2 * NVMe block driver based on vfio
4 * Copyright 2016 - 2018 Red Hat, Inc.
10 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
11 * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
14 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
15 #include <linux/vfio.h>
16 #include "qapi/error.h"
17 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
18 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
19 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
20 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
21 #include "qemu/module.h"
22 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
23 #include "qemu/option.h"
24 #include "qemu/vfio-helpers.h"
25 #include "block/block_int.h"
26 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
29 #include "block/nvme.h"
31 #define NVME_SQ_ENTRY_BYTES 64
32 #define NVME_CQ_ENTRY_BYTES 16
33 #define NVME_QUEUE_SIZE 128
34 #define NVME_DOORBELL_SIZE 4096
37 * We have to leave one slot empty as that is the full queue case where
40 #define NVME_NUM_REQS (NVME_QUEUE_SIZE - 1)
42 typedef struct BDRVNVMeState BDRVNVMeState;
44 /* Same index is used for queues and IRQs */
46 #define INDEX_IO(n) (1 + n)
48 /* This driver shares a single MSIX IRQ for the admin and I/O queues */
50 MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX = 0,
58 /* Hardware MMIO register */
59 volatile uint32_t *doorbell;
63 BlockCompletionFunc *cb;
67 uint64_t prp_list_iova;
68 int free_req_next; /* q->reqs[] index of next free req */
74 /* Read from I/O code path, initialized under BQL */
78 /* Fields protected by BQL */
79 uint8_t *prp_list_pages;
81 /* Fields protected by @lock */
82 CoQueue free_req_queue;
86 NVMeRequest reqs[NVME_NUM_REQS];
90 /* Thread-safe, no lock necessary */
91 QEMUBH *completion_bh;
94 struct BDRVNVMeState {
95 AioContext *aio_context;
98 /* Memory mapped registers */
103 /* The submission/completion queue pairs.
107 NVMeQueuePair **queues;
108 unsigned queue_count;
110 /* How many uint32_t elements does each doorbell entry take. */
111 size_t doorbell_scale;
112 bool write_cache_supported;
113 EventNotifier irq_notifier[MSIX_IRQ_COUNT];
115 uint64_t nsze; /* Namespace size reported by identify command */
116 int nsid; /* The namespace id to read/write data. */
119 uint64_t max_transfer;
122 bool supports_write_zeroes;
123 bool supports_discard;
125 CoMutex dma_map_lock;
126 CoQueue dma_flush_queue;
128 /* Total size of mapped qiov, accessed under dma_map_lock */
131 /* PCI address (required for nvme_refresh_filename()) */
135 uint64_t completion_errors;
136 uint64_t aligned_accesses;
137 uint64_t unaligned_accesses;
141 #define NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE "device"
142 #define NVME_BLOCK_OPT_NAMESPACE "namespace"
144 static void nvme_process_completion_bh(void *opaque);
146 static QemuOptsList runtime_opts = {
148 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(runtime_opts.head),
151 .name = NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE,
152 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
153 .help = "NVMe PCI device address",
156 .name = NVME_BLOCK_OPT_NAMESPACE,
157 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
158 .help = "NVMe namespace",
160 { /* end of list */ }
164 /* Returns true on success, false on failure. */
165 static bool nvme_init_queue(BDRVNVMeState *s, NVMeQueue *q,
166 unsigned nentries, size_t entry_bytes, Error **errp)
171 bytes = ROUND_UP(nentries * entry_bytes, qemu_real_host_page_size);
172 q->head = q->tail = 0;
173 q->queue = qemu_try_memalign(qemu_real_host_page_size, bytes);
175 error_setg(errp, "Cannot allocate queue");
178 memset(q->queue, 0, bytes);
179 r = qemu_vfio_dma_map(s->vfio, q->queue, bytes, false, &q->iova);
181 error_setg(errp, "Cannot map queue");
187 static void nvme_free_queue_pair(NVMeQueuePair *q)
189 trace_nvme_free_queue_pair(q->index, q);
190 if (q->completion_bh) {
191 qemu_bh_delete(q->completion_bh);
193 qemu_vfree(q->prp_list_pages);
194 qemu_vfree(q->sq.queue);
195 qemu_vfree(q->cq.queue);
196 qemu_mutex_destroy(&q->lock);
200 static void nvme_free_req_queue_cb(void *opaque)
202 NVMeQueuePair *q = opaque;
204 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
205 while (qemu_co_enter_next(&q->free_req_queue, &q->lock)) {
206 /* Retry all pending requests */
208 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
211 static NVMeQueuePair *nvme_create_queue_pair(BDRVNVMeState *s,
212 AioContext *aio_context,
213 unsigned idx, size_t size,
218 uint64_t prp_list_iova;
221 q = g_try_new0(NVMeQueuePair, 1);
225 trace_nvme_create_queue_pair(idx, q, size, aio_context,
226 event_notifier_get_fd(s->irq_notifier));
227 bytes = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(s->page_size * NVME_NUM_REQS,
228 qemu_real_host_page_size);
229 q->prp_list_pages = qemu_try_memalign(qemu_real_host_page_size, bytes);
230 if (!q->prp_list_pages) {
233 memset(q->prp_list_pages, 0, bytes);
234 qemu_mutex_init(&q->lock);
237 qemu_co_queue_init(&q->free_req_queue);
238 q->completion_bh = aio_bh_new(aio_context, nvme_process_completion_bh, q);
239 r = qemu_vfio_dma_map(s->vfio, q->prp_list_pages, bytes,
240 false, &prp_list_iova);
244 q->free_req_head = -1;
245 for (i = 0; i < NVME_NUM_REQS; i++) {
246 NVMeRequest *req = &q->reqs[i];
248 req->free_req_next = q->free_req_head;
249 q->free_req_head = i;
250 req->prp_list_page = q->prp_list_pages + i * s->page_size;
251 req->prp_list_iova = prp_list_iova + i * s->page_size;
254 if (!nvme_init_queue(s, &q->sq, size, NVME_SQ_ENTRY_BYTES, errp)) {
257 q->sq.doorbell = &s->doorbells[idx * s->doorbell_scale].sq_tail;
259 if (!nvme_init_queue(s, &q->cq, size, NVME_CQ_ENTRY_BYTES, errp)) {
262 q->cq.doorbell = &s->doorbells[idx * s->doorbell_scale].cq_head;
266 nvme_free_queue_pair(q);
271 static void nvme_kick(NVMeQueuePair *q)
273 BDRVNVMeState *s = q->s;
275 if (s->plugged || !q->need_kick) {
278 trace_nvme_kick(s, q->index);
279 assert(!(q->sq.tail & 0xFF00));
280 /* Fence the write to submission queue entry before notifying the device. */
282 *q->sq.doorbell = cpu_to_le32(q->sq.tail);
283 q->inflight += q->need_kick;
287 /* Find a free request element if any, otherwise:
288 * a) if in coroutine context, try to wait for one to become available;
289 * b) if not in coroutine, return NULL;
291 static NVMeRequest *nvme_get_free_req(NVMeQueuePair *q)
295 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
297 while (q->free_req_head == -1) {
298 if (qemu_in_coroutine()) {
299 trace_nvme_free_req_queue_wait(q->s, q->index);
300 qemu_co_queue_wait(&q->free_req_queue, &q->lock);
302 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
307 req = &q->reqs[q->free_req_head];
308 q->free_req_head = req->free_req_next;
309 req->free_req_next = -1;
311 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
316 static void nvme_put_free_req_locked(NVMeQueuePair *q, NVMeRequest *req)
318 req->free_req_next = q->free_req_head;
319 q->free_req_head = req - q->reqs;
323 static void nvme_wake_free_req_locked(NVMeQueuePair *q)
325 if (!qemu_co_queue_empty(&q->free_req_queue)) {
326 replay_bh_schedule_oneshot_event(q->s->aio_context,
327 nvme_free_req_queue_cb, q);
331 /* Insert a request in the freelist and wake waiters */
332 static void nvme_put_free_req_and_wake(NVMeQueuePair *q, NVMeRequest *req)
334 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
335 nvme_put_free_req_locked(q, req);
336 nvme_wake_free_req_locked(q);
337 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
340 static inline int nvme_translate_error(const NvmeCqe *c)
342 uint16_t status = (le16_to_cpu(c->status) >> 1) & 0xFF;
344 trace_nvme_error(le32_to_cpu(c->result),
345 le16_to_cpu(c->sq_head),
346 le16_to_cpu(c->sq_id),
348 le16_to_cpu(status));
363 static bool nvme_process_completion(NVMeQueuePair *q)
365 BDRVNVMeState *s = q->s;
366 bool progress = false;
371 trace_nvme_process_completion(s, q->index, q->inflight);
373 trace_nvme_process_completion_queue_plugged(s, q->index);
378 * Support re-entrancy when a request cb() function invokes aio_poll().
379 * Pending completions must be visible to aio_poll() so that a cb()
380 * function can wait for the completion of another request.
382 * The aio_poll() loop will execute our BH and we'll resume completion
385 qemu_bh_schedule(q->completion_bh);
387 assert(q->inflight >= 0);
388 while (q->inflight) {
392 c = (NvmeCqe *)&q->cq.queue[q->cq.head * NVME_CQ_ENTRY_BYTES];
393 if ((le16_to_cpu(c->status) & 0x1) == q->cq_phase) {
396 ret = nvme_translate_error(c);
398 s->stats.completion_errors++;
400 q->cq.head = (q->cq.head + 1) % NVME_QUEUE_SIZE;
402 q->cq_phase = !q->cq_phase;
404 cid = le16_to_cpu(c->cid);
405 if (cid == 0 || cid > NVME_QUEUE_SIZE) {
406 warn_report("NVMe: Unexpected CID in completion queue: %"PRIu32", "
407 "queue size: %u", cid, NVME_QUEUE_SIZE);
410 trace_nvme_complete_command(s, q->index, cid);
411 preq = &q->reqs[cid - 1];
413 assert(req.cid == cid);
415 nvme_put_free_req_locked(q, preq);
416 preq->cb = preq->opaque = NULL;
418 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
419 req.cb(req.opaque, ret);
420 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
424 /* Notify the device so it can post more completions. */
426 *q->cq.doorbell = cpu_to_le32(q->cq.head);
427 nvme_wake_free_req_locked(q);
430 qemu_bh_cancel(q->completion_bh);
435 static void nvme_process_completion_bh(void *opaque)
437 NVMeQueuePair *q = opaque;
440 * We're being invoked because a nvme_process_completion() cb() function
441 * called aio_poll(). The callback may be waiting for further completions
442 * so notify the device that it has space to fill in more completions now.
445 *q->cq.doorbell = cpu_to_le32(q->cq.head);
446 nvme_wake_free_req_locked(q);
448 nvme_process_completion(q);
451 static void nvme_trace_command(const NvmeCmd *cmd)
455 if (!trace_event_get_state_backends(TRACE_NVME_SUBMIT_COMMAND_RAW)) {
458 for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
459 uint8_t *cmdp = (uint8_t *)cmd + i * 8;
460 trace_nvme_submit_command_raw(cmdp[0], cmdp[1], cmdp[2], cmdp[3],
461 cmdp[4], cmdp[5], cmdp[6], cmdp[7]);
465 static void nvme_submit_command(NVMeQueuePair *q, NVMeRequest *req,
466 NvmeCmd *cmd, BlockCompletionFunc cb,
471 req->opaque = opaque;
472 cmd->cid = cpu_to_le16(req->cid);
474 trace_nvme_submit_command(q->s, q->index, req->cid);
475 nvme_trace_command(cmd);
476 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
477 memcpy((uint8_t *)q->sq.queue +
478 q->sq.tail * NVME_SQ_ENTRY_BYTES, cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
479 q->sq.tail = (q->sq.tail + 1) % NVME_QUEUE_SIZE;
482 nvme_process_completion(q);
483 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
486 static void nvme_admin_cmd_sync_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
493 static int nvme_admin_cmd_sync(BlockDriverState *bs, NvmeCmd *cmd)
495 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
496 NVMeQueuePair *q = s->queues[INDEX_ADMIN];
497 AioContext *aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
499 int ret = -EINPROGRESS;
500 req = nvme_get_free_req(q);
504 nvme_submit_command(q, req, cmd, nvme_admin_cmd_sync_cb, &ret);
506 AIO_WAIT_WHILE(aio_context, ret == -EINPROGRESS);
510 /* Returns true on success, false on failure. */
511 static bool nvme_identify(BlockDriverState *bs, int namespace, Error **errp)
513 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
524 .opcode = NVME_ADM_CMD_IDENTIFY,
525 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32(0x1),
527 size_t id_size = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(sizeof(*id), qemu_real_host_page_size);
529 id = qemu_try_memalign(qemu_real_host_page_size, id_size);
531 error_setg(errp, "Cannot allocate buffer for identify response");
534 r = qemu_vfio_dma_map(s->vfio, id, id_size, true, &iova);
536 error_setg(errp, "Cannot map buffer for DMA");
540 memset(id, 0, id_size);
541 cmd.dptr.prp1 = cpu_to_le64(iova);
542 if (nvme_admin_cmd_sync(bs, &cmd)) {
543 error_setg(errp, "Failed to identify controller");
547 if (le32_to_cpu(id->ctrl.nn) < namespace) {
548 error_setg(errp, "Invalid namespace");
551 s->write_cache_supported = le32_to_cpu(id->ctrl.vwc) & 0x1;
552 s->max_transfer = (id->ctrl.mdts ? 1 << id->ctrl.mdts : 0) * s->page_size;
553 /* For now the page list buffer per command is one page, to hold at most
554 * s->page_size / sizeof(uint64_t) entries. */
555 s->max_transfer = MIN_NON_ZERO(s->max_transfer,
556 s->page_size / sizeof(uint64_t) * s->page_size);
558 oncs = le16_to_cpu(id->ctrl.oncs);
559 s->supports_write_zeroes = !!(oncs & NVME_ONCS_WRITE_ZEROES);
560 s->supports_discard = !!(oncs & NVME_ONCS_DSM);
562 memset(id, 0, id_size);
564 cmd.nsid = cpu_to_le32(namespace);
565 if (nvme_admin_cmd_sync(bs, &cmd)) {
566 error_setg(errp, "Failed to identify namespace");
570 s->nsze = le64_to_cpu(id->ns.nsze);
571 lbaf = &id->ns.lbaf[NVME_ID_NS_FLBAS_INDEX(id->ns.flbas)];
573 if (NVME_ID_NS_DLFEAT_WRITE_ZEROES(id->ns.dlfeat) &&
574 NVME_ID_NS_DLFEAT_READ_BEHAVIOR(id->ns.dlfeat) ==
575 NVME_ID_NS_DLFEAT_READ_BEHAVIOR_ZEROES) {
576 bs->supported_write_flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
580 error_setg(errp, "Namespaces with metadata are not yet supported");
584 if (lbaf->ds < BDRV_SECTOR_BITS || lbaf->ds > 12 ||
585 (1 << lbaf->ds) > s->page_size)
587 error_setg(errp, "Namespace has unsupported block size (2^%d)",
593 s->blkshift = lbaf->ds;
595 qemu_vfio_dma_unmap(s->vfio, id);
601 static bool nvme_poll_queue(NVMeQueuePair *q)
603 bool progress = false;
605 const size_t cqe_offset = q->cq.head * NVME_CQ_ENTRY_BYTES;
606 NvmeCqe *cqe = (NvmeCqe *)&q->cq.queue[cqe_offset];
608 trace_nvme_poll_queue(q->s, q->index);
610 * Do an early check for completions. q->lock isn't needed because
611 * nvme_process_completion() only runs in the event loop thread and
612 * cannot race with itself.
614 if ((le16_to_cpu(cqe->status) & 0x1) == q->cq_phase) {
618 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
619 while (nvme_process_completion(q)) {
623 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
628 static bool nvme_poll_queues(BDRVNVMeState *s)
630 bool progress = false;
633 for (i = 0; i < s->queue_count; i++) {
634 if (nvme_poll_queue(s->queues[i])) {
641 static void nvme_handle_event(EventNotifier *n)
643 BDRVNVMeState *s = container_of(n, BDRVNVMeState,
644 irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX]);
646 trace_nvme_handle_event(s);
647 event_notifier_test_and_clear(n);
651 static bool nvme_add_io_queue(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
653 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
654 unsigned n = s->queue_count;
657 unsigned queue_size = NVME_QUEUE_SIZE;
659 assert(n <= UINT16_MAX);
660 q = nvme_create_queue_pair(s, bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
661 n, queue_size, errp);
666 .opcode = NVME_ADM_CMD_CREATE_CQ,
667 .dptr.prp1 = cpu_to_le64(q->cq.iova),
668 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32(((queue_size - 1) << 16) | n),
669 .cdw11 = cpu_to_le32(NVME_CQ_IEN | NVME_CQ_PC),
671 if (nvme_admin_cmd_sync(bs, &cmd)) {
672 error_setg(errp, "Failed to create CQ io queue [%u]", n);
676 .opcode = NVME_ADM_CMD_CREATE_SQ,
677 .dptr.prp1 = cpu_to_le64(q->sq.iova),
678 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32(((queue_size - 1) << 16) | n),
679 .cdw11 = cpu_to_le32(NVME_SQ_PC | (n << 16)),
681 if (nvme_admin_cmd_sync(bs, &cmd)) {
682 error_setg(errp, "Failed to create SQ io queue [%u]", n);
685 s->queues = g_renew(NVMeQueuePair *, s->queues, n + 1);
690 nvme_free_queue_pair(q);
694 static bool nvme_poll_cb(void *opaque)
696 EventNotifier *e = opaque;
697 BDRVNVMeState *s = container_of(e, BDRVNVMeState,
698 irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX]);
700 return nvme_poll_queues(s);
703 static int nvme_init(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *device, int namespace,
706 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
708 AioContext *aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
712 uint64_t deadline, now;
713 volatile NvmeBar *regs = NULL;
715 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->dma_map_lock);
716 qemu_co_queue_init(&s->dma_flush_queue);
717 s->device = g_strdup(device);
719 s->aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
720 ret = event_notifier_init(&s->irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX], 0);
722 error_setg(errp, "Failed to init event notifier");
726 s->vfio = qemu_vfio_open_pci(device, errp);
732 regs = qemu_vfio_pci_map_bar(s->vfio, 0, 0, sizeof(NvmeBar),
733 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, errp);
738 /* Perform initialize sequence as described in NVMe spec "7.6.1
739 * Initialization". */
741 cap = le64_to_cpu(regs->cap);
742 trace_nvme_controller_capability_raw(cap);
743 trace_nvme_controller_capability("Maximum Queue Entries Supported",
744 1 + NVME_CAP_MQES(cap));
745 trace_nvme_controller_capability("Contiguous Queues Required",
747 trace_nvme_controller_capability("Doorbell Stride",
748 2 << (2 + NVME_CAP_DSTRD(cap)));
749 trace_nvme_controller_capability("Subsystem Reset Supported",
750 NVME_CAP_NSSRS(cap));
751 trace_nvme_controller_capability("Memory Page Size Minimum",
752 1 << (12 + NVME_CAP_MPSMIN(cap)));
753 trace_nvme_controller_capability("Memory Page Size Maximum",
754 1 << (12 + NVME_CAP_MPSMAX(cap)));
755 if (!NVME_CAP_CSS(cap)) {
756 error_setg(errp, "Device doesn't support NVMe command set");
761 s->page_size = 1u << (12 + NVME_CAP_MPSMIN(cap));
762 s->doorbell_scale = (4 << NVME_CAP_DSTRD(cap)) / sizeof(uint32_t);
763 bs->bl.opt_mem_alignment = s->page_size;
764 bs->bl.request_alignment = s->page_size;
765 timeout_ms = MIN(500 * NVME_CAP_TO(cap), 30000);
767 /* Reset device to get a clean state. */
768 regs->cc = cpu_to_le32(le32_to_cpu(regs->cc) & 0xFE);
769 /* Wait for CSTS.RDY = 0. */
770 deadline = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) + timeout_ms * SCALE_MS;
771 while (NVME_CSTS_RDY(le32_to_cpu(regs->csts))) {
772 if (qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) > deadline) {
773 error_setg(errp, "Timeout while waiting for device to reset (%"
781 s->bar0_wo_map = qemu_vfio_pci_map_bar(s->vfio, 0, 0,
782 sizeof(NvmeBar) + NVME_DOORBELL_SIZE,
784 s->doorbells = (void *)((uintptr_t)s->bar0_wo_map + sizeof(NvmeBar));
790 /* Set up admin queue. */
791 s->queues = g_new(NVMeQueuePair *, 1);
792 q = nvme_create_queue_pair(s, aio_context, 0, NVME_QUEUE_SIZE, errp);
797 s->queues[INDEX_ADMIN] = q;
799 QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON((NVME_QUEUE_SIZE - 1) & 0xF000);
800 regs->aqa = cpu_to_le32(((NVME_QUEUE_SIZE - 1) << AQA_ACQS_SHIFT) |
801 ((NVME_QUEUE_SIZE - 1) << AQA_ASQS_SHIFT));
802 regs->asq = cpu_to_le64(q->sq.iova);
803 regs->acq = cpu_to_le64(q->cq.iova);
805 /* After setting up all control registers we can enable device now. */
806 regs->cc = cpu_to_le32((ctz32(NVME_CQ_ENTRY_BYTES) << CC_IOCQES_SHIFT) |
807 (ctz32(NVME_SQ_ENTRY_BYTES) << CC_IOSQES_SHIFT) |
809 /* Wait for CSTS.RDY = 1. */
810 now = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME);
811 deadline = now + timeout_ms * SCALE_MS;
812 while (!NVME_CSTS_RDY(le32_to_cpu(regs->csts))) {
813 if (qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) > deadline) {
814 error_setg(errp, "Timeout while waiting for device to start (%"
822 ret = qemu_vfio_pci_init_irq(s->vfio, s->irq_notifier,
823 VFIO_PCI_MSIX_IRQ_INDEX, errp);
827 aio_set_event_notifier(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
828 &s->irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX],
829 false, nvme_handle_event, nvme_poll_cb);
831 if (!nvme_identify(bs, namespace, errp)) {
836 /* Set up command queues. */
837 if (!nvme_add_io_queue(bs, errp)) {
842 qemu_vfio_pci_unmap_bar(s->vfio, 0, (void *)regs, 0, sizeof(NvmeBar));
845 /* Cleaning up is done in nvme_file_open() upon error. */
849 /* Parse a filename in the format of nvme://XXXX:XX:XX.X/X. Example:
851 * nvme://0000:44:00.0/1
853 * where the "nvme://" is a fixed form of the protocol prefix, the middle part
854 * is the PCI address, and the last part is the namespace number starting from
855 * 1 according to the NVMe spec. */
856 static void nvme_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
859 int pref = strlen("nvme://");
861 if (strlen(filename) > pref && !strncmp(filename, "nvme://", pref)) {
862 const char *tmp = filename + pref;
864 const char *namespace;
866 const char *slash = strchr(tmp, '/');
868 qdict_put_str(options, NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE, tmp);
871 device = g_strndup(tmp, slash - tmp);
872 qdict_put_str(options, NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE, device);
874 namespace = slash + 1;
875 if (*namespace && qemu_strtoul(namespace, NULL, 10, &ns)) {
876 error_setg(errp, "Invalid namespace '%s', positive number expected",
880 qdict_put_str(options, NVME_BLOCK_OPT_NAMESPACE,
881 *namespace ? namespace : "1");
885 static int nvme_enable_disable_write_cache(BlockDriverState *bs, bool enable,
889 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
891 .opcode = NVME_ADM_CMD_SET_FEATURES,
892 .nsid = cpu_to_le32(s->nsid),
893 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32(0x06),
894 .cdw11 = cpu_to_le32(enable ? 0x01 : 0x00),
897 ret = nvme_admin_cmd_sync(bs, &cmd);
899 error_setg(errp, "Failed to configure NVMe write cache");
904 static void nvme_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
906 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
908 for (unsigned i = 0; i < s->queue_count; ++i) {
909 nvme_free_queue_pair(s->queues[i]);
912 aio_set_event_notifier(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
913 &s->irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX],
915 event_notifier_cleanup(&s->irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX]);
916 qemu_vfio_pci_unmap_bar(s->vfio, 0, s->bar0_wo_map,
917 0, sizeof(NvmeBar) + NVME_DOORBELL_SIZE);
918 qemu_vfio_close(s->vfio);
923 static int nvme_file_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
930 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
932 bs->supported_write_flags = BDRV_REQ_FUA;
934 opts = qemu_opts_create(&runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
935 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &error_abort);
936 device = qemu_opt_get(opts, NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE);
938 error_setg(errp, "'" NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE "' option is required");
943 namespace = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, NVME_BLOCK_OPT_NAMESPACE, 1);
944 ret = nvme_init(bs, device, namespace, errp);
949 if (flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE) {
950 if (!s->write_cache_supported) {
952 "NVMe controller doesn't support write cache configuration");
955 ret = nvme_enable_disable_write_cache(bs, !(flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE),
968 static int64_t nvme_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
970 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
971 return s->nsze << s->blkshift;
974 static uint32_t nvme_get_blocksize(BlockDriverState *bs)
976 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
977 assert(s->blkshift >= BDRV_SECTOR_BITS && s->blkshift <= 12);
978 return UINT32_C(1) << s->blkshift;
981 static int nvme_probe_blocksizes(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockSizes *bsz)
983 uint32_t blocksize = nvme_get_blocksize(bs);
984 bsz->phys = blocksize;
985 bsz->log = blocksize;
989 /* Called with s->dma_map_lock */
990 static coroutine_fn int nvme_cmd_unmap_qiov(BlockDriverState *bs,
994 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
996 s->dma_map_count -= qiov->size;
997 if (!s->dma_map_count && !qemu_co_queue_empty(&s->dma_flush_queue)) {
998 r = qemu_vfio_dma_reset_temporary(s->vfio);
1000 qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&s->dma_flush_queue);
1006 /* Called with s->dma_map_lock */
1007 static coroutine_fn int nvme_cmd_map_qiov(BlockDriverState *bs, NvmeCmd *cmd,
1008 NVMeRequest *req, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1010 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1011 uint64_t *pagelist = req->prp_list_page;
1016 assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(qiov->size, s->page_size));
1017 assert(qiov->size / s->page_size <= s->page_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
1018 for (i = 0; i < qiov->niov; ++i) {
1021 size_t len = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(qiov->iov[i].iov_len,
1022 qemu_real_host_page_size);
1024 r = qemu_vfio_dma_map(s->vfio,
1025 qiov->iov[i].iov_base,
1027 if (r == -ENOMEM && retry) {
1029 trace_nvme_dma_flush_queue_wait(s);
1030 if (s->dma_map_count) {
1031 trace_nvme_dma_map_flush(s);
1032 qemu_co_queue_wait(&s->dma_flush_queue, &s->dma_map_lock);
1034 r = qemu_vfio_dma_reset_temporary(s->vfio);
1045 for (j = 0; j < qiov->iov[i].iov_len / s->page_size; j++) {
1046 pagelist[entries++] = cpu_to_le64(iova + j * s->page_size);
1048 trace_nvme_cmd_map_qiov_iov(s, i, qiov->iov[i].iov_base,
1049 qiov->iov[i].iov_len / s->page_size);
1052 s->dma_map_count += qiov->size;
1054 assert(entries <= s->page_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
1059 cmd->dptr.prp1 = pagelist[0];
1063 cmd->dptr.prp1 = pagelist[0];
1064 cmd->dptr.prp2 = pagelist[1];
1067 cmd->dptr.prp1 = pagelist[0];
1068 cmd->dptr.prp2 = cpu_to_le64(req->prp_list_iova + sizeof(uint64_t));
1071 trace_nvme_cmd_map_qiov(s, cmd, req, qiov, entries);
1072 for (i = 0; i < entries; ++i) {
1073 trace_nvme_cmd_map_qiov_pages(s, i, pagelist[i]);
1077 /* No need to unmap [0 - i) iovs even if we've failed, since we don't
1078 * increment s->dma_map_count. This is okay for fixed mapping memory areas
1079 * because they are already mapped before calling this function; for
1080 * temporary mappings, a later nvme_cmd_(un)map_qiov will reclaim by
1081 * calling qemu_vfio_dma_reset_temporary when necessary. */
1091 static void nvme_rw_cb_bh(void *opaque)
1093 NVMeCoData *data = opaque;
1094 qemu_coroutine_enter(data->co);
1097 static void nvme_rw_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
1099 NVMeCoData *data = opaque;
1102 /* The rw coroutine hasn't yielded, don't try to enter. */
1105 replay_bh_schedule_oneshot_event(data->ctx, nvme_rw_cb_bh, data);
1108 static coroutine_fn int nvme_co_prw_aligned(BlockDriverState *bs,
1109 uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
1115 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1116 NVMeQueuePair *ioq = s->queues[INDEX_IO(0)];
1119 uint32_t cdw12 = (((bytes >> s->blkshift) - 1) & 0xFFFF) |
1120 (flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA ? 1 << 30 : 0);
1122 .opcode = is_write ? NVME_CMD_WRITE : NVME_CMD_READ,
1123 .nsid = cpu_to_le32(s->nsid),
1124 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32((offset >> s->blkshift) & 0xFFFFFFFF),
1125 .cdw11 = cpu_to_le32(((offset >> s->blkshift) >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF),
1126 .cdw12 = cpu_to_le32(cdw12),
1129 .ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
1130 .ret = -EINPROGRESS,
1133 trace_nvme_prw_aligned(s, is_write, offset, bytes, flags, qiov->niov);
1134 assert(s->queue_count > 1);
1135 req = nvme_get_free_req(ioq);
1138 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1139 r = nvme_cmd_map_qiov(bs, &cmd, req, qiov);
1140 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1142 nvme_put_free_req_and_wake(ioq, req);
1145 nvme_submit_command(ioq, req, &cmd, nvme_rw_cb, &data);
1147 data.co = qemu_coroutine_self();
1148 while (data.ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1149 qemu_coroutine_yield();
1152 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1153 r = nvme_cmd_unmap_qiov(bs, qiov);
1154 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1159 trace_nvme_rw_done(s, is_write, offset, bytes, data.ret);
1163 static inline bool nvme_qiov_aligned(BlockDriverState *bs,
1164 const QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1167 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1169 for (i = 0; i < qiov->niov; ++i) {
1170 if (!QEMU_PTR_IS_ALIGNED(qiov->iov[i].iov_base,
1171 qemu_real_host_page_size) ||
1172 !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(qiov->iov[i].iov_len, qemu_real_host_page_size)) {
1173 trace_nvme_qiov_unaligned(qiov, i, qiov->iov[i].iov_base,
1174 qiov->iov[i].iov_len, s->page_size);
1181 static int nvme_co_prw(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
1182 QEMUIOVector *qiov, bool is_write, int flags)
1184 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1186 uint8_t *buf = NULL;
1187 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
1188 size_t len = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(bytes, qemu_real_host_page_size);
1189 assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, s->page_size));
1190 assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(bytes, s->page_size));
1191 assert(bytes <= s->max_transfer);
1192 if (nvme_qiov_aligned(bs, qiov)) {
1193 s->stats.aligned_accesses++;
1194 return nvme_co_prw_aligned(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, is_write, flags);
1196 s->stats.unaligned_accesses++;
1197 trace_nvme_prw_buffered(s, offset, bytes, qiov->niov, is_write);
1198 buf = qemu_try_memalign(qemu_real_host_page_size, len);
1203 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, 1);
1205 qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, 0, buf, bytes);
1207 qemu_iovec_add(&local_qiov, buf, bytes);
1208 r = nvme_co_prw_aligned(bs, offset, bytes, &local_qiov, is_write, flags);
1209 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
1210 if (!r && !is_write) {
1211 qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, 0, buf, bytes);
1217 static coroutine_fn int nvme_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs,
1218 uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
1219 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
1221 return nvme_co_prw(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, false, flags);
1224 static coroutine_fn int nvme_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs,
1225 uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
1226 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
1228 return nvme_co_prw(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, true, flags);
1231 static coroutine_fn int nvme_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1233 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1234 NVMeQueuePair *ioq = s->queues[INDEX_IO(0)];
1237 .opcode = NVME_CMD_FLUSH,
1238 .nsid = cpu_to_le32(s->nsid),
1241 .ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
1242 .ret = -EINPROGRESS,
1245 assert(s->queue_count > 1);
1246 req = nvme_get_free_req(ioq);
1248 nvme_submit_command(ioq, req, &cmd, nvme_rw_cb, &data);
1250 data.co = qemu_coroutine_self();
1251 if (data.ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1252 qemu_coroutine_yield();
1259 static coroutine_fn int nvme_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
1262 BdrvRequestFlags flags)
1264 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1265 NVMeQueuePair *ioq = s->queues[INDEX_IO(0)];
1268 uint32_t cdw12 = ((bytes >> s->blkshift) - 1) & 0xFFFF;
1270 if (!s->supports_write_zeroes) {
1275 .opcode = NVME_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES,
1276 .nsid = cpu_to_le32(s->nsid),
1277 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32((offset >> s->blkshift) & 0xFFFFFFFF),
1278 .cdw11 = cpu_to_le32(((offset >> s->blkshift) >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF),
1282 .ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
1283 .ret = -EINPROGRESS,
1286 if (flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP) {
1290 if (flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) {
1294 cmd.cdw12 = cpu_to_le32(cdw12);
1296 trace_nvme_write_zeroes(s, offset, bytes, flags);
1297 assert(s->queue_count > 1);
1298 req = nvme_get_free_req(ioq);
1301 nvme_submit_command(ioq, req, &cmd, nvme_rw_cb, &data);
1303 data.co = qemu_coroutine_self();
1304 while (data.ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1305 qemu_coroutine_yield();
1308 trace_nvme_rw_done(s, true, offset, bytes, data.ret);
1313 static int coroutine_fn nvme_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs,
1317 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1318 NVMeQueuePair *ioq = s->queues[INDEX_IO(0)];
1321 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
1325 .opcode = NVME_CMD_DSM,
1326 .nsid = cpu_to_le32(s->nsid),
1327 .cdw10 = cpu_to_le32(0), /*number of ranges - 0 based*/
1328 .cdw11 = cpu_to_le32(1 << 2), /*deallocate bit*/
1332 .ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
1333 .ret = -EINPROGRESS,
1336 if (!s->supports_discard) {
1340 assert(s->queue_count > 1);
1342 buf = qemu_try_memalign(s->page_size, s->page_size);
1346 memset(buf, 0, s->page_size);
1347 buf->nlb = cpu_to_le32(bytes >> s->blkshift);
1348 buf->slba = cpu_to_le64(offset >> s->blkshift);
1351 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, 1);
1352 qemu_iovec_add(&local_qiov, buf, 4096);
1354 req = nvme_get_free_req(ioq);
1357 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1358 ret = nvme_cmd_map_qiov(bs, &cmd, req, &local_qiov);
1359 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1362 nvme_put_free_req_and_wake(ioq, req);
1366 trace_nvme_dsm(s, offset, bytes);
1368 nvme_submit_command(ioq, req, &cmd, nvme_rw_cb, &data);
1370 data.co = qemu_coroutine_self();
1371 while (data.ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1372 qemu_coroutine_yield();
1375 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1376 ret = nvme_cmd_unmap_qiov(bs, &local_qiov);
1377 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->dma_map_lock);
1384 trace_nvme_dsm_done(s, offset, bytes, ret);
1386 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
1392 static int coroutine_fn nvme_co_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
1393 bool exact, PreallocMode prealloc,
1394 BdrvRequestFlags flags, Error **errp)
1398 if (prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
1399 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported preallocation mode '%s'",
1400 PreallocMode_str(prealloc));
1404 cur_length = nvme_getlength(bs);
1405 if (offset != cur_length && exact) {
1406 error_setg(errp, "Cannot resize NVMe devices");
1408 } else if (offset > cur_length) {
1409 error_setg(errp, "Cannot grow NVMe devices");
1416 static int nvme_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state,
1417 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
1422 static void nvme_refresh_filename(BlockDriverState *bs)
1424 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1426 snprintf(bs->exact_filename, sizeof(bs->exact_filename), "nvme://%s/%i",
1427 s->device, s->nsid);
1430 static void nvme_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1432 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1434 bs->bl.opt_mem_alignment = s->page_size;
1435 bs->bl.request_alignment = s->page_size;
1436 bs->bl.max_transfer = s->max_transfer;
1439 static void nvme_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
1441 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1443 for (unsigned i = 0; i < s->queue_count; i++) {
1444 NVMeQueuePair *q = s->queues[i];
1446 qemu_bh_delete(q->completion_bh);
1447 q->completion_bh = NULL;
1450 aio_set_event_notifier(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs),
1451 &s->irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX],
1455 static void nvme_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
1456 AioContext *new_context)
1458 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1460 s->aio_context = new_context;
1461 aio_set_event_notifier(new_context, &s->irq_notifier[MSIX_SHARED_IRQ_IDX],
1462 false, nvme_handle_event, nvme_poll_cb);
1464 for (unsigned i = 0; i < s->queue_count; i++) {
1465 NVMeQueuePair *q = s->queues[i];
1468 aio_bh_new(new_context, nvme_process_completion_bh, q);
1472 static void nvme_aio_plug(BlockDriverState *bs)
1474 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1475 assert(!s->plugged);
1479 static void nvme_aio_unplug(BlockDriverState *bs)
1481 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1484 for (unsigned i = INDEX_IO(0); i < s->queue_count; i++) {
1485 NVMeQueuePair *q = s->queues[i];
1486 qemu_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
1488 nvme_process_completion(q);
1489 qemu_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
1493 static void nvme_register_buf(BlockDriverState *bs, void *host, size_t size)
1496 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1498 ret = qemu_vfio_dma_map(s->vfio, host, size, false, NULL);
1500 /* FIXME: we may run out of IOVA addresses after repeated
1501 * bdrv_register_buf/bdrv_unregister_buf, because nvme_vfio_dma_unmap
1502 * doesn't reclaim addresses for fixed mappings. */
1503 error_report("nvme_register_buf failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
1507 static void nvme_unregister_buf(BlockDriverState *bs, void *host)
1509 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1511 qemu_vfio_dma_unmap(s->vfio, host);
1514 static BlockStatsSpecific *nvme_get_specific_stats(BlockDriverState *bs)
1516 BlockStatsSpecific *stats = g_new(BlockStatsSpecific, 1);
1517 BDRVNVMeState *s = bs->opaque;
1519 stats->driver = BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_NVME;
1520 stats->u.nvme = (BlockStatsSpecificNvme) {
1521 .completion_errors = s->stats.completion_errors,
1522 .aligned_accesses = s->stats.aligned_accesses,
1523 .unaligned_accesses = s->stats.unaligned_accesses,
1529 static const char *const nvme_strong_runtime_opts[] = {
1530 NVME_BLOCK_OPT_DEVICE,
1531 NVME_BLOCK_OPT_NAMESPACE,
1536 static BlockDriver bdrv_nvme = {
1537 .format_name = "nvme",
1538 .protocol_name = "nvme",
1539 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVNVMeState),
1541 .bdrv_co_create_opts = bdrv_co_create_opts_simple,
1542 .create_opts = &bdrv_create_opts_simple,
1544 .bdrv_parse_filename = nvme_parse_filename,
1545 .bdrv_file_open = nvme_file_open,
1546 .bdrv_close = nvme_close,
1547 .bdrv_getlength = nvme_getlength,
1548 .bdrv_probe_blocksizes = nvme_probe_blocksizes,
1549 .bdrv_co_truncate = nvme_co_truncate,
1551 .bdrv_co_preadv = nvme_co_preadv,
1552 .bdrv_co_pwritev = nvme_co_pwritev,
1554 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = nvme_co_pwrite_zeroes,
1555 .bdrv_co_pdiscard = nvme_co_pdiscard,
1557 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = nvme_co_flush,
1558 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = nvme_reopen_prepare,
1560 .bdrv_refresh_filename = nvme_refresh_filename,
1561 .bdrv_refresh_limits = nvme_refresh_limits,
1562 .strong_runtime_opts = nvme_strong_runtime_opts,
1563 .bdrv_get_specific_stats = nvme_get_specific_stats,
1565 .bdrv_detach_aio_context = nvme_detach_aio_context,
1566 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = nvme_attach_aio_context,
1568 .bdrv_io_plug = nvme_aio_plug,
1569 .bdrv_io_unplug = nvme_aio_unplug,
1571 .bdrv_register_buf = nvme_register_buf,
1572 .bdrv_unregister_buf = nvme_unregister_buf,
1575 static void bdrv_nvme_init(void)
1577 bdrv_register(&bdrv_nvme);
1580 block_init(bdrv_nvme_init);