2 * Bitmaps for the QCOW version 2 format
4 * Copyright (c) 2014-2017 Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy
6 * This file is derived from qcow2-snapshot.c, original copyright:
7 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
9 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
10 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
11 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
12 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
13 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
14 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
16 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
17 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
19 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
20 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
21 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
22 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
23 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
24 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
28 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
29 #include "qapi/error.h"
30 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
32 #include "block/block_int.h"
35 /* NOTICE: BME here means Bitmaps Extension and used as a namespace for
36 * _internal_ constants. Please do not use this _internal_ abbreviation for
37 * other needs and/or outside of this file. */
39 /* Bitmap directory entry constraints */
40 #define BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE 0x8000000
41 #define BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE 0x20000000 /* restrict BdrvDirtyBitmap size in RAM */
42 #define BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS 31
43 #define BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS 9
44 #define BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE 1023
46 #if BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE * 8ULL > INT_MAX
47 #error In the code bitmap table physical size assumed to fit into int
50 /* Bitmap directory entry flags */
51 #define BME_RESERVED_FLAGS 0xfffffffcU
52 #define BME_FLAG_IN_USE (1U << 0)
53 #define BME_FLAG_AUTO (1U << 1)
55 /* bits [1, 8] U [56, 63] are reserved */
56 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_RESERVED_MASK 0xff000000000001feULL
57 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK 0x00fffffffffffe00ULL
58 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES (1ULL << 0)
60 typedef struct QEMU_PACKED Qcow2BitmapDirEntry {
61 /* header is 8 byte aligned */
62 uint64_t bitmap_table_offset;
64 uint32_t bitmap_table_size;
68 uint8_t granularity_bits;
70 uint32_t extra_data_size;
71 /* extra data follows */
73 } Qcow2BitmapDirEntry;
75 typedef struct Qcow2BitmapTable {
77 uint32_t size; /* number of 64bit entries */
78 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Qcow2BitmapTable) entry;
81 typedef struct Qcow2Bitmap {
82 Qcow2BitmapTable table;
84 uint8_t granularity_bits;
87 BdrvDirtyBitmap *dirty_bitmap;
89 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Qcow2Bitmap) entry;
91 typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(Qcow2BitmapList, Qcow2Bitmap) Qcow2BitmapList;
93 typedef enum BitmapType {
94 BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP = 1
97 static inline bool can_write(BlockDriverState *bs)
99 return !bdrv_is_read_only(bs) && !(bdrv_get_flags(bs) & BDRV_O_INACTIVE);
102 static int update_header_sync(BlockDriverState *bs)
106 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
111 return bdrv_flush(bs->file->bs);
114 static inline void bitmap_table_to_be(uint64_t *bitmap_table, size_t size)
118 for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
119 bitmap_table[i] = cpu_to_be64(bitmap_table[i]);
123 static int check_table_entry(uint64_t entry, int cluster_size)
127 if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_RESERVED_MASK) {
131 offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
133 /* if offset specified, bit 0 is reserved */
134 if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES) {
138 if (offset % cluster_size != 0) {
146 static int check_constraints_on_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
148 uint32_t granularity,
151 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
152 int granularity_bits = ctz32(granularity);
153 int64_t len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
155 assert(granularity > 0);
156 assert((granularity & (granularity - 1)) == 0);
159 error_setg_errno(errp, -len, "Failed to get size of '%s'",
160 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
164 if (granularity_bits > BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS) {
165 error_setg(errp, "Granularity exceeds maximum (%llu bytes)",
166 1ULL << BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS);
169 if (granularity_bits < BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS) {
170 error_setg(errp, "Granularity is under minimum (%llu bytes)",
171 1ULL << BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS);
175 if ((len > (uint64_t)BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE << granularity_bits) ||
176 (len > (uint64_t)BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE * s->cluster_size <<
179 error_setg(errp, "Too much space will be occupied by the bitmap. "
180 "Use larger granularity");
184 if (strlen(name) > BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE) {
185 error_setg(errp, "Name length exceeds maximum (%u characters)",
193 static void clear_bitmap_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t *bitmap_table,
194 uint32_t bitmap_table_size)
196 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
199 for (i = 0; i < bitmap_table_size; ++i) {
200 uint64_t addr = bitmap_table[i] & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
205 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, addr, s->cluster_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
210 static int bitmap_table_load(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapTable *tb,
211 uint64_t **bitmap_table)
214 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
218 assert(tb->size != 0);
219 table = g_try_new(uint64_t, tb->size);
224 assert(tb->size <= BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
225 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, tb->offset,
226 table, tb->size * sizeof(uint64_t));
231 for (i = 0; i < tb->size; ++i) {
232 table[i] = be64_to_cpu(table[i]);
233 ret = check_table_entry(table[i], s->cluster_size);
239 *bitmap_table = table;
248 static int free_bitmap_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapTable *tb)
251 uint64_t *bitmap_table;
253 ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, tb, &bitmap_table);
258 clear_bitmap_table(bs, bitmap_table, tb->size);
259 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, tb->offset, tb->size * sizeof(uint64_t),
260 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
261 g_free(bitmap_table);
269 /* Return the disk size covered by a single qcow2 cluster of bitmap data. */
270 static uint64_t bytes_covered_by_bitmap_cluster(const BDRVQcow2State *s,
271 const BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap)
273 uint64_t granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap);
274 uint64_t limit = granularity * (s->cluster_size << 3);
276 assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(limit,
277 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_align(bitmap)));
282 * @bitmap_table entries must satisfy specification constraints.
283 * @bitmap must be cleared */
284 static int load_bitmap_data(BlockDriverState *bs,
285 const uint64_t *bitmap_table,
286 uint32_t bitmap_table_size,
287 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap)
290 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
291 uint64_t offset, limit;
292 uint64_t bm_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap);
294 uint64_t i, tab_size =
296 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, 0, bm_size));
298 if (tab_size != bitmap_table_size || tab_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE) {
302 buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
303 limit = bytes_covered_by_bitmap_cluster(s, bitmap);
304 for (i = 0, offset = 0; i < tab_size; ++i, offset += limit) {
305 uint64_t count = MIN(bm_size - offset, limit);
306 uint64_t entry = bitmap_table[i];
307 uint64_t data_offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
309 assert(check_table_entry(entry, s->cluster_size) == 0);
311 if (data_offset == 0) {
312 if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES) {
313 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_ones(bitmap, offset, count,
316 /* No need to deserialize zeros because the dirty bitmap is
320 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, data_offset, buf, s->cluster_size);
324 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_part(bitmap, buf, offset, count,
330 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_finish(bitmap);
338 static BdrvDirtyBitmap *load_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
339 Qcow2Bitmap *bm, Error **errp)
342 uint64_t *bitmap_table = NULL;
343 uint32_t granularity;
344 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = NULL;
346 if (bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) {
347 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is in use", bm->name);
351 ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, &bm->table, &bitmap_table);
353 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
354 "Could not read bitmap_table table from image for "
355 "bitmap '%s'", bm->name);
359 granularity = 1U << bm->granularity_bits;
360 bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bs, granularity, bm->name, errp);
361 if (bitmap == NULL) {
365 ret = load_bitmap_data(bs, bitmap_table, bm->table.size, bitmap);
367 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read bitmap '%s' from image",
372 g_free(bitmap_table);
376 g_free(bitmap_table);
377 if (bitmap != NULL) {
378 bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bs, bitmap);
389 * Bitmap List private functions
390 * Only Bitmap List knows about bitmap directory structure in Qcow2.
393 static inline void bitmap_dir_entry_to_cpu(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
395 entry->bitmap_table_offset = be64_to_cpu(entry->bitmap_table_offset);
396 entry->bitmap_table_size = be32_to_cpu(entry->bitmap_table_size);
397 entry->flags = be32_to_cpu(entry->flags);
398 entry->name_size = be16_to_cpu(entry->name_size);
399 entry->extra_data_size = be32_to_cpu(entry->extra_data_size);
402 static inline void bitmap_dir_entry_to_be(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
404 entry->bitmap_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(entry->bitmap_table_offset);
405 entry->bitmap_table_size = cpu_to_be32(entry->bitmap_table_size);
406 entry->flags = cpu_to_be32(entry->flags);
407 entry->name_size = cpu_to_be16(entry->name_size);
408 entry->extra_data_size = cpu_to_be32(entry->extra_data_size);
411 static inline int calc_dir_entry_size(size_t name_size, size_t extra_data_size)
413 int size = sizeof(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry) + name_size + extra_data_size;
414 return ROUND_UP(size, 8);
417 static inline int dir_entry_size(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
419 return calc_dir_entry_size(entry->name_size, entry->extra_data_size);
422 static inline const char *dir_entry_name_field(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
424 return (const char *)(entry + 1) + entry->extra_data_size;
427 static inline char *dir_entry_copy_name(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
429 const char *name_field = dir_entry_name_field(entry);
430 return g_strndup(name_field, entry->name_size);
433 static inline Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *next_dir_entry(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
435 return (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)((uint8_t *)entry + dir_entry_size(entry));
438 static int check_dir_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
440 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
441 uint64_t phys_bitmap_bytes;
444 bool fail = (entry->bitmap_table_size == 0) ||
445 (entry->bitmap_table_offset == 0) ||
446 (entry->bitmap_table_offset % s->cluster_size) ||
447 (entry->bitmap_table_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE) ||
448 (entry->granularity_bits > BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS) ||
449 (entry->granularity_bits < BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS) ||
450 (entry->flags & BME_RESERVED_FLAGS) ||
451 (entry->name_size > BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE) ||
452 (entry->type != BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP);
458 phys_bitmap_bytes = (uint64_t)entry->bitmap_table_size * s->cluster_size;
459 len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
465 fail = (phys_bitmap_bytes > BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE) ||
466 (len > ((phys_bitmap_bytes * 8) << entry->granularity_bits));
468 return fail ? -EINVAL : 0;
471 static inline void bitmap_directory_to_be(uint8_t *dir, size_t size)
473 uint8_t *end = dir + size;
475 Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
476 dir += dir_entry_size(e);
478 bitmap_dir_entry_to_be(e);
483 * Bitmap List public functions
486 static void bitmap_free(Qcow2Bitmap *bm)
496 static void bitmap_list_free(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
500 if (bm_list == NULL) {
504 while ((bm = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bm_list)) != NULL) {
505 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bm_list, entry);
512 static Qcow2BitmapList *bitmap_list_new(void)
514 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list = g_new(Qcow2BitmapList, 1);
515 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(bm_list);
520 static uint32_t bitmap_list_count(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
523 uint32_t nb_bitmaps = 0;
525 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
533 * Get bitmap list from qcow2 image. Actually reads bitmap directory,
534 * checks it and convert to bitmap list.
536 static Qcow2BitmapList *bitmap_list_load(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
537 uint64_t size, Error **errp)
540 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
541 uint8_t *dir, *dir_end;
542 Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e;
543 uint32_t nb_dir_entries = 0;
544 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list = NULL;
547 error_setg(errp, "Requested bitmap directory size is zero");
551 if (size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
552 error_setg(errp, "Requested bitmap directory size is too big");
556 dir = g_try_malloc(size);
558 error_setg(errp, "Failed to allocate space for bitmap directory");
561 dir_end = dir + size;
563 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, dir, size);
565 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read bitmap directory");
569 bm_list = bitmap_list_new();
570 for (e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
571 e < (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir_end;
572 e = next_dir_entry(e))
576 if ((uint8_t *)(e + 1) > dir_end) {
580 if (++nb_dir_entries > s->nb_bitmaps) {
581 error_setg(errp, "More bitmaps found than specified in header"
585 bitmap_dir_entry_to_cpu(e);
587 if ((uint8_t *)next_dir_entry(e) > dir_end) {
591 if (e->extra_data_size != 0) {
592 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap extra data is not supported");
596 ret = check_dir_entry(bs, e);
598 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%.*s' doesn't satisfy the constraints",
599 e->name_size, dir_entry_name_field(e));
603 bm = g_new0(Qcow2Bitmap, 1);
604 bm->table.offset = e->bitmap_table_offset;
605 bm->table.size = e->bitmap_table_size;
606 bm->flags = e->flags;
607 bm->granularity_bits = e->granularity_bits;
608 bm->name = dir_entry_copy_name(e);
609 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bm_list, bm, entry);
612 if (nb_dir_entries != s->nb_bitmaps) {
613 error_setg(errp, "Less bitmaps found than specified in header"
618 if ((uint8_t *)e != dir_end) {
627 error_setg(errp, "Broken bitmap directory");
631 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
636 int qcow2_check_bitmaps_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
637 void **refcount_table,
638 int64_t *refcount_table_size)
641 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
642 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
645 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
649 ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
650 s->bitmap_directory_offset,
651 s->bitmap_directory_size);
656 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
657 s->bitmap_directory_size, NULL);
658 if (bm_list == NULL) {
663 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
664 uint64_t *bitmap_table = NULL;
667 ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res,
668 refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
670 bm->table.size * sizeof(uint64_t));
675 ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, &bm->table, &bitmap_table);
681 for (i = 0; i < bm->table.size; ++i) {
682 uint64_t entry = bitmap_table[i];
683 uint64_t offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
685 if (check_table_entry(entry, s->cluster_size) < 0) {
694 ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res,
695 refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
696 offset, s->cluster_size);
698 g_free(bitmap_table);
703 g_free(bitmap_table);
707 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
713 * Store bitmap list to qcow2 image as a bitmap directory.
714 * Everything is checked.
716 static int bitmap_list_store(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list,
717 uint64_t *offset, uint64_t *size, bool in_place)
721 int64_t dir_offset = 0;
722 uint64_t dir_size = 0;
724 Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e;
726 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
727 dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(bm->name), 0);
730 if (dir_size == 0 || dir_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
735 if (*size != dir_size || *offset == 0) {
739 dir_offset = *offset;
742 dir = g_try_malloc(dir_size);
747 e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
748 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
749 e->bitmap_table_offset = bm->table.offset;
750 e->bitmap_table_size = bm->table.size;
751 e->flags = bm->flags;
752 e->type = BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP;
753 e->granularity_bits = bm->granularity_bits;
754 e->name_size = strlen(bm->name);
755 e->extra_data_size = 0;
756 memcpy(e + 1, bm->name, e->name_size);
758 if (check_dir_entry(bs, e) < 0) {
763 e = next_dir_entry(e);
766 bitmap_directory_to_be(dir, dir_size);
769 dir_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, dir_size);
770 if (dir_offset < 0) {
776 /* Actually, even in in-place case ignoring QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY is not
777 * necessary, because we drop QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS when updating bitmap
778 * directory in-place (actually, turn-off the extension), which is checked
779 * in qcow2_check_metadata_overlap() */
780 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(
781 bs, in_place ? QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY : 0, dir_offset, dir_size);
786 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, dir_offset, dir, dir_size);
795 *offset = dir_offset;
803 if (!in_place && dir_offset > 0) {
804 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, dir_offset, dir_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
814 static int update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(BlockDriverState *bs,
815 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
817 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
820 if (!(s->autoclear_features & QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS) ||
821 bm_list == NULL || QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bm_list) ||
822 bitmap_list_count(bm_list) != s->nb_bitmaps)
827 s->autoclear_features &= ~(uint64_t)QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
828 ret = update_header_sync(bs);
830 /* Two variants are possible here:
831 * 1. Autoclear flag is dropped, all bitmaps will be lost.
832 * 2. Autoclear flag is not dropped, old state is left.
837 /* autoclear bit is not set, so we can safely update bitmap directory */
839 ret = bitmap_list_store(bs, bm_list, &s->bitmap_directory_offset,
840 &s->bitmap_directory_size, true);
842 /* autoclear bit is cleared, so all leaked clusters would be removed on
847 ret = update_header_sync(bs);
849 /* autoclear bit is cleared, so all leaked clusters would be removed on
854 s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
855 return update_header_sync(bs);
856 /* If final update_header_sync() fails, two variants are possible:
857 * 1. Autoclear flag is not set, all bitmaps will be lost.
858 * 2. Autoclear flag is set, header and directory are successfully updated.
862 static int update_ext_header_and_dir(BlockDriverState *bs,
863 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
865 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
867 uint64_t new_offset = 0;
868 uint64_t new_size = 0;
869 uint32_t new_nb_bitmaps = 0;
870 uint64_t old_offset = s->bitmap_directory_offset;
871 uint64_t old_size = s->bitmap_directory_size;
872 uint32_t old_nb_bitmaps = s->nb_bitmaps;
873 uint64_t old_autocl = s->autoclear_features;
875 if (bm_list != NULL && !QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bm_list)) {
876 new_nb_bitmaps = bitmap_list_count(bm_list);
878 if (new_nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
882 ret = bitmap_list_store(bs, bm_list, &new_offset, &new_size, false);
887 ret = qcow2_flush_caches(bs);
892 s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
894 s->autoclear_features &= ~(uint64_t)QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
897 s->bitmap_directory_offset = new_offset;
898 s->bitmap_directory_size = new_size;
899 s->nb_bitmaps = new_nb_bitmaps;
901 ret = update_header_sync(bs);
907 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, old_offset, old_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
913 if (new_offset > 0) {
914 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, new_offset, new_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
917 s->bitmap_directory_offset = old_offset;
918 s->bitmap_directory_size = old_size;
919 s->nb_bitmaps = old_nb_bitmaps;
920 s->autoclear_features = old_autocl;
925 /* for g_slist_foreach for GSList of BdrvDirtyBitmap* elements */
926 static void release_dirty_bitmap_helper(gpointer bitmap,
929 bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bs, bitmap);
932 /* for g_slist_foreach for GSList of BdrvDirtyBitmap* elements */
933 static void set_readonly_helper(gpointer bitmap, gpointer value)
935 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_readonly(bitmap, (bool)value);
938 /* qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps()
939 * Return value is a hint for caller: true means that the Qcow2 header was
940 * updated. (false doesn't mean that the header should be updated by the
941 * caller, it just means that updating was not needed or the image cannot be
943 * On failure the function returns false.
945 bool qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
947 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
948 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
950 GSList *created_dirty_bitmaps = NULL;
951 bool header_updated = false;
953 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
954 /* No bitmaps - nothing to do */
958 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
959 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
960 if (bm_list == NULL) {
964 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
965 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
966 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = load_bitmap(bs, bm, errp);
967 if (bitmap == NULL) {
971 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_AUTO)) {
972 bdrv_disable_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
974 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_persistance(bitmap, true);
975 bm->flags |= BME_FLAG_IN_USE;
976 created_dirty_bitmaps =
977 g_slist_append(created_dirty_bitmaps, bitmap);
981 if (created_dirty_bitmaps != NULL) {
983 /* in_use flags must be updated */
984 int ret = update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(bs, bm_list);
986 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Can't update bitmap directory");
989 header_updated = true;
991 g_slist_foreach(created_dirty_bitmaps, set_readonly_helper,
996 g_slist_free(created_dirty_bitmaps);
997 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
999 return header_updated;
1002 g_slist_foreach(created_dirty_bitmaps, release_dirty_bitmap_helper, bs);
1003 g_slist_free(created_dirty_bitmaps);
1004 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1009 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw_hint(BlockDriverState *bs, bool *header_updated,
1012 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1013 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1015 GSList *ro_dirty_bitmaps = NULL;
1018 if (header_updated != NULL) {
1019 *header_updated = false;
1022 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1023 /* No bitmaps - nothing to do */
1027 if (!can_write(bs)) {
1028 error_setg(errp, "Can't write to the image on reopening bitmaps rw");
1032 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1033 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1034 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1038 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1039 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
1040 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name);
1041 if (bitmap == NULL) {
1045 if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1046 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap %s is not readonly but not marked"
1047 "'IN_USE' in the image. Something went wrong,"
1048 "all the bitmaps may be corrupted", bm->name);
1053 bm->flags |= BME_FLAG_IN_USE;
1054 ro_dirty_bitmaps = g_slist_append(ro_dirty_bitmaps, bitmap);
1058 if (ro_dirty_bitmaps != NULL) {
1059 /* in_use flags must be updated */
1060 ret = update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(bs, bm_list);
1062 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Can't update bitmap directory");
1065 if (header_updated != NULL) {
1066 *header_updated = true;
1068 g_slist_foreach(ro_dirty_bitmaps, set_readonly_helper, false);
1072 g_slist_free(ro_dirty_bitmaps);
1073 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1078 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1080 return qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw_hint(bs, NULL, errp);
1083 /* store_bitmap_data()
1084 * Store bitmap to image, filling bitmap table accordingly.
1086 static uint64_t *store_bitmap_data(BlockDriverState *bs,
1087 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
1088 uint32_t *bitmap_table_size, Error **errp)
1091 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1094 uint64_t bm_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap);
1095 const char *bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1096 uint8_t *buf = NULL;
1097 BdrvDirtyBitmapIter *dbi;
1101 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, 0, bm_size));
1103 if (tb_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE ||
1104 tb_size * s->cluster_size > BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE)
1106 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is too big", bm_name);
1110 tb = g_try_new0(uint64_t, tb_size);
1112 error_setg(errp, "No memory");
1116 dbi = bdrv_dirty_iter_new(bitmap);
1117 buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
1118 limit = bytes_covered_by_bitmap_cluster(s, bitmap);
1119 assert(DIV_ROUND_UP(bm_size, limit) == tb_size);
1121 while ((offset = bdrv_dirty_iter_next(dbi)) >= 0) {
1122 uint64_t cluster = offset / limit;
1123 uint64_t end, write_size;
1127 * We found the first dirty offset, but want to write out the
1128 * entire cluster of the bitmap that includes that offset,
1129 * including any leading zero bits.
1131 offset = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, limit);
1132 end = MIN(bm_size, offset + limit);
1133 write_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, offset,
1135 assert(write_size <= s->cluster_size);
1137 off = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, s->cluster_size);
1139 error_setg_errno(errp, -off,
1140 "Failed to allocate clusters for bitmap '%s'",
1146 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialize_part(bitmap, buf, offset, end - offset);
1147 if (write_size < s->cluster_size) {
1148 memset(buf + write_size, 0, s->cluster_size - write_size);
1151 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, off, s->cluster_size);
1153 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Qcow2 overlap check failed");
1157 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, off, buf, s->cluster_size);
1159 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write bitmap '%s' to file",
1164 if (end >= bm_size) {
1168 bdrv_set_dirty_iter(dbi, end);
1171 *bitmap_table_size = tb_size;
1173 bdrv_dirty_iter_free(dbi);
1178 clear_bitmap_table(bs, tb, tb_size);
1180 bdrv_dirty_iter_free(dbi);
1187 * Store bm->dirty_bitmap to qcow2.
1188 * Set bm->table_offset and bm->table_size accordingly.
1190 static int store_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Bitmap *bm, Error **errp)
1196 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bm->dirty_bitmap;
1197 const char *bm_name;
1199 assert(bitmap != NULL);
1201 bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1203 tb = store_bitmap_data(bs, bitmap, &tb_size, errp);
1208 assert(tb_size <= BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
1209 tb_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]));
1210 if (tb_offset < 0) {
1211 error_setg_errno(errp, -tb_offset,
1212 "Failed to allocate clusters for bitmap '%s'",
1218 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, tb_offset,
1219 tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]));
1221 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Qcow2 overlap check failed");
1225 bitmap_table_to_be(tb, tb_size);
1226 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, tb_offset, tb, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]));
1228 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write bitmap '%s' to file",
1235 bm->table.offset = tb_offset;
1236 bm->table.size = tb_size;
1241 clear_bitmap_table(bs, tb, tb_size);
1243 if (tb_offset > 0) {
1244 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, tb_offset, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]),
1245 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
1253 static Qcow2Bitmap *find_bitmap_by_name(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list,
1258 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1259 if (strcmp(name, bm->name) == 0) {
1267 void qcow2_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
1272 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1274 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1276 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1277 /* Absence of the bitmap is not an error: see explanation above
1278 * bdrv_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap() definition. */
1282 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1283 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1284 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1288 bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1293 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE(bm_list, bm, Qcow2Bitmap, entry);
1295 ret = update_ext_header_and_dir(bs, bm_list);
1297 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update bitmap extension");
1301 free_bitmap_clusters(bs, &bm->table);
1305 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1308 void qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1310 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1311 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1312 uint32_t new_nb_bitmaps = s->nb_bitmaps;
1313 uint64_t new_dir_size = s->bitmap_directory_size;
1315 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1317 QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, Qcow2BitmapTable) drop_tables;
1318 Qcow2BitmapTable *tb, *tb_next;
1320 if (!bdrv_has_changed_persistent_bitmaps(bs)) {
1325 if (!can_write(bs)) {
1326 error_setg(errp, "No write access");
1330 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&drop_tables);
1332 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1333 bm_list = bitmap_list_new();
1335 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1336 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1337 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1342 /* check constraints and names */
1343 for (bitmap = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next(bs, NULL); bitmap != NULL;
1344 bitmap = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next(bs, bitmap))
1346 const char *name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1347 uint32_t granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap);
1350 if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistance(bitmap) ||
1351 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap))
1356 if (check_constraints_on_bitmap(bs, name, granularity, errp) < 0) {
1357 error_prepend(errp, "Bitmap '%s' doesn't satisfy the constraints: ",
1362 bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1364 if (++new_nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
1365 error_setg(errp, "Too many persistent bitmaps");
1369 new_dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0);
1370 if (new_dir_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
1371 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap directory is too large");
1375 bm = g_new0(Qcow2Bitmap, 1);
1376 bm->name = g_strdup(name);
1377 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bm_list, bm, entry);
1379 if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
1380 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' already exists in the image",
1384 tb = g_memdup(&bm->table, sizeof(bm->table));
1385 bm->table.offset = 0;
1387 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drop_tables, tb, entry);
1389 bm->flags = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bitmap) ? BME_FLAG_AUTO : 0;
1390 bm->granularity_bits = ctz32(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap));
1391 bm->dirty_bitmap = bitmap;
1394 /* allocate clusters and store bitmaps */
1395 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1396 if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL) {
1400 ret = store_bitmap(bs, bm, errp);
1406 ret = update_ext_header_and_dir(bs, bm_list);
1408 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update bitmap extension");
1412 /* Bitmap directory was successfully updated, so, old data can be dropped.
1413 * TODO it is better to reuse these clusters */
1414 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(tb, &drop_tables, entry, tb_next) {
1415 free_bitmap_clusters(bs, tb);
1419 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1420 /* For safety, we remove bitmap after storing.
1421 * We may be here in two cases:
1422 * 1. bdrv_close. It's ok to drop bitmap.
1423 * 2. inactivation. It means migration without 'dirty-bitmaps'
1424 * capability, so bitmaps are not marked with
1425 * BdrvDirtyBitmap.migration flags. It's not bad to drop them too,
1426 * and reload on invalidation.
1428 if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL) {
1432 bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->dirty_bitmap);
1435 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1439 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1440 if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL || bm->table.offset == 0) {
1444 free_bitmap_clusters(bs, &bm->table);
1447 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(tb, &drop_tables, entry, tb_next) {
1451 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1454 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_ro(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1456 BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1457 Error *local_err = NULL;
1459 qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(bs, &local_err);
1460 if (local_err != NULL) {
1461 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1465 for (bitmap = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next(bs, NULL); bitmap != NULL;
1466 bitmap = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next(bs, bitmap))
1468 if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistance(bitmap)) {
1469 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_readonly(bitmap, true);
1476 bool qcow2_can_store_new_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
1478 uint32_t granularity,
1481 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1483 Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1485 if (s->qcow_version < 3) {
1486 /* Without autoclear_features, we would always have to assume
1487 * that a program without persistent dirty bitmap support has
1488 * accessed this qcow2 file when opening it, and would thus
1489 * have to drop all dirty bitmaps (defeating their purpose).
1491 error_setg(errp, "Cannot store dirty bitmaps in qcow2 v2 files");
1495 if (check_constraints_on_bitmap(bs, name, granularity, errp) != 0) {
1499 if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1503 if (s->nb_bitmaps >= QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
1505 "Maximum number of persistent bitmaps is already reached");
1509 if (s->bitmap_directory_size + calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0) >
1510 QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE)
1512 error_setg(errp, "Not enough space in the bitmap directory");
1516 bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1517 s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1518 if (bm_list == NULL) {
1522 found = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1523 bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1525 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap with the same name is already stored");
1532 error_prepend(errp, "Can't make bitmap '%s' persistent in '%s': ",
1533 name, bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));