2 * Block driver for RAW files (posix)
4 * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
28 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
29 #include "block/block_int.h"
30 #include "qemu/module.h"
31 #include "qemu/option.h"
33 #include "block/thread-pool.h"
35 #include "block/raw-aio.h"
36 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
39 #include "scsi/pr-manager.h"
40 #include "scsi/constants.h"
42 #if defined(__APPLE__) && (__MACH__)
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>
46 #include <IOKit/IOBSD.h>
47 #include <IOKit/storage/IOMediaBSDClient.h>
48 #include <IOKit/storage/IOMedia.h>
49 #include <IOKit/storage/IOCDMedia.h>
50 //#include <IOKit/storage/IOCDTypes.h>
51 #include <IOKit/storage/IODVDMedia.h>
52 #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
56 #define _POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS 1
60 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
61 #include <sys/param.h>
62 #include <sys/syscall.h>
63 #include <linux/cdrom.h>
66 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
72 #define FS_NOCOW_FL 0x00800000 /* Do not cow file */
75 #if defined(CONFIG_FALLOCATE_PUNCH_HOLE) || defined(CONFIG_FALLOCATE_ZERO_RANGE)
76 #include <linux/falloc.h>
78 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
84 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
85 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
90 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
91 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
97 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
98 #include <sys/diskslice.h>
105 //#define DEBUG_BLOCK
108 # define DEBUG_BLOCK_PRINT 1
110 # define DEBUG_BLOCK_PRINT 0
112 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
114 if (DEBUG_BLOCK_PRINT) { \
115 printf(fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
119 /* OS X does not have O_DSYNC */
122 #define O_DSYNC O_SYNC
123 #elif defined(O_FSYNC)
124 #define O_DSYNC O_FSYNC
128 /* Approximate O_DIRECT with O_DSYNC if O_DIRECT isn't available */
130 #define O_DIRECT O_DSYNC
136 #define MAX_BLOCKSIZE 4096
138 /* Posix file locking bytes. Libvirt takes byte 0, we start from higher bytes,
139 * leaving a few more bytes for its future use. */
140 #define RAW_LOCK_PERM_BASE 100
141 #define RAW_LOCK_SHARED_BASE 200
143 typedef struct BDRVRawState {
151 /* The current permissions. */
153 uint64_t shared_perm;
159 bool has_write_zeroes:1;
160 bool discard_zeroes:1;
161 bool use_linux_aio:1;
162 bool page_cache_inconsistent:1;
164 bool needs_alignment;
165 bool check_cache_dropped;
170 typedef struct BDRVRawReopenState {
173 bool check_cache_dropped;
174 } BDRVRawReopenState;
176 static int fd_open(BlockDriverState *bs);
177 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs);
179 typedef struct RawPosixAIOData {
180 BlockDriverState *bs;
183 struct iovec *aio_iov;
188 #define aio_ioctl_cmd aio_nbytes /* for QEMU_AIO_IOCTL */
197 PreallocMode prealloc;
203 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
204 static int cdrom_reopen(BlockDriverState *bs);
207 #if defined(__NetBSD__)
208 static int raw_normalize_devicepath(const char **filename)
210 static char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
211 const char *dp, *fname;
215 dp = strrchr(fname, '/');
216 if (lstat(fname, &sb) < 0) {
217 fprintf(stderr, "%s: stat failed: %s\n",
218 fname, strerror(errno));
222 if (!S_ISBLK(sb.st_mode)) {
227 snprintf(namebuf, PATH_MAX, "r%s", fname);
229 snprintf(namebuf, PATH_MAX, "%.*s/r%s",
230 (int)(dp - fname), fname, dp + 1);
232 fprintf(stderr, "%s is a block device", fname);
234 fprintf(stderr, ", using %s\n", *filename);
239 static int raw_normalize_devicepath(const char **filename)
246 * Get logical block size via ioctl. On success store it in @sector_size_p.
248 static int probe_logical_blocksize(int fd, unsigned int *sector_size_p)
250 unsigned int sector_size;
251 bool success = false;
255 static const unsigned long ioctl_list[] = {
259 #ifdef DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE
262 #ifdef DIOCGSECTORSIZE
267 /* Try a few ioctls to get the right size */
268 for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(ioctl_list); i++) {
269 if (ioctl(fd, ioctl_list[i], §or_size) >= 0) {
270 *sector_size_p = sector_size;
275 return success ? 0 : -errno;
279 * Get physical block size of @fd.
280 * On success, store it in @blk_size and return 0.
281 * On failure, return -errno.
283 static int probe_physical_blocksize(int fd, unsigned int *blk_size)
286 if (ioctl(fd, BLKPBSZGET, blk_size) < 0) {
295 /* Check if read is allowed with given memory buffer and length.
297 * This function is used to check O_DIRECT memory buffer and request alignment.
299 static bool raw_is_io_aligned(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
301 ssize_t ret = pread(fd, buf, len, 0);
308 /* The Linux kernel returns EINVAL for misaligned O_DIRECT reads. Ignore
309 * other errors (e.g. real I/O error), which could happen on a failed
310 * drive, since we only care about probing alignment.
312 if (errno != EINVAL) {
320 static void raw_probe_alignment(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd, Error **errp)
322 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
324 size_t max_align = MAX(MAX_BLOCKSIZE, getpagesize());
326 /* For SCSI generic devices the alignment is not really used.
327 With buffered I/O, we don't have any restrictions. */
328 if (bdrv_is_sg(bs) || !s->needs_alignment) {
329 bs->bl.request_alignment = 1;
334 bs->bl.request_alignment = 0;
336 /* Let's try to use the logical blocksize for the alignment. */
337 if (probe_logical_blocksize(fd, &bs->bl.request_alignment) < 0) {
338 bs->bl.request_alignment = 0;
343 if (xfsctl(NULL, fd, XFS_IOC_DIOINFO, &da) >= 0) {
344 bs->bl.request_alignment = da.d_miniosz;
345 /* The kernel returns wrong information for d_mem */
346 /* s->buf_align = da.d_mem; */
351 /* If we could not get the sizes so far, we can only guess them */
354 buf = qemu_memalign(max_align, 2 * max_align);
355 for (align = 512; align <= max_align; align <<= 1) {
356 if (raw_is_io_aligned(fd, buf + align, max_align)) {
357 s->buf_align = align;
364 if (!bs->bl.request_alignment) {
366 buf = qemu_memalign(s->buf_align, max_align);
367 for (align = 512; align <= max_align; align <<= 1) {
368 if (raw_is_io_aligned(fd, buf, align)) {
369 bs->bl.request_alignment = align;
376 if (!s->buf_align || !bs->bl.request_alignment) {
377 error_setg(errp, "Could not find working O_DIRECT alignment");
378 error_append_hint(errp, "Try cache.direct=off\n");
382 static void raw_parse_flags(int bdrv_flags, int *open_flags)
384 assert(open_flags != NULL);
386 *open_flags |= O_BINARY;
387 *open_flags &= ~O_ACCMODE;
388 if (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
389 *open_flags |= O_RDWR;
391 *open_flags |= O_RDONLY;
394 /* Use O_DSYNC for write-through caching, no flags for write-back caching,
395 * and O_DIRECT for no caching. */
396 if ((bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE)) {
397 *open_flags |= O_DIRECT;
401 static void raw_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
404 bdrv_parse_filename_strip_prefix(filename, "file:", options);
407 static QemuOptsList raw_runtime_opts = {
409 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(raw_runtime_opts.head),
413 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
414 .help = "File name of the image",
418 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
419 .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)",
423 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
424 .help = "file locking mode (on/off/auto, default: auto)",
427 .name = "pr-manager",
428 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
429 .help = "id of persistent reservation manager object (default: none)",
432 .name = "x-check-cache-dropped",
433 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
434 .help = "check that page cache was dropped on live migration (default: off)"
436 { /* end of list */ }
440 static int raw_open_common(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
441 int bdrv_flags, int open_flags, Error **errp)
443 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
445 Error *local_err = NULL;
446 const char *filename = NULL;
448 BlockdevAioOptions aio, aio_default;
453 opts = qemu_opts_create(&raw_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
454 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
456 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
461 filename = qemu_opt_get(opts, "filename");
463 ret = raw_normalize_devicepath(&filename);
465 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not normalize device path");
469 aio_default = (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO)
470 ? BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS_NATIVE
471 : BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS_THREADS;
472 aio = qapi_enum_parse(&BlockdevAioOptions_lookup,
473 qemu_opt_get(opts, "aio"),
474 aio_default, &local_err);
476 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
480 s->use_linux_aio = (aio == BLOCKDEV_AIO_OPTIONS_NATIVE);
482 locking = qapi_enum_parse(&OnOffAuto_lookup,
483 qemu_opt_get(opts, "locking"),
484 ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO, &local_err);
486 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
493 if (!qemu_has_ofd_lock()) {
495 "File lock requested but OFD locking syscall is "
496 "unavailable, falling back to POSIX file locks.\n"
497 "Due to the implementation, locks can be lost "
501 case ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF:
504 case ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO:
505 s->use_lock = qemu_has_ofd_lock();
511 str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "pr-manager");
513 s->pr_mgr = pr_manager_lookup(str, &local_err);
515 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
521 s->check_cache_dropped = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "x-check-cache-dropped",
524 s->open_flags = open_flags;
525 raw_parse_flags(bdrv_flags, &s->open_flags);
528 fd = qemu_open(filename, s->open_flags, 0644);
531 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not open '%s'", filename);
541 fd = qemu_open(filename, s->open_flags);
544 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not open '%s' for locking",
552 s->shared_perm = BLK_PERM_ALL;
554 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
555 /* Currently Linux does AIO only for files opened with O_DIRECT */
556 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
557 if (!(s->open_flags & O_DIRECT)) {
558 error_setg(errp, "aio=native was specified, but it requires "
559 "cache.direct=on, which was not specified.");
563 if (!aio_setup_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), errp)) {
564 error_prepend(errp, "Unable to use native AIO: ");
569 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
570 error_setg(errp, "aio=native was specified, but is not supported "
575 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_LINUX_AIO) */
577 s->has_discard = true;
578 s->has_write_zeroes = true;
579 if ((bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) != 0) {
580 s->needs_alignment = true;
583 if (fstat(s->fd, &st) < 0) {
585 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not stat file");
588 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
589 s->discard_zeroes = true;
590 s->has_fallocate = true;
592 if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
593 #ifdef BLKDISCARDZEROES
595 if (ioctl(s->fd, BLKDISCARDZEROES, &arg) == 0 && arg) {
596 s->discard_zeroes = true;
600 /* On Linux 3.10, BLKDISCARD leaves stale data in the page cache. Do
601 * not rely on the contents of discarded blocks unless using O_DIRECT.
602 * Same for BLKZEROOUT.
604 if (!(bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE)) {
605 s->discard_zeroes = false;
606 s->has_write_zeroes = false;
611 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
613 * The file is a char device (disk), which on FreeBSD isn't behind
614 * a pager, so force all requests to be aligned. This is needed
615 * so QEMU makes sure all IO operations on the device are aligned
616 * to sector size, or else FreeBSD will reject them with EINVAL.
618 s->needs_alignment = true;
623 if (platform_test_xfs_fd(s->fd)) {
628 bs->supported_zero_flags = s->discard_zeroes ? BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP : 0;
631 if (filename && (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_TEMPORARY)) {
638 static int raw_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
641 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
643 s->type = FTYPE_FILE;
644 return raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, 0, errp);
653 #define PERM_FOREACH(i) \
654 for ((i) = 0; (1ULL << (i)) <= BLK_PERM_ALL; i++)
656 /* Lock bytes indicated by @perm_lock_bits and @shared_perm_lock_bits in the
657 * file; if @unlock == true, also unlock the unneeded bytes.
658 * @shared_perm_lock_bits is the mask of all permissions that are NOT shared.
660 static int raw_apply_lock_bytes(int fd,
661 uint64_t perm_lock_bits,
662 uint64_t shared_perm_lock_bits,
663 bool unlock, Error **errp)
669 int off = RAW_LOCK_PERM_BASE + i;
670 if (perm_lock_bits & (1ULL << i)) {
671 ret = qemu_lock_fd(fd, off, 1, false);
673 error_setg(errp, "Failed to lock byte %d", off);
677 ret = qemu_unlock_fd(fd, off, 1);
679 error_setg(errp, "Failed to unlock byte %d", off);
685 int off = RAW_LOCK_SHARED_BASE + i;
686 if (shared_perm_lock_bits & (1ULL << i)) {
687 ret = qemu_lock_fd(fd, off, 1, false);
689 error_setg(errp, "Failed to lock byte %d", off);
693 ret = qemu_unlock_fd(fd, off, 1);
695 error_setg(errp, "Failed to unlock byte %d", off);
703 /* Check "unshared" bytes implied by @perm and ~@shared_perm in the file. */
704 static int raw_check_lock_bytes(int fd, uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared_perm,
711 int off = RAW_LOCK_SHARED_BASE + i;
712 uint64_t p = 1ULL << i;
714 ret = qemu_lock_fd_test(fd, off, 1, true);
716 char *perm_name = bdrv_perm_names(p);
718 "Failed to get \"%s\" lock",
721 error_append_hint(errp,
722 "Is another process using the image?\n");
728 int off = RAW_LOCK_PERM_BASE + i;
729 uint64_t p = 1ULL << i;
730 if (!(shared_perm & p)) {
731 ret = qemu_lock_fd_test(fd, off, 1, true);
733 char *perm_name = bdrv_perm_names(p);
735 "Failed to get shared \"%s\" lock",
738 error_append_hint(errp,
739 "Is another process using the image?\n");
747 static int raw_handle_perm_lock(BlockDriverState *bs,
749 uint64_t new_perm, uint64_t new_shared,
752 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
754 Error *local_err = NULL;
760 if (bdrv_get_flags(bs) & BDRV_O_INACTIVE) {
764 assert(s->lock_fd > 0);
768 ret = raw_apply_lock_bytes(s->lock_fd, s->perm | new_perm,
769 ~s->shared_perm | ~new_shared,
772 ret = raw_check_lock_bytes(s->lock_fd, new_perm, new_shared, errp);
778 /* fall through to unlock bytes. */
780 raw_apply_lock_bytes(s->lock_fd, s->perm, ~s->shared_perm,
783 /* Theoretically the above call only unlocks bytes and it cannot
784 * fail. Something weird happened, report it.
786 error_report_err(local_err);
790 raw_apply_lock_bytes(s->lock_fd, new_perm, ~new_shared,
793 /* Theoretically the above call only unlocks bytes and it cannot
794 * fail. Something weird happened, report it.
796 error_report_err(local_err);
803 static int raw_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
804 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
807 BDRVRawReopenState *rs;
810 Error *local_err = NULL;
812 assert(state != NULL);
813 assert(state->bs != NULL);
815 s = state->bs->opaque;
817 state->opaque = g_new0(BDRVRawReopenState, 1);
821 /* Handle options changes */
822 opts = qemu_opts_create(&raw_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
823 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, state->options, &local_err);
825 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
830 rs->check_cache_dropped = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "x-check-cache-dropped",
831 s->check_cache_dropped);
833 if (s->type == FTYPE_CD) {
834 rs->open_flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
837 raw_parse_flags(state->flags, &rs->open_flags);
839 int fcntl_flags = O_APPEND | O_NONBLOCK;
841 fcntl_flags |= O_NOATIME;
845 /* Not all operating systems have O_ASYNC, and those that don't
846 * will not let us track the state into rs->open_flags (typically
847 * you achieve the same effect with an ioctl, for example I_SETSIG
848 * on Solaris). But we do not use O_ASYNC, so that's fine.
850 assert((s->open_flags & O_ASYNC) == 0);
853 if ((rs->open_flags & ~fcntl_flags) == (s->open_flags & ~fcntl_flags)) {
854 /* dup the original fd */
855 rs->fd = qemu_dup(s->fd);
857 ret = fcntl_setfl(rs->fd, rs->open_flags);
865 /* If we cannot use fcntl, or fcntl failed, fall back to qemu_open() */
867 const char *normalized_filename = state->bs->filename;
868 ret = raw_normalize_devicepath(&normalized_filename);
870 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not normalize device path");
872 assert(!(rs->open_flags & O_CREAT));
873 rs->fd = qemu_open(normalized_filename, rs->open_flags);
875 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Could not reopen file");
881 /* Fail already reopen_prepare() if we can't get a working O_DIRECT
882 * alignment with the new fd. */
884 raw_probe_alignment(state->bs, rs->fd, &local_err);
888 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
898 static void raw_reopen_commit(BDRVReopenState *state)
900 BDRVRawReopenState *rs = state->opaque;
901 BDRVRawState *s = state->bs->opaque;
903 s->check_cache_dropped = rs->check_cache_dropped;
904 s->open_flags = rs->open_flags;
909 g_free(state->opaque);
910 state->opaque = NULL;
914 static void raw_reopen_abort(BDRVReopenState *state)
916 BDRVRawReopenState *rs = state->opaque;
918 /* nothing to do if NULL, we didn't get far enough */
927 g_free(state->opaque);
928 state->opaque = NULL;
931 static int hdev_get_max_transfer_length(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd)
935 short max_sectors = 0;
936 if (bs->sg && ioctl(fd, BLKSECTGET, &max_bytes) == 0) {
938 } else if (!bs->sg && ioctl(fd, BLKSECTGET, &max_sectors) == 0) {
939 return max_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
948 static int hdev_get_max_segments(const struct stat *st)
958 sysfspath = g_strdup_printf("/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue/max_segments",
959 major(st->st_rdev), minor(st->st_rdev));
960 fd = open(sysfspath, O_RDONLY);
966 ret = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
967 } while (ret == -1 && errno == EINTR);
971 } else if (ret == 0) {
976 /* The file is ended with '\n', pass 'end' to accept that. */
977 ret = qemu_strtol(buf, &end, 10, &max_segments);
978 if (ret == 0 && end && *end == '\n') {
993 static void raw_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
995 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
998 if (!fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
999 if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) || S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
1000 int ret = hdev_get_max_transfer_length(bs, s->fd);
1001 if (ret > 0 && ret <= BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
1002 bs->bl.max_transfer = pow2floor(ret);
1004 ret = hdev_get_max_segments(&st);
1006 bs->bl.max_transfer = MIN(bs->bl.max_transfer,
1007 ret * getpagesize());
1012 raw_probe_alignment(bs, s->fd, errp);
1013 bs->bl.min_mem_alignment = s->buf_align;
1014 bs->bl.opt_mem_alignment = MAX(s->buf_align, getpagesize());
1017 static int check_for_dasd(int fd)
1020 struct dasd_information2_t info = {0};
1022 return ioctl(fd, BIODASDINFO2, &info);
1029 * Try to get @bs's logical and physical block size.
1030 * On success, store them in @bsz and return zero.
1031 * On failure, return negative errno.
1033 static int hdev_probe_blocksizes(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockSizes *bsz)
1035 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1038 /* If DASD, get blocksizes */
1039 if (check_for_dasd(s->fd) < 0) {
1042 ret = probe_logical_blocksize(s->fd, &bsz->log);
1046 return probe_physical_blocksize(s->fd, &bsz->phys);
1050 * Try to get @bs's geometry: cyls, heads, sectors.
1051 * On success, store them in @geo and return 0.
1052 * On failure return -errno.
1053 * (Allows block driver to assign default geometry values that guest sees)
1056 static int hdev_probe_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, HDGeometry *geo)
1058 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1059 struct hd_geometry ioctl_geo = {0};
1061 /* If DASD, get its geometry */
1062 if (check_for_dasd(s->fd) < 0) {
1065 if (ioctl(s->fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &ioctl_geo) < 0) {
1068 /* HDIO_GETGEO may return success even though geo contains zeros
1069 (e.g. certain multipath setups) */
1070 if (!ioctl_geo.heads || !ioctl_geo.sectors || !ioctl_geo.cylinders) {
1073 /* Do not return a geometry for partition */
1074 if (ioctl_geo.start != 0) {
1077 geo->heads = ioctl_geo.heads;
1078 geo->sectors = ioctl_geo.sectors;
1079 geo->cylinders = ioctl_geo.cylinders;
1083 #else /* __linux__ */
1084 static int hdev_probe_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, HDGeometry *geo)
1090 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_ioctl(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1094 ret = ioctl(aiocb->aio_fildes, aiocb->aio_ioctl_cmd, aiocb->aio_ioctl_buf);
1102 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_flush(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1104 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1107 if (s->page_cache_inconsistent) {
1111 ret = qemu_fdatasync(aiocb->aio_fildes);
1113 /* There is no clear definition of the semantics of a failing fsync(),
1114 * so we may have to assume the worst. The sad truth is that this
1115 * assumption is correct for Linux. Some pages are now probably marked
1116 * clean in the page cache even though they are inconsistent with the
1117 * on-disk contents. The next fdatasync() call would succeed, but no
1118 * further writeback attempt will be made. We can't get back to a state
1119 * in which we know what is on disk (we would have to rewrite
1120 * everything that was touched since the last fdatasync() at least), so
1121 * make bdrv_flush() fail permanently. Given that the behaviour isn't
1122 * really defined, I have little hope that other OSes are doing better.
1124 * Obviously, this doesn't affect O_DIRECT, which bypasses the page
1126 if ((s->open_flags & O_DIRECT) == 0) {
1127 s->page_cache_inconsistent = true;
1134 #ifdef CONFIG_PREADV
1136 static bool preadv_present = true;
1139 qemu_preadv(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
1141 return preadv(fd, iov, nr_iov, offset);
1145 qemu_pwritev(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
1147 return pwritev(fd, iov, nr_iov, offset);
1152 static bool preadv_present = false;
1155 qemu_preadv(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
1161 qemu_pwritev(int fd, const struct iovec *iov, int nr_iov, off_t offset)
1168 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw_vector(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1173 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE)
1174 len = qemu_pwritev(aiocb->aio_fildes,
1179 len = qemu_preadv(aiocb->aio_fildes,
1183 } while (len == -1 && errno == EINTR);
1192 * Read/writes the data to/from a given linear buffer.
1194 * Returns the number of bytes handles or -errno in case of an error. Short
1195 * reads are only returned if the end of the file is reached.
1197 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw_linear(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb, char *buf)
1202 while (offset < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1203 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) {
1204 len = pwrite(aiocb->aio_fildes,
1205 (const char *)buf + offset,
1206 aiocb->aio_nbytes - offset,
1207 aiocb->aio_offset + offset);
1209 len = pread(aiocb->aio_fildes,
1211 aiocb->aio_nbytes - offset,
1212 aiocb->aio_offset + offset);
1214 if (len == -1 && errno == EINTR) {
1216 } else if (len == -1 && errno == EINVAL &&
1217 (aiocb->bs->open_flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) &&
1218 !(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) &&
1220 /* O_DIRECT pread() may fail with EINVAL when offset is unaligned
1221 * after a short read. Assume that O_DIRECT short reads only occur
1222 * at EOF. Therefore this is a short read, not an I/O error.
1225 } else if (len == -1) {
1228 } else if (len == 0) {
1237 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_rw(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1242 if (!(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_MISALIGNED)) {
1244 * If there is just a single buffer, and it is properly aligned
1245 * we can just use plain pread/pwrite without any problems.
1247 if (aiocb->aio_niov == 1) {
1248 return handle_aiocb_rw_linear(aiocb, aiocb->aio_iov->iov_base);
1251 * We have more than one iovec, and all are properly aligned.
1253 * Try preadv/pwritev first and fall back to linearizing the
1254 * buffer if it's not supported.
1256 if (preadv_present) {
1257 nbytes = handle_aiocb_rw_vector(aiocb);
1258 if (nbytes == aiocb->aio_nbytes ||
1259 (nbytes < 0 && nbytes != -ENOSYS)) {
1262 preadv_present = false;
1266 * XXX(hch): short read/write. no easy way to handle the reminder
1267 * using these interfaces. For now retry using plain
1273 * Ok, we have to do it the hard way, copy all segments into
1274 * a single aligned buffer.
1276 buf = qemu_try_blockalign(aiocb->bs, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1281 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE) {
1285 for (i = 0; i < aiocb->aio_niov; ++i) {
1286 memcpy(p, aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_base, aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len);
1287 p += aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len;
1289 assert(p - buf == aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1292 nbytes = handle_aiocb_rw_linear(aiocb, buf);
1293 if (!(aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_WRITE)) {
1295 size_t count = aiocb->aio_nbytes, copy;
1298 for (i = 0; i < aiocb->aio_niov && count; ++i) {
1300 if (copy > aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len) {
1301 copy = aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_len;
1303 memcpy(aiocb->aio_iov[i].iov_base, p, copy);
1304 assert(count >= copy);
1316 static int xfs_write_zeroes(BDRVRawState *s, int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes)
1318 struct xfs_flock64 fl;
1321 memset(&fl, 0, sizeof(fl));
1322 fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
1323 fl.l_start = offset;
1326 if (xfsctl(NULL, s->fd, XFS_IOC_ZERO_RANGE, &fl) < 0) {
1328 DPRINTF("cannot write zero range (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
1335 static int xfs_discard(BDRVRawState *s, int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes)
1337 struct xfs_flock64 fl;
1340 memset(&fl, 0, sizeof(fl));
1341 fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
1342 fl.l_start = offset;
1345 if (xfsctl(NULL, s->fd, XFS_IOC_UNRESVSP64, &fl) < 0) {
1347 DPRINTF("cannot punch hole (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
1355 static int translate_err(int err)
1357 if (err == -ENODEV || err == -ENOSYS || err == -EOPNOTSUPP ||
1364 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE
1365 static int do_fallocate(int fd, int mode, off_t offset, off_t len)
1368 if (fallocate(fd, mode, offset, len) == 0) {
1371 } while (errno == EINTR);
1372 return translate_err(-errno);
1376 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_write_zeroes_block(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1379 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1381 if (!s->has_write_zeroes) {
1387 uint64_t range[2] = { aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes };
1388 if (ioctl(aiocb->aio_fildes, BLKZEROOUT, range) == 0) {
1391 } while (errno == EINTR);
1393 ret = translate_err(-errno);
1396 if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
1397 s->has_write_zeroes = false;
1402 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_write_zeroes(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1404 #if defined(CONFIG_FALLOCATE) || defined(CONFIG_XFS)
1405 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1407 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE
1411 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV) {
1412 return handle_aiocb_write_zeroes_block(aiocb);
1417 return xfs_write_zeroes(s, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1421 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE_ZERO_RANGE
1422 if (s->has_write_zeroes) {
1423 int ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE,
1424 aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1425 if (ret == 0 || ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1428 s->has_write_zeroes = false;
1432 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE_PUNCH_HOLE
1433 if (s->has_discard && s->has_fallocate) {
1434 int ret = do_fallocate(s->fd,
1435 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
1436 aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1438 ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, 0, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1439 if (ret == 0 || ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1442 s->has_fallocate = false;
1443 } else if (ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1446 s->has_discard = false;
1451 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE
1452 /* Last resort: we are trying to extend the file with zeroed data. This
1453 * can be done via fallocate(fd, 0) */
1454 len = bdrv_getlength(aiocb->bs);
1455 if (s->has_fallocate && len >= 0 && aiocb->aio_offset >= len) {
1456 int ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, 0, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1457 if (ret == 0 || ret != -ENOTSUP) {
1460 s->has_fallocate = false;
1467 #ifndef HAVE_COPY_FILE_RANGE
1468 static off_t copy_file_range(int in_fd, off_t *in_off, int out_fd,
1469 off_t *out_off, size_t len, unsigned int flags)
1471 #ifdef __NR_copy_file_range
1472 return syscall(__NR_copy_file_range, in_fd, in_off, out_fd,
1473 out_off, len, flags);
1481 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_copy_range(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1483 uint64_t bytes = aiocb->aio_nbytes;
1484 off_t in_off = aiocb->aio_offset;
1485 off_t out_off = aiocb->aio_offset2;
1488 ssize_t ret = copy_file_range(aiocb->aio_fildes, &in_off,
1489 aiocb->aio_fd2, &out_off,
1492 /* No progress (e.g. when beyond EOF), let the caller fall back to
1511 static ssize_t handle_aiocb_discard(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1513 int ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
1514 BDRVRawState *s = aiocb->bs->opaque;
1516 if (!s->has_discard) {
1520 if (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV) {
1523 uint64_t range[2] = { aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes };
1524 if (ioctl(aiocb->aio_fildes, BLKDISCARD, range) == 0) {
1527 } while (errno == EINTR);
1534 return xfs_discard(s, aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1538 #ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE_PUNCH_HOLE
1539 ret = do_fallocate(s->fd, FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
1540 aiocb->aio_offset, aiocb->aio_nbytes);
1544 ret = translate_err(ret);
1545 if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
1546 s->has_discard = false;
1551 static int handle_aiocb_truncate(RawPosixAIOData *aiocb)
1554 int64_t current_length = 0;
1557 int fd = aiocb->aio_fildes;
1558 int64_t offset = aiocb->aio_offset;
1559 Error **errp = aiocb->errp;
1561 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
1563 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not stat file");
1567 current_length = st.st_size;
1568 if (current_length > offset && aiocb->prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
1569 error_setg(errp, "Cannot use preallocation for shrinking files");
1573 switch (aiocb->prealloc) {
1574 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1575 case PREALLOC_MODE_FALLOC:
1577 * Truncating before posix_fallocate() makes it about twice slower on
1578 * file systems that do not support fallocate(), trying to check if a
1579 * block is allocated before allocating it, so don't do that here.
1581 if (offset != current_length) {
1582 result = -posix_fallocate(fd, current_length,
1583 offset - current_length);
1585 /* posix_fallocate() doesn't set errno. */
1586 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1587 "Could not preallocate new data");
1594 case PREALLOC_MODE_FULL:
1596 int64_t num = 0, left = offset - current_length;
1600 * Knowing the final size from the beginning could allow the file
1601 * system driver to do less allocations and possibly avoid
1602 * fragmentation of the file.
1604 if (ftruncate(fd, offset) != 0) {
1606 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not resize file");
1610 buf = g_malloc0(65536);
1612 seek_result = lseek(fd, current_length, SEEK_SET);
1613 if (seek_result < 0) {
1615 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1616 "Failed to seek to the old end of file");
1621 num = MIN(left, 65536);
1622 result = write(fd, buf, num);
1625 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1626 "Could not write zeros for preallocation");
1635 error_setg_errno(errp, -result,
1636 "Could not flush file to disk");
1642 case PREALLOC_MODE_OFF:
1643 if (ftruncate(fd, offset) != 0) {
1645 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not resize file");
1650 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported preallocation mode: %s",
1651 PreallocMode_str(aiocb->prealloc));
1657 if (ftruncate(fd, current_length) < 0) {
1658 error_report("Failed to restore old file length: %s",
1667 static int aio_worker(void *arg)
1669 RawPosixAIOData *aiocb = arg;
1672 switch (aiocb->aio_type & QEMU_AIO_TYPE_MASK) {
1674 ret = handle_aiocb_rw(aiocb);
1675 if (ret >= 0 && ret < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1676 iov_memset(aiocb->aio_iov, aiocb->aio_niov, ret,
1677 0, aiocb->aio_nbytes - ret);
1679 ret = aiocb->aio_nbytes;
1681 if (ret == aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1683 } else if (ret >= 0 && ret < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1687 case QEMU_AIO_WRITE:
1688 ret = handle_aiocb_rw(aiocb);
1689 if (ret == aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1691 } else if (ret >= 0 && ret < aiocb->aio_nbytes) {
1695 case QEMU_AIO_FLUSH:
1696 ret = handle_aiocb_flush(aiocb);
1698 case QEMU_AIO_IOCTL:
1699 ret = handle_aiocb_ioctl(aiocb);
1701 case QEMU_AIO_DISCARD:
1702 ret = handle_aiocb_discard(aiocb);
1704 case QEMU_AIO_WRITE_ZEROES:
1705 ret = handle_aiocb_write_zeroes(aiocb);
1707 case QEMU_AIO_COPY_RANGE:
1708 ret = handle_aiocb_copy_range(aiocb);
1710 case QEMU_AIO_TRUNCATE:
1711 ret = handle_aiocb_truncate(aiocb);
1714 fprintf(stderr, "invalid aio request (0x%x)\n", aiocb->aio_type);
1723 static int paio_submit_co_full(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd,
1724 int64_t offset, int fd2, int64_t offset2,
1726 int bytes, int type)
1728 RawPosixAIOData *acb = g_new(RawPosixAIOData, 1);
1732 acb->aio_type = type;
1733 acb->aio_fildes = fd;
1735 acb->aio_offset2 = offset2;
1737 acb->aio_nbytes = bytes;
1738 acb->aio_offset = offset;
1741 acb->aio_iov = qiov->iov;
1742 acb->aio_niov = qiov->niov;
1743 assert(qiov->size == bytes);
1746 trace_paio_submit_co(offset, bytes, type);
1747 pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1748 return thread_pool_submit_co(pool, aio_worker, acb);
1751 static inline int paio_submit_co(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd,
1752 int64_t offset, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1753 int bytes, int type)
1755 return paio_submit_co_full(bs, fd, offset, -1, 0, qiov, bytes, type);
1758 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_prw(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1759 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int type)
1761 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1763 if (fd_open(bs) < 0)
1767 * Check if the underlying device requires requests to be aligned,
1768 * and if the request we are trying to submit is aligned or not.
1769 * If this is the case tell the low-level driver that it needs
1770 * to copy the buffer.
1772 if (s->needs_alignment) {
1773 if (!bdrv_qiov_is_aligned(bs, qiov)) {
1774 type |= QEMU_AIO_MISALIGNED;
1775 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1776 } else if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1777 LinuxAioState *aio = aio_get_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1778 assert(qiov->size == bytes);
1779 return laio_co_submit(bs, aio, s->fd, offset, qiov, type);
1784 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, qiov, bytes, type);
1787 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1788 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1791 return raw_co_prw(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, QEMU_AIO_READ);
1794 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1795 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1799 return raw_co_prw(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, QEMU_AIO_WRITE);
1802 static void raw_aio_plug(BlockDriverState *bs)
1804 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1805 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1806 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1807 LinuxAioState *aio = aio_get_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1808 laio_io_plug(bs, aio);
1813 static void raw_aio_unplug(BlockDriverState *bs)
1815 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1816 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1817 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1818 LinuxAioState *aio = aio_get_linux_aio(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1819 laio_io_unplug(bs, aio);
1824 static int raw_co_flush_to_disk(BlockDriverState *bs)
1826 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1834 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, 0, NULL, 0, QEMU_AIO_FLUSH);
1837 static void raw_aio_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
1838 AioContext *new_context)
1840 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
1841 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1842 if (s->use_linux_aio) {
1844 if (!aio_setup_linux_aio(new_context, &local_err)) {
1845 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Unable to use native AIO, "
1846 "falling back to thread pool: ");
1847 s->use_linux_aio = false;
1853 static void raw_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1855 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1861 if (s->lock_fd >= 0) {
1862 qemu_close(s->lock_fd);
1868 * Truncates the given regular file @fd to @offset and, when growing, fills the
1869 * new space according to @prealloc.
1871 * Returns: 0 on success, -errno on failure.
1873 static int coroutine_fn
1874 raw_regular_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int fd, int64_t offset,
1875 PreallocMode prealloc, Error **errp)
1877 RawPosixAIOData *acb = g_new(RawPosixAIOData, 1);
1880 *acb = (RawPosixAIOData) {
1883 .aio_type = QEMU_AIO_TRUNCATE,
1884 .aio_offset = offset,
1885 .prealloc = prealloc,
1889 /* @bs can be NULL, bdrv_get_aio_context() returns the main context then */
1890 pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
1891 return thread_pool_submit_co(pool, aio_worker, acb);
1894 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
1895 PreallocMode prealloc, Error **errp)
1897 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1901 if (fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
1903 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to fstat() the file");
1907 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
1908 return raw_regular_truncate(bs, s->fd, offset, prealloc, errp);
1911 if (prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
1912 error_setg(errp, "Preallocation mode '%s' unsupported for this "
1913 "non-regular file", PreallocMode_str(prealloc));
1917 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
1918 if (offset > raw_getlength(bs)) {
1919 error_setg(errp, "Cannot grow device files");
1923 error_setg(errp, "Resizing this file is not supported");
1931 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1933 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1939 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
1940 struct disklabel dl;
1942 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl))
1944 return (uint64_t)dl.d_secsize *
1945 dl.d_partitions[DISKPART(st.st_rdev)].p_size;
1949 #elif defined(__NetBSD__)
1950 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1952 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1958 if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
1959 struct dkwedge_info dkw;
1961 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGWEDGEINFO, &dkw) != -1) {
1962 return dkw.dkw_size * 512;
1964 struct disklabel dl;
1966 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl))
1968 return (uint64_t)dl.d_secsize *
1969 dl.d_partitions[DISKPART(st.st_rdev)].p_size;
1974 #elif defined(__sun__)
1975 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1977 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
1978 struct dk_minfo minfo;
1988 * Use the DKIOCGMEDIAINFO ioctl to read the size.
1990 ret = ioctl(s->fd, DKIOCGMEDIAINFO, &minfo);
1992 return minfo.dki_lbsize * minfo.dki_capacity;
1996 * There are reports that lseek on some devices fails, but
1997 * irc discussion said that contingency on contingency was overkill.
1999 size = lseek(s->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
2005 #elif defined(CONFIG_BSD)
2006 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
2008 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2012 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
2021 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
2024 if (!fstat(fd, &sb) && (S_IFCHR & sb.st_mode)) {
2025 #ifdef DIOCGMEDIASIZE
2026 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, (off_t *)&size))
2027 #elif defined(DIOCGPART)
2030 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPART, &pi) == 0)
2031 size = pi.media_size;
2037 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
2039 uint64_t sectors = 0;
2040 uint32_t sector_size = 0;
2042 if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKCOUNT, §ors) == 0
2043 && ioctl(fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKSIZE, §or_size) == 0) {
2044 size = sectors * sector_size;
2046 size = lseek(fd, 0LL, SEEK_END);
2053 size = lseek(fd, 0LL, SEEK_END);
2058 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
2061 /* XXX FreeBSD acd returns UINT_MAX sectors for an empty drive */
2062 if (size == 2048LL * (unsigned)-1)
2064 /* XXX no disc? maybe we need to reopen... */
2065 if (size <= 0 && !reopened && cdrom_reopen(bs) >= 0) {
2072 size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
2080 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
2082 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2091 size = lseek(s->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
2099 static int64_t raw_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
2102 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2104 if (fstat(s->fd, &st) < 0) {
2107 return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512;
2110 static int coroutine_fn
2111 raw_co_create(BlockdevCreateOptions *options, Error **errp)
2113 BlockdevCreateOptionsFile *file_opts;
2114 Error *local_err = NULL;
2116 uint64_t perm, shared;
2119 /* Validate options and set default values */
2120 assert(options->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_FILE);
2121 file_opts = &options->u.file;
2123 if (!file_opts->has_nocow) {
2124 file_opts->nocow = false;
2126 if (!file_opts->has_preallocation) {
2127 file_opts->preallocation = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF;
2131 fd = qemu_open(file_opts->filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_BINARY, 0644);
2134 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not create file");
2138 /* Take permissions: We want to discard everything, so we need
2139 * BLK_PERM_WRITE; and truncation to the desired size requires
2141 * On the other hand, we cannot share the RESIZE permission
2142 * because we promise that after this function, the file has the
2143 * size given in the options. If someone else were to resize it
2144 * concurrently, we could not guarantee that.
2145 * Note that after this function, we can no longer guarantee that
2146 * the file is not touched by a third party, so it may be resized
2148 perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE;
2149 shared = BLK_PERM_ALL & ~BLK_PERM_RESIZE;
2151 /* Step one: Take locks */
2152 result = raw_apply_lock_bytes(fd, perm, ~shared, false, errp);
2157 /* Step two: Check that nobody else has taken conflicting locks */
2158 result = raw_check_lock_bytes(fd, perm, shared, errp);
2163 /* Clear the file by truncating it to 0 */
2164 result = raw_regular_truncate(NULL, fd, 0, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, errp);
2169 if (file_opts->nocow) {
2171 /* Set NOCOW flag to solve performance issue on fs like btrfs.
2172 * This is an optimisation. The FS_IOC_SETFLAGS ioctl return value
2173 * will be ignored since any failure of this operation should not
2174 * block the left work.
2177 if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, &attr) == 0) {
2178 attr |= FS_NOCOW_FL;
2179 ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &attr);
2184 /* Resize and potentially preallocate the file to the desired
2186 result = raw_regular_truncate(NULL, fd, file_opts->size,
2187 file_opts->preallocation, errp);
2193 raw_apply_lock_bytes(fd, 0, 0, true, &local_err);
2195 /* The above call should not fail, and if it does, that does
2196 * not mean the whole creation operation has failed. So
2197 * report it the user for their convenience, but do not report
2198 * it to the caller. */
2199 error_report_err(local_err);
2203 if (qemu_close(fd) != 0 && result == 0) {
2205 error_setg_errno(errp, -result, "Could not close the new file");
2211 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_create_opts(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts,
2214 BlockdevCreateOptions options;
2215 int64_t total_size = 0;
2217 PreallocMode prealloc;
2219 Error *local_err = NULL;
2221 /* Skip file: protocol prefix */
2222 strstart(filename, "file:", &filename);
2224 /* Read out options */
2225 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
2227 nocow = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_NOCOW, false);
2228 buf = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
2229 prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(&PreallocMode_lookup, buf,
2230 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, &local_err);
2233 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2237 options = (BlockdevCreateOptions) {
2238 .driver = BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_FILE,
2240 .filename = (char *) filename,
2242 .has_preallocation = true,
2243 .preallocation = prealloc,
2248 return raw_co_create(&options, errp);
2252 * Find allocation range in @bs around offset @start.
2253 * May change underlying file descriptor's file offset.
2254 * If @start is not in a hole, store @start in @data, and the
2255 * beginning of the next hole in @hole, and return 0.
2256 * If @start is in a non-trailing hole, store @start in @hole and the
2257 * beginning of the next non-hole in @data, and return 0.
2258 * If @start is in a trailing hole or beyond EOF, return -ENXIO.
2259 * If we can't find out, return a negative errno other than -ENXIO.
2261 static int find_allocation(BlockDriverState *bs, off_t start,
2262 off_t *data, off_t *hole)
2264 #if defined SEEK_HOLE && defined SEEK_DATA
2265 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2270 * D1. offs == start: start is in data
2271 * D2. offs > start: start is in a hole, next data at offs
2272 * D3. offs < 0, errno = ENXIO: either start is in a trailing hole
2273 * or start is beyond EOF
2274 * If the latter happens, the file has been truncated behind
2275 * our back since we opened it. All bets are off then.
2276 * Treating like a trailing hole is simplest.
2277 * D4. offs < 0, errno != ENXIO: we learned nothing
2279 offs = lseek(s->fd, start, SEEK_DATA);
2281 return -errno; /* D3 or D4 */
2285 /* This is not a valid return by lseek(). We are safe to just return
2286 * -EIO in this case, and we'll treat it like D4. */
2291 /* D2: in hole, next data at offs */
2297 /* D1: in data, end not yet known */
2301 * H1. offs == start: start is in a hole
2302 * If this happens here, a hole has been dug behind our back
2303 * since the previous lseek().
2304 * H2. offs > start: either start is in data, next hole at offs,
2305 * or start is in trailing hole, EOF at offs
2306 * Linux treats trailing holes like any other hole: offs ==
2307 * start. Solaris seeks to EOF instead: offs > start (blech).
2308 * If that happens here, a hole has been dug behind our back
2309 * since the previous lseek().
2310 * H3. offs < 0, errno = ENXIO: start is beyond EOF
2311 * If this happens, the file has been truncated behind our
2312 * back since we opened it. Treat it like a trailing hole.
2313 * H4. offs < 0, errno != ENXIO: we learned nothing
2314 * Pretend we know nothing at all, i.e. "forget" about D1.
2316 offs = lseek(s->fd, start, SEEK_HOLE);
2318 return -errno; /* D1 and (H3 or H4) */
2322 /* This is not a valid return by lseek(). We are safe to just return
2323 * -EIO in this case, and we'll treat it like H4. */
2329 * D1 and H2: either in data, next hole at offs, or it was in
2330 * data but is now in a trailing hole. In the latter case,
2331 * all bets are off. Treating it as if it there was data all
2332 * the way to EOF is safe, so simply do that.
2347 * Returns the allocation status of the specified offset.
2349 * The block layer guarantees 'offset' and 'bytes' are within bounds.
2351 * 'pnum' is set to the number of bytes (including and immediately following
2352 * the specified offset) that are known to be in the same
2353 * allocated/unallocated state.
2355 * 'bytes' is the max value 'pnum' should be set to.
2357 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
2360 int64_t bytes, int64_t *pnum,
2362 BlockDriverState **file)
2364 off_t data = 0, hole = 0;
2376 return BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
2379 ret = find_allocation(bs, offset, &data, &hole);
2380 if (ret == -ENXIO) {
2383 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
2384 } else if (ret < 0) {
2385 /* No info available, so pretend there are no holes */
2387 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
2388 } else if (data == offset) {
2389 /* On a data extent, compute bytes to the end of the extent,
2390 * possibly including a partial sector at EOF. */
2391 *pnum = MIN(bytes, hole - offset);
2392 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
2394 /* On a hole, compute bytes to the beginning of the next extent. */
2395 assert(hole == offset);
2396 *pnum = MIN(bytes, data - offset);
2397 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
2401 return ret | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
2404 #if defined(__linux__)
2405 /* Verify that the file is not in the page cache */
2406 static void check_cache_dropped(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
2408 const size_t window_size = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
2409 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2410 void *window = NULL;
2417 /* mincore(2) page status information requires 1 byte per page */
2418 page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
2419 vec = g_malloc(DIV_ROUND_UP(window_size, page_size));
2421 end = raw_getlength(bs);
2423 for (offset = 0; offset < end; offset += window_size) {
2430 /* Unmap previous window if size has changed */
2431 new_length = MIN(end - offset, window_size);
2432 if (new_length != length) {
2433 munmap(window, length);
2438 new_window = mmap(window, new_length, PROT_NONE, MAP_PRIVATE,
2440 if (new_window == MAP_FAILED) {
2441 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "mmap failed");
2445 window = new_window;
2446 length = new_length;
2448 ret = mincore(window, length, vec);
2450 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "mincore failed");
2454 vec_end = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, page_size);
2455 for (i = 0; i < vec_end; i++) {
2457 error_setg(errp, "page cache still in use!");
2464 munmap(window, length);
2469 #endif /* __linux__ */
2471 static void coroutine_fn raw_co_invalidate_cache(BlockDriverState *bs,
2474 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2479 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "The file descriptor is not open");
2483 if (s->open_flags & O_DIRECT) {
2484 return; /* No host kernel page cache */
2487 #if defined(__linux__)
2488 /* This sets the scene for the next syscall... */
2489 ret = bdrv_co_flush(bs);
2491 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "flush failed");
2495 /* Linux does not invalidate pages that are dirty, locked, or mmapped by a
2496 * process. These limitations are okay because we just fsynced the file,
2497 * we don't use mmap, and the file should not be in use by other processes.
2499 ret = posix_fadvise(s->fd, 0, 0, POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED);
2500 if (ret != 0) { /* the return value is a positive errno */
2501 error_setg_errno(errp, ret, "fadvise failed");
2505 if (s->check_cache_dropped) {
2506 check_cache_dropped(bs, errp);
2508 #else /* __linux__ */
2509 /* Do nothing. Live migration to a remote host with cache.direct=off is
2510 * unsupported on other host operating systems. Cache consistency issues
2511 * may occur but no error is reported here, partly because that's the
2512 * historical behavior and partly because it's hard to differentiate valid
2513 * configurations that should not cause errors.
2515 #endif /* !__linux__ */
2518 static coroutine_fn int
2519 raw_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int bytes)
2521 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2523 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, bytes, QEMU_AIO_DISCARD);
2526 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pwrite_zeroes(
2527 BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
2528 int bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
2530 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2532 if (!(flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP)) {
2533 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, bytes,
2534 QEMU_AIO_WRITE_ZEROES);
2535 } else if (s->discard_zeroes) {
2536 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, bytes,
2542 static int raw_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
2544 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2546 bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero = s->discard_zeroes;
2550 static QemuOptsList raw_create_opts = {
2551 .name = "raw-create-opts",
2552 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(raw_create_opts.head),
2555 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
2556 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
2557 .help = "Virtual disk size"
2560 .name = BLOCK_OPT_NOCOW,
2561 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
2562 .help = "Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)"
2565 .name = BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC,
2566 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
2567 .help = "Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, falloc, full)"
2569 { /* end of list */ }
2573 static int raw_check_perm(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared,
2576 return raw_handle_perm_lock(bs, RAW_PL_PREPARE, perm, shared, errp);
2579 static void raw_set_perm(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared)
2581 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2582 raw_handle_perm_lock(bs, RAW_PL_COMMIT, perm, shared, NULL);
2584 s->shared_perm = shared;
2587 static void raw_abort_perm_update(BlockDriverState *bs)
2589 raw_handle_perm_lock(bs, RAW_PL_ABORT, 0, 0, NULL);
2592 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_copy_range_from(BlockDriverState *bs,
2593 BdrvChild *src, uint64_t src_offset,
2594 BdrvChild *dst, uint64_t dst_offset,
2595 uint64_t bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
2597 return bdrv_co_copy_range_to(src, src_offset, dst, dst_offset, bytes, flags);
2600 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_copy_range_to(BlockDriverState *bs,
2601 BdrvChild *src, uint64_t src_offset,
2602 BdrvChild *dst, uint64_t dst_offset,
2603 uint64_t bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
2605 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2606 BDRVRawState *src_s;
2608 assert(dst->bs == bs);
2609 if (src->bs->drv->bdrv_co_copy_range_to != raw_co_copy_range_to) {
2613 src_s = src->bs->opaque;
2614 if (fd_open(bs) < 0 || fd_open(bs) < 0) {
2617 return paio_submit_co_full(bs, src_s->fd, src_offset, s->fd, dst_offset,
2618 NULL, bytes, QEMU_AIO_COPY_RANGE);
2621 BlockDriver bdrv_file = {
2622 .format_name = "file",
2623 .protocol_name = "file",
2624 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
2625 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
2626 .bdrv_probe = NULL, /* no probe for protocols */
2627 .bdrv_parse_filename = raw_parse_filename,
2628 .bdrv_file_open = raw_open,
2629 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
2630 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
2631 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
2632 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
2633 .bdrv_co_create = raw_co_create,
2634 .bdrv_co_create_opts = raw_co_create_opts,
2635 .bdrv_has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init_1,
2636 .bdrv_co_block_status = raw_co_block_status,
2637 .bdrv_co_invalidate_cache = raw_co_invalidate_cache,
2638 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = raw_co_pwrite_zeroes,
2640 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
2641 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
2642 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = raw_co_flush_to_disk,
2643 .bdrv_co_pdiscard = raw_co_pdiscard,
2644 .bdrv_co_copy_range_from = raw_co_copy_range_from,
2645 .bdrv_co_copy_range_to = raw_co_copy_range_to,
2646 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
2647 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
2648 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
2649 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = raw_aio_attach_aio_context,
2651 .bdrv_co_truncate = raw_co_truncate,
2652 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
2653 .bdrv_get_info = raw_get_info,
2654 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
2655 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
2656 .bdrv_check_perm = raw_check_perm,
2657 .bdrv_set_perm = raw_set_perm,
2658 .bdrv_abort_perm_update = raw_abort_perm_update,
2659 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
2662 /***********************************************/
2665 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
2666 static kern_return_t GetBSDPath(io_iterator_t mediaIterator, char *bsdPath,
2667 CFIndex maxPathSize, int flags);
2668 static char *FindEjectableOpticalMedia(io_iterator_t *mediaIterator)
2670 kern_return_t kernResult = KERN_FAILURE;
2671 mach_port_t masterPort;
2672 CFMutableDictionaryRef classesToMatch;
2673 const char *matching_array[] = {kIODVDMediaClass, kIOCDMediaClass};
2674 char *mediaType = NULL;
2676 kernResult = IOMasterPort( MACH_PORT_NULL, &masterPort );
2677 if ( KERN_SUCCESS != kernResult ) {
2678 printf( "IOMasterPort returned %d\n", kernResult );
2682 for (index = 0; index < ARRAY_SIZE(matching_array); index++) {
2683 classesToMatch = IOServiceMatching(matching_array[index]);
2684 if (classesToMatch == NULL) {
2685 error_report("IOServiceMatching returned NULL for %s",
2686 matching_array[index]);
2689 CFDictionarySetValue(classesToMatch, CFSTR(kIOMediaEjectableKey),
2691 kernResult = IOServiceGetMatchingServices(masterPort, classesToMatch,
2693 if (kernResult != KERN_SUCCESS) {
2694 error_report("Note: IOServiceGetMatchingServices returned %d",
2699 /* If a match was found, leave the loop */
2700 if (*mediaIterator != 0) {
2701 DPRINTF("Matching using %s\n", matching_array[index]);
2702 mediaType = g_strdup(matching_array[index]);
2709 kern_return_t GetBSDPath(io_iterator_t mediaIterator, char *bsdPath,
2710 CFIndex maxPathSize, int flags)
2712 io_object_t nextMedia;
2713 kern_return_t kernResult = KERN_FAILURE;
2715 nextMedia = IOIteratorNext( mediaIterator );
2718 CFTypeRef bsdPathAsCFString;
2719 bsdPathAsCFString = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty( nextMedia, CFSTR( kIOBSDNameKey ), kCFAllocatorDefault, 0 );
2720 if ( bsdPathAsCFString ) {
2721 size_t devPathLength;
2722 strcpy( bsdPath, _PATH_DEV );
2723 if (flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) {
2724 strcat(bsdPath, "r");
2726 devPathLength = strlen( bsdPath );
2727 if ( CFStringGetCString( bsdPathAsCFString, bsdPath + devPathLength, maxPathSize - devPathLength, kCFStringEncodingASCII ) ) {
2728 kernResult = KERN_SUCCESS;
2730 CFRelease( bsdPathAsCFString );
2732 IOObjectRelease( nextMedia );
2738 /* Sets up a real cdrom for use in QEMU */
2739 static bool setup_cdrom(char *bsd_path, Error **errp)
2741 int index, num_of_test_partitions = 2, fd;
2742 char test_partition[MAXPATHLEN];
2743 bool partition_found = false;
2745 /* look for a working partition */
2746 for (index = 0; index < num_of_test_partitions; index++) {
2747 snprintf(test_partition, sizeof(test_partition), "%ss%d", bsd_path,
2749 fd = qemu_open(test_partition, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE);
2751 partition_found = true;
2757 /* if a working partition on the device was not found */
2758 if (partition_found == false) {
2759 error_setg(errp, "Failed to find a working partition on disc");
2761 DPRINTF("Using %s as optical disc\n", test_partition);
2762 pstrcpy(bsd_path, MAXPATHLEN, test_partition);
2764 return partition_found;
2767 /* Prints directions on mounting and unmounting a device */
2768 static void print_unmounting_directions(const char *file_name)
2770 error_report("If device %s is mounted on the desktop, unmount"
2771 " it first before using it in QEMU", file_name);
2772 error_report("Command to unmount device: diskutil unmountDisk %s",
2774 error_report("Command to mount device: diskutil mountDisk %s", file_name);
2777 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) */
2779 static int hdev_probe_device(const char *filename)
2783 /* allow a dedicated CD-ROM driver to match with a higher priority */
2784 if (strstart(filename, "/dev/cdrom", NULL))
2787 if (stat(filename, &st) >= 0 &&
2788 (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))) {
2795 static int check_hdev_writable(BDRVRawState *s)
2797 #if defined(BLKROGET)
2798 /* Linux block devices can be configured "read-only" using blockdev(8).
2799 * This is independent of device node permissions and therefore open(2)
2800 * with O_RDWR succeeds. Actual writes fail with EPERM.
2802 * bdrv_open() is supposed to fail if the disk is read-only. Explicitly
2803 * check for read-only block devices so that Linux block devices behave
2809 if (fstat(s->fd, &st)) {
2813 if (!S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
2817 if (ioctl(s->fd, BLKROGET, &readonly) < 0) {
2824 #endif /* defined(BLKROGET) */
2828 static void hdev_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
2831 bdrv_parse_filename_strip_prefix(filename, "host_device:", options);
2834 static bool hdev_is_sg(BlockDriverState *bs)
2837 #if defined(__linux__)
2839 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2841 struct sg_scsi_id scsiid;
2845 if (stat(bs->filename, &st) < 0 || !S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
2849 ret = ioctl(s->fd, SG_GET_VERSION_NUM, &sg_version);
2854 ret = ioctl(s->fd, SG_GET_SCSI_ID, &scsiid);
2856 DPRINTF("SG device found: type=%d, version=%d\n",
2857 scsiid.scsi_type, sg_version);
2866 static int hdev_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
2869 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2870 Error *local_err = NULL;
2873 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
2875 * Caution: while qdict_get_str() is fine, getting non-string types
2876 * would require more care. When @options come from -blockdev or
2877 * blockdev_add, its members are typed according to the QAPI
2878 * schema, but when they come from -drive, they're all QString.
2880 const char *filename = qdict_get_str(options, "filename");
2881 char bsd_path[MAXPATHLEN] = "";
2882 bool error_occurred = false;
2884 /* If using a real cdrom */
2885 if (strcmp(filename, "/dev/cdrom") == 0) {
2886 char *mediaType = NULL;
2887 kern_return_t ret_val;
2888 io_iterator_t mediaIterator = 0;
2890 mediaType = FindEjectableOpticalMedia(&mediaIterator);
2891 if (mediaType == NULL) {
2892 error_setg(errp, "Please make sure your CD/DVD is in the optical"
2894 error_occurred = true;
2895 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2898 ret_val = GetBSDPath(mediaIterator, bsd_path, sizeof(bsd_path), flags);
2899 if (ret_val != KERN_SUCCESS) {
2900 error_setg(errp, "Could not get BSD path for optical drive");
2901 error_occurred = true;
2902 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2905 /* If a real optical drive was not found */
2906 if (bsd_path[0] == '\0') {
2907 error_setg(errp, "Failed to obtain bsd path for optical drive");
2908 error_occurred = true;
2909 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2912 /* If using a cdrom disc and finding a partition on the disc failed */
2913 if (strncmp(mediaType, kIOCDMediaClass, 9) == 0 &&
2914 setup_cdrom(bsd_path, errp) == false) {
2915 print_unmounting_directions(bsd_path);
2916 error_occurred = true;
2917 goto hdev_open_Mac_error;
2920 qdict_put_str(options, "filename", bsd_path);
2922 hdev_open_Mac_error:
2924 if (mediaIterator) {
2925 IOObjectRelease(mediaIterator);
2927 if (error_occurred) {
2931 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) */
2933 s->type = FTYPE_FILE;
2935 ret = raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, 0, &local_err);
2937 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2938 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
2940 filename = bsd_path;
2942 /* if a physical device experienced an error while being opened */
2943 if (strncmp(filename, "/dev/", 5) == 0) {
2944 print_unmounting_directions(filename);
2946 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) */
2950 /* Since this does ioctl the device must be already opened */
2951 bs->sg = hdev_is_sg(bs);
2953 if (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
2954 ret = check_hdev_writable(s);
2957 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "The device is not writable");
2965 #if defined(__linux__)
2967 static BlockAIOCB *hdev_aio_ioctl(BlockDriverState *bs,
2968 unsigned long int req, void *buf,
2969 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
2971 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
2972 RawPosixAIOData *acb;
2975 if (fd_open(bs) < 0)
2978 if (req == SG_IO && s->pr_mgr) {
2979 struct sg_io_hdr *io_hdr = buf;
2980 if (io_hdr->cmdp[0] == PERSISTENT_RESERVE_OUT ||
2981 io_hdr->cmdp[0] == PERSISTENT_RESERVE_IN) {
2982 return pr_manager_execute(s->pr_mgr, bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
2983 s->fd, io_hdr, cb, opaque);
2987 acb = g_new(RawPosixAIOData, 1);
2989 acb->aio_type = QEMU_AIO_IOCTL;
2990 acb->aio_fildes = s->fd;
2991 acb->aio_offset = 0;
2992 acb->aio_ioctl_buf = buf;
2993 acb->aio_ioctl_cmd = req;
2994 pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
2995 return thread_pool_submit_aio(pool, aio_worker, acb, cb, opaque);
2999 static int fd_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
3001 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3003 /* this is just to ensure s->fd is sane (its called by io ops) */
3009 static coroutine_fn int
3010 hdev_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int bytes)
3012 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3019 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, bytes,
3020 QEMU_AIO_DISCARD | QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV);
3023 static coroutine_fn int hdev_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
3024 int64_t offset, int bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
3026 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3033 if (!(flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP)) {
3034 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, bytes,
3035 QEMU_AIO_WRITE_ZEROES|QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV);
3036 } else if (s->discard_zeroes) {
3037 return paio_submit_co(bs, s->fd, offset, NULL, bytes,
3038 QEMU_AIO_DISCARD|QEMU_AIO_BLKDEV);
3043 static int coroutine_fn hdev_co_create_opts(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts,
3048 struct stat stat_buf;
3049 int64_t total_size = 0;
3052 /* This function is used by both protocol block drivers and therefore either
3053 * of these prefixes may be given.
3054 * The return value has to be stored somewhere, otherwise this is an error
3055 * due to -Werror=unused-value. */
3057 strstart(filename, "host_device:", &filename) ||
3058 strstart(filename, "host_cdrom:" , &filename);
3062 ret = raw_normalize_devicepath(&filename);
3064 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not normalize device path");
3068 /* Read out options */
3069 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
3072 fd = qemu_open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_BINARY);
3075 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not open device");
3079 if (fstat(fd, &stat_buf) < 0) {
3081 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not stat device");
3082 } else if (!S_ISBLK(stat_buf.st_mode) && !S_ISCHR(stat_buf.st_mode)) {
3084 "The given file is neither a block nor a character device");
3086 } else if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END) < total_size) {
3087 error_setg(errp, "Device is too small");
3091 if (!ret && total_size) {
3092 uint8_t buf[BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE] = { 0 };
3093 int64_t zero_size = MIN(BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, total_size);
3094 if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
3097 ret = qemu_write_full(fd, buf, zero_size);
3098 ret = ret == zero_size ? 0 : -errno;
3105 static BlockDriver bdrv_host_device = {
3106 .format_name = "host_device",
3107 .protocol_name = "host_device",
3108 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
3109 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
3110 .bdrv_probe_device = hdev_probe_device,
3111 .bdrv_parse_filename = hdev_parse_filename,
3112 .bdrv_file_open = hdev_open,
3113 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
3114 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
3115 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
3116 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
3117 .bdrv_co_create_opts = hdev_co_create_opts,
3118 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
3119 .bdrv_co_invalidate_cache = raw_co_invalidate_cache,
3120 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = hdev_co_pwrite_zeroes,
3122 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
3123 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
3124 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = raw_co_flush_to_disk,
3125 .bdrv_co_pdiscard = hdev_co_pdiscard,
3126 .bdrv_co_copy_range_from = raw_co_copy_range_from,
3127 .bdrv_co_copy_range_to = raw_co_copy_range_to,
3128 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
3129 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
3130 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
3132 .bdrv_co_truncate = raw_co_truncate,
3133 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
3134 .bdrv_get_info = raw_get_info,
3135 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
3136 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
3137 .bdrv_check_perm = raw_check_perm,
3138 .bdrv_set_perm = raw_set_perm,
3139 .bdrv_abort_perm_update = raw_abort_perm_update,
3140 .bdrv_probe_blocksizes = hdev_probe_blocksizes,
3141 .bdrv_probe_geometry = hdev_probe_geometry,
3143 /* generic scsi device */
3145 .bdrv_aio_ioctl = hdev_aio_ioctl,
3149 #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
3150 static void cdrom_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
3153 bdrv_parse_filename_strip_prefix(filename, "host_cdrom:", options);
3158 static int cdrom_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
3161 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3165 /* open will not fail even if no CD is inserted, so add O_NONBLOCK */
3166 return raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, O_NONBLOCK, errp);
3169 static int cdrom_probe_device(const char *filename)
3175 fd = qemu_open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
3179 ret = fstat(fd, &st);
3180 if (ret == -1 || !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
3184 /* Attempt to detect via a CDROM specific ioctl */
3185 ret = ioctl(fd, CDROM_DRIVE_STATUS, CDSL_CURRENT);
3195 static bool cdrom_is_inserted(BlockDriverState *bs)
3197 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3200 ret = ioctl(s->fd, CDROM_DRIVE_STATUS, CDSL_CURRENT);
3201 return ret == CDS_DISC_OK;
3204 static void cdrom_eject(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag)
3206 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3209 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDROMEJECT, NULL) < 0)
3210 perror("CDROMEJECT");
3212 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDROMCLOSETRAY, NULL) < 0)
3213 perror("CDROMEJECT");
3217 static void cdrom_lock_medium(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked)
3219 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3221 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDROM_LOCKDOOR, locked) < 0) {
3223 * Note: an error can happen if the distribution automatically
3226 /* perror("CDROM_LOCKDOOR"); */
3230 static BlockDriver bdrv_host_cdrom = {
3231 .format_name = "host_cdrom",
3232 .protocol_name = "host_cdrom",
3233 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
3234 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
3235 .bdrv_probe_device = cdrom_probe_device,
3236 .bdrv_parse_filename = cdrom_parse_filename,
3237 .bdrv_file_open = cdrom_open,
3238 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
3239 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
3240 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
3241 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
3242 .bdrv_co_create_opts = hdev_co_create_opts,
3243 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
3244 .bdrv_co_invalidate_cache = raw_co_invalidate_cache,
3247 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
3248 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
3249 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = raw_co_flush_to_disk,
3250 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
3251 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
3252 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
3254 .bdrv_co_truncate = raw_co_truncate,
3255 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
3256 .has_variable_length = true,
3257 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
3258 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
3260 /* removable device support */
3261 .bdrv_is_inserted = cdrom_is_inserted,
3262 .bdrv_eject = cdrom_eject,
3263 .bdrv_lock_medium = cdrom_lock_medium,
3265 /* generic scsi device */
3266 .bdrv_aio_ioctl = hdev_aio_ioctl,
3268 #endif /* __linux__ */
3270 #if defined (__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
3271 static int cdrom_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
3274 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3275 Error *local_err = NULL;
3280 ret = raw_open_common(bs, options, flags, 0, &local_err);
3282 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
3286 /* make sure the door isn't locked at this time */
3287 ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCALLOW);
3291 static int cdrom_probe_device(const char *filename)
3293 if (strstart(filename, "/dev/cd", NULL) ||
3294 strstart(filename, "/dev/acd", NULL))
3299 static int cdrom_reopen(BlockDriverState *bs)
3301 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3305 * Force reread of possibly changed/newly loaded disc,
3306 * FreeBSD seems to not notice sometimes...
3310 fd = qemu_open(bs->filename, s->open_flags, 0644);
3317 /* make sure the door isn't locked at this time */
3318 ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCALLOW);
3322 static bool cdrom_is_inserted(BlockDriverState *bs)
3324 return raw_getlength(bs) > 0;
3327 static void cdrom_eject(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag)
3329 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3334 (void) ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCALLOW);
3337 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCEJECT) < 0)
3338 perror("CDIOCEJECT");
3340 if (ioctl(s->fd, CDIOCCLOSE) < 0)
3341 perror("CDIOCCLOSE");
3347 static void cdrom_lock_medium(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked)
3349 BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
3353 if (ioctl(s->fd, (locked ? CDIOCPREVENT : CDIOCALLOW)) < 0) {
3355 * Note: an error can happen if the distribution automatically
3358 /* perror("CDROM_LOCKDOOR"); */
3362 static BlockDriver bdrv_host_cdrom = {
3363 .format_name = "host_cdrom",
3364 .protocol_name = "host_cdrom",
3365 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
3366 .bdrv_needs_filename = true,
3367 .bdrv_probe_device = cdrom_probe_device,
3368 .bdrv_parse_filename = cdrom_parse_filename,
3369 .bdrv_file_open = cdrom_open,
3370 .bdrv_close = raw_close,
3371 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = raw_reopen_prepare,
3372 .bdrv_reopen_commit = raw_reopen_commit,
3373 .bdrv_reopen_abort = raw_reopen_abort,
3374 .bdrv_co_create_opts = hdev_co_create_opts,
3375 .create_opts = &raw_create_opts,
3377 .bdrv_co_preadv = raw_co_preadv,
3378 .bdrv_co_pwritev = raw_co_pwritev,
3379 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = raw_co_flush_to_disk,
3380 .bdrv_refresh_limits = raw_refresh_limits,
3381 .bdrv_io_plug = raw_aio_plug,
3382 .bdrv_io_unplug = raw_aio_unplug,
3384 .bdrv_co_truncate = raw_co_truncate,
3385 .bdrv_getlength = raw_getlength,
3386 .has_variable_length = true,
3387 .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size
3388 = raw_get_allocated_file_size,
3390 /* removable device support */
3391 .bdrv_is_inserted = cdrom_is_inserted,
3392 .bdrv_eject = cdrom_eject,
3393 .bdrv_lock_medium = cdrom_lock_medium,
3395 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
3397 static void bdrv_file_init(void)
3400 * Register all the drivers. Note that order is important, the driver
3401 * registered last will get probed first.
3403 bdrv_register(&bdrv_file);
3404 bdrv_register(&bdrv_host_device);
3406 bdrv_register(&bdrv_host_cdrom);
3408 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
3409 bdrv_register(&bdrv_host_cdrom);
3413 block_init(bdrv_file_init);