2 * Block driver for the COW format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu-common.h"
25 #include "block_int.h"
28 /**************************************************************/
29 /* COW block driver using file system holes */
31 /* user mode linux compatible COW file */
32 #define COW_MAGIC 0x4f4f4f4d /* MOOO */
35 struct cow_header_v2 {
38 char backing_file[1024];
44 typedef struct BDRVCowState {
45 int64_t cow_sectors_offset;
48 static int cow_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
50 const struct cow_header_v2 *cow_header = (const void *)buf;
52 if (buf_size >= sizeof(struct cow_header_v2) &&
53 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->magic) == COW_MAGIC &&
54 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->version) == COW_VERSION)
60 static int cow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags)
62 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
63 struct cow_header_v2 cow_header;
67 /* see if it is a cow image */
68 if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &cow_header, sizeof(cow_header)) !=
73 if (be32_to_cpu(cow_header.magic) != COW_MAGIC ||
74 be32_to_cpu(cow_header.version) != COW_VERSION) {
79 size = be64_to_cpu(cow_header.size);
80 bs->total_sectors = size / 512;
82 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file),
83 cow_header.backing_file);
85 bitmap_size = ((bs->total_sectors + 7) >> 3) + sizeof(cow_header);
86 s->cow_sectors_offset = (bitmap_size + 511) & ~511;
93 * XXX(hch): right now these functions are extremly ineffcient.
94 * We should just read the whole bitmap we'll need in one go instead.
96 static inline int cow_set_bit(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t bitnum)
98 uint64_t offset = sizeof(struct cow_header_v2) + bitnum / 8;
102 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &bitmap, sizeof(bitmap));
107 bitmap |= (1 << (bitnum % 8));
109 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, offset, &bitmap, sizeof(bitmap));
116 static inline int is_bit_set(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t bitnum)
118 uint64_t offset = sizeof(struct cow_header_v2) + bitnum / 8;
122 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &bitmap, sizeof(bitmap));
127 return !!(bitmap & (1 << (bitnum % 8)));
130 /* Return true if first block has been changed (ie. current version is
131 * in COW file). Set the number of continuous blocks for which that
133 static int cow_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
134 int nb_sectors, int *num_same)
138 if (nb_sectors == 0) {
139 *num_same = nb_sectors;
143 changed = is_bit_set(bs, sector_num);
145 return 0; /* XXX: how to return I/O errors? */
148 for (*num_same = 1; *num_same < nb_sectors; (*num_same)++) {
149 if (is_bit_set(bs, sector_num + *num_same) != changed)
156 static int cow_update_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
162 for (i = 0; i < nb_sectors; i++) {
163 error = cow_set_bit(bs, sector_num + i);
172 static int cow_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
173 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
175 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
178 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
179 if (cow_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &n)) {
180 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file,
181 s->cow_sectors_offset + sector_num * 512,
186 if (bs->backing_hd) {
187 /* read from the base image */
188 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, sector_num, buf, n);
192 memset(buf, 0, n * 512);
202 static int cow_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
203 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
205 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
208 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, s->cow_sectors_offset + sector_num * 512,
209 buf, nb_sectors * 512);
210 if (ret != nb_sectors * 512)
213 return cow_update_bitmap(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors);
216 static void cow_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
220 static int cow_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options)
223 struct cow_header_v2 cow_header;
225 int64_t image_sectors = 0;
226 const char *image_filename = NULL;
229 /* Read out options */
230 while (options && options->name) {
231 if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
232 image_sectors = options->value.n / 512;
233 } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) {
234 image_filename = options->value.s;
239 cow_fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY,
243 memset(&cow_header, 0, sizeof(cow_header));
244 cow_header.magic = cpu_to_be32(COW_MAGIC);
245 cow_header.version = cpu_to_be32(COW_VERSION);
246 if (image_filename) {
247 /* Note: if no file, we put a dummy mtime */
248 cow_header.mtime = cpu_to_be32(0);
250 fd = open(image_filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
255 if (fstat(fd, &st) != 0) {
260 cow_header.mtime = cpu_to_be32(st.st_mtime);
262 pstrcpy(cow_header.backing_file, sizeof(cow_header.backing_file),
265 cow_header.sectorsize = cpu_to_be32(512);
266 cow_header.size = cpu_to_be64(image_sectors * 512);
267 ret = qemu_write_full(cow_fd, &cow_header, sizeof(cow_header));
268 if (ret != sizeof(cow_header)) {
273 /* resize to include at least all the bitmap */
274 ret = ftruncate(cow_fd, sizeof(cow_header) + ((image_sectors + 7) >> 3));
285 static int cow_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
287 return bdrv_flush(bs->file);
290 static QEMUOptionParameter cow_create_options[] = {
292 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
294 .help = "Virtual disk size"
297 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
299 .help = "File name of a base image"
304 static BlockDriver bdrv_cow = {
305 .format_name = "cow",
306 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCowState),
307 .bdrv_probe = cow_probe,
308 .bdrv_open = cow_open,
309 .bdrv_read = cow_read,
310 .bdrv_write = cow_write,
311 .bdrv_close = cow_close,
312 .bdrv_create = cow_create,
313 .bdrv_flush = cow_flush,
314 .bdrv_is_allocated = cow_is_allocated,
316 .create_options = cow_create_options,
319 static void bdrv_cow_init(void)
321 bdrv_register(&bdrv_cow);
324 block_init(bdrv_cow_init);