6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
20 #include "qemu-common.h"
21 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
22 #include "block/block_int.h"
23 #include "block/nbd.h"
24 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
25 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
26 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
27 #include "block/snapshot.h"
28 #include "qapi/util.h"
29 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
30 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
31 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
34 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #define SOCKET_PATH "/var/lock/qemu-nbd-%s"
40 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE 1
41 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO 2
42 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD 3
43 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES 4
44 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT 5
45 #define QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS 6
47 static NBDExport *exp;
51 static SocketAddress *saddr;
52 static int persistent = 0;
53 static enum { RUNNING, TERMINATE, TERMINATING, TERMINATED } state;
54 static int shared = 1;
56 static QIOChannelSocket *server_ioc;
57 static int server_watch = -1;
58 static QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
60 static void usage(const char *name)
63 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE\n"
64 "QEMU Disk Network Block Device Server\n"
66 " -h, --help display this help and exit\n"
67 " -V, --version output version information and exit\n"
69 "Connection properties:\n"
70 " -p, --port=PORT port to listen on (default `%d')\n"
71 " -b, --bind=IFACE interface to bind to (default `0.0.0.0')\n"
72 " -k, --socket=PATH path to the unix socket\n"
73 " (default '"SOCKET_PATH"')\n"
74 " -e, --shared=NUM device can be shared by NUM clients (default '1')\n"
75 " -t, --persistent don't exit on the last connection\n"
76 " -v, --verbose display extra debugging information\n"
78 "Exposing part of the image:\n"
79 " -o, --offset=OFFSET offset into the image\n"
80 " -P, --partition=NUM only expose partition NUM\n"
82 "General purpose options:\n"
83 " --object type,id=ID,... define an object such as 'secret' for providing\n"
84 " passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
86 "Kernel NBD client support:\n"
87 " -c, --connect=DEV connect FILE to the local NBD device DEV\n"
88 " -d, --disconnect disconnect the specified device\n"
92 "Block device options:\n"
93 " -f, --format=FORMAT set image format (raw, qcow2, ...)\n"
94 " -r, --read-only export read-only\n"
95 " -s, --snapshot use FILE as an external snapshot, create a temporary\n"
96 " file with backing_file=FILE, redirect the write to\n"
97 " the temporary one\n"
98 " -l, --load-snapshot=SNAPSHOT_PARAM\n"
99 " load an internal snapshot inside FILE and export it\n"
100 " as an read-only device, SNAPSHOT_PARAM format is\n"
101 " 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
103 " -n, --nocache disable host cache\n"
104 " --cache=MODE set cache mode (none, writeback, ...)\n"
105 " --aio=MODE set AIO mode (native or threads)\n"
106 " --discard=MODE set discard mode (ignore, unmap)\n"
107 " --detect-zeroes=MODE set detect-zeroes mode (off, on, unmap)\n"
110 , name, NBD_DEFAULT_PORT, "DEVICE");
113 static void version(const char *name)
117 "Written by Anthony Liguori.\n"
120 "This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO\n"
121 "warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
125 struct partition_record
129 uint32_t start_cylinder;
130 uint8_t start_sector;
133 uint8_t end_cylinder;
135 uint32_t start_sector_abs;
136 uint32_t nb_sectors_abs;
139 static void read_partition(uint8_t *p, struct partition_record *r)
142 r->start_head = p[1];
143 r->start_cylinder = p[3] | ((p[2] << 2) & 0x0300);
144 r->start_sector = p[2] & 0x3f;
147 r->end_cylinder = p[7] | ((p[6] << 2) & 0x300);
148 r->end_sector = p[6] & 0x3f;
150 r->start_sector_abs = le32_to_cpup((uint32_t *)(p + 8));
151 r->nb_sectors_abs = le32_to_cpup((uint32_t *)(p + 12));
154 static int find_partition(BlockBackend *blk, int partition,
155 off_t *offset, off_t *size)
157 struct partition_record mbr[4];
163 if ((ret = blk_read(blk, 0, data, 1)) < 0) {
164 error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
168 if (data[510] != 0x55 || data[511] != 0xaa) {
172 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
173 read_partition(&data[446 + 16 * i], &mbr[i]);
175 if (!mbr[i].system || !mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs) {
179 if (mbr[i].system == 0xF || mbr[i].system == 0x5) {
180 struct partition_record ext[4];
184 if ((ret = blk_read(blk, mbr[i].start_sector_abs, data1, 1)) < 0) {
185 error_report("error while reading: %s", strerror(-ret));
189 for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
190 read_partition(&data1[446 + 16 * j], &ext[j]);
191 if (!ext[j].system || !ext[j].nb_sectors_abs) {
195 if ((ext_partnum + j + 1) == partition) {
196 *offset = (uint64_t)ext[j].start_sector_abs << 9;
197 *size = (uint64_t)ext[j].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
202 } else if ((i + 1) == partition) {
203 *offset = (uint64_t)mbr[i].start_sector_abs << 9;
204 *size = (uint64_t)mbr[i].nb_sectors_abs << 9;
212 static void termsig_handler(int signum)
219 static void *show_parts(void *arg)
224 /* linux just needs an open() to trigger
225 * the partition table update
226 * but remember to load the module with max_part != 0 :
227 * modprobe nbd max_part=63
229 nbd = open(device, O_RDWR);
236 static void *nbd_client_thread(void *arg)
241 QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
244 pthread_t show_parts_thread;
245 Error *local_error = NULL;
247 sioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
248 if (qio_channel_socket_connect_sync(sioc,
251 error_report_err(local_error);
255 ret = nbd_receive_negotiate(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), NULL, &nbdflags,
257 &size, &local_error);
260 error_report_err(local_error);
265 fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
267 /* Linux-only, we can use %m in printf. */
268 error_report("Failed to open %s: %m", device);
272 ret = nbd_init(fd, sioc, nbdflags, size);
277 /* update partition table */
278 pthread_create(&show_parts_thread, NULL, show_parts, device);
281 fprintf(stderr, "NBD device %s is now connected to %s\n",
284 /* Close stderr so that the qemu-nbd process exits. */
285 dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
288 ret = nbd_client(fd);
293 object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
294 kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
295 return (void *) EXIT_SUCCESS;
300 object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
302 kill(getpid(), SIGTERM);
303 return (void *) EXIT_FAILURE;
306 static int nbd_can_accept(void)
308 return nb_fds < shared;
311 static void nbd_export_closed(NBDExport *exp)
313 assert(state == TERMINATING);
317 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void);
319 static void nbd_client_closed(NBDClient *client)
322 if (nb_fds == 0 && !persistent && state == RUNNING) {
325 nbd_update_server_watch();
326 nbd_client_put(client);
329 static gboolean nbd_accept(QIOChannel *ioc, GIOCondition cond, gpointer opaque)
331 QIOChannelSocket *cioc;
333 cioc = qio_channel_socket_accept(QIO_CHANNEL_SOCKET(ioc),
339 if (state >= TERMINATE) {
340 object_unref(OBJECT(cioc));
345 nbd_update_server_watch();
346 nbd_client_new(newproto ? NULL : exp, cioc,
347 tlscreds, NULL, nbd_client_closed);
348 object_unref(OBJECT(cioc));
353 static void nbd_update_server_watch(void)
355 if (nbd_can_accept()) {
356 if (server_watch == -1) {
357 server_watch = qio_channel_add_watch(QIO_CHANNEL(server_ioc),
363 if (server_watch != -1) {
364 g_source_remove(server_watch);
371 static SocketAddress *nbd_build_socket_address(const char *sockpath,
375 SocketAddress *saddr;
377 saddr = g_new0(SocketAddress, 1);
379 saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_KIND_UNIX;
380 saddr->u.q_unix = g_new0(UnixSocketAddress, 1);
381 saddr->u.q_unix->path = g_strdup(sockpath);
383 saddr->type = SOCKET_ADDRESS_KIND_INET;
384 saddr->u.inet = g_new0(InetSocketAddress, 1);
385 saddr->u.inet->host = g_strdup(bindto);
387 saddr->u.inet->port = g_strdup(port);
389 saddr->u.inet->port = g_strdup_printf("%d", NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
397 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
399 .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
400 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
408 static QCryptoTLSCreds *nbd_get_tls_creds(const char *id, Error **errp)
411 QCryptoTLSCreds *creds;
413 obj = object_resolve_path_component(
414 object_get_objects_root(), id);
416 error_setg(errp, "No TLS credentials with id '%s'",
420 creds = (QCryptoTLSCreds *)
421 object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS);
423 error_setg(errp, "Object with id '%s' is not TLS credentials",
428 if (creds->endpoint != QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_ENDPOINT_SERVER) {
430 "Expecting TLS credentials with a server endpoint");
438 int main(int argc, char **argv)
441 BlockDriverState *bs;
442 off_t dev_offset = 0;
443 uint32_t nbdflags = 0;
444 bool disconnect = false;
445 const char *bindto = "0.0.0.0";
446 const char *port = NULL;
447 char *sockpath = NULL;
450 QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
451 const char *sn_id_or_name = NULL;
452 const char *sopt = "hVb:o:p:rsnP:c:dvk:e:f:tl:x:";
453 struct option lopt[] = {
454 { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
455 { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
456 { "bind", 1, NULL, 'b' },
457 { "port", 1, NULL, 'p' },
458 { "socket", 1, NULL, 'k' },
459 { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
460 { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
461 { "partition", 1, NULL, 'P' },
462 { "connect", 1, NULL, 'c' },
463 { "disconnect", 0, NULL, 'd' },
464 { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
465 { "load-snapshot", 1, NULL, 'l' },
466 { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
467 { "cache", 1, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE },
468 { "aio", 1, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO },
469 { "discard", 1, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD },
470 { "detect-zeroes", 1, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES },
471 { "shared", 1, NULL, 'e' },
472 { "format", 1, NULL, 'f' },
473 { "persistent", 0, NULL, 't' },
474 { "verbose", 0, NULL, 'v' },
475 { "object", 1, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT },
476 { "export-name", 1, NULL, 'x' },
477 { "tls-creds", 1, NULL, QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS },
483 int flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
486 bool seen_cache = false;
487 bool seen_discard = false;
488 bool seen_aio = false;
489 pthread_t client_thread;
490 const char *fmt = NULL;
491 Error *local_err = NULL;
492 BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions detect_zeroes = BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF;
493 QDict *options = NULL;
494 const char *export_name = NULL;
495 const char *tlscredsid = NULL;
497 /* The client thread uses SIGTERM to interrupt the server. A signal
498 * handler ensures that "qemu-nbd -v -c" exits with a nice status code.
500 struct sigaction sa_sigterm;
501 memset(&sa_sigterm, 0, sizeof(sa_sigterm));
502 sa_sigterm.sa_handler = termsig_handler;
503 sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa_sigterm, NULL);
504 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
505 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
506 qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
508 while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_ind)) != -1) {
511 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
514 optarg = (char *) "none";
516 case QEMU_NBD_OPT_CACHE:
518 error_report("-n and --cache can only be specified once");
522 if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(optarg, &flags) == -1) {
523 error_report("Invalid cache mode `%s'", optarg);
527 case QEMU_NBD_OPT_AIO:
529 error_report("--aio can only be specified once");
533 if (!strcmp(optarg, "native")) {
534 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
535 } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "threads")) {
536 /* this is the default */
538 error_report("invalid aio mode `%s'", optarg);
542 case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DISCARD:
544 error_report("--discard can only be specified once");
548 if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) == -1) {
549 error_report("Invalid discard mode `%s'", optarg);
553 case QEMU_NBD_OPT_DETECT_ZEROES:
555 qapi_enum_parse(BlockdevDetectZeroesOptions_lookup,
557 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS__MAX,
558 BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_OFF,
561 error_reportf_err(local_err,
562 "Failed to parse detect_zeroes mode: ");
565 if (detect_zeroes == BLOCKDEV_DETECT_ZEROES_OPTIONS_UNMAP &&
566 !(flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP)) {
567 error_report("setting detect-zeroes to unmap is not allowed "
568 "without setting discard operation to unmap");
579 dev_offset = strtoll (optarg, &end, 0);
581 error_report("Invalid offset `%s'", optarg);
584 if (dev_offset < 0) {
585 error_report("Offset must be positive `%s'", optarg);
590 if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
591 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
594 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param `%s'",
599 sn_id_or_name = optarg;
603 nbdflags |= NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY;
604 flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
607 partition = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
609 error_report("Invalid partition `%s'", optarg);
612 if (partition < 1 || partition > 8) {
613 error_report("Invalid partition %d", partition);
619 if (sockpath[0] != '/') {
620 error_report("socket path must be absolute");
631 shared = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
633 error_report("Invalid shared device number '%s'", optarg);
637 error_report("Shared device number must be greater than 0");
648 export_name = optarg;
662 error_report("Try `%s --help' for more information.", argv[0]);
664 case QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT: {
666 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
672 case QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS:
678 if ((argc - optind) != 1) {
679 error_report("Invalid number of arguments");
680 error_printf("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n", argv[0]);
684 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
685 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
687 error_report_err(local_err);
693 error_report("TLS is only supported with IPv4/IPv6");
697 error_report("TLS is not supported with a host device");
701 /* Set the default NBD protocol export name, since
702 * we *must* use new style protocol for TLS */
705 tlscreds = nbd_get_tls_creds(tlscredsid, &local_err);
707 error_report("Failed to get TLS creds %s",
708 error_get_pretty(local_err));
714 int nbdfd = open(argv[optind], O_RDWR);
716 error_report("Cannot open %s: %s", argv[optind],
720 nbd_disconnect(nbdfd);
724 printf("%s disconnected\n", argv[optind]);
729 if (device && !verbose) {
734 if (qemu_pipe(stderr_fd) < 0) {
735 error_report("Error setting up communication pipe: %s",
740 /* Now daemonize, but keep a communication channel open to
741 * print errors and exit with the proper status code.
745 error_report("Failed to fork: %s", strerror(errno));
747 } else if (pid == 0) {
749 ret = qemu_daemon(1, 0);
751 /* Temporarily redirect stderr to the parent's pipe... */
752 dup2(stderr_fd[1], STDERR_FILENO);
754 error_report("Failed to daemonize: %s", strerror(errno));
758 /* ... close the descriptor we inherited and go on. */
764 /* In the parent. Print error messages from the child until
765 * it closes the pipe.
768 buf = g_malloc(1024);
769 while ((ret = read(stderr_fd[0], buf, 1024)) > 0) {
771 ret = qemu_write_full(STDERR_FILENO, buf, ret);
777 error_report("Cannot read from daemon: %s",
782 /* Usually the daemon should not print any message.
783 * Exit with zero status in that case.
789 if (device != NULL && sockpath == NULL) {
790 sockpath = g_malloc(128);
791 snprintf(sockpath, 128, SOCKET_PATH, basename(device));
794 saddr = nbd_build_socket_address(sockpath, bindto, port);
796 if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_err)) {
797 error_report_err(local_err);
801 atexit(bdrv_close_all);
804 options = qdict_new();
805 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(fmt));
808 srcpath = argv[optind];
809 blk = blk_new_open("hda", srcpath, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
811 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to blk_new_open '%s': ",
818 ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs,
819 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
820 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
822 } else if (sn_id_or_name) {
823 ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs, sn_id_or_name,
827 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
831 bs->detect_zeroes = detect_zeroes;
832 fd_size = blk_getlength(blk);
834 error_report("Failed to determine the image length: %s",
839 if (partition != -1) {
840 ret = find_partition(blk, partition, &dev_offset, &fd_size);
842 error_report("Could not find partition %d: %s", partition,
848 exp = nbd_export_new(blk, dev_offset, fd_size, nbdflags, nbd_export_closed,
851 error_report_err(local_err);
855 nbd_export_set_name(exp, export_name);
859 server_ioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
860 if (qio_channel_socket_listen_sync(server_ioc, saddr, &local_err) < 0) {
861 object_unref(OBJECT(server_ioc));
862 error_report_err(local_err);
869 ret = pthread_create(&client_thread, NULL, nbd_client_thread, device);
871 error_report("Failed to create client thread: %s", strerror(ret));
875 /* Shut up GCC warnings. */
876 memset(&client_thread, 0, sizeof(client_thread));
879 nbd_update_server_watch();
881 /* now when the initialization is (almost) complete, chdir("/")
882 * to free any busy filesystems */
883 if (chdir("/") < 0) {
884 error_report("Could not chdir to root directory: %s",
891 main_loop_wait(false);
892 if (state == TERMINATE) {
894 nbd_export_close(exp);
898 } while (state != TERMINATED);
905 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
909 pthread_join(client_thread, &ret);