2 * Block driver for the VMDK format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
5 * Copyright (c) 2005 Filip Navara
7 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
17 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
28 #include "block/block_int.h"
29 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
30 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
31 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
32 #include "qemu/module.h"
33 #include "migration/migration.h"
37 #define VMDK3_MAGIC (('C' << 24) | ('O' << 16) | ('W' << 8) | 'D')
38 #define VMDK4_MAGIC (('K' << 24) | ('D' << 16) | ('M' << 8) | 'V')
39 #define VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE 1
40 #define VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT (1 << 0)
41 #define VMDK4_FLAG_RGD (1 << 1)
42 /* Zeroed-grain enable bit */
43 #define VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN (1 << 2)
44 #define VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS (1 << 16)
45 #define VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER (1 << 17)
46 #define VMDK4_GD_AT_END 0xffffffffffffffffULL
48 #define VMDK_GTE_ZEROED 0x1
50 /* VMDK internal error codes */
52 #define VMDK_ERROR (-1)
53 /* Cluster not allocated */
54 #define VMDK_UNALLOC (-2)
55 #define VMDK_ZEROED (-3)
57 #define BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN "zeroed_grain"
62 uint32_t disk_sectors;
64 uint32_t l1dir_offset;
66 uint32_t file_sectors;
69 uint32_t sectors_per_track;
70 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK3Header;
79 /* Number of GrainTableEntries per GrainTable */
80 uint32_t num_gtes_per_gt;
83 uint64_t grain_offset;
86 uint16_t compressAlgorithm;
87 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK4Header;
89 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
91 typedef struct VmdkExtent {
100 int64_t flat_start_offset;
101 int64_t l1_table_offset;
102 int64_t l1_backup_table_offset;
104 uint32_t *l1_backup_table;
105 unsigned int l1_size;
106 uint32_t l1_entry_sectors;
108 unsigned int l2_size;
110 uint32_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
111 uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
113 int64_t cluster_sectors;
114 int64_t next_cluster_sector;
118 typedef struct BDRVVmdkState {
120 uint64_t desc_offset;
126 /* Extent array with num_extents entries, ascend ordered by address */
128 Error *migration_blocker;
132 typedef struct VmdkMetaData {
133 unsigned int l1_index;
134 unsigned int l2_index;
135 unsigned int l2_offset;
137 uint32_t *l2_cache_entry;
140 typedef struct VmdkGrainMarker {
144 } QEMU_PACKED VmdkGrainMarker;
147 MARKER_END_OF_STREAM = 0,
148 MARKER_GRAIN_TABLE = 1,
149 MARKER_GRAIN_DIRECTORY = 2,
153 static int vmdk_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
160 magic = be32_to_cpu(*(uint32_t *)buf);
161 if (magic == VMDK3_MAGIC ||
162 magic == VMDK4_MAGIC) {
165 const char *p = (const char *)buf;
166 const char *end = p + buf_size;
169 /* skip comment line */
170 while (p < end && *p != '\n') {
177 while (p < end && *p == ' ') {
180 /* skip '\r' if windows line endings used. */
181 if (p < end && *p == '\r') {
184 /* only accept blank lines before 'version=' line */
185 if (p == end || *p != '\n') {
191 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\n")) {
192 if (strncmp("version=1\n", p, strlen("version=1\n")) == 0 ||
193 strncmp("version=2\n", p, strlen("version=2\n")) == 0) {
197 if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\r\n")) {
198 if (strncmp("version=1\r\n", p, strlen("version=1\r\n")) == 0 ||
199 strncmp("version=2\r\n", p, strlen("version=2\r\n")) == 0) {
209 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
210 #define DESC_SIZE (20 * SECTOR_SIZE) /* 20 sectors of 512 bytes each */
211 #define BUF_SIZE 4096
212 #define HEADER_SIZE 512 /* first sector of 512 bytes */
214 static void vmdk_free_extents(BlockDriverState *bs)
217 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
220 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
224 g_free(e->l1_backup_table);
226 if (e->file != bs->file) {
227 bdrv_unref_child(bs, e->file);
233 static void vmdk_free_last_extent(BlockDriverState *bs)
235 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
237 if (s->num_extents == 0) {
241 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents);
244 static uint32_t vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent)
247 uint32_t cid = 0xffffffff;
248 const char *p_name, *cid_str;
250 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
253 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
254 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
261 cid_str = "parentCID";
262 cid_str_size = sizeof("parentCID");
265 cid_str_size = sizeof("CID");
268 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
269 p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
270 if (p_name != NULL) {
271 p_name += cid_str_size;
272 sscanf(p_name, "%" SCNx32, &cid);
279 static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
281 char *desc, *tmp_desc;
282 char *p_name, *tmp_str;
283 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
286 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
287 tmp_desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE);
288 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
293 desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
294 tmp_str = strstr(desc, "parentCID");
295 if (tmp_str == NULL) {
300 pstrcpy(tmp_desc, DESC_SIZE, tmp_str);
301 p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
302 if (p_name != NULL) {
303 p_name += sizeof("CID");
304 snprintf(p_name, DESC_SIZE - (p_name - desc), "%" PRIx32 "\n", cid);
305 pstrcat(desc, DESC_SIZE, tmp_desc);
308 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
316 static int vmdk_is_cid_valid(BlockDriverState *bs)
318 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
321 if (!s->cid_checked && bs->backing) {
322 BlockDriverState *p_bs = bs->backing->bs;
324 cur_pcid = vmdk_read_cid(p_bs, 0);
325 if (s->parent_cid != cur_pcid) {
330 s->cid_checked = true;
335 /* We have nothing to do for VMDK reopen, stubs just return success */
336 static int vmdk_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
337 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
339 assert(state != NULL);
340 assert(state->bs != NULL);
344 static int vmdk_parent_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
348 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
351 desc = g_malloc0(DESC_SIZE + 1);
352 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
358 p_name = strstr(desc, "parentFileNameHint");
359 if (p_name != NULL) {
362 p_name += sizeof("parentFileNameHint") + 1;
363 end_name = strchr(p_name, '\"');
364 if (end_name == NULL) {
368 if ((end_name - p_name) > sizeof(bs->backing_file) - 1) {
373 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, end_name - p_name + 1, p_name);
381 /* Create and append extent to the extent array. Return the added VmdkExtent
382 * address. return NULL if allocation failed. */
383 static int vmdk_add_extent(BlockDriverState *bs,
384 BdrvChild *file, bool flat, int64_t sectors,
385 int64_t l1_offset, int64_t l1_backup_offset,
387 int l2_size, uint64_t cluster_sectors,
388 VmdkExtent **new_extent,
392 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
395 if (cluster_sectors > 0x200000) {
396 /* 0x200000 * 512Bytes = 1GB for one cluster is unrealistic */
397 error_setg(errp, "Invalid granularity, image may be corrupt");
400 if (l1_size > 512 * 1024 * 1024) {
401 /* Although with big capacity and small l1_entry_sectors, we can get a
402 * big l1_size, we don't want unbounded value to allocate the table.
403 * Limit it to 512M, which is 16PB for default cluster and L2 table
405 error_setg(errp, "L1 size too big");
409 nb_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs);
410 if (nb_sectors < 0) {
414 s->extents = g_renew(VmdkExtent, s->extents, s->num_extents + 1);
415 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents];
418 memset(extent, 0, sizeof(VmdkExtent));
421 extent->sectors = sectors;
422 extent->l1_table_offset = l1_offset;
423 extent->l1_backup_table_offset = l1_backup_offset;
424 extent->l1_size = l1_size;
425 extent->l1_entry_sectors = l2_size * cluster_sectors;
426 extent->l2_size = l2_size;
427 extent->cluster_sectors = flat ? sectors : cluster_sectors;
428 extent->next_cluster_sector = ROUND_UP(nb_sectors, cluster_sectors);
430 if (s->num_extents > 1) {
431 extent->end_sector = (*(extent - 1)).end_sector + extent->sectors;
433 extent->end_sector = extent->sectors;
435 bs->total_sectors = extent->end_sector;
437 *new_extent = extent;
442 static int vmdk_init_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, VmdkExtent *extent,
449 /* read the L1 table */
450 l1_size = extent->l1_size * sizeof(uint32_t);
451 extent->l1_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
452 if (l1_size && extent->l1_table == NULL) {
456 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
457 extent->l1_table_offset,
461 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
462 "Could not read l1 table from extent '%s'",
463 extent->file->bs->filename);
466 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
467 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_table[i]);
470 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset) {
471 extent->l1_backup_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size);
472 if (l1_size && extent->l1_backup_table == NULL) {
476 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
477 extent->l1_backup_table_offset,
478 extent->l1_backup_table,
481 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
482 "Could not read l1 backup table from extent '%s'",
483 extent->file->bs->filename);
486 for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
487 le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_backup_table[i]);
492 g_new(uint32_t, extent->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE);
495 g_free(extent->l1_backup_table);
497 g_free(extent->l1_table);
501 static int vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
503 int flags, Error **errp)
510 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
512 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
513 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
517 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
518 le32_to_cpu(header.disk_sectors),
519 (int64_t)le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_offset) << 9,
521 le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_size),
523 le32_to_cpu(header.granularity),
529 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
531 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
532 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
537 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
538 QDict *options, Error **errp);
540 static char *vmdk_read_desc(BlockDriverState *file, uint64_t desc_offset,
547 size = bdrv_getlength(file);
549 error_setg_errno(errp, -size, "Could not access file");
554 /* Both descriptor file and sparse image must be much larger than 4
555 * bytes, also callers of vmdk_read_desc want to compare the first 4
556 * bytes with VMDK4_MAGIC, let's error out if less is read. */
557 error_setg(errp, "File is too small, not a valid image");
561 size = MIN(size, (1 << 20) - 1); /* avoid unbounded allocation */
562 buf = g_malloc(size + 1);
564 ret = bdrv_pread(file, desc_offset, buf, size);
566 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read from file");
575 static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
577 int flags, QDict *options, Error **errp)
581 uint32_t l1_size, l1_entry_sectors;
584 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
585 int64_t l1_backup_offset = 0;
588 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
590 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
591 "Could not read header from file '%s'",
595 if (header.capacity == 0) {
596 uint64_t desc_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.desc_offset);
598 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(file->bs, desc_offset << 9, errp);
602 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
608 if (!s->create_type) {
609 s->create_type = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
612 if (le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) == VMDK4_GD_AT_END) {
614 * The footer takes precedence over the header, so read it in. The
615 * footer starts at offset -1024 from the end: One sector for the
616 * footer, and another one for the end-of-stream marker.
623 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
624 } QEMU_PACKED footer_marker;
628 uint8_t pad[512 - 4 - sizeof(VMDK4Header)];
634 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
635 } QEMU_PACKED eos_marker;
636 } QEMU_PACKED footer;
638 ret = bdrv_pread(file->bs,
639 bs->file->bs->total_sectors * 512 - 1536,
640 &footer, sizeof(footer));
642 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read footer");
646 /* Some sanity checks for the footer */
647 if (be32_to_cpu(footer.magic) != VMDK4_MAGIC ||
648 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.size) != 0 ||
649 le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.type) != MARKER_FOOTER ||
650 le64_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.val) != 0 ||
651 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.size) != 0 ||
652 le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.type) != MARKER_END_OF_STREAM)
654 error_setg(errp, "Invalid footer");
658 header = footer.header;
662 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
663 if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) > 3) {
664 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported VMDK version %" PRIu32,
665 le32_to_cpu(header.version));
667 } else if (le32_to_cpu(header.version) == 3 && (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) &&
669 /* VMware KB 2064959 explains that version 3 added support for
670 * persistent changed block tracking (CBT), and backup software can
671 * read it as version=1 if it doesn't care about the changed area
672 * information. So we are safe to enable read only. */
673 error_setg(errp, "VMDK version 3 must be read only");
677 if (le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt) > 512) {
678 error_setg(errp, "L2 table size too big");
682 l1_entry_sectors = le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt)
683 * le64_to_cpu(header.granularity);
684 if (l1_entry_sectors == 0) {
685 error_setg(errp, "L1 entry size is invalid");
688 l1_size = (le64_to_cpu(header.capacity) + l1_entry_sectors - 1)
690 if (le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_RGD) {
691 l1_backup_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9;
693 if (bdrv_nb_sectors(file->bs) < le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)) {
694 error_setg(errp, "File truncated, expecting at least %" PRId64 " bytes",
695 (int64_t)(le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset)
696 * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
700 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
701 le64_to_cpu(header.capacity),
702 le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9,
705 le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gt),
706 le64_to_cpu(header.granularity),
713 le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
714 if (extent->compressed) {
715 g_free(s->create_type);
716 s->create_type = g_strdup("streamOptimized");
718 extent->has_marker = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER;
719 extent->version = le32_to_cpu(header.version);
720 extent->has_zero_grain = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN;
721 ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent, errp);
723 /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
724 vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
729 /* find an option value out of descriptor file */
730 static int vmdk_parse_description(const char *desc, const char *opt_name,
731 char *buf, int buf_size)
733 char *opt_pos, *opt_end;
734 const char *end = desc + strlen(desc);
736 opt_pos = strstr(desc, opt_name);
740 /* Skip "=\"" following opt_name */
741 opt_pos += strlen(opt_name) + 2;
742 if (opt_pos >= end) {
746 while (opt_end < end && *opt_end != '"') {
749 if (opt_end == end || buf_size < opt_end - opt_pos + 1) {
752 pstrcpy(buf, opt_end - opt_pos + 1, opt_pos);
756 /* Open an extent file and append to bs array */
757 static int vmdk_open_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvChild *file, int flags,
758 char *buf, QDict *options, Error **errp)
762 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
765 return vmdk_open_vmfs_sparse(bs, file, flags, errp);
768 return vmdk_open_vmdk4(bs, file, flags, options, errp);
771 error_setg(errp, "Image not in VMDK format");
777 static const char *next_line(const char *s)
788 static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
789 const char *desc_file_path, QDict *options,
801 BdrvChild *extent_file;
802 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
804 char extent_opt_prefix[32];
805 Error *local_err = NULL;
807 for (p = desc; *p; p = next_line(p)) {
808 /* parse extent line in one of below formats:
810 * RW [size in sectors] FLAT "file-name.vmdk" OFFSET
811 * RW [size in sectors] SPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
812 * RW [size in sectors] VMFS "file-name.vmdk"
813 * RW [size in sectors] VMFSSPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
816 matches = sscanf(p, "%10s %" SCNd64 " %10s \"%511[^\n\r\"]\" %" SCNd64,
817 access, §ors, type, fname, &flat_offset);
818 if (matches < 4 || strcmp(access, "RW")) {
820 } else if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
821 if (matches != 5 || flat_offset < 0) {
824 } else if (!strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
830 } else if (matches != 4) {
835 (strcmp(type, "FLAT") && strcmp(type, "SPARSE") &&
836 strcmp(type, "VMFS") && strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) ||
837 (strcmp(access, "RW"))) {
841 if (!path_is_absolute(fname) && !path_has_protocol(fname) &&
844 error_setg(errp, "Cannot use relative extent paths with VMDK "
845 "descriptor file '%s'", bs->file->bs->filename);
849 extent_path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
850 path_combine(extent_path, PATH_MAX, desc_file_path, fname);
852 ret = snprintf(extent_opt_prefix, 32, "extents.%d", s->num_extents);
855 extent_file = bdrv_open_child(extent_path, options, extent_opt_prefix,
856 bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
859 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
863 /* save to extents array */
864 if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT") || !strcmp(type, "VMFS")) {
867 ret = vmdk_add_extent(bs, extent_file, true, sectors,
868 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &extent, errp);
870 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
873 extent->flat_start_offset = flat_offset << 9;
874 } else if (!strcmp(type, "SPARSE") || !strcmp(type, "VMFSSPARSE")) {
875 /* SPARSE extent and VMFSSPARSE extent are both "COWD" sparse file*/
876 char *buf = vmdk_read_desc(extent_file->bs, 0, errp);
880 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags, buf,
885 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
888 extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents - 1];
890 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported extent type '%s'", type);
891 bdrv_unref_child(bs, extent_file);
894 extent->type = g_strdup(type);
901 if (np[-1] == '\n') {
904 error_setg(errp, "Invalid extent line: %.*s", (int)(np - p), p);
908 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags, char *buf,
909 QDict *options, Error **errp)
913 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
915 if (vmdk_parse_description(buf, "createType", ct, sizeof(ct))) {
916 error_setg(errp, "invalid VMDK image descriptor");
920 if (strcmp(ct, "monolithicFlat") &&
921 strcmp(ct, "vmfs") &&
922 strcmp(ct, "vmfsSparse") &&
923 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
924 strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat")) {
925 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported image type '%s'", ct);
929 s->create_type = g_strdup(ct);
931 ret = vmdk_parse_extents(buf, bs, bs->file->bs->exact_filename, options,
937 static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
942 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
945 buf = vmdk_read_desc(bs->file->bs, 0, errp);
950 magic = ldl_be_p(buf);
954 ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, bs->file, flags, buf, options,
956 s->desc_offset = 0x200;
959 ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, buf, options, errp);
966 /* try to open parent images, if exist */
967 ret = vmdk_parent_open(bs);
971 s->cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0);
972 s->parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 1);
973 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
975 /* Disable migration when VMDK images are used */
976 error_setg(&s->migration_blocker, "The vmdk format used by node '%s' "
977 "does not support live migration",
978 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
979 migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
985 g_free(s->create_type);
986 s->create_type = NULL;
987 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
992 static void vmdk_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
994 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
997 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
998 if (!s->extents[i].flat) {
999 bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment =
1000 MAX(bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment,
1001 s->extents[i].cluster_sectors);
1009 * Copy backing file's cluster that covers @sector_num, otherwise write zero,
1010 * to the cluster at @cluster_sector_num.
1012 * If @skip_start_sector < @skip_end_sector, the relative range
1013 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) is not copied or written, and leave
1014 * it for call to write user data in the request.
1016 static int get_whole_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs,
1018 uint64_t cluster_sector_num,
1019 uint64_t sector_num,
1020 uint64_t skip_start_sector,
1021 uint64_t skip_end_sector)
1024 int64_t cluster_bytes;
1025 uint8_t *whole_grain;
1027 /* For COW, align request sector_num to cluster start */
1028 sector_num = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(sector_num, extent->cluster_sectors);
1029 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1030 whole_grain = qemu_blockalign(bs, cluster_bytes);
1033 memset(whole_grain, 0, skip_start_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1034 memset(whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS), 0,
1035 cluster_bytes - (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS));
1038 assert(skip_end_sector <= extent->cluster_sectors);
1039 /* we will be here if it's first write on non-exist grain(cluster).
1040 * try to read from parent image, if exist */
1041 if (bs->backing && !vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1046 /* Read backing data before skip range */
1047 if (skip_start_sector > 0) {
1049 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num,
1050 whole_grain, skip_start_sector);
1056 ret = bdrv_write(extent->file->bs, cluster_sector_num, whole_grain,
1063 /* Read backing data after skip range */
1064 if (skip_end_sector < extent->cluster_sectors) {
1066 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num + skip_end_sector,
1067 whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS),
1068 extent->cluster_sectors - skip_end_sector);
1074 ret = bdrv_write(extent->file->bs, cluster_sector_num + skip_end_sector,
1075 whole_grain + (skip_end_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS),
1076 extent->cluster_sectors - skip_end_sector);
1084 qemu_vfree(whole_grain);
1088 static int vmdk_L2update(VmdkExtent *extent, VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1091 offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
1092 /* update L2 table */
1093 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
1095 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1096 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1097 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1100 /* update backup L2 table */
1101 if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset != 0) {
1102 m_data->l2_offset = extent->l1_backup_table[m_data->l1_index];
1103 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
1105 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
1106 + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(offset)),
1107 &offset, sizeof(offset)) < 0) {
1111 if (m_data->l2_cache_entry) {
1112 *m_data->l2_cache_entry = offset;
1119 * get_cluster_offset
1121 * Look up cluster offset in extent file by sector number, and store in
1124 * For flat extents, the start offset as parsed from the description file is
1127 * For sparse extents, look up in L1, L2 table. If allocate is true, return an
1128 * offset for a new cluster and update L2 cache. If there is a backing file,
1129 * COW is done before returning; otherwise, zeroes are written to the allocated
1130 * cluster. Both COW and zero writing skips the sector range
1131 * [@skip_start_sector, @skip_end_sector) passed in by caller, because caller
1132 * has new data to write there.
1134 * Returns: VMDK_OK if cluster exists and mapped in the image.
1135 * VMDK_UNALLOC if cluster is not mapped and @allocate is false.
1136 * VMDK_ERROR if failed.
1138 static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
1140 VmdkMetaData *m_data,
1143 uint64_t *cluster_offset,
1144 uint64_t skip_start_sector,
1145 uint64_t skip_end_sector)
1147 unsigned int l1_index, l2_offset, l2_index;
1148 int min_index, i, j;
1149 uint32_t min_count, *l2_table;
1150 bool zeroed = false;
1152 int64_t cluster_sector;
1158 *cluster_offset = extent->flat_start_offset;
1162 offset -= (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * SECTOR_SIZE;
1163 l1_index = (offset >> 9) / extent->l1_entry_sectors;
1164 if (l1_index >= extent->l1_size) {
1167 l2_offset = extent->l1_table[l1_index];
1169 return VMDK_UNALLOC;
1171 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1172 if (l2_offset == extent->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
1173 /* increment the hit count */
1174 if (++extent->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
1175 for (j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
1176 extent->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
1179 l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (i * extent->l2_size);
1183 /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
1185 min_count = 0xffffffff;
1186 for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
1187 if (extent->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
1188 min_count = extent->l2_cache_counts[i];
1192 l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (min_index * extent->l2_size);
1195 (int64_t)l2_offset * 512,
1197 extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)
1198 ) != extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)) {
1202 extent->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
1203 extent->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
1205 l2_index = ((offset >> 9) / extent->cluster_sectors) % extent->l2_size;
1206 cluster_sector = le32_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]);
1210 m_data->l1_index = l1_index;
1211 m_data->l2_index = l2_index;
1212 m_data->l2_offset = l2_offset;
1213 m_data->l2_cache_entry = &l2_table[l2_index];
1215 if (extent->has_zero_grain && cluster_sector == VMDK_GTE_ZEROED) {
1219 if (!cluster_sector || zeroed) {
1221 return zeroed ? VMDK_ZEROED : VMDK_UNALLOC;
1224 cluster_sector = extent->next_cluster_sector;
1225 extent->next_cluster_sector += extent->cluster_sectors;
1227 /* First of all we write grain itself, to avoid race condition
1228 * that may to corrupt the image.
1229 * This problem may occur because of insufficient space on host disk
1230 * or inappropriate VM shutdown.
1232 ret = get_whole_cluster(bs, extent,
1234 offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1235 skip_start_sector, skip_end_sector);
1240 *cluster_offset = cluster_sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1244 static VmdkExtent *find_extent(BDRVVmdkState *s,
1245 int64_t sector_num, VmdkExtent *start_hint)
1247 VmdkExtent *extent = start_hint;
1250 extent = &s->extents[0];
1252 while (extent < &s->extents[s->num_extents]) {
1253 if (sector_num < extent->end_sector) {
1261 static inline uint64_t vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(VmdkExtent *extent,
1264 uint64_t index_in_cluster, extent_begin_sector, extent_relative_sector_num;
1266 extent_begin_sector = extent->end_sector - extent->sectors;
1267 extent_relative_sector_num = sector_num - extent_begin_sector;
1268 index_in_cluster = extent_relative_sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1269 return index_in_cluster;
1272 static int64_t coroutine_fn vmdk_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
1273 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum, BlockDriverState **file)
1275 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1276 int64_t index_in_cluster, n, ret;
1280 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, NULL);
1284 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1285 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1286 sector_num * 512, false, &offset,
1288 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1290 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1299 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1302 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1303 if (!extent->compressed) {
1304 ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
1305 ret |= (offset + (index_in_cluster << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS))
1306 & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK;
1308 *file = extent->file->bs;
1312 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1313 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1320 static int vmdk_write_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1321 int64_t offset_in_cluster, const uint8_t *buf,
1322 int nb_sectors, int64_t sector_num)
1325 VmdkGrainMarker *data = NULL;
1327 const uint8_t *write_buf = buf;
1328 int write_len = nb_sectors * 512;
1329 int64_t write_offset;
1330 int64_t write_end_sector;
1332 if (extent->compressed) {
1333 if (!extent->has_marker) {
1337 buf_len = (extent->cluster_sectors << 9) * 2;
1338 data = g_malloc(buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker));
1339 if (compress(data->data, &buf_len, buf, nb_sectors << 9) != Z_OK ||
1344 data->lba = sector_num;
1345 data->size = buf_len;
1346 write_buf = (uint8_t *)data;
1347 write_len = buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker);
1349 write_offset = cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1350 ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file->bs, write_offset, write_buf, write_len);
1352 write_end_sector = DIV_ROUND_UP(write_offset + write_len, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1354 if (extent->compressed) {
1355 extent->next_cluster_sector = write_end_sector;
1357 extent->next_cluster_sector = MAX(extent->next_cluster_sector,
1361 if (ret != write_len) {
1362 ret = ret < 0 ? ret : -EIO;
1371 static int vmdk_read_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1372 int64_t offset_in_cluster, uint8_t *buf,
1376 int cluster_bytes, buf_bytes;
1377 uint8_t *cluster_buf, *compressed_data;
1378 uint8_t *uncomp_buf;
1380 VmdkGrainMarker *marker;
1384 if (!extent->compressed) {
1385 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
1386 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1387 buf, nb_sectors * 512);
1388 if (ret == nb_sectors * 512) {
1394 cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * 512;
1395 /* Read two clusters in case GrainMarker + compressed data > one cluster */
1396 buf_bytes = cluster_bytes * 2;
1397 cluster_buf = g_malloc(buf_bytes);
1398 uncomp_buf = g_malloc(cluster_bytes);
1399 ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file->bs,
1401 cluster_buf, buf_bytes);
1405 compressed_data = cluster_buf;
1406 buf_len = cluster_bytes;
1407 data_len = cluster_bytes;
1408 if (extent->has_marker) {
1409 marker = (VmdkGrainMarker *)cluster_buf;
1410 compressed_data = marker->data;
1411 data_len = le32_to_cpu(marker->size);
1413 if (!data_len || data_len > buf_bytes) {
1417 ret = uncompress(uncomp_buf, &buf_len, compressed_data, data_len);
1423 if (offset_in_cluster < 0 ||
1424 offset_in_cluster + nb_sectors * 512 > buf_len) {
1428 memcpy(buf, uncomp_buf + offset_in_cluster, nb_sectors * 512);
1433 g_free(cluster_buf);
1437 static int vmdk_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1438 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1440 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1442 uint64_t n, index_in_cluster;
1443 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1444 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1446 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1447 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1451 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
1452 sector_num << 9, false, &cluster_offset,
1454 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1455 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1456 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1459 if (ret != VMDK_OK) {
1460 /* if not allocated, try to read from parent image, if exist */
1461 if (bs->backing && ret != VMDK_ZEROED) {
1462 if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1465 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing->bs, sector_num, buf, n);
1470 memset(buf, 0, 512 * n);
1473 ret = vmdk_read_extent(extent,
1474 cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1487 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1488 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1491 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1492 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1493 ret = vmdk_read(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1494 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1500 * @zeroed: buf is ignored (data is zero), use zeroed_grain GTE feature
1501 * if possible, otherwise return -ENOTSUP.
1502 * @zero_dry_run: used for zeroed == true only, don't update L2 table, just try
1503 * with each cluster. By dry run we can find if the zero write
1504 * is possible without modifying image data.
1506 * Returns: error code with 0 for success.
1508 static int vmdk_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1509 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors,
1510 bool zeroed, bool zero_dry_run)
1512 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1513 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1515 int64_t index_in_cluster, n;
1516 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1517 VmdkMetaData m_data;
1519 if (sector_num > bs->total_sectors) {
1520 error_report("Wrong offset: sector_num=0x%" PRIx64
1521 " total_sectors=0x%" PRIx64,
1522 sector_num, bs->total_sectors);
1526 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1527 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1531 index_in_cluster = vmdk_find_index_in_cluster(extent, sector_num);
1532 n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1533 if (n > nb_sectors) {
1536 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, sector_num << 9,
1537 !(extent->compressed || zeroed),
1539 index_in_cluster, index_in_cluster + n);
1540 if (extent->compressed) {
1541 if (ret == VMDK_OK) {
1542 /* Refuse write to allocated cluster for streamOptimized */
1543 error_report("Could not write to allocated cluster"
1544 " for streamOptimized");
1548 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, &m_data, sector_num << 9,
1549 true, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
1552 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
1556 /* Do zeroed write, buf is ignored */
1557 if (extent->has_zero_grain &&
1558 index_in_cluster == 0 &&
1559 n >= extent->cluster_sectors) {
1560 n = extent->cluster_sectors;
1561 if (!zero_dry_run) {
1562 /* update L2 tables */
1563 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data, VMDK_GTE_ZEROED)
1572 ret = vmdk_write_extent(extent,
1573 cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1574 buf, n, sector_num);
1579 /* update L2 tables */
1580 if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data,
1581 cluster_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
1591 /* update CID on the first write every time the virtual disk is
1593 if (!s->cid_updated) {
1594 ret = vmdk_write_cid(bs, g_random_int());
1598 s->cid_updated = true;
1604 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1605 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1608 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1609 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1610 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors, false, false);
1611 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1615 static int vmdk_write_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs,
1620 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1621 if (s->num_extents == 1 && s->extents[0].compressed) {
1622 return vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors, false, false);
1628 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
1631 BdrvRequestFlags flags)
1634 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1635 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1636 /* write zeroes could fail if sectors not aligned to cluster, test it with
1637 * dry_run == true before really updating image */
1638 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, NULL, nb_sectors, true, true);
1640 ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, NULL, nb_sectors, true, false);
1642 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1646 static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
1647 bool flat, bool compress, bool zeroed_grain,
1648 QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1651 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
1653 Error *local_err = NULL;
1654 uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_sectors, gt_size, gt_count;
1655 uint32_t *gd_buf = NULL;
1658 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
1660 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1664 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
1665 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
1668 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1673 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true);
1676 ret = blk_truncate(blk, filesize);
1678 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
1682 magic = cpu_to_be32(VMDK4_MAGIC);
1683 memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
1686 } else if (zeroed_grain) {
1691 header.flags = VMDK4_FLAG_RGD | VMDK4_FLAG_NL_DETECT
1692 | (compress ? VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS | VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER : 0)
1693 | (zeroed_grain ? VMDK4_FLAG_ZERO_GRAIN : 0);
1694 header.compressAlgorithm = compress ? VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE : 0;
1695 header.capacity = filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1696 header.granularity = 128;
1697 header.num_gtes_per_gt = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1699 grains = DIV_ROUND_UP(filesize / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, header.granularity);
1700 gt_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(header.num_gtes_per_gt * sizeof(uint32_t),
1702 gt_count = DIV_ROUND_UP(grains, header.num_gtes_per_gt);
1703 gd_sectors = DIV_ROUND_UP(gt_count * sizeof(uint32_t), BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1705 header.desc_offset = 1;
1706 header.desc_size = 20;
1707 header.rgd_offset = header.desc_offset + header.desc_size;
1708 header.gd_offset = header.rgd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count);
1709 header.grain_offset =
1710 ROUND_UP(header.gd_offset + gd_sectors + (gt_size * gt_count),
1711 header.granularity);
1712 /* swap endianness for all header fields */
1713 header.version = cpu_to_le32(header.version);
1714 header.flags = cpu_to_le32(header.flags);
1715 header.capacity = cpu_to_le64(header.capacity);
1716 header.granularity = cpu_to_le64(header.granularity);
1717 header.num_gtes_per_gt = cpu_to_le32(header.num_gtes_per_gt);
1718 header.desc_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_offset);
1719 header.desc_size = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_size);
1720 header.rgd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.rgd_offset);
1721 header.gd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.gd_offset);
1722 header.grain_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.grain_offset);
1723 header.compressAlgorithm = cpu_to_le16(header.compressAlgorithm);
1725 header.check_bytes[0] = 0xa;
1726 header.check_bytes[1] = 0x20;
1727 header.check_bytes[2] = 0xd;
1728 header.check_bytes[3] = 0xa;
1730 /* write all the data */
1731 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, 0, &magic, sizeof(magic));
1733 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1736 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
1738 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1742 ret = blk_truncate(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) << 9);
1744 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
1748 /* write grain directory */
1749 gd_buf_size = gd_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1750 gd_buf = g_malloc0(gd_buf_size);
1751 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) + gd_sectors;
1752 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1753 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
1755 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1756 gd_buf, gd_buf_size);
1758 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1762 /* write backup grain directory */
1763 for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) + gd_sectors;
1764 i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1765 gd_buf[i] = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
1767 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1768 gd_buf, gd_buf_size);
1770 error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
1783 static int filename_decompose(const char *filename, char *path, char *prefix,
1784 char *postfix, size_t buf_len, Error **errp)
1788 if (filename == NULL || !strlen(filename)) {
1789 error_setg(errp, "No filename provided");
1792 p = strrchr(filename, '/');
1794 p = strrchr(filename, '\\');
1797 p = strrchr(filename, ':');
1801 if (p - filename >= buf_len) {
1804 pstrcpy(path, p - filename + 1, filename);
1809 q = strrchr(p, '.');
1811 pstrcpy(prefix, buf_len, p);
1814 if (q - p >= buf_len) {
1817 pstrcpy(prefix, q - p + 1, p);
1818 pstrcpy(postfix, buf_len, q);
1823 static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1826 BlockBackend *new_blk = NULL;
1827 Error *local_err = NULL;
1829 int64_t total_size = 0, filesize;
1830 char *adapter_type = NULL;
1831 char *backing_file = NULL;
1835 bool flat, split, compress;
1836 GString *ext_desc_lines;
1837 char *path = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1838 char *prefix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1839 char *postfix = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1840 char *desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
1841 char *ext_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1842 char *desc_filename = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
1843 const int64_t split_size = 0x80000000; /* VMDK has constant split size */
1844 const char *desc_extent_line;
1845 char *parent_desc_line = g_malloc0(BUF_SIZE);
1846 uint32_t parent_cid = 0xffffffff;
1847 uint32_t number_heads = 16;
1848 bool zeroed_grain = false;
1849 uint32_t desc_offset = 0, desc_len;
1850 const char desc_template[] =
1851 "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
1854 "parentCID=%" PRIx32 "\n"
1855 "createType=\"%s\"\n"
1858 "# Extent description\n"
1861 "# The Disk Data Base\n"
1864 "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%d\"\n"
1865 "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
1866 "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%" PRIu32 "\"\n"
1867 "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
1868 "ddb.adapterType = \"%s\"\n";
1870 ext_desc_lines = g_string_new(NULL);
1872 if (filename_decompose(filename, path, prefix, postfix, PATH_MAX, errp)) {
1876 /* Read out options */
1877 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
1879 adapter_type = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE);
1880 backing_file = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
1881 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6, false)) {
1882 flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
1884 fmt = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT);
1885 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN, false)) {
1886 zeroed_grain = true;
1889 if (!adapter_type) {
1890 adapter_type = g_strdup("ide");
1891 } else if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") &&
1892 strcmp(adapter_type, "buslogic") &&
1893 strcmp(adapter_type, "lsilogic") &&
1894 strcmp(adapter_type, "legacyESX")) {
1895 error_setg(errp, "Unknown adapter type: '%s'", adapter_type);
1899 if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") != 0) {
1900 /* that's the number of heads with which vmware operates when
1901 creating, exporting, etc. vmdk files with a non-ide adapter type */
1905 /* Default format to monolithicSparse */
1906 fmt = g_strdup("monolithicSparse");
1907 } else if (strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1908 strcmp(fmt, "monolithicSparse") &&
1909 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
1910 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1911 strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized")) {
1912 error_setg(errp, "Unknown subformat: '%s'", fmt);
1916 split = !(strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1917 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse"));
1918 flat = !(strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1919 strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"));
1920 compress = !strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized");
1922 desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
1924 desc_extent_line = "RW %" PRId64 " SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
1926 if (flat && backing_file) {
1927 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't have backing file");
1931 if (flat && zeroed_grain) {
1932 error_setg(errp, "Flat image can't enable zeroed grain");
1938 char *full_backing = g_new0(char, PATH_MAX);
1939 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(filename, backing_file,
1940 full_backing, PATH_MAX,
1943 g_free(full_backing);
1944 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1949 blk = blk_new_open(full_backing, NULL, NULL,
1950 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB, errp);
1951 g_free(full_backing);
1956 if (strcmp(blk_bs(blk)->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
1961 parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(blk_bs(blk), 0);
1963 snprintf(parent_desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
1964 "parentFileNameHint=\"%s\"", backing_file);
1967 /* Create extents */
1968 filesize = total_size;
1969 while (filesize > 0) {
1970 int64_t size = filesize;
1972 if (split && size > split_size) {
1976 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s-%c%03d%s",
1977 prefix, flat ? 'f' : 's', ++idx, postfix);
1979 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s-flat%s", prefix, postfix);
1981 snprintf(desc_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", prefix, postfix);
1983 snprintf(ext_filename, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", path, desc_filename);
1985 if (vmdk_create_extent(ext_filename, size,
1986 flat, compress, zeroed_grain, opts, errp)) {
1992 /* Format description line */
1993 snprintf(desc_line, BUF_SIZE,
1994 desc_extent_line, size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, desc_filename);
1995 g_string_append(ext_desc_lines, desc_line);
1997 /* generate descriptor file */
1998 desc = g_strdup_printf(desc_template,
2003 ext_desc_lines->str,
2004 (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 ? 6 : 4),
2006 (int64_t)(63 * number_heads * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE),
2009 desc_len = strlen(desc);
2010 /* the descriptor offset = 0x200 */
2011 if (!split && !flat) {
2012 desc_offset = 0x200;
2014 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
2016 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2021 new_blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
2022 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
2024 if (new_blk == NULL) {
2025 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2030 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(new_blk, true);
2032 ret = blk_pwrite(new_blk, desc_offset, desc, desc_len);
2034 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write description");
2037 /* bdrv_pwrite write padding zeros to align to sector, we don't need that
2038 * for description file */
2039 if (desc_offset == 0) {
2040 ret = blk_truncate(new_blk, desc_len);
2042 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not truncate file");
2049 g_free(adapter_type);
2050 g_free(backing_file);
2057 g_free(ext_filename);
2058 g_free(desc_filename);
2059 g_free(parent_desc_line);
2060 g_string_free(ext_desc_lines, true);
2064 static void vmdk_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
2066 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2068 vmdk_free_extents(bs);
2069 g_free(s->create_type);
2071 migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
2072 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
2075 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
2077 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2081 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2082 err = bdrv_co_flush(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2090 static int64_t vmdk_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
2095 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2097 ret = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file->bs);
2101 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2102 if (s->extents[i].file == bs->file) {
2105 r = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2114 static int vmdk_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
2117 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2119 /* If has a flat extent and its underlying storage doesn't have zero init,
2121 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2122 if (s->extents[i].flat) {
2123 if (!bdrv_has_zero_init(s->extents[i].file->bs)) {
2131 static ImageInfo *vmdk_get_extent_info(VmdkExtent *extent)
2133 ImageInfo *info = g_new0(ImageInfo, 1);
2135 *info = (ImageInfo){
2136 .filename = g_strdup(extent->file->bs->filename),
2137 .format = g_strdup(extent->type),
2138 .virtual_size = extent->sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2139 .compressed = extent->compressed,
2140 .has_compressed = extent->compressed,
2141 .cluster_size = extent->cluster_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2142 .has_cluster_size = !extent->flat,
2148 static int vmdk_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *result,
2151 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2152 VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
2153 int64_t sector_num = 0;
2154 int64_t total_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
2156 uint64_t cluster_offset;
2163 if (sector_num >= total_sectors) {
2166 extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
2169 "ERROR: could not find extent for sector %" PRId64 "\n",
2173 ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
2174 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2175 false, &cluster_offset, 0, 0);
2176 if (ret == VMDK_ERROR) {
2178 "ERROR: could not get cluster_offset for sector %"
2179 PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
2182 if (ret == VMDK_OK &&
2183 cluster_offset >= bdrv_getlength(extent->file->bs))
2186 "ERROR: cluster offset for sector %"
2187 PRId64 " points after EOF\n", sector_num);
2190 sector_num += extent->cluster_sectors;
2193 result->corruptions++;
2197 static ImageInfoSpecific *vmdk_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs)
2200 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2201 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecific, 1);
2202 ImageInfoList **next;
2204 *spec_info = (ImageInfoSpecific){
2205 .type = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_VMDK,
2207 .vmdk = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecificVmdk, 1),
2211 *spec_info->u.vmdk = (ImageInfoSpecificVmdk) {
2212 .create_type = g_strdup(s->create_type),
2214 .parent_cid = s->parent_cid,
2217 next = &spec_info->u.vmdk->extents;
2218 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2219 *next = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
2220 (*next)->value = vmdk_get_extent_info(&s->extents[i]);
2221 (*next)->next = NULL;
2222 next = &(*next)->next;
2228 static bool vmdk_extents_type_eq(const VmdkExtent *a, const VmdkExtent *b)
2230 return a->flat == b->flat &&
2231 a->compressed == b->compressed &&
2232 (a->flat || a->cluster_sectors == b->cluster_sectors);
2235 static int vmdk_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
2238 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2239 assert(s->num_extents);
2241 /* See if we have multiple extents but they have different cases */
2242 for (i = 1; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2243 if (!vmdk_extents_type_eq(&s->extents[0], &s->extents[i])) {
2247 bdi->needs_compressed_writes = s->extents[0].compressed;
2248 if (!s->extents[0].flat) {
2249 bdi->cluster_size = s->extents[0].cluster_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
2254 static void vmdk_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
2256 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2259 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2260 bdrv_detach_aio_context(s->extents[i].file->bs);
2264 static void vmdk_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
2265 AioContext *new_context)
2267 BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
2270 for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
2271 bdrv_attach_aio_context(s->extents[i].file->bs, new_context);
2275 static QemuOptsList vmdk_create_opts = {
2276 .name = "vmdk-create-opts",
2277 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vmdk_create_opts.head),
2280 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
2281 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
2282 .help = "Virtual disk size"
2285 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE,
2286 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2287 .help = "Virtual adapter type, can be one of "
2288 "ide (default), lsilogic, buslogic or legacyESX"
2291 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
2292 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2293 .help = "File name of a base image"
2296 .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6,
2297 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2298 .help = "VMDK version 6 image",
2299 .def_value_str = "off"
2302 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT,
2303 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2305 "VMDK flat extent format, can be one of "
2306 "{monolithicSparse (default) | monolithicFlat | twoGbMaxExtentSparse | twoGbMaxExtentFlat | streamOptimized} "
2309 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ZEROED_GRAIN,
2310 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2311 .help = "Enable efficient zero writes "
2312 "using the zeroed-grain GTE feature"
2314 { /* end of list */ }
2318 static BlockDriver bdrv_vmdk = {
2319 .format_name = "vmdk",
2320 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVVmdkState),
2321 .bdrv_probe = vmdk_probe,
2322 .bdrv_open = vmdk_open,
2323 .bdrv_check = vmdk_check,
2324 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vmdk_reopen_prepare,
2325 .bdrv_read = vmdk_co_read,
2326 .bdrv_write = vmdk_co_write,
2327 .bdrv_write_compressed = vmdk_write_compressed,
2328 .bdrv_co_write_zeroes = vmdk_co_write_zeroes,
2329 .bdrv_close = vmdk_close,
2330 .bdrv_create = vmdk_create,
2331 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = vmdk_co_flush,
2332 .bdrv_co_get_block_status = vmdk_co_get_block_status,
2333 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size = vmdk_get_allocated_file_size,
2334 .bdrv_has_zero_init = vmdk_has_zero_init,
2335 .bdrv_get_specific_info = vmdk_get_specific_info,
2336 .bdrv_refresh_limits = vmdk_refresh_limits,
2337 .bdrv_get_info = vmdk_get_info,
2338 .bdrv_detach_aio_context = vmdk_detach_aio_context,
2339 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = vmdk_attach_aio_context,
2341 .supports_backing = true,
2342 .create_opts = &vmdk_create_opts,
2345 static void bdrv_vmdk_init(void)
2347 bdrv_register(&bdrv_vmdk);
2350 block_init(bdrv_vmdk_init);