2 * Bitmaps for the QCOW version 2 format
4 * Copyright (c) 2014-2017 Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy
6 * This file is derived from qcow2-snapshot.c, original copyright:
7 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
9 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
10 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
11 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
12 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
13 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
14 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
16 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
17 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
19 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
20 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
21 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
22 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
23 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
24 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
28 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
29 #include "qapi/error.h"
30 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
34 /* NOTICE: BME here means Bitmaps Extension and used as a namespace for
35 * _internal_ constants. Please do not use this _internal_ abbreviation for
36 * other needs and/or outside of this file. */
38 /* Bitmap directory entry constraints */
39 #define BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE 0x8000000
40 #define BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE 0x20000000 /* restrict BdrvDirtyBitmap size in RAM */
41 #define BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS 31
42 #define BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS 9
43 #define BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE 1023
45 QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE != BDRV_BITMAP_MAX_NAME_SIZE);
47 #if BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE * 8ULL > INT_MAX
48 #error In the code bitmap table physical size assumed to fit into int
51 /* Bitmap directory entry flags */
52 #define BME_RESERVED_FLAGS 0xfffffffcU
53 #define BME_FLAG_IN_USE (1U << 0)
54 #define BME_FLAG_AUTO (1U << 1)
56 /* bits [1, 8] U [56, 63] are reserved */
57 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_RESERVED_MASK 0xff000000000001feULL
58 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK 0x00fffffffffffe00ULL
59 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES (1ULL << 0)
61 typedef struct QEMU_PACKED Qcow2BitmapDirEntry {
62 /* header is 8 byte aligned */
63 uint64_t bitmap_table_offset;
65 uint32_t bitmap_table_size;
69 uint8_t granularity_bits;
71 uint32_t extra_data_size;
72 /* extra data follows */
74 } Qcow2BitmapDirEntry;
76 typedef struct Qcow2BitmapTable {
78 uint32_t size; /* number of 64bit entries */
79 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Qcow2BitmapTable) entry;
82 typedef struct Qcow2Bitmap {
83 Qcow2BitmapTable table;
85 uint8_t granularity_bits;
88 BdrvDirtyBitmap *dirty_bitmap;
90 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Qcow2Bitmap) entry;
92 typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(Qcow2BitmapList, Qcow2Bitmap) Qcow2BitmapList;
94 typedef enum BitmapType {
95 BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP = 1
98 static inline bool can_write(BlockDriverState *bs)
100 return !bdrv_is_read_only(bs) && !(bdrv_get_flags(bs) & BDRV_O_INACTIVE);
103 static int update_header_sync(BlockDriverState *bs)
107 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
112 return bdrv_flush(bs->file->bs);
115 static inline void bitmap_table_to_be(uint64_t *bitmap_table, size_t size)
119 for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
120 bitmap_table[i] = cpu_to_be64(bitmap_table[i]);
124 static int check_table_entry(uint64_t entry, int cluster_size)
128 if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_RESERVED_MASK) {
132 offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
134 /* if offset specified, bit 0 is reserved */
135 if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES) {
139 if (offset % cluster_size != 0) {
147 static int64_t get_bitmap_bytes_needed(int64_t len, uint32_t granularity)
149 int64_t num_bits = DIV_ROUND_UP(len, granularity);
151 return DIV_ROUND_UP(num_bits, 8);
154 static int check_constraints_on_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
156 uint32_t granularity,
159 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
160 int granularity_bits = ctz32(granularity);
161 int64_t len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
162 int64_t bitmap_bytes;
164 assert(granularity > 0);
165 assert((granularity & (granularity - 1)) == 0);
168 error_setg_errno(errp, -len, "Failed to get size of '%s'",
169 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
173 if (granularity_bits > BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS) {
174 error_setg(errp, "Granularity exceeds maximum (%llu bytes)",
175 1ULL << BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS);
178 if (granularity_bits < BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS) {
179 error_setg(errp, "Granularity is under minimum (%llu bytes)",
180 1ULL << BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS);
184 bitmap_bytes = get_bitmap_bytes_needed(len, granularity);
185 if ((bitmap_bytes > (uint64_t)BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE) ||
186 (bitmap_bytes > (uint64_t)BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE * s->cluster_size))
188 error_setg(errp, "Too much space will be occupied by the bitmap. "
189 "Use larger granularity");
193 if (strlen(name) > BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE) {
194 error_setg(errp, "Name length exceeds maximum (%u characters)",
202 static void clear_bitmap_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t *bitmap_table,
203 uint32_t bitmap_table_size)
205 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
208 for (i = 0; i < bitmap_table_size; ++i) {
209 uint64_t addr = bitmap_table[i] & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
214 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, addr, s->cluster_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_ALWAYS);
219 static int bitmap_table_load(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapTable *tb,
220 uint64_t **bitmap_table)
223 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
227 assert(tb->size != 0);
228 table = g_try_new(uint64_t, tb->size);
233 assert(tb->size <= BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
234 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, tb->offset,
235 table, tb->size * sizeof(uint64_t));
240 for (i = 0; i < tb->size; ++i) {
241 table[i] = be64_to_cpu(table[i]);
242 ret = check_table_entry(table[i], s->cluster_size);
248 *bitmap_table = table;
257 static int free_bitmap_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapTable *tb)
260 uint64_t *bitmap_table;
262 ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, tb, &bitmap_table);
267 clear_bitmap_table(bs, bitmap_table, tb->size);
268 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, tb->offset, tb->size * sizeof(uint64_t),
269 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
270 g_free(bitmap_table);
278 /* Return the disk size covered by a single qcow2 cluster of bitmap data. */
279 static uint64_t bytes_covered_by_bitmap_cluster(const BDRVQcow2State *s,
280 const BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap)
282 uint64_t granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap);
283 uint64_t limit = granularity * (s->cluster_size << 3);
285 assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(limit,
286 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_align(bitmap)));
291 * @bitmap_table entries must satisfy specification constraints.
292 * @bitmap must be cleared */
293 static int load_bitmap_data(BlockDriverState *bs,
294 const uint64_t *bitmap_table,
295 uint32_t bitmap_table_size,
296 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap)
299 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
300 uint64_t offset, limit;
301 uint64_t bm_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap);
303 uint64_t i, tab_size =
305 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, 0, bm_size));
307 if (tab_size != bitmap_table_size || tab_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE) {
311 buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
312 limit = bytes_covered_by_bitmap_cluster(s, bitmap);
313 for (i = 0, offset = 0; i < tab_size; ++i, offset += limit) {
314 uint64_t count = MIN(bm_size - offset, limit);
315 uint64_t entry = bitmap_table[i];
316 uint64_t data_offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
318 assert(check_table_entry(entry, s->cluster_size) == 0);
320 if (data_offset == 0) {
321 if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES) {
322 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_ones(bitmap, offset, count,
325 /* No need to deserialize zeros because the dirty bitmap is
329 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, data_offset, buf, s->cluster_size);
333 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_part(bitmap, buf, offset, count,
339 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_finish(bitmap);
347 static BdrvDirtyBitmap *load_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
348 Qcow2Bitmap *bm, Error **errp)
351 uint64_t *bitmap_table = NULL;
352 uint32_t granularity;
353 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = NULL;
355 granularity = 1U << bm->granularity_bits;
356 bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bs, granularity, bm->name, errp);
357 if (bitmap == NULL) {
361 if (bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) {
362 /* Data is unusable, skip loading it */
366 ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, &bm->table, &bitmap_table);
368 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
369 "Could not read bitmap_table table from image for "
370 "bitmap '%s'", bm->name);
374 ret = load_bitmap_data(bs, bitmap_table, bm->table.size, bitmap);
376 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read bitmap '%s' from image",
381 g_free(bitmap_table);
385 g_free(bitmap_table);
386 if (bitmap != NULL) {
387 bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
398 * Bitmap List private functions
399 * Only Bitmap List knows about bitmap directory structure in Qcow2.
402 static inline void bitmap_dir_entry_to_cpu(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
404 entry->bitmap_table_offset = be64_to_cpu(entry->bitmap_table_offset);
405 entry->bitmap_table_size = be32_to_cpu(entry->bitmap_table_size);
406 entry->flags = be32_to_cpu(entry->flags);
407 entry->name_size = be16_to_cpu(entry->name_size);
408 entry->extra_data_size = be32_to_cpu(entry->extra_data_size);
411 static inline void bitmap_dir_entry_to_be(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
413 entry->bitmap_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(entry->bitmap_table_offset);
414 entry->bitmap_table_size = cpu_to_be32(entry->bitmap_table_size);
415 entry->flags = cpu_to_be32(entry->flags);
416 entry->name_size = cpu_to_be16(entry->name_size);
417 entry->extra_data_size = cpu_to_be32(entry->extra_data_size);
420 static inline int calc_dir_entry_size(size_t name_size, size_t extra_data_size)
422 int size = sizeof(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry) + name_size + extra_data_size;
423 return ROUND_UP(size, 8);
426 static inline int dir_entry_size(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
428 return calc_dir_entry_size(entry->name_size, entry->extra_data_size);
431 static inline const char *dir_entry_name_field(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
433 return (const char *)(entry + 1) + entry->extra_data_size;
436 static inline char *dir_entry_copy_name(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
438 const char *name_field = dir_entry_name_field(entry);
439 return g_strndup(name_field, entry->name_size);
442 static inline Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *next_dir_entry(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
444 return (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)((uint8_t *)entry + dir_entry_size(entry));
447 static int check_dir_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
449 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
450 uint64_t phys_bitmap_bytes;
453 bool fail = (entry->bitmap_table_size == 0) ||
454 (entry->bitmap_table_offset == 0) ||
455 (entry->bitmap_table_offset % s->cluster_size) ||
456 (entry->bitmap_table_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE) ||
457 (entry->granularity_bits > BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS) ||
458 (entry->granularity_bits < BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS) ||
459 (entry->flags & BME_RESERVED_FLAGS) ||
460 (entry->name_size > BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE) ||
461 (entry->type != BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP);
467 phys_bitmap_bytes = (uint64_t)entry->bitmap_table_size * s->cluster_size;
468 len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
474 if (phys_bitmap_bytes > BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE) {
478 if (!(entry->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) &&
479 (len > ((phys_bitmap_bytes * 8) << entry->granularity_bits)))
482 * We've loaded a valid bitmap (IN_USE not set) or we are going to
483 * store a valid bitmap, but the allocated bitmap table size is not
484 * enough to store this bitmap.
486 * Note, that it's OK to have an invalid bitmap with invalid size due
487 * to a bitmap that was not correctly saved after image resize.
495 static inline void bitmap_directory_to_be(uint8_t *dir, size_t size)
497 uint8_t *end = dir + size;
499 Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
500 dir += dir_entry_size(e);
502 bitmap_dir_entry_to_be(e);
507 * Bitmap List public functions
510 static void bitmap_free(Qcow2Bitmap *bm)
520 static void bitmap_list_free(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
524 if (bm_list == NULL) {
528 while ((bm = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bm_list)) != NULL) {
529 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bm_list, entry);
536 static Qcow2BitmapList *bitmap_list_new(void)
538 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list = g_new(Qcow2BitmapList, 1);
539 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(bm_list);
544 static uint32_t bitmap_list_count(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
547 uint32_t nb_bitmaps = 0;
549 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
557 * Get bitmap list from qcow2 image. Actually reads bitmap directory,
558 * checks it and convert to bitmap list.
560 static Qcow2BitmapList *bitmap_list_load(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
561 uint64_t size, Error **errp)
564 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
565 uint8_t *dir, *dir_end;
566 Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e;
567 uint32_t nb_dir_entries = 0;
568 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list = NULL;
571 error_setg(errp, "Requested bitmap directory size is zero");
575 if (size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
576 error_setg(errp, "Requested bitmap directory size is too big");
580 dir = g_try_malloc(size);
582 error_setg(errp, "Failed to allocate space for bitmap directory");
585 dir_end = dir + size;
587 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, dir, size);
589 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read bitmap directory");
593 bm_list = bitmap_list_new();
594 for (e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
595 e < (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir_end;
596 e = next_dir_entry(e))
600 if ((uint8_t *)(e + 1) > dir_end) {
604 if (++nb_dir_entries > s->nb_bitmaps) {
605 error_setg(errp, "More bitmaps found than specified in header"
609 bitmap_dir_entry_to_cpu(e);
611 if ((uint8_t *)next_dir_entry(e) > dir_end) {
615 if (e->extra_data_size != 0) {
616 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap extra data is not supported");
620 ret = check_dir_entry(bs, e);
622 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%.*s' doesn't satisfy the constraints",
623 e->name_size, dir_entry_name_field(e));
627 bm = g_new0(Qcow2Bitmap, 1);
628 bm->table.offset = e->bitmap_table_offset;
629 bm->table.size = e->bitmap_table_size;
630 bm->flags = e->flags;
631 bm->granularity_bits = e->granularity_bits;
632 bm->name = dir_entry_copy_name(e);
633 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bm_list, bm, entry);
636 if (nb_dir_entries != s->nb_bitmaps) {
637 error_setg(errp, "Less bitmaps found than specified in header"
642 if ((uint8_t *)e != dir_end) {
650 error_setg(errp, "Broken bitmap directory");
654 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
659 int qcow2_check_bitmaps_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
660 void **refcount_table,
661 int64_t *refcount_table_size)
664 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
665 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
668 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
672 ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
673 s->bitmap_directory_offset,
674 s->bitmap_directory_size);
679 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
680 s->bitmap_directory_size, NULL);
681 if (bm_list == NULL) {
686 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
687 uint64_t *bitmap_table = NULL;
690 ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res,
691 refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
693 bm->table.size * sizeof(uint64_t));
698 ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, &bm->table, &bitmap_table);
704 for (i = 0; i < bm->table.size; ++i) {
705 uint64_t entry = bitmap_table[i];
706 uint64_t offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
708 if (check_table_entry(entry, s->cluster_size) < 0) {
717 ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res,
718 refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
719 offset, s->cluster_size);
721 g_free(bitmap_table);
726 g_free(bitmap_table);
730 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
736 * Store bitmap list to qcow2 image as a bitmap directory.
737 * Everything is checked.
739 static int bitmap_list_store(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list,
740 uint64_t *offset, uint64_t *size, bool in_place)
744 int64_t dir_offset = 0;
745 uint64_t dir_size = 0;
747 Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e;
749 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
750 dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(bm->name), 0);
753 if (dir_size == 0 || dir_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
758 if (*size != dir_size || *offset == 0) {
762 dir_offset = *offset;
765 dir = g_try_malloc0(dir_size);
770 e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
771 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
772 e->bitmap_table_offset = bm->table.offset;
773 e->bitmap_table_size = bm->table.size;
774 e->flags = bm->flags;
775 e->type = BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP;
776 e->granularity_bits = bm->granularity_bits;
777 e->name_size = strlen(bm->name);
778 e->extra_data_size = 0;
779 memcpy(e + 1, bm->name, e->name_size);
781 if (check_dir_entry(bs, e) < 0) {
786 e = next_dir_entry(e);
789 bitmap_directory_to_be(dir, dir_size);
792 dir_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, dir_size);
793 if (dir_offset < 0) {
799 /* Actually, even in in-place case ignoring QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY is not
800 * necessary, because we drop QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS when updating bitmap
801 * directory in-place (actually, turn-off the extension), which is checked
802 * in qcow2_check_metadata_overlap() */
803 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(
804 bs, in_place ? QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY : 0, dir_offset, dir_size,
810 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, dir_offset, dir, dir_size);
819 *offset = dir_offset;
827 if (!in_place && dir_offset > 0) {
828 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, dir_offset, dir_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
838 static int update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(BlockDriverState *bs,
839 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
841 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
844 if (!(s->autoclear_features & QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS) ||
845 bm_list == NULL || QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bm_list) ||
846 bitmap_list_count(bm_list) != s->nb_bitmaps)
851 s->autoclear_features &= ~(uint64_t)QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
852 ret = update_header_sync(bs);
854 /* Two variants are possible here:
855 * 1. Autoclear flag is dropped, all bitmaps will be lost.
856 * 2. Autoclear flag is not dropped, old state is left.
861 /* autoclear bit is not set, so we can safely update bitmap directory */
863 ret = bitmap_list_store(bs, bm_list, &s->bitmap_directory_offset,
864 &s->bitmap_directory_size, true);
866 /* autoclear bit is cleared, so all leaked clusters would be removed on
871 ret = update_header_sync(bs);
873 /* autoclear bit is cleared, so all leaked clusters would be removed on
878 s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
879 return update_header_sync(bs);
880 /* If final update_header_sync() fails, two variants are possible:
881 * 1. Autoclear flag is not set, all bitmaps will be lost.
882 * 2. Autoclear flag is set, header and directory are successfully updated.
886 static int update_ext_header_and_dir(BlockDriverState *bs,
887 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
889 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
891 uint64_t new_offset = 0;
892 uint64_t new_size = 0;
893 uint32_t new_nb_bitmaps = 0;
894 uint64_t old_offset = s->bitmap_directory_offset;
895 uint64_t old_size = s->bitmap_directory_size;
896 uint32_t old_nb_bitmaps = s->nb_bitmaps;
897 uint64_t old_autocl = s->autoclear_features;
899 if (bm_list != NULL && !QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bm_list)) {
900 new_nb_bitmaps = bitmap_list_count(bm_list);
902 if (new_nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
906 ret = bitmap_list_store(bs, bm_list, &new_offset, &new_size, false);
911 ret = qcow2_flush_caches(bs);
916 s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
918 s->autoclear_features &= ~(uint64_t)QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
921 s->bitmap_directory_offset = new_offset;
922 s->bitmap_directory_size = new_size;
923 s->nb_bitmaps = new_nb_bitmaps;
925 ret = update_header_sync(bs);
931 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, old_offset, old_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
937 if (new_offset > 0) {
938 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, new_offset, new_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
941 s->bitmap_directory_offset = old_offset;
942 s->bitmap_directory_size = old_size;
943 s->nb_bitmaps = old_nb_bitmaps;
944 s->autoclear_features = old_autocl;
949 /* for g_slist_foreach for GSList of BdrvDirtyBitmap* elements */
950 static void release_dirty_bitmap_helper(gpointer bitmap,
953 bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
956 /* for g_slist_foreach for GSList of BdrvDirtyBitmap* elements */
957 static void set_readonly_helper(gpointer bitmap, gpointer value)
959 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_readonly(bitmap, (bool)value);
962 /* qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps()
963 * Return value is a hint for caller: true means that the Qcow2 header was
964 * updated. (false doesn't mean that the header should be updated by the
965 * caller, it just means that updating was not needed or the image cannot be
967 * On failure the function returns false.
969 bool qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
971 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
972 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
974 GSList *created_dirty_bitmaps = NULL;
975 bool header_updated = false;
976 bool needs_update = false;
978 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
979 /* No bitmaps - nothing to do */
983 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
984 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
985 if (bm_list == NULL) {
989 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
990 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
992 if ((bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) &&
993 bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name))
996 * We already have corresponding BdrvDirtyBitmap, and bitmap in the
997 * image is marked IN_USE. Firstly, this state is valid, no reason
998 * to consider existing BdrvDirtyBitmap to be bad. Secondly it's
999 * absolutely possible, when we do migration with shared storage
1000 * with dirty-bitmaps capability enabled: if the bitmap was loaded
1001 * from this storage before migration start, the storage will
1002 * of-course contain IN_USE outdated version of the bitmap, and we
1003 * should not load it on migration target, as we already have this
1004 * bitmap, being migrated.
1009 bitmap = load_bitmap(bs, bm, errp);
1010 if (bitmap == NULL) {
1014 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_persistence(bitmap, true);
1015 if (bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) {
1016 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_inconsistent(bitmap);
1018 /* NB: updated flags only get written if can_write(bs) is true. */
1019 bm->flags |= BME_FLAG_IN_USE;
1020 needs_update = true;
1022 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_AUTO)) {
1023 bdrv_disable_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
1025 created_dirty_bitmaps =
1026 g_slist_append(created_dirty_bitmaps, bitmap);
1029 if (needs_update && can_write(bs)) {
1030 /* in_use flags must be updated */
1031 int ret = update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(bs, bm_list);
1033 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Can't update bitmap directory");
1036 header_updated = true;
1039 if (!can_write(bs)) {
1040 g_slist_foreach(created_dirty_bitmaps, set_readonly_helper,
1044 g_slist_free(created_dirty_bitmaps);
1045 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1047 return header_updated;
1050 g_slist_foreach(created_dirty_bitmaps, release_dirty_bitmap_helper, bs);
1051 g_slist_free(created_dirty_bitmaps);
1052 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1058 static Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList *get_bitmap_info_flags(uint32_t flags)
1060 Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList *list = NULL;
1061 Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList **plist = &list;
1064 static const struct {
1065 int bme; /* Bitmap directory entry flags */
1066 int info; /* The flags to report to the user */
1068 { BME_FLAG_IN_USE, QCOW2_BITMAP_INFO_FLAGS_IN_USE },
1069 { BME_FLAG_AUTO, QCOW2_BITMAP_INFO_FLAGS_AUTO },
1072 int map_size = ARRAY_SIZE(map);
1074 for (i = 0; i < map_size; ++i) {
1075 if (flags & map[i].bme) {
1076 Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList *entry =
1077 g_new0(Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList, 1);
1078 entry->value = map[i].info;
1080 plist = &entry->next;
1081 flags &= ~map[i].bme;
1084 /* Check if the BME_* mapping above is complete */
1091 * qcow2_get_bitmap_info_list()
1092 * Returns a list of QCOW2 bitmap details.
1093 * In case of no bitmaps, the function returns NULL and
1094 * the @errp parameter is not set.
1095 * When bitmap information can not be obtained, the function returns
1096 * NULL and the @errp parameter is set.
1098 Qcow2BitmapInfoList *qcow2_get_bitmap_info_list(BlockDriverState *bs,
1101 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1102 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1104 Qcow2BitmapInfoList *list = NULL;
1105 Qcow2BitmapInfoList **plist = &list;
1107 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1111 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1112 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1113 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1117 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1118 Qcow2BitmapInfo *info = g_new0(Qcow2BitmapInfo, 1);
1119 Qcow2BitmapInfoList *obj = g_new0(Qcow2BitmapInfoList, 1);
1120 info->granularity = 1U << bm->granularity_bits;
1121 info->name = g_strdup(bm->name);
1122 info->flags = get_bitmap_info_flags(bm->flags & ~BME_RESERVED_FLAGS);
1128 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1133 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1135 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1136 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1138 GSList *ro_dirty_bitmaps = NULL;
1140 bool need_header_update = false;
1142 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1143 /* No bitmaps - nothing to do */
1147 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1148 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1149 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1153 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1154 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name);
1157 error_setg(errp, "Unexpected bitmap '%s' in image '%s'",
1158 bm->name, bs->filename);
1162 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
1163 if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1164 error_setg(errp, "Corruption: bitmap '%s' is not marked IN_USE "
1165 "in the image '%s' and not marked readonly in RAM",
1166 bm->name, bs->filename);
1169 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_inconsistent(bitmap)) {
1170 error_setg(errp, "Corruption: bitmap '%s' is inconsistent but "
1171 "is not marked IN_USE in the image '%s'", bm->name,
1176 bm->flags |= BME_FLAG_IN_USE;
1177 need_header_update = true;
1180 * What if flags already has BME_FLAG_IN_USE ?
1182 * 1. if we are reopening RW -> RW it's OK, of course.
1183 * 2. if we are reopening RO -> RW:
1184 * 2.1 if @bitmap is inconsistent, it's OK. It means that it was
1185 * inconsistent (IN_USE) when we loaded it
1186 * 2.2 if @bitmap is not inconsistent. This seems to be impossible
1187 * and implies third party interaction. Let's error-out for
1190 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap) &&
1191 !bdrv_dirty_bitmap_inconsistent(bitmap))
1193 error_setg(errp, "Corruption: bitmap '%s' is marked IN_USE "
1194 "in the image '%s' but it is readonly and "
1195 "consistent in RAM",
1196 bm->name, bs->filename);
1201 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1202 ro_dirty_bitmaps = g_slist_append(ro_dirty_bitmaps, bitmap);
1206 if (need_header_update) {
1207 if (!can_write(bs->file->bs) || !(bs->file->perm & BLK_PERM_WRITE)) {
1208 error_setg(errp, "Failed to reopen bitmaps rw: no write access "
1209 "the protocol file");
1213 /* in_use flags must be updated */
1214 ret = update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(bs, bm_list);
1216 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Cannot update bitmap directory");
1221 g_slist_foreach(ro_dirty_bitmaps, set_readonly_helper, false);
1225 g_slist_free(ro_dirty_bitmaps);
1226 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1231 /* Checks to see if it's safe to resize bitmaps */
1232 int qcow2_truncate_bitmaps_check(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1234 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1235 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1239 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1243 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1244 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1245 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1249 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1250 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name);
1251 if (bitmap == NULL) {
1253 * We rely on all bitmaps being in-memory to be able to resize them,
1254 * Otherwise, we'd need to resize them on disk explicitly
1256 error_setg(errp, "Cannot resize qcow2 with persistent bitmaps that "
1257 "were not loaded into memory");
1263 * The checks against readonly and busy are redundant, but certainly
1264 * do no harm. checks against inconsistent are crucial:
1266 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_check(bitmap, BDRV_BITMAP_DEFAULT, errp)) {
1273 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1277 /* store_bitmap_data()
1278 * Store bitmap to image, filling bitmap table accordingly.
1280 static uint64_t *store_bitmap_data(BlockDriverState *bs,
1281 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
1282 uint32_t *bitmap_table_size, Error **errp)
1285 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1288 uint64_t bm_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap);
1289 const char *bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1290 uint8_t *buf = NULL;
1291 BdrvDirtyBitmapIter *dbi;
1295 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, 0, bm_size));
1297 if (tb_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE ||
1298 tb_size * s->cluster_size > BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE)
1300 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is too big", bm_name);
1304 tb = g_try_new0(uint64_t, tb_size);
1306 error_setg(errp, "No memory");
1310 dbi = bdrv_dirty_iter_new(bitmap);
1311 buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
1312 limit = bytes_covered_by_bitmap_cluster(s, bitmap);
1313 assert(DIV_ROUND_UP(bm_size, limit) == tb_size);
1315 while ((offset = bdrv_dirty_iter_next(dbi)) >= 0) {
1316 uint64_t cluster = offset / limit;
1317 uint64_t end, write_size;
1321 * We found the first dirty offset, but want to write out the
1322 * entire cluster of the bitmap that includes that offset,
1323 * including any leading zero bits.
1325 offset = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, limit);
1326 end = MIN(bm_size, offset + limit);
1327 write_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, offset,
1329 assert(write_size <= s->cluster_size);
1331 off = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, s->cluster_size);
1333 error_setg_errno(errp, -off,
1334 "Failed to allocate clusters for bitmap '%s'",
1340 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialize_part(bitmap, buf, offset, end - offset);
1341 if (write_size < s->cluster_size) {
1342 memset(buf + write_size, 0, s->cluster_size - write_size);
1345 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, off, s->cluster_size, false);
1347 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Qcow2 overlap check failed");
1351 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, off, buf, s->cluster_size);
1353 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write bitmap '%s' to file",
1358 if (end >= bm_size) {
1362 bdrv_set_dirty_iter(dbi, end);
1365 *bitmap_table_size = tb_size;
1367 bdrv_dirty_iter_free(dbi);
1372 clear_bitmap_table(bs, tb, tb_size);
1374 bdrv_dirty_iter_free(dbi);
1381 * Store bm->dirty_bitmap to qcow2.
1382 * Set bm->table_offset and bm->table_size accordingly.
1384 static int store_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Bitmap *bm, Error **errp)
1390 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bm->dirty_bitmap;
1391 const char *bm_name;
1393 assert(bitmap != NULL);
1395 bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1397 tb = store_bitmap_data(bs, bitmap, &tb_size, errp);
1402 assert(tb_size <= BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
1403 tb_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]));
1404 if (tb_offset < 0) {
1405 error_setg_errno(errp, -tb_offset,
1406 "Failed to allocate clusters for bitmap '%s'",
1412 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, tb_offset,
1413 tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]), false);
1415 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Qcow2 overlap check failed");
1419 bitmap_table_to_be(tb, tb_size);
1420 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, tb_offset, tb, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]));
1422 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write bitmap '%s' to file",
1429 bm->table.offset = tb_offset;
1430 bm->table.size = tb_size;
1435 clear_bitmap_table(bs, tb, tb_size);
1437 if (tb_offset > 0) {
1438 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, tb_offset, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]),
1439 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
1447 static Qcow2Bitmap *find_bitmap_by_name(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list,
1452 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1453 if (strcmp(name, bm->name) == 0) {
1461 int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
1466 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1467 Qcow2Bitmap *bm = NULL;
1468 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1470 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1472 * Absence of the bitmap is not an error: see explanation above
1473 * bdrv_co_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap() definition.
1478 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1480 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1481 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1482 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1487 bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1489 /* Absence of the bitmap is not an error, see above. */
1494 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE(bm_list, bm, Qcow2Bitmap, entry);
1496 ret = update_ext_header_and_dir(bs, bm_list);
1498 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update bitmap extension");
1502 free_bitmap_clusters(bs, &bm->table);
1505 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1508 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1514 * qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps
1516 * Stores persistent BdrvDirtyBitmap objects.
1518 * @release_stored: if true, release BdrvDirtyBitmap's after storing to the
1519 * image. This is used in two cases, both via qcow2_inactivate:
1520 * 1. bdrv_close: It's correct to remove bitmaps on close.
1521 * 2. migration: If bitmaps are migrated through migration channel via
1522 * 'dirty-bitmaps' migration capability they are not handled by this code.
1523 * Otherwise, it's OK to drop BdrvDirtyBitmap's and reload them on
1526 * Anyway, it's correct to remove BdrvDirtyBitmap's on inactivation, as
1527 * inactivation means that we lose control on disk, and therefore on bitmaps,
1528 * we should sync them and do not touch more.
1530 * Contrariwise, we don't want to release any bitmaps on just reopen-to-ro,
1531 * when we need to store them, as image is still under our control, and it's
1532 * good to keep all the bitmaps in read-only mode. Moreover, keeping them
1533 * read-only is correct because this is what would happen if we opened the node
1534 * readonly to begin with, and whether we opened directly or reopened to that
1535 * state shouldn't matter for the state we get afterward.
1537 void qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs,
1538 bool release_stored, Error **errp)
1540 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1541 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1542 uint32_t new_nb_bitmaps = s->nb_bitmaps;
1543 uint64_t new_dir_size = s->bitmap_directory_size;
1545 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1547 QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, Qcow2BitmapTable) drop_tables;
1548 Qcow2BitmapTable *tb, *tb_next;
1549 bool need_write = false;
1551 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&drop_tables);
1553 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1554 bm_list = bitmap_list_new();
1556 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1557 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1558 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1563 /* check constraints and names */
1564 FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(bs, bitmap) {
1565 const char *name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1566 uint32_t granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap);
1569 if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bitmap) ||
1570 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap) ||
1571 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_inconsistent(bitmap)) {
1577 if (check_constraints_on_bitmap(bs, name, granularity, errp) < 0) {
1578 error_prepend(errp, "Bitmap '%s' doesn't satisfy the constraints: ",
1583 bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1585 if (++new_nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
1586 error_setg(errp, "Too many persistent bitmaps");
1590 new_dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0);
1591 if (new_dir_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
1592 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap directory is too large");
1596 bm = g_new0(Qcow2Bitmap, 1);
1597 bm->name = g_strdup(name);
1598 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bm_list, bm, entry);
1600 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
1601 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' already exists in the image",
1605 tb = g_memdup(&bm->table, sizeof(bm->table));
1606 bm->table.offset = 0;
1608 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drop_tables, tb, entry);
1610 bm->flags = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bitmap) ? BME_FLAG_AUTO : 0;
1611 bm->granularity_bits = ctz32(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap));
1612 bm->dirty_bitmap = bitmap;
1619 if (!can_write(bs)) {
1620 error_setg(errp, "No write access");
1624 /* allocate clusters and store bitmaps */
1625 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1626 if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL) {
1630 ret = store_bitmap(bs, bm, errp);
1636 ret = update_ext_header_and_dir(bs, bm_list);
1638 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update bitmap extension");
1642 /* Bitmap directory was successfully updated, so, old data can be dropped.
1643 * TODO it is better to reuse these clusters */
1644 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(tb, &drop_tables, entry, tb_next) {
1645 free_bitmap_clusters(bs, tb);
1649 if (release_stored) {
1650 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1651 if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL) {
1655 bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bm->dirty_bitmap);
1660 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1664 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1665 if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL || bm->table.offset == 0) {
1669 free_bitmap_clusters(bs, &bm->table);
1672 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(tb, &drop_tables, entry, tb_next) {
1676 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1679 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_ro(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1681 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1682 Error *local_err = NULL;
1684 qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(bs, false, &local_err);
1685 if (local_err != NULL) {
1686 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1690 FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(bs, bitmap) {
1691 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bitmap)) {
1692 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_readonly(bitmap, true);
1699 bool coroutine_fn qcow2_co_can_store_new_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
1701 uint32_t granularity,
1704 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1705 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1706 uint64_t bitmap_directory_size = 0;
1707 uint32_t nb_bitmaps = 0;
1709 if (bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, name)) {
1710 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap already exists: %s", name);
1714 if (s->qcow_version < 3) {
1715 /* Without autoclear_features, we would always have to assume
1716 * that a program without persistent dirty bitmap support has
1717 * accessed this qcow2 file when opening it, and would thus
1718 * have to drop all dirty bitmaps (defeating their purpose).
1720 error_setg(errp, "Cannot store dirty bitmaps in qcow2 v2 files");
1724 if (check_constraints_on_bitmap(bs, name, granularity, errp) != 0) {
1728 FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(bs, bitmap) {
1729 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bitmap)) {
1731 bitmap_directory_size +=
1732 calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap)), 0);
1736 bitmap_directory_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0);
1738 if (nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
1740 "Maximum number of persistent bitmaps is already reached");
1744 if (bitmap_directory_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
1745 error_setg(errp, "Not enough space in the bitmap directory");
1752 error_prepend(errp, "Can't make bitmap '%s' persistent in '%s': ",
1753 name, bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));