memory.c

   1 /*
   2  * Physical memory management
   3  *
   4  * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
   5  *
   6  * Authors:
   7  *  Avi Kivity <[email protected]>
   8  *
   9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
  10  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  11  *
  12  * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
  13  * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
  14  */
  15
  16 #include "exec/memory.h"
  17 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
  18 #include "exec/ioport.h"
  19 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
  20 #include "qemu/bitops.h"
  21 #include "qom/object.h"
  22 #include "trace.h"
  23 #include <assert.h>
  24
  25 #include "exec/memory-internal.h"
  26 #include "exec/ram_addr.h"
  27 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
  28
  29 //#define DEBUG_UNASSIGNED
  30
  31 static unsigned memory_region_transaction_depth;
  32 static bool memory_region_update_pending;
  33 static bool ioeventfd_update_pending;
  34 static bool global_dirty_log = false;
  35
  36 /* flat_view_mutex is taken around reading as->current_map; the critical
  37  * section is extremely short, so I'm using a single mutex for every AS.
  38  * We could also RCU for the read-side.
  39  *
  40  * The BQL is taken around transaction commits, hence both locks are taken
  41  * while writing to as->current_map (with the BQL taken outside).
  42  */
  43 static QemuMutex flat_view_mutex;
  44
  45 static QTAILQ_HEAD(memory_listeners, MemoryListener) memory_listeners
  46     = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(memory_listeners);
  47
  48 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, AddressSpace) address_spaces
  49     = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(address_spaces);
  50
  51 static void memory_init(void)
  52 {
  53     qemu_mutex_init(&flat_view_mutex);
  54 }
  55
  56 typedef struct AddrRange AddrRange;
  57
  58 /*
  59  * Note that signed integers are needed for negative offsetting in aliases
  60  * (large MemoryRegion::alias_offset).
  61  */
  62 struct AddrRange {
  63     Int128 start;
  64     Int128 size;
  65 };
  66
  67 static AddrRange addrrange_make(Int128 start, Int128 size)
  68 {
  69     return (AddrRange) { start, size };
  70 }
  71
  72 static bool addrrange_equal(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2)
  73 {
  74     return int128_eq(r1.start, r2.start) && int128_eq(r1.size, r2.size);
  75 }
  76
  77 static Int128 addrrange_end(AddrRange r)
  78 {
  79     return int128_add(r.start, r.size);
  80 }
  81
  82 static AddrRange addrrange_shift(AddrRange range, Int128 delta)
  83 {
  84     int128_addto(&range.start, delta);
  85     return range;
  86 }
  87
  88 static bool addrrange_contains(AddrRange range, Int128 addr)
  89 {
  90     return int128_ge(addr, range.start)
  91         && int128_lt(addr, addrrange_end(range));
  92 }
  93
  94 static bool addrrange_intersects(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2)
  95 {
  96     return addrrange_contains(r1, r2.start)
  97         || addrrange_contains(r2, r1.start);
  98 }
  99
 100 static AddrRange addrrange_intersection(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2)
 101 {
 102     Int128 start = int128_max(r1.start, r2.start);
 103     Int128 end = int128_min(addrrange_end(r1), addrrange_end(r2));
 104     return addrrange_make(start, int128_sub(end, start));
 105 }
 106
 107 enum ListenerDirection { Forward, Reverse };
 108
 109 static bool memory_listener_match(MemoryListener *listener,
 110                                   MemoryRegionSection *section)
 111 {
 112     return !listener->address_space_filter
 113         || listener->address_space_filter == section->address_space;
 114 }
 115
 116 #define MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(_callback, _direction, _args...)    \
 117     do {                                                                \
 118         MemoryListener *_listener;                                      \
 119                                                                         \
 120         switch (_direction) {                                           \
 121         case Forward:                                                   \
 122             QTAILQ_FOREACH(_listener, &memory_listeners, link) {        \
 123                 if (_listener->_callback) {                             \
 124                     _listener->_callback(_listener, ##_args);           \
 125                 }                                                       \
 126             }                                                           \
 127             break;                                                      \
 128         case Reverse:                                                   \
 129             QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(_listener, &memory_listeners,        \
 130                                    memory_listeners, link) {            \
 131                 if (_listener->_callback) {                             \
 132                     _listener->_callback(_listener, ##_args);           \
 133                 }                                                       \
 134             }                                                           \
 135             break;                                                      \
 136         default:                                                        \
 137             abort();                                                    \
 138         }                                                               \
 139     } while (0)
 140
 141 #define MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(_callback, _direction, _section, _args...) \
 142     do {                                                                \
 143         MemoryListener *_listener;                                      \
 144                                                                         \
 145         switch (_direction) {                                           \
 146         case Forward:                                                   \
 147             QTAILQ_FOREACH(_listener, &memory_listeners, link) {        \
 148                 if (_listener->_callback                                \
 149                     && memory_listener_match(_listener, _section)) {    \
 150                     _listener->_callback(_listener, _section, ##_args); \
 151                 }                                                       \
 152             }                                                           \
 153             break;                                                      \
 154         case Reverse:                                                   \
 155             QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(_listener, &memory_listeners,        \
 156                                    memory_listeners, link) {            \
 157                 if (_listener->_callback                                \
 158                     && memory_listener_match(_listener, _section)) {    \
 159                     _listener->_callback(_listener, _section, ##_args); \
 160                 }                                                       \
 161             }                                                           \
 162             break;                                                      \
 163         default:                                                        \
 164             abort();                                                    \
 165         }                                                               \
 166     } while (0)
 167
 168 /* No need to ref/unref .mr, the FlatRange keeps it alive.  */
 169 #define MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, dir, callback)            \
 170     MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(callback, dir, (&(MemoryRegionSection) {       \
 171         .mr = (fr)->mr,                                                 \
 172         .address_space = (as),                                          \
 173         .offset_within_region = (fr)->offset_in_region,                 \
 174         .size = (fr)->addr.size,                                        \
 175         .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64((fr)->addr.start),  \
 176         .readonly = (fr)->readonly,                                     \
 177               }))
 178
 179 struct CoalescedMemoryRange {
 180     AddrRange addr;
 181     QTAILQ_ENTRY(CoalescedMemoryRange) link;
 182 };
 183
 184 struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd {
 185     AddrRange addr;
 186     bool match_data;
 187     uint64_t data;
 188     EventNotifier *e;
 189 };
 190
 191 static bool memory_region_ioeventfd_before(MemoryRegionIoeventfd a,
 192                                            MemoryRegionIoeventfd b)
 193 {
 194     if (int128_lt(a.addr.start, b.addr.start)) {
 195         return true;
 196     } else if (int128_gt(a.addr.start, b.addr.start)) {
 197         return false;
 198     } else if (int128_lt(a.addr.size, b.addr.size)) {
 199         return true;
 200     } else if (int128_gt(a.addr.size, b.addr.size)) {
 201         return false;
 202     } else if (a.match_data < b.match_data) {
 203         return true;
 204     } else  if (a.match_data > b.match_data) {
 205         return false;
 206     } else if (a.match_data) {
 207         if (a.data < b.data) {
 208             return true;
 209         } else if (a.data > b.data) {
 210             return false;
 211         }
 212     }
 213     if (a.e < b.e) {
 214         return true;
 215     } else if (a.e > b.e) {
 216         return false;
 217     }
 218     return false;
 219 }
 220
 221 static bool memory_region_ioeventfd_equal(MemoryRegionIoeventfd a,
 222                                           MemoryRegionIoeventfd b)
 223 {
 224     return !memory_region_ioeventfd_before(a, b)
 225         && !memory_region_ioeventfd_before(b, a);
 226 }
 227
 228 typedef struct FlatRange FlatRange;
 229 typedef struct FlatView FlatView;
 230
 231 /* Range of memory in the global map.  Addresses are absolute. */
 232 struct FlatRange {
 233     MemoryRegion *mr;
 234     hwaddr offset_in_region;
 235     AddrRange addr;
 236     uint8_t dirty_log_mask;
 237     bool romd_mode;
 238     bool readonly;
 239 };
 240
 241 /* Flattened global view of current active memory hierarchy.  Kept in sorted
 242  * order.
 243  */
 244 struct FlatView {
 245     unsigned ref;
 246     FlatRange *ranges;
 247     unsigned nr;
 248     unsigned nr_allocated;
 249 };
 250
 251 typedef struct AddressSpaceOps AddressSpaceOps;
 252
 253 #define FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(var, view)          \
 254     for (var = (view)->ranges; var < (view)->ranges + (view)->nr; ++var)
 255
 256 static bool flatrange_equal(FlatRange *a, FlatRange *b)
 257 {
 258     return a->mr == b->mr
 259         && addrrange_equal(a->addr, b->addr)
 260         && a->offset_in_region == b->offset_in_region
 261         && a->romd_mode == b->romd_mode
 262         && a->readonly == b->readonly;
 263 }
 264
 265 static void flatview_init(FlatView *view)
 266 {
 267     view->ref = 1;
 268     view->ranges = NULL;
 269     view->nr = 0;
 270     view->nr_allocated = 0;
 271 }
 272
 273 /* Insert a range into a given position.  Caller is responsible for maintaining
 274  * sorting order.
 275  */
 276 static void flatview_insert(FlatView *view, unsigned pos, FlatRange *range)
 277 {
 278     if (view->nr == view->nr_allocated) {
 279         view->nr_allocated = MAX(2 * view->nr, 10);
 280         view->ranges = g_realloc(view->ranges,
 281                                     view->nr_allocated * sizeof(*view->ranges));
 282     }
 283     memmove(view->ranges + pos + 1, view->ranges + pos,
 284             (view->nr - pos) * sizeof(FlatRange));
 285     view->ranges[pos] = *range;
 286     memory_region_ref(range->mr);
 287     ++view->nr;
 288 }
 289
 290 static void flatview_destroy(FlatView *view)
 291 {
 292     int i;
 293
 294     for (i = 0; i < view->nr; i++) {
 295         memory_region_unref(view->ranges[i].mr);
 296     }
 297     g_free(view->ranges);
 298     g_free(view);
 299 }
 300
 301 static void flatview_ref(FlatView *view)
 302 {
 303     atomic_inc(&view->ref);
 304 }
 305
 306 static void flatview_unref(FlatView *view)
 307 {
 308     if (atomic_fetch_dec(&view->ref) == 1) {
 309         flatview_destroy(view);
 310     }
 311 }
 312
 313 static bool can_merge(FlatRange *r1, FlatRange *r2)
 314 {
 315     return int128_eq(addrrange_end(r1->addr), r2->addr.start)
 316         && r1->mr == r2->mr
 317         && int128_eq(int128_add(int128_make64(r1->offset_in_region),
 318                                 r1->addr.size),
 319                      int128_make64(r2->offset_in_region))
 320         && r1->dirty_log_mask == r2->dirty_log_mask
 321         && r1->romd_mode == r2->romd_mode
 322         && r1->readonly == r2->readonly;
 323 }
 324
 325 /* Attempt to simplify a view by merging adjacent ranges */
 326 static void flatview_simplify(FlatView *view)
 327 {
 328     unsigned i, j;
 329
 330     i = 0;
 331     while (i < view->nr) {
 332         j = i + 1;
 333         while (j < view->nr
 334                && can_merge(&view->ranges[j-1], &view->ranges[j])) {
 335             int128_addto(&view->ranges[i].addr.size, view->ranges[j].addr.size);
 336             ++j;
 337         }
 338         ++i;
 339         memmove(&view->ranges[i], &view->ranges[j],
 340                 (view->nr - j) * sizeof(view->ranges[j]));
 341         view->nr -= j - i;
 342     }
 343 }
 344
 345 static bool memory_region_big_endian(MemoryRegion *mr)
 346 {
 347 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 348     return mr->ops->endianness != DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
 349 #else
 350     return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN;
 351 #endif
 352 }
 353
 354 static bool memory_region_wrong_endianness(MemoryRegion *mr)
 355 {
 356 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 357     return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
 358 #else
 359     return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN;
 360 #endif
 361 }
 362
 363 static void adjust_endianness(MemoryRegion *mr, uint64_t *data, unsigned size)
 364 {
 365     if (memory_region_wrong_endianness(mr)) {
 366         switch (size) {
 367         case 1:
 368             break;
 369         case 2:
 370             *data = bswap16(*data);
 371             break;
 372         case 4:
 373             *data = bswap32(*data);
 374             break;
 375         case 8:
 376             *data = bswap64(*data);
 377             break;
 378         default:
 379             abort();
 380         }
 381     }
 382 }
 383
 384 static void memory_region_oldmmio_read_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
 385                                                 hwaddr addr,
 386                                                 uint64_t *value,
 387                                                 unsigned size,
 388                                                 unsigned shift,
 389                                                 uint64_t mask)
 390 {
 391     uint64_t tmp;
 392
 393     tmp = mr->ops->old_mmio.read[ctz32(size)](mr->opaque, addr);
 394     trace_memory_region_ops_read(mr, addr, tmp, size);
 395     *value |= (tmp & mask) << shift;
 396 }
 397
 398 static void memory_region_read_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
 399                                         hwaddr addr,
 400                                         uint64_t *value,
 401                                         unsigned size,
 402                                         unsigned shift,
 403                                         uint64_t mask)
 404 {
 405     uint64_t tmp;
 406
 407     if (mr->flush_coalesced_mmio) {
 408         qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
 409     }
 410     tmp = mr->ops->read(mr->opaque, addr, size);
 411     trace_memory_region_ops_read(mr, addr, tmp, size);
 412     *value |= (tmp & mask) << shift;
 413 }
 414
 415 static void memory_region_oldmmio_write_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
 416                                                  hwaddr addr,
 417                                                  uint64_t *value,
 418                                                  unsigned size,
 419                                                  unsigned shift,
 420                                                  uint64_t mask)
 421 {
 422     uint64_t tmp;
 423
 424     tmp = (*value >> shift) & mask;
 425     trace_memory_region_ops_write(mr, addr, tmp, size);
 426     mr->ops->old_mmio.write[ctz32(size)](mr->opaque, addr, tmp);
 427 }
 428
 429 static void memory_region_write_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
 430                                          hwaddr addr,
 431                                          uint64_t *value,
 432                                          unsigned size,
 433                                          unsigned shift,
 434                                          uint64_t mask)
 435 {
 436     uint64_t tmp;
 437
 438     if (mr->flush_coalesced_mmio) {
 439         qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
 440     }
 441     tmp = (*value >> shift) & mask;
 442     trace_memory_region_ops_write(mr, addr, tmp, size);
 443     mr->ops->write(mr->opaque, addr, tmp, size);
 444 }
 445
 446 static void access_with_adjusted_size(hwaddr addr,
 447                                       uint64_t *value,
 448                                       unsigned size,
 449                                       unsigned access_size_min,
 450                                       unsigned access_size_max,
 451                                       void (*access)(MemoryRegion *mr,
 452                                                      hwaddr addr,
 453                                                      uint64_t *value,
 454                                                      unsigned size,
 455                                                      unsigned shift,
 456                                                      uint64_t mask),
 457                                       MemoryRegion *mr)
 458 {
 459     uint64_t access_mask;
 460     unsigned access_size;
 461     unsigned i;
 462
 463     if (!access_size_min) {
 464         access_size_min = 1;
 465     }
 466     if (!access_size_max) {
 467         access_size_max = 4;
 468     }
 469
 470     /* FIXME: support unaligned access? */
 471     access_size = MAX(MIN(size, access_size_max), access_size_min);
 472     access_mask = -1ULL >> (64 - access_size * 8);
 473     if (memory_region_big_endian(mr)) {
 474         for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) {
 475             access(mr, addr + i, value, access_size,
 476                    (size - access_size - i) * 8, access_mask);
 477         }
 478     } else {
 479         for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) {
 480             access(mr, addr + i, value, access_size, i * 8, access_mask);
 481         }
 482     }
 483 }
 484
 485 static AddressSpace *memory_region_to_address_space(MemoryRegion *mr)
 486 {
 487     AddressSpace *as;
 488
 489     while (mr->container) {
 490         mr = mr->container;
 491     }
 492     QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
 493         if (mr == as->root) {
 494             return as;
 495         }
 496     }
 497     return NULL;
 498 }
 499
 500 /* Render a memory region into the global view.  Ranges in @view obscure
 501  * ranges in @mr.
 502  */
 503 static void render_memory_region(FlatView *view,
 504                                  MemoryRegion *mr,
 505                                  Int128 base,
 506                                  AddrRange clip,
 507                                  bool readonly)
 508 {
 509     MemoryRegion *subregion;
 510     unsigned i;
 511     hwaddr offset_in_region;
 512     Int128 remain;
 513     Int128 now;
 514     FlatRange fr;
 515     AddrRange tmp;
 516
 517     if (!mr->enabled) {
 518         return;
 519     }
 520
 521     int128_addto(&base, int128_make64(mr->addr));
 522     readonly |= mr->readonly;
 523
 524     tmp = addrrange_make(base, mr->size);
 525
 526     if (!addrrange_intersects(tmp, clip)) {
 527         return;
 528     }
 529
 530     clip = addrrange_intersection(tmp, clip);
 531
 532     if (mr->alias) {
 533         int128_subfrom(&base, int128_make64(mr->alias->addr));
 534         int128_subfrom(&base, int128_make64(mr->alias_offset));
 535         render_memory_region(view, mr->alias, base, clip, readonly);
 536         return;
 537     }
 538
 539     /* Render subregions in priority order. */
 540     QTAILQ_FOREACH(subregion, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
 541         render_memory_region(view, subregion, base, clip, readonly);
 542     }
 543
 544     if (!mr->terminates) {
 545         return;
 546     }
 547
 548     offset_in_region = int128_get64(int128_sub(clip.start, base));
 549     base = clip.start;
 550     remain = clip.size;
 551
 552     fr.mr = mr;
 553     fr.dirty_log_mask = mr->dirty_log_mask;
 554     fr.romd_mode = mr->romd_mode;
 555     fr.readonly = readonly;
 556
 557     /* Render the region itself into any gaps left by the current view. */
 558     for (i = 0; i < view->nr && int128_nz(remain); ++i) {
 559         if (int128_ge(base, addrrange_end(view->ranges[i].addr))) {
 560             continue;
 561         }
 562         if (int128_lt(base, view->ranges[i].addr.start)) {
 563             now = int128_min(remain,
 564                              int128_sub(view->ranges[i].addr.start, base));
 565             fr.offset_in_region = offset_in_region;
 566             fr.addr = addrrange_make(base, now);
 567             flatview_insert(view, i, &fr);
 568             ++i;
 569             int128_addto(&base, now);
 570             offset_in_region += int128_get64(now);
 571             int128_subfrom(&remain, now);
 572         }
 573         now = int128_sub(int128_min(int128_add(base, remain),
 574                                     addrrange_end(view->ranges[i].addr)),
 575                          base);
 576         int128_addto(&base, now);
 577         offset_in_region += int128_get64(now);
 578         int128_subfrom(&remain, now);
 579     }
 580     if (int128_nz(remain)) {
 581         fr.offset_in_region = offset_in_region;
 582         fr.addr = addrrange_make(base, remain);
 583         flatview_insert(view, i, &fr);
 584     }
 585 }
 586
 587 /* Render a memory topology into a list of disjoint absolute ranges. */
 588 static FlatView *generate_memory_topology(MemoryRegion *mr)
 589 {
 590     FlatView *view;
 591
 592     view = g_new(FlatView, 1);
 593     flatview_init(view);
 594
 595     if (mr) {
 596         render_memory_region(view, mr, int128_zero(),
 597                              addrrange_make(int128_zero(), int128_2_64()), false);
 598     }
 599     flatview_simplify(view);
 600
 601     return view;
 602 }
 603
 604 static void address_space_add_del_ioeventfds(AddressSpace *as,
 605                                              MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fds_new,
 606                                              unsigned fds_new_nb,
 607                                              MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fds_old,
 608                                              unsigned fds_old_nb)
 609 {
 610     unsigned iold, inew;
 611     MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fd;
 612     MemoryRegionSection section;
 613
 614     /* Generate a symmetric difference of the old and new fd sets, adding
 615      * and deleting as necessary.
 616      */
 617
 618     iold = inew = 0;
 619     while (iold < fds_old_nb || inew < fds_new_nb) {
 620         if (iold < fds_old_nb
 621             && (inew == fds_new_nb
 622                 || memory_region_ioeventfd_before(fds_old[iold],
 623                                                   fds_new[inew]))) {
 624             fd = &fds_old[iold];
 625             section = (MemoryRegionSection) {
 626                 .address_space = as,
 627                 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fd->addr.start),
 628                 .size = fd->addr.size,
 629             };
 630             MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(eventfd_del, Forward, &section,
 631                                  fd->match_data, fd->data, fd->e);
 632             ++iold;
 633         } else if (inew < fds_new_nb
 634                    && (iold == fds_old_nb
 635                        || memory_region_ioeventfd_before(fds_new[inew],
 636                                                          fds_old[iold]))) {
 637             fd = &fds_new[inew];
 638             section = (MemoryRegionSection) {
 639                 .address_space = as,
 640                 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fd->addr.start),
 641                 .size = fd->addr.size,
 642             };
 643             MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(eventfd_add, Reverse, &section,
 644                                  fd->match_data, fd->data, fd->e);
 645             ++inew;
 646         } else {
 647             ++iold;
 648             ++inew;
 649         }
 650     }
 651 }
 652
 653 static FlatView *address_space_get_flatview(AddressSpace *as)
 654 {
 655     FlatView *view;
 656
 657     qemu_mutex_lock(&flat_view_mutex);
 658     view = as->current_map;
 659     flatview_ref(view);
 660     qemu_mutex_unlock(&flat_view_mutex);
 661     return view;
 662 }
 663
 664 static void address_space_update_ioeventfds(AddressSpace *as)
 665 {
 666     FlatView *view;
 667     FlatRange *fr;
 668     unsigned ioeventfd_nb = 0;
 669     MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds = NULL;
 670     AddrRange tmp;
 671     unsigned i;
 672
 673     view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
 674     FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
 675         for (i = 0; i < fr->mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) {
 676             tmp = addrrange_shift(fr->mr->ioeventfds[i].addr,
 677                                   int128_sub(fr->addr.start,
 678                                              int128_make64(fr->offset_in_region)));
 679             if (addrrange_intersects(fr->addr, tmp)) {
 680                 ++ioeventfd_nb;
 681                 ioeventfds = g_realloc(ioeventfds,
 682                                           ioeventfd_nb * sizeof(*ioeventfds));
 683                 ioeventfds[ioeventfd_nb-1] = fr->mr->ioeventfds[i];
 684                 ioeventfds[ioeventfd_nb-1].addr = tmp;
 685             }
 686         }
 687     }
 688
 689     address_space_add_del_ioeventfds(as, ioeventfds, ioeventfd_nb,
 690                                      as->ioeventfds, as->ioeventfd_nb);
 691
 692     g_free(as->ioeventfds);
 693     as->ioeventfds = ioeventfds;
 694     as->ioeventfd_nb = ioeventfd_nb;
 695     flatview_unref(view);
 696 }
 697
 698 static void address_space_update_topology_pass(AddressSpace *as,
 699                                                const FlatView *old_view,
 700                                                const FlatView *new_view,
 701                                                bool adding)
 702 {
 703     unsigned iold, inew;
 704     FlatRange *frold, *frnew;
 705
 706     /* Generate a symmetric difference of the old and new memory maps.
 707      * Kill ranges in the old map, and instantiate ranges in the new map.
 708      */
 709     iold = inew = 0;
 710     while (iold < old_view->nr || inew < new_view->nr) {
 711         if (iold < old_view->nr) {
 712             frold = &old_view->ranges[iold];
 713         } else {
 714             frold = NULL;
 715         }
 716         if (inew < new_view->nr) {
 717             frnew = &new_view->ranges[inew];
 718         } else {
 719             frnew = NULL;
 720         }
 721
 722         if (frold
 723             && (!frnew
 724                 || int128_lt(frold->addr.start, frnew->addr.start)
 725                 || (int128_eq(frold->addr.start, frnew->addr.start)
 726                     && !flatrange_equal(frold, frnew)))) {
 727             /* In old but not in new, or in both but attributes changed. */
 728
 729             if (!adding) {
 730                 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frold, as, Reverse, region_del);
 731             }
 732
 733             ++iold;
 734         } else if (frold && frnew && flatrange_equal(frold, frnew)) {
 735             /* In both and unchanged (except logging may have changed) */
 736
 737             if (adding) {
 738                 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, region_nop);
 739                 if (frold->dirty_log_mask && !frnew->dirty_log_mask) {
 740                     MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Reverse, log_stop);
 741                 } else if (frnew->dirty_log_mask && !frold->dirty_log_mask) {
 742                     MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, log_start);
 743                 }
 744             }
 745
 746             ++iold;
 747             ++inew;
 748         } else {
 749             /* In new */
 750
 751             if (adding) {
 752                 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, region_add);
 753             }
 754
 755             ++inew;
 756         }
 757     }
 758 }
 759
 760
 761 static void address_space_update_topology(AddressSpace *as)
 762 {
 763     FlatView *old_view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
 764     FlatView *new_view = generate_memory_topology(as->root);
 765
 766     address_space_update_topology_pass(as, old_view, new_view, false);
 767     address_space_update_topology_pass(as, old_view, new_view, true);
 768
 769     qemu_mutex_lock(&flat_view_mutex);
 770     flatview_unref(as->current_map);
 771     as->current_map = new_view;
 772     qemu_mutex_unlock(&flat_view_mutex);
 773
 774     /* Note that all the old MemoryRegions are still alive up to this
 775      * point.  This relieves most MemoryListeners from the need to
 776      * ref/unref the MemoryRegions they get---unless they use them
 777      * outside the iothread mutex, in which case precise reference
 778      * counting is necessary.
 779      */
 780     flatview_unref(old_view);
 781
 782     address_space_update_ioeventfds(as);
 783 }
 784
 785 void memory_region_transaction_begin(void)
 786 {
 787     qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
 788     ++memory_region_transaction_depth;
 789 }
 790
 791 static void memory_region_clear_pending(void)
 792 {
 793     memory_region_update_pending = false;
 794     ioeventfd_update_pending = false;
 795 }
 796
 797 void memory_region_transaction_commit(void)
 798 {
 799     AddressSpace *as;
 800
 801     assert(memory_region_transaction_depth);
 802     --memory_region_transaction_depth;
 803     if (!memory_region_transaction_depth) {
 804         if (memory_region_update_pending) {
 805             MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(begin, Forward);
 806
 807             QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
 808                 address_space_update_topology(as);
 809             }
 810
 811             MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(commit, Forward);
 812         } else if (ioeventfd_update_pending) {
 813             QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
 814                 address_space_update_ioeventfds(as);
 815             }
 816         }
 817         memory_region_clear_pending();
 818    }
 819 }
 820
 821 static void memory_region_destructor_none(MemoryRegion *mr)
 822 {
 823 }
 824
 825 static void memory_region_destructor_ram(MemoryRegion *mr)
 826 {
 827     qemu_ram_free(mr->ram_addr);
 828 }
 829
 830 static void memory_region_destructor_alias(MemoryRegion *mr)
 831 {
 832     memory_region_unref(mr->alias);
 833 }
 834
 835 static void memory_region_destructor_ram_from_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr)
 836 {
 837     qemu_ram_free_from_ptr(mr->ram_addr);
 838 }
 839
 840 static void memory_region_destructor_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr)
 841 {
 842     qemu_ram_free(mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
 843 }
 844
 845 static bool memory_region_need_escape(char c)
 846 {
 847     return c == '/' || c == '[' || c == '\\' || c == ']';
 848 }
 849
 850 static char *memory_region_escape_name(const char *name)
 851 {
 852     const char *p;
 853     char *escaped, *q;
 854     uint8_t c;
 855     size_t bytes = 0;
 856
 857     for (p = name; *p; p++) {
 858         bytes += memory_region_need_escape(*p) ? 4 : 1;
 859     }
 860     if (bytes == p - name) {
 861        return g_memdup(name, bytes + 1);
 862     }
 863
 864     escaped = g_malloc(bytes + 1);
 865     for (p = name, q = escaped; *p; p++) {
 866         c = *p;
 867         if (unlikely(memory_region_need_escape(c))) {
 868             *q++ = '\\';
 869             *q++ = 'x';
 870             *q++ = "0123456789abcdef"[c >> 4];
 871             c = "0123456789abcdef"[c & 15];
 872         }
 873         *q++ = c;
 874     }
 875     *q = 0;
 876     return escaped;
 877 }
 878
 879 static void object_property_add_child_array(Object *owner,
 880                                             const char *name,
 881                                             Object *child)
 882 {
 883     int i;
 884     char *base_name = memory_region_escape_name(name);
 885
 886     for (i = 0; ; i++) {
 887         char *full_name = g_strdup_printf("%s[%d]", base_name, i);
 888         Error *local_err = NULL;
 889
 890         object_property_add_child(owner, full_name, child, &local_err);
 891         g_free(full_name);
 892         if (!local_err) {
 893             break;
 894         }
 895
 896         error_free(local_err);
 897     }
 898
 899     g_free(base_name);
 900 }
 901
 902
 903 void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion *mr,
 904                         Object *owner,
 905                         const char *name,
 906                         uint64_t size)
 907 {
 908     if (!owner) {
 909         owner = qdev_get_machine();
 910     }
 911
 912     object_initialize(mr, sizeof(*mr), TYPE_MEMORY_REGION);
 913     mr->size = int128_make64(size);
 914     if (size == UINT64_MAX) {
 915         mr->size = int128_2_64();
 916     }
 917     mr->name = g_strdup(name);
 918
 919     if (name) {
 920         object_property_add_child_array(owner, name, OBJECT(mr));
 921         object_unref(OBJECT(mr));
 922     }
 923 }
 924
 925 static void memory_region_get_addr(Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque,
 926                                    const char *name, Error **errp)
 927 {
 928     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 929     uint64_t value = mr->addr;
 930
 931     visit_type_uint64(v, &value, name, errp);
 932 }
 933
 934 static void memory_region_get_container(Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque,
 935                                         const char *name, Error **errp)
 936 {
 937     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 938     gchar *path = (gchar *)"";
 939
 940     if (mr->container) {
 941         path = object_get_canonical_path(OBJECT(mr->container));
 942     }
 943     visit_type_str(v, &path, name, errp);
 944     if (mr->container) {
 945         g_free(path);
 946     }
 947 }
 948
 949 static Object *memory_region_resolve_container(Object *obj, void *opaque,
 950                                                const char *part)
 951 {
 952     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 953
 954     return OBJECT(mr->container);
 955 }
 956
 957 static void memory_region_get_priority(Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque,
 958                                        const char *name, Error **errp)
 959 {
 960     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 961     int32_t value = mr->priority;
 962
 963     visit_type_int32(v, &value, name, errp);
 964 }
 965
 966 static bool memory_region_get_may_overlap(Object *obj, Error **errp)
 967 {
 968     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 969
 970     return mr->may_overlap;
 971 }
 972
 973 static void memory_region_get_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque,
 974                                    const char *name, Error **errp)
 975 {
 976     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 977     uint64_t value = memory_region_size(mr);
 978
 979     visit_type_uint64(v, &value, name, errp);
 980 }
 981
 982 static void memory_region_initfn(Object *obj)
 983 {
 984     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
 985     ObjectProperty *op;
 986
 987     mr->ops = &unassigned_mem_ops;
 988     mr->enabled = true;
 989     mr->romd_mode = true;
 990     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_none;
 991     QTAILQ_INIT(&mr->subregions);
 992     QTAILQ_INIT(&mr->coalesced);
 993
 994     op = object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "container",
 995                              "link<" TYPE_MEMORY_REGION ">",
 996                              memory_region_get_container,
 997                              NULL, /* memory_region_set_container */
 998                              NULL, NULL, &error_abort);
 999     op->resolve = memory_region_resolve_container;
1000
1001     object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "addr", "uint64",
1002                         memory_region_get_addr,
1003                         NULL, /* memory_region_set_addr */
1004                         NULL, NULL, &error_abort);
1005     object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "priority", "uint32",
1006                         memory_region_get_priority,
1007                         NULL, /* memory_region_set_priority */
1008                         NULL, NULL, &error_abort);
1009     object_property_add_bool(OBJECT(mr), "may-overlap",
1010                              memory_region_get_may_overlap,
1011                              NULL, /* memory_region_set_may_overlap */
1012                              &error_abort);
1013     object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "size", "uint64",
1014                         memory_region_get_size,
1015                         NULL, /* memory_region_set_size, */
1016                         NULL, NULL, &error_abort);
1017 }
1018
1019 static uint64_t unassigned_mem_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1020                                     unsigned size)
1021 {
1022 #ifdef DEBUG_UNASSIGNED
1023     printf("Unassigned mem read " TARGET_FMT_plx "\n", addr);
1024 #endif
1025     if (current_cpu != NULL) {
1026         cpu_unassigned_access(current_cpu, addr, false, false, 0, size);
1027     }
1028     return 0;
1029 }
1030
1031 static void unassigned_mem_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1032                                  uint64_t val, unsigned size)
1033 {
1034 #ifdef DEBUG_UNASSIGNED
1035     printf("Unassigned mem write " TARGET_FMT_plx " = 0x%"PRIx64"\n", addr, val);
1036 #endif
1037     if (current_cpu != NULL) {
1038         cpu_unassigned_access(current_cpu, addr, true, false, 0, size);
1039     }
1040 }
1041
1042 static bool unassigned_mem_accepts(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
1043                                    unsigned size, bool is_write)
1044 {
1045     return false;
1046 }
1047
1048 const MemoryRegionOps unassigned_mem_ops = {
1049     .valid.accepts = unassigned_mem_accepts,
1050     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1051 };
1052
1053 bool memory_region_access_valid(MemoryRegion *mr,
1054                                 hwaddr addr,
1055                                 unsigned size,
1056                                 bool is_write)
1057 {
1058     int access_size_min, access_size_max;
1059     int access_size, i;
1060
1061     if (!mr->ops->valid.unaligned && (addr & (size - 1))) {
1062         return false;
1063     }
1064
1065     if (!mr->ops->valid.accepts) {
1066         return true;
1067     }
1068
1069     access_size_min = mr->ops->valid.min_access_size;
1070     if (!mr->ops->valid.min_access_size) {
1071         access_size_min = 1;
1072     }
1073
1074     access_size_max = mr->ops->valid.max_access_size;
1075     if (!mr->ops->valid.max_access_size) {
1076         access_size_max = 4;
1077     }
1078
1079     access_size = MAX(MIN(size, access_size_max), access_size_min);
1080     for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) {
1081         if (!mr->ops->valid.accepts(mr->opaque, addr + i, access_size,
1082                                     is_write)) {
1083             return false;
1084         }
1085     }
1086
1087     return true;
1088 }
1089
1090 static uint64_t memory_region_dispatch_read1(MemoryRegion *mr,
1091                                              hwaddr addr,
1092                                              unsigned size)
1093 {
1094     uint64_t data = 0;
1095
1096     if (mr->ops->read) {
1097         access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size,
1098                                   mr->ops->impl.min_access_size,
1099                                   mr->ops->impl.max_access_size,
1100                                   memory_region_read_accessor, mr);
1101     } else {
1102         access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, 1, 4,
1103                                   memory_region_oldmmio_read_accessor, mr);
1104     }
1105
1106     return data;
1107 }
1108
1109 static bool memory_region_dispatch_read(MemoryRegion *mr,
1110                                         hwaddr addr,
1111                                         uint64_t *pval,
1112                                         unsigned size)
1113 {
1114     if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, addr, size, false)) {
1115         *pval = unassigned_mem_read(mr, addr, size);
1116         return true;
1117     }
1118
1119     *pval = memory_region_dispatch_read1(mr, addr, size);
1120     adjust_endianness(mr, pval, size);
1121     return false;
1122 }
1123
1124 static bool memory_region_dispatch_write(MemoryRegion *mr,
1125                                          hwaddr addr,
1126                                          uint64_t data,
1127                                          unsigned size)
1128 {
1129     if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, addr, size, true)) {
1130         unassigned_mem_write(mr, addr, data, size);
1131         return true;
1132     }
1133
1134     adjust_endianness(mr, &data, size);
1135
1136     if (mr->ops->write) {
1137         access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size,
1138                                   mr->ops->impl.min_access_size,
1139                                   mr->ops->impl.max_access_size,
1140                                   memory_region_write_accessor, mr);
1141     } else {
1142         access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, 1, 4,
1143                                   memory_region_oldmmio_write_accessor, mr);
1144     }
1145     return false;
1146 }
1147
1148 void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
1149                            Object *owner,
1150                            const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
1151                            void *opaque,
1152                            const char *name,
1153                            uint64_t size)
1154 {
1155     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1156     mr->ops = ops;
1157     mr->opaque = opaque;
1158     mr->terminates = true;
1159     mr->ram_addr = ~(ram_addr_t)0;
1160 }
1161
1162 void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
1163                             Object *owner,
1164                             const char *name,
1165                             uint64_t size)
1166 {
1167     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1168     mr->ram = true;
1169     mr->terminates = true;
1170     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
1171     mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr);
1172 }
1173
1174 #ifdef __linux__
1175 void memory_region_init_ram_from_file(MemoryRegion *mr,
1176                                       struct Object *owner,
1177                                       const char *name,
1178                                       uint64_t size,
1179                                       bool share,
1180                                       const char *path,
1181                                       Error **errp)
1182 {
1183     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1184     mr->ram = true;
1185     mr->terminates = true;
1186     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
1187     mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc_from_file(size, mr, share, path, errp);
1188 }
1189 #endif
1190
1191 void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
1192                                 Object *owner,
1193                                 const char *name,
1194                                 uint64_t size,
1195                                 void *ptr)
1196 {
1197     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1198     mr->ram = true;
1199     mr->terminates = true;
1200     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram_from_ptr;
1201     mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr);
1202 }
1203
1204 void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
1205                               Object *owner,
1206                               const char *name,
1207                               MemoryRegion *orig,
1208                               hwaddr offset,
1209                               uint64_t size)
1210 {
1211     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1212     memory_region_ref(orig);
1213     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_alias;
1214     mr->alias = orig;
1215     mr->alias_offset = offset;
1216 }
1217
1218 void memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr,
1219                                    Object *owner,
1220                                    const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
1221                                    void *opaque,
1222                                    const char *name,
1223                                    uint64_t size)
1224 {
1225     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1226     mr->ops = ops;
1227     mr->opaque = opaque;
1228     mr->terminates = true;
1229     mr->rom_device = true;
1230     mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_rom_device;
1231     mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr);
1232 }
1233
1234 void memory_region_init_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr,
1235                               Object *owner,
1236                               const MemoryRegionIOMMUOps *ops,
1237                               const char *name,
1238                               uint64_t size)
1239 {
1240     memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1241     mr->iommu_ops = ops,
1242     mr->terminates = true;  /* then re-forwards */
1243     notifier_list_init(&mr->iommu_notify);
1244 }
1245
1246 void memory_region_init_reservation(MemoryRegion *mr,
1247                                     Object *owner,
1248                                     const char *name,
1249                                     uint64_t size)
1250 {
1251     memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, &unassigned_mem_ops, mr, name, size);
1252 }
1253
1254 static void memory_region_finalize(Object *obj)
1255 {
1256     MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(obj);
1257
1258     assert(QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->subregions));
1259     assert(memory_region_transaction_depth == 0);
1260     mr->destructor(mr);
1261     memory_region_clear_coalescing(mr);
1262     g_free((char *)mr->name);
1263     g_free(mr->ioeventfds);
1264 }
1265
1266 Object *memory_region_owner(MemoryRegion *mr)
1267 {
1268     Object *obj = OBJECT(mr);
1269     return obj->parent;
1270 }
1271
1272 void memory_region_ref(MemoryRegion *mr)
1273 {
1274     /* MMIO callbacks most likely will access data that belongs
1275      * to the owner, hence the need to ref/unref the owner whenever
1276      * the memory region is in use.
1277      *
1278      * The memory region is a child of its owner.  As long as the
1279      * owner doesn't call unparent itself on the memory region,
1280      * ref-ing the owner will also keep the memory region alive.
1281      * Memory regions without an owner are supposed to never go away,
1282      * but we still ref/unref them for debugging purposes.
1283      */
1284     Object *obj = OBJECT(mr);
1285     if (obj && obj->parent) {
1286         object_ref(obj->parent);
1287     } else {
1288         object_ref(obj);
1289     }
1290 }
1291
1292 void memory_region_unref(MemoryRegion *mr)
1293 {
1294     Object *obj = OBJECT(mr);
1295     if (obj && obj->parent) {
1296         object_unref(obj->parent);
1297     } else {
1298         object_unref(obj);
1299     }
1300 }
1301
1302 uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr)
1303 {
1304     if (int128_eq(mr->size, int128_2_64())) {
1305         return UINT64_MAX;
1306     }
1307     return int128_get64(mr->size);
1308 }
1309
1310 const char *memory_region_name(const MemoryRegion *mr)
1311 {
1312     return mr->name;
1313 }
1314
1315 bool memory_region_is_ram(MemoryRegion *mr)
1316 {
1317     return mr->ram;
1318 }
1319
1320 bool memory_region_is_logging(MemoryRegion *mr)
1321 {
1322     return mr->dirty_log_mask;
1323 }
1324
1325 bool memory_region_is_rom(MemoryRegion *mr)
1326 {
1327     return mr->ram && mr->readonly;
1328 }
1329
1330 bool memory_region_is_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr)
1331 {
1332     return mr->iommu_ops;
1333 }
1334
1335 void memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(MemoryRegion *mr, Notifier *n)
1336 {
1337     notifier_list_add(&mr->iommu_notify, n);
1338 }
1339
1340 void memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(Notifier *n)
1341 {
1342     notifier_remove(n);
1343 }
1344
1345 void memory_region_notify_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr,
1346                                 IOMMUTLBEntry entry)
1347 {
1348     assert(memory_region_is_iommu(mr));
1349     notifier_list_notify(&mr->iommu_notify, &entry);
1350 }
1351
1352 void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion *mr, bool log, unsigned client)
1353 {
1354     uint8_t mask = 1 << client;
1355
1356     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1357     mr->dirty_log_mask = (mr->dirty_log_mask & ~mask) | (log * mask);
1358     memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1359     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1360 }
1361
1362 bool memory_region_get_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1363                              hwaddr size, unsigned client)
1364 {
1365     assert(mr->terminates);
1366     return cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1367 }
1368
1369 void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1370                              hwaddr size)
1371 {
1372     assert(mr->terminates);
1373     cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range(mr->ram_addr + addr, size);
1374 }
1375
1376 bool memory_region_test_and_clear_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1377                                         hwaddr size, unsigned client)
1378 {
1379     bool ret;
1380     assert(mr->terminates);
1381     ret = cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1382     if (ret) {
1383         cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1384     }
1385     return ret;
1386 }
1387
1388
1389 void memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *mr)
1390 {
1391     AddressSpace *as;
1392     FlatRange *fr;
1393
1394     QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1395         FlatView *view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1396         FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1397             if (fr->mr == mr) {
1398                 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, Forward, log_sync);
1399             }
1400         }
1401         flatview_unref(view);
1402     }
1403 }
1404
1405 void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly)
1406 {
1407     if (mr->readonly != readonly) {
1408         memory_region_transaction_begin();
1409         mr->readonly = readonly;
1410         memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1411         memory_region_transaction_commit();
1412     }
1413 }
1414
1415 void memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(MemoryRegion *mr, bool romd_mode)
1416 {
1417     if (mr->romd_mode != romd_mode) {
1418         memory_region_transaction_begin();
1419         mr->romd_mode = romd_mode;
1420         memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1421         memory_region_transaction_commit();
1422     }
1423 }
1424
1425 void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1426                                hwaddr size, unsigned client)
1427 {
1428     assert(mr->terminates);
1429     cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1430 }
1431
1432 int memory_region_get_fd(MemoryRegion *mr)
1433 {
1434     if (mr->alias) {
1435         return memory_region_get_fd(mr->alias);
1436     }
1437
1438     assert(mr->terminates);
1439
1440     return qemu_get_ram_fd(mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
1441 }
1442
1443 void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr)
1444 {
1445     if (mr->alias) {
1446         return memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mr->alias) + mr->alias_offset;
1447     }
1448
1449     assert(mr->terminates);
1450
1451     return qemu_get_ram_ptr(mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
1452 }
1453
1454 static void memory_region_update_coalesced_range_as(MemoryRegion *mr, AddressSpace *as)
1455 {
1456     FlatView *view;
1457     FlatRange *fr;
1458     CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr;
1459     AddrRange tmp;
1460     MemoryRegionSection section;
1461
1462     view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1463     FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1464         if (fr->mr == mr) {
1465             section = (MemoryRegionSection) {
1466                 .address_space = as,
1467                 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fr->addr.start),
1468                 .size = fr->addr.size,
1469             };
1470
1471             MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(coalesced_mmio_del, Reverse, &section,
1472                                  int128_get64(fr->addr.start),
1473                                  int128_get64(fr->addr.size));
1474             QTAILQ_FOREACH(cmr, &mr->coalesced, link) {
1475                 tmp = addrrange_shift(cmr->addr,
1476                                       int128_sub(fr->addr.start,
1477                                                  int128_make64(fr->offset_in_region)));
1478                 if (!addrrange_intersects(tmp, fr->addr)) {
1479                     continue;
1480                 }
1481                 tmp = addrrange_intersection(tmp, fr->addr);
1482                 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(coalesced_mmio_add, Forward, &section,
1483                                      int128_get64(tmp.start),
1484                                      int128_get64(tmp.size));
1485             }
1486         }
1487     }
1488     flatview_unref(view);
1489 }
1490
1491 static void memory_region_update_coalesced_range(MemoryRegion *mr)
1492 {
1493     AddressSpace *as;
1494
1495     QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1496         memory_region_update_coalesced_range_as(mr, as);
1497     }
1498 }
1499
1500 void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr)
1501 {
1502     memory_region_clear_coalescing(mr);
1503     memory_region_add_coalescing(mr, 0, int128_get64(mr->size));
1504 }
1505
1506 void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr,
1507                                   hwaddr offset,
1508                                   uint64_t size)
1509 {
1510     CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr = g_malloc(sizeof(*cmr));
1511
1512     cmr->addr = addrrange_make(int128_make64(offset), int128_make64(size));
1513     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mr->coalesced, cmr, link);
1514     memory_region_update_coalesced_range(mr);
1515     memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(mr);
1516 }
1517
1518 void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr)
1519 {
1520     CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr;
1521     bool updated = false;
1522
1523     qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
1524     mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = false;
1525
1526     while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->coalesced)) {
1527         cmr = QTAILQ_FIRST(&mr->coalesced);
1528         QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mr->coalesced, cmr, link);
1529         g_free(cmr);
1530         updated = true;
1531     }
1532
1533     if (updated) {
1534         memory_region_update_coalesced_range(mr);
1535     }
1536 }
1537
1538 void memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr)
1539 {
1540     mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = true;
1541 }
1542
1543 void memory_region_clear_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr)
1544 {
1545     qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
1546     if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->coalesced)) {
1547         mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = false;
1548     }
1549 }
1550
1551 void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
1552                                hwaddr addr,
1553                                unsigned size,
1554                                bool match_data,
1555                                uint64_t data,
1556                                EventNotifier *e)
1557 {
1558     MemoryRegionIoeventfd mrfd = {
1559         .addr.start = int128_make64(addr),
1560         .addr.size = int128_make64(size),
1561         .match_data = match_data,
1562         .data = data,
1563         .e = e,
1564     };
1565     unsigned i;
1566
1567     adjust_endianness(mr, &mrfd.data, size);
1568     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1569     for (i = 0; i < mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) {
1570         if (memory_region_ioeventfd_before(mrfd, mr->ioeventfds[i])) {
1571             break;
1572         }
1573     }
1574     ++mr->ioeventfd_nb;
1575     mr->ioeventfds = g_realloc(mr->ioeventfds,
1576                                   sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * mr->ioeventfd_nb);
1577     memmove(&mr->ioeventfds[i+1], &mr->ioeventfds[i],
1578             sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * (mr->ioeventfd_nb-1 - i));
1579     mr->ioeventfds[i] = mrfd;
1580     ioeventfd_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1581     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1582 }
1583
1584 void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
1585                                hwaddr addr,
1586                                unsigned size,
1587                                bool match_data,
1588                                uint64_t data,
1589                                EventNotifier *e)
1590 {
1591     MemoryRegionIoeventfd mrfd = {
1592         .addr.start = int128_make64(addr),
1593         .addr.size = int128_make64(size),
1594         .match_data = match_data,
1595         .data = data,
1596         .e = e,
1597     };
1598     unsigned i;
1599
1600     adjust_endianness(mr, &mrfd.data, size);
1601     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1602     for (i = 0; i < mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) {
1603         if (memory_region_ioeventfd_equal(mrfd, mr->ioeventfds[i])) {
1604             break;
1605         }
1606     }
1607     assert(i != mr->ioeventfd_nb);
1608     memmove(&mr->ioeventfds[i], &mr->ioeventfds[i+1],
1609             sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * (mr->ioeventfd_nb - (i+1)));
1610     --mr->ioeventfd_nb;
1611     mr->ioeventfds = g_realloc(mr->ioeventfds,
1612                                   sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds)*mr->ioeventfd_nb + 1);
1613     ioeventfd_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1614     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1615 }
1616
1617 static void memory_region_update_container_subregions(MemoryRegion *subregion)
1618 {
1619     hwaddr offset = subregion->addr;
1620     MemoryRegion *mr = subregion->container;
1621     MemoryRegion *other;
1622
1623     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1624
1625     memory_region_ref(subregion);
1626     QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
1627         if (subregion->may_overlap || other->may_overlap) {
1628             continue;
1629         }
1630         if (int128_ge(int128_make64(offset),
1631                       int128_add(int128_make64(other->addr), other->size))
1632             || int128_le(int128_add(int128_make64(offset), subregion->size),
1633                          int128_make64(other->addr))) {
1634             continue;
1635         }
1636 #if 0
1637         printf("warning: subregion collision %llx/%llx (%s) "
1638                "vs %llx/%llx (%s)\n",
1639                (unsigned long long)offset,
1640                (unsigned long long)int128_get64(subregion->size),
1641                subregion->name,
1642                (unsigned long long)other->addr,
1643                (unsigned long long)int128_get64(other->size),
1644                other->name);
1645 #endif
1646     }
1647     QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
1648         if (subregion->priority >= other->priority) {
1649             QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(other, subregion, subregions_link);
1650             goto done;
1651         }
1652     }
1653     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mr->subregions, subregion, subregions_link);
1654 done:
1655     memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled && subregion->enabled;
1656     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1657 }
1658
1659 static void memory_region_add_subregion_common(MemoryRegion *mr,
1660                                                hwaddr offset,
1661                                                MemoryRegion *subregion)
1662 {
1663     assert(!subregion->container);
1664     subregion->container = mr;
1665     subregion->addr = offset;
1666     memory_region_update_container_subregions(subregion);
1667 }
1668
1669 void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
1670                                  hwaddr offset,
1671                                  MemoryRegion *subregion)
1672 {
1673     subregion->may_overlap = false;
1674     subregion->priority = 0;
1675     memory_region_add_subregion_common(mr, offset, subregion);
1676 }
1677
1678 void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr,
1679                                          hwaddr offset,
1680                                          MemoryRegion *subregion,
1681                                          int priority)
1682 {
1683     subregion->may_overlap = true;
1684     subregion->priority = priority;
1685     memory_region_add_subregion_common(mr, offset, subregion);
1686 }
1687
1688 void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
1689                                  MemoryRegion *subregion)
1690 {
1691     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1692     assert(subregion->container == mr);
1693     subregion->container = NULL;
1694     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mr->subregions, subregion, subregions_link);
1695     memory_region_unref(subregion);
1696     memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled && subregion->enabled;
1697     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1698 }
1699
1700 void memory_region_set_enabled(MemoryRegion *mr, bool enabled)
1701 {
1702     if (enabled == mr->enabled) {
1703         return;
1704     }
1705     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1706     mr->enabled = enabled;
1707     memory_region_update_pending = true;
1708     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1709 }
1710
1711 static void memory_region_readd_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr)
1712 {
1713     MemoryRegion *container = mr->container;
1714
1715     if (container) {
1716         memory_region_transaction_begin();
1717         memory_region_ref(mr);
1718         memory_region_del_subregion(container, mr);
1719         mr->container = container;
1720         memory_region_update_container_subregions(mr);
1721         memory_region_unref(mr);
1722         memory_region_transaction_commit();
1723     }
1724 }
1725
1726 void memory_region_set_address(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr)
1727 {
1728     if (addr != mr->addr) {
1729         mr->addr = addr;
1730         memory_region_readd_subregion(mr);
1731     }
1732 }
1733
1734 void memory_region_set_alias_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr offset)
1735 {
1736     assert(mr->alias);
1737
1738     if (offset == mr->alias_offset) {
1739         return;
1740     }
1741
1742     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1743     mr->alias_offset = offset;
1744     memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1745     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1746 }
1747
1748 ram_addr_t memory_region_get_ram_addr(MemoryRegion *mr)
1749 {
1750     return mr->ram_addr;
1751 }
1752
1753 static int cmp_flatrange_addr(const void *addr_, const void *fr_)
1754 {
1755     const AddrRange *addr = addr_;
1756     const FlatRange *fr = fr_;
1757
1758     if (int128_le(addrrange_end(*addr), fr->addr.start)) {
1759         return -1;
1760     } else if (int128_ge(addr->start, addrrange_end(fr->addr))) {
1761         return 1;
1762     }
1763     return 0;
1764 }
1765
1766 static FlatRange *flatview_lookup(FlatView *view, AddrRange addr)
1767 {
1768     return bsearch(&addr, view->ranges, view->nr,
1769                    sizeof(FlatRange), cmp_flatrange_addr);
1770 }
1771
1772 bool memory_region_present(MemoryRegion *container, hwaddr addr)
1773 {
1774     MemoryRegion *mr = memory_region_find(container, addr, 1).mr;
1775     if (!mr || (mr == container)) {
1776         return false;
1777     }
1778     memory_region_unref(mr);
1779     return true;
1780 }
1781
1782 bool memory_region_is_mapped(MemoryRegion *mr)
1783 {
1784     return mr->container ? true : false;
1785 }
1786
1787 MemoryRegionSection memory_region_find(MemoryRegion *mr,
1788                                        hwaddr addr, uint64_t size)
1789 {
1790     MemoryRegionSection ret = { .mr = NULL };
1791     MemoryRegion *root;
1792     AddressSpace *as;
1793     AddrRange range;
1794     FlatView *view;
1795     FlatRange *fr;
1796
1797     addr += mr->addr;
1798     for (root = mr; root->container; ) {
1799         root = root->container;
1800         addr += root->addr;
1801     }
1802
1803     as = memory_region_to_address_space(root);
1804     if (!as) {
1805         return ret;
1806     }
1807     range = addrrange_make(int128_make64(addr), int128_make64(size));
1808
1809     view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1810     fr = flatview_lookup(view, range);
1811     if (!fr) {
1812         flatview_unref(view);
1813         return ret;
1814     }
1815
1816     while (fr > view->ranges && addrrange_intersects(fr[-1].addr, range)) {
1817         --fr;
1818     }
1819
1820     ret.mr = fr->mr;
1821     ret.address_space = as;
1822     range = addrrange_intersection(range, fr->addr);
1823     ret.offset_within_region = fr->offset_in_region;
1824     ret.offset_within_region += int128_get64(int128_sub(range.start,
1825                                                         fr->addr.start));
1826     ret.size = range.size;
1827     ret.offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(range.start);
1828     ret.readonly = fr->readonly;
1829     memory_region_ref(ret.mr);
1830
1831     flatview_unref(view);
1832     return ret;
1833 }
1834
1835 void address_space_sync_dirty_bitmap(AddressSpace *as)
1836 {
1837     FlatView *view;
1838     FlatRange *fr;
1839
1840     view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1841     FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1842         MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, Forward, log_sync);
1843     }
1844     flatview_unref(view);
1845 }
1846
1847 void memory_global_dirty_log_start(void)
1848 {
1849     global_dirty_log = true;
1850     MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(log_global_start, Forward);
1851 }
1852
1853 void memory_global_dirty_log_stop(void)
1854 {
1855     global_dirty_log = false;
1856     MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(log_global_stop, Reverse);
1857 }
1858
1859 static void listener_add_address_space(MemoryListener *listener,
1860                                        AddressSpace *as)
1861 {
1862     FlatView *view;
1863     FlatRange *fr;
1864
1865     if (listener->address_space_filter
1866         && listener->address_space_filter != as) {
1867         return;
1868     }
1869
1870     if (global_dirty_log) {
1871         if (listener->log_global_start) {
1872             listener->log_global_start(listener);
1873         }
1874     }
1875
1876     view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1877     FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1878         MemoryRegionSection section = {
1879             .mr = fr->mr,
1880             .address_space = as,
1881             .offset_within_region = fr->offset_in_region,
1882             .size = fr->addr.size,
1883             .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fr->addr.start),
1884             .readonly = fr->readonly,
1885         };
1886         if (listener->region_add) {
1887             listener->region_add(listener, &section);
1888         }
1889     }
1890     flatview_unref(view);
1891 }
1892
1893 void memory_listener_register(MemoryListener *listener, AddressSpace *filter)
1894 {
1895     MemoryListener *other = NULL;
1896     AddressSpace *as;
1897
1898     listener->address_space_filter = filter;
1899     if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&memory_listeners)
1900         || listener->priority >= QTAILQ_LAST(&memory_listeners,
1901                                              memory_listeners)->priority) {
1902         QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&memory_listeners, listener, link);
1903     } else {
1904         QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &memory_listeners, link) {
1905             if (listener->priority < other->priority) {
1906                 break;
1907             }
1908         }
1909         QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(other, listener, link);
1910     }
1911
1912     QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1913         listener_add_address_space(listener, as);
1914     }
1915 }
1916
1917 void memory_listener_unregister(MemoryListener *listener)
1918 {
1919     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&memory_listeners, listener, link);
1920 }
1921
1922 void address_space_init(AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegion *root, const char *name)
1923 {
1924     if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&address_spaces)) {
1925         memory_init();
1926     }
1927
1928     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1929     as->root = root;
1930     as->current_map = g_new(FlatView, 1);
1931     flatview_init(as->current_map);
1932     as->ioeventfd_nb = 0;
1933     as->ioeventfds = NULL;
1934     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link);
1935     as->name = g_strdup(name ? name : "anonymous");
1936     address_space_init_dispatch(as);
1937     memory_region_update_pending |= root->enabled;
1938     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1939 }
1940
1941 void address_space_destroy(AddressSpace *as)
1942 {
1943     MemoryListener *listener;
1944
1945     /* Flush out anything from MemoryListeners listening in on this */
1946     memory_region_transaction_begin();
1947     as->root = NULL;
1948     memory_region_transaction_commit();
1949     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link);
1950     address_space_destroy_dispatch(as);
1951
1952     QTAILQ_FOREACH(listener, &memory_listeners, link) {
1953         assert(listener->address_space_filter != as);
1954     }
1955
1956     flatview_unref(as->current_map);
1957     g_free(as->name);
1958     g_free(as->ioeventfds);
1959 }
1960
1961 bool io_mem_read(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *pval, unsigned size)
1962 {
1963     return memory_region_dispatch_read(mr, addr, pval, size);
1964 }
1965
1966 bool io_mem_write(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1967                   uint64_t val, unsigned size)
1968 {
1969     return memory_region_dispatch_write(mr, addr, val, size);
1970 }
1971
1972 typedef struct MemoryRegionList MemoryRegionList;
1973
1974 struct MemoryRegionList {
1975     const MemoryRegion *mr;
1976     QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegionList) queue;
1977 };
1978
1979 typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(queue, MemoryRegionList) MemoryRegionListHead;
1980
1981 static void mtree_print_mr(fprintf_function mon_printf, void *f,
1982                            const MemoryRegion *mr, unsigned int level,
1983                            hwaddr base,
1984                            MemoryRegionListHead *alias_print_queue)
1985 {
1986     MemoryRegionList *new_ml, *ml, *next_ml;
1987     MemoryRegionListHead submr_print_queue;
1988     const MemoryRegion *submr;
1989     unsigned int i;
1990
1991     if (!mr || !mr->enabled) {
1992         return;
1993     }
1994
1995     for (i = 0; i < level; i++) {
1996         mon_printf(f, "  ");
1997     }
1998
1999     if (mr->alias) {
2000         MemoryRegionList *ml;
2001         bool found = false;
2002
2003         /* check if the alias is already in the queue */
2004         QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, alias_print_queue, queue) {
2005             if (ml->mr == mr->alias) {
2006                 found = true;
2007             }
2008         }
2009
2010         if (!found) {
2011             ml = g_new(MemoryRegionList, 1);
2012             ml->mr = mr->alias;
2013             QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(alias_print_queue, ml, queue);
2014         }
2015         mon_printf(f, TARGET_FMT_plx "-" TARGET_FMT_plx
2016                    " (prio %d, %c%c): alias %s @%s " TARGET_FMT_plx
2017                    "-" TARGET_FMT_plx "\n",
2018                    base + mr->addr,
2019                    base + mr->addr
2020                    + (int128_nz(mr->size) ?
2021                       (hwaddr)int128_get64(int128_sub(mr->size,
2022                                                       int128_one())) : 0),
2023                    mr->priority,
2024                    mr->romd_mode ? 'R' : '-',
2025                    !mr->readonly && !(mr->rom_device && mr->romd_mode) ? 'W'
2026                                                                        : '-',
2027                    memory_region_name(mr),
2028                    memory_region_name(mr->alias),
2029                    mr->alias_offset,
2030                    mr->alias_offset
2031                    + (int128_nz(mr->size) ?
2032                       (hwaddr)int128_get64(int128_sub(mr->size,
2033                                                       int128_one())) : 0));
2034     } else {
2035         mon_printf(f,
2036                    TARGET_FMT_plx "-" TARGET_FMT_plx " (prio %d, %c%c): %s\n",
2037                    base + mr->addr,
2038                    base + mr->addr
2039                    + (int128_nz(mr->size) ?
2040                       (hwaddr)int128_get64(int128_sub(mr->size,
2041                                                       int128_one())) : 0),
2042                    mr->priority,
2043                    mr->romd_mode ? 'R' : '-',
2044                    !mr->readonly && !(mr->rom_device && mr->romd_mode) ? 'W'
2045                                                                        : '-',
2046                    memory_region_name(mr));
2047     }
2048
2049     QTAILQ_INIT(&submr_print_queue);
2050
2051     QTAILQ_FOREACH(submr, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
2052         new_ml = g_new(MemoryRegionList, 1);
2053         new_ml->mr = submr;
2054         QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, &submr_print_queue, queue) {
2055             if (new_ml->mr->addr < ml->mr->addr ||
2056                 (new_ml->mr->addr == ml->mr->addr &&
2057                  new_ml->mr->priority > ml->mr->priority)) {
2058                 QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(ml, new_ml, queue);
2059                 new_ml = NULL;
2060                 break;
2061             }
2062         }
2063         if (new_ml) {
2064             QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&submr_print_queue, new_ml, queue);
2065         }
2066     }
2067
2068     QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, &submr_print_queue, queue) {
2069         mtree_print_mr(mon_printf, f, ml->mr, level + 1, base + mr->addr,
2070                        alias_print_queue);
2071     }
2072
2073     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ml, &submr_print_queue, queue, next_ml) {
2074         g_free(ml);
2075     }
2076 }
2077
2078 void mtree_info(fprintf_function mon_printf, void *f)
2079 {
2080     MemoryRegionListHead ml_head;
2081     MemoryRegionList *ml, *ml2;
2082     AddressSpace *as;
2083
2084     QTAILQ_INIT(&ml_head);
2085
2086     QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
2087         mon_printf(f, "%s\n", as->name);
2088         mtree_print_mr(mon_printf, f, as->root, 0, 0, &ml_head);
2089     }
2090
2091     mon_printf(f, "aliases\n");
2092     /* print aliased regions */
2093     QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, &ml_head, queue) {
2094         mon_printf(f, "%s\n", memory_region_name(ml->mr));
2095         mtree_print_mr(mon_printf, f, ml->mr, 0, 0, &ml_head);
2096     }
2097
2098     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ml, &ml_head, queue, ml2) {
2099         g_free(ml);
2100     }
2101 }
2102
2103 static const TypeInfo memory_region_info = {
2104     .parent             = TYPE_OBJECT,
2105     .name               = TYPE_MEMORY_REGION,
2106     .instance_size      = sizeof(MemoryRegion),
2107     .instance_init      = memory_region_initfn,
2108     .instance_finalize  = memory_region_finalize,
2109 };
2110
2111 static void memory_register_types(void)
2112 {
2113     type_register_static(&memory_region_info);
2114 }
2115
2116 type_init(memory_register_types)