2 * mmap support for qemu
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 #include <sys/types.h>
28 #include <linux/mman.h>
29 #include <linux/unistd.h>
32 #include "qemu-common.h"
36 #if defined(CONFIG_USE_NPTL)
37 static pthread_mutex_t mmap_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
38 static __thread int mmap_lock_count;
42 if (mmap_lock_count++ == 0) {
43 pthread_mutex_lock(&mmap_mutex);
47 void mmap_unlock(void)
49 if (--mmap_lock_count == 0) {
50 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mmap_mutex);
54 /* Grab lock to make sure things are in a consistent state after fork(). */
55 void mmap_fork_start(void)
59 pthread_mutex_lock(&mmap_mutex);
62 void mmap_fork_end(int child)
65 pthread_mutex_init(&mmap_mutex, NULL);
67 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mmap_mutex);
70 /* We aren't threadsafe to start with, so no need to worry about locking. */
75 void mmap_unlock(void)
80 /* NOTE: all the constants are the HOST ones, but addresses are target. */
81 int target_mprotect(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len, int prot)
83 abi_ulong end, host_start, host_end, addr;
87 printf("mprotect: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
88 "len=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " prot=%c%c%c\n", start, len,
89 prot & PROT_READ ? 'r' : '-',
90 prot & PROT_WRITE ? 'w' : '-',
91 prot & PROT_EXEC ? 'x' : '-');
94 if ((start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) != 0)
96 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
100 prot &= PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC;
105 host_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
106 host_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end);
107 if (start > host_start) {
108 /* handle host page containing start */
110 for(addr = host_start; addr < start; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
111 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
113 if (host_end == host_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
114 for(addr = end; addr < host_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
115 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
119 ret = mprotect(g2h(host_start), qemu_host_page_size, prot1 & PAGE_BITS);
122 host_start += qemu_host_page_size;
124 if (end < host_end) {
126 for(addr = end; addr < host_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
127 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
129 ret = mprotect(g2h(host_end - qemu_host_page_size), qemu_host_page_size,
133 host_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
136 /* handle the pages in the middle */
137 if (host_start < host_end) {
138 ret = mprotect(g2h(host_start), host_end - host_start, prot);
142 page_set_flags(start, start + len, prot | PAGE_VALID);
150 /* map an incomplete host page */
151 static int mmap_frag(abi_ulong real_start,
152 abi_ulong start, abi_ulong end,
153 int prot, int flags, int fd, abi_ulong offset)
155 abi_ulong real_end, addr;
159 real_end = real_start + qemu_host_page_size;
160 host_start = g2h(real_start);
162 /* get the protection of the target pages outside the mapping */
164 for(addr = real_start; addr < real_end; addr++) {
165 if (addr < start || addr >= end)
166 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
170 /* no page was there, so we allocate one */
171 void *p = mmap(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot,
172 flags | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
179 prot_new = prot | prot1;
180 if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {
181 /* msync() won't work here, so we return an error if write is
182 possible while it is a shared mapping */
183 if ((flags & MAP_TYPE) == MAP_SHARED &&
187 /* adjust protection to be able to read */
188 if (!(prot1 & PROT_WRITE))
189 mprotect(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot1 | PROT_WRITE);
191 /* read the corresponding file data */
192 if (pread(fd, g2h(start), end - start, offset) == -1)
195 /* put final protection */
196 if (prot_new != (prot1 | PROT_WRITE))
197 mprotect(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot_new);
199 /* just update the protection */
200 if (prot_new != prot1) {
201 mprotect(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot_new);
207 #if HOST_LONG_BITS == 64 && TARGET_ABI_BITS == 64
208 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE (1ul << 38)
209 #elif defined(__CYGWIN__)
210 /* Cygwin doesn't have a whole lot of address space. */
211 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE 0x18000000
213 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE 0x40000000
215 abi_ulong mmap_next_start = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
217 unsigned long last_brk;
219 #ifdef CONFIG_USE_GUEST_BASE
220 /* Subroutine of mmap_find_vma, used when we have pre-allocated a chunk
221 of guest address space. */
222 static abi_ulong mmap_find_vma_reserved(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong size)
229 if (size > RESERVED_VA) {
230 return (abi_ulong)-1;
233 size = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(size);
234 end_addr = start + size;
235 if (end_addr > RESERVED_VA) {
236 end_addr = RESERVED_VA;
238 addr = end_addr - qemu_host_page_size;
241 if (addr > end_addr) {
243 return (abi_ulong)-1;
245 end_addr = RESERVED_VA;
246 addr = end_addr - qemu_host_page_size;
250 prot = page_get_flags(addr);
254 if (addr + size == end_addr) {
257 addr -= qemu_host_page_size;
260 if (start == mmap_next_start) {
261 mmap_next_start = addr;
269 * Find and reserve a free memory area of size 'size'. The search
271 * It must be called with mmap_lock() held.
272 * Return -1 if error.
274 abi_ulong mmap_find_vma(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong size)
280 /* If 'start' == 0, then a default start address is used. */
282 start = mmap_next_start;
284 start &= qemu_host_page_mask;
287 size = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(size);
289 #ifdef CONFIG_USE_GUEST_BASE
291 return mmap_find_vma_reserved(start, size);
296 wrapped = repeat = 0;
299 for (;; prev = ptr) {
301 * Reserve needed memory area to avoid a race.
302 * It should be discarded using:
303 * - mmap() with MAP_FIXED flag
304 * - mremap() with MREMAP_FIXED flag
305 * - shmat() with SHM_REMAP flag
307 ptr = mmap(g2h(addr), size, PROT_NONE,
308 MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
310 /* ENOMEM, if host address space has no memory */
311 if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
312 return (abi_ulong)-1;
315 /* Count the number of sequential returns of the same address.
316 This is used to modify the search algorithm below. */
317 repeat = (ptr == prev ? repeat + 1 : 0);
319 if (h2g_valid(ptr + size - 1)) {
322 if ((addr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) == 0) {
324 if (start == mmap_next_start && addr >= TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE) {
325 mmap_next_start = addr + size;
330 /* The address is not properly aligned for the target. */
333 /* Assume the result that the kernel gave us is the
334 first with enough free space, so start again at the
335 next higher target page. */
336 addr = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
339 /* Sometimes the kernel decides to perform the allocation
340 at the top end of memory instead. */
341 addr &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
344 /* Start over at low memory. */
348 /* Fail. This unaligned block must the last. */
353 /* Since the result the kernel gave didn't fit, start
354 again at low memory. If any repetition, fail. */
355 addr = (repeat ? -1 : 0);
358 /* Unmap and try again. */
361 /* ENOMEM if we checked the whole of the target address space. */
362 if (addr == (abi_ulong)-1) {
363 return (abi_ulong)-1;
364 } else if (addr == 0) {
366 return (abi_ulong)-1;
369 /* Don't actually use 0 when wrapping, instead indicate
370 that we'd truly like an allocation in low memory. */
371 addr = (mmap_min_addr > TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
372 ? TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(mmap_min_addr)
374 } else if (wrapped && addr >= start) {
375 return (abi_ulong)-1;
380 /* NOTE: all the constants are the HOST ones */
381 abi_long target_mmap(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len, int prot,
382 int flags, int fd, abi_ulong offset)
384 abi_ulong ret, end, real_start, real_end, retaddr, host_offset, host_len;
385 unsigned long host_start;
390 printf("mmap: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
391 " len=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " prot=%c%c%c flags=",
393 prot & PROT_READ ? 'r' : '-',
394 prot & PROT_WRITE ? 'w' : '-',
395 prot & PROT_EXEC ? 'x' : '-');
396 if (flags & MAP_FIXED)
397 printf("MAP_FIXED ");
398 if (flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)
400 switch(flags & MAP_TYPE) {
402 printf("MAP_PRIVATE ");
405 printf("MAP_SHARED ");
408 printf("[MAP_TYPE=0x%x] ", flags & MAP_TYPE);
411 printf("fd=%d offset=" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n", fd, offset);
415 if (offset & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) {
420 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
423 real_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
425 /* When mapping files into a memory area larger than the file, accesses
426 to pages beyond the file size will cause a SIGBUS.
428 For example, if mmaping a file of 100 bytes on a host with 4K pages
429 emulating a target with 8K pages, the target expects to be able to
430 access the first 8K. But the host will trap us on any access beyond
433 When emulating a target with a larger page-size than the hosts, we
434 may need to truncate file maps at EOF and add extra anonymous pages
435 up to the targets page boundary. */
437 if ((qemu_real_host_page_size < TARGET_PAGE_SIZE)
438 && !(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {
441 if (fstat (fd, &sb) == -1)
444 /* Are we trying to create a map beyond EOF?. */
445 if (offset + len > sb.st_size) {
446 /* If so, truncate the file map at eof aligned with
447 the hosts real pagesize. Additional anonymous maps
448 will be created beyond EOF. */
449 len = (sb.st_size - offset);
450 len += qemu_real_host_page_size - 1;
451 len &= ~(qemu_real_host_page_size - 1);
455 if (!(flags & MAP_FIXED)) {
456 abi_ulong mmap_start;
458 host_offset = offset & qemu_host_page_mask;
459 host_len = len + offset - host_offset;
460 host_len = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(host_len);
461 mmap_start = mmap_find_vma(real_start, host_len);
462 if (mmap_start == (abi_ulong)-1) {
466 /* Note: we prefer to control the mapping address. It is
467 especially important if qemu_host_page_size >
468 qemu_real_host_page_size */
469 p = mmap(g2h(mmap_start),
470 host_len, prot, flags | MAP_FIXED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
473 /* update start so that it points to the file position at 'offset' */
474 host_start = (unsigned long)p;
475 if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {
476 p = mmap(g2h(mmap_start), len, prot,
477 flags | MAP_FIXED, fd, host_offset);
478 host_start += offset - host_offset;
480 start = h2g(host_start);
482 if (start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) {
487 real_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end);
490 * Test if requested memory area fits target address space
491 * It can fail only on 64-bit host with 32-bit target.
492 * On any other target/host host mmap() handles this error correctly.
494 if ((unsigned long)start + len - 1 > (abi_ulong) -1) {
499 /* worst case: we cannot map the file because the offset is not
500 aligned, so we read it */
501 if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS) &&
502 (offset & ~qemu_host_page_mask) != (start & ~qemu_host_page_mask)) {
503 /* msync() won't work here, so we return an error if write is
504 possible while it is a shared mapping */
505 if ((flags & MAP_TYPE) == MAP_SHARED &&
506 (prot & PROT_WRITE)) {
510 retaddr = target_mmap(start, len, prot | PROT_WRITE,
511 MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS,
515 if (pread(fd, g2h(start), len, offset) == -1)
517 if (!(prot & PROT_WRITE)) {
518 ret = target_mprotect(start, len, prot);
527 /* handle the start of the mapping */
528 if (start > real_start) {
529 if (real_end == real_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
530 /* one single host page */
531 ret = mmap_frag(real_start, start, end,
532 prot, flags, fd, offset);
537 ret = mmap_frag(real_start, start, real_start + qemu_host_page_size,
538 prot, flags, fd, offset);
541 real_start += qemu_host_page_size;
543 /* handle the end of the mapping */
544 if (end < real_end) {
545 ret = mmap_frag(real_end - qemu_host_page_size,
546 real_end - qemu_host_page_size, real_end,
548 offset + real_end - qemu_host_page_size - start);
551 real_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
554 /* map the middle (easier) */
555 if (real_start < real_end) {
557 unsigned long offset1;
558 if (flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)
561 offset1 = offset + real_start - start;
562 p = mmap(g2h(real_start), real_end - real_start,
563 prot, flags, fd, offset1);
569 page_set_flags(start, start + len, prot | PAGE_VALID);
572 printf("ret=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n", start);
576 tb_invalidate_phys_range(start, start + len, 0);
584 static void mmap_reserve(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong size)
586 abi_ulong real_start;
592 real_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
593 real_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(start + size);
595 if (start > real_start) {
596 /* handle host page containing start */
598 for (addr = real_start; addr < start; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
599 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
601 if (real_end == real_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
602 for (addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
603 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
608 real_start += qemu_host_page_size;
610 if (end < real_end) {
612 for (addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
613 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
616 real_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
618 if (real_start != real_end) {
619 mmap(g2h(real_start), real_end - real_start, PROT_NONE,
620 MAP_FIXED | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE,
625 int target_munmap(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len)
627 abi_ulong end, real_start, real_end, addr;
631 printf("munmap: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " len=0x"
632 TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n",
635 if (start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
637 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
642 real_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
643 real_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end);
645 if (start > real_start) {
646 /* handle host page containing start */
648 for(addr = real_start; addr < start; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
649 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
651 if (real_end == real_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
652 for(addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
653 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
658 real_start += qemu_host_page_size;
660 if (end < real_end) {
662 for(addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
663 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
666 real_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
670 /* unmap what we can */
671 if (real_start < real_end) {
673 mmap_reserve(real_start, real_end - real_start);
675 ret = munmap(g2h(real_start), real_end - real_start);
680 page_set_flags(start, start + len, 0);
681 tb_invalidate_phys_range(start, start + len, 0);
687 abi_long target_mremap(abi_ulong old_addr, abi_ulong old_size,
688 abi_ulong new_size, unsigned long flags,
696 if (flags & MREMAP_FIXED) {
697 host_addr = (void *) syscall(__NR_mremap, g2h(old_addr),
702 if (RESERVED_VA && host_addr != MAP_FAILED) {
703 /* If new and old addresses overlap then the above mremap will
704 already have failed with EINVAL. */
705 mmap_reserve(old_addr, old_size);
707 } else if (flags & MREMAP_MAYMOVE) {
708 abi_ulong mmap_start;
710 mmap_start = mmap_find_vma(0, new_size);
712 if (mmap_start == -1) {
714 host_addr = MAP_FAILED;
716 host_addr = (void *) syscall(__NR_mremap, g2h(old_addr),
718 flags | MREMAP_FIXED,
721 mmap_reserve(old_addr, old_size);
726 if (RESERVED_VA && old_size < new_size) {
728 for (addr = old_addr + old_size;
729 addr < old_addr + new_size;
731 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
735 host_addr = mremap(g2h(old_addr), old_size, new_size, flags);
736 if (host_addr != MAP_FAILED && RESERVED_VA && old_size > new_size) {
737 mmap_reserve(old_addr + old_size, new_size - old_size);
741 host_addr = MAP_FAILED;
743 /* Check if address fits target address space */
744 if ((unsigned long)host_addr + new_size > (abi_ulong)-1) {
745 /* Revert mremap() changes */
746 host_addr = mremap(g2h(old_addr), new_size, old_size, flags);
748 host_addr = MAP_FAILED;
752 if (host_addr == MAP_FAILED) {
755 new_addr = h2g(host_addr);
756 prot = page_get_flags(old_addr);
757 page_set_flags(old_addr, old_addr + old_size, 0);
758 page_set_flags(new_addr, new_addr + new_size, prot | PAGE_VALID);
760 tb_invalidate_phys_range(new_addr, new_addr + new_size, 0);
765 int target_msync(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len, int flags)
769 if (start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
771 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
778 start &= qemu_host_page_mask;
779 return msync(g2h(start), end - start, flags);