2 * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
4 * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
5 * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
7 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
8 * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11 #include <sys/types.h>
17 #include "qemu-common.h"
18 #include "main-loop.h"
19 #include "block_int.h"
21 #include "trace/control.h"
23 #define VERSION "0.0.1"
25 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK 0x01
28 static BlockDriverState *bs;
33 * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
35 * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
36 * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
38 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
43 pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
44 if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
45 printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
53 * Memory allocation helpers.
55 * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
56 * that is specified on the command line.
59 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET 16
60 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern)
65 len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
67 buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, len);
68 memset(buf, pattern, len);
70 buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
75 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
83 static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
88 for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
91 printf("%08" PRIx64 ": ", offset + i);
92 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
96 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
107 static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
108 int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
110 char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
112 timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
114 cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
115 cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
116 printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
117 op, total, count, offset);
118 printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
119 s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
120 } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
121 printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
123 tdiv((double)total, *t),
124 tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
129 * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
130 * vector matching it.
133 create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
135 size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
141 for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
147 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
151 /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
153 printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
158 printf("length argument %" PRId64
159 " is not sector aligned\n", len);
167 qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
169 buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
171 for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
172 qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
181 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
185 ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
193 static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
197 ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
205 static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
207 *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
214 static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
216 *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
231 static void coroutine_fn co_write_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
233 CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
235 data->ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(bs, data->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
236 data->count / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
239 *data->total = data->ret;
243 *data->total = data->count;
246 static int do_co_write_zeroes(int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
249 CoWriteZeroes data = {
256 co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_write_zeroes_entry);
257 qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
268 static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
270 *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
277 static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
279 *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
286 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
287 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
289 *(int *)opaque = ret;
292 static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
294 int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
296 bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
297 aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
298 while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
299 main_loop_wait(false);
303 return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
306 static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
308 int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
310 bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
311 aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
312 while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
313 main_loop_wait(false);
317 return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
320 struct multiwrite_async_ret {
325 static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
327 struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque;
329 async_ret->num_done++;
331 async_ret->error = ret;
335 static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockRequest* reqs, int num_reqs, int *total)
338 struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = {
344 for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) {
345 reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb;
346 reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret;
347 *total += reqs[i].qiov->size;
350 ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs);
355 while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) {
356 main_loop_wait(false);
359 return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1;
362 static void read_help(void)
366 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
369 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
371 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
372 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
373 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
374 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
375 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
376 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
377 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
378 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
379 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
380 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
384 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv);
386 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
392 .args = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
393 .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
397 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv)
399 struct timeval t1, t2;
400 int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
401 int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
406 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
408 int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
410 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
420 pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
421 if (pattern_count < 0) {
422 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
431 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
441 pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
442 if (pattern_offset < 0) {
443 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
451 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
455 if (optind != argc - 2) {
456 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
459 if (bflag && pflag) {
460 printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
464 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
466 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
471 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
473 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
477 if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
478 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
482 pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
485 if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count)) {
486 printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
491 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
492 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
497 printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
503 buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
505 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
507 cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
509 cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
511 cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
513 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
516 printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
521 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
522 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
523 if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
524 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
525 PRId64 ", %d bytes\n",
526 offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
536 dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
539 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
541 print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
549 static void readv_help(void)
553 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
556 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
558 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
559 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
560 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
561 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
562 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
563 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
564 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
568 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv);
570 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
575 .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
576 .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
580 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
582 struct timeval t1, t2;
583 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
587 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
594 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
601 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
613 return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
617 if (optind > argc - 2) {
618 return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
622 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
624 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
629 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
630 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
635 nr_iov = argc - optind;
636 buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
641 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
642 cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
643 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
646 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
651 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
652 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
653 if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
654 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
655 PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
665 dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
668 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
670 print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
677 static void write_help(void)
681 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
684 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
686 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
687 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
688 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
689 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
690 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
691 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
692 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
693 " -z, -- write zeroes using bdrv_co_write_zeroes\n"
697 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv);
699 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
705 .args = "[-bCpqz] [-P pattern ] off len",
706 .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
710 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv)
712 struct timeval t1, t2;
713 int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0, Pflag = 0, zflag = 0;
718 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
722 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:qz")) != EOF) {
735 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
747 return command_usage(&write_cmd);
751 if (optind != argc - 2) {
752 return command_usage(&write_cmd);
755 if (bflag + pflag + zflag > 1) {
756 printf("-b, -p, or -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
760 if (zflag && Pflag) {
761 printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
765 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
767 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
772 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
774 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
779 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
780 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
786 printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
793 buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
796 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
798 cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
800 cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
802 cnt = do_co_write_zeroes(offset, count, &total);
804 cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
806 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
809 printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
817 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
819 print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
834 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
837 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
839 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
840 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
841 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
842 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
843 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
847 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv);
849 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
854 .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
855 .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
859 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
861 struct timeval t1, t2;
862 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
866 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
872 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
881 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
887 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
891 if (optind > argc - 2) {
892 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
895 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
897 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
902 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
903 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
908 nr_iov = argc - optind;
909 buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
914 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
915 cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
916 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
919 printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
927 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
929 print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
935 static void multiwrite_help(void)
939 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n"
940 " in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n"
943 " 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k'\n"
944 " writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n"
946 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
947 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n"
948 " by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n"
949 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
950 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
951 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
955 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv);
957 static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = {
958 .name = "multiwrite",
959 .cfunc = multiwrite_f,
962 .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]",
963 .oneline = "issues multiple write requests at once",
964 .help = multiwrite_help,
967 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv)
969 struct timeval t1, t2;
970 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
973 int64_t offset, first_offset = 0;
974 /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
983 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
992 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
998 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1002 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1003 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1007 for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
1008 if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) {
1013 reqs = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs));
1014 buf = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf));
1015 qiovs = g_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs));
1017 for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs && optind < argc; i++) {
1020 /* Read the offset of the request */
1021 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1023 printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1028 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1029 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1035 first_offset = offset;
1038 /* Read lengths for qiov entries */
1039 for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {
1040 if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) {
1045 nr_iov = j - optind;
1048 buf[i] = create_iovec(&qiovs[i], &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1049 if (buf[i] == NULL) {
1053 reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i];
1054 reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9;
1055 reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9;
1062 /* If there were empty requests at the end, ignore them */
1065 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1066 cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(reqs, nr_reqs, &total);
1067 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1070 printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1078 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1080 print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag);
1082 for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
1083 qemu_io_free(buf[i]);
1084 if (reqs[i].qiov != NULL) {
1085 qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]);
1106 static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1108 struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1111 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1115 printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1123 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1124 t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1125 print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1126 ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1128 qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1132 static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1134 struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1137 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1140 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1145 void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
1147 memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
1148 if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
1149 printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
1150 PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1160 dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1163 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1164 t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1165 print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1166 ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1168 qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1172 static void aio_read_help(void)
1176 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1179 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1181 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
1182 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
1183 " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1184 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1185 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1186 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
1187 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
1188 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1192 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv);
1194 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
1196 .cfunc = aio_read_f,
1199 .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1200 .oneline = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
1201 .help = aio_read_help,
1204 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
1207 struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1209 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
1216 ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1217 if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
1230 return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1234 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1236 return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1239 ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1240 if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1241 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1247 if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1248 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1254 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1255 ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
1256 if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1261 gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1262 bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1263 ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
1267 static void aio_write_help(void)
1271 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
1272 " from multiple buffers\n"
1275 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1277 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1278 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1279 " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1280 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1281 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1282 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1283 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1287 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv);
1289 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1290 .name = "aio_write",
1291 .cfunc = aio_write_f,
1294 .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1295 .oneline = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1296 .help = aio_write_help,
1299 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
1303 struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1305 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1314 pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1322 return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1326 if (optind > argc - 2) {
1328 return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1331 ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1332 if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1333 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1339 if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1340 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1346 nr_iov = argc - optind;
1347 ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1348 if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1353 gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1354 bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1355 ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1359 static int aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1365 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1366 .name = "aio_flush",
1367 .cfunc = aio_flush_f,
1368 .oneline = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
1371 static int flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1377 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1381 .oneline = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1384 static int truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
1389 offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1391 printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1395 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1397 printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1404 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1407 .cfunc = truncate_f,
1411 .oneline = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1414 static int length_f(int argc, char **argv)
1419 size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1421 printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
1425 cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1431 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1435 .oneline = "gets the length of the current file",
1439 static int info_f(int argc, char **argv)
1441 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1442 char s1[64], s2[64];
1445 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
1446 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1448 if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
1449 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1452 ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1457 cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1458 cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1460 printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1461 printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1468 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1472 .oneline = "prints information about the current file",
1475 static void discard_help(void)
1479 " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1482 " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1484 " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
1485 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1486 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1490 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv);
1492 static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
1498 .args = "[-Cq] off len",
1499 .oneline = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1500 .help = discard_help,
1503 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv)
1505 struct timeval t1, t2;
1506 int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1511 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != EOF) {
1520 return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1524 if (optind != argc - 2) {
1525 return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1528 offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1530 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1535 count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1537 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1541 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1542 ret = bdrv_discard(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1543 count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1544 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1547 printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1551 /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1554 print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag);
1561 static int alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
1563 int64_t offset, sector_num;
1564 int nb_sectors, remaining;
1569 offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1570 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1571 printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1577 nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1582 remaining = nb_sectors;
1584 sector_num = offset >> 9;
1586 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, remaining, &num);
1593 nb_sectors -= remaining;
1598 cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1600 printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1601 sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1605 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1611 .args = "off [sectors]",
1612 .oneline = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1615 static int map_f(int argc, char **argv)
1620 int num, num_checked;
1625 nb_sectors = bs->total_sectors;
1628 num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1629 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num);
1630 retstr = ret ? " allocated" : "not allocated";
1631 cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1));
1632 printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8d/% 8d sectors %s at offset %s (%d)\n",
1633 offset << 9ULL, num, num_checked, retstr, s1, ret);
1637 } while (offset < bs->total_sectors);
1642 static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
1648 .oneline = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
1652 static int close_f(int argc, char **argv)
1659 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
1663 .oneline = "close the current open file",
1666 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
1669 fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
1674 if (bdrv_file_open(&bs, name, flags)) {
1675 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1679 bs = bdrv_new("hda");
1681 if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags, NULL) < 0) {
1682 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1692 static void open_help(void)
1696 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
1699 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
1701 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
1702 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
1703 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
1704 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
1705 " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
1709 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv);
1711 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
1717 .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1718 .args = "[-Crsn] [path]",
1719 .oneline = "open the file specified by path",
1723 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv)
1730 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrg")) != EOF) {
1733 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1736 flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1745 return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1750 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1753 if (optind != argc - 1) {
1754 return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1757 return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1760 static int init_args_command(int index)
1762 /* only one device allowed so far */
1769 static int init_check_command(const cmdinfo_t *ct)
1771 if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
1774 if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
1775 fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
1781 static void usage(const char *name)
1784 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
1785 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
1787 " -c, --cmd command to execute\n"
1788 " -r, --read-only export read-only\n"
1789 " -s, --snapshot use snapshot file\n"
1790 " -n, --nocache disable host cache\n"
1791 " -g, --growable allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
1792 " -m, --misalign misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
1793 " -k, --native-aio use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
1794 " -t, --cache=MODE use the given cache mode for the image\n"
1795 " -T, --trace FILE enable trace events listed in the given file\n"
1796 " -h, --help display this help and exit\n"
1797 " -V, --version output version information and exit\n"
1803 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1807 const char *sopt = "hVc:rsnmgkt:T:";
1808 const struct option lopt[] = {
1809 { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
1810 { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
1811 { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
1812 { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
1813 { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
1814 { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
1815 { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
1816 { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
1817 { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
1818 { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
1819 { "cache", 1, NULL, 't' },
1820 { "trace", 1, NULL, 'T' },
1821 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
1827 progname = basename(argv[0]);
1829 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
1832 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1835 flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1838 add_user_command(optarg);
1850 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
1853 if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
1854 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
1859 if (!trace_backend_init(optarg, NULL)) {
1860 exit(1); /* error message will have been printed */
1864 printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
1875 if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
1882 qemu_init_main_loop();
1884 /* initialize commands */
1887 add_command(&open_cmd);
1888 add_command(&close_cmd);
1889 add_command(&read_cmd);
1890 add_command(&readv_cmd);
1891 add_command(&write_cmd);
1892 add_command(&writev_cmd);
1893 add_command(&multiwrite_cmd);
1894 add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
1895 add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
1896 add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
1897 add_command(&flush_cmd);
1898 add_command(&truncate_cmd);
1899 add_command(&length_cmd);
1900 add_command(&info_cmd);
1901 add_command(&discard_cmd);
1902 add_command(&alloc_cmd);
1903 add_command(&map_cmd);
1905 add_args_command(init_args_command);
1906 add_check_command(init_check_command);
1908 /* open the device */
1910 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1913 if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
1914 openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1919 * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.