2 * Secure Shell (ssh) backend for QEMU.
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
28 #include <libssh2_sftp.h>
30 #include "block/block_int.h"
31 #include "qapi/error.h"
32 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
33 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
34 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
36 #include "qapi-visit.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qint.h"
38 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
39 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
40 #include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
42 /* DEBUG_SSH=1 enables the DPRINTF (debugging printf) statements in
43 * this block driver code.
45 * TRACE_LIBSSH2=<bitmask> enables tracing in libssh2 itself. Note
46 * that this requires that libssh2 was specially compiled with the
47 * `./configure --enable-debug' option, so most likely you will have
48 * to compile it yourself. The meaning of <bitmask> is described
49 * here: http://www.libssh2.org/libssh2_trace.html
52 #define TRACE_LIBSSH2 0 /* or try: LIBSSH2_TRACE_SFTP */
54 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
57 fprintf(stderr, "ssh: %-15s " fmt "\n", \
58 __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
62 typedef struct BDRVSSHState {
67 int sock; /* socket */
68 LIBSSH2_SESSION *session; /* ssh session */
69 LIBSSH2_SFTP *sftp; /* sftp session */
70 LIBSSH2_SFTP_HANDLE *sftp_handle; /* sftp remote file handle */
72 /* See ssh_seek() function below. */
76 /* File attributes at open. We try to keep the .filesize field
77 * updated if it changes (eg by writing at the end of the file).
79 LIBSSH2_SFTP_ATTRIBUTES attrs;
81 InetSocketAddress *inet;
83 /* Used to warn if 'flush' is not supported. */
84 bool unsafe_flush_warning;
87 static void ssh_state_init(BDRVSSHState *s)
89 memset(s, 0, sizeof *s);
92 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
95 static void ssh_state_free(BDRVSSHState *s)
98 libssh2_sftp_close(s->sftp_handle);
101 libssh2_sftp_shutdown(s->sftp);
104 libssh2_session_disconnect(s->session,
105 "from qemu ssh client: "
106 "user closed the connection");
107 libssh2_session_free(s->session);
114 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(3, 4)
115 session_error_setg(Error **errp, BDRVSSHState *s, const char *fs, ...)
121 msg = g_strdup_vprintf(fs, args);
128 /* This is not an errno. See <libssh2.h>. */
129 ssh_err_code = libssh2_session_last_error(s->session,
131 error_setg(errp, "%s: %s (libssh2 error code: %d)",
132 msg, ssh_err, ssh_err_code);
134 error_setg(errp, "%s", msg);
139 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(3, 4)
140 sftp_error_setg(Error **errp, BDRVSSHState *s, const char *fs, ...)
146 msg = g_strdup_vprintf(fs, args);
152 unsigned long sftp_err_code;
154 /* This is not an errno. See <libssh2.h>. */
155 ssh_err_code = libssh2_session_last_error(s->session,
157 /* See <libssh2_sftp.h>. */
158 sftp_err_code = libssh2_sftp_last_error((s)->sftp);
161 "%s: %s (libssh2 error code: %d, sftp error code: %lu)",
162 msg, ssh_err, ssh_err_code, sftp_err_code);
164 error_setg(errp, "%s", msg);
169 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3)
170 sftp_error_report(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *fs, ...)
175 error_vprintf(fs, args);
180 unsigned long sftp_err_code;
182 /* This is not an errno. See <libssh2.h>. */
183 ssh_err_code = libssh2_session_last_error(s->session,
185 /* See <libssh2_sftp.h>. */
186 sftp_err_code = libssh2_sftp_last_error((s)->sftp);
188 error_printf(": %s (libssh2 error code: %d, sftp error code: %lu)",
189 ssh_err, ssh_err_code, sftp_err_code);
196 static int parse_uri(const char *filename, QDict *options, Error **errp)
203 uri = uri_parse(filename);
208 if (strcmp(uri->scheme, "ssh") != 0) {
209 error_setg(errp, "URI scheme must be 'ssh'");
213 if (!uri->server || strcmp(uri->server, "") == 0) {
214 error_setg(errp, "missing hostname in URI");
218 if (!uri->path || strcmp(uri->path, "") == 0) {
219 error_setg(errp, "missing remote path in URI");
223 qp = query_params_parse(uri->query);
225 error_setg(errp, "could not parse query parameters");
229 if(uri->user && strcmp(uri->user, "") != 0) {
230 qdict_put(options, "user", qstring_from_str(uri->user));
233 qdict_put(options, "server.host", qstring_from_str(uri->server));
235 port_str = g_strdup_printf("%d", uri->port ?: 22);
236 qdict_put(options, "server.port", qstring_from_str(port_str));
239 qdict_put(options, "path", qstring_from_str(uri->path));
241 /* Pick out any query parameters that we understand, and ignore
244 for (i = 0; i < qp->n; ++i) {
245 if (strcmp(qp->p[i].name, "host_key_check") == 0) {
246 qdict_put(options, "host_key_check",
247 qstring_from_str(qp->p[i].value));
251 query_params_free(qp);
262 static bool ssh_has_filename_options_conflict(QDict *options, Error **errp)
264 const QDictEntry *qe;
266 for (qe = qdict_first(options); qe; qe = qdict_next(options, qe)) {
267 if (!strcmp(qe->key, "host") ||
268 !strcmp(qe->key, "port") ||
269 !strcmp(qe->key, "path") ||
270 !strcmp(qe->key, "user") ||
271 !strcmp(qe->key, "host_key_check") ||
272 strstart(qe->key, "server.", NULL))
274 error_setg(errp, "Option '%s' cannot be used with a file name",
283 static void ssh_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
286 if (ssh_has_filename_options_conflict(options, errp)) {
290 parse_uri(filename, options, errp);
293 static int check_host_key_knownhosts(BDRVSSHState *s,
294 const char *host, int port, Error **errp)
297 char *knh_file = NULL;
298 LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOSTS *knh = NULL;
299 struct libssh2_knownhost *found;
305 hostkey = libssh2_session_hostkey(s->session, &len, &type);
308 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to read remote host key");
312 knh = libssh2_knownhost_init(s->session);
315 session_error_setg(errp, s,
316 "failed to initialize known hosts support");
320 home = getenv("HOME");
322 knh_file = g_strdup_printf("%s/.ssh/known_hosts", home);
324 knh_file = g_strdup_printf("/root/.ssh/known_hosts");
327 /* Read all known hosts from OpenSSH-style known_hosts file. */
328 libssh2_knownhost_readfile(knh, knh_file, LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_FILE_OPENSSH);
330 r = libssh2_knownhost_checkp(knh, host, port, hostkey, len,
331 LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_TYPE_PLAIN|
332 LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_KEYENC_RAW,
335 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_MATCH:
337 DPRINTF("host key OK: %s", found->key);
339 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_MISMATCH:
341 session_error_setg(errp, s,
342 "host key does not match the one in known_hosts"
343 " (found key %s)", found->key);
345 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_NOTFOUND:
347 session_error_setg(errp, s, "no host key was found in known_hosts");
349 case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_FAILURE:
351 session_error_setg(errp, s,
352 "failure matching the host key with known_hosts");
356 session_error_setg(errp, s, "unknown error matching the host key"
357 " with known_hosts (%d)", r);
361 /* known_hosts checking successful. */
366 libssh2_knownhost_free(knh);
372 static unsigned hex2decimal(char ch)
374 if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
376 } else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') {
377 return 10 + (ch - 'a');
378 } else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') {
379 return 10 + (ch - 'A');
385 /* Compare the binary fingerprint (hash of host key) with the
386 * host_key_check parameter.
388 static int compare_fingerprint(const unsigned char *fingerprint, size_t len,
389 const char *host_key_check)
394 while (*host_key_check == ':')
396 if (!qemu_isxdigit(host_key_check[0]) ||
397 !qemu_isxdigit(host_key_check[1]))
399 c = hex2decimal(host_key_check[0]) * 16 +
400 hex2decimal(host_key_check[1]);
401 if (c - *fingerprint != 0)
402 return c - *fingerprint;
407 return *host_key_check - '\0';
411 check_host_key_hash(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *hash,
412 int hash_type, size_t fingerprint_len, Error **errp)
414 const char *fingerprint;
416 fingerprint = libssh2_hostkey_hash(s->session, hash_type);
418 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to read remote host key");
422 if(compare_fingerprint((unsigned char *) fingerprint, fingerprint_len,
424 error_setg(errp, "remote host key does not match host_key_check '%s'",
432 static int check_host_key(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *host, int port,
433 const char *host_key_check, Error **errp)
435 /* host_key_check=no */
436 if (strcmp(host_key_check, "no") == 0) {
440 /* host_key_check=md5:xx:yy:zz:... */
441 if (strncmp(host_key_check, "md5:", 4) == 0) {
442 return check_host_key_hash(s, &host_key_check[4],
443 LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_MD5, 16, errp);
446 /* host_key_check=sha1:xx:yy:zz:... */
447 if (strncmp(host_key_check, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
448 return check_host_key_hash(s, &host_key_check[5],
449 LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA1, 20, errp);
452 /* host_key_check=yes */
453 if (strcmp(host_key_check, "yes") == 0) {
454 return check_host_key_knownhosts(s, host, port, errp);
457 error_setg(errp, "unknown host_key_check setting (%s)", host_key_check);
461 static int authenticate(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *user, Error **errp)
464 const char *userauthlist;
465 LIBSSH2_AGENT *agent = NULL;
466 struct libssh2_agent_publickey *identity;
467 struct libssh2_agent_publickey *prev_identity = NULL;
469 userauthlist = libssh2_userauth_list(s->session, user, strlen(user));
470 if (strstr(userauthlist, "publickey") == NULL) {
473 "remote server does not support \"publickey\" authentication");
477 /* Connect to ssh-agent and try each identity in turn. */
478 agent = libssh2_agent_init(s->session);
481 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to initialize ssh-agent support");
484 if (libssh2_agent_connect(agent)) {
486 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to connect to ssh-agent");
489 if (libssh2_agent_list_identities(agent)) {
491 session_error_setg(errp, s,
492 "failed requesting identities from ssh-agent");
497 r = libssh2_agent_get_identity(agent, &identity, prev_identity);
498 if (r == 1) { /* end of list */
503 session_error_setg(errp, s,
504 "failed to obtain identity from ssh-agent");
507 r = libssh2_agent_userauth(agent, user, identity);
513 /* Failed to authenticate with this identity, try the next one. */
514 prev_identity = identity;
518 error_setg(errp, "failed to authenticate using publickey authentication "
519 "and the identities held by your ssh-agent");
523 /* Note: libssh2 implementation implicitly calls
524 * libssh2_agent_disconnect if necessary.
526 libssh2_agent_free(agent);
532 static QemuOptsList ssh_runtime_opts = {
534 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ssh_runtime_opts.head),
538 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
539 .help = "Host to connect to",
543 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
544 .help = "Port to connect to",
548 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
549 .help = "Path of the image on the host",
553 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
554 .help = "User as which to connect",
557 .name = "host_key_check",
558 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
559 .help = "Defines how and what to check the host key against",
564 static bool ssh_process_legacy_socket_options(QDict *output_opts,
565 QemuOpts *legacy_opts,
568 const char *host = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "host");
569 const char *port = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "port");
572 error_setg(errp, "port may not be used without host");
577 qdict_put(output_opts, "server.host", qstring_from_str(host));
578 qdict_put(output_opts, "server.port",
579 qstring_from_str(port ?: stringify(22)));
585 static InetSocketAddress *ssh_config(QDict *options, Error **errp)
587 InetSocketAddress *inet = NULL;
589 QObject *crumpled_addr = NULL;
591 Error *local_error = NULL;
593 qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &addr, "server.");
594 if (!qdict_size(addr)) {
595 error_setg(errp, "SSH server address missing");
599 crumpled_addr = qdict_crumple(addr, errp);
600 if (!crumpled_addr) {
605 * FIXME .numeric, .to, .ipv4 or .ipv6 don't work with -drive.
606 * .to doesn't matter, it's ignored anyway.
607 * That's because when @options come from -blockdev or
608 * blockdev_add, members are typed according to the QAPI schema,
609 * but when they come from -drive, they're all QString. The
610 * visitor expects the former.
612 iv = qobject_input_visitor_new(crumpled_addr);
613 visit_type_InetSocketAddress(iv, NULL, &inet, &local_error);
615 error_propagate(errp, local_error);
621 qobject_decref(crumpled_addr);
626 static int connect_to_ssh(BDRVSSHState *s, QDict *options,
627 int ssh_flags, int creat_mode, Error **errp)
630 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
631 Error *local_err = NULL;
632 const char *user, *path, *host_key_check;
635 opts = qemu_opts_create(&ssh_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
636 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
639 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
643 if (!ssh_process_legacy_socket_options(options, opts, errp)) {
648 path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
651 error_setg(errp, "No path was specified");
655 user = qemu_opt_get(opts, "user");
657 user = g_get_user_name();
659 error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "Can't get user name");
665 host_key_check = qemu_opt_get(opts, "host_key_check");
666 if (!host_key_check) {
667 host_key_check = "yes";
670 /* Pop the config into our state object, Exit if invalid */
671 s->inet = ssh_config(options, errp);
677 if (qemu_strtol(s->inet->port, NULL, 10, &port) < 0) {
678 error_setg(errp, "Use only numeric port value");
683 /* Open the socket and connect. */
684 s->sock = inet_connect_saddr(s->inet, NULL, NULL, errp);
690 /* Create SSH session. */
691 s->session = libssh2_session_init();
694 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to initialize libssh2 session");
698 #if TRACE_LIBSSH2 != 0
699 libssh2_trace(s->session, TRACE_LIBSSH2);
702 r = libssh2_session_handshake(s->session, s->sock);
705 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to establish SSH session");
709 /* Check the remote host's key against known_hosts. */
710 ret = check_host_key(s, s->inet->host, port, host_key_check,
717 ret = authenticate(s, user, errp);
723 s->sftp = libssh2_sftp_init(s->session);
725 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to initialize sftp handle");
730 /* Open the remote file. */
731 DPRINTF("opening file %s flags=0x%x creat_mode=0%o",
732 path, ssh_flags, creat_mode);
733 s->sftp_handle = libssh2_sftp_open(s->sftp, path, ssh_flags, creat_mode);
734 if (!s->sftp_handle) {
735 session_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to open remote file '%s'", path);
742 r = libssh2_sftp_fstat(s->sftp_handle, &s->attrs);
744 sftp_error_setg(errp, s, "failed to read file attributes");
751 if (s->sftp_handle) {
752 libssh2_sftp_close(s->sftp_handle);
754 s->sftp_handle = NULL;
756 libssh2_sftp_shutdown(s->sftp);
760 libssh2_session_disconnect(s->session,
761 "from qemu ssh client: "
762 "error opening connection");
763 libssh2_session_free(s->session);
772 static int ssh_file_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int bdrv_flags,
775 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
781 ssh_flags = LIBSSH2_FXF_READ;
782 if (bdrv_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
783 ssh_flags |= LIBSSH2_FXF_WRITE;
787 ret = connect_to_ssh(s, options, ssh_flags, 0, errp);
792 /* Go non-blocking. */
793 libssh2_session_set_blocking(s->session, 0);
806 static QemuOptsList ssh_create_opts = {
807 .name = "ssh-create-opts",
808 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ssh_create_opts.head),
811 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
812 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
813 .help = "Virtual disk size"
815 { /* end of list */ }
819 static int ssh_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
822 int64_t total_size = 0;
823 QDict *uri_options = NULL;
826 char c[1] = { '\0' };
830 /* Get desired file size. */
831 total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
833 DPRINTF("total_size=%" PRIi64, total_size);
835 uri_options = qdict_new();
836 r = parse_uri(filename, uri_options, errp);
842 r = connect_to_ssh(&s, uri_options,
843 LIBSSH2_FXF_READ|LIBSSH2_FXF_WRITE|
844 LIBSSH2_FXF_CREAT|LIBSSH2_FXF_TRUNC,
851 if (total_size > 0) {
852 libssh2_sftp_seek64(s.sftp_handle, total_size-1);
853 r2 = libssh2_sftp_write(s.sftp_handle, c, 1);
855 sftp_error_setg(errp, &s, "truncate failed");
859 s.attrs.filesize = total_size;
866 if (uri_options != NULL) {
867 QDECREF(uri_options);
872 static void ssh_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
874 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
879 static int ssh_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
881 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
882 /* Assume false, unless we can positively prove it's true. */
883 int has_zero_init = 0;
885 if (s->attrs.flags & LIBSSH2_SFTP_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) {
886 if (s->attrs.permissions & LIBSSH2_SFTP_S_IFREG) {
891 return has_zero_init;
894 static void restart_coroutine(void *opaque)
896 Coroutine *co = opaque;
898 DPRINTF("co=%p", co);
903 /* A non-blocking call returned EAGAIN, so yield, ensuring the
904 * handlers are set up so that we'll be rescheduled when there is an
905 * interesting event on the socket.
907 static coroutine_fn void co_yield(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs)
910 IOHandler *rd_handler = NULL, *wr_handler = NULL;
911 Coroutine *co = qemu_coroutine_self();
913 r = libssh2_session_block_directions(s->session);
915 if (r & LIBSSH2_SESSION_BLOCK_INBOUND) {
916 rd_handler = restart_coroutine;
918 if (r & LIBSSH2_SESSION_BLOCK_OUTBOUND) {
919 wr_handler = restart_coroutine;
922 DPRINTF("s->sock=%d rd_handler=%p wr_handler=%p", s->sock,
923 rd_handler, wr_handler);
925 aio_set_fd_handler(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), s->sock,
926 false, rd_handler, wr_handler, NULL, co);
927 qemu_coroutine_yield();
928 DPRINTF("s->sock=%d - back", s->sock);
929 aio_set_fd_handler(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), s->sock, false,
930 NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
933 /* SFTP has a function `libssh2_sftp_seek64' which seeks to a position
934 * in the remote file. Notice that it just updates a field in the
935 * sftp_handle structure, so there is no network traffic and it cannot
938 * However, `libssh2_sftp_seek64' does have a catastrophic effect on
939 * performance since it causes the handle to throw away all in-flight
940 * reads and buffered readahead data. Therefore this function tries
941 * to be intelligent about when to call the underlying libssh2 function.
943 #define SSH_SEEK_WRITE 0
944 #define SSH_SEEK_READ 1
945 #define SSH_SEEK_FORCE 2
947 static void ssh_seek(BDRVSSHState *s, int64_t offset, int flags)
949 bool op_read = (flags & SSH_SEEK_READ) != 0;
950 bool force = (flags & SSH_SEEK_FORCE) != 0;
952 if (force || op_read != s->offset_op_read || offset != s->offset) {
953 DPRINTF("seeking to offset=%" PRIi64, offset);
954 libssh2_sftp_seek64(s->sftp_handle, offset);
956 s->offset_op_read = op_read;
960 static coroutine_fn int ssh_read(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs,
961 int64_t offset, size_t size,
966 char *buf, *end_of_vec;
969 DPRINTF("offset=%" PRIi64 " size=%zu", offset, size);
971 ssh_seek(s, offset, SSH_SEEK_READ);
973 /* This keeps track of the current iovec element ('i'), where we
974 * will write to next ('buf'), and the end of the current iovec
979 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
981 /* libssh2 has a hard-coded limit of 2000 bytes per request,
982 * although it will also do readahead behind our backs. Therefore
983 * we may have to do repeated reads here until we have read 'size'
986 for (got = 0; got < size; ) {
988 DPRINTF("sftp_read buf=%p size=%zu", buf, end_of_vec - buf);
989 r = libssh2_sftp_read(s->sftp_handle, buf, end_of_vec - buf);
990 DPRINTF("sftp_read returned %zd", r);
992 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_EAGAIN || r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
997 sftp_error_report(s, "read failed");
1002 /* EOF: Short read so pad the buffer with zeroes and return it. */
1003 qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, got, 0, size - got);
1010 if (buf >= end_of_vec && got < size) {
1013 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
1020 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
1022 int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1024 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1027 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1028 ret = ssh_read(s, bs, sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1029 nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, qiov);
1030 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1035 static int ssh_write(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs,
1036 int64_t offset, size_t size,
1041 char *buf, *end_of_vec;
1044 DPRINTF("offset=%" PRIi64 " size=%zu", offset, size);
1046 ssh_seek(s, offset, SSH_SEEK_WRITE);
1048 /* This keeps track of the current iovec element ('i'), where we
1049 * will read from next ('buf'), and the end of the current iovec
1054 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
1056 for (written = 0; written < size; ) {
1058 DPRINTF("sftp_write buf=%p size=%zu", buf, end_of_vec - buf);
1059 r = libssh2_sftp_write(s->sftp_handle, buf, end_of_vec - buf);
1060 DPRINTF("sftp_write returned %zd", r);
1062 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_EAGAIN || r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
1067 sftp_error_report(s, "write failed");
1071 /* The libssh2 API is very unclear about this. A comment in
1072 * the code says "nothing was acked, and no EAGAIN was
1073 * received!" which apparently means that no data got sent
1074 * out, and the underlying channel didn't return any EAGAIN
1075 * indication. I think this is a bug in either libssh2 or
1076 * OpenSSH (server-side). In any case, forcing a seek (to
1077 * discard libssh2 internal buffers), and then trying again
1081 ssh_seek(s, offset + written, SSH_SEEK_WRITE|SSH_SEEK_FORCE);
1089 if (buf >= end_of_vec && written < size) {
1092 end_of_vec = i->iov_base + i->iov_len;
1095 if (offset + written > s->attrs.filesize)
1096 s->attrs.filesize = offset + written;
1102 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs,
1104 int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1106 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1109 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1110 ret = ssh_write(s, bs, sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1111 nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, qiov);
1112 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1117 static void unsafe_flush_warning(BDRVSSHState *s, const char *what)
1119 if (!s->unsafe_flush_warning) {
1120 error_report("warning: ssh server %s does not support fsync",
1123 error_report("to support fsync, you need %s", what);
1125 s->unsafe_flush_warning = true;
1129 #ifdef HAS_LIBSSH2_SFTP_FSYNC
1131 static coroutine_fn int ssh_flush(BDRVSSHState *s, BlockDriverState *bs)
1137 r = libssh2_sftp_fsync(s->sftp_handle);
1138 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_EAGAIN || r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
1142 if (r == LIBSSH2_ERROR_SFTP_PROTOCOL &&
1143 libssh2_sftp_last_error(s->sftp) == LIBSSH2_FX_OP_UNSUPPORTED) {
1144 unsafe_flush_warning(s, "OpenSSH >= 6.3");
1148 sftp_error_report(s, "fsync failed");
1155 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1157 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1160 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1161 ret = ssh_flush(s, bs);
1162 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1167 #else /* !HAS_LIBSSH2_SFTP_FSYNC */
1169 static coroutine_fn int ssh_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1171 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1173 unsafe_flush_warning(s, "libssh2 >= 1.4.4");
1177 #endif /* !HAS_LIBSSH2_SFTP_FSYNC */
1179 static int64_t ssh_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1181 BDRVSSHState *s = bs->opaque;
1184 /* Note we cannot make a libssh2 call here. */
1185 length = (int64_t) s->attrs.filesize;
1186 DPRINTF("length=%" PRIi64, length);
1191 static BlockDriver bdrv_ssh = {
1192 .format_name = "ssh",
1193 .protocol_name = "ssh",
1194 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVSSHState),
1195 .bdrv_parse_filename = ssh_parse_filename,
1196 .bdrv_file_open = ssh_file_open,
1197 .bdrv_create = ssh_create,
1198 .bdrv_close = ssh_close,
1199 .bdrv_has_zero_init = ssh_has_zero_init,
1200 .bdrv_co_readv = ssh_co_readv,
1201 .bdrv_co_writev = ssh_co_writev,
1202 .bdrv_getlength = ssh_getlength,
1203 .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk = ssh_co_flush,
1204 .create_opts = &ssh_create_opts,
1207 static void bdrv_ssh_init(void)
1211 r = libssh2_init(0);
1213 fprintf(stderr, "libssh2 initialization failed, %d\n", r);
1217 bdrv_register(&bdrv_ssh);
1220 block_init(bdrv_ssh_init);