2 * Block driver for the Virtual Disk Image (VDI) format
4 * Copyright (c) 2009, 2012 Stefan Weil
6 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) version 3 or any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 * http://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=8046
22 * This driver supports create / read / write operations on VDI images.
24 * Todo (see also TODO in code):
26 * Some features like snapshots are still missing.
28 * Deallocation of zero-filled blocks and shrinking images are missing, too
29 * (might be added to common block layer).
31 * Allocation of blocks could be optimized (less writes to block map and
34 * Read and write of adjacent blocks could be done in one operation
35 * (current code uses one operation per block (1 MiB).
37 * The code is not thread safe (missing locks for changes in header and
38 * block table, no problem with current QEMU).
42 * Blocks (VDI documentation) correspond to clusters (QEMU).
43 * QEMU's backing files could be implemented using VDI snapshot files (TODO).
44 * VDI snapshot files may also contain the complete machine state.
45 * Maybe this machine state can be converted to QEMU PC machine snapshot data.
47 * The driver keeps a block cache (little endian entries) in memory.
48 * For the standard block size (1 MiB), a 1 TiB disk will use 4 MiB RAM,
49 * so this seems to be reasonable.
52 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
53 #include "qemu/units.h"
54 #include "qapi/error.h"
55 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
56 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
57 #include "block/block_int.h"
58 #include "block/qdict.h"
59 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
60 #include "qemu/module.h"
61 #include "qemu/option.h"
62 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
63 #include "migration/blocker.h"
64 #include "qemu/coroutine.h"
65 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
66 #include "qemu/uuid.h"
68 /* Code configuration options. */
70 /* Enable debug messages. */
71 //~ #define CONFIG_VDI_DEBUG
73 /* Support write operations on VDI images. */
74 #define CONFIG_VDI_WRITE
76 /* Support non-standard block (cluster) size. This is untested.
77 * Maybe it will be needed for very large images.
79 //~ #define CONFIG_VDI_BLOCK_SIZE
81 /* Support static (fixed, pre-allocated) images. */
82 #define CONFIG_VDI_STATIC_IMAGE
84 /* Command line option for static images. */
85 #define BLOCK_OPT_STATIC "static"
87 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
88 #define DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE 1048576
89 /* Note: can't use 1 * MiB, because it's passed to stringify() */
91 #if defined(CONFIG_VDI_DEBUG)
97 #define logout(fmt, ...) \
100 fprintf(stderr, "vdi\t%-24s" fmt, __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
104 /* Image signature. */
105 #define VDI_SIGNATURE 0xbeda107f
108 #define VDI_VERSION_1_1 0x00010001
111 #define VDI_TYPE_DYNAMIC 1
112 #define VDI_TYPE_STATIC 2
114 /* Innotek / SUN images use these strings in header.text:
115 * "<<< innotek VirtualBox Disk Image >>>\n"
116 * "<<< Sun xVM VirtualBox Disk Image >>>\n"
117 * "<<< Sun VirtualBox Disk Image >>>\n"
118 * The value does not matter, so QEMU created images use a different text.
120 #define VDI_TEXT "<<< QEMU VM Virtual Disk Image >>>\n"
122 /* A never-allocated block; semantically arbitrary content. */
123 #define VDI_UNALLOCATED 0xffffffffU
125 /* A discarded (no longer allocated) block; semantically zero-filled. */
126 #define VDI_DISCARDED 0xfffffffeU
128 #define VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(X) ((X) < VDI_DISCARDED)
130 /* The bmap will take up VDI_BLOCKS_IN_IMAGE_MAX * sizeof(uint32_t) bytes; since
131 * the bmap is read and written in a single operation, its size needs to be
132 * limited to INT_MAX; furthermore, when opening an image, the bmap size is
133 * rounded up to be aligned on BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE.
134 * Therefore this should satisfy the following:
135 * VDI_BLOCKS_IN_IMAGE_MAX * sizeof(uint32_t) + BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE == INT_MAX + 1
136 * (INT_MAX + 1 is the first value not representable as an int)
137 * This guarantees that any value below or equal to the constant will, when
138 * multiplied by sizeof(uint32_t) and rounded up to a BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE boundary,
139 * still be below or equal to INT_MAX. */
140 #define VDI_BLOCKS_IN_IMAGE_MAX \
141 ((unsigned)((INT_MAX + 1u - BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) / sizeof(uint32_t)))
142 #define VDI_DISK_SIZE_MAX ((uint64_t)VDI_BLOCKS_IN_IMAGE_MAX * \
143 (uint64_t)DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE)
145 static QemuOptsList vdi_create_opts;
151 uint32_t header_size;
153 uint32_t image_flags;
154 char description[256];
155 uint32_t offset_bmap;
156 uint32_t offset_data;
157 uint32_t cylinders; /* disk geometry, unused here */
158 uint32_t heads; /* disk geometry, unused here */
159 uint32_t sectors; /* disk geometry, unused here */
160 uint32_t sector_size;
164 uint32_t block_extra; /* unused here */
165 uint32_t blocks_in_image;
166 uint32_t blocks_allocated;
168 QemuUUID uuid_last_snap;
170 QemuUUID uuid_parent;
172 } QEMU_PACKED VdiHeader;
175 /* The block map entries are little endian (even in memory). */
177 /* Size of block (bytes). */
179 /* First sector of block map. */
180 uint32_t bmap_sector;
181 /* VDI header (converted to host endianness). */
186 Error *migration_blocker;
189 static void vdi_header_to_cpu(VdiHeader *header)
191 header->signature = le32_to_cpu(header->signature);
192 header->version = le32_to_cpu(header->version);
193 header->header_size = le32_to_cpu(header->header_size);
194 header->image_type = le32_to_cpu(header->image_type);
195 header->image_flags = le32_to_cpu(header->image_flags);
196 header->offset_bmap = le32_to_cpu(header->offset_bmap);
197 header->offset_data = le32_to_cpu(header->offset_data);
198 header->cylinders = le32_to_cpu(header->cylinders);
199 header->heads = le32_to_cpu(header->heads);
200 header->sectors = le32_to_cpu(header->sectors);
201 header->sector_size = le32_to_cpu(header->sector_size);
202 header->disk_size = le64_to_cpu(header->disk_size);
203 header->block_size = le32_to_cpu(header->block_size);
204 header->block_extra = le32_to_cpu(header->block_extra);
205 header->blocks_in_image = le32_to_cpu(header->blocks_in_image);
206 header->blocks_allocated = le32_to_cpu(header->blocks_allocated);
207 header->uuid_image = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_image);
208 header->uuid_last_snap = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_last_snap);
209 header->uuid_link = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_link);
210 header->uuid_parent = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_parent);
213 static void vdi_header_to_le(VdiHeader *header)
215 header->signature = cpu_to_le32(header->signature);
216 header->version = cpu_to_le32(header->version);
217 header->header_size = cpu_to_le32(header->header_size);
218 header->image_type = cpu_to_le32(header->image_type);
219 header->image_flags = cpu_to_le32(header->image_flags);
220 header->offset_bmap = cpu_to_le32(header->offset_bmap);
221 header->offset_data = cpu_to_le32(header->offset_data);
222 header->cylinders = cpu_to_le32(header->cylinders);
223 header->heads = cpu_to_le32(header->heads);
224 header->sectors = cpu_to_le32(header->sectors);
225 header->sector_size = cpu_to_le32(header->sector_size);
226 header->disk_size = cpu_to_le64(header->disk_size);
227 header->block_size = cpu_to_le32(header->block_size);
228 header->block_extra = cpu_to_le32(header->block_extra);
229 header->blocks_in_image = cpu_to_le32(header->blocks_in_image);
230 header->blocks_allocated = cpu_to_le32(header->blocks_allocated);
231 header->uuid_image = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_image);
232 header->uuid_last_snap = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_last_snap);
233 header->uuid_link = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_link);
234 header->uuid_parent = qemu_uuid_bswap(header->uuid_parent);
237 static void vdi_header_print(VdiHeader *header)
241 logout("text %s", header->text);
242 logout("signature 0x%08x\n", header->signature);
243 logout("header size 0x%04x\n", header->header_size);
244 logout("image type 0x%04x\n", header->image_type);
245 logout("image flags 0x%04x\n", header->image_flags);
246 logout("description %s\n", header->description);
247 logout("offset bmap 0x%04x\n", header->offset_bmap);
248 logout("offset data 0x%04x\n", header->offset_data);
249 logout("cylinders 0x%04x\n", header->cylinders);
250 logout("heads 0x%04x\n", header->heads);
251 logout("sectors 0x%04x\n", header->sectors);
252 logout("sector size 0x%04x\n", header->sector_size);
253 logout("image size 0x%" PRIx64 " B (%" PRIu64 " MiB)\n",
254 header->disk_size, header->disk_size / MiB);
255 logout("block size 0x%04x\n", header->block_size);
256 logout("block extra 0x%04x\n", header->block_extra);
257 logout("blocks tot. 0x%04x\n", header->blocks_in_image);
258 logout("blocks all. 0x%04x\n", header->blocks_allocated);
259 uuid = header->uuid_image;
260 qemu_uuid_unparse(&uuid, uuidstr);
261 logout("uuid image %s\n", uuidstr);
262 uuid = header->uuid_last_snap;
263 qemu_uuid_unparse(&uuid, uuidstr);
264 logout("uuid snap %s\n", uuidstr);
265 uuid = header->uuid_link;
266 qemu_uuid_unparse(&uuid, uuidstr);
267 logout("uuid link %s\n", uuidstr);
268 uuid = header->uuid_parent;
269 qemu_uuid_unparse(&uuid, uuidstr);
270 logout("uuid parent %s\n", uuidstr);
273 static int coroutine_fn vdi_co_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
276 /* TODO: additional checks possible. */
277 BDRVVdiState *s = (BDRVVdiState *)bs->opaque;
278 uint32_t blocks_allocated = 0;
287 bmap = g_try_new(uint32_t, s->header.blocks_in_image);
288 if (s->header.blocks_in_image && bmap == NULL) {
293 memset(bmap, 0xff, s->header.blocks_in_image * sizeof(uint32_t));
295 /* Check block map and value of blocks_allocated. */
296 for (block = 0; block < s->header.blocks_in_image; block++) {
297 uint32_t bmap_entry = le32_to_cpu(s->bmap[block]);
298 if (VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap_entry)) {
299 if (bmap_entry < s->header.blocks_in_image) {
301 if (!VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap[bmap_entry])) {
302 bmap[bmap_entry] = bmap_entry;
304 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: block index %" PRIu32
305 " also used by %" PRIu32 "\n", bmap[bmap_entry], bmap_entry);
309 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: block index %" PRIu32
310 " too large, is %" PRIu32 "\n", block, bmap_entry);
315 if (blocks_allocated != s->header.blocks_allocated) {
316 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: allocated blocks mismatch, is %" PRIu32
317 ", should be %" PRIu32 "\n",
318 blocks_allocated, s->header.blocks_allocated);
327 static int vdi_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
329 /* TODO: vdi_get_info would be needed for machine snapshots.
330 vm_state_offset is still missing. */
331 BDRVVdiState *s = (BDRVVdiState *)bs->opaque;
333 bdi->cluster_size = s->block_size;
334 bdi->vm_state_offset = 0;
335 bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero = true;
339 static int vdi_make_empty(BlockDriverState *bs)
341 /* TODO: missing code. */
343 /* The return value for missing code must be 0, see block.c. */
347 static int vdi_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
349 const VdiHeader *header = (const VdiHeader *)buf;
354 if (buf_size < sizeof(*header)) {
355 /* Header too small, no VDI. */
356 } else if (le32_to_cpu(header->signature) == VDI_SIGNATURE) {
361 logout("no vdi image\n");
363 logout("%s", header->text);
369 static int vdi_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
372 BDRVVdiState *s = bs->opaque;
376 Error *local_err = NULL;
377 QemuUUID uuid_link, uuid_parent;
379 bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
387 ret = bdrv_read(bs->file, 0, (uint8_t *)&header, 1);
392 vdi_header_to_cpu(&header);
394 vdi_header_print(&header);
397 if (header.disk_size > VDI_DISK_SIZE_MAX) {
398 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported VDI image size (size is 0x%" PRIx64
399 ", max supported is 0x%" PRIx64 ")",
400 header.disk_size, VDI_DISK_SIZE_MAX);
405 uuid_link = header.uuid_link;
406 uuid_parent = header.uuid_parent;
408 if (header.disk_size % SECTOR_SIZE != 0) {
409 /* 'VBoxManage convertfromraw' can create images with odd disk sizes.
410 We accept them but round the disk size to the next multiple of
412 logout("odd disk size %" PRIu64 " B, round up\n", header.disk_size);
413 header.disk_size = ROUND_UP(header.disk_size, SECTOR_SIZE);
416 if (header.signature != VDI_SIGNATURE) {
417 error_setg(errp, "Image not in VDI format (bad signature %08" PRIx32
418 ")", header.signature);
421 } else if (header.version != VDI_VERSION_1_1) {
422 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (version %" PRIu32 ".%" PRIu32
423 ")", header.version >> 16, header.version & 0xffff);
426 } else if (header.offset_bmap % SECTOR_SIZE != 0) {
427 /* We only support block maps which start on a sector boundary. */
428 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (unaligned block map offset "
429 "0x%" PRIx32 ")", header.offset_bmap);
432 } else if (header.offset_data % SECTOR_SIZE != 0) {
433 /* We only support data blocks which start on a sector boundary. */
434 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (unaligned data offset 0x%"
435 PRIx32 ")", header.offset_data);
438 } else if (header.sector_size != SECTOR_SIZE) {
439 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (sector size %" PRIu32
440 " is not %u)", header.sector_size, SECTOR_SIZE);
443 } else if (header.block_size != DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE) {
444 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (block size %" PRIu32
445 " is not %" PRIu32 ")",
446 header.block_size, DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE);
449 } else if (header.disk_size >
450 (uint64_t)header.blocks_in_image * header.block_size) {
451 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (disk size %" PRIu64 ", "
452 "image bitmap has room for %" PRIu64 ")",
454 (uint64_t)header.blocks_in_image * header.block_size);
457 } else if (!qemu_uuid_is_null(&uuid_link)) {
458 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (non-NULL link UUID)");
461 } else if (!qemu_uuid_is_null(&uuid_parent)) {
462 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image (non-NULL parent UUID)");
465 } else if (header.blocks_in_image > VDI_BLOCKS_IN_IMAGE_MAX) {
466 error_setg(errp, "unsupported VDI image "
467 "(too many blocks %u, max is %u)",
468 header.blocks_in_image, VDI_BLOCKS_IN_IMAGE_MAX);
473 bs->total_sectors = header.disk_size / SECTOR_SIZE;
475 s->block_size = header.block_size;
476 s->bmap_sector = header.offset_bmap / SECTOR_SIZE;
479 bmap_size = header.blocks_in_image * sizeof(uint32_t);
480 bmap_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(bmap_size, SECTOR_SIZE);
481 s->bmap = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, bmap_size * SECTOR_SIZE);
482 if (s->bmap == NULL) {
487 ret = bdrv_read(bs->file, s->bmap_sector, (uint8_t *)s->bmap,
493 /* Disable migration when vdi images are used */
494 error_setg(&s->migration_blocker, "The vdi format used by node '%s' "
495 "does not support live migration",
496 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
497 ret = migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker, &local_err);
499 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
500 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
504 qemu_co_rwlock_init(&s->bmap_lock);
515 static int vdi_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
516 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
521 static int coroutine_fn vdi_co_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
523 int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
524 int64_t *pnum, int64_t *map,
525 BlockDriverState **file)
527 BDRVVdiState *s = (BDRVVdiState *)bs->opaque;
528 size_t bmap_index = offset / s->block_size;
529 size_t index_in_block = offset % s->block_size;
530 uint32_t bmap_entry = le32_to_cpu(s->bmap[bmap_index]);
533 logout("%p, %" PRId64 ", %" PRId64 ", %p\n", bs, offset, bytes, pnum);
534 *pnum = MIN(s->block_size - index_in_block, bytes);
535 result = VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap_entry);
540 *map = s->header.offset_data + (uint64_t)bmap_entry * s->block_size +
542 *file = bs->file->bs;
543 return BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
546 static int coroutine_fn
547 vdi_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
548 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
550 BDRVVdiState *s = bs->opaque;
551 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
553 uint32_t block_index;
554 uint32_t offset_in_block;
556 uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
561 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov);
563 while (ret >= 0 && bytes > 0) {
564 block_index = offset / s->block_size;
565 offset_in_block = offset % s->block_size;
566 n_bytes = MIN(bytes, s->block_size - offset_in_block);
568 logout("will read %u bytes starting at offset %" PRIu64 "\n",
571 /* prepare next AIO request */
572 qemu_co_rwlock_rdlock(&s->bmap_lock);
573 bmap_entry = le32_to_cpu(s->bmap[block_index]);
574 qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&s->bmap_lock);
575 if (!VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap_entry)) {
576 /* Block not allocated, return zeros, no need to wait. */
577 qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, bytes_done, 0, n_bytes);
580 uint64_t data_offset = s->header.offset_data +
581 (uint64_t)bmap_entry * s->block_size +
584 qemu_iovec_reset(&local_qiov);
585 qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, n_bytes);
587 ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->file, data_offset, n_bytes,
590 logout("%u bytes read\n", n_bytes);
594 bytes_done += n_bytes;
597 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
602 static int coroutine_fn
603 vdi_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
604 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
606 BDRVVdiState *s = bs->opaque;
607 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
609 uint32_t block_index;
610 uint32_t offset_in_block;
612 uint64_t data_offset;
613 uint32_t bmap_first = VDI_UNALLOCATED;
614 uint32_t bmap_last = VDI_UNALLOCATED;
615 uint8_t *block = NULL;
616 uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
621 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov);
623 while (ret >= 0 && bytes > 0) {
624 block_index = offset / s->block_size;
625 offset_in_block = offset % s->block_size;
626 n_bytes = MIN(bytes, s->block_size - offset_in_block);
628 logout("will write %u bytes starting at offset %" PRIu64 "\n",
631 /* prepare next AIO request */
632 qemu_co_rwlock_rdlock(&s->bmap_lock);
633 bmap_entry = le32_to_cpu(s->bmap[block_index]);
634 if (!VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap_entry)) {
635 /* Allocate new block and write to it. */
636 uint64_t data_offset;
637 qemu_co_rwlock_upgrade(&s->bmap_lock);
638 bmap_entry = le32_to_cpu(s->bmap[block_index]);
639 if (VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap_entry)) {
640 /* A concurrent allocation did the work for us. */
641 qemu_co_rwlock_downgrade(&s->bmap_lock);
642 goto nonallocating_write;
645 bmap_entry = s->header.blocks_allocated;
646 s->bmap[block_index] = cpu_to_le32(bmap_entry);
647 s->header.blocks_allocated++;
648 data_offset = s->header.offset_data +
649 (uint64_t)bmap_entry * s->block_size;
651 block = g_malloc(s->block_size);
652 bmap_first = block_index;
654 bmap_last = block_index;
655 /* Copy data to be written to new block and zero unused parts. */
656 memset(block, 0, offset_in_block);
657 qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, bytes_done, block + offset_in_block,
659 memset(block + offset_in_block + n_bytes, 0,
660 s->block_size - n_bytes - offset_in_block);
662 /* Write the new block under CoRwLock write-side protection,
663 * so this full-cluster write does not overlap a partial write
664 * of the same cluster, issued from the "else" branch.
666 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, data_offset, block, s->block_size);
667 qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&s->bmap_lock);
670 data_offset = s->header.offset_data +
671 (uint64_t)bmap_entry * s->block_size +
673 qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&s->bmap_lock);
675 qemu_iovec_reset(&local_qiov);
676 qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, n_bytes);
678 ret = bdrv_co_pwritev(bs->file, data_offset, n_bytes,
684 bytes_done += n_bytes;
686 logout("%u bytes written\n", n_bytes);
689 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
691 logout("finished data write\n");
697 /* One or more new blocks were allocated. */
698 VdiHeader *header = (VdiHeader *) block;
703 logout("now writing modified header\n");
704 assert(VDI_IS_ALLOCATED(bmap_first));
706 vdi_header_to_le(header);
707 ret = bdrv_write(bs->file, 0, block, 1);
715 logout("now writing modified block map entry %u...%u\n",
716 bmap_first, bmap_last);
717 /* Write modified sectors from block map. */
718 bmap_first /= (SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(uint32_t));
719 bmap_last /= (SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(uint32_t));
720 n_sectors = bmap_last - bmap_first + 1;
721 offset = s->bmap_sector + bmap_first;
722 base = ((uint8_t *)&s->bmap[0]) + bmap_first * SECTOR_SIZE;
723 logout("will write %u block map sectors starting from entry %u\n",
724 n_sectors, bmap_first);
725 ret = bdrv_write(bs->file, offset, base, n_sectors);
731 static int coroutine_fn vdi_co_do_create(BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options,
732 size_t block_size, Error **errp)
734 BlockdevCreateOptionsVdi *vdi_opts;
743 BlockDriverState *bs_file = NULL;
744 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
745 uint32_t *bmap = NULL;
748 assert(create_options->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_VDI);
749 vdi_opts = &create_options->u.vdi;
753 /* Validate options and set default values */
754 bytes = vdi_opts->size;
756 if (!vdi_opts->has_preallocation) {
757 vdi_opts->preallocation = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF;
759 switch (vdi_opts->preallocation) {
760 case PREALLOC_MODE_OFF:
761 image_type = VDI_TYPE_DYNAMIC;
763 case PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA:
764 image_type = VDI_TYPE_STATIC;
767 error_setg(errp, "Preallocation mode not supported for vdi");
771 #ifndef CONFIG_VDI_STATIC_IMAGE
772 if (image_type == VDI_TYPE_STATIC) {
774 error_setg(errp, "Statically allocated images cannot be created in "
779 #ifndef CONFIG_VDI_BLOCK_SIZE
780 if (block_size != DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE) {
783 "A non-default cluster size is not supported in this build");
788 if (bytes > VDI_DISK_SIZE_MAX) {
790 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported VDI image size (size is 0x%" PRIx64
791 ", max supported is 0x%" PRIx64 ")",
792 bytes, VDI_DISK_SIZE_MAX);
796 /* Create BlockBackend to write to the image */
797 bs_file = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(vdi_opts->file, errp);
803 blk = blk_new(BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL);
804 ret = blk_insert_bs(blk, bs_file, errp);
809 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true);
811 /* We need enough blocks to store the given disk size,
812 so always round up. */
813 blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes, block_size);
815 bmap_size = blocks * sizeof(uint32_t);
816 bmap_size = ROUND_UP(bmap_size, SECTOR_SIZE);
818 memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
819 pstrcpy(header.text, sizeof(header.text), VDI_TEXT);
820 header.signature = VDI_SIGNATURE;
821 header.version = VDI_VERSION_1_1;
822 header.header_size = 0x180;
823 header.image_type = image_type;
824 header.offset_bmap = 0x200;
825 header.offset_data = 0x200 + bmap_size;
826 header.sector_size = SECTOR_SIZE;
827 header.disk_size = bytes;
828 header.block_size = block_size;
829 header.blocks_in_image = blocks;
830 if (image_type == VDI_TYPE_STATIC) {
831 header.blocks_allocated = blocks;
833 qemu_uuid_generate(&uuid);
834 header.uuid_image = uuid;
835 qemu_uuid_generate(&uuid);
836 header.uuid_last_snap = uuid;
837 /* There is no need to set header.uuid_link or header.uuid_parent here. */
839 vdi_header_print(&header);
841 vdi_header_to_le(&header);
842 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, offset, &header, sizeof(header), 0);
844 error_setg(errp, "Error writing header");
847 offset += sizeof(header);
850 bmap = g_try_malloc0(bmap_size);
853 error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate bmap");
856 for (i = 0; i < blocks; i++) {
857 if (image_type == VDI_TYPE_STATIC) {
860 bmap[i] = VDI_UNALLOCATED;
863 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, offset, bmap, bmap_size, 0);
865 error_setg(errp, "Error writing bmap");
871 if (image_type == VDI_TYPE_STATIC) {
872 ret = blk_truncate(blk, offset + blocks * block_size,
873 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, errp);
875 error_prepend(errp, "Failed to statically allocate file");
888 static int coroutine_fn vdi_co_create(BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options,
891 return vdi_co_do_create(create_options, DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE, errp);
894 static int coroutine_fn vdi_co_create_opts(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts,
898 BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options = NULL;
899 BlockDriverState *bs_file = NULL;
900 uint64_t block_size = DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE;
901 bool is_static = false;
903 Error *local_err = NULL;
906 /* Parse options and convert legacy syntax.
908 * Since CONFIG_VDI_BLOCK_SIZE is disabled by default,
909 * cluster-size is not part of the QAPI schema; therefore we have
910 * to parse it before creating the QAPI object. */
911 #if defined(CONFIG_VDI_BLOCK_SIZE)
912 block_size = qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts,
913 BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE,
914 DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE);
915 if (block_size < BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE || block_size > UINT32_MAX ||
916 !is_power_of_2(block_size))
918 error_setg(errp, "Invalid cluster size");
923 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_STATIC, false)) {
927 qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict_filtered(opts, NULL, &vdi_create_opts, true);
929 /* Create and open the file (protocol layer) */
930 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, errp);
935 bs_file = bdrv_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
936 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, errp);
942 qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "vdi");
943 qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs_file->node_name);
945 qdict_put_str(qdict, "preallocation", "metadata");
948 /* Get the QAPI object */
949 v = qobject_input_visitor_new_flat_confused(qdict, errp);
954 visit_type_BlockdevCreateOptions(v, NULL, &create_options, &local_err);
958 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
963 /* Silently round up size */
964 assert(create_options->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_VDI);
965 create_options->u.vdi.size = ROUND_UP(create_options->u.vdi.size,
968 /* Create the vdi image (format layer) */
969 ret = vdi_co_do_create(create_options, block_size, errp);
971 qobject_unref(qdict);
972 qapi_free_BlockdevCreateOptions(create_options);
977 static void vdi_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
979 BDRVVdiState *s = bs->opaque;
983 migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
984 error_free(s->migration_blocker);
987 static QemuOptsList vdi_create_opts = {
988 .name = "vdi-create-opts",
989 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vdi_create_opts.head),
992 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
993 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
994 .help = "Virtual disk size"
996 #if defined(CONFIG_VDI_BLOCK_SIZE)
998 .name = BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE,
999 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
1000 .help = "VDI cluster (block) size",
1001 .def_value_str = stringify(DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE)
1004 #if defined(CONFIG_VDI_STATIC_IMAGE)
1006 .name = BLOCK_OPT_STATIC,
1007 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1008 .help = "VDI static (pre-allocated) image",
1009 .def_value_str = "off"
1012 /* TODO: An additional option to set UUID values might be useful. */
1013 { /* end of list */ }
1017 static BlockDriver bdrv_vdi = {
1018 .format_name = "vdi",
1019 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVVdiState),
1020 .bdrv_probe = vdi_probe,
1021 .bdrv_open = vdi_open,
1022 .bdrv_close = vdi_close,
1023 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vdi_reopen_prepare,
1024 .bdrv_child_perm = bdrv_format_default_perms,
1025 .bdrv_co_create = vdi_co_create,
1026 .bdrv_co_create_opts = vdi_co_create_opts,
1027 .bdrv_has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init_1,
1028 .bdrv_co_block_status = vdi_co_block_status,
1029 .bdrv_make_empty = vdi_make_empty,
1031 .bdrv_co_preadv = vdi_co_preadv,
1032 #if defined(CONFIG_VDI_WRITE)
1033 .bdrv_co_pwritev = vdi_co_pwritev,
1036 .bdrv_get_info = vdi_get_info,
1038 .create_opts = &vdi_create_opts,
1039 .bdrv_co_check = vdi_co_check,
1042 static void bdrv_vdi_init(void)
1045 bdrv_register(&bdrv_vdi);
1048 block_init(bdrv_vdi_init);