2 * Simple C functions to supplement the C library
4 * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu-common.h"
25 #include "qemu/host-utils.h"
30 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
34 void strpadcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *str, char pad)
36 int len = qemu_strnlen(str, buf_size);
37 memcpy(buf, str, len);
38 memset(buf + len, pad, buf_size - len);
41 void pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *str)
51 if (c == 0 || q >= buf + buf_size - 1)
58 /* strcat and truncate. */
59 char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
64 pstrcpy(buf + len, buf_size - len, s);
68 int strstart(const char *str, const char *val, const char **ptr)
84 int stristart(const char *str, const char *val, const char **ptr)
90 if (qemu_toupper(*p) != qemu_toupper(*q))
100 /* XXX: use host strnlen if available ? */
101 int qemu_strnlen(const char *s, int max_len)
105 for(i = 0; i < max_len; i++) {
113 char *qemu_strsep(char **input, const char *delim)
115 char *result = *input;
116 if (result != NULL) {
119 for (p = result; *p != '\0'; p++) {
120 if (strchr(delim, *p)) {
134 time_t mktimegm(struct tm *tm)
137 int y = tm->tm_year + 1900, m = tm->tm_mon + 1, d = tm->tm_mday;
142 t = 86400ULL * (d + (153 * m - 457) / 5 + 365 * y + y / 4 - y / 100 +
144 t += 3600 * tm->tm_hour + 60 * tm->tm_min + tm->tm_sec;
150 return 32 - clz32(i);
154 * Make sure data goes on disk, but if possible do not bother to
155 * write out the inode just for timestamp updates.
157 * Unfortunately even in 2009 many operating systems do not support
158 * fdatasync and have to fall back to fsync.
160 int qemu_fdatasync(int fd)
162 #ifdef CONFIG_FDATASYNC
163 return fdatasync(fd);
170 * Searches for an area with non-zero content in a buffer
172 * Attention! The len must be a multiple of
173 * BUFFER_FIND_NONZERO_OFFSET_UNROLL_FACTOR * sizeof(VECTYPE)
174 * and addr must be a multiple of sizeof(VECTYPE) due to
175 * restriction of optimizations in this function.
177 * can_use_buffer_find_nonzero_offset() can be used to check
178 * these requirements.
180 * The return value is the offset of the non-zero area rounded
181 * down to a multiple of sizeof(VECTYPE) for the first
182 * BUFFER_FIND_NONZERO_OFFSET_UNROLL_FACTOR chunks and down to
183 * BUFFER_FIND_NONZERO_OFFSET_UNROLL_FACTOR * sizeof(VECTYPE)
186 * If the buffer is all zero the return value is equal to len.
189 size_t buffer_find_nonzero_offset(const void *buf, size_t len)
191 const VECTYPE *p = buf;
192 const VECTYPE zero = (VECTYPE){0};
195 assert(can_use_buffer_find_nonzero_offset(buf, len));
201 for (i = 0; i < BUFFER_FIND_NONZERO_OFFSET_UNROLL_FACTOR; i++) {
202 if (!ALL_EQ(p[i], zero)) {
203 return i * sizeof(VECTYPE);
207 for (i = BUFFER_FIND_NONZERO_OFFSET_UNROLL_FACTOR;
208 i < len / sizeof(VECTYPE);
209 i += BUFFER_FIND_NONZERO_OFFSET_UNROLL_FACTOR) {
210 VECTYPE tmp0 = VEC_OR(p[i + 0], p[i + 1]);
211 VECTYPE tmp1 = VEC_OR(p[i + 2], p[i + 3]);
212 VECTYPE tmp2 = VEC_OR(p[i + 4], p[i + 5]);
213 VECTYPE tmp3 = VEC_OR(p[i + 6], p[i + 7]);
214 VECTYPE tmp01 = VEC_OR(tmp0, tmp1);
215 VECTYPE tmp23 = VEC_OR(tmp2, tmp3);
216 if (!ALL_EQ(VEC_OR(tmp01, tmp23), zero)) {
221 return i * sizeof(VECTYPE);
225 * Checks if a buffer is all zeroes
227 * Attention! The len must be a multiple of 4 * sizeof(long) due to
228 * restriction of optimizations in this function.
230 bool buffer_is_zero(const void *buf, size_t len)
233 * Use long as the biggest available internal data type that fits into the
234 * CPU register and unroll the loop to smooth out the effect of memory
240 const long * const data = buf;
242 /* use vector optimized zero check if possible */
243 if (can_use_buffer_find_nonzero_offset(buf, len)) {
244 return buffer_find_nonzero_offset(buf, len) == len;
247 assert(len % (4 * sizeof(long)) == 0);
250 for (i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
256 if (d0 || d1 || d2 || d3) {
265 /* Sets a specific flag */
266 int fcntl_setfl(int fd, int flag)
270 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
274 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | flag) == -1)
281 static int64_t suffix_mul(char suffix, int64_t unit)
283 switch (qemu_toupper(suffix)) {
284 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B:
286 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_KB:
288 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_MB:
290 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_GB:
291 return unit * unit * unit;
292 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_TB:
293 return unit * unit * unit * unit;
294 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_PB:
295 return unit * unit * unit * unit * unit;
296 case STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_EB:
297 return unit * unit * unit * unit * unit * unit;
303 * Convert string to bytes, allowing either B/b for bytes, K/k for KB,
304 * M/m for MB, G/g for GB or T/t for TB. End pointer will be returned
305 * in *end, if not NULL. Return -ERANGE on overflow, Return -EINVAL on
308 int64_t strtosz_suffix_unit(const char *nptr, char **end,
309 const char default_suffix, int64_t unit)
311 int64_t retval = -EINVAL;
314 int mul_required = 0;
315 double val, mul, integral, fraction;
318 val = strtod(nptr, &endptr);
319 if (isnan(val) || endptr == nptr || errno != 0) {
322 fraction = modf(val, &integral);
327 mul = suffix_mul(c, unit);
331 mul = suffix_mul(default_suffix, unit);
334 if (mul == 1 && mul_required) {
337 if ((val * mul >= INT64_MAX) || val < 0) {
351 int64_t strtosz_suffix(const char *nptr, char **end, const char default_suffix)
353 return strtosz_suffix_unit(nptr, end, default_suffix, 1024);
356 int64_t strtosz(const char *nptr, char **end)
358 return strtosz_suffix(nptr, end, STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_MB);
362 * Helper function for qemu_strto*l() functions.
364 static int check_strtox_error(const char **next, char *endptr,
367 if (!next && *endptr) {
377 * QEMU wrappers for strtol(), strtoll(), strtoul(), strotull() C functions.
379 * Convert ASCII string @nptr to a long integer value
380 * from the given @base. Parameters @nptr, @endptr, @base
381 * follows same semantics as strtol() C function.
383 * Unlike from strtol() function, if @endptr is not NULL, this
384 * function will return -EINVAL whenever it cannot fully convert
385 * the string in @nptr with given @base to a long. This function returns
386 * the result of the conversion only through the @result parameter.
388 * If NULL is passed in @endptr, then the whole string in @ntpr
389 * is a number otherwise it returns -EINVAL.
392 * Unlike from strtol() function, this wrapper returns either
393 * -EINVAL or the errno set by strtol() function (e.g -ERANGE).
394 * If the conversion overflows, -ERANGE is returned, and @result
395 * is set to the max value of the desired type
396 * (e.g. LONG_MAX, LLONG_MAX, ULONG_MAX, ULLONG_MAX). If the case
397 * of underflow, -ERANGE is returned, and @result is set to the min
398 * value of the desired type. For strtol(), strtoll(), @result is set to
399 * LONG_MIN, LLONG_MIN, respectively, and for strtoul(), strtoull() it
402 int qemu_strtol(const char *nptr, const char **endptr, int base,
414 *result = strtol(nptr, &p, base);
415 err = check_strtox_error(endptr, p, errno);
421 * Converts ASCII string to an unsigned long integer.
423 * If string contains a negative number, value will be converted to
424 * the unsigned representation of the signed value, unless the original
425 * (nonnegated) value would overflow, in this case, it will set @result
426 * to ULONG_MAX, and return ERANGE.
428 * The same behavior holds, for qemu_strtoull() but sets @result to
429 * ULLONG_MAX instead of ULONG_MAX.
431 * See qemu_strtol() documentation for more info.
433 int qemu_strtoul(const char *nptr, const char **endptr, int base,
434 unsigned long *result)
445 *result = strtoul(nptr, &p, base);
446 err = check_strtox_error(endptr, p, errno);
452 * Converts ASCII string to a long long integer.
454 * See qemu_strtol() documentation for more info.
456 int qemu_strtoll(const char *nptr, const char **endptr, int base,
468 *result = strtoll(nptr, &p, base);
469 err = check_strtox_error(endptr, p, errno);
475 * Converts ASCII string to an unsigned long long integer.
477 * See qemu_strtol() documentation for more info.
479 int qemu_strtoull(const char *nptr, const char **endptr, int base,
491 *result = strtoull(nptr, &p, base);
492 err = check_strtox_error(endptr, p, errno);
500 * @s: String to parse
501 * @value: Destination for parsed integer value
502 * @endptr: Destination for pointer to first character not consumed
503 * @base: integer base, between 2 and 36 inclusive, or 0
505 * Parse unsigned integer
507 * Parsed syntax is like strtoull()'s: arbitrary whitespace, a single optional
508 * '+' or '-', an optional "0x" if @base is 0 or 16, one or more digits.
510 * If @s is null, or @base is invalid, or @s doesn't start with an
511 * integer in the syntax above, set *@value to 0, *@endptr to @s, and
514 * Set *@endptr to point right beyond the parsed integer (even if the integer
515 * overflows or is negative, all digits will be parsed and *@endptr will
516 * point right beyond them).
518 * If the integer is negative, set *@value to 0, and return -ERANGE.
520 * If the integer overflows unsigned long long, set *@value to
521 * ULLONG_MAX, and return -ERANGE.
523 * Else, set *@value to the parsed integer, and return 0.
525 int parse_uint(const char *s, unsigned long long *value, char **endptr,
529 char *endp = (char *)s;
530 unsigned long long val = 0;
538 val = strtoull(s, &endp, base);
549 /* make sure we reject negative numbers: */
550 while (isspace((unsigned char)*s)) {
568 * @s: String to parse
569 * @value: Destination for parsed integer value
570 * @base: integer base, between 2 and 36 inclusive, or 0
572 * Parse unsigned integer from entire string
574 * Have the same behavior of parse_uint(), but with an additional check
575 * for additional data after the parsed number. If extra characters are present
576 * after the parsed number, the function will return -EINVAL, and *@v will
579 int parse_uint_full(const char *s, unsigned long long *value, int base)
584 r = parse_uint(s, value, &endp, base);
596 int qemu_parse_fd(const char *param)
602 fd = strtol(param, &endptr, 10);
603 if (param == endptr /* no conversion performed */ ||
604 errno != 0 /* not representable as long; possibly others */ ||
605 *endptr != '\0' /* final string not empty */ ||
606 fd < 0 /* invalid as file descriptor */ ||
607 fd > INT_MAX /* not representable as int */) {
613 /* round down to the nearest power of 2*/
614 int64_t pow2floor(int64_t value)
616 if (!is_power_of_2(value)) {
617 value = 0x8000000000000000ULL >> clz64(value);
622 /* round up to the nearest power of 2 (0 if overflow) */
623 uint64_t pow2ceil(uint64_t value)
625 uint8_t nlz = clz64(value);
627 if (is_power_of_2(value)) {
633 return 1ULL << (64 - nlz);
637 * Implementation of ULEB128 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEB128)
638 * Input is limited to 14-bit numbers
640 int uleb128_encode_small(uint8_t *out, uint32_t n)
642 g_assert(n <= 0x3fff);
647 *out++ = (n & 0x7f) | 0x80;
653 int uleb128_decode_small(const uint8_t *in, uint32_t *n)
660 /* we exceed 14 bit number */
670 * helper to parse debug environment variables
672 int parse_debug_env(const char *name, int max, int initial)
674 char *debug_env = getenv(name);
682 debug = strtol(debug_env, &inv, 10);
683 if (inv == debug_env) {
686 if (debug < 0 || debug > max || errno != 0) {
687 fprintf(stderr, "warning: %s not in [0, %d]", name, max);
694 * Helper to print ethernet mac address
696 const char *qemu_ether_ntoa(const MACAddr *mac)
700 snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
701 mac->a[0], mac->a[1], mac->a[2], mac->a[3], mac->a[4], mac->a[5]);