2 * Block driver for the VMDK format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
5 * Copyright (c) 2005 Filip Navara
7 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
17 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
27 #include "qapi/error.h"
28 #include "block/block_int.h"
29 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
30 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
31 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
32 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
33 #include "qemu/module.h"
34 #include "qemu/option.h"
35 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
36 #include "migration/blocker.h"
37 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
40 #define VMDK3_MAGIC (('C' << 24) | ('O' << 16) | ('W' << 8) | 'D')
41 #define VMDK4_MAGIC (('K' << 24) | ('D' << 16) | ('M' << 8) | 'V')
42 #define VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE 1
43 #define VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT (1 << 0)
44 #define VMDK4_FLAG_RGD (1 << 1)
45 /* Zeroed-grain enable bit */
46 #define VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN (1 << 2)
47 #define VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS (1 << 16)
48 #define VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER (1 << 17)
49 #define VMDK4_GD_AT_END 0xffffffffffffffffULL
51 #define VMDK_EXTENT_MAX_SECTORS (1ULL << 32)
53 #define VMDK_GTE_ZEROED 0x1
55 /* VMDK internal error codes */
57 #define VMDK_ERROR (-1)
58 /* Cluster not allocated */
59 #define VMDK_UNALLOC (-2)
60 #define VMDK_ZEROED (-3)
62 #define BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN "zeroed_grain"
67 uint32_t disk_sectors;
69 uint32_t l1dir_offset;
71 uint32_t file_sectors;
74 uint32_t sectors_per_track;
75 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK3Header;
84 /* Number of GrainTableEntries per GrainTable */
85 uint32_t num_gtes_per_gt;
88 uint64_t grain_offset;
91 uint16_t compressAlgorithm;
92 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK4Header;
94 typedef struct VMDKSESparseConstHeader {
99 uint64_t grain_table_size;
105 uint64_t volatile_header_offset;
106 uint64_t volatile_header_size;
107 uint64_t journal_header_offset;
108 uint64_t journal_header_size;
109 uint64_t journal_offset;
110 uint64_t journal_size;
111 uint64_t grain_dir_offset;
112 uint64_t grain_dir_size;
113 uint64_t grain_tables_offset;
114 uint64_t grain_tables_size;
115 uint64_t free_bitmap_offset;
116 uint64_t free_bitmap_size;
117 uint64_t backmap_offset;
118 uint64_t backmap_size;
119 uint64_t grains_offset;
120 uint64_t grains_size;
122 } QEMU_PACKED VMDKSESparseConstHeader;
124 typedef struct VMDKSESparseVolatileHeader {
126 uint64_t free_gt_number;
127 uint64_t next_txn_seq_number;
128 uint64_t replay_journal;
130 } QEMU_PACKED VMDKSESparseVolatileHeader;
132 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
134 typedef struct VmdkExtent {
141 uint64_t sesparse_l2_tables_offset;
142 uint64_t sesparse_clusters_offset;
147 int64_t flat_start_offset;
148 int64_t l1_table_offset;
149 int64_t l1_backup_table_offset;
151 uint32_t *l1_backup_table;
152 unsigned int l1_size;
153 uint32_t l1_entry_sectors;
155 unsigned int l2_size;
157 uint32_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
158 uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
160 int64_t cluster_sectors;
161 int64_t next_cluster_sector;
165 typedef struct BDRVVmdkState {
167 uint64_t desc_offset;
173 /* Extent array with num_extents entries, ascend ordered by address */
175 Error *migration_blocker;
179 typedef struct VmdkMetaData {
180 unsigned int l1_index;
181 unsigned int l2_index;
182 unsigned int l2_offset;
184 uint32_t *l2_cache_entry;
187 typedef struct VmdkGrainMarker {
191 } QEMU_PACKED VmdkGrainMarker;
194 MARKER_END_OF_STREAM = 0,
195 MARKER_GRAIN_TABLE = 1,
196 MARKER_GRAIN_DIRECTORY = 2,
200 static int vmdk_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
207 magic = be32_to_cpu(*(uint32_t *)buf);
208 if (magic == VMDK3_MAGIC ||
209 magic == VMDK4_MAGIC) {
212 const char *p = (const char *)buf;
213 const char *end = p + buf_size;
216 /* skip comment line */
217 while (p < end && *p != '\n') {
224 while (p < end && *p == ' ') {
227 /* skip '\r' if windows line endings used. */
228 if (p < end && *p == '\r') {
231 /* only accept blank lines before 'version=' line */
232 if (p == end || *p != '\n') {
238 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\n")) {
239 if (strncmp("version=1\n", p, strlen("version=1\n")) == 0 ||
240 strncmp("version=2\n", p, strlen("version=2\n")) == 0 ||
241 strncmp("version=3\n", p, strlen("version=3\n")) == 0) {
245 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\r\n")) {
246 if (strncmp("version=1\r\n", p, strlen("version=1\r\n")) == 0 ||
247 strncmp("version=2\r\n", p, strlen("version=2\r\n")) == 0 ||
248 strncmp("version=3\r\n", p, strlen("version=3\r\n")) == 0) {
258 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
259 #define DESC_SIZE (20 * SECTOR_SIZE) /* 20 sectors of 512 bytes each */
260 #define BUF_SIZE 4096
261 #define HEADER_SIZE 512 /* first sector of 512 bytes */
263 static void vmdk_free_extents(BlockDriverState *bs)
266 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
269 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
273 g_free(e->l1_backup_table);
275 if (e->file != bs->file) {
276 bdrv_unref_child(bs, e->file);
282 static void vmdk_free_last_extent(BlockDriverState *bs)
284 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
286 if (s->num_extents == 0) {
290 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents);
293 /* Return -ve errno, or 0 on success and write CID into *pcid. */
294 static int vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent, uint32_t *pcid)
298 const char *p_name, *cid_str;
300 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
303 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
304 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
310 cid_str = "parentCID";
311 cid_str_size = sizeof("parentCID");
314 cid_str_size = sizeof("CID");
317 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
318 p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
319 if (p_name == NULL) {
323 p_name += cid_str_size;
324 if (sscanf(p_name, "%" SCNx32, &cid) != 1) {
336 static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
338 char *desc, *tmp_desc;
339 char *p_name, *tmp_str;
340 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
343 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
344 tmp_desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
345 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
350 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
351 tmp_str = strstr(desc, "parentCID");
352 if (tmp_str == NULL) {
357 pstrcpy(tmp_desc, DESC_SIZE, tmp_str);
358 p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
359 if (p_name != NULL) {
360 p_name += sizeof("CID");
361 snprintf(p_name, DESC_SIZE - (p_name - desc), "%" PRIx32 "\n", cid);
362 pstrcat(desc, DESC_SIZE, tmp_desc);
365 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
373 static int vmdk_is_cid_valid(BlockDriverState *bs)
375 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
378 if (!s->cid_checked && bs->backing) {
379 BlockDriverState *p_bs = bs->backing->bs;
381 if (strcmp(p_bs->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
382 /* Backing file is not in vmdk format, so it does not have
383 * a CID, which makes the overlay's parent CID invalid */
387 if (vmdk_read_cid(p_bs, 0, &cur_pcid) != 0) {
388 /* read failure: report as not valid */
391 if (s->parent_cid != cur_pcid) {
396 s->cid_checked = true;
401 /* We have nothing to do for VMDK reopen, stubs just return success */
402 static int vmdk_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
403 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
405 assert(state != NULL);
406 assert(state->bs != NULL);
410 static int vmdk_parent_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
414 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
417 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE + 1);
418 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
424 p_name = strstr(desc, "parentFileNameHint");
425 if (p_name != NULL) {
428 p_name += sizeof("parentFileNameHint") + 1;
429 end_name = strchr(p_name, '\"');
430 if (end_name == NULL) {
434 if ((end_name - p_name) > sizeof(bs->auto_backing_file) - 1) {
439 pstrcpy(bs->auto_backing_file, end_name - p_name + 1, p_name);
440 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file),
441 bs->auto_backing_file);
442 pstrcpy(bs->backing_format, sizeof(bs->backing_format),
451 /* Create and append extent to the extent array. Return the added VmdkExtent
452 * address. return NULL if allocation failed. */
453 static int vmdk_add_extent(BlockDriverState *bs,
454 BdrvChild *file, bool flat, int64_t sectors,
455 int64_t l1_offset, int64_t l1_backup_offset,
457 int l2_size, uint64_t cluster_sectors,
458 VmdkExtent **new_extent,
462 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
465 if (cluster_sectors > 0x200000) {
466 /* 0x200000 * 512Bytes = 1GB for one cluster is unrealistic */
467 error_setg(errp, "Invalid granularity, image may be corrupt");
470 if (l1_size > 32 * 1024 * 1024) {
472 * Although with big capacity and small l1_entry_sectors, we can get a
473 * big l1_size, we don't want unbounded value to allocate the table.
474 * Limit it to 32M, which is enough to store:
475 * 8TB - for both VMDK3 & VMDK4 with
476 * minimal cluster size: 512B
477 * minimal L2 table size: 512 entries
478 * 8 TB is still more than the maximal value supported for
479 * VMDK3 & VMDK4 which is 2TB.
480 * 64TB - for "ESXi seSparse Extent"
481 * minimal cluster size: 512B (default is 4KB)
482 * L2 table size: 4096 entries (const).
483 * 64TB is more than the maximal value supported for
484 * seSparse VMDKs (which is slightly less than 64TB)
486 error_setg(errp, "L1 size too big");
490 nb_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs);
491 if (nb_sectors < 0) {
495 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents + 1);
496 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents];
499 memset(extent, 0, sizeof(VmdkExtent));
502 extent->sectors = sectors;
503 extent->l1_table_offset = l1_offset;
504 extent->l1_backup_table_offset = l1_backup_offset;
505 extent->l1_size = l1_size;
506 extent->l1_entry_sectors = l2_size * cluster_sectors;
507 extent->l2_size = l2_size;
508 extent->cluster_sectors = flat ? sectors : cluster_sectors;
509 extent->next_cluster_sector = ROUND_UP(nb_sectors, cluster_sectors);
510 extent->entry_size = sizeof(uint32_t);
512 if (s->num_extents > 1) {
513 extent->end_sector = (*(extent - 1)).end_sector + extent->sectors;
515 extent->end_sector = extent->sectors;
517 bs->total_sectors = extent->end_sector;
519 *new_extent = extent;
524 static int vmdk_init_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, VmdkExtent *extent,
531 /* read the L1 table */
532 l1_size = extent->l1_size * extent->entry_size;
533 extent->l1_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
534 if (l1_size && extent->l1_table == NULL) {
538 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
539 extent->l1_table_offset,
543 bdrv_refresh_filename(extent->file->bs);
544 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
545 "Could not read l1 table from extent '%s'",
546 extent->file->bs->filename);
549 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
550 if (extent->entry_size == sizeof(uint64_t)) {
551 le64_to_cpus((uint64_t *)extent->l1_table + i);
553 assert(extent->entry_size == sizeof(uint32_t));
554 le32_to_cpus((uint32_t *)extent->l1_table + i);
558 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset) {
559 assert(!extent->sesparse);
560 extent->l1_backup_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
561 if (l1_size && extent->l1_backup_table == NULL) {
565 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
566 extent->l1_backup_table_offset,
567 extent->l1_backup_table,
570 bdrv_refresh_filename(extent->file->bs);
571 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
572 "Could not read l1 backup table from extent '%s'",
573 extent->file->bs->filename);
576 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
577 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_backup_table[i]);
582 g_malloc(extent->entry_size * extent->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE);
585 g_free(extent->l1_backup_table);
587 g_free(extent->l1_table);
591 static int vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
593 int flags, Error **errp)
600 ret = bdrv_pread(file, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
602 bdrv_refresh_filename(file->bs);
603 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
604 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
608 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
609 le32_to_cpu(header.disk_sectors),
610 (int64_t)le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_offset) << 9,
612 le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_size),
614 le32_to_cpu(header.granularity),
620 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
622 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
623 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
628 #define SESPARSE_CONST_HEADER_MAGIC UINT64_C(0x00000000cafebabe)
629 #define SESPARSE_VOLATILE_HEADER_MAGIC UINT64_C(0x00000000cafecafe)
631 /* Strict checks - format not officially documented */
632 static int check_se_sparse_const_header(VMDKSESparseConstHeader *header,
635 header->magic = le64_to_cpu(header->magic);
636 header->version = le64_to_cpu(header->version);
637 header->grain_size = le64_to_cpu(header->grain_size);
638 header->grain_table_size = le64_to_cpu(header->grain_table_size);
639 header->flags = le64_to_cpu(header->flags);
640 header->reserved1 = le64_to_cpu(header->reserved1);
641 header->reserved2 = le64_to_cpu(header->reserved2);
642 header->reserved3 = le64_to_cpu(header->reserved3);
643 header->reserved4 = le64_to_cpu(header->reserved4);
645 header->volatile_header_offset =
646 le64_to_cpu(header->volatile_header_offset);
647 header->volatile_header_size = le64_to_cpu(header->volatile_header_size);
649 header->journal_header_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->journal_header_offset);
650 header->journal_header_size = le64_to_cpu(header->journal_header_size);
652 header->journal_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->journal_offset);
653 header->journal_size = le64_to_cpu(header->journal_size);
655 header->grain_dir_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->grain_dir_offset);
656 header->grain_dir_size = le64_to_cpu(header->grain_dir_size);
658 header->grain_tables_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->grain_tables_offset);
659 header->grain_tables_size = le64_to_cpu(header->grain_tables_size);
661 header->free_bitmap_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->free_bitmap_offset);
662 header->free_bitmap_size = le64_to_cpu(header->free_bitmap_size);
664 header->backmap_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->backmap_offset);
665 header->backmap_size = le64_to_cpu(header->backmap_size);
667 header->grains_offset = le64_to_cpu(header->grains_offset);
668 header->grains_size = le64_to_cpu(header->grains_size);
670 if (header->magic != SESPARSE_CONST_HEADER_MAGIC) {
671 error_setg(errp, "Bad const header magic: 0x%016" PRIx64,
676 if (header->version != 0x0000000200000001) {
677 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported version: 0x%016" PRIx64,
682 if (header->grain_size != 8) {
683 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported grain size: %" PRIu64,
688 if (header->grain_table_size != 64) {
689 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported grain table size: %" PRIu64,
690 header->grain_table_size);
694 if (header->flags != 0) {
695 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported flags: 0x%016" PRIx64,
700 if (header->reserved1 != 0 || header->reserved2 != 0 ||
701 header->reserved3 != 0 || header->reserved4 != 0) {
702 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported reserved bits:"
703 " 0x%016" PRIx64 " 0x%016" PRIx64
704 " 0x%016" PRIx64 " 0x%016" PRIx64,
705 header->reserved1, header->reserved2,
706 header->reserved3, header->reserved4);
710 /* check that padding is 0 */
711 if (!buffer_is_zero(header->pad, sizeof(header->pad))) {
712 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported non-zero const header padding");
719 static int check_se_sparse_volatile_header(VMDKSESparseVolatileHeader *header,
722 header->magic = le64_to_cpu(header->magic);
723 header->free_gt_number = le64_to_cpu(header->free_gt_number);
724 header->next_txn_seq_number = le64_to_cpu(header->next_txn_seq_number);
725 header->replay_journal = le64_to_cpu(header->replay_journal);
727 if (header->magic != SESPARSE_VOLATILE_HEADER_MAGIC) {
728 error_setg(errp, "Bad volatile header magic: 0x%016" PRIx64,
733 if (header->replay_journal) {
734 error_setg(errp, "Image is dirty, Replaying journal not supported");
738 /* check that padding is 0 */
739 if (!buffer_is_zero(header->pad, sizeof(header->pad))) {
740 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported non-zero volatile header padding");
747 static int vmdk_open_se_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
749 int flags, Error **errp)
752 VMDKSESparseConstHeader const_header;
753 VMDKSESparseVolatileHeader volatile_header;
756 ret = bdrv_apply_auto_read_only(bs,
757 "No write support for seSparse images available", errp);
762 assert(sizeof(const_header) == SECTOR_SIZE);
764 ret = bdrv_pread(file, 0, &const_header, sizeof(const_header));
766 bdrv_refresh_filename(file->bs);
767 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
768 "Could not read const header from file '%s'",
773 /* check const header */
774 ret = check_se_sparse_const_header(&const_header, errp);
779 assert(sizeof(volatile_header) == SECTOR_SIZE);
781 ret = bdrv_pread(file,
782 const_header.volatile_header_offset * SECTOR_SIZE,
783 &volatile_header, sizeof(volatile_header));
785 bdrv_refresh_filename(file->bs);
786 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
787 "Could not read volatile header from file '%s'",
792 /* check volatile header */
793 ret = check_se_sparse_volatile_header(&volatile_header, errp);
798 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
799 const_header.capacity,
800 const_header.grain_dir_offset * SECTOR_SIZE,
802 const_header.grain_dir_size *
803 SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t),
804 const_header.grain_table_size *
805 SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t),
806 const_header.grain_size,
813 extent->sesparse = true;
814 extent->sesparse_l2_tables_offset = const_header.grain_tables_offset;
815 extent->sesparse_clusters_offset = const_header.grains_offset;
816 extent->entry_size = sizeof(uint64_t);
818 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
820 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
821 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
827 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
828 QDict *options, Error **errp);
830 static char *vmdk_read_desc(BdrvChild *file, uint64_t desc_offset, Error **errp)
836 size = bdrv_getlength(file->bs);
838 error_setg_errno(errp, -size, "Could not access file");
843 /* Both descriptor file and sparse image must be much larger than 4
844 * bytes, also callers of vmdk_read_desc want to compare the first 4
845 * bytes with VMDK4_MAGIC, let's error out if less is read. */
846 error_setg(errp, "File is too small, not a valid image");
850 size = MIN(size, (1 << 20) - 1); /* avoid unbounded allocation */
851 buf = g_malloc(size + 1);
853 ret = bdrv_pread(file, desc_offset, buf, size);
855 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read from file");
864 static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
866 int flags, QDict *options, Error **errp)
870 uint32_t l1_size, l1_entry_sectors;
873 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
874 int64_t l1_backup_offset = 0;
877 ret = bdrv_pread(file, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
879 bdrv_refresh_filename(file->bs);
880 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
881 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
885 if (header.capacity == 0) {
886 uint64_t desc_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.desc_offset);
888 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(file, desc_offset << 9, errp);
892 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
898 if (!s->create_type) {
899 s->create_type = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
902 if (le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) == VMDK4_GD_AT_END) {
904 * The footer takes precedence over the header, so read it in. The
905 * footer starts at offset -1024 from the end: One sector for the
906 * footer, and another one for the end-of-stream marker.
913 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
914 } QEMU_PACKED footer_marker;
918 uint8_t pad[512 - 4 - sizeof(VMDK4Header)];
924 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
925 } QEMU_PACKED eos_marker;
926 } QEMU_PACKED footer;
928 ret = bdrv_pread(file,
929 bs->file->bs->total_sectors * 512 - 1536,
930 &footer, sizeof(footer));
932 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read footer");
936 /* Some sanity checks for the footer */
937 if (be32_to_cpu(footer.magic) != VMDK4_MAGIC ||
938 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.size) != 0 ||
939 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.type) != MARKER_FOOTER ||
940 le64_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.val) != 0 ||
941 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.size) != 0 ||
942 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.type) != MARKER_END_OF_STREAM)
944 error_setg(errp, "Invalid footer");
948 header = footer.header;
952 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
953 if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) > 3) {
954 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported VMDK version %" PRIu32,
955 le32_to_cpu(header.version));
957 } else if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) == 3 && (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) &&
959 /* VMware KB 2064959 explains that version 3 added support for
960 * persistent changed block tracking (CBT), and backup software can
961 * read it as version=1 if it doesn't care about the changed area
962 * information. So we are safe to enable read only. */
963 error_setg(errp, "VMDK version 3 must be read only");
967 if (le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt) > 512) {
968 error_setg(errp, "L2 table size too big");
972 l1_entry_sectors = le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt)
973 * le64_to_cpu(header.granularity);
974 if (l1_entry_sectors == 0) {
975 error_setg(errp, "L1 entry size is invalid");
978 l1_size = (le64_to_cpu(header.capacity) + l1_entry_sectors - 1)
980 if (le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_RGD) {
981 l1_backup_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9;
983 if (bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs) < le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)) {
984 error_setg(errp, "File truncated, expecting at least %" PRId64 " bytes",
985 (int64_t)(le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)
986 * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
990 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
991 le64_to_cpu(header.capacity),
992 le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9,
995 le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt),
996 le64_to_cpu(header.granularity),
1002 extent->compressed =
1003 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
1004 if (extent->compressed) {
1005 g_free(s->create_type);
1006 s->create_type = g_strdup("streamOptimized");
1008 extent->has_marker = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER;
1009 extent->version = le32_to_cpu(header.version);
1010 extent->has_zero_grain = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN;
1011 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
1013 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
1014 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
1019 /* find an option value out of descriptor file */
1020 static int vmdk_parse_description(const char *desc, const char *opt_name,
1021 char *buf, int buf_size)
1023 char *opt_pos, *opt_end;
1024 const char *end = desc + strlen(desc);
1026 opt_pos = strstr(desc, opt_name);
1030 /* Skip "=\"" following opt_name */
1031 opt_pos += strlen(opt_name) + 2;
1032 if (opt_pos >= end) {
1036 while (opt_end < end && *opt_end != '"') {
1039 if (opt_end == end || buf_size < opt_end - opt_pos + 1) {
1042 pstrcpy(buf, opt_end - opt_pos + 1, opt_pos);
1046 /* Open an extent file and append to bs array */
1047 static int vmdk_open_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvChild *file, int flags,
1048 char *buf, QDict *options, Error **errp)
1052 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
1055 return vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(bs, file, flags, errp);
1058 return vmdk_open_vmdk4(bs, file, flags, options, errp);
1061 error_setg(errp, "Image not in VMDK format");
1067 static const char *next_line(const char *s)
1078 static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
1079 QDict *options, Error **errp)
1087 int64_t sectors = 0;
1088 int64_t flat_offset;
1089 char *desc_file_dir = NULL;
1091 BdrvChild *extent_file;
1092 BdrvChildRole extent_role;
1093 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1095 char extent_opt_prefix[32];
1096 Error *local_err = NULL;
1098 for (p = desc; *p; p = next_line(p)) {
1099 /* parse extent line in one of below formats:
1101 * RW [size in sectors] FLAT "file-name.vmdk" OFFSET
1102 * RW [size in sectors] SPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
1103 * RW [size in sectors] VMFS "file-name.vmdk"
1104 * RW [size in sectors] VMFSSPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
1105 * RW [size in sectors] SESPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
1108 matches = sscanf(p, "%10s %" SCNd64 " %10s \"%511[^\n\r\"]\" %" SCNd64,
1109 access, §ors, type, fname, &flat_offset);
1110 if (matches < 4 || strcmp(access, "RW")) {
1112 } else if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
1113 if (matches != 5 || flat_offset < 0) {
1116 } else if (!strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
1122 } else if (matches != 4) {
1127 (strcmp(type, "FLAT") && strcmp(type, "SPARSE") &&
1128 strcmp(type, "VMFS") && strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE") &&
1129 strcmp(type, "SESPARSE")) ||
1130 (strcmp(access, "RW"))) {
1134 if (path_is_absolute(fname)) {
1135 extent_path = g_strdup(fname);
1137 if (!desc_file_dir) {
1138 desc_file_dir = bdrv_dirname(bs->file->bs, errp);
1139 if (!desc_file_dir) {
1140 bdrv_refresh_filename(bs->file->bs);
1141 error_prepend(errp, "Cannot use relative paths with VMDK "
1142 "descriptor file '%s': ",
1143 bs->file->bs->filename);
1149 extent_path = g_strconcat(desc_file_dir, fname, NULL);
1152 ret = snprintf(extent_opt_prefix, 32, "extents.%d", s->num_extents);
1155 extent_role = BDRV_CHILD_DATA;
1156 if (strcmp(type, "FLAT") != 0 && strcmp(type, "VMFS") != 0) {
1157 /* non-flat extents have metadata */
1158 extent_role |= BDRV_CHILD_METADATA;
1161 extent_file = bdrv_open_child(extent_path, options, extent_opt_prefix,
1162 bs, &child_of_bds, extent_role, false,
1164 g_free(extent_path);
1166 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1171 /* save to extents array */
1172 if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT") || !strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
1175 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, extent_file, true, sectors,
1176 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &extent, errp);
1178 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
1181 extent->flat_start_offset = flat_offset << 9;
1182 } else if (!strcmp(type, "SPARSE") || !strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) {
1183 /* SPARSE extent and VMFSSPARSE extent are both "COWD" sparse file*/
1184 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(extent_file, 0, errp);
1188 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags, buf,
1193 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
1196 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents - 1];
1197 } else if (!strcmp(type, "SESPARSE")) {
1198 ret = vmdk_open_se_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags, errp);
1200 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
1203 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents - 1];
1205 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported extent type '%s'", type);
1206 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
1210 extent->type = g_strdup(type);
1219 if (np[-1] == '\n') {
1222 error_setg(errp, "Invalid extent line: %.*s", (int)(np - p), p);
1226 g_free(desc_file_dir);
1230 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
1231 QDict *options, Error **errp)
1235 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1237 if (vmdk_parse_description(buf, "createType", ct, sizeof(ct))) {
1238 error_setg(errp, "invalid VMDK image descriptor");
1242 if (strcmp(ct, "monolithicFlat") &&
1243 strcmp(ct, "vmfs") &&
1244 strcmp(ct, "vmfsSparse") &&
1245 strcmp(ct, "seSparse") &&
1246 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
1247 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat")) {
1248 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported image type '%s'", ct);
1252 s->create_type = g_strdup(ct);
1254 ret = vmdk_parse_extents(buf, bs, options, errp);
1259 static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
1264 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1267 bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_of_bds,
1268 BDRV_CHILD_IMAGE, false, errp);
1273 buf = vmdk_read_desc(bs->file, 0, errp);
1278 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
1282 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, bs->file, flags, buf, options,
1284 s->desc_offset = 0x200;
1287 /* No data in the descriptor file */
1288 bs->file->role &= ~BDRV_CHILD_DATA;
1290 /* Must succeed because we have given up permissions if anything */
1291 bdrv_child_refresh_perms(bs, bs->file, &error_abort);
1293 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
1300 /* try to open parent images, if exist */
1301 ret = vmdk_parent_open(bs);
1305 ret = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0, &s->cid);
1309 ret = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 1, &s->parent_cid);
1313 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
1315 /* Disable migration when VMDK images are used */
1316 error_setg(&s->migration_blocker, "The vmdk format used by node '%s' "
1317 "does not support live migration",
1318 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
1319 ret = migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker, errp);
1321 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
1330 g_free(s->create_type);
1331 s->create_type = NULL;
1332 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
1337 static void vmdk_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1339 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1342 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
1343 if (!s->extents[i].flat) {
1344 bs->bl.pwrite_zeroes_alignment =
1345 MAX(bs->bl.pwrite_zeroes_alignment,
1346 s->extents[i].cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1354 * Copy backing file's cluster that covers @sector_num, otherwise write zero,
1355 * to the cluster at @cluster_sector_num. If @zeroed is true, we're overwriting
1356 * a zeroed cluster in the current layer and must not copy data from the
1359 * If @skip_start_sector < @skip_end_sector, the relative range
1360 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) is not copied or written, and leave
1361 * it for call to write user data in the request.
1363 static int get_whole_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs,
1365 uint64_t cluster_offset,
1367 uint64_t skip_start_bytes,
1368 uint64_t skip_end_bytes,
1372 int64_t cluster_bytes;
1373 uint8_t *whole_grain;
1374 bool copy_from_backing;
1376 /* For COW, align request sector_num to cluster start */
1377 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1378 offset = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, cluster_bytes);
1379 whole_grain = qemu_blockalign(bs, cluster_bytes);
1380 copy_from_backing = bs->backing && !zeroed;
1382 if (!copy_from_backing) {
1383 memset(whole_grain, 0, skip_start_bytes);
1384 memset(whole_grain + skip_end_bytes, 0, cluster_bytes - skip_end_bytes);
1387 assert(skip_end_bytes <= cluster_bytes);
1388 /* we will be here if it's first write on non-exist grain(cluster).
1389 * try to read from parent image, if exist */
1390 if (bs->backing && !vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1395 /* Read backing data before skip range */
1396 if (skip_start_bytes > 0) {
1397 if (copy_from_backing) {
1398 /* qcow2 emits this on bs->file instead of bs->backing */
1399 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_COW_READ);
1400 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->backing, offset, whole_grain,
1407 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_COW_WRITE);
1408 ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file, cluster_offset, whole_grain,
1415 /* Read backing data after skip range */
1416 if (skip_end_bytes < cluster_bytes) {
1417 if (copy_from_backing) {
1418 /* qcow2 emits this on bs->file instead of bs->backing */
1419 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_COW_READ);
1420 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->backing, offset + skip_end_bytes,
1421 whole_grain + skip_end_bytes,
1422 cluster_bytes - skip_end_bytes);
1428 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_COW_WRITE);
1429 ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file, cluster_offset + skip_end_bytes,
1430 whole_grain + skip_end_bytes,
1431 cluster_bytes - skip_end_bytes);
1440 qemu_vfree(whole_grain);
1444 static int vmdk_L2update(VmdkExtent *extent, VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1447 offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
1448 /* update L2 table */
1449 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_L2_UPDATE);
1450 if (bdrv_pwrite(extent->file,
1451 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1452 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1453 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1456 /* update backup L2 table */
1457 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset != 0) {
1458 m_data->l2_offset = extent->l1_backup_table[m_data->l1_index];
1459 if (bdrv_pwrite(extent->file,
1460 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1461 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1462 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1466 if (bdrv_flush(extent->file->bs) < 0) {
1469 if (m_data->l2_cache_entry) {
1470 *m_data->l2_cache_entry = offset;
1477 * get_cluster_offset
1479 * Look up cluster offset in extent file by sector number, and store in
1482 * For flat extents, the start offset as parsed from the description file is
1485 * For sparse extents, look up in L1, L2 table. If allocate is true, return an
1486 * offset for a new cluster and update L2 cache. If there is a backing file,
1487 * COW is done before returning; otherwise, zeroes are written to the allocated
1488 * cluster. Both COW and zero writing skips the sector range
1489 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) passed in by caller, because caller
1490 * has new data to write there.
1492 * Returns: VMDK_OK if cluster exists and mapped in the image.
1493 * VMDK_UNALLOC if cluster is not mapped and @allocate is false.
1494 * VMDK_ERROR if failed.
1496 static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
1498 VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1501 uint64_t *cluster_offset,
1502 uint64_t skip_start_bytes,
1503 uint64_t skip_end_bytes)
1505 unsigned int l1_index, l2_offset, l2_index;
1506 int min_index, i, j;
1509 bool zeroed = false;
1511 int64_t cluster_sector;
1512 unsigned int l2_size_bytes = extent->l2_size * extent->entry_size;
1515 m_data->new_allocation = false;
1518 *cluster_offset = extent->flat_start_offset;
1522 offset -= (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * SECTOR_SIZE;
1523 l1_index = (offset >> 9) / extent->l1_entry_sectors;
1524 if (l1_index >= extent->l1_size) {
1527 if (extent->sesparse) {
1528 uint64_t l2_offset_u64;
1530 assert(extent->entry_size == sizeof(uint64_t));
1532 l2_offset_u64 = ((uint64_t *)extent->l1_table)[l1_index];
1533 if (l2_offset_u64 == 0) {
1535 } else if ((l2_offset_u64 & 0xffffffff00000000) != 0x1000000000000000) {
1537 * Top most nibble is 0x1 if grain table is allocated.
1538 * strict check - top most 4 bytes must be 0x10000000 since max
1539 * supported size is 64TB for disk - so no more than 64TB / 16MB
1540 * grain directories which is smaller than uint32,
1541 * where 16MB is the only supported default grain table coverage.
1545 l2_offset_u64 = l2_offset_u64 & 0x00000000ffffffff;
1546 l2_offset_u64 = extent->sesparse_l2_tables_offset +
1547 l2_offset_u64 * l2_size_bytes / SECTOR_SIZE;
1548 if (l2_offset_u64 > 0x00000000ffffffff) {
1551 l2_offset = (unsigned int)(l2_offset_u64);
1554 assert(extent->entry_size == sizeof(uint32_t));
1555 l2_offset = ((uint32_t *)extent->l1_table)[l1_index];
1558 return VMDK_UNALLOC;
1560 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1561 if (l2_offset == extent->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
1562 /* increment the hit count */
1563 if (++extent->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
1564 for (j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
1565 extent->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
1568 l2_table = (char *)extent->l2_cache + (i * l2_size_bytes);
1572 /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
1574 min_count = 0xffffffff;
1575 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1576 if (extent->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
1577 min_count = extent->l2_cache_counts[i];
1581 l2_table = (char *)extent->l2_cache + (min_index * l2_size_bytes);
1582 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_L2_LOAD);
1583 if (bdrv_pread(extent->file,
1584 (int64_t)l2_offset * 512,
1587 ) != l2_size_bytes) {
1591 extent->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
1592 extent->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
1594 l2_index = ((offset >> 9) / extent->cluster_sectors) % extent->l2_size;
1596 m_data->l1_index = l1_index;
1597 m_data->l2_index = l2_index;
1598 m_data->l2_offset = l2_offset;
1599 m_data->l2_cache_entry = ((uint32_t *)l2_table) + l2_index;
1602 if (extent->sesparse) {
1603 cluster_sector = le64_to_cpu(((uint64_t *)l2_table)[l2_index]);
1604 switch (cluster_sector & 0xf000000000000000) {
1605 case 0x0000000000000000:
1606 /* unallocated grain */
1607 if (cluster_sector != 0) {
1611 case 0x1000000000000000:
1612 /* scsi-unmapped grain - fallthrough */
1613 case 0x2000000000000000:
1617 case 0x3000000000000000:
1618 /* allocated grain */
1619 cluster_sector = (((cluster_sector & 0x0fff000000000000) >> 48) |
1620 ((cluster_sector & 0x0000ffffffffffff) << 12));
1621 cluster_sector = extent->sesparse_clusters_offset +
1622 cluster_sector * extent->cluster_sectors;
1628 cluster_sector = le32_to_cpu(((uint32_t *)l2_table)[l2_index]);
1630 if (extent->has_zero_grain && cluster_sector == VMDK_GTE_ZEROED) {
1635 if (!cluster_sector || zeroed) {
1637 return zeroed ? VMDK_ZEROED : VMDK_UNALLOC;
1639 assert(!extent->sesparse);
1641 if (extent->next_cluster_sector >= VMDK_EXTENT_MAX_SECTORS) {
1645 cluster_sector = extent->next_cluster_sector;
1646 extent->next_cluster_sector += extent->cluster_sectors;
1648 /* First of all we write grain itself, to avoid race condition
1649 * that may to corrupt the image.
1650 * This problem may occur because of insufficient space on host disk
1651 * or inappropriate VM shutdown.
1653 ret = get_whole_cluster(bs, extent, cluster_sector * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1654 offset, skip_start_bytes, skip_end_bytes,
1660 m_data->new_allocation = true;
1663 *cluster_offset = cluster_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1667 static VmdkExtent *find_extent(BDRVVmdkState *s,
1668 int64_t sector_num, VmdkExtent *start_hint)
1670 VmdkExtent *extent = start_hint;
1673 extent = &s->extents[0];
1675 while (extent < &s->extents[s->num_extents]) {
1676 if (sector_num < extent->end_sector) {
1684 static inline uint64_t vmdk_find_offset_in_cluster(VmdkExtent *extent,
1687 uint64_t extent_begin_offset, extent_relative_offset;
1688 uint64_t cluster_size = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1690 extent_begin_offset =
1691 (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1692 extent_relative_offset = offset - extent_begin_offset;
1693 return extent_relative_offset % cluster_size;
1696 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
1698 int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
1699 int64_t *pnum, int64_t *map,
1700 BlockDriverState **file)
1702 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1703 int64_t index_in_cluster, n, ret;
1704 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1707 extent = find_extent(s, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, NULL);
1711 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1712 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL, offset, false, &cluster_offset,
1714 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1716 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_offset_in_cluster(extent, offset);
1725 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1728 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1729 if (!extent->compressed) {
1730 ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
1731 *map = cluster_offset + index_in_cluster;
1733 ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_RECURSE;
1736 *file = extent->file->bs;
1740 n = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - index_in_cluster;
1741 *pnum = MIN(n, bytes);
1745 static int vmdk_write_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1746 int64_t offset_in_cluster, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1747 uint64_t qiov_offset, uint64_t n_bytes,
1751 VmdkGrainMarker *data = NULL;
1753 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
1754 int64_t write_offset;
1755 int64_t write_end_sector;
1757 if (extent->compressed) {
1758 void *compressed_data;
1760 /* Only whole clusters */
1761 if (offset_in_cluster ||
1762 n_bytes > (extent->cluster_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE) ||
1763 (n_bytes < (extent->cluster_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE) &&
1764 offset + n_bytes != extent->end_sector * SECTOR_SIZE))
1770 if (!extent->has_marker) {
1774 buf_len = (extent->cluster_sectors << 9) * 2;
1775 data = g_malloc(buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker));
1777 compressed_data = g_malloc(n_bytes);
1778 qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, qiov_offset, compressed_data, n_bytes);
1779 ret = compress(data->data, &buf_len, compressed_data, n_bytes);
1780 g_free(compressed_data);
1782 if (ret != Z_OK || buf_len == 0) {
1787 data->lba = cpu_to_le64(offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1788 data->size = cpu_to_le32(buf_len);
1790 n_bytes = buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker);
1791 qemu_iovec_init_buf(&local_qiov, data, n_bytes);
1793 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_COMPRESSED);
1795 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov);
1796 qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, qiov_offset, n_bytes);
1798 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO);
1801 write_offset = cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster;
1802 ret = bdrv_co_pwritev(extent->file, write_offset, n_bytes,
1805 write_end_sector = DIV_ROUND_UP(write_offset + n_bytes, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1807 if (extent->compressed) {
1808 extent->next_cluster_sector = write_end_sector;
1810 extent->next_cluster_sector = MAX(extent->next_cluster_sector,
1820 if (!extent->compressed) {
1821 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
1826 static int vmdk_read_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1827 int64_t offset_in_cluster, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1831 int cluster_bytes, buf_bytes;
1832 uint8_t *cluster_buf, *compressed_data;
1833 uint8_t *uncomp_buf;
1835 VmdkGrainMarker *marker;
1839 if (!extent->compressed) {
1840 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_READ_AIO);
1841 ret = bdrv_co_preadv(extent->file,
1842 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster, bytes,
1849 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * 512;
1850 /* Read two clusters in case GrainMarker + compressed data > one cluster */
1851 buf_bytes = cluster_bytes * 2;
1852 cluster_buf = g_malloc(buf_bytes);
1853 uncomp_buf = g_malloc(cluster_bytes);
1854 BLKDBG_EVENT(extent->file, BLKDBG_READ_COMPRESSED);
1855 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
1857 cluster_buf, buf_bytes);
1861 compressed_data = cluster_buf;
1862 buf_len = cluster_bytes;
1863 data_len = cluster_bytes;
1864 if (extent->has_marker) {
1865 marker = (VmdkGrainMarker *)cluster_buf;
1866 compressed_data = marker->data;
1867 data_len = le32_to_cpu(marker->size);
1869 if (!data_len || data_len > buf_bytes) {
1873 ret = uncompress(uncomp_buf, &buf_len, compressed_data, data_len);
1879 if (offset_in_cluster < 0 ||
1880 offset_in_cluster + bytes > buf_len) {
1884 qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, 0, uncomp_buf + offset_in_cluster, bytes);
1889 g_free(cluster_buf);
1893 static int coroutine_fn
1894 vmdk_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
1895 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
1897 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1899 uint64_t n_bytes, offset_in_cluster;
1900 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1901 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
1902 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1903 uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
1905 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov);
1906 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1909 extent = find_extent(s, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, extent);
1914 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1915 offset, false, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
1916 offset_in_cluster = vmdk_find_offset_in_cluster(extent, offset);
1918 n_bytes = MIN(bytes, extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
1919 - offset_in_cluster);
1921 if (ret != VMDK_OK) {
1922 /* if not allocated, try to read from parent image, if exist */
1923 if (bs->backing && ret != VMDK_ZEROED) {
1924 if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1929 qemu_iovec_reset(&local_qiov);
1930 qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, n_bytes);
1932 /* qcow2 emits this on bs->file instead of bs->backing */
1933 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_BACKING_AIO);
1934 ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->backing, offset, n_bytes,
1940 qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, bytes_done, 0, n_bytes);
1943 qemu_iovec_reset(&local_qiov);
1944 qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, n_bytes);
1946 ret = vmdk_read_extent(extent, cluster_offset, offset_in_cluster,
1947 &local_qiov, n_bytes);
1954 bytes_done += n_bytes;
1959 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1960 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
1967 * @zeroed: buf is ignored (data is zero), use zeroed_grain GTE feature
1968 * if possible, otherwise return -ENOTSUP.
1969 * @zero_dry_run: used for zeroed == true only, don't update L2 table, just try
1970 * with each cluster. By dry run we can find if the zero write
1971 * is possible without modifying image data.
1973 * Returns: error code with 0 for success.
1975 static int vmdk_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1976 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1977 bool zeroed, bool zero_dry_run)
1979 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1980 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1982 int64_t offset_in_cluster, n_bytes;
1983 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1984 uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
1985 VmdkMetaData m_data;
1987 if (DIV_ROUND_UP(offset, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) > bs->total_sectors) {
1988 error_report("Wrong offset: offset=0x%" PRIx64
1989 " total_sectors=0x%" PRIx64,
1990 offset, bs->total_sectors);
1995 extent = find_extent(s, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, extent);
1999 if (extent->sesparse) {
2002 offset_in_cluster = vmdk_find_offset_in_cluster(extent, offset);
2003 n_bytes = MIN(bytes, extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
2004 - offset_in_cluster);
2006 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, offset,
2007 !(extent->compressed || zeroed),
2008 &cluster_offset, offset_in_cluster,
2009 offset_in_cluster + n_bytes);
2010 if (extent->compressed) {
2011 if (ret == VMDK_OK) {
2012 /* Refuse write to allocated cluster for streamOptimized */
2013 error_report("Could not write to allocated cluster"
2014 " for streamOptimized");
2016 } else if (!zeroed) {
2018 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, offset,
2019 true, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
2022 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
2026 /* Do zeroed write, buf is ignored */
2027 if (extent->has_zero_grain &&
2028 offset_in_cluster == 0 &&
2029 n_bytes >= extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
2030 n_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2031 if (!zero_dry_run && ret != VMDK_ZEROED) {
2032 /* update L2 tables */
2033 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data, VMDK_GTE_ZEROED)
2042 ret = vmdk_write_extent(extent, cluster_offset, offset_in_cluster,
2043 qiov, bytes_done, n_bytes, offset);
2047 if (m_data.new_allocation) {
2048 /* update L2 tables */
2049 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data,
2050 cluster_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
2058 bytes_done += n_bytes;
2060 /* update CID on the first write every time the virtual disk is
2062 if (!s->cid_updated) {
2063 ret = vmdk_write_cid(bs, g_random_int());
2067 s->cid_updated = true;
2073 static int coroutine_fn
2074 vmdk_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
2075 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
2078 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2079 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
2080 ret = vmdk_pwritev(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, false, false);
2081 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2085 static int coroutine_fn
2086 vmdk_co_pwritev_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
2087 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
2090 /* The caller will write bytes 0 to signal EOF.
2091 * When receive it, we align EOF to a sector boundary. */
2092 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2096 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2097 length = bdrv_getlength(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2101 length = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(length, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2102 ret = bdrv_truncate(s->extents[i].file, length, false,
2103 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, 0, NULL);
2110 return vmdk_co_pwritev(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, 0);
2113 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
2116 BdrvRequestFlags flags)
2119 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2121 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
2122 /* write zeroes could fail if sectors not aligned to cluster, test it with
2123 * dry_run == true before really updating image */
2124 ret = vmdk_pwritev(bs, offset, bytes, NULL, true, true);
2126 ret = vmdk_pwritev(bs, offset, bytes, NULL, true, false);
2128 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2132 static int vmdk_init_extent(BlockBackend *blk,
2133 int64_t filesize, bool flat,
2134 bool compress, bool zeroed_grain,
2139 uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_sectors, gt_size, gt_count;
2140 uint32_t *gd_buf = NULL;
2144 ret = blk_truncate(blk, filesize, false, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, 0, errp);
2147 magic = cpu_to_be32(VMDK4_MAGIC);
2148 memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
2151 } else if (zeroed_grain) {
2156 header.flags = VMDK4_FLAG_RGD | VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT
2157 | (compress ? VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS | VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER : 0)
2158 | (zeroed_grain ? VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN : 0);
2159 header.compressAlgorithm = compress ? VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE : 0;
2160 header.capacity = filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2161 header.granularity = 128;
2162 header.num_gtes_per_gt = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2164 grains = DIV_ROUND_UP(filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, header.granularity);
2165 gt_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(header.num_gtes_per_gt * sizeof(uint32_t),
2167 gt_count = DIV_ROUND_UP(grains, header.num_gtes_per_gt);
2168 gd_sectors = DIV_ROUND_UP(gt_count * sizeof(uint32_t), BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2170 header.desc_offset = 1;
2171 header.desc_size = 20;
2172 header.rgd_offset = header.desc_offset + header.desc_size;
2173 header.gd_offset = header.rgd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count);
2174 header.grain_offset =
2175 ROUND_UP(header.gd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count),
2176 header.granularity);
2177 /* swap endianness for all header fields */
2178 header.version = cpu_to_le32(header.version);
2179 header.flags = cpu_to_le32(header.flags);
2180 header.capacity = cpu_to_le64(header.capacity);
2181 header.granularity = cpu_to_le64(header.granularity);
2182 header.num_gtes_per_gt = cpu_to_le32(header.num_gtes_per_gt);
2183 header.desc_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_offset);
2184 header.desc_size = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_size);
2185 header.rgd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.rgd_offset);
2186 header.gd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.gd_offset);
2187 header.grain_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.grain_offset);
2188 header.compressAlgorithm = cpu_to_le16(header.compressAlgorithm);
2190 header.check_bytes[0] = 0xa;
2191 header.check_bytes[1] = 0x20;
2192 header.check_bytes[2] = 0xd;
2193 header.check_bytes[3] = 0xa;
2195 /* write all the data */
2196 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, 0, &magic, sizeof(magic), 0);
2198 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
2201 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header), 0);
2203 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
2207 ret = blk_truncate(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) << 9, false,
2208 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, 0, errp);
2213 /* write grain directory */
2214 gd_buf_size = gd_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2215 gd_buf = g_malloc0(gd_buf_size);
2216 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) + gd_sectors;
2217 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
2218 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
2220 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2221 gd_buf, gd_buf_size, 0);
2223 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
2227 /* write backup grain directory */
2228 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) + gd_sectors;
2229 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
2230 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
2232 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2233 gd_buf, gd_buf_size, 0);
2235 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
2244 static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
2245 bool flat, bool compress, bool zeroed_grain,
2247 QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2250 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
2252 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, errp);
2257 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
2258 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
2265 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true);
2267 ret = vmdk_init_extent(blk, filesize, flat, compress, zeroed_grain, errp);
2280 static int filename_decompose(const char *filename, char *path, char *prefix,
2281 char *postfix, size_t buf_len, Error **errp)
2285 if (filename == NULL || !strlen(filename)) {
2286 error_setg(errp, "No filename provided");
2289 p = strrchr(filename, '/');
2291 p = strrchr(filename, '\\');
2294 p = strrchr(filename, ':');
2298 if (p - filename >= buf_len) {
2301 pstrcpy(path, p - filename + 1, filename);
2306 q = strrchr(p, '.');
2308 pstrcpy(prefix, buf_len, p);
2311 if (q - p >= buf_len) {
2314 pstrcpy(prefix, q - p + 1, p);
2315 pstrcpy(postfix, buf_len, q);
2321 * idx == 0: get or create the descriptor file (also the image file if in a
2323 * idx >= 1: get the n-th extent if in a split subformat
2325 typedef BlockBackend *(*vmdk_create_extent_fn)(int64_t size,
2334 static void vmdk_desc_add_extent(GString *desc,
2335 const char *extent_line_fmt,
2336 int64_t size, const char *filename)
2338 char *basename = g_path_get_basename(filename);
2340 g_string_append_printf(desc, extent_line_fmt,
2341 DIV_ROUND_UP(size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE), basename);
2345 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_do_create(int64_t size,
2346 BlockdevVmdkSubformat subformat,
2347 BlockdevVmdkAdapterType adapter_type,
2348 const char *backing_file,
2349 const char *hw_version,
2352 vmdk_create_extent_fn extent_fn,
2357 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
2358 BlockBackend *extent_blk;
2359 Error *local_err = NULL;
2362 bool flat, split, compress;
2363 GString *ext_desc_lines;
2364 const int64_t split_size = 0x80000000; /* VMDK has constant split size */
2365 int64_t extent_size;
2366 int64_t created_size = 0;
2367 const char *extent_line_fmt;
2368 char *parent_desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
2369 uint32_t parent_cid = 0xffffffff;
2370 uint32_t number_heads = 16;
2371 uint32_t desc_offset = 0, desc_len;
2372 const char desc_template[] =
2373 "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
2376 "parentCID=%" PRIx32 "\n"
2377 "createType=\"%s\"\n"
2380 "# Extent description\n"
2383 "# The Disk Data Base\n"
2386 "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%s\"\n"
2387 "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
2388 "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%" PRIu32 "\"\n"
2389 "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
2390 "ddb.adapterType = \"%s\"\n";
2392 ext_desc_lines = g_string_new(NULL);
2394 /* Read out options */
2398 "compat6 cannot be enabled with hwversion set");
2408 if (adapter_type != BLOCKDEV_VMDK_ADAPTER_TYPE_IDE) {
2409 /* that's the number of heads with which vmware operates when
2410 creating, exporting, etc. vmdk files with a non-ide adapter type */
2413 split = (subformat == BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_TWOGBMAXEXTENTFLAT) ||
2414 (subformat == BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_TWOGBMAXEXTENTSPARSE);
2415 flat = (subformat == BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_MONOLITHICFLAT) ||
2416 (subformat == BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_TWOGBMAXEXTENTFLAT);
2417 compress = subformat == BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_STREAMOPTIMIZED;
2420 extent_line_fmt = "RW %" PRId64 " FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
2422 extent_line_fmt = "RW %" PRId64 " SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
2424 if (flat && backing_file) {
2425 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't have backing file");
2429 if (flat && zeroed_grain) {
2430 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't enable zeroed grain");
2435 /* Create extents */
2437 extent_size = split_size;
2441 if (!split && !flat) {
2442 created_size = extent_size;
2446 /* Get the descriptor file BDS */
2447 blk = extent_fn(created_size, 0, flat, split, compress, zeroed_grain,
2453 if (!split && !flat) {
2454 vmdk_desc_add_extent(ext_desc_lines, extent_line_fmt, created_size,
2455 blk_bs(blk)->filename);
2459 BlockBackend *backing;
2460 char *full_backing =
2461 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(blk_bs(blk)->filename,
2465 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2469 assert(full_backing);
2471 backing = blk_new_open(full_backing, NULL, NULL,
2472 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, errp);
2473 g_free(full_backing);
2474 if (backing == NULL) {
2478 if (strcmp(blk_bs(backing)->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
2479 error_setg(errp, "Invalid backing file format: %s. Must be vmdk",
2480 blk_bs(backing)->drv->format_name);
2485 ret = vmdk_read_cid(blk_bs(backing), 0, &parent_cid);
2488 error_setg(errp, "Failed to read parent CID");
2491 snprintf(parent_desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
2492 "parentFileNameHint=\"%s\"", backing_file);
2495 while (created_size < size) {
2496 int64_t cur_size = MIN(size - created_size, extent_size);
2497 extent_blk = extent_fn(cur_size, extent_idx, flat, split, compress,
2498 zeroed_grain, opaque, errp);
2503 vmdk_desc_add_extent(ext_desc_lines, extent_line_fmt, cur_size,
2504 blk_bs(extent_blk)->filename);
2505 created_size += cur_size;
2507 blk_unref(extent_blk);
2510 /* Check whether we got excess extents */
2511 extent_blk = extent_fn(-1, extent_idx, flat, split, compress, zeroed_grain,
2514 blk_unref(extent_blk);
2515 error_setg(errp, "List of extents contains unused extents");
2520 /* generate descriptor file */
2521 desc = g_strdup_printf(desc_template,
2524 BlockdevVmdkSubformat_str(subformat),
2526 ext_desc_lines->str,
2529 (int64_t)(63 * number_heads * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE),
2531 BlockdevVmdkAdapterType_str(adapter_type));
2532 desc_len = strlen(desc);
2533 /* the descriptor offset = 0x200 */
2534 if (!split && !flat) {
2535 desc_offset = 0x200;
2538 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, desc_offset, desc, desc_len, 0);
2540 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write description");
2543 /* bdrv_pwrite write padding zeros to align to sector, we don't need that
2544 * for description file */
2545 if (desc_offset == 0) {
2546 ret = blk_truncate(blk, desc_len, false, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, 0, errp);
2557 g_free(parent_desc_line);
2558 g_string_free(ext_desc_lines, true);
2567 } VMDKCreateOptsData;
2569 static BlockBackend *vmdk_co_create_opts_cb(int64_t size, int idx,
2570 bool flat, bool split, bool compress,
2571 bool zeroed_grain, void *opaque,
2574 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
2575 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
2576 VMDKCreateOptsData *data = opaque;
2577 char *ext_filename = NULL;
2578 char *rel_filename = NULL;
2580 /* We're done, don't create excess extents. */
2582 assert(errp == NULL);
2587 rel_filename = g_strdup_printf("%s%s", data->prefix, data->postfix);
2589 rel_filename = g_strdup_printf("%s-%c%03d%s",
2591 flat ? 'f' : 's', idx, data->postfix);
2594 rel_filename = g_strdup_printf("%s-flat%s", data->prefix, data->postfix);
2597 ext_filename = g_strdup_printf("%s%s", data->path, rel_filename);
2598 g_free(rel_filename);
2600 if (vmdk_create_extent(ext_filename, size,
2601 flat, compress, zeroed_grain, &blk, data->opts,
2607 g_free(ext_filename);
2611 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_create_opts(BlockDriver *drv,
2612 const char *filename,
2616 Error *local_err = NULL;
2618 int64_t total_size = 0;
2619 char *adapter_type = NULL;
2620 BlockdevVmdkAdapterType adapter_type_enum;
2621 char *backing_file = NULL;
2622 char *hw_version = NULL;
2624 BlockdevVmdkSubformat subformat;
2626 char *path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2627 char *prefix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2628 char *postfix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2629 char *desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
2630 char *ext_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2631 char *desc_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
2632 char *parent_desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
2635 VMDKCreateOptsData data;
2636 char *backing_fmt = NULL;
2638 backing_fmt = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT);
2639 if (backing_fmt && strcmp(backing_fmt, "vmdk") != 0) {
2640 error_setg(errp, "backing_file must be a vmdk image");
2645 if (filename_decompose(filename, path, prefix, postfix, PATH_MAX, errp)) {
2649 /* Read out options */
2650 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
2652 adapter_type = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE);
2653 backing_file = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
2654 hw_version = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_HWVERSION);
2655 compat6 = qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6, false);
2656 if (strcmp(hw_version, "undefined") == 0) {
2660 fmt = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT);
2661 zeroed_grain = qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN, false);
2664 adapter_type_enum = qapi_enum_parse(&BlockdevVmdkAdapterType_lookup,
2666 BLOCKDEV_VMDK_ADAPTER_TYPE_IDE,
2669 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2674 adapter_type_enum = BLOCKDEV_VMDK_ADAPTER_TYPE_IDE;
2678 /* Default format to monolithicSparse */
2679 subformat = BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_MONOLITHICSPARSE;
2681 subformat = qapi_enum_parse(&BlockdevVmdkSubformat_lookup,
2683 BLOCKDEV_VMDK_SUBFORMAT_MONOLITHICSPARSE,
2686 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2691 data = (VMDKCreateOptsData){
2697 ret = vmdk_co_do_create(total_size, subformat, adapter_type_enum,
2698 backing_file, hw_version, compat6, zeroed_grain,
2699 vmdk_co_create_opts_cb, &data, errp);
2702 g_free(backing_fmt);
2703 g_free(adapter_type);
2704 g_free(backing_file);
2712 g_free(ext_filename);
2713 g_free(desc_filename);
2714 g_free(parent_desc_line);
2718 static BlockBackend *vmdk_co_create_cb(int64_t size, int idx,
2719 bool flat, bool split, bool compress,
2720 bool zeroed_grain, void *opaque,
2724 BlockDriverState *bs;
2726 BlockdevCreateOptionsVmdk *opts = opaque;
2729 bs = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(opts->file, errp);
2732 BlockdevRefList *list = opts->extents;
2733 for (i = 1; i < idx; i++) {
2734 if (!list || !list->next) {
2735 error_setg(errp, "Extent [%d] not specified", i);
2741 error_setg(errp, "Extent [%d] not specified", idx - 1);
2744 bs = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(list->value, errp);
2749 blk = blk_new_with_bs(bs,
2750 BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE,
2751 BLK_PERM_ALL, errp);
2755 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true);
2759 ret = vmdk_init_extent(blk, size, flat, compress, zeroed_grain, errp);
2768 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_create(BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options,
2772 BlockdevCreateOptionsVmdk *opts;
2774 opts = &create_options->u.vmdk;
2776 /* Validate options */
2777 if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(opts->size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
2778 error_setg(errp, "Image size must be a multiple of 512 bytes");
2783 ret = vmdk_co_do_create(opts->size,
2798 static void vmdk_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
2800 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2802 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
2803 g_free(s->create_type);
2805 migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
2806 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
2809 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
2811 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2815 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2816 err = bdrv_co_flush(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2824 static int64_t vmdk_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
2829 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2831 ret = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file->bs);
2835 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2836 if (s->extents[i].file == bs->file) {
2839 r = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2848 static int vmdk_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
2851 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2853 /* If has a flat extent and its underlying storage doesn't have zero init,
2855 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2856 if (s->extents[i].flat) {
2857 if (!bdrv_has_zero_init(s->extents[i].file->bs)) {
2865 static ImageInfo *vmdk_get_extent_info(VmdkExtent *extent)
2867 ImageInfo *info = g_new0(ImageInfo, 1);
2869 bdrv_refresh_filename(extent->file->bs);
2870 *info = (ImageInfo){
2871 .filename = g_strdup(extent->file->bs->filename),
2872 .format = g_strdup(extent->type),
2873 .virtual_size = extent->sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2874 .compressed = extent->compressed,
2875 .has_compressed = extent->compressed,
2876 .cluster_size = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2877 .has_cluster_size = !extent->flat,
2883 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_check(BlockDriverState *bs,
2884 BdrvCheckResult *result,
2887 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2888 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
2889 int64_t sector_num = 0;
2890 int64_t total_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
2892 uint64_t cluster_offset;
2899 if (sector_num >= total_sectors) {
2902 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
2905 "ERROR: could not find extent for sector %" PRId64 "\n",
2910 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
2911 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2912 false, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
2913 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
2915 "ERROR: could not get cluster_offset for sector %"
2916 PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
2919 if (ret == VMDK_OK) {
2920 int64_t extent_len = bdrv_getlength(extent->file->bs);
2921 if (extent_len < 0) {
2923 "ERROR: could not get extent file length for sector %"
2924 PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
2928 if (cluster_offset >= extent_len) {
2930 "ERROR: cluster offset for sector %"
2931 PRId64 " points after EOF\n", sector_num);
2936 sector_num += extent->cluster_sectors;
2939 result->corruptions++;
2943 static ImageInfoSpecific *vmdk_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs,
2947 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2948 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecific, 1);
2949 ImageInfoList **next;
2951 *spec_info = (ImageInfoSpecific){
2952 .type = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_VMDK,
2954 .vmdk.data = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecificVmdk, 1),
2958 *spec_info->u.vmdk.data = (ImageInfoSpecificVmdk) {
2959 .create_type = g_strdup(s->create_type),
2961 .parent_cid = s->parent_cid,
2964 next = &spec_info->u.vmdk.data->extents;
2965 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2966 *next = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
2967 (*next)->value = vmdk_get_extent_info(&s->extents[i]);
2968 (*next)->next = NULL;
2969 next = &(*next)->next;
2975 static bool vmdk_extents_type_eq(const VmdkExtent *a, const VmdkExtent *b)
2977 return a->flat == b->flat &&
2978 a->compressed == b->compressed &&
2979 (a->flat || a->cluster_sectors == b->cluster_sectors);
2982 static int vmdk_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
2985 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2986 assert(s->num_extents);
2988 /* See if we have multiple extents but they have different cases */
2989 for (i = 1; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2990 if (!vmdk_extents_type_eq(&s->extents[0], &s->extents[i])) {
2994 bdi->needs_compressed_writes = s->extents[0].compressed;
2995 if (!s->extents[0].flat) {
2996 bdi->cluster_size = s->extents[0].cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
3001 static void vmdk_gather_child_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *target,
3002 bool backing_overridden)
3004 /* No children but file and backing can be explicitly specified (TODO) */
3005 qdict_put(target, "file",
3006 qobject_ref(bs->file->bs->full_open_options));
3008 if (backing_overridden) {
3010 qdict_put(target, "backing",
3011 qobject_ref(bs->backing->bs->full_open_options));
3013 qdict_put_null(target, "backing");
3018 static QemuOptsList vmdk_create_opts = {
3019 .name = "vmdk-create-opts",
3020 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vmdk_create_opts.head),
3023 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
3024 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
3025 .help = "Virtual disk size"
3028 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE,
3029 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3030 .help = "Virtual adapter type, can be one of "
3031 "ide (default), lsilogic, buslogic or legacyESX"
3034 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
3035 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3036 .help = "File name of a base image"
3039 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT,
3040 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3041 .help = "Must be 'vmdk' if present",
3044 .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6,
3045 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
3046 .help = "VMDK version 6 image",
3047 .def_value_str = "off"
3050 .name = BLOCK_OPT_HWVERSION,
3051 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3052 .help = "VMDK hardware version",
3053 .def_value_str = "undefined"
3056 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT,
3057 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3059 "VMDK flat extent format, can be one of "
3060 "{monolithicSparse (default) | monolithicFlat | twoGbMaxExtentSparse | twoGbMaxExtentFlat | streamOptimized} "
3063 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN,
3064 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
3065 .help = "Enable efficient zero writes "
3066 "using the zeroed-grain GTE feature"
3068 { /* end of list */ }
3072 static BlockDriver bdrv_vmdk = {
3073 .format_name = "vmdk",
3074 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVVmdkState),
3075 .bdrv_probe = vmdk_probe,
3076 .bdrv_open = vmdk_open,
3077 .bdrv_co_check = vmdk_co_check,
3078 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vmdk_reopen_prepare,
3079 .bdrv_child_perm = bdrv_default_perms,
3080 .bdrv_co_preadv = vmdk_co_preadv,
3081 .bdrv_co_pwritev = vmdk_co_pwritev,
3082 .bdrv_co_pwritev_compressed = vmdk_co_pwritev_compressed,
3083 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = vmdk_co_pwrite_zeroes,
3084 .bdrv_close = vmdk_close,
3085 .bdrv_co_create_opts = vmdk_co_create_opts,
3086 .bdrv_co_create = vmdk_co_create,
3087 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = vmdk_co_flush,
3088 .bdrv_co_block_status = vmdk_co_block_status,
3089 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size = vmdk_get_allocated_file_size,
3090 .bdrv_has_zero_init = vmdk_has_zero_init,
3091 .bdrv_get_specific_info = vmdk_get_specific_info,
3092 .bdrv_refresh_limits = vmdk_refresh_limits,
3093 .bdrv_get_info = vmdk_get_info,
3094 .bdrv_gather_child_options = vmdk_gather_child_options,
3097 .supports_backing = true,
3098 .create_opts = &vmdk_create_opts,
3101 static void bdrv_vmdk_init(void)
3103 bdrv_register(&bdrv_vmdk);
3106 block_init(bdrv_vmdk_init);