4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
6 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17 * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 #include <sys/types.h>
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
32 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
33 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
34 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
35 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
36 #include "qemu/timer.h"
37 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
38 #include "exec/memory.h"
39 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
40 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
41 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
43 #else /* !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */
44 #include "sysemu/xen-mapcache.h"
47 #include "exec/cpu-all.h"
49 #include "exec/cputlb.h"
50 #include "translate-all.h"
52 #include "exec/memory-internal.h"
53 #include "exec/ram_addr.h"
54 #include "qemu/cache-utils.h"
56 #include "qemu/range.h"
58 //#define DEBUG_SUBPAGE
60 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
61 static bool in_migration;
63 RAMList ram_list = { .blocks = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ram_list.blocks) };
65 static MemoryRegion *system_memory;
66 static MemoryRegion *system_io;
68 AddressSpace address_space_io;
69 AddressSpace address_space_memory;
71 MemoryRegion io_mem_rom, io_mem_notdirty;
72 static MemoryRegion io_mem_unassigned;
76 struct CPUTailQ cpus = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(cpus);
77 /* current CPU in the current thread. It is only valid inside
79 DEFINE_TLS(CPUState *, current_cpu);
80 /* 0 = Do not count executed instructions.
81 1 = Precise instruction counting.
82 2 = Adaptive rate instruction counting. */
85 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
87 typedef struct PhysPageEntry PhysPageEntry;
89 struct PhysPageEntry {
90 /* How many bits skip to next level (in units of L2_SIZE). 0 for a leaf. */
92 /* index into phys_sections (!skip) or phys_map_nodes (skip) */
96 #define PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL (((uint32_t)~0) >> 6)
98 /* Size of the L2 (and L3, etc) page tables. */
99 #define ADDR_SPACE_BITS 64
102 #define P_L2_SIZE (1 << P_L2_BITS)
104 #define P_L2_LEVELS (((ADDR_SPACE_BITS - TARGET_PAGE_BITS - 1) / P_L2_BITS) + 1)
106 typedef PhysPageEntry Node[P_L2_SIZE];
108 typedef struct PhysPageMap {
109 unsigned sections_nb;
110 unsigned sections_nb_alloc;
112 unsigned nodes_nb_alloc;
114 MemoryRegionSection *sections;
117 struct AddressSpaceDispatch {
118 /* This is a multi-level map on the physical address space.
119 * The bottom level has pointers to MemoryRegionSections.
121 PhysPageEntry phys_map;
126 #define SUBPAGE_IDX(addr) ((addr) & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
127 typedef struct subpage_t {
131 uint16_t sub_section[TARGET_PAGE_SIZE];
134 #define PHYS_SECTION_UNASSIGNED 0
135 #define PHYS_SECTION_NOTDIRTY 1
136 #define PHYS_SECTION_ROM 2
137 #define PHYS_SECTION_WATCH 3
139 static void io_mem_init(void);
140 static void memory_map_init(void);
142 static MemoryRegion io_mem_watch;
145 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
147 static void phys_map_node_reserve(PhysPageMap *map, unsigned nodes)
149 if (map->nodes_nb + nodes > map->nodes_nb_alloc) {
150 map->nodes_nb_alloc = MAX(map->nodes_nb_alloc * 2, 16);
151 map->nodes_nb_alloc = MAX(map->nodes_nb_alloc, map->nodes_nb + nodes);
152 map->nodes = g_renew(Node, map->nodes, map->nodes_nb_alloc);
156 static uint32_t phys_map_node_alloc(PhysPageMap *map)
161 ret = map->nodes_nb++;
162 assert(ret != PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL);
163 assert(ret != map->nodes_nb_alloc);
164 for (i = 0; i < P_L2_SIZE; ++i) {
165 map->nodes[ret][i].skip = 1;
166 map->nodes[ret][i].ptr = PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL;
171 static void phys_page_set_level(PhysPageMap *map, PhysPageEntry *lp,
172 hwaddr *index, hwaddr *nb, uint16_t leaf,
177 hwaddr step = (hwaddr)1 << (level * P_L2_BITS);
179 if (lp->skip && lp->ptr == PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL) {
180 lp->ptr = phys_map_node_alloc(map);
181 p = map->nodes[lp->ptr];
183 for (i = 0; i < P_L2_SIZE; i++) {
185 p[i].ptr = PHYS_SECTION_UNASSIGNED;
189 p = map->nodes[lp->ptr];
191 lp = &p[(*index >> (level * P_L2_BITS)) & (P_L2_SIZE - 1)];
193 while (*nb && lp < &p[P_L2_SIZE]) {
194 if ((*index & (step - 1)) == 0 && *nb >= step) {
200 phys_page_set_level(map, lp, index, nb, leaf, level - 1);
206 static void phys_page_set(AddressSpaceDispatch *d,
207 hwaddr index, hwaddr nb,
210 /* Wildly overreserve - it doesn't matter much. */
211 phys_map_node_reserve(&d->map, 3 * P_L2_LEVELS);
213 phys_page_set_level(&d->map, &d->phys_map, &index, &nb, leaf, P_L2_LEVELS - 1);
216 /* Compact a non leaf page entry. Simply detect that the entry has a single child,
217 * and update our entry so we can skip it and go directly to the destination.
219 static void phys_page_compact(PhysPageEntry *lp, Node *nodes, unsigned long *compacted)
221 unsigned valid_ptr = P_L2_SIZE;
226 if (lp->ptr == PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL) {
231 for (i = 0; i < P_L2_SIZE; i++) {
232 if (p[i].ptr == PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL) {
239 phys_page_compact(&p[i], nodes, compacted);
243 /* We can only compress if there's only one child. */
248 assert(valid_ptr < P_L2_SIZE);
250 /* Don't compress if it won't fit in the # of bits we have. */
251 if (lp->skip + p[valid_ptr].skip >= (1 << 3)) {
255 lp->ptr = p[valid_ptr].ptr;
256 if (!p[valid_ptr].skip) {
257 /* If our only child is a leaf, make this a leaf. */
258 /* By design, we should have made this node a leaf to begin with so we
259 * should never reach here.
260 * But since it's so simple to handle this, let's do it just in case we
265 lp->skip += p[valid_ptr].skip;
269 static void phys_page_compact_all(AddressSpaceDispatch *d, int nodes_nb)
271 DECLARE_BITMAP(compacted, nodes_nb);
273 if (d->phys_map.skip) {
274 phys_page_compact(&d->phys_map, d->map.nodes, compacted);
278 static MemoryRegionSection *phys_page_find(PhysPageEntry lp, hwaddr addr,
279 Node *nodes, MemoryRegionSection *sections)
282 hwaddr index = addr >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
285 for (i = P_L2_LEVELS; lp.skip && (i -= lp.skip) >= 0;) {
286 if (lp.ptr == PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL) {
287 return §ions[PHYS_SECTION_UNASSIGNED];
290 lp = p[(index >> (i * P_L2_BITS)) & (P_L2_SIZE - 1)];
293 if (sections[lp.ptr].size.hi ||
294 range_covers_byte(sections[lp.ptr].offset_within_address_space,
295 sections[lp.ptr].size.lo, addr)) {
296 return §ions[lp.ptr];
298 return §ions[PHYS_SECTION_UNASSIGNED];
302 bool memory_region_is_unassigned(MemoryRegion *mr)
304 return mr != &io_mem_rom && mr != &io_mem_notdirty && !mr->rom_device
305 && mr != &io_mem_watch;
308 static MemoryRegionSection *address_space_lookup_region(AddressSpaceDispatch *d,
310 bool resolve_subpage)
312 MemoryRegionSection *section;
315 section = phys_page_find(d->phys_map, addr, d->map.nodes, d->map.sections);
316 if (resolve_subpage && section->mr->subpage) {
317 subpage = container_of(section->mr, subpage_t, iomem);
318 section = &d->map.sections[subpage->sub_section[SUBPAGE_IDX(addr)]];
323 static MemoryRegionSection *
324 address_space_translate_internal(AddressSpaceDispatch *d, hwaddr addr, hwaddr *xlat,
325 hwaddr *plen, bool resolve_subpage)
327 MemoryRegionSection *section;
330 section = address_space_lookup_region(d, addr, resolve_subpage);
331 /* Compute offset within MemoryRegionSection */
332 addr -= section->offset_within_address_space;
334 /* Compute offset within MemoryRegion */
335 *xlat = addr + section->offset_within_region;
337 diff = int128_sub(section->mr->size, int128_make64(addr));
338 *plen = int128_get64(int128_min(diff, int128_make64(*plen)));
342 static inline bool memory_access_is_direct(MemoryRegion *mr, bool is_write)
344 if (memory_region_is_ram(mr)) {
345 return !(is_write && mr->readonly);
347 if (memory_region_is_romd(mr)) {
354 MemoryRegion *address_space_translate(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr,
355 hwaddr *xlat, hwaddr *plen,
359 MemoryRegionSection *section;
364 section = address_space_translate_internal(as->dispatch, addr, &addr, plen, true);
367 if (!mr->iommu_ops) {
371 iotlb = mr->iommu_ops->translate(mr, addr);
372 addr = ((iotlb.translated_addr & ~iotlb.addr_mask)
373 | (addr & iotlb.addr_mask));
374 len = MIN(len, (addr | iotlb.addr_mask) - addr + 1);
375 if (!(iotlb.perm & (1 << is_write))) {
376 mr = &io_mem_unassigned;
380 as = iotlb.target_as;
383 if (memory_access_is_direct(mr, is_write)) {
384 hwaddr page = ((addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK) + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) - addr;
385 len = MIN(page, len);
393 MemoryRegionSection *
394 address_space_translate_for_iotlb(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, hwaddr *xlat,
397 MemoryRegionSection *section;
398 section = address_space_translate_internal(as->dispatch, addr, xlat, plen, false);
400 assert(!section->mr->iommu_ops);
405 void cpu_exec_init_all(void)
407 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
408 qemu_mutex_init(&ram_list.mutex);
414 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
416 static int cpu_common_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
418 CPUState *cpu = opaque;
420 /* 0x01 was CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT. This line can be removed when the
421 version_id is increased. */
422 cpu->interrupt_request &= ~0x01;
423 tlb_flush(cpu->env_ptr, 1);
428 const VMStateDescription vmstate_cpu_common = {
429 .name = "cpu_common",
431 .minimum_version_id = 1,
432 .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
433 .post_load = cpu_common_post_load,
434 .fields = (VMStateField []) {
435 VMSTATE_UINT32(halted, CPUState),
436 VMSTATE_UINT32(interrupt_request, CPUState),
437 VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
443 CPUState *qemu_get_cpu(int index)
448 if (cpu->cpu_index == index) {
456 void cpu_exec_init(CPUArchState *env)
458 CPUState *cpu = ENV_GET_CPU(env);
459 CPUClass *cc = CPU_GET_CLASS(cpu);
463 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
467 CPU_FOREACH(some_cpu) {
470 cpu->cpu_index = cpu_index;
472 QTAILQ_INIT(&env->breakpoints);
473 QTAILQ_INIT(&env->watchpoints);
474 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
475 cpu->thread_id = qemu_get_thread_id();
477 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cpus, cpu, node);
478 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
481 if (qdev_get_vmsd(DEVICE(cpu)) == NULL) {
482 vmstate_register(NULL, cpu_index, &vmstate_cpu_common, cpu);
484 #if defined(CPU_SAVE_VERSION) && !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
485 register_savevm(NULL, "cpu", cpu_index, CPU_SAVE_VERSION,
486 cpu_save, cpu_load, env);
487 assert(cc->vmsd == NULL);
488 assert(qdev_get_vmsd(DEVICE(cpu)) == NULL);
490 if (cc->vmsd != NULL) {
491 vmstate_register(NULL, cpu_index, cc->vmsd, cpu);
495 #if defined(TARGET_HAS_ICE)
496 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
497 static void breakpoint_invalidate(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong pc)
499 tb_invalidate_phys_page_range(pc, pc + 1, 0);
502 static void breakpoint_invalidate(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong pc)
504 hwaddr phys = cpu_get_phys_page_debug(cpu, pc);
506 tb_invalidate_phys_addr(phys | (pc & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK));
510 #endif /* TARGET_HAS_ICE */
512 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
513 void cpu_watchpoint_remove_all(CPUArchState *env, int mask)
518 int cpu_watchpoint_insert(CPUArchState *env, target_ulong addr, target_ulong len,
519 int flags, CPUWatchpoint **watchpoint)
524 /* Add a watchpoint. */
525 int cpu_watchpoint_insert(CPUArchState *env, target_ulong addr, target_ulong len,
526 int flags, CPUWatchpoint **watchpoint)
528 target_ulong len_mask = ~(len - 1);
531 /* sanity checks: allow power-of-2 lengths, deny unaligned watchpoints */
532 if ((len & (len - 1)) || (addr & ~len_mask) ||
533 len == 0 || len > TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
534 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: tried to set invalid watchpoint at "
535 TARGET_FMT_lx ", len=" TARGET_FMT_lu "\n", addr, len);
538 wp = g_malloc(sizeof(*wp));
541 wp->len_mask = len_mask;
544 /* keep all GDB-injected watchpoints in front */
546 QTAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&env->watchpoints, wp, entry);
548 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&env->watchpoints, wp, entry);
550 tlb_flush_page(env, addr);
557 /* Remove a specific watchpoint. */
558 int cpu_watchpoint_remove(CPUArchState *env, target_ulong addr, target_ulong len,
561 target_ulong len_mask = ~(len - 1);
564 QTAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &env->watchpoints, entry) {
565 if (addr == wp->vaddr && len_mask == wp->len_mask
566 && flags == (wp->flags & ~BP_WATCHPOINT_HIT)) {
567 cpu_watchpoint_remove_by_ref(env, wp);
574 /* Remove a specific watchpoint by reference. */
575 void cpu_watchpoint_remove_by_ref(CPUArchState *env, CPUWatchpoint *watchpoint)
577 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&env->watchpoints, watchpoint, entry);
579 tlb_flush_page(env, watchpoint->vaddr);
584 /* Remove all matching watchpoints. */
585 void cpu_watchpoint_remove_all(CPUArchState *env, int mask)
587 CPUWatchpoint *wp, *next;
589 QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(wp, &env->watchpoints, entry, next) {
590 if (wp->flags & mask)
591 cpu_watchpoint_remove_by_ref(env, wp);
596 /* Add a breakpoint. */
597 int cpu_breakpoint_insert(CPUArchState *env, target_ulong pc, int flags,
598 CPUBreakpoint **breakpoint)
600 #if defined(TARGET_HAS_ICE)
603 bp = g_malloc(sizeof(*bp));
608 /* keep all GDB-injected breakpoints in front */
609 if (flags & BP_GDB) {
610 QTAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&env->breakpoints, bp, entry);
612 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&env->breakpoints, bp, entry);
615 breakpoint_invalidate(ENV_GET_CPU(env), pc);
626 /* Remove a specific breakpoint. */
627 int cpu_breakpoint_remove(CPUArchState *env, target_ulong pc, int flags)
629 #if defined(TARGET_HAS_ICE)
632 QTAILQ_FOREACH(bp, &env->breakpoints, entry) {
633 if (bp->pc == pc && bp->flags == flags) {
634 cpu_breakpoint_remove_by_ref(env, bp);
644 /* Remove a specific breakpoint by reference. */
645 void cpu_breakpoint_remove_by_ref(CPUArchState *env, CPUBreakpoint *breakpoint)
647 #if defined(TARGET_HAS_ICE)
648 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&env->breakpoints, breakpoint, entry);
650 breakpoint_invalidate(ENV_GET_CPU(env), breakpoint->pc);
656 /* Remove all matching breakpoints. */
657 void cpu_breakpoint_remove_all(CPUArchState *env, int mask)
659 #if defined(TARGET_HAS_ICE)
660 CPUBreakpoint *bp, *next;
662 QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(bp, &env->breakpoints, entry, next) {
663 if (bp->flags & mask)
664 cpu_breakpoint_remove_by_ref(env, bp);
669 /* enable or disable single step mode. EXCP_DEBUG is returned by the
670 CPU loop after each instruction */
671 void cpu_single_step(CPUState *cpu, int enabled)
673 #if defined(TARGET_HAS_ICE)
674 if (cpu->singlestep_enabled != enabled) {
675 cpu->singlestep_enabled = enabled;
677 kvm_update_guest_debug(cpu, 0);
679 /* must flush all the translated code to avoid inconsistencies */
680 /* XXX: only flush what is necessary */
681 CPUArchState *env = cpu->env_ptr;
688 void cpu_abort(CPUArchState *env, const char *fmt, ...)
690 CPUState *cpu = ENV_GET_CPU(env);
696 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: fatal: ");
697 vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
698 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
699 cpu_dump_state(cpu, stderr, fprintf, CPU_DUMP_FPU | CPU_DUMP_CCOP);
700 if (qemu_log_enabled()) {
701 qemu_log("qemu: fatal: ");
702 qemu_log_vprintf(fmt, ap2);
704 log_cpu_state(cpu, CPU_DUMP_FPU | CPU_DUMP_CCOP);
710 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
712 struct sigaction act;
713 sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
714 act.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
715 sigaction(SIGABRT, &act, NULL);
721 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
722 static RAMBlock *qemu_get_ram_block(ram_addr_t addr)
726 /* The list is protected by the iothread lock here. */
727 block = ram_list.mru_block;
728 if (block && addr - block->offset < block->length) {
731 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
732 if (addr - block->offset < block->length) {
737 fprintf(stderr, "Bad ram offset %" PRIx64 "\n", (uint64_t)addr);
741 ram_list.mru_block = block;
745 static void tlb_reset_dirty_range_all(ram_addr_t start, ram_addr_t length)
751 end = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(start + length);
752 start &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
754 block = qemu_get_ram_block(start);
755 assert(block == qemu_get_ram_block(end - 1));
756 start1 = (uintptr_t)block->host + (start - block->offset);
757 cpu_tlb_reset_dirty_all(start1, length);
760 /* Note: start and end must be within the same ram block. */
761 void cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty(ram_addr_t start, ram_addr_t length,
766 cpu_physical_memory_clear_dirty_range(start, length, client);
769 tlb_reset_dirty_range_all(start, length);
773 static void cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_tracking(bool enable)
775 in_migration = enable;
778 hwaddr memory_region_section_get_iotlb(CPUArchState *env,
779 MemoryRegionSection *section,
781 hwaddr paddr, hwaddr xlat,
783 target_ulong *address)
788 if (memory_region_is_ram(section->mr)) {
790 iotlb = (memory_region_get_ram_addr(section->mr) & TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
792 if (!section->readonly) {
793 iotlb |= PHYS_SECTION_NOTDIRTY;
795 iotlb |= PHYS_SECTION_ROM;
798 iotlb = section - address_space_memory.dispatch->map.sections;
802 /* Make accesses to pages with watchpoints go via the
803 watchpoint trap routines. */
804 QTAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &env->watchpoints, entry) {
805 if (vaddr == (wp->vaddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK)) {
806 /* Avoid trapping reads of pages with a write breakpoint. */
807 if ((prot & PAGE_WRITE) || (wp->flags & BP_MEM_READ)) {
808 iotlb = PHYS_SECTION_WATCH + paddr;
809 *address |= TLB_MMIO;
817 #endif /* defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY) */
819 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
821 static int subpage_register (subpage_t *mmio, uint32_t start, uint32_t end,
823 static subpage_t *subpage_init(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr base);
825 static void *(*phys_mem_alloc)(size_t size) = qemu_anon_ram_alloc;
828 * Set a custom physical guest memory alloator.
829 * Accelerators with unusual needs may need this. Hopefully, we can
830 * get rid of it eventually.
832 void phys_mem_set_alloc(void *(*alloc)(size_t))
834 phys_mem_alloc = alloc;
837 static uint16_t phys_section_add(PhysPageMap *map,
838 MemoryRegionSection *section)
840 /* The physical section number is ORed with a page-aligned
841 * pointer to produce the iotlb entries. Thus it should
842 * never overflow into the page-aligned value.
844 assert(map->sections_nb < TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
846 if (map->sections_nb == map->sections_nb_alloc) {
847 map->sections_nb_alloc = MAX(map->sections_nb_alloc * 2, 16);
848 map->sections = g_renew(MemoryRegionSection, map->sections,
849 map->sections_nb_alloc);
851 map->sections[map->sections_nb] = *section;
852 memory_region_ref(section->mr);
853 return map->sections_nb++;
856 static void phys_section_destroy(MemoryRegion *mr)
858 memory_region_unref(mr);
861 subpage_t *subpage = container_of(mr, subpage_t, iomem);
862 memory_region_destroy(&subpage->iomem);
867 static void phys_sections_free(PhysPageMap *map)
869 while (map->sections_nb > 0) {
870 MemoryRegionSection *section = &map->sections[--map->sections_nb];
871 phys_section_destroy(section->mr);
873 g_free(map->sections);
877 static void register_subpage(AddressSpaceDispatch *d, MemoryRegionSection *section)
880 hwaddr base = section->offset_within_address_space
882 MemoryRegionSection *existing = phys_page_find(d->phys_map, base,
883 d->map.nodes, d->map.sections);
884 MemoryRegionSection subsection = {
885 .offset_within_address_space = base,
886 .size = int128_make64(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE),
890 assert(existing->mr->subpage || existing->mr == &io_mem_unassigned);
892 if (!(existing->mr->subpage)) {
893 subpage = subpage_init(d->as, base);
894 subsection.mr = &subpage->iomem;
895 phys_page_set(d, base >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, 1,
896 phys_section_add(&d->map, &subsection));
898 subpage = container_of(existing->mr, subpage_t, iomem);
900 start = section->offset_within_address_space & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
901 end = start + int128_get64(section->size) - 1;
902 subpage_register(subpage, start, end,
903 phys_section_add(&d->map, section));
907 static void register_multipage(AddressSpaceDispatch *d,
908 MemoryRegionSection *section)
910 hwaddr start_addr = section->offset_within_address_space;
911 uint16_t section_index = phys_section_add(&d->map, section);
912 uint64_t num_pages = int128_get64(int128_rshift(section->size,
916 phys_page_set(d, start_addr >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, num_pages, section_index);
919 static void mem_add(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section)
921 AddressSpace *as = container_of(listener, AddressSpace, dispatch_listener);
922 AddressSpaceDispatch *d = as->next_dispatch;
923 MemoryRegionSection now = *section, remain = *section;
924 Int128 page_size = int128_make64(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
926 if (now.offset_within_address_space & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) {
927 uint64_t left = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(now.offset_within_address_space)
928 - now.offset_within_address_space;
930 now.size = int128_min(int128_make64(left), now.size);
931 register_subpage(d, &now);
933 now.size = int128_zero();
935 while (int128_ne(remain.size, now.size)) {
936 remain.size = int128_sub(remain.size, now.size);
937 remain.offset_within_address_space += int128_get64(now.size);
938 remain.offset_within_region += int128_get64(now.size);
940 if (int128_lt(remain.size, page_size)) {
941 register_subpage(d, &now);
942 } else if (remain.offset_within_address_space & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) {
943 now.size = page_size;
944 register_subpage(d, &now);
946 now.size = int128_and(now.size, int128_neg(page_size));
947 register_multipage(d, &now);
952 void qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer(void)
955 kvm_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
958 void qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist(void)
960 qemu_mutex_lock(&ram_list.mutex);
963 void qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist(void)
965 qemu_mutex_unlock(&ram_list.mutex);
972 #define HUGETLBFS_MAGIC 0x958458f6
974 static long gethugepagesize(const char *path)
980 ret = statfs(path, &fs);
981 } while (ret != 0 && errno == EINTR);
988 if (fs.f_type != HUGETLBFS_MAGIC)
989 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: path not on HugeTLBFS: %s\n", path);
994 static sigjmp_buf sigjump;
996 static void sigbus_handler(int signal)
998 siglongjmp(sigjump, 1);
1001 static void *file_ram_alloc(RAMBlock *block,
1006 char *sanitized_name;
1010 unsigned long hpagesize;
1012 hpagesize = gethugepagesize(path);
1017 if (memory < hpagesize) {
1021 if (kvm_enabled() && !kvm_has_sync_mmu()) {
1022 fprintf(stderr, "host lacks kvm mmu notifiers, -mem-path unsupported\n");
1026 /* Make name safe to use with mkstemp by replacing '/' with '_'. */
1027 sanitized_name = g_strdup(block->mr->name);
1028 for (c = sanitized_name; *c != '\0'; c++) {
1033 filename = g_strdup_printf("%s/qemu_back_mem.%s.XXXXXX", path,
1035 g_free(sanitized_name);
1037 fd = mkstemp(filename);
1039 perror("unable to create backing store for hugepages");
1046 memory = (memory+hpagesize-1) & ~(hpagesize-1);
1049 * ftruncate is not supported by hugetlbfs in older
1050 * hosts, so don't bother bailing out on errors.
1051 * If anything goes wrong with it under other filesystems,
1054 if (ftruncate(fd, memory))
1055 perror("ftruncate");
1057 area = mmap(0, memory, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
1058 if (area == MAP_FAILED) {
1059 perror("file_ram_alloc: can't mmap RAM pages");
1066 struct sigaction act, oldact;
1067 sigset_t set, oldset;
1069 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
1070 act.sa_handler = &sigbus_handler;
1073 ret = sigaction(SIGBUS, &act, &oldact);
1075 perror("file_ram_alloc: failed to install signal handler");
1079 /* unblock SIGBUS */
1081 sigaddset(&set, SIGBUS);
1082 pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &set, &oldset);
1084 if (sigsetjmp(sigjump, 1)) {
1085 fprintf(stderr, "file_ram_alloc: failed to preallocate pages\n");
1089 /* MAP_POPULATE silently ignores failures */
1090 for (i = 0; i < (memory/hpagesize); i++) {
1091 memset(area + (hpagesize*i), 0, 1);
1094 ret = sigaction(SIGBUS, &oldact, NULL);
1096 perror("file_ram_alloc: failed to reinstall signal handler");
1100 pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldset, NULL);
1107 static void *file_ram_alloc(RAMBlock *block,
1111 fprintf(stderr, "-mem-path not supported on this host\n");
1116 static ram_addr_t find_ram_offset(ram_addr_t size)
1118 RAMBlock *block, *next_block;
1119 ram_addr_t offset = RAM_ADDR_MAX, mingap = RAM_ADDR_MAX;
1121 assert(size != 0); /* it would hand out same offset multiple times */
1123 if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&ram_list.blocks))
1126 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1127 ram_addr_t end, next = RAM_ADDR_MAX;
1129 end = block->offset + block->length;
1131 QTAILQ_FOREACH(next_block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1132 if (next_block->offset >= end) {
1133 next = MIN(next, next_block->offset);
1136 if (next - end >= size && next - end < mingap) {
1138 mingap = next - end;
1142 if (offset == RAM_ADDR_MAX) {
1143 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to find gap of requested size: %" PRIu64 "\n",
1151 ram_addr_t last_ram_offset(void)
1154 ram_addr_t last = 0;
1156 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next)
1157 last = MAX(last, block->offset + block->length);
1162 static void qemu_ram_setup_dump(void *addr, ram_addr_t size)
1166 /* Use MADV_DONTDUMP, if user doesn't want the guest memory in the core */
1167 if (!qemu_opt_get_bool(qemu_get_machine_opts(),
1168 "dump-guest-core", true)) {
1169 ret = qemu_madvise(addr, size, QEMU_MADV_DONTDUMP);
1171 perror("qemu_madvise");
1172 fprintf(stderr, "madvise doesn't support MADV_DONTDUMP, "
1173 "but dump_guest_core=off specified\n");
1178 void qemu_ram_set_idstr(ram_addr_t addr, const char *name, DeviceState *dev)
1180 RAMBlock *new_block, *block;
1183 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1184 if (block->offset == addr) {
1190 assert(!new_block->idstr[0]);
1193 char *id = qdev_get_dev_path(dev);
1195 snprintf(new_block->idstr, sizeof(new_block->idstr), "%s/", id);
1199 pstrcat(new_block->idstr, sizeof(new_block->idstr), name);
1201 /* This assumes the iothread lock is taken here too. */
1202 qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist();
1203 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1204 if (block != new_block && !strcmp(block->idstr, new_block->idstr)) {
1205 fprintf(stderr, "RAMBlock \"%s\" already registered, abort!\n",
1210 qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist();
1213 static int memory_try_enable_merging(void *addr, size_t len)
1215 if (!qemu_opt_get_bool(qemu_get_machine_opts(), "mem-merge", true)) {
1216 /* disabled by the user */
1220 return qemu_madvise(addr, len, QEMU_MADV_MERGEABLE);
1223 ram_addr_t qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(ram_addr_t size, void *host,
1226 RAMBlock *block, *new_block;
1227 ram_addr_t old_ram_size, new_ram_size;
1229 old_ram_size = last_ram_offset() >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
1231 size = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(size);
1232 new_block = g_malloc0(sizeof(*new_block));
1235 /* This assumes the iothread lock is taken here too. */
1236 qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist();
1238 new_block->offset = find_ram_offset(size);
1240 new_block->host = host;
1241 new_block->flags |= RAM_PREALLOC_MASK;
1242 } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1244 fprintf(stderr, "-mem-path not supported with Xen\n");
1247 xen_ram_alloc(new_block->offset, size, mr);
1250 if (phys_mem_alloc != qemu_anon_ram_alloc) {
1252 * file_ram_alloc() needs to allocate just like
1253 * phys_mem_alloc, but we haven't bothered to provide
1257 "-mem-path not supported with this accelerator\n");
1260 new_block->host = file_ram_alloc(new_block, size, mem_path);
1262 if (!new_block->host) {
1263 new_block->host = phys_mem_alloc(size);
1264 if (!new_block->host) {
1265 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot set up guest memory '%s': %s\n",
1266 new_block->mr->name, strerror(errno));
1269 memory_try_enable_merging(new_block->host, size);
1272 new_block->length = size;
1274 /* Keep the list sorted from biggest to smallest block. */
1275 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1276 if (block->length < new_block->length) {
1281 QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(block, new_block, next);
1283 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ram_list.blocks, new_block, next);
1285 ram_list.mru_block = NULL;
1288 qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist();
1290 new_ram_size = last_ram_offset() >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
1292 if (new_ram_size > old_ram_size) {
1294 for (i = 0; i < DIRTY_MEMORY_NUM; i++) {
1295 ram_list.dirty_memory[i] =
1296 bitmap_zero_extend(ram_list.dirty_memory[i],
1297 old_ram_size, new_ram_size);
1300 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range(new_block->offset, size);
1302 qemu_ram_setup_dump(new_block->host, size);
1303 qemu_madvise(new_block->host, size, QEMU_MADV_HUGEPAGE);
1304 qemu_madvise(new_block->host, size, QEMU_MADV_DONTFORK);
1307 kvm_setup_guest_memory(new_block->host, size);
1309 return new_block->offset;
1312 ram_addr_t qemu_ram_alloc(ram_addr_t size, MemoryRegion *mr)
1314 return qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, NULL, mr);
1317 void qemu_ram_free_from_ptr(ram_addr_t addr)
1321 /* This assumes the iothread lock is taken here too. */
1322 qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist();
1323 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1324 if (addr == block->offset) {
1325 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&ram_list.blocks, block, next);
1326 ram_list.mru_block = NULL;
1332 qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist();
1335 void qemu_ram_free(ram_addr_t addr)
1339 /* This assumes the iothread lock is taken here too. */
1340 qemu_mutex_lock_ramlist();
1341 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1342 if (addr == block->offset) {
1343 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&ram_list.blocks, block, next);
1344 ram_list.mru_block = NULL;
1346 if (block->flags & RAM_PREALLOC_MASK) {
1348 } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1349 xen_invalidate_map_cache_entry(block->host);
1351 } else if (block->fd >= 0) {
1352 munmap(block->host, block->length);
1356 qemu_anon_ram_free(block->host, block->length);
1362 qemu_mutex_unlock_ramlist();
1367 void qemu_ram_remap(ram_addr_t addr, ram_addr_t length)
1374 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1375 offset = addr - block->offset;
1376 if (offset < block->length) {
1377 vaddr = block->host + offset;
1378 if (block->flags & RAM_PREALLOC_MASK) {
1380 } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1384 munmap(vaddr, length);
1385 if (block->fd >= 0) {
1387 flags |= mem_prealloc ? MAP_POPULATE | MAP_SHARED :
1390 flags |= MAP_PRIVATE;
1392 area = mmap(vaddr, length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
1393 flags, block->fd, offset);
1396 * Remap needs to match alloc. Accelerators that
1397 * set phys_mem_alloc never remap. If they did,
1398 * we'd need a remap hook here.
1400 assert(phys_mem_alloc == qemu_anon_ram_alloc);
1402 flags |= MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
1403 area = mmap(vaddr, length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
1406 if (area != vaddr) {
1407 fprintf(stderr, "Could not remap addr: "
1408 RAM_ADDR_FMT "@" RAM_ADDR_FMT "\n",
1412 memory_try_enable_merging(vaddr, length);
1413 qemu_ram_setup_dump(vaddr, length);
1419 #endif /* !_WIN32 */
1421 /* Return a host pointer to ram allocated with qemu_ram_alloc.
1422 With the exception of the softmmu code in this file, this should
1423 only be used for local memory (e.g. video ram) that the device owns,
1424 and knows it isn't going to access beyond the end of the block.
1426 It should not be used for general purpose DMA.
1427 Use cpu_physical_memory_map/cpu_physical_memory_rw instead.
1429 void *qemu_get_ram_ptr(ram_addr_t addr)
1431 RAMBlock *block = qemu_get_ram_block(addr);
1433 if (xen_enabled()) {
1434 /* We need to check if the requested address is in the RAM
1435 * because we don't want to map the entire memory in QEMU.
1436 * In that case just map until the end of the page.
1438 if (block->offset == 0) {
1439 return xen_map_cache(addr, 0, 0);
1440 } else if (block->host == NULL) {
1442 xen_map_cache(block->offset, block->length, 1);
1445 return block->host + (addr - block->offset);
1448 /* Return a host pointer to guest's ram. Similar to qemu_get_ram_ptr
1449 * but takes a size argument */
1450 static void *qemu_ram_ptr_length(ram_addr_t addr, hwaddr *size)
1455 if (xen_enabled()) {
1456 return xen_map_cache(addr, *size, 1);
1460 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1461 if (addr - block->offset < block->length) {
1462 if (addr - block->offset + *size > block->length)
1463 *size = block->length - addr + block->offset;
1464 return block->host + (addr - block->offset);
1468 fprintf(stderr, "Bad ram offset %" PRIx64 "\n", (uint64_t)addr);
1473 /* Some of the softmmu routines need to translate from a host pointer
1474 (typically a TLB entry) back to a ram offset. */
1475 MemoryRegion *qemu_ram_addr_from_host(void *ptr, ram_addr_t *ram_addr)
1478 uint8_t *host = ptr;
1480 if (xen_enabled()) {
1481 *ram_addr = xen_ram_addr_from_mapcache(ptr);
1482 return qemu_get_ram_block(*ram_addr)->mr;
1485 block = ram_list.mru_block;
1486 if (block && block->host && host - block->host < block->length) {
1490 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
1491 /* This case append when the block is not mapped. */
1492 if (block->host == NULL) {
1495 if (host - block->host < block->length) {
1503 *ram_addr = block->offset + (host - block->host);
1507 static void notdirty_mem_write(void *opaque, hwaddr ram_addr,
1508 uint64_t val, unsigned size)
1510 if (!cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty_flag(ram_addr, DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE)) {
1511 tb_invalidate_phys_page_fast(ram_addr, size);
1515 stb_p(qemu_get_ram_ptr(ram_addr), val);
1518 stw_p(qemu_get_ram_ptr(ram_addr), val);
1521 stl_p(qemu_get_ram_ptr(ram_addr), val);
1526 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(ram_addr, DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION);
1527 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(ram_addr, DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA);
1528 /* we remove the notdirty callback only if the code has been
1530 if (!cpu_physical_memory_is_clean(ram_addr)) {
1531 CPUArchState *env = current_cpu->env_ptr;
1532 tlb_set_dirty(env, env->mem_io_vaddr);
1536 static bool notdirty_mem_accepts(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1537 unsigned size, bool is_write)
1542 static const MemoryRegionOps notdirty_mem_ops = {
1543 .write = notdirty_mem_write,
1544 .valid.accepts = notdirty_mem_accepts,
1545 .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1548 /* Generate a debug exception if a watchpoint has been hit. */
1549 static void check_watchpoint(int offset, int len_mask, int flags)
1551 CPUArchState *env = current_cpu->env_ptr;
1552 target_ulong pc, cs_base;
1557 if (env->watchpoint_hit) {
1558 /* We re-entered the check after replacing the TB. Now raise
1559 * the debug interrupt so that is will trigger after the
1560 * current instruction. */
1561 cpu_interrupt(ENV_GET_CPU(env), CPU_INTERRUPT_DEBUG);
1564 vaddr = (env->mem_io_vaddr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK) + offset;
1565 QTAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &env->watchpoints, entry) {
1566 if ((vaddr == (wp->vaddr & len_mask) ||
1567 (vaddr & wp->len_mask) == wp->vaddr) && (wp->flags & flags)) {
1568 wp->flags |= BP_WATCHPOINT_HIT;
1569 if (!env->watchpoint_hit) {
1570 env->watchpoint_hit = wp;
1571 tb_check_watchpoint(env);
1572 if (wp->flags & BP_STOP_BEFORE_ACCESS) {
1573 env->exception_index = EXCP_DEBUG;
1576 cpu_get_tb_cpu_state(env, &pc, &cs_base, &cpu_flags);
1577 tb_gen_code(env, pc, cs_base, cpu_flags, 1);
1578 cpu_resume_from_signal(env, NULL);
1582 wp->flags &= ~BP_WATCHPOINT_HIT;
1587 /* Watchpoint access routines. Watchpoints are inserted using TLB tricks,
1588 so these check for a hit then pass through to the normal out-of-line
1590 static uint64_t watch_mem_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1593 check_watchpoint(addr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK, ~(size - 1), BP_MEM_READ);
1595 case 1: return ldub_phys(addr);
1596 case 2: return lduw_phys(addr);
1597 case 4: return ldl_phys(addr);
1602 static void watch_mem_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1603 uint64_t val, unsigned size)
1605 check_watchpoint(addr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK, ~(size - 1), BP_MEM_WRITE);
1608 stb_phys(addr, val);
1611 stw_phys(addr, val);
1614 stl_phys(addr, val);
1620 static const MemoryRegionOps watch_mem_ops = {
1621 .read = watch_mem_read,
1622 .write = watch_mem_write,
1623 .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1626 static uint64_t subpage_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1629 subpage_t *subpage = opaque;
1632 #if defined(DEBUG_SUBPAGE)
1633 printf("%s: subpage %p len %u addr " TARGET_FMT_plx "\n", __func__,
1634 subpage, len, addr);
1636 address_space_read(subpage->as, addr + subpage->base, buf, len);
1649 static void subpage_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1650 uint64_t value, unsigned len)
1652 subpage_t *subpage = opaque;
1655 #if defined(DEBUG_SUBPAGE)
1656 printf("%s: subpage %p len %u addr " TARGET_FMT_plx
1657 " value %"PRIx64"\n",
1658 __func__, subpage, len, addr, value);
1673 address_space_write(subpage->as, addr + subpage->base, buf, len);
1676 static bool subpage_accepts(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1677 unsigned len, bool is_write)
1679 subpage_t *subpage = opaque;
1680 #if defined(DEBUG_SUBPAGE)
1681 printf("%s: subpage %p %c len %u addr " TARGET_FMT_plx "\n",
1682 __func__, subpage, is_write ? 'w' : 'r', len, addr);
1685 return address_space_access_valid(subpage->as, addr + subpage->base,
1689 static const MemoryRegionOps subpage_ops = {
1690 .read = subpage_read,
1691 .write = subpage_write,
1692 .valid.accepts = subpage_accepts,
1693 .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1696 static int subpage_register (subpage_t *mmio, uint32_t start, uint32_t end,
1701 if (start >= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE || end >= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE)
1703 idx = SUBPAGE_IDX(start);
1704 eidx = SUBPAGE_IDX(end);
1705 #if defined(DEBUG_SUBPAGE)
1706 printf("%s: %p start %08x end %08x idx %08x eidx %08x section %d\n",
1707 __func__, mmio, start, end, idx, eidx, section);
1709 for (; idx <= eidx; idx++) {
1710 mmio->sub_section[idx] = section;
1716 static subpage_t *subpage_init(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr base)
1720 mmio = g_malloc0(sizeof(subpage_t));
1724 memory_region_init_io(&mmio->iomem, NULL, &subpage_ops, mmio,
1725 "subpage", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
1726 mmio->iomem.subpage = true;
1727 #if defined(DEBUG_SUBPAGE)
1728 printf("%s: %p base " TARGET_FMT_plx " len %08x\n", __func__,
1729 mmio, base, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
1731 subpage_register(mmio, 0, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE-1, PHYS_SECTION_UNASSIGNED);
1736 static uint16_t dummy_section(PhysPageMap *map, MemoryRegion *mr)
1738 MemoryRegionSection section = {
1740 .offset_within_address_space = 0,
1741 .offset_within_region = 0,
1742 .size = int128_2_64(),
1745 return phys_section_add(map, §ion);
1748 MemoryRegion *iotlb_to_region(hwaddr index)
1750 return address_space_memory.dispatch->map.sections[
1751 index & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK].mr;
1754 static void io_mem_init(void)
1756 memory_region_init_io(&io_mem_rom, NULL, &unassigned_mem_ops, NULL, "rom", UINT64_MAX);
1757 memory_region_init_io(&io_mem_unassigned, NULL, &unassigned_mem_ops, NULL,
1758 "unassigned", UINT64_MAX);
1759 memory_region_init_io(&io_mem_notdirty, NULL, ¬dirty_mem_ops, NULL,
1760 "notdirty", UINT64_MAX);
1761 memory_region_init_io(&io_mem_watch, NULL, &watch_mem_ops, NULL,
1762 "watch", UINT64_MAX);
1765 static void mem_begin(MemoryListener *listener)
1767 AddressSpace *as = container_of(listener, AddressSpace, dispatch_listener);
1768 AddressSpaceDispatch *d = g_new0(AddressSpaceDispatch, 1);
1771 n = dummy_section(&d->map, &io_mem_unassigned);
1772 assert(n == PHYS_SECTION_UNASSIGNED);
1773 n = dummy_section(&d->map, &io_mem_notdirty);
1774 assert(n == PHYS_SECTION_NOTDIRTY);
1775 n = dummy_section(&d->map, &io_mem_rom);
1776 assert(n == PHYS_SECTION_ROM);
1777 n = dummy_section(&d->map, &io_mem_watch);
1778 assert(n == PHYS_SECTION_WATCH);
1780 d->phys_map = (PhysPageEntry) { .ptr = PHYS_MAP_NODE_NIL, .skip = 1 };
1782 as->next_dispatch = d;
1785 static void mem_commit(MemoryListener *listener)
1787 AddressSpace *as = container_of(listener, AddressSpace, dispatch_listener);
1788 AddressSpaceDispatch *cur = as->dispatch;
1789 AddressSpaceDispatch *next = as->next_dispatch;
1791 phys_page_compact_all(next, next->map.nodes_nb);
1793 as->dispatch = next;
1796 phys_sections_free(&cur->map);
1801 static void tcg_commit(MemoryListener *listener)
1805 /* since each CPU stores ram addresses in its TLB cache, we must
1806 reset the modified entries */
1809 CPUArchState *env = cpu->env_ptr;
1815 static void core_log_global_start(MemoryListener *listener)
1817 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_tracking(true);
1820 static void core_log_global_stop(MemoryListener *listener)
1822 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_tracking(false);
1825 static MemoryListener core_memory_listener = {
1826 .log_global_start = core_log_global_start,
1827 .log_global_stop = core_log_global_stop,
1831 static MemoryListener tcg_memory_listener = {
1832 .commit = tcg_commit,
1835 void address_space_init_dispatch(AddressSpace *as)
1837 as->dispatch = NULL;
1838 as->dispatch_listener = (MemoryListener) {
1840 .commit = mem_commit,
1841 .region_add = mem_add,
1842 .region_nop = mem_add,
1845 memory_listener_register(&as->dispatch_listener, as);
1848 void address_space_destroy_dispatch(AddressSpace *as)
1850 AddressSpaceDispatch *d = as->dispatch;
1852 memory_listener_unregister(&as->dispatch_listener);
1854 as->dispatch = NULL;
1857 static void memory_map_init(void)
1859 system_memory = g_malloc(sizeof(*system_memory));
1861 memory_region_init(system_memory, NULL, "system", UINT64_MAX);
1862 address_space_init(&address_space_memory, system_memory, "memory");
1864 system_io = g_malloc(sizeof(*system_io));
1865 memory_region_init_io(system_io, NULL, &unassigned_io_ops, NULL, "io",
1867 address_space_init(&address_space_io, system_io, "I/O");
1869 memory_listener_register(&core_memory_listener, &address_space_memory);
1870 if (tcg_enabled()) {
1871 memory_listener_register(&tcg_memory_listener, &address_space_memory);
1875 MemoryRegion *get_system_memory(void)
1877 return system_memory;
1880 MemoryRegion *get_system_io(void)
1885 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY) */
1887 /* physical memory access (slow version, mainly for debug) */
1888 #if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
1889 int cpu_memory_rw_debug(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr,
1890 uint8_t *buf, int len, int is_write)
1897 page = addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
1898 l = (page + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) - addr;
1901 flags = page_get_flags(page);
1902 if (!(flags & PAGE_VALID))
1905 if (!(flags & PAGE_WRITE))
1907 /* XXX: this code should not depend on lock_user */
1908 if (!(p = lock_user(VERIFY_WRITE, addr, l, 0)))
1911 unlock_user(p, addr, l);
1913 if (!(flags & PAGE_READ))
1915 /* XXX: this code should not depend on lock_user */
1916 if (!(p = lock_user(VERIFY_READ, addr, l, 1)))
1919 unlock_user(p, addr, 0);
1930 static void invalidate_and_set_dirty(hwaddr addr,
1933 if (cpu_physical_memory_is_clean(addr)) {
1934 /* invalidate code */
1935 tb_invalidate_phys_page_range(addr, addr + length, 0);
1937 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(addr, DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA);
1938 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(addr, DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION);
1940 xen_modified_memory(addr, length);
1943 static int memory_access_size(MemoryRegion *mr, unsigned l, hwaddr addr)
1945 unsigned access_size_max = mr->ops->valid.max_access_size;
1947 /* Regions are assumed to support 1-4 byte accesses unless
1948 otherwise specified. */
1949 if (access_size_max == 0) {
1950 access_size_max = 4;
1953 /* Bound the maximum access by the alignment of the address. */
1954 if (!mr->ops->impl.unaligned) {
1955 unsigned align_size_max = addr & -addr;
1956 if (align_size_max != 0 && align_size_max < access_size_max) {
1957 access_size_max = align_size_max;
1961 /* Don't attempt accesses larger than the maximum. */
1962 if (l > access_size_max) {
1963 l = access_size_max;
1966 l = 1 << (qemu_fls(l) - 1);
1972 bool address_space_rw(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, uint8_t *buf,
1973 int len, bool is_write)
1984 mr = address_space_translate(as, addr, &addr1, &l, is_write);
1987 if (!memory_access_is_direct(mr, is_write)) {
1988 l = memory_access_size(mr, l, addr1);
1989 /* XXX: could force current_cpu to NULL to avoid
1993 /* 64 bit write access */
1995 error |= io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 8);
1998 /* 32 bit write access */
2000 error |= io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 4);
2003 /* 16 bit write access */
2005 error |= io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 2);
2008 /* 8 bit write access */
2010 error |= io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 1);
2016 addr1 += memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr);
2018 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr(addr1);
2019 memcpy(ptr, buf, l);
2020 invalidate_and_set_dirty(addr1, l);
2023 if (!memory_access_is_direct(mr, is_write)) {
2025 l = memory_access_size(mr, l, addr1);
2028 /* 64 bit read access */
2029 error |= io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 8);
2033 /* 32 bit read access */
2034 error |= io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 4);
2038 /* 16 bit read access */
2039 error |= io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 2);
2043 /* 8 bit read access */
2044 error |= io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 1);
2052 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr(mr->ram_addr + addr1);
2053 memcpy(buf, ptr, l);
2064 bool address_space_write(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr,
2065 const uint8_t *buf, int len)
2067 return address_space_rw(as, addr, (uint8_t *)buf, len, true);
2070 bool address_space_read(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, uint8_t *buf, int len)
2072 return address_space_rw(as, addr, buf, len, false);
2076 void cpu_physical_memory_rw(hwaddr addr, uint8_t *buf,
2077 int len, int is_write)
2079 address_space_rw(&address_space_memory, addr, buf, len, is_write);
2082 enum write_rom_type {
2087 static inline void cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal(
2088 hwaddr addr, const uint8_t *buf, int len, enum write_rom_type type)
2097 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory,
2098 addr, &addr1, &l, true);
2100 if (!(memory_region_is_ram(mr) ||
2101 memory_region_is_romd(mr))) {
2104 addr1 += memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr);
2106 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr(addr1);
2109 memcpy(ptr, buf, l);
2110 invalidate_and_set_dirty(addr1, l);
2113 flush_icache_range((uintptr_t)ptr, (uintptr_t)ptr + l);
2123 /* used for ROM loading : can write in RAM and ROM */
2124 void cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(hwaddr addr,
2125 const uint8_t *buf, int len)
2127 cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal(addr, buf, len, WRITE_DATA);
2130 void cpu_flush_icache_range(hwaddr start, int len)
2133 * This function should do the same thing as an icache flush that was
2134 * triggered from within the guest. For TCG we are always cache coherent,
2135 * so there is no need to flush anything. For KVM / Xen we need to flush
2136 * the host's instruction cache at least.
2138 if (tcg_enabled()) {
2142 cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal(start, NULL, len, FLUSH_CACHE);
2152 static BounceBuffer bounce;
2154 typedef struct MapClient {
2156 void (*callback)(void *opaque);
2157 QLIST_ENTRY(MapClient) link;
2160 static QLIST_HEAD(map_client_list, MapClient) map_client_list
2161 = QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(map_client_list);
2163 void *cpu_register_map_client(void *opaque, void (*callback)(void *opaque))
2165 MapClient *client = g_malloc(sizeof(*client));
2167 client->opaque = opaque;
2168 client->callback = callback;
2169 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&map_client_list, client, link);
2173 static void cpu_unregister_map_client(void *_client)
2175 MapClient *client = (MapClient *)_client;
2177 QLIST_REMOVE(client, link);
2181 static void cpu_notify_map_clients(void)
2185 while (!QLIST_EMPTY(&map_client_list)) {
2186 client = QLIST_FIRST(&map_client_list);
2187 client->callback(client->opaque);
2188 cpu_unregister_map_client(client);
2192 bool address_space_access_valid(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, int len, bool is_write)
2199 mr = address_space_translate(as, addr, &xlat, &l, is_write);
2200 if (!memory_access_is_direct(mr, is_write)) {
2201 l = memory_access_size(mr, l, addr);
2202 if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, xlat, l, is_write)) {
2213 /* Map a physical memory region into a host virtual address.
2214 * May map a subset of the requested range, given by and returned in *plen.
2215 * May return NULL if resources needed to perform the mapping are exhausted.
2216 * Use only for reads OR writes - not for read-modify-write operations.
2217 * Use cpu_register_map_client() to know when retrying the map operation is
2218 * likely to succeed.
2220 void *address_space_map(AddressSpace *as,
2227 hwaddr l, xlat, base;
2228 MemoryRegion *mr, *this_mr;
2236 mr = address_space_translate(as, addr, &xlat, &l, is_write);
2237 if (!memory_access_is_direct(mr, is_write)) {
2238 if (bounce.buffer) {
2241 /* Avoid unbounded allocations */
2242 l = MIN(l, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
2243 bounce.buffer = qemu_memalign(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, l);
2247 memory_region_ref(mr);
2250 address_space_read(as, addr, bounce.buffer, l);
2254 return bounce.buffer;
2258 raddr = memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr);
2269 this_mr = address_space_translate(as, addr, &xlat, &l, is_write);
2270 if (this_mr != mr || xlat != base + done) {
2275 memory_region_ref(mr);
2277 return qemu_ram_ptr_length(raddr + base, plen);
2280 /* Unmaps a memory region previously mapped by address_space_map().
2281 * Will also mark the memory as dirty if is_write == 1. access_len gives
2282 * the amount of memory that was actually read or written by the caller.
2284 void address_space_unmap(AddressSpace *as, void *buffer, hwaddr len,
2285 int is_write, hwaddr access_len)
2287 if (buffer != bounce.buffer) {
2291 mr = qemu_ram_addr_from_host(buffer, &addr1);
2294 while (access_len) {
2296 l = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
2299 invalidate_and_set_dirty(addr1, l);
2304 if (xen_enabled()) {
2305 xen_invalidate_map_cache_entry(buffer);
2307 memory_region_unref(mr);
2311 address_space_write(as, bounce.addr, bounce.buffer, access_len);
2313 qemu_vfree(bounce.buffer);
2314 bounce.buffer = NULL;
2315 memory_region_unref(bounce.mr);
2316 cpu_notify_map_clients();
2319 void *cpu_physical_memory_map(hwaddr addr,
2323 return address_space_map(&address_space_memory, addr, plen, is_write);
2326 void cpu_physical_memory_unmap(void *buffer, hwaddr len,
2327 int is_write, hwaddr access_len)
2329 return address_space_unmap(&address_space_memory, buffer, len, is_write, access_len);
2332 /* warning: addr must be aligned */
2333 static inline uint32_t ldl_phys_internal(hwaddr addr,
2334 enum device_endian endian)
2342 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory, addr, &addr1, &l,
2344 if (l < 4 || !memory_access_is_direct(mr, false)) {
2346 io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 4);
2347 #if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
2348 if (endian == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
2352 if (endian == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN) {
2358 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr((memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr)
2362 case DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN:
2363 val = ldl_le_p(ptr);
2365 case DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN:
2366 val = ldl_be_p(ptr);
2376 uint32_t ldl_phys(hwaddr addr)
2378 return ldl_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);
2381 uint32_t ldl_le_phys(hwaddr addr)
2383 return ldl_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
2386 uint32_t ldl_be_phys(hwaddr addr)
2388 return ldl_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN);
2391 /* warning: addr must be aligned */
2392 static inline uint64_t ldq_phys_internal(hwaddr addr,
2393 enum device_endian endian)
2401 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory, addr, &addr1, &l,
2403 if (l < 8 || !memory_access_is_direct(mr, false)) {
2405 io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 8);
2406 #if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
2407 if (endian == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
2411 if (endian == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN) {
2417 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr((memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr)
2421 case DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN:
2422 val = ldq_le_p(ptr);
2424 case DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN:
2425 val = ldq_be_p(ptr);
2435 uint64_t ldq_phys(hwaddr addr)
2437 return ldq_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);
2440 uint64_t ldq_le_phys(hwaddr addr)
2442 return ldq_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
2445 uint64_t ldq_be_phys(hwaddr addr)
2447 return ldq_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN);
2451 uint32_t ldub_phys(hwaddr addr)
2454 cpu_physical_memory_read(addr, &val, 1);
2458 /* warning: addr must be aligned */
2459 static inline uint32_t lduw_phys_internal(hwaddr addr,
2460 enum device_endian endian)
2468 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory, addr, &addr1, &l,
2470 if (l < 2 || !memory_access_is_direct(mr, false)) {
2472 io_mem_read(mr, addr1, &val, 2);
2473 #if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
2474 if (endian == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
2478 if (endian == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN) {
2484 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr((memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr)
2488 case DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN:
2489 val = lduw_le_p(ptr);
2491 case DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN:
2492 val = lduw_be_p(ptr);
2502 uint32_t lduw_phys(hwaddr addr)
2504 return lduw_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);
2507 uint32_t lduw_le_phys(hwaddr addr)
2509 return lduw_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
2512 uint32_t lduw_be_phys(hwaddr addr)
2514 return lduw_phys_internal(addr, DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN);
2517 /* warning: addr must be aligned. The ram page is not masked as dirty
2518 and the code inside is not invalidated. It is useful if the dirty
2519 bits are used to track modified PTEs */
2520 void stl_phys_notdirty(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2527 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory, addr, &addr1, &l,
2529 if (l < 4 || !memory_access_is_direct(mr, true)) {
2530 io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 4);
2532 addr1 += memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr) & TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
2533 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr(addr1);
2536 if (unlikely(in_migration)) {
2537 if (cpu_physical_memory_is_clean(addr1)) {
2538 /* invalidate code */
2539 tb_invalidate_phys_page_range(addr1, addr1 + 4, 0);
2541 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(addr1,
2542 DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION);
2543 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(addr1, DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA);
2549 /* warning: addr must be aligned */
2550 static inline void stl_phys_internal(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val,
2551 enum device_endian endian)
2558 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory, addr, &addr1, &l,
2560 if (l < 4 || !memory_access_is_direct(mr, true)) {
2561 #if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
2562 if (endian == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
2566 if (endian == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN) {
2570 io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 4);
2573 addr1 += memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr) & TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
2574 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr(addr1);
2576 case DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN:
2579 case DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN:
2586 invalidate_and_set_dirty(addr1, 4);
2590 void stl_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2592 stl_phys_internal(addr, val, DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);
2595 void stl_le_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2597 stl_phys_internal(addr, val, DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
2600 void stl_be_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2602 stl_phys_internal(addr, val, DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN);
2606 void stb_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2609 cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, &v, 1);
2612 /* warning: addr must be aligned */
2613 static inline void stw_phys_internal(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val,
2614 enum device_endian endian)
2621 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory, addr, &addr1, &l,
2623 if (l < 2 || !memory_access_is_direct(mr, true)) {
2624 #if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
2625 if (endian == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
2629 if (endian == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN) {
2633 io_mem_write(mr, addr1, val, 2);
2636 addr1 += memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr) & TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
2637 ptr = qemu_get_ram_ptr(addr1);
2639 case DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN:
2642 case DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN:
2649 invalidate_and_set_dirty(addr1, 2);
2653 void stw_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2655 stw_phys_internal(addr, val, DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);
2658 void stw_le_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2660 stw_phys_internal(addr, val, DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
2663 void stw_be_phys(hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
2665 stw_phys_internal(addr, val, DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN);
2669 void stq_phys(hwaddr addr, uint64_t val)
2672 cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, &val, 8);
2675 void stq_le_phys(hwaddr addr, uint64_t val)
2677 val = cpu_to_le64(val);
2678 cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, &val, 8);
2681 void stq_be_phys(hwaddr addr, uint64_t val)
2683 val = cpu_to_be64(val);
2684 cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, &val, 8);
2687 /* virtual memory access for debug (includes writing to ROM) */
2688 int cpu_memory_rw_debug(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr,
2689 uint8_t *buf, int len, int is_write)
2696 page = addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
2697 phys_addr = cpu_get_phys_page_debug(cpu, page);
2698 /* if no physical page mapped, return an error */
2699 if (phys_addr == -1)
2701 l = (page + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) - addr;
2704 phys_addr += (addr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
2706 cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(phys_addr, buf, l);
2708 cpu_physical_memory_rw(phys_addr, buf, l, is_write);
2717 #if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
2720 * A helper function for the _utterly broken_ virtio device model to find out if
2721 * it's running on a big endian machine. Don't do this at home kids!
2723 bool virtio_is_big_endian(void);
2724 bool virtio_is_big_endian(void)
2726 #if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
2735 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
2736 bool cpu_physical_memory_is_io(hwaddr phys_addr)
2741 mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory,
2742 phys_addr, &phys_addr, &l, false);
2744 return !(memory_region_is_ram(mr) ||
2745 memory_region_is_romd(mr));
2748 void qemu_ram_foreach_block(RAMBlockIterFunc func, void *opaque)
2752 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &ram_list.blocks, next) {
2753 func(block->host, block->offset, block->length, opaque);