
242 if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
243 error_report("invalid password");
251 static BlockBackend *img_open_opts(const char *optstr,
252 QemuOpts *opts, int flags, bool writethrough,
256 Error *local_err = NULL;
258 options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
259 blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
261 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", optstr);
264 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
266 if (img_open_password(blk, optstr, flags, quiet) < 0) {
273 static BlockBackend *img_open_file(const char *filename,
274 const char *fmt, int flags,
275 bool writethrough, bool quiet)
278 Error *local_err = NULL;
279 QDict *options = NULL;
282 options = qdict_new();
283 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(fmt));
286 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
288 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", filename);
291 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
293 if (img_open_password(blk, filename, flags, quiet) < 0) {
301 static BlockBackend *img_open(bool image_opts,
302 const char *filename,
303 const char *fmt, int flags, bool writethrough,
310 error_report("--image-opts and --format are mutually exclusive");
313 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("source"),
318 blk = img_open_opts(filename, opts, flags, writethrough, quiet);
320 blk = img_open_file(filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet);
326 static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt, QemuOpts *opts,
327 const char *base_filename,
328 const char *base_fmt)
333 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, base_filename, &err);
335 error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
342 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, base_fmt, &err);
344 error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
353 static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
356 uint64_t img_size = -1;
357 const char *fmt = "raw";
358 const char *base_fmt = NULL;
359 const char *filename;
360 const char *base_filename = NULL;
361 char *options = NULL;
362 Error *local_err = NULL;
366 static const struct option long_options[] = {
367 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
368 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
371 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "F:b:f:he6o:q",
385 base_filename = optarg;
391 error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
392 "encryption\' instead!");
395 error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
396 "compat6\' instead!");
399 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
400 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
404 options = g_strdup(optarg);
406 char *old_options = options;
407 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
414 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
416 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
425 /* Get the filename */
426 filename = (optind < argc) ? argv[optind] : NULL;
427 if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
429 return print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
432 if (optind >= argc) {
433 error_exit("Expecting image file name");
437 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
438 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
443 /* Get image size, if specified */
447 sval = qemu_strtosz_suffix(argv[optind++], &end,
448 QEMU_STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
449 if (sval < 0 || *end) {
450 if (sval == -ERANGE) {
451 error_report("Image size must be less than 8 EiB!");
453 error_report("Invalid image size specified! You may use k, M, "
454 "G, T, P or E suffixes for ");
455 error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
456 "petabytes and exabytes.");
460 img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
462 if (optind != argc) {
463 error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv[optind]);
466 bdrv_img_create(filename, fmt, base_filename, base_fmt,
467 options, img_size, 0, &local_err, quiet);
469 error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: ", filename);
481 static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
483 Error *local_err = NULL;
485 QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
487 visit_type_ImageCheck(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov), NULL, &check,
489 obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
490 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
492 qprintf(quiet, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
494 qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
498 static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
500 if (!(check->corruptions || check->leaks || check->check_errors)) {
501 qprintf(quiet, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
503 if (check->corruptions) {
504 qprintf(quiet, "\n%" PRId64 " errors were found on the image.\n"
505 "Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
512 "\n%" PRId64 " leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
513 "This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
517 if (check->check_errors) {
520 " internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
521 check->check_errors);
525 if (check->total_clusters != 0 && check->allocated_clusters != 0) {
526 qprintf(quiet, "%" PRId64 "/%" PRId64 " = %0.2f%% allocated, "
527 "%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
528 check->allocated_clusters, check->total_clusters,
529 check->allocated_clusters * 100.0 / check->total_clusters,
530 check->fragmented_clusters * 100.0 / check->allocated_clusters,
531 check->compressed_clusters * 100.0 /
532 check->allocated_clusters);
535 if (check->image_end_offset) {
537 "Image end offset: %" PRId64 "\n", check->image_end_offset);
541 static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState *bs,
543 const char *filename,
548 BdrvCheckResult result;
550 ret = bdrv_check(bs, &result, fix);
555 check->filename = g_strdup(filename);
556 check->format = g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs));
557 check->check_errors = result.check_errors;
558 check->corruptions = result.corruptions;
559 check->has_corruptions = result.corruptions != 0;
560 check->leaks = result.leaks;
561 check->has_leaks = result.leaks != 0;
562 check->corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions_fixed;
563 check->has_corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions != 0;
564 check->leaks_fixed = result.leaks_fixed;
565 check->has_leaks_fixed = result.leaks != 0;
566 check->image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset;
567 check->has_image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset != 0;
568 check->total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters;
569 check->has_total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters != 0;
570 check->allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters;
571 check->has_allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters != 0;
572 check->fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters;
573 check->has_fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters != 0;
574 check->compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters;
575 check->has_compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters != 0;
581 * Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
583 * 0 - Check completed, image is good
584 * 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
585 * 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
586 * 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
587 * 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
589 static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
592 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
593 const char *filename, *fmt, *output, *cache;
595 BlockDriverState *bs;
597 int flags = BDRV_O_CHECK;
601 bool image_opts = false;
605 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
608 int option_index = 0;
609 static const struct option long_options[] = {
610 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
611 {"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
612 {"repair", required_argument, 0, 'r'},
613 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
614 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
615 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
618 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:r:T:q",
619 long_options, &option_index);
632 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
634 if (!strcmp(optarg, "leaks")) {
635 fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS;
636 } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "all")) {
637 fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS | BDRV_FIX_ERRORS;
639 error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
640 "(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg);
652 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
654 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
660 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
665 if (optind != argc - 1) {
666 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
668 filename = argv[optind++];
670 if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
671 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
672 } else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
673 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
675 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
679 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
680 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
685 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
687 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
691 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet);
697 check = g_new0(ImageCheck, 1);
698 ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, fix);
700 if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
701 error_report("This image format does not support checks");
706 if (check->corruptions_fixed || check->leaks_fixed) {
707 int corruptions_fixed, leaks_fixed;
709 leaks_fixed = check->leaks_fixed;
710 corruptions_fixed = check->corruptions_fixed;
712 if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
714 "The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
715 " %" PRId64 " leaked clusters\n"
716 " %" PRId64 " corruptions\n\n"
717 "Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
719 check->corruptions_fixed);
722 ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, 0);
724 check->leaks_fixed = leaks_fixed;
725 check->corruptions_fixed = corruptions_fixed;
729 switch (output_format) {
731 dump_human_image_check(check, quiet);
734 dump_json_image_check(check, quiet);
739 if (ret || check->check_errors) {
741 error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
743 error_report("Check failed");
749 if (check->corruptions) {
751 } else if (check->leaks) {
758 qapi_free_ImageCheck(check);
763 typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo {
764 BlockDriverState *bs;
766 } CommonBlockJobCBInfo;
768 static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
770 CommonBlockJobCBInfo *cbi = opaque;
773 error_setg_errno(cbi->errp, -ret, "Block job failed");
777 static void run_block_job(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
779 AioContext *aio_context = blk_get_aio_context(job->blk);
782 aio_poll(aio_context, true);
783 qemu_progress_print(job->len ?
784 ((float)job->offset / job->len * 100.f) : 0.0f, 0);
785 } while (!job->ready);
787 block_job_complete_sync(job, errp);
789 /* A block job may finish instantaneously without publishing any progress,
790 * so just signal completion here */
791 qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
794 static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
797 const char *filename, *fmt, *cache, *base;
799 BlockDriverState *bs, *base_bs;
800 bool progress = false, quiet = false, drop = false;
802 Error *local_err = NULL;
803 CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi;
804 bool image_opts = false;
807 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
810 static const struct option long_options[] = {
811 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
812 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
813 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
816 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:ht:b:dpq",
846 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
848 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
854 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
860 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
865 if (optind != argc - 1) {
866 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
868 filename = argv[optind++];
870 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
871 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
876 flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP;
877 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
879 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
883 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet);
889 qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.f);
890 qemu_progress_print(0.f, 100);
893 base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
895 error_setg(&local_err, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base);
899 /* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
900 * the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
901 * behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
902 base_bs = backing_bs(bs);
904 error_setg(&local_err, "Image does not have a backing file");
909 cbi = (CommonBlockJobCBInfo){
914 commit_active_start(bs, base_bs, 0, BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT,
915 common_block_job_cb, &cbi, &local_err);
920 /* When the block job completes, the BlockBackend reference will point to
921 * the old backing file. In order to avoid that the top image is already
922 * deleted, so we can still empty it afterwards, increment the reference
923 * counter here preemptively. */
928 run_block_job(bs->job, &local_err);
933 if (!drop && bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty) {
934 ret = bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty(bs);
936 error_setg_errno(&local_err, -ret, "Could not empty %s",
953 error_report_err(local_err);
957 qprintf(quiet, "Image committed.\n");
962 * Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
965 * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
966 * the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
968 static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
977 is_zero = buffer_is_zero(buf, 512);
978 for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
980 if (is_zero != buffer_is_zero(buf, 512)) {
989 * Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
990 * up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
991 * breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
993 static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
997 int num_checked, num_used;
1003 ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
1009 buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
1011 num_checked = num_used;
1014 ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
1016 buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
1018 num_checked += *pnum;
1020 num_used = num_checked;
1021 } else if (*pnum >= min) {
1031 * Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first sector of both
1032 * buffers matches, non-zero otherwise.
1034 * pnum is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
1035 * the first one) that are known to have the same comparison result
1037 static int compare_sectors(const uint8_t *buf1, const uint8_t *buf2, int n,
1048 res = !!memcmp(buf1, buf2, 512);
1049 for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1053 if (!!memcmp(buf1, buf2, 512) != res) {
1062 #define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * 1024 * 1024)
1064 static int64_t sectors_to_bytes(int64_t sectors)
1066 return sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1069 static int64_t sectors_to_process(int64_t total, int64_t from)
1071 return MIN(total - from, IO_BUF_SIZE >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1075 * Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
1077 * Returns 0 in case sectors are filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero
1078 * data and negative value on error.
1080 * @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
1081 * @param sect_num: Number of first sector to check
1082 * @param sect_count: Number of sectors to check
1083 * @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
1084 * @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
1085 * @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
1087 static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t sect_num,
1088 int sect_count, const char *filename,
1089 uint8_t *buffer, bool quiet)
1092 ret = blk_pread(blk, sect_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buffer,
1093 sect_count << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1095 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s: %s",
1096 sectors_to_bytes(sect_num), filename, strerror(-ret));
1099 ret = is_allocated_sectors(buffer, sect_count, &pnum);
1100 if (ret || pnum != sect_count) {
1101 qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
1102 sectors_to_bytes(ret ? sect_num : sect_num + pnum));
1110 * Compares two images. Exit codes:
1112 * 0 - Images are identical
1114 * >1 - Error occurred
1116 static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
1118 const char *fmt1 = NULL, *fmt2 = NULL, *cache, *filename1, *filename2;
1119 BlockBackend *blk1, *blk2;
1120 BlockDriverState *bs1, *bs2;
1121 int64_t total_sectors1, total_sectors2;
1122 uint8_t *buf1 = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
1124 int allocated1, allocated2;
1125 int ret = 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
1126 bool progress = false, quiet = false, strict = false;
1129 int64_t total_sectors;
1130 int64_t sector_num = 0;
1133 uint64_t progress_base;
1134 bool image_opts = false;
1136 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
1138 static const struct option long_options[] = {
1139 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
1140 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
1141 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
1144 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:F:T:pqs",
1145 long_options, NULL);
1172 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
1174 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
1181 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
1187 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
1193 if (optind != argc - 2) {
1194 error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
1196 filename1 = argv[optind++];
1197 filename2 = argv[optind++];
1199 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
1200 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
1206 /* Initialize before goto out */
1207 qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
1210 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
1212 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
1217 blk1 = img_open(image_opts, filename1, fmt1, flags, writethrough, quiet);
1223 blk2 = img_open(image_opts, filename2, fmt2, flags, writethrough, quiet);
1231 buf1 = blk_blockalign(blk1, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1232 buf2 = blk_blockalign(blk2, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1233 total_sectors1 = blk_nb_sectors(blk1);
1234 if (total_sectors1 < 0) {
1235 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1236 filename1, strerror(-total_sectors1));
1240 total_sectors2 = blk_nb_sectors(blk2);
1241 if (total_sectors2 < 0) {
1242 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1243 filename2, strerror(-total_sectors2));
1247 total_sectors = MIN(total_sectors1, total_sectors2);
1248 progress_base = MAX(total_sectors1, total_sectors2);
1250 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
1252 if (strict && total_sectors1 != total_sectors2) {
1254 qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
1259 int64_t status1, status2;
1260 BlockDriverState *file;
1262 nb_sectors = sectors_to_process(total_sectors, sector_num);
1263 if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
1266 status1 = bdrv_get_block_status_above(bs1, NULL, sector_num,
1267 total_sectors1 - sector_num,
1271 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1);
1274 allocated1 = status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
1276 status2 = bdrv_get_block_status_above(bs2, NULL, sector_num,
1277 total_sectors2 - sector_num,
1281 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2);
1284 allocated2 = status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
1286 nb_sectors = MIN(nb_sectors, pnum1);
1289 nb_sectors = MIN(nb_sectors, pnum2);
1293 if ((status1 & ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK) !=
1294 (status2 & ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK)) {
1296 qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
1297 " block status mismatch!\n",
1298 sectors_to_bytes(sector_num));
1302 if ((status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) && (status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) {
1303 nb_sectors = MIN(pnum1, pnum2);
1304 } else if (allocated1 == allocated2) {
1306 ret = blk_pread(blk1, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buf1,
1307 nb_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1309 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s:"
1310 " %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num), filename1,
1315 ret = blk_pread(blk2, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buf2,
1316 nb_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1318 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1319 " of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num),
1320 filename2, strerror(-ret));
1324 ret = compare_sectors(buf1, buf2, nb_sectors, &pnum);
1325 if (ret || pnum != nb_sectors) {
1326 qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
1328 ret ? sector_num : sector_num + pnum));
1336 ret = check_empty_sectors(blk1, sector_num, nb_sectors,
1337 filename1, buf1, quiet);
1339 ret = check_empty_sectors(blk2, sector_num, nb_sectors,
1340 filename2, buf1, quiet);
1344 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 ": %s",
1345 sectors_to_bytes(sector_num), strerror(-ret));
1351 sector_num += nb_sectors;
1352 qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors / progress_base)*100, 100);
1355 if (total_sectors1 != total_sectors2) {
1356 BlockBackend *blk_over;
1357 int64_t total_sectors_over;
1358 const char *filename_over;
1360 qprintf(quiet, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
1361 if (total_sectors1 > total_sectors2) {
1362 total_sectors_over = total_sectors1;
1364 filename_over = filename1;
1366 total_sectors_over = total_sectors2;
1368 filename_over = filename2;
1372 nb_sectors = sectors_to_process(total_sectors_over, sector_num);
1373 if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
1376 ret = bdrv_is_allocated_above(blk_bs(blk_over), NULL, sector_num,
1380 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
1387 ret = check_empty_sectors(blk_over, sector_num, nb_sectors,
1388 filename_over, buf1, quiet);
1391 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1392 " of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num),
1393 filename_over, strerror(-ret));
1399 sector_num += nb_sectors;
1400 qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors / progress_base)*100, 100);
1404 qprintf(quiet, "Images are identical.\n");
1414 qemu_progress_end();
1419 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus {
1425 typedef struct ImgConvertState {
1427 int64_t *src_sectors;
1428 int src_cur, src_num;
1429 int64_t src_cur_offset;
1430 int64_t total_sectors;
1431 int64_t allocated_sectors;
1432 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
1433 int64_t sector_next_status;
1434 BlockBackend *target;
1437 bool target_has_backing;
1439 size_t cluster_sectors;
1443 static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
1445 assert(sector_num >= s->src_cur_offset);
1446 while (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset >= s->src_sectors[s->src_cur]) {
1447 s->src_cur_offset += s->src_sectors[s->src_cur];
1449 assert(s->src_cur < s->src_num);
1453 static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
1458 convert_select_part(s, sector_num);
1460 assert(s->total_sectors > sector_num);
1461 n = MIN(s->total_sectors - sector_num, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
1463 if (s->sector_next_status <= sector_num) {
1464 BlockDriverState *file;
1465 ret = bdrv_get_block_status(blk_bs(s->src[s->src_cur]),
1466 sector_num - s->src_cur_offset,
1472 if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
1473 s->status = BLK_ZERO;
1474 } else if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
1475 s->status = BLK_DATA;
1476 } else if (!s->target_has_backing) {
1477 /* Without a target backing file we must copy over the contents of
1478 * the backing file as well. */
1479 /* Check block status of the backing file chain to avoid
1480 * needlessly reading zeroes and limiting the iteration to the
1482 ret = bdrv_get_block_status_above(blk_bs(s->src[s->src_cur]), NULL,
1483 sector_num - s->src_cur_offset,
1489 if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
1490 s->status = BLK_ZERO;
1492 s->status = BLK_DATA;
1495 s->status = BLK_BACKING_FILE;
1498 s->sector_next_status = sector_num + n;
1501 n = MIN(n, s->sector_next_status - sector_num);
1502 if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
1503 n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
1506 /* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
1507 * unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
1508 * cluster allocated. */
1509 if (s->compressed) {
1510 if (n < s->cluster_sectors) {
1511 n = MIN(s->cluster_sectors, s->total_sectors - sector_num);
1512 s->status = BLK_DATA;
1514 n = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, s->cluster_sectors);
1521 static int convert_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
1527 assert(nb_sectors <= s->buf_sectors);
1528 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1532 /* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
1533 * nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
1534 * read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
1535 convert_select_part(s, sector_num);
1536 blk = s->src[s->src_cur];
1537 bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[s->src_cur];
1539 n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset));
1540 ret = blk_pread(blk,
1541 (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1542 buf, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1549 buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1555 static int convert_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
1560 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1563 switch (s->status) {
1564 case BLK_BACKING_FILE:
1565 /* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
1566 * unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
1567 * visible at the respective offset. */
1568 assert(s->target_has_backing);
1572 /* We must always write compressed clusters as a whole, so don't
1573 * try to find zeroed parts in the buffer. We can only save the
1574 * write if the buffer is completely zeroed and we're allowed to
1575 * keep the target sparse. */
1576 if (s->compressed) {
1577 if (s->has_zero_init && s->min_sparse &&
1578 buffer_is_zero(buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE))
1580 assert(!s->target_has_backing);
1584 ret = blk_write_compressed(s->target, sector_num, buf, n);
1591 /* If there is real non-zero data or we're told to keep the target
1592 * fully allocated (-S 0), we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
1593 * it as zero sectors. */
1594 if (!s->min_sparse ||
1595 is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse))
1597 ret = blk_pwrite(s->target, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1598 buf, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0);
1607 if (s->has_zero_init) {
1610 ret = blk_pwrite_zeroes(s->target, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1611 n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0);
1620 buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1626 static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
1628 uint8_t *buf = NULL;
1629 int64_t sector_num, allocated_done;
1633 /* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
1634 s->has_zero_init = s->min_sparse && !s->target_has_backing
1635 ? bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s->target))
1638 if (!s->has_zero_init && !s->target_has_backing &&
1639 bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(blk_bs(s->target)))
1641 ret = bdrv_make_zero(blk_bs(s->target), BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
1643 s->has_zero_init = true;
1647 /* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
1648 * can be copied at a time. */
1649 if (s->compressed) {
1650 if (s->cluster_sectors <= 0 || s->cluster_sectors > s->buf_sectors) {
1651 error_report("invalid cluster size");
1655 s->buf_sectors = s->cluster_sectors;
1657 buf = blk_blockalign(s->target, s->buf_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1659 /* Calculate allocated sectors for progress */
1660 s->allocated_sectors = 0;
1662 while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
1663 n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
1668 if (s->status == BLK_DATA || (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO))
1670 s->allocated_sectors += n;
1677 s->src_cur_offset = 0;
1678 s->sector_next_status = 0;
1683 while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
1684 n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
1689 if (s->status == BLK_DATA || (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO))
1691 allocated_done += n;
1692 qemu_progress_print(100.0 * allocated_done / s->allocated_sectors,
1696 if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
1697 ret = convert_read(s, sector_num, n, buf);
1699 error_report("error while reading sector %" PRId64
1700 ": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
1703 } else if (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO) {
1704 n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
1705 memset(buf, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1706 s->status = BLK_DATA;
1709 ret = convert_write(s, sector_num, n, buf);
1711 error_report("error while writing sector %" PRId64
1712 ": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
1719 if (s->compressed) {
1720 /* signal EOF to align */
1721 ret = blk_write_compressed(s->target, 0, NULL, 0);
1733 static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
1735 int c, bs_n, bs_i, compress, cluster_sectors, skip_create;
1737 int progress = 0, flags, src_flags;
1738 bool writethrough, src_writethrough;
1739 const char *fmt, *out_fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_baseimg, *out_filename;
1740 BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
1741 BlockBackend **blk = NULL, *out_blk = NULL;
1742 BlockDriverState **bs = NULL, *out_bs = NULL;
1743 int64_t total_sectors;
1744 int64_t *bs_sectors = NULL;
1745 size_t bufsectors = IO_BUF_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1746 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1747 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
1748 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
1749 const char *out_baseimg_param;
1750 char *options = NULL;
1751 const char *snapshot_name = NULL;
1752 int min_sparse = 8; /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
1754 Error *local_err = NULL;
1755 QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
1756 ImgConvertState state;
1757 bool image_opts = false;
1762 src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
1767 static const struct option long_options[] = {
1768 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
1769 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
1770 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
1773 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:O:B:ce6o:s:l:S:pt:T:qn",
1774 long_options, NULL);
1790 out_baseimg = optarg;
1796 error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
1797 "encryption\' instead!");
1801 error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
1802 "compat6\' instead!");
1806 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
1807 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
1812 options = g_strdup(optarg);
1814 char *old_options = options;
1815 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
1816 g_free(old_options);
1820 snapshot_name = optarg;
1823 if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
1824 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
1827 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
1833 snapshot_name = optarg;
1840 sval = qemu_strtosz_suffix(optarg, &end, QEMU_STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
1841 if (sval < 0 || *end) {
1842 error_report("Invalid minimum zero buffer size for sparse output specified");
1847 min_sparse = sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1866 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
1872 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
1878 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
1879 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
1884 /* Initialize before goto out */
1888 qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
1890 bs_n = argc - optind - 1;
1891 out_filename = bs_n >= 1 ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
1893 if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
1894 ret = print_block_option_help(out_filename, out_fmt);
1899 error_exit("Must specify image file name");
1903 if (bs_n > 1 && out_baseimg) {
1904 error_report("-B makes no sense when concatenating multiple input "
1911 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache, &src_flags, &src_writethrough);
1913 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
1917 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
1919 blk = g_new0(BlockBackend *, bs_n);
1920 bs = g_new0(BlockDriverState *, bs_n);
1921 bs_sectors = g_new(int64_t, bs_n);
1924 for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
1925 blk[bs_i] = img_open(image_opts, argv[optind + bs_i],
1926 fmt, src_flags, src_writethrough, quiet);
1931 bs[bs_i] = blk_bs(blk[bs_i]);
1932 bs_sectors[bs_i] = blk_nb_sectors(blk[bs_i]);
1933 if (bs_sectors[bs_i] < 0) {
1934 error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
1935 argv[optind + bs_i], strerror(-bs_sectors[bs_i]));
1939 total_sectors += bs_sectors[bs_i];
1943 ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs[0],
1944 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
1945 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
1947 } else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
1949 error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
1954 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs[0], snapshot_name, &local_err);
1957 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
1962 /* Find driver and parse its options */
1963 drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
1965 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
1970 proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename, true, &local_err);
1972 error_report_err(local_err);
1978 if (!drv->create_opts) {
1979 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
1985 if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
1986 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
1987 proto_drv->format_name);
1992 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
1993 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
1995 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
1997 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err);
1999 error_report_err(local_err);
2005 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, total_sectors * 512,
2007 ret = add_old_style_options(out_fmt, opts, out_baseimg, NULL);
2013 /* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
2014 out_baseimg_param = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
2015 if (out_baseimg_param) {
2016 out_baseimg = out_baseimg_param;
2019 /* Check if compression is supported */
2022 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false);
2023 const char *preallocation =
2024 qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
2026 if (!drv->bdrv_write_compressed) {
2027 error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
2033 error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
2040 && strcmp(preallocation, "off"))
2042 error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
2050 /* Create the new image */
2051 ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, opts, &local_err);
2053 error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: error while converting %s: ",
2054 out_filename, out_fmt);
2059 flags = min_sparse ? (BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP) : BDRV_O_RDWR;
2060 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
2062 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
2066 /* XXX we should allow --image-opts to trigger use of
2067 * img_open() here, but then we have trouble with
2068 * the bdrv_create() call which takes different params.
2069 * Not critical right now, so fix can wait...
2071 out_blk = img_open_file(out_filename, out_fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet);
2076 out_bs = blk_bs(out_blk);
2078 /* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer_length
2079 * or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to 32768 (16MB)
2081 bufsectors = MIN(32768,
2082 MAX(bufsectors, MAX(out_bs->bl.opt_transfer_length,
2083 out_bs->bl.discard_alignment))
2087 int64_t output_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(out_blk);
2088 if (output_sectors < 0) {
2089 error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
2090 strerror(-output_sectors));
2093 } else if (output_sectors < total_sectors) {
2094 error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
2100 cluster_sectors = 0;
2101 ret = bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi);
2104 error_report("could not get block driver info");
2108 compress = compress || bdi.needs_compressed_writes;
2109 cluster_sectors = bdi.cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2112 state = (ImgConvertState) {
2114 .src_sectors = bs_sectors,
2116 .total_sectors = total_sectors,
2118 .compressed = compress,
2119 .target_has_backing = (bool) out_baseimg,
2120 .min_sparse = min_sparse,
2121 .cluster_sectors = cluster_sectors,
2122 .buf_sectors = bufsectors,
2124 ret = convert_do_copy(&state);
2128 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
2130 qemu_progress_end();
2131 qemu_opts_del(opts);
2132 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
2133 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
2137 for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
2138 blk_unref(blk[bs_i]);
2153 static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
2155 QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
2158 nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
2161 printf("Snapshot list:\n");
2162 bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf, stdout, NULL);
2164 for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
2166 bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf, stdout, sn);
2172 static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
2174 Error *local_err = NULL;
2176 QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
2178 visit_type_ImageInfoList(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov), NULL, &list,
2180 obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
2181 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
2182 assert(str != NULL);
2183 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
2184 qobject_decref(obj);
2185 qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
2189 static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo *info)
2191 Error *local_err = NULL;
2193 QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
2195 visit_type_ImageInfo(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov), NULL, &info, &local_err);
2196 obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
2197 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
2198 assert(str != NULL);
2199 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
2200 qobject_decref(obj);
2201 qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
2205 static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
2207 ImageInfoList *elem;
2210 for (elem = list; elem; elem = elem->next) {
2216 bdrv_image_info_dump(fprintf, stdout, elem->value);
2220 static gboolean str_equal_func(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
2222 return strcmp(a, b) == 0;
2226 * Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
2228 * @filename: topmost image filename
2229 * @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
2230 * @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
2231 * false - only topmost image file
2233 * Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
2234 * image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
2237 static ImageInfoList *collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts,
2238 const char *filename,
2242 ImageInfoList *head = NULL;
2243 ImageInfoList **last = &head;
2244 GHashTable *filenames;
2247 filenames = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, str_equal_func, NULL, NULL);
2251 BlockDriverState *bs;
2253 ImageInfoList *elem;
2255 if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames, filename, NULL, NULL)) {
2256 error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
2260 g_hash_table_insert(filenames, (gpointer)filename, NULL);
2262 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt,
2263 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_NO_IO, false, false);
2269 bdrv_query_image_info(bs, &info, &err);
2271 error_report_err(err);
2276 elem = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
2283 filename = fmt = NULL;
2285 if (info->has_full_backing_filename) {
2286 filename = info->full_backing_filename;
2287 } else if (info->has_backing_filename) {
2288 error_report("Could not determine absolute backing filename,"
2289 " but backing filename '%s' present",
2290 info->backing_filename);
2293 if (info->has_backing_filename_format) {
2294 fmt = info->backing_filename_format;
2298 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
2302 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head);
2303 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
2307 static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
2310 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2312 const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
2313 ImageInfoList *list;
2314 bool image_opts = false;
2319 int option_index = 0;
2320 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2321 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2322 {"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
2323 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
2324 {"backing-chain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN},
2325 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2326 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2329 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:h",
2330 long_options, &option_index);
2345 case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN:
2348 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2350 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2356 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2361 if (optind != argc - 1) {
2362 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2364 filename = argv[optind++];
2366 if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
2367 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
2368 } else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
2369 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2370 } else if (output) {
2371 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
2375 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
2376 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
2381 list = collect_image_info_list(image_opts, filename, fmt, chain);
2386 switch (output_format) {
2388 dump_human_image_info_list(list);
2392 dump_json_image_info_list(list);
2394 dump_json_image_info(list->value);
2399 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list);
2403 static void dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
2406 switch (output_format) {
2408 if (e->data && !e->has_offset) {
2409 error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
2412 if (e->data && !e->zero) {
2413 printf("%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%s\n",
2414 e->start, e->length,
2415 e->has_offset ? e->offset : 0,
2416 e->has_filename ? e->filename : "");
2418 /* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
2419 * Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
2421 if (next && (!next->data || next->zero)) {
2427 printf("%s{ \"start\": %"PRId64", \"length\": %"PRId64","
2428 " \"depth\": %"PRId64", \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
2429 (e->start == 0 ? "[" : ",\n"),
2430 e->start, e->length, e->depth,
2431 e->zero ? "true" : "false",
2432 e->data ? "true" : "false");
2433 if (e->has_offset) {
2434 printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64"", e->offset);
2445 static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
2446 int nb_sectors, MapEntry *e)
2450 BlockDriverState *file;
2453 /* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
2454 * clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
2460 ret = bdrv_get_block_status(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &nb_sectors,
2466 if (ret & (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA)) {
2469 bs = backing_bs(bs);
2478 has_offset = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID);
2481 .start = sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2482 .length = nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2483 .data = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA),
2484 .zero = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO),
2485 .offset = ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK,
2486 .has_offset = has_offset,
2488 .has_filename = file && has_offset,
2489 .filename = file && has_offset ? file->filename : NULL,
2495 static inline bool entry_mergeable(const MapEntry *curr, const MapEntry *next)
2497 if (curr->length == 0) {
2500 if (curr->zero != next->zero ||
2501 curr->data != next->data ||
2502 curr->depth != next->depth ||
2503 curr->has_filename != next->has_filename ||
2504 curr->has_offset != next->has_offset) {
2507 if (curr->has_filename && strcmp(curr->filename, next->filename)) {
2510 if (curr->has_offset && curr->offset + curr->length != next->offset) {
2516 static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
2519 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2521 BlockDriverState *bs;
2522 const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
2524 MapEntry curr = { .length = 0 }, next;
2526 bool image_opts = false;
2531 int option_index = 0;
2532 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2533 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2534 {"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
2535 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
2536 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2537 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2540 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:h",
2541 long_options, &option_index);
2556 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2558 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2564 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2569 if (optind != argc - 1) {
2570 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2572 filename = argv[optind];
2574 if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
2575 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
2576 } else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
2577 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2578 } else if (output) {
2579 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
2583 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
2584 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
2589 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, 0, false, false);
2595 if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
2596 printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
2599 length = blk_getlength(blk);
2600 while (curr.start + curr.length < length) {
2601 int64_t nsectors_left;
2605 sector_num = (curr.start + curr.length) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
2607 /* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time. */
2608 nsectors_left = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) - sector_num;
2609 n = MIN(1 << (30 - BDRV_SECTOR_BITS), nsectors_left);
2610 ret = get_block_status(bs, sector_num, n, &next);
2613 error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret));
2617 if (entry_mergeable(&curr, &next)) {
2618 curr.length += next.length;
2622 if (curr.length > 0) {
2623 dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
2628 dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
2635 #define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
2636 #define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
2637 #define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
2638 #define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
2640 static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
2643 BlockDriverState *bs;
2644 QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
2645 char *filename, *snapshot_name = NULL;
2646 int c, ret = 0, bdrv_oflags;
2651 bool image_opts = false;
2653 bdrv_oflags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
2654 /* Parse commandline parameters */
2656 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2657 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2658 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2659 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2662 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "la:c:d:hq",
2663 long_options, NULL);
2674 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2677 action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
2678 bdrv_oflags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR; /* no need for RW */
2682 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2685 action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
2686 snapshot_name = optarg;
2690 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2693 action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
2694 snapshot_name = optarg;
2698 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2701 action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
2702 snapshot_name = optarg;
2707 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2709 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2715 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2721 if (optind != argc - 1) {
2722 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2724 filename = argv[optind++];
2726 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
2727 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
2732 /* Open the image */
2733 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, false, quiet);
2739 /* Perform the requested action */
2745 case SNAPSHOT_CREATE:
2746 memset(&sn, 0, sizeof(sn));
2747 pstrcpy(sn.name, sizeof(sn.name), snapshot_name);
2749 qemu_gettimeofday(&tv);
2750 sn.date_sec = tv.tv_sec;
2751 sn.date_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
2753 ret = bdrv_snapshot_create(bs, &sn);
2755 error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
2756 snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
2760 case SNAPSHOT_APPLY:
2761 ret = bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs, snapshot_name);
2763 error_report("Could not apply snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
2764 snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
2768 case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
2769 bdrv_snapshot_delete_by_id_or_name(bs, snapshot_name, &err);
2771 error_reportf_err(err, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
2786 static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
2788 BlockBackend *blk = NULL, *blk_old_backing = NULL, *blk_new_backing = NULL;
2789 uint8_t *buf_old = NULL;
2790 uint8_t *buf_new = NULL;
2791 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
2793 const char *fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_basefmt, *out_baseimg;
2794 int c, flags, src_flags, ret;
2795 bool writethrough, src_writethrough;
2799 Error *local_err = NULL;
2800 bool image_opts = false;
2802 /* Parse commandline parameters */
2804 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
2805 src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
2809 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2810 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2811 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2812 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2815 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:F:b:upt:T:q",
2816 long_options, NULL);
2829 out_basefmt = optarg;
2832 out_baseimg = optarg;
2849 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2851 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2857 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2867 if (optind != argc - 1) {
2868 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2870 if (!unsafe && !out_baseimg) {
2871 error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
2873 filename = argv[optind++];
2875 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
2876 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
2881 qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
2882 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
2884 flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | (unsafe ? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING : 0);
2885 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
2887 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
2892 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache, &src_flags, &src_writethrough);
2894 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
2898 /* The source files are opened read-only, don't care about WCE */
2899 assert((src_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) == 0);
2900 (void) src_writethrough;
2905 * Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
2906 * the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
2908 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet);
2915 if (out_basefmt != NULL) {
2916 if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt) == NULL) {
2917 error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt);
2923 /* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
2925 char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
2926 QDict *options = NULL;
2928 if (bs->backing_format[0] != '\0') {
2929 options = qdict_new();
2930 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(bs->backing_format));
2933 bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
2934 blk_old_backing = blk_new_open(backing_name, NULL,
2935 options, src_flags, &local_err);
2936 if (!blk_old_backing) {
2937 error_reportf_err(local_err,
2938 "Could not open old backing file '%s': ",
2943 if (out_baseimg[0]) {
2945 options = qdict_new();
2946 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(out_basefmt));
2951 blk_new_backing = blk_new_open(out_baseimg, NULL,
2952 options, src_flags, &local_err);
2953 if (!blk_new_backing) {
2954 error_reportf_err(local_err,
2955 "Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
2963 * Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
2964 * accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
2965 * in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
2966 * from the old backing file into the COW file.
2968 * If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
2969 * the image is the same as the original one at any time.
2972 int64_t num_sectors;
2973 int64_t old_backing_num_sectors;
2974 int64_t new_backing_num_sectors = 0;
2977 float local_progress = 0;
2979 buf_old = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
2980 buf_new = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
2982 num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk);
2983 if (num_sectors < 0) {
2984 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
2985 filename, strerror(-num_sectors));
2989 old_backing_num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk_old_backing);
2990 if (old_backing_num_sectors < 0) {
2991 char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
2993 bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
2994 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
2995 backing_name, strerror(-old_backing_num_sectors));
2999 if (blk_new_backing) {
3000 new_backing_num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk_new_backing);
3001 if (new_backing_num_sectors < 0) {
3002 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3003 out_baseimg, strerror(-new_backing_num_sectors));
3009 if (num_sectors != 0) {
3010 local_progress = (float)100 /
3011 (num_sectors / MIN(num_sectors, IO_BUF_SIZE / 512));
3014 for (sector = 0; sector < num_sectors; sector += n) {
3016 /* How many sectors can we handle with the next read? */
3017 if (sector + (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512) <= num_sectors) {
3018 n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
3020 n = num_sectors - sector;
3023 /* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
3024 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector, n, &n);
3026 error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
3035 * Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
3036 * backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
3038 if (sector >= old_backing_num_sectors) {
3039 memset(buf_old, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
3041 if (sector + n > old_backing_num_sectors) {
3042 n = old_backing_num_sectors - sector;
3045 ret = blk_pread(blk_old_backing, sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
3046 buf_old, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
3048 error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
3053 if (sector >= new_backing_num_sectors || !blk_new_backing) {
3054 memset(buf_new, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
3056 if (sector + n > new_backing_num_sectors) {
3057 n = new_backing_num_sectors - sector;
3060 ret = blk_pread(blk_new_backing, sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
3061 buf_new, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
3063 error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
3068 /* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
3069 uint64_t written = 0;
3071 while (written < n) {
3074 if (compare_sectors(buf_old + written * 512,
3075 buf_new + written * 512, n - written, &pnum))
3077 ret = blk_pwrite(blk,
3078 (sector + written) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
3079 buf_old + written * 512,
3080 pnum << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0);
3082 error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
3090 qemu_progress_print(local_progress, 100);
3095 * Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
3096 * backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
3097 * doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
3099 if (out_baseimg && *out_baseimg) {
3100 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, out_baseimg, out_basefmt);
3102 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, NULL, NULL);
3105 if (ret == -ENOSPC) {
3106 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
3107 "space left in the file header", out_baseimg);
3108 } else if (ret < 0) {
3109 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
3110 out_baseimg, strerror(-ret));
3113 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
3115 * TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
3116 * allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
3117 * could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
3118 * backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
3121 qemu_progress_end();
3124 blk_unref(blk_old_backing);
3125 blk_unref(blk_new_backing);
3127 qemu_vfree(buf_old);
3128 qemu_vfree(buf_new);
3137 static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
3140 int c, ret, relative;
3141 const char *filename, *fmt, *size;
3142 int64_t n, total_size;
3144 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
3147 static QemuOptsList resize_options = {
3148 .name = "resize_options",
3149 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options.head),
3152 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
3153 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
3154 .help = "Virtual disk size"
3160 bool image_opts = false;
3162 /* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
3163 * as options by getopt. */
3165 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
3169 size = argv[--argc];
3171 /* Parse getopt arguments */
3174 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3175 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3176 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
3177 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
3180 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:hq",
3181 long_options, NULL);
3196 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
3198 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
3204 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
3209 if (optind != argc - 1) {
3210 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3212 filename = argv[optind++];
3214 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3215 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3220 /* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
3236 param = qemu_opts_create(&resize_options, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
3237 qemu_opt_set(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, size, &err);
3239 error_report_err(err);
3241 qemu_opts_del(param);
3244 n = qemu_opt_get_size(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
3245 qemu_opts_del(param);
3247 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt,
3248 BDRV_O_RDWR, false, quiet);
3255 total_size = blk_getlength(blk) + n * relative;
3259 if (total_size <= 0) {
3260 error_report("New image size must be positive");
3265 ret = blk_truncate(blk, total_size);
3268 qprintf(quiet, "Image resized.\n");
3271 error_report("This image does not support resize");
3274 error_report("Image is read-only");
3277 error_report("Error resizing image (%d)", -ret);
3288 static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
3289 int64_t offset, int64_t total_work_size,
3292 qemu_progress_print(100.f * offset / total_work_size, 0);
3295 static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
3299 char *options = NULL;
3300 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
3301 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
3302 const char *fmt = NULL, *filename, *cache;
3305 bool quiet = false, progress = false;
3306 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
3307 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
3308 bool image_opts = false;
3310 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
3312 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3313 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3314 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
3315 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
3318 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ho:f:t:pq",
3319 long_options, NULL);
3330 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
3331 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
3333 goto out_no_progress;
3336 options = g_strdup(optarg);
3338 char *old_options = options;
3339 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
3340 g_free(old_options);
3356 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
3360 goto out_no_progress;
3363 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
3370 error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
3373 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3374 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3377 goto out_no_progress;
3383 qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
3385 filename = (optind == argc - 1) ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
3386 if (fmt && has_help_option(options)) {
3387 /* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
3388 * given), print option help here */
3389 ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
3393 if (optind != argc - 1) {
3394 error_report("Expecting one image file name");
3399 flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
3400 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
3402 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
3406 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet);
3413 fmt = bs->drv->format_name;
3415 if (has_help_option(options)) {
3416 /* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
3417 ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
3421 if (!bs->drv->create_opts) {
3422 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support any options to amend",
3428 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bs->drv->create_opts);
3429 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
3431 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &err);
3433 error_report_err(err);
3439 /* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
3440 qemu_progress_print(0.f, 0);
3441 ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb, NULL);
3442 qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
3444 error_report("Error while amending options: %s", strerror(-ret));
3449 qemu_progress_end();
3453 qemu_opts_del(opts);
3454 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
3463 static const img_cmd_t img_cmds[] = {
3464 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
3465 { option, callback },
3466 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
3472 int main(int argc, char **argv)
3474 const img_cmd_t *cmd;
3475 const char *cmdname;
3476 Error *local_error = NULL;
3478 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3479 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3480 {"version", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
3485 signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
3488 error_set_progname(argv[0]);
3489 qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
3491 if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
3492 error_report_err(local_error);
3496 qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
3498 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
3501 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
3505 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
3506 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts);
3508 /* find the command */
3509 for (cmd = img_cmds; cmd->name != NULL; cmd++) {
3510 if (!strcmp(cmdname, cmd->name)) {
3511 return cmd->handler(argc - 1, argv + 1);
3515 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", long_options, NULL);
3521 printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION);
3526 error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname);