1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Dynamic function tracer architecture backend.
5 * Copyright IBM Corp. 2009,2014
11 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
12 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
13 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
14 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
16 #include <linux/types.h>
17 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
18 #include <trace/syscall.h>
19 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
20 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
21 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
25 * The mcount code looks like this:
26 * stg %r14,8(%r15) # offset 0
27 * larl %r1,<&counter> # offset 6
28 * brasl %r14,_mcount # offset 12
29 * lg %r14,8(%r15) # offset 18
30 * Total length is 24 bytes. Only the first instruction will be patched
31 * by ftrace_make_call / ftrace_make_nop.
32 * The enabled ftrace code block looks like this:
33 * > brasl %r0,ftrace_caller # offset 0
34 * larl %r1,<&counter> # offset 6
35 * brasl %r14,_mcount # offset 12
36 * lg %r14,8(%r15) # offset 18
37 * The ftrace function gets called with a non-standard C function call ABI
38 * where r0 contains the return address. It is also expected that the called
39 * function only clobbers r0 and r1, but restores r2-r15.
40 * For module code we can't directly jump to ftrace caller, but need a
41 * trampoline (ftrace_plt), which clobbers also r1.
42 * The return point of the ftrace function has offset 24, so execution
43 * continues behind the mcount block.
44 * The disabled ftrace code block looks like this:
45 * > jg .+24 # offset 0
46 * larl %r1,<&counter> # offset 6
47 * brasl %r14,_mcount # offset 12
48 * lg %r14,8(%r15) # offset 18
49 * The jg instruction branches to offset 24 to skip as many instructions
51 * In case we use gcc's hotpatch feature the original and also the disabled
52 * function prologue contains only a single six byte instruction and looks
54 * > brcl 0,0 # offset 0
55 * To enable ftrace the code gets patched like above and afterwards looks
57 * > brasl %r0,ftrace_caller # offset 0
60 unsigned long ftrace_plt;
62 static inline void ftrace_generate_orig_insn(struct ftrace_insn *insn)
64 #if defined(CC_USING_HOTPATCH) || defined(CC_USING_NOP_MCOUNT)
71 insn->disp = 0xf0080024;
75 int ftrace_modify_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long old_addr,
81 int ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod, struct dyn_ftrace *rec,
84 struct ftrace_insn orig, new, old;
86 if (copy_from_kernel_nofault(&old, (void *) rec->ip, sizeof(old)))
88 if (addr == MCOUNT_ADDR) {
89 /* Initial code replacement */
90 ftrace_generate_orig_insn(&orig);
91 ftrace_generate_nop_insn(&new);
93 /* Replace ftrace call with a nop. */
94 ftrace_generate_call_insn(&orig, rec->ip);
95 ftrace_generate_nop_insn(&new);
97 /* Verify that the to be replaced code matches what we expect. */
98 if (memcmp(&orig, &old, sizeof(old)))
100 s390_kernel_write((void *) rec->ip, &new, sizeof(new));
104 int ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
106 struct ftrace_insn orig, new, old;
108 if (copy_from_kernel_nofault(&old, (void *) rec->ip, sizeof(old)))
110 /* Replace nop with an ftrace call. */
111 ftrace_generate_nop_insn(&orig);
112 ftrace_generate_call_insn(&new, rec->ip);
114 /* Verify that the to be replaced code matches what we expect. */
115 if (memcmp(&orig, &old, sizeof(old)))
117 s390_kernel_write((void *) rec->ip, &new, sizeof(new));
121 int ftrace_update_ftrace_func(ftrace_func_t func)
126 int __init ftrace_dyn_arch_init(void)
131 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
133 static int __init ftrace_plt_init(void)
137 ftrace_plt = (unsigned long) module_alloc(PAGE_SIZE);
139 panic("cannot allocate ftrace plt\n");
140 ip = (unsigned int *) ftrace_plt;
141 ip[0] = 0x0d10e310; /* basr 1,0; lg 1,10(1); br 1 */
144 ip[3] = FTRACE_ADDR >> 32;
145 ip[4] = FTRACE_ADDR & 0xffffffff;
146 set_memory_ro(ftrace_plt, 1);
149 device_initcall(ftrace_plt_init);
151 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
153 #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
155 * Hook the return address and push it in the stack of return addresses
156 * in current thread info.
158 unsigned long prepare_ftrace_return(unsigned long ra, unsigned long sp,
161 if (unlikely(ftrace_graph_is_dead()))
163 if (unlikely(atomic_read(¤t->tracing_graph_pause)))
165 ip -= MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE;
166 if (!function_graph_enter(ra, ip, 0, (void *) sp))
167 ra = (unsigned long) return_to_handler;
171 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(prepare_ftrace_return);
174 * Patch the kernel code at ftrace_graph_caller location. The instruction
175 * there is branch relative on condition. To enable the ftrace graph code
176 * block, we simply patch the mask field of the instruction to zero and
177 * turn the instruction into a nop.
178 * To disable the ftrace graph code the mask field will be patched to
179 * all ones, which turns the instruction into an unconditional branch.
181 int ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller(void)
183 u8 op = 0x04; /* set mask field to zero */
185 s390_kernel_write(__va(ftrace_graph_caller)+1, &op, sizeof(op));
189 int ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller(void)
191 u8 op = 0xf4; /* set mask field to all ones */
193 s390_kernel_write(__va(ftrace_graph_caller)+1, &op, sizeof(op));
197 #endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */
199 #ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
200 void kprobe_ftrace_handler(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
201 struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct pt_regs *regs)
203 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;
204 struct kprobe *p = get_kprobe((kprobe_opcode_t *)ip);
206 if (unlikely(!p) || kprobe_disabled(p))
209 if (kprobe_running()) {
210 kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);
214 __this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, p);
216 kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
217 kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE;
219 instruction_pointer_set(regs, ip);
221 if (!p->pre_handler || !p->pre_handler(p, regs)) {
223 instruction_pointer_set(regs, ip + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
225 if (unlikely(p->post_handler)) {
226 kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE;
227 p->post_handler(p, regs, 0);
230 __this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, NULL);
232 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_ftrace_handler);
234 int arch_prepare_kprobe_ftrace(struct kprobe *p)
236 p->ainsn.insn = NULL;