2 * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
4 * Copyright (C) 2009-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
5 * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
7 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
8 * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
12 #include "qapi/error.h"
14 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
15 #include "block/block.h"
16 #include "block/block_int.h" /* for info_f() */
17 #include "block/qapi.h"
18 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
19 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
20 #include "qemu/timer.h"
21 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
23 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK 0x01
27 static cmdinfo_t *cmdtab;
30 static int compare_cmdname(const void *a, const void *b)
32 return strcmp(((const cmdinfo_t *)a)->name,
33 ((const cmdinfo_t *)b)->name);
36 void qemuio_add_command(const cmdinfo_t *ci)
38 /* ci->perm assumes a file is open, but the GLOBAL and NOFILE_OK
39 * flags allow it not to be, so that combination is invalid.
40 * Catch it now rather than letting it manifest as a crash if a
41 * particular set of command line options are used.
43 assert(ci->perm == 0 ||
44 (ci->flags & (CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL | CMD_NOFILE_OK)) == 0);
45 cmdtab = g_renew(cmdinfo_t, cmdtab, ++ncmds);
46 cmdtab[ncmds - 1] = *ci;
47 qsort(cmdtab, ncmds, sizeof(*cmdtab), compare_cmdname);
50 int qemuio_command_usage(const cmdinfo_t *ci)
52 printf("%s %s -- %s\n", ci->name, ci->args, ci->oneline);
56 static int init_check_command(BlockBackend *blk, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
58 if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
61 if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !blk) {
62 fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
68 static int command(BlockBackend *blk, const cmdinfo_t *ct, int argc,
73 if (!init_check_command(blk, ct)) {
77 if (argc - 1 < ct->argmin || (ct->argmax != -1 && argc - 1 > ct->argmax)) {
78 if (ct->argmax == -1) {
80 "bad argument count %d to %s, expected at least %d arguments\n",
81 argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin);
82 } else if (ct->argmin == ct->argmax) {
84 "bad argument count %d to %s, expected %d arguments\n",
85 argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin);
88 "bad argument count %d to %s, expected between %d and %d arguments\n",
89 argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin, ct->argmax);
94 /* Request additional permissions if necessary for this command. The caller
95 * is responsible for restoring the original permissions afterwards if this
96 * is what it wants. */
97 if (ct->perm && blk_is_available(blk)) {
98 uint64_t orig_perm, orig_shared_perm;
99 blk_get_perm(blk, &orig_perm, &orig_shared_perm);
101 if (ct->perm & ~orig_perm) {
103 Error *local_err = NULL;
106 new_perm = orig_perm | ct->perm;
108 ret = blk_set_perm(blk, new_perm, orig_shared_perm, &local_err);
110 error_report_err(local_err);
117 return ct->cfunc(blk, argc, argv);
120 static const cmdinfo_t *find_command(const char *cmd)
124 for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
125 if (strcmp(ct->name, cmd) == 0 ||
126 (ct->altname && strcmp(ct->altname, cmd) == 0))
128 return (const cmdinfo_t *)ct;
134 /* Invoke fn() for commands with a matching prefix */
135 void qemuio_complete_command(const char *input,
136 void (*fn)(const char *cmd, void *opaque),
140 size_t input_len = strlen(input);
142 for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
143 if (strncmp(input, ct->name, input_len) == 0) {
144 fn(ct->name, opaque);
149 static char **breakline(char *input, int *count)
153 char **rval = g_new0(char *, 1);
155 while (rval && (p = qemu_strsep(&input, " ")) != NULL) {
160 rval = g_renew(char *, rval, (c + 1));
168 static int64_t cvtnum(const char *s)
173 err = qemu_strtosz(s, NULL, &value);
177 if (value > INT64_MAX) {
183 static void print_cvtnum_err(int64_t rc, const char *arg)
187 printf("Parsing error: non-numeric argument,"
188 " or extraneous/unrecognized suffix -- %s\n", arg);
191 printf("Parsing error: argument too large -- %s\n", arg);
194 printf("Parsing error: %s\n", arg);
198 #define EXABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 60)
199 #define PETABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 50)
200 #define TERABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 40)
201 #define GIGABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 30)
202 #define MEGABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 20)
203 #define KILOBYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 10)
205 #define TO_EXABYTES(x) ((x) / EXABYTES(1))
206 #define TO_PETABYTES(x) ((x) / PETABYTES(1))
207 #define TO_TERABYTES(x) ((x) / TERABYTES(1))
208 #define TO_GIGABYTES(x) ((x) / GIGABYTES(1))
209 #define TO_MEGABYTES(x) ((x) / MEGABYTES(1))
210 #define TO_KILOBYTES(x) ((x) / KILOBYTES(1))
212 static void cvtstr(double value, char *str, size_t size)
217 if (value >= EXABYTES(1)) {
219 snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_EXABYTES(value));
220 } else if (value >= PETABYTES(1)) {
222 snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_PETABYTES(value));
223 } else if (value >= TERABYTES(1)) {
225 snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_TERABYTES(value));
226 } else if (value >= GIGABYTES(1)) {
228 snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_GIGABYTES(value));
229 } else if (value >= MEGABYTES(1)) {
231 snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_MEGABYTES(value));
232 } else if (value >= KILOBYTES(1)) {
234 snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_KILOBYTES(value));
237 snprintf(str, size - 6, "%f", value);
240 trim = strstr(str, ".000");
242 strcpy(trim, suffix);
250 static struct timeval tsub(struct timeval t1, struct timeval t2)
252 t1.tv_usec -= t2.tv_usec;
253 if (t1.tv_usec < 0) {
254 t1.tv_usec += 1000000;
257 t1.tv_sec -= t2.tv_sec;
261 static double tdiv(double value, struct timeval tv)
263 return value / ((double)tv.tv_sec + ((double)tv.tv_usec / 1000000.0));
266 #define HOURS(sec) ((sec) / (60 * 60))
267 #define MINUTES(sec) (((sec) % (60 * 60)) / 60)
268 #define SECONDS(sec) ((sec) % 60)
272 TERSE_FIXED_TIME = 0x1,
273 VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME = 0x2,
276 static void timestr(struct timeval *tv, char *ts, size_t size, int format)
278 double usec = (double)tv->tv_usec / 1000000.0;
280 if (format & TERSE_FIXED_TIME) {
281 if (!HOURS(tv->tv_sec)) {
282 snprintf(ts, size, "%u:%02u.%02u",
283 (unsigned int) MINUTES(tv->tv_sec),
284 (unsigned int) SECONDS(tv->tv_sec),
285 (unsigned int) (usec * 100));
288 format |= VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME; /* fallback if hours needed */
291 if ((format & VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME) || tv->tv_sec) {
292 snprintf(ts, size, "%u:%02u:%02u.%02u",
293 (unsigned int) HOURS(tv->tv_sec),
294 (unsigned int) MINUTES(tv->tv_sec),
295 (unsigned int) SECONDS(tv->tv_sec),
296 (unsigned int) (usec * 100));
298 snprintf(ts, size, "0.%04u sec", (unsigned int) (usec * 10000));
303 * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
305 * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
306 * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
308 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
313 pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
314 if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
315 printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
323 * Memory allocation helpers.
325 * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
326 * that is specified on the command line.
329 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET 16
330 static void *qemu_io_alloc(BlockBackend *blk, size_t len, int pattern)
334 if (qemuio_misalign) {
335 len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
337 buf = blk_blockalign(blk, len);
338 memset(buf, pattern, len);
339 if (qemuio_misalign) {
340 buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
345 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
347 if (qemuio_misalign) {
348 p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
353 static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int64_t len)
359 for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
360 const uint8_t *s = p;
362 printf("%08" PRIx64 ": ", offset + i);
363 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
367 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
378 static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
379 int64_t count, int64_t total, int cnt, bool Cflag)
381 char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
383 timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
385 cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
386 cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
387 printf("%s %"PRId64"/%"PRId64" bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
388 op, total, count, offset);
389 printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
390 s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
391 } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
392 printf("%"PRId64",%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
394 tdiv((double)total, *t),
395 tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
400 * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
401 * vector matching it.
404 create_iovec(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov,
407 size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
413 for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
419 print_cvtnum_err(len, arg);
423 if (len > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
424 printf("Argument '%s' exceeds maximum size %" PRIu64 "\n", arg,
425 (uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES);
429 if (count > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES - len) {
430 printf("The total number of bytes exceed the maximum size %" PRIu64
431 "\n", (uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES);
439 qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
441 buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(blk, count, pattern);
443 for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
444 qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
453 static int do_pread(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
454 int64_t count, int64_t *total)
456 if (count > INT_MAX) {
460 *total = blk_pread(blk, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
467 static int do_pwrite(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
468 int64_t count, int flags, int64_t *total)
470 if (count > INT_MAX) {
474 *total = blk_pwrite(blk, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count, flags);
491 static void coroutine_fn co_pwrite_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
493 CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
495 data->ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(data->blk, data->offset, data->count,
499 *data->total = data->ret;
503 *data->total = data->count;
506 static int do_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset,
507 int64_t count, int flags, int64_t *total)
510 CoWriteZeroes data = {
519 if (count > INT_MAX) {
523 co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_pwrite_zeroes_entry, &data);
524 bdrv_coroutine_enter(blk_bs(blk), co);
526 aio_poll(blk_get_aio_context(blk), true);
535 static int do_write_compressed(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
536 int64_t count, int64_t *total)
540 if (count >> 9 > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS) {
544 ret = blk_pwrite_compressed(blk, offset, buf, count);
552 static int do_load_vmstate(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
553 int64_t count, int64_t *total)
555 if (count > INT_MAX) {
559 *total = blk_load_vmstate(blk, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
566 static int do_save_vmstate(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
567 int64_t count, int64_t *total)
569 if (count > INT_MAX) {
573 *total = blk_save_vmstate(blk, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
580 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
581 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
583 *(int *)opaque = ret;
586 static int do_aio_readv(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
587 int64_t offset, int *total)
589 int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
591 blk_aio_preadv(blk, offset, qiov, 0, aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
592 while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
593 main_loop_wait(false);
597 return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
600 static int do_aio_writev(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
601 int64_t offset, int flags, int *total)
603 int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
605 blk_aio_pwritev(blk, offset, qiov, flags, aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
606 while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
607 main_loop_wait(false);
611 return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
614 static void read_help(void)
618 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
621 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
623 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
624 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
625 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
626 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
627 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
628 " -p, -- ignored for backwards compatibility\n"
629 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
630 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
631 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
632 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
636 static int read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
638 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
644 .args = "[-abCqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
645 .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
649 static int read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
651 struct timeval t1, t2;
652 bool Cflag = false, qflag = false, vflag = false;
653 bool Pflag = false, sflag = false, lflag = false, bflag = false;
658 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
661 int64_t pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
663 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != -1) {
673 pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
674 if (pattern_count < 0) {
675 print_cvtnum_err(pattern_count, optarg);
680 /* Ignored for backwards compatibility */
684 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
694 pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
695 if (pattern_offset < 0) {
696 print_cvtnum_err(pattern_offset, optarg);
704 return qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
708 if (optind != argc - 2) {
709 return qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
712 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
714 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
719 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
721 print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
723 } else if (count > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
724 printf("length cannot exceed %" PRIu64 ", given %s\n",
725 (uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES, argv[optind]);
729 if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
730 return qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
734 pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
737 if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count)) {
738 printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
743 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
744 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
749 printf("count %"PRId64" is not sector aligned\n",
755 buf = qemu_io_alloc(blk, count, 0xab);
757 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
759 cnt = do_load_vmstate(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
761 cnt = do_pread(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
763 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
766 printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
771 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
772 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
773 if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
774 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
775 PRId64 ", %"PRId64" bytes\n",
776 offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
786 dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
789 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
791 print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
799 static void readv_help(void)
803 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
806 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
808 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
809 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
810 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
811 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
812 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
813 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
814 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
818 static int readv_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
820 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
825 .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
826 .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
830 static int readv_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
832 struct timeval t1, t2;
833 bool Cflag = false, qflag = false, vflag = false;
837 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
844 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != -1) {
851 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
863 return qemuio_command_usage(&readv_cmd);
867 if (optind > argc - 2) {
868 return qemuio_command_usage(&readv_cmd);
872 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
874 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
879 nr_iov = argc - optind;
880 buf = create_iovec(blk, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
885 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
886 cnt = do_aio_readv(blk, &qiov, offset, &total);
887 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
890 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
895 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
896 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
897 if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
898 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
899 PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
909 dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
912 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
914 print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
917 qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
922 static void write_help(void)
926 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
929 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
931 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
932 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
933 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
934 " -c, -- write compressed data with blk_write_compressed\n"
935 " -f, -- use Force Unit Access semantics\n"
936 " -p, -- ignored for backwards compatibility\n"
937 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
938 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
939 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
940 " -u, -- with -z, allow unmapping\n"
941 " -z, -- write zeroes using blk_co_pwrite_zeroes\n"
945 static int write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
947 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
951 .perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
954 .args = "[-bcCfquz] [-P pattern] off len",
955 .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
959 static int write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
961 struct timeval t1, t2;
962 bool Cflag = false, qflag = false, bflag = false;
963 bool Pflag = false, zflag = false, cflag = false;
969 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
973 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bcCfpP:quz")) != -1) {
985 flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
988 /* Ignored for backwards compatibility */
992 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1001 flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
1007 return qemuio_command_usage(&write_cmd);
1011 if (optind != argc - 2) {
1012 return qemuio_command_usage(&write_cmd);
1015 if (bflag && zflag) {
1016 printf("-b and -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
1020 if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) && (bflag || cflag)) {
1021 printf("-f and -b or -c cannot be specified at the same time\n");
1025 if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP) && !zflag) {
1026 printf("-u requires -z to be specified\n");
1030 if (zflag && Pflag) {
1031 printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
1035 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1037 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
1042 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1044 print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
1046 } else if (count > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
1047 printf("length cannot exceed %" PRIu64 ", given %s\n",
1048 (uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES, argv[optind]);
1052 if (bflag || cflag) {
1053 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1054 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1059 if (count & 0x1ff) {
1060 printf("count %"PRId64" is not sector aligned\n",
1067 buf = qemu_io_alloc(blk, count, pattern);
1070 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1072 cnt = do_save_vmstate(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
1074 cnt = do_co_pwrite_zeroes(blk, offset, count, flags, &total);
1076 cnt = do_write_compressed(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
1078 cnt = do_pwrite(blk, buf, offset, count, flags, &total);
1080 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1083 printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1091 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1093 print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
1108 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
1111 " 'writev 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1113 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1114 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1115 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1116 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1117 " -f, -- use Force Unit Access semantics\n"
1118 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1122 static int writev_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
1124 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
1127 .perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
1130 .args = "[-Cfq] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
1131 .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1132 .help = writev_help,
1135 static int writev_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1137 struct timeval t1, t2;
1138 bool Cflag = false, qflag = false;
1143 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
1149 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CfqP:")) != -1) {
1155 flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
1161 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1167 return qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1171 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1172 return qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1175 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1177 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
1182 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1183 buf = create_iovec(blk, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1188 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1189 cnt = do_aio_writev(blk, &qiov, offset, flags, &total);
1190 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1193 printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1201 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1203 print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
1205 qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
1220 BlockAcctCookie acct;
1225 static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1227 struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1230 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1234 printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1235 block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
1239 block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
1245 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1246 t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1247 print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1248 ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1251 qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1252 qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1257 static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1259 struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1262 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1265 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1266 block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
1271 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
1273 memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
1274 if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
1275 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
1276 PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1281 block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
1288 dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1291 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1292 t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1293 print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1294 ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1296 qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1297 qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1301 static void aio_read_help(void)
1305 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1308 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1310 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
1311 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
1312 " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1313 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1314 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1315 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
1316 " -i, -- treat request as invalid, for exercising stats\n"
1317 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
1318 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1322 static int aio_read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
1324 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
1326 .cfunc = aio_read_f,
1329 .args = "[-Ciqv] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
1330 .oneline = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
1331 .help = aio_read_help,
1334 static int aio_read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1337 struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1340 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:iqv")) != -1) {
1347 ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1348 if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
1354 printf("injecting invalid read request\n");
1355 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
1366 return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1370 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1372 return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1375 ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1376 if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1377 print_cvtnum_err(ctx->offset, argv[optind]);
1383 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1384 ctx->buf = create_iovec(blk, &ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
1385 if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1386 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
1391 gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1392 block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(blk), &ctx->acct, ctx->qiov.size,
1394 blk_aio_preadv(blk, ctx->offset, &ctx->qiov, 0, aio_read_done, ctx);
1398 static void aio_write_help(void)
1402 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
1403 " from multiple buffers\n"
1406 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1408 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1409 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1410 " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1411 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1412 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1413 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1414 " -f, -- use Force Unit Access semantics\n"
1415 " -i, -- treat request as invalid, for exercising stats\n"
1416 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1417 " -u, -- with -z, allow unmapping\n"
1418 " -z, -- write zeroes using blk_aio_pwrite_zeroes\n"
1422 static int aio_write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
1424 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1425 .name = "aio_write",
1426 .cfunc = aio_write_f,
1427 .perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
1430 .args = "[-Cfiquz] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
1431 .oneline = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1432 .help = aio_write_help,
1435 static int aio_write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1439 struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1443 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CfiqP:uz")) != -1) {
1449 flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
1455 flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
1458 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1465 printf("injecting invalid write request\n");
1466 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE);
1474 return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1478 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1480 return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1483 if (ctx->zflag && optind != argc - 2) {
1484 printf("-z supports only a single length parameter\n");
1489 if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP) && !ctx->zflag) {
1490 printf("-u requires -z to be specified\n");
1495 if (ctx->zflag && ctx->Pflag) {
1496 printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
1501 ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1502 if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1503 print_cvtnum_err(ctx->offset, argv[optind]);
1510 int64_t count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1512 print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
1517 ctx->qiov.size = count;
1518 blk_aio_pwrite_zeroes(blk, ctx->offset, count, flags, aio_write_done,
1521 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1522 ctx->buf = create_iovec(blk, &ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov,
1524 if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1525 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE);
1530 gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1531 block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(blk), &ctx->acct, ctx->qiov.size,
1534 blk_aio_pwritev(blk, ctx->offset, &ctx->qiov, flags, aio_write_done,
1540 static int aio_flush_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1542 BlockAcctCookie cookie;
1543 block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(blk), &cookie, 0, BLOCK_ACCT_FLUSH);
1545 block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(blk), &cookie);
1549 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1550 .name = "aio_flush",
1551 .cfunc = aio_flush_f,
1552 .oneline = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
1555 static int flush_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1561 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1565 .oneline = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1568 static int truncate_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1573 offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1575 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[1]);
1579 ret = blk_truncate(blk, offset);
1581 printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1588 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1591 .cfunc = truncate_f,
1592 .perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE,
1596 .oneline = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1599 static int length_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1604 size = blk_getlength(blk);
1606 printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
1610 cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1616 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1620 .oneline = "gets the length of the current file",
1624 static int info_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1626 BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
1627 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1628 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info;
1629 char s1[64], s2[64];
1632 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
1633 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1635 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
1636 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1639 ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1644 cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1645 cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1647 printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1648 printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1650 spec_info = bdrv_get_specific_info(bs);
1652 printf("Format specific information:\n");
1653 bdrv_image_info_specific_dump(fprintf, stdout, spec_info);
1654 qapi_free_ImageInfoSpecific(spec_info);
1662 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1666 .oneline = "prints information about the current file",
1669 static void discard_help(void)
1673 " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1676 " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1678 " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
1679 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1680 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1684 static int discard_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
1686 static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
1690 .perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
1693 .args = "[-Cq] off len",
1694 .oneline = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1695 .help = discard_help,
1698 static int discard_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1700 struct timeval t1, t2;
1701 bool Cflag = false, qflag = false;
1703 int64_t offset, count;
1705 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
1714 return qemuio_command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1718 if (optind != argc - 2) {
1719 return qemuio_command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1722 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1724 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
1729 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1731 print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
1733 } else if (count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS) {
1734 printf("length cannot exceed %"PRIu64", given %s\n",
1735 (uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1740 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1741 ret = blk_pdiscard(blk, offset, count);
1742 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1745 printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1749 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1752 print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag);
1759 static int alloc_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1761 BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
1762 int64_t offset, sector_num, nb_sectors, remaining;
1767 offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1769 print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[1]);
1771 } else if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1772 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1778 nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1779 if (nb_sectors < 0) {
1780 print_cvtnum_err(nb_sectors, argv[2]);
1782 } else if (nb_sectors > INT_MAX) {
1783 printf("length argument cannot exceed %d, given %s\n",
1791 remaining = nb_sectors;
1793 sector_num = offset >> 9;
1795 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, remaining, &num);
1797 printf("is_allocated failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1806 nb_sectors -= remaining;
1811 cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1813 printf("%"PRId64"/%"PRId64" sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1814 sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1818 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1824 .args = "off [sectors]",
1825 .oneline = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1829 static int map_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1830 int64_t nb_sectors, int64_t *pnum)
1832 int num, num_checked;
1835 num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1836 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, num_checked, &num);
1844 while (nb_sectors > 0 && ret == firstret) {
1848 num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1849 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, num_checked, &num);
1850 if (ret == firstret && num) {
1860 static int map_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1863 int64_t nb_sectors, total_sectors;
1870 total_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk);
1871 if (total_sectors < 0) {
1872 error_report("Failed to query image length: %s",
1873 strerror(-total_sectors));
1877 nb_sectors = total_sectors;
1880 ret = map_is_allocated(blk_bs(blk), offset, nb_sectors, &num);
1882 error_report("Failed to get allocation status: %s", strerror(-ret));
1885 error_report("Unexpected end of image");
1889 retstr = ret ? " allocated" : "not allocated";
1890 cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1));
1891 printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8" PRId64 "/% 8" PRId64 " sectors %s "
1892 "at offset %s (%d)\n",
1893 offset << 9ULL, num, nb_sectors, retstr, s1, ret);
1897 } while (offset < total_sectors);
1902 static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
1908 .oneline = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
1911 static void reopen_help(void)
1915 " Changes the open options of an already opened image\n"
1918 " 'reopen -o lazy-refcounts=on' - activates lazy refcount writeback on a qcow2 image\n"
1920 " -r, -- Reopen the image read-only\n"
1921 " -c, -- Change the cache mode to the given value\n"
1922 " -o, -- Changes block driver options (cf. 'open' command)\n"
1926 static int reopen_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
1928 static QemuOptsList reopen_opts = {
1930 .merge_lists = true,
1931 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(reopen_opts.head),
1933 /* no elements => accept any params */
1934 { /* end of list */ }
1938 static const cmdinfo_t reopen_cmd = {
1943 .args = "[-r] [-c cache] [-o options]",
1944 .oneline = "reopens an image with new options",
1945 .help = reopen_help,
1948 static int reopen_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
1950 BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
1954 int flags = bs->open_flags;
1955 bool writethrough = !blk_enable_write_cache(blk);
1957 BlockReopenQueue *brq;
1958 Error *local_err = NULL;
1960 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:o:r")) != -1) {
1963 if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
1964 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
1969 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&reopen_opts, optarg, 0)) {
1970 qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
1975 flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
1978 qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
1979 return qemuio_command_usage(&reopen_cmd);
1983 if (optind != argc) {
1984 qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
1985 return qemuio_command_usage(&reopen_cmd);
1988 if (writethrough != blk_enable_write_cache(blk) &&
1989 blk_get_attached_dev(blk))
1991 error_report("Cannot change cache.writeback: Device attached");
1992 qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
1996 qopts = qemu_opts_find(&reopen_opts, NULL);
1997 opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
1998 qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
2000 brq = bdrv_reopen_queue(NULL, bs, opts, flags);
2001 bdrv_reopen_multiple(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), brq, &local_err);
2003 error_report_err(local_err);
2005 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
2011 static int break_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2015 ret = bdrv_debug_breakpoint(blk_bs(blk), argv[1], argv[2]);
2017 printf("Could not set breakpoint: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2023 static int remove_break_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2027 ret = bdrv_debug_remove_breakpoint(blk_bs(blk), argv[1]);
2029 printf("Could not remove breakpoint %s: %s\n", argv[1], strerror(-ret));
2035 static const cmdinfo_t break_cmd = {
2040 .args = "event tag",
2041 .oneline = "sets a breakpoint on event and tags the stopped "
2045 static const cmdinfo_t remove_break_cmd = {
2046 .name = "remove_break",
2049 .cfunc = remove_break_f,
2051 .oneline = "remove a breakpoint by tag",
2054 static int resume_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2058 ret = bdrv_debug_resume(blk_bs(blk), argv[1]);
2060 printf("Could not resume request: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2066 static const cmdinfo_t resume_cmd = {
2072 .oneline = "resumes the request tagged as tag",
2075 static int wait_break_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2077 while (!bdrv_debug_is_suspended(blk_bs(blk), argv[1])) {
2078 aio_poll(blk_get_aio_context(blk), true);
2084 static const cmdinfo_t wait_break_cmd = {
2085 .name = "wait_break",
2088 .cfunc = wait_break_f,
2090 .oneline = "waits for the suspension of a request",
2093 static int abort_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2098 static const cmdinfo_t abort_cmd = {
2101 .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
2102 .oneline = "simulate a program crash using abort(3)",
2105 static void sigraise_help(void)
2109 " raises the given signal\n"
2112 " 'sigraise %i' - raises SIGTERM\n"
2114 " Invokes raise(signal), where \"signal\" is the mandatory integer argument\n"
2115 " given to sigraise.\n"
2119 static int sigraise_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
2121 static const cmdinfo_t sigraise_cmd = {
2123 .cfunc = sigraise_f,
2126 .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
2128 .oneline = "raises a signal",
2129 .help = sigraise_help,
2132 static int sigraise_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2134 int64_t sig = cvtnum(argv[1]);
2136 print_cvtnum_err(sig, argv[1]);
2138 } else if (sig > NSIG) {
2139 printf("signal argument '%s' is too large to be a valid signal\n",
2144 /* Using raise() to kill this process does not necessarily flush all open
2145 * streams. At least stdout and stderr (although the latter should be
2146 * non-buffered anyway) should be flushed, though. */
2154 static void sleep_cb(void *opaque)
2156 bool *expired = opaque;
2160 static int sleep_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2164 struct QEMUTimer *timer;
2165 bool expired = false;
2167 ms = strtol(argv[1], &endptr, 0);
2168 if (ms < 0 || *endptr != '\0') {
2169 printf("%s is not a valid number\n", argv[1]);
2173 timer = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST, sleep_cb, &expired);
2174 timer_mod(timer, qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST) + SCALE_MS * ms);
2177 main_loop_wait(false);
2185 static const cmdinfo_t sleep_cmd = {
2190 .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
2191 .oneline = "waits for the given value in milliseconds",
2194 static void help_oneline(const char *cmd, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
2199 printf("%s ", ct->name);
2201 printf("(or %s) ", ct->altname);
2206 printf("%s ", ct->args);
2208 printf("-- %s\n", ct->oneline);
2211 static void help_onecmd(const char *cmd, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
2213 help_oneline(cmd, ct);
2219 static void help_all(void)
2221 const cmdinfo_t *ct;
2223 for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
2224 help_oneline(ct->name, ct);
2226 printf("\nUse 'help commandname' for extended help.\n");
2229 static int help_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
2231 const cmdinfo_t *ct;
2238 ct = find_command(argv[1]);
2240 printf("command %s not found\n", argv[1]);
2244 help_onecmd(argv[1], ct);
2248 static const cmdinfo_t help_cmd = {
2254 .flags = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
2255 .args = "[command]",
2256 .oneline = "help for one or all commands",
2259 bool qemuio_command(BlockBackend *blk, const char *cmd)
2263 const cmdinfo_t *ct;
2268 input = g_strdup(cmd);
2269 v = breakline(input, &c);
2271 ct = find_command(v[0]);
2273 ctx = blk ? blk_get_aio_context(blk) : qemu_get_aio_context();
2274 aio_context_acquire(ctx);
2275 done = command(blk, ct, c, v);
2276 aio_context_release(ctx);
2278 fprintf(stderr, "command \"%s\" not found\n", v[0]);
2287 static void __attribute((constructor)) init_qemuio_commands(void)
2289 /* initialize commands */
2290 qemuio_add_command(&help_cmd);
2291 qemuio_add_command(&read_cmd);
2292 qemuio_add_command(&readv_cmd);
2293 qemuio_add_command(&write_cmd);
2294 qemuio_add_command(&writev_cmd);
2295 qemuio_add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
2296 qemuio_add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
2297 qemuio_add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
2298 qemuio_add_command(&flush_cmd);
2299 qemuio_add_command(&truncate_cmd);
2300 qemuio_add_command(&length_cmd);
2301 qemuio_add_command(&info_cmd);
2302 qemuio_add_command(&discard_cmd);
2303 qemuio_add_command(&alloc_cmd);
2304 qemuio_add_command(&map_cmd);
2305 qemuio_add_command(&reopen_cmd);
2306 qemuio_add_command(&break_cmd);
2307 qemuio_add_command(&remove_break_cmd);
2308 qemuio_add_command(&resume_cmd);
2309 qemuio_add_command(&wait_break_cmd);
2310 qemuio_add_command(&abort_cmd);
2311 qemuio_add_command(&sleep_cmd);
2312 qemuio_add_command(&sigraise_cmd);