2 * Block driver for the COW format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu-common.h"
25 #include "block/block_int.h"
26 #include "qemu/module.h"
28 /**************************************************************/
29 /* COW block driver using file system holes */
31 /* user mode linux compatible COW file */
32 #define COW_MAGIC 0x4f4f4f4d /* MOOO */
35 struct cow_header_v2 {
38 char backing_file[1024];
44 typedef struct BDRVCowState {
46 int64_t cow_sectors_offset;
49 static int cow_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
51 const struct cow_header_v2 *cow_header = (const void *)buf;
53 if (buf_size >= sizeof(struct cow_header_v2) &&
54 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->magic) == COW_MAGIC &&
55 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->version) == COW_VERSION)
61 static int cow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
64 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
65 struct cow_header_v2 cow_header;
70 /* see if it is a cow image */
71 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &cow_header, sizeof(cow_header));
76 if (be32_to_cpu(cow_header.magic) != COW_MAGIC) {
81 if (be32_to_cpu(cow_header.version) != COW_VERSION) {
83 snprintf(version, sizeof(version),
84 "COW version %d", cow_header.version);
85 qerror_report(QERR_UNKNOWN_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE,
86 bs->device_name, "cow", version);
92 size = be64_to_cpu(cow_header.size);
93 bs->total_sectors = size / 512;
95 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file),
96 cow_header.backing_file);
98 bitmap_size = ((bs->total_sectors + 7) >> 3) + sizeof(cow_header);
99 s->cow_sectors_offset = (bitmap_size + 511) & ~511;
100 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
107 * XXX(hch): right now these functions are extremely inefficient.
108 * We should just read the whole bitmap we'll need in one go instead.
110 static inline int cow_set_bit(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t bitnum, bool *first)
112 uint64_t offset = sizeof(struct cow_header_v2) + bitnum / 8;
116 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &bitmap, sizeof(bitmap));
121 if (bitmap & (1 << (bitnum % 8))) {
126 ret = bdrv_flush(bs->file);
133 bitmap |= (1 << (bitnum % 8));
135 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, offset, &bitmap, sizeof(bitmap));
142 #define BITS_PER_BITMAP_SECTOR (512 * 8)
144 /* Cannot use bitmap.c on big-endian machines. */
145 static int cow_test_bit(int64_t bitnum, const uint8_t *bitmap)
147 return (bitmap[bitnum / 8] & (1 << (bitnum & 7))) != 0;
150 static int cow_find_streak(const uint8_t *bitmap, int value, int start, int nb_sectors)
152 int streak_value = value ? 0xFF : 0;
153 int last = MIN(start + nb_sectors, BITS_PER_BITMAP_SECTOR);
155 while (bitnum < last) {
156 if ((bitnum & 7) == 0 && bitmap[bitnum / 8] == streak_value) {
160 if (cow_test_bit(bitnum, bitmap) == value) {
166 return MIN(bitnum, last) - start;
169 /* Return true if first block has been changed (ie. current version is
170 * in COW file). Set the number of continuous blocks for which that
172 static int coroutine_fn cow_co_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs,
173 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *num_same)
175 int64_t bitnum = sector_num + sizeof(struct cow_header_v2) * 8;
176 uint64_t offset = (bitnum / 8) & -BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
177 uint8_t bitmap[BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE];
181 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &bitmap, sizeof(bitmap));
186 bitnum &= BITS_PER_BITMAP_SECTOR - 1;
187 changed = cow_test_bit(bitnum, bitmap);
188 *num_same = cow_find_streak(bitmap, changed, bitnum, nb_sectors);
192 static int64_t coroutine_fn cow_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
193 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *num_same)
195 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
196 int ret = cow_co_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, num_same);
197 int64_t offset = s->cow_sectors_offset + (sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
201 return (ret ? BDRV_BLOCK_DATA : 0) | offset | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
204 static int cow_update_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
211 for (i = 0; i < nb_sectors; i++) {
212 error = cow_set_bit(bs, sector_num + i, &first);
221 static int coroutine_fn cow_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
222 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
224 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
227 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
228 ret = cow_co_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &n);
233 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file,
234 s->cow_sectors_offset + sector_num * 512,
240 if (bs->backing_hd) {
241 /* read from the base image */
242 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, sector_num, buf, n);
247 memset(buf, 0, n * 512);
257 static coroutine_fn int cow_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
258 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
261 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
262 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
263 ret = cow_read(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
264 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
268 static int cow_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
269 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
271 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
274 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, s->cow_sectors_offset + sector_num * 512,
275 buf, nb_sectors * 512);
280 return cow_update_bitmap(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors);
283 static coroutine_fn int cow_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
284 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
287 BDRVCowState *s = bs->opaque;
288 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
289 ret = cow_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
290 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
294 static void cow_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
298 static int cow_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
301 struct cow_header_v2 cow_header;
303 int64_t image_sectors = 0;
304 const char *image_filename = NULL;
305 Error *local_err = NULL;
307 BlockDriverState *cow_bs;
309 /* Read out options */
310 while (options && options->name) {
311 if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
312 image_sectors = options->value.n / 512;
313 } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) {
314 image_filename = options->value.s;
319 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, options);
324 ret = bdrv_file_open(&cow_bs, filename, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR, &local_err);
326 qerror_report_err(local_err);
327 error_free(local_err);
331 memset(&cow_header, 0, sizeof(cow_header));
332 cow_header.magic = cpu_to_be32(COW_MAGIC);
333 cow_header.version = cpu_to_be32(COW_VERSION);
334 if (image_filename) {
335 /* Note: if no file, we put a dummy mtime */
336 cow_header.mtime = cpu_to_be32(0);
338 if (stat(image_filename, &st) != 0) {
341 cow_header.mtime = cpu_to_be32(st.st_mtime);
343 pstrcpy(cow_header.backing_file, sizeof(cow_header.backing_file),
346 cow_header.sectorsize = cpu_to_be32(512);
347 cow_header.size = cpu_to_be64(image_sectors * 512);
348 ret = bdrv_pwrite(cow_bs, 0, &cow_header, sizeof(cow_header));
353 /* resize to include at least all the bitmap */
354 ret = bdrv_truncate(cow_bs,
355 sizeof(cow_header) + ((image_sectors + 7) >> 3));
365 static QEMUOptionParameter cow_create_options[] = {
367 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
369 .help = "Virtual disk size"
372 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
374 .help = "File name of a base image"
379 static BlockDriver bdrv_cow = {
380 .format_name = "cow",
381 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCowState),
383 .bdrv_probe = cow_probe,
384 .bdrv_open = cow_open,
385 .bdrv_close = cow_close,
386 .bdrv_create = cow_create,
387 .bdrv_has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init_1,
389 .bdrv_read = cow_co_read,
390 .bdrv_write = cow_co_write,
391 .bdrv_co_get_block_status = cow_co_get_block_status,
393 .create_options = cow_create_options,
396 static void bdrv_cow_init(void)
398 bdrv_register(&bdrv_cow);
401 block_init(bdrv_cow_init);