4 * Copyright (c) 2006-2007 CodeSourcery.
5 * Written by Paul Brook
7 * This code is licensed under the GPL.
12 #include "hw/arm/arm.h"
13 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
14 #include "hw/boards.h"
15 #include "hw/loader.h"
17 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
18 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
20 #define KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR 0x100
21 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00010000
23 /* The worlds second smallest bootloader. Set r0-r2, then jump to kernel. */
24 static uint32_t bootloader[] = {
25 0xe3a00000, /* mov r0, #0 */
26 0xe59f1004, /* ldr r1, [pc, #4] */
27 0xe59f2004, /* ldr r2, [pc, #4] */
28 0xe59ff004, /* ldr pc, [pc, #4] */
30 0, /* Address of kernel args. Set by integratorcp_init. */
31 0 /* Kernel entry point. Set by integratorcp_init. */
34 /* Handling for secondary CPU boot in a multicore system.
35 * Unlike the uniprocessor/primary CPU boot, this is platform
36 * dependent. The default code here is based on the secondary
37 * CPU boot protocol used on realview/vexpress boards, with
38 * some parameterisation to increase its flexibility.
39 * QEMU platform models for which this code is not appropriate
40 * should override write_secondary_boot and secondary_cpu_reset_hook
43 * This code enables the interrupt controllers for the secondary
44 * CPUs and then puts all the secondary CPUs into a loop waiting
45 * for an interprocessor interrupt and polling a configurable
46 * location for the kernel secondary CPU entry point.
48 #define DSB_INSN 0xf57ff04f
49 #define CP15_DSB_INSN 0xee070f9a /* mcr cp15, 0, r0, c7, c10, 4 */
51 static uint32_t smpboot[] = {
52 0xe59f2028, /* ldr r2, gic_cpu_if */
53 0xe59f0028, /* ldr r0, startaddr */
54 0xe3a01001, /* mov r1, #1 */
55 0xe5821000, /* str r1, [r2] - set GICC_CTLR.Enable */
56 0xe3a010ff, /* mov r1, #0xff */
57 0xe5821004, /* str r1, [r2, 4] - set GIC_PMR.Priority to 0xff */
60 0xe5901000, /* ldr r1, [r0] */
61 0xe1110001, /* tst r1, r1 */
62 0x0afffffb, /* beq <wfi> */
63 0xe12fff11, /* bx r1 */
64 0, /* gic_cpu_if: base address of GIC CPU interface */
65 0 /* bootreg: Boot register address is held here */
68 static void default_write_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu,
69 const struct arm_boot_info *info)
72 smpboot[ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot) - 1] = info->smp_bootreg_addr;
73 smpboot[ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot) - 2] = info->gic_cpu_if_addr;
74 for (n = 0; n < ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot); n++) {
75 /* Replace DSB with the pre-v7 DSB if necessary. */
76 if (!arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_V7) &&
77 smpboot[n] == DSB_INSN) {
78 smpboot[n] = CP15_DSB_INSN;
80 smpboot[n] = tswap32(smpboot[n]);
82 rom_add_blob_fixed("smpboot", smpboot, sizeof(smpboot),
83 info->smp_loader_start);
86 static void default_reset_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu,
87 const struct arm_boot_info *info)
89 CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
91 stl_phys_notdirty(info->smp_bootreg_addr, 0);
92 env->regs[15] = info->smp_loader_start;
95 #define WRITE_WORD(p, value) do { \
96 stl_phys_notdirty(p, value); \
100 static void set_kernel_args(const struct arm_boot_info *info)
102 int initrd_size = info->initrd_size;
103 hwaddr base = info->loader_start;
106 p = base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
109 WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410001);
111 WRITE_WORD(p, 0x1000);
114 /* TODO: handle multiple chips on one ATAG list */
116 WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410002);
117 WRITE_WORD(p, info->ram_size);
118 WRITE_WORD(p, info->loader_start);
122 WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54420005);
123 WRITE_WORD(p, info->initrd_start);
124 WRITE_WORD(p, initrd_size);
126 if (info->kernel_cmdline && *info->kernel_cmdline) {
130 cmdline_size = strlen(info->kernel_cmdline);
131 cpu_physical_memory_write(p + 8, info->kernel_cmdline,
133 cmdline_size = (cmdline_size >> 2) + 1;
134 WRITE_WORD(p, cmdline_size + 2);
135 WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410009);
136 p += cmdline_size * 4;
138 if (info->atag_board) {
141 uint8_t atag_board_buf[0x1000];
143 atag_board_len = (info->atag_board(info, atag_board_buf) + 3) & ~3;
144 WRITE_WORD(p, (atag_board_len + 8) >> 2);
145 WRITE_WORD(p, 0x414f4d50);
146 cpu_physical_memory_write(p, atag_board_buf, atag_board_len);
154 static void set_kernel_args_old(const struct arm_boot_info *info)
158 int initrd_size = info->initrd_size;
159 hwaddr base = info->loader_start;
161 /* see linux/include/asm-arm/setup.h */
162 p = base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
166 WRITE_WORD(p, info->ram_size / 4096);
169 #define FLAG_READONLY 1
170 #define FLAG_RDLOAD 4
171 #define FLAG_RDPROMPT 8
173 WRITE_WORD(p, FLAG_READONLY | FLAG_RDLOAD | FLAG_RDPROMPT);
175 WRITE_WORD(p, (31 << 8) | 0); /* /dev/mtdblock0 */
184 /* memc_control_reg */
186 /* unsigned char sounddefault */
187 /* unsigned char adfsdrives */
188 /* unsigned char bytes_per_char_h */
189 /* unsigned char bytes_per_char_v */
191 /* pages_in_bank[4] */
200 WRITE_WORD(p, info->initrd_start);
205 WRITE_WORD(p, initrd_size);
210 /* system_serial_low */
212 /* system_serial_high */
216 /* zero unused fields */
217 while (p < base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR + 256 + 1024) {
220 s = info->kernel_cmdline;
222 cpu_physical_memory_write(p, s, strlen(s) + 1);
228 static int load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo)
230 uint32_t *mem_reg_property;
231 uint32_t mem_reg_propsize;
235 uint32_t acells, scells, hival;
237 filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, binfo->dtb_filename);
239 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open dtb file %s\n", binfo->dtb_filename);
243 fdt = load_device_tree(filename, &size);
245 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open dtb file %s\n", filename);
251 acells = qemu_devtree_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells");
252 scells = qemu_devtree_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells");
253 if (acells == 0 || scells == 0) {
254 fprintf(stderr, "dtb file invalid (#address-cells or #size-cells 0)\n");
258 mem_reg_propsize = acells + scells;
259 mem_reg_property = g_new0(uint32_t, mem_reg_propsize);
260 mem_reg_property[acells - 1] = cpu_to_be32(binfo->loader_start);
261 hival = cpu_to_be32(binfo->loader_start >> 32);
263 mem_reg_property[acells - 2] = hival;
264 } else if (hival != 0) {
265 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: dtb file not compatible with "
266 "RAM start address > 4GB\n");
269 mem_reg_property[acells + scells - 1] = cpu_to_be32(binfo->ram_size);
270 hival = cpu_to_be32(binfo->ram_size >> 32);
272 mem_reg_property[acells + scells - 2] = hival;
273 } else if (hival != 0) {
274 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: dtb file not compatible with "
279 rc = qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/memory", "reg", mem_reg_property,
280 mem_reg_propsize * sizeof(uint32_t));
282 fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /memory/reg\n");
285 if (binfo->kernel_cmdline && *binfo->kernel_cmdline) {
286 rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
287 binfo->kernel_cmdline);
289 fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
293 if (binfo->initrd_size) {
294 rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
295 binfo->initrd_start);
297 fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-start\n");
300 rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
301 binfo->initrd_start + binfo->initrd_size);
303 fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-end\n");
307 cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, fdt, size);
312 static void do_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
314 ARMCPU *cpu = opaque;
315 CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
316 const struct arm_boot_info *info = env->boot_info;
320 if (!info->is_linux) {
321 /* Jump to the entry point. */
322 env->regs[15] = info->entry & 0xfffffffe;
323 env->thumb = info->entry & 1;
325 if (env == first_cpu) {
326 env->regs[15] = info->loader_start;
327 if (!info->dtb_filename) {
329 set_kernel_args_old(info);
331 set_kernel_args(info);
335 info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook(cpu, info);
341 void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
343 CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
351 QemuOpts *machine_opts;
353 /* Load the kernel. */
354 if (!info->kernel_filename) {
355 fprintf(stderr, "Kernel image must be specified\n");
359 machine_opts = qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts("machine"), 0);
361 info->dtb_filename = qemu_opt_get(machine_opts, "dtb");
363 info->dtb_filename = NULL;
366 if (!info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook) {
367 info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook = default_reset_secondary;
369 if (!info->write_secondary_boot) {
370 info->write_secondary_boot = default_write_secondary;
373 if (info->nb_cpus == 0)
376 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
382 /* We want to put the initrd far enough into RAM that when the
383 * kernel is uncompressed it will not clobber the initrd. However
384 * on boards without much RAM we must ensure that we still leave
385 * enough room for a decent sized initrd, and on boards with large
386 * amounts of RAM we must avoid the initrd being so far up in RAM
387 * that it is outside lowmem and inaccessible to the kernel.
388 * So for boards with less than 256MB of RAM we put the initrd
389 * halfway into RAM, and for boards with 256MB of RAM or more we put
390 * the initrd at 128MB.
392 info->initrd_start = info->loader_start +
393 MIN(info->ram_size / 2, 128 * 1024 * 1024);
395 /* Assume that raw images are linux kernels, and ELF images are not. */
396 kernel_size = load_elf(info->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, &elf_entry,
397 NULL, NULL, big_endian, ELF_MACHINE, 1);
399 if (kernel_size < 0) {
400 kernel_size = load_uimage(info->kernel_filename, &entry, NULL,
403 if (kernel_size < 0) {
404 entry = info->loader_start + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
405 kernel_size = load_image_targphys(info->kernel_filename, entry,
406 info->ram_size - KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR);
409 if (kernel_size < 0) {
410 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
411 info->kernel_filename);
416 if (info->initrd_filename) {
417 initrd_size = load_image_targphys(info->initrd_filename,
421 if (initrd_size < 0) {
422 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initrd '%s'\n",
423 info->initrd_filename);
429 info->initrd_size = initrd_size;
431 bootloader[4] = info->board_id;
433 /* for device tree boot, we pass the DTB directly in r2. Otherwise
434 * we point to the kernel args.
436 if (info->dtb_filename) {
437 /* Place the DTB after the initrd in memory. Note that some
438 * kernels will trash anything in the 4K page the initrd
439 * ends in, so make sure the DTB isn't caught up in that.
441 hwaddr dtb_start = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(info->initrd_start + initrd_size,
443 if (load_dtb(dtb_start, info)) {
446 bootloader[5] = dtb_start;
448 bootloader[5] = info->loader_start + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
449 if (info->ram_size >= (1ULL << 32)) {
450 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: RAM size must be less than 4GB to boot"
451 " Linux kernel using ATAGS (try passing a device tree"
456 bootloader[6] = entry;
457 for (n = 0; n < sizeof(bootloader) / 4; n++) {
458 bootloader[n] = tswap32(bootloader[n]);
460 rom_add_blob_fixed("bootloader", bootloader, sizeof(bootloader),
462 if (info->nb_cpus > 1) {
463 info->write_secondary_boot(cpu, info);
466 info->is_linux = is_linux;
468 for (; env; env = env->next_cpu) {
469 cpu = arm_env_get_cpu(env);
470 env->boot_info = info;
471 qemu_register_reset(do_cpu_reset, cpu);