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1 /*
2  * QEMU PowerPC pSeries Logical Partition (aka sPAPR) hardware System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2004-2007 Fabrice Bellard
5  * Copyright (c) 2007 Jocelyn Mayer
6  * Copyright (c) 2010 David Gibson, IBM Corporation.
7  *
8  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
9  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
10  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
11  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
12  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
13  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
14  *
15  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
16  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
17  *
18  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
19  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
20  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
21  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
22  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
23  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24  * THE SOFTWARE.
25  *
26  */
27 #include "sysemu.h"
28 #include "hw.h"
29 #include "elf.h"
30 #include "net.h"
31 #include "blockdev.h"
32
33 #include "hw/boards.h"
34 #include "hw/ppc.h"
35 #include "hw/loader.h"
36
37 #include "hw/spapr.h"
38 #include "hw/spapr_vio.h"
39 #include "hw/xics.h"
40
41 #include <libfdt.h>
42
43 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR        0x00000000
44 #define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR        0x02800000
45 #define FDT_MAX_SIZE            0x10000
46 #define RTAS_MAX_SIZE           0x10000
47 #define FW_MAX_SIZE             0x400000
48 #define FW_FILE_NAME            "slof.bin"
49
50 #define MIN_RAM_SLOF            512UL
51
52 #define TIMEBASE_FREQ           512000000ULL
53
54 #define MAX_CPUS                32
55 #define XICS_IRQS               1024
56
57 sPAPREnvironment *spapr;
58
59 static void *spapr_create_fdt(int *fdt_size, ram_addr_t ramsize,
60                               const char *cpu_model, CPUState *envs[],
61                               sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
62                               target_phys_addr_t initrd_base,
63                               target_phys_addr_t initrd_size,
64                               const char *boot_device,
65                               const char *kernel_cmdline,
66                               target_phys_addr_t rtas_addr,
67                               target_phys_addr_t rtas_size,
68                               long hash_shift)
69 {
70     void *fdt;
71     uint64_t mem_reg_property[] = { 0, cpu_to_be64(ramsize) };
72     uint32_t start_prop = cpu_to_be32(initrd_base);
73     uint32_t end_prop = cpu_to_be32(initrd_base + initrd_size);
74     uint32_t pft_size_prop[] = {0, cpu_to_be32(hash_shift)};
75     char hypertas_prop[] = "hcall-pft\0hcall-term\0hcall-dabr\0hcall-interrupt"
76         "\0hcall-tce\0hcall-vio\0hcall-splpar";
77     uint32_t interrupt_server_ranges_prop[] = {0, cpu_to_be32(smp_cpus)};
78     int i;
79     char *modelname;
80     int ret;
81
82 #define _FDT(exp) \
83     do { \
84         int ret = (exp);                                           \
85         if (ret < 0) {                                             \
86             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: error creating device tree: %s: %s\n", \
87                     #exp, fdt_strerror(ret));                      \
88             exit(1);                                               \
89         }                                                          \
90     } while (0)
91
92     fdt = qemu_mallocz(FDT_MAX_SIZE);
93     _FDT((fdt_create(fdt, FDT_MAX_SIZE)));
94
95     _FDT((fdt_finish_reservemap(fdt)));
96
97     /* Root node */
98     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "")));
99     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "chrp")));
100     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "model", "qemu,emulated-pSeries-LPAR")));
101
102     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#address-cells", 0x2)));
103     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#size-cells", 0x2)));
104
105     /* /chosen */
106     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "chosen")));
107
108     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "bootargs", kernel_cmdline)));
109     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "linux,initrd-start",
110                        &start_prop, sizeof(start_prop))));
111     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "linux,initrd-end",
112                        &end_prop, sizeof(end_prop))));
113     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "qemu,boot-device", boot_device)));
114
115     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
116
117     /* memory node */
118     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "memory@0")));
119
120     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "memory")));
121     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "reg",
122                        mem_reg_property, sizeof(mem_reg_property))));
123
124     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
125
126     /* cpus */
127     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "cpus")));
128
129     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#address-cells", 0x1)));
130     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#size-cells", 0x0)));
131
132     modelname = qemu_strdup(cpu_model);
133
134     for (i = 0; i < strlen(modelname); i++) {
135         modelname[i] = toupper(modelname[i]);
136     }
137
138     for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
139         CPUState *env = envs[i];
140         uint32_t gserver_prop[] = {cpu_to_be32(i), 0}; /* HACK! */
141         char *nodename;
142         uint32_t segs[] = {cpu_to_be32(28), cpu_to_be32(40),
143                            0xffffffff, 0xffffffff};
144
145         if (asprintf(&nodename, "%s@%x", modelname, i) < 0) {
146             fprintf(stderr, "Allocation failure\n");
147             exit(1);
148         }
149
150         _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, nodename)));
151
152         free(nodename);
153
154         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "reg", i)));
155         _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "cpu")));
156
157         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "cpu-version", env->spr[SPR_PVR])));
158         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "dcache-block-size",
159                                 env->dcache_line_size)));
160         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "icache-block-size",
161                                 env->icache_line_size)));
162         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "timebase-frequency", TIMEBASE_FREQ)));
163         /* Hardcode CPU frequency for now.  It's kind of arbitrary on
164          * full emu, for kvm we should copy it from the host */
165         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "clock-frequency", 1000000000)));
166         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "ibm,slb-size", env->slb_nr)));
167         _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,pft-size",
168                            pft_size_prop, sizeof(pft_size_prop))));
169         _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "status", "okay")));
170         _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "64-bit", NULL, 0)));
171         _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "ibm,ppc-interrupt-server#s", i)));
172         _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,ppc-interrupt-gserver#s",
173                            gserver_prop, sizeof(gserver_prop))));
174
175         if (envs[i]->mmu_model & POWERPC_MMU_1TSEG) {
176             _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,processor-segment-sizes",
177                                segs, sizeof(segs))));
178         }
179
180         _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
181     }
182
183     qemu_free(modelname);
184
185     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
186
187     /* RTAS */
188     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "rtas")));
189
190     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,hypertas-functions", hypertas_prop,
191                        sizeof(hypertas_prop))));
192
193     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
194
195     /* interrupt controller */
196     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "interrupt-controller@0")));
197
198     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type",
199                               "PowerPC-External-Interrupt-Presentation")));
200     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", "IBM,ppc-xicp")));
201     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "reg", 0)));
202     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0)));
203     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,interrupt-server-ranges",
204                        interrupt_server_ranges_prop,
205                        sizeof(interrupt_server_ranges_prop))));
206
207     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
208
209     /* vdevice */
210     _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "vdevice")));
211
212     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "vdevice")));
213     _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", "IBM,vdevice")));
214     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#address-cells", 0x1)));
215     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#size-cells", 0x0)));
216     _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#interrupt-cells", 0x2)));
217     _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0)));
218
219     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));
220
221     _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt))); /* close root node */
222     _FDT((fdt_finish(fdt)));
223
224     /* re-expand to allow for further tweaks */
225     _FDT((fdt_open_into(fdt, fdt, FDT_MAX_SIZE)));
226
227     ret = spapr_populate_vdevice(spapr->vio_bus, fdt);
228     if (ret < 0) {
229         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't setup vio devices in fdt\n");
230         exit(1);
231     }
232
233     /* RTAS */
234     ret = spapr_rtas_device_tree_setup(fdt, rtas_addr, rtas_size);
235     if (ret < 0) {
236         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set up RTAS device tree properties\n");
237     }
238
239     _FDT((fdt_pack(fdt)));
240
241     *fdt_size = fdt_totalsize(fdt);
242
243     return fdt;
244 }
245
246 static uint64_t translate_kernel_address(void *opaque, uint64_t addr)
247 {
248     return (addr & 0x0fffffff) + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
249 }
250
251 static void emulate_spapr_hypercall(CPUState *env)
252 {
253     env->gpr[3] = spapr_hypercall(env, env->gpr[3], &env->gpr[4]);
254 }
255
256 /* pSeries LPAR / sPAPR hardware init */
257 static void ppc_spapr_init(ram_addr_t ram_size,
258                            const char *boot_device,
259                            const char *kernel_filename,
260                            const char *kernel_cmdline,
261                            const char *initrd_filename,
262                            const char *cpu_model)
263 {
264     CPUState *envs[MAX_CPUS];
265     void *fdt, *htab;
266     int i;
267     ram_addr_t ram_offset;
268     target_phys_addr_t fdt_addr, rtas_addr;
269     uint32_t kernel_base, initrd_base;
270     long kernel_size, initrd_size, htab_size, rtas_size, fw_size;
271     long pteg_shift = 17;
272     int fdt_size;
273     char *filename;
274     int irq = 16;
275
276     spapr = qemu_malloc(sizeof(*spapr));
277     cpu_ppc_hypercall = emulate_spapr_hypercall;
278
279     /* We place the device tree just below either the top of RAM, or
280      * 2GB, so that it can be processed with 32-bit code if
281      * necessary */
282     fdt_addr = MIN(ram_size, 0x80000000) - FDT_MAX_SIZE;
283     /* RTAS goes just below that */
284     rtas_addr = fdt_addr - RTAS_MAX_SIZE;
285
286     /* init CPUs */
287     if (cpu_model == NULL) {
288         cpu_model = "POWER7";
289     }
290     for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
291         CPUState *env = cpu_init(cpu_model);
292
293         if (!env) {
294             fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find PowerPC CPU definition\n");
295             exit(1);
296         }
297         /* Set time-base frequency to 512 MHz */
298         cpu_ppc_tb_init(env, TIMEBASE_FREQ);
299         qemu_register_reset((QEMUResetHandler *)&cpu_reset, env);
300
301         env->hreset_vector = 0x60;
302         env->hreset_excp_prefix = 0;
303         env->gpr[3] = i;
304
305         envs[i] = env;
306     }
307
308     /* allocate RAM */
309     ram_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(NULL, "ppc_spapr.ram", ram_size);
310     cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, ram_offset);
311
312     /* allocate hash page table.  For now we always make this 16mb,
313      * later we should probably make it scale to the size of guest
314      * RAM */
315     htab_size = 1ULL << (pteg_shift + 7);
316     htab = qemu_mallocz(htab_size);
317
318     for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
319         envs[i]->external_htab = htab;
320         envs[i]->htab_base = -1;
321         envs[i]->htab_mask = htab_size - 1;
322     }
323
324     filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, "spapr-rtas.bin");
325     rtas_size = load_image_targphys(filename, rtas_addr, ram_size - rtas_addr);
326     if (rtas_size < 0) {
327         hw_error("qemu: could not load LPAR rtas '%s'\n", filename);
328         exit(1);
329     }
330     qemu_free(filename);
331
332     /* Set up Interrupt Controller */
333     spapr->icp = xics_system_init(smp_cpus, envs, XICS_IRQS);
334
335     /* Set up VIO bus */
336     spapr->vio_bus = spapr_vio_bus_init();
337
338     for (i = 0; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++, irq++) {
339         if (serial_hds[i]) {
340             spapr_vty_create(spapr->vio_bus, i, serial_hds[i],
341                              xics_find_qirq(spapr->icp, irq), irq);
342         }
343     }
344
345     for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++, irq++) {
346         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
347
348         if (!nd->model) {
349             nd->model = qemu_strdup("ibmveth");
350         }
351
352         if (strcmp(nd->model, "ibmveth") == 0) {
353             spapr_vlan_create(spapr->vio_bus, 0x1000 + i, nd,
354                               xics_find_qirq(spapr->icp, irq), irq);
355         } else {
356             fprintf(stderr, "pSeries (sPAPR) platform does not support "
357                     "NIC model '%s' (only ibmveth is supported)\n",
358                     nd->model);
359             exit(1);
360         }
361     }
362
363     for (i = 0; i <= drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI); i++) {
364         spapr_vscsi_create(spapr->vio_bus, 0x2000 + i,
365                            xics_find_qirq(spapr->icp, irq), irq);
366         irq++;
367     }
368
369     if (kernel_filename) {
370         uint64_t lowaddr = 0;
371
372         kernel_base = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
373
374         kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, translate_kernel_address, NULL,
375                                NULL, &lowaddr, NULL, 1, ELF_MACHINE, 0);
376         if (kernel_size < 0) {
377             kernel_size = load_image_targphys(kernel_filename, kernel_base,
378                                               ram_size - kernel_base);
379         }
380         if (kernel_size < 0) {
381             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
382                     kernel_filename);
383             exit(1);
384         }
385
386         /* load initrd */
387         if (initrd_filename) {
388             initrd_base = INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
389             initrd_size = load_image_targphys(initrd_filename, initrd_base,
390                                               ram_size - initrd_base);
391             if (initrd_size < 0) {
392                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
393                         initrd_filename);
394                 exit(1);
395             }
396         } else {
397             initrd_base = 0;
398             initrd_size = 0;
399         }
400     } else {
401         if (ram_size < (MIN_RAM_SLOF << 20)) {
402             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: pSeries SLOF firmware requires >= "
403                     "%ldM guest RAM\n", MIN_RAM_SLOF);
404             exit(1);
405         }
406         filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, "slof.bin");
407         fw_size = load_image_targphys(filename, 0, FW_MAX_SIZE);
408         if (fw_size < 0) {
409             hw_error("qemu: could not load LPAR rtas '%s'\n", filename);
410             exit(1);
411         }
412         qemu_free(filename);
413         kernel_base = 0x100;
414         initrd_base = 0;
415         initrd_size = 0;
416
417         /* SLOF will startup the secondary CPUs using RTAS,
418            rather than expecting a kexec() style entry */
419         for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
420             envs[i]->halted = 1;
421         }
422     }
423
424     /* Prepare the device tree */
425     fdt = spapr_create_fdt(&fdt_size, ram_size, cpu_model, envs, spapr,
426                            initrd_base, initrd_size,
427                            boot_device, kernel_cmdline,
428                            rtas_addr, rtas_size, pteg_shift + 7);
429     assert(fdt != NULL);
430
431     cpu_physical_memory_write(fdt_addr, fdt, fdt_size);
432
433     qemu_free(fdt);
434
435     envs[0]->gpr[3] = fdt_addr;
436     envs[0]->gpr[5] = 0;
437     envs[0]->hreset_vector = kernel_base;
438     envs[0]->halted = 0;
439 }
440
441 static QEMUMachine spapr_machine = {
442     .name = "pseries",
443     .desc = "pSeries Logical Partition (PAPR compliant)",
444     .init = ppc_spapr_init,
445     .max_cpus = MAX_CPUS,
446     .no_vga = 1,
447     .no_parallel = 1,
448     .use_scsi = 1,
449 };
450
451 static void spapr_machine_init(void)
452 {
453     qemu_register_machine(&spapr_machine);
454 }
455
456 machine_init(spapr_machine_init);
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