1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_KERNEL_H
3 #define _LINUX_KERNEL_H
7 #include <linux/limits.h>
8 #include <linux/linkage.h>
9 #include <linux/stddef.h>
10 #include <linux/types.h>
11 #include <linux/compiler.h>
12 #include <linux/bitops.h>
13 #include <linux/log2.h>
14 #include <linux/minmax.h>
15 #include <linux/typecheck.h>
16 #include <linux/printk.h>
17 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
18 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
19 #include <asm/div64.h>
20 #include <uapi/linux/kernel.h>
22 #define STACK_MAGIC 0xdeadbeef
25 * REPEAT_BYTE - repeat the value @x multiple times as an unsigned long value
28 * NOTE: @x is not checked for > 0xff; larger values produce odd results.
30 #define REPEAT_BYTE(x) ((~0ul / 0xff) * (x))
32 /* @a is a power of 2 value */
33 #define ALIGN(x, a) __ALIGN_KERNEL((x), (a))
34 #define ALIGN_DOWN(x, a) __ALIGN_KERNEL((x) - ((a) - 1), (a))
35 #define __ALIGN_MASK(x, mask) __ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK((x), (mask))
36 #define PTR_ALIGN(p, a) ((typeof(p))ALIGN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))
37 #define PTR_ALIGN_DOWN(p, a) ((typeof(p))ALIGN_DOWN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))
38 #define IS_ALIGNED(x, a) (((x) & ((typeof(x))(a) - 1)) == 0)
40 /* generic data direction definitions */
45 * ARRAY_SIZE - get the number of elements in array @arr
46 * @arr: array to be sized
48 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]) + __must_be_array(arr))
50 #define u64_to_user_ptr(x) ( \
52 typecheck(u64, (x)); \
53 (void __user *)(uintptr_t)(x); \
58 * This looks more complex than it should be. But we need to
59 * get the type for the ~ right in round_down (it needs to be
60 * as wide as the result!), and we want to evaluate the macro
61 * arguments just once each.
63 #define __round_mask(x, y) ((__typeof__(x))((y)-1))
65 * round_up - round up to next specified power of 2
66 * @x: the value to round
67 * @y: multiple to round up to (must be a power of 2)
69 * Rounds @x up to next multiple of @y (which must be a power of 2).
70 * To perform arbitrary rounding up, use roundup() below.
72 #define round_up(x, y) ((((x)-1) | __round_mask(x, y))+1)
74 * round_down - round down to next specified power of 2
75 * @x: the value to round
76 * @y: multiple to round down to (must be a power of 2)
78 * Rounds @x down to next multiple of @y (which must be a power of 2).
79 * To perform arbitrary rounding down, use rounddown() below.
81 #define round_down(x, y) ((x) & ~__round_mask(x, y))
83 #define typeof_member(T, m) typeof(((T*)0)->m)
85 #define DIV_ROUND_UP __KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP
87 #define DIV_ROUND_DOWN_ULL(ll, d) \
88 ({ unsigned long long _tmp = (ll); do_div(_tmp, d); _tmp; })
90 #define DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL(ll, d) \
91 DIV_ROUND_DOWN_ULL((unsigned long long)(ll) + (d) - 1, (d))
93 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
94 # define DIV_ROUND_UP_SECTOR_T(ll,d) DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL(ll, d)
96 # define DIV_ROUND_UP_SECTOR_T(ll,d) DIV_ROUND_UP(ll,d)
100 * roundup - round up to the next specified multiple
101 * @x: the value to up
102 * @y: multiple to round up to
104 * Rounds @x up to next multiple of @y. If @y will always be a power
105 * of 2, consider using the faster round_up().
107 #define roundup(x, y) ( \
110 (((x) + (__y - 1)) / __y) * __y; \
114 * rounddown - round down to next specified multiple
115 * @x: the value to round
116 * @y: multiple to round down to
118 * Rounds @x down to next multiple of @y. If @y will always be a power
119 * of 2, consider using the faster round_down().
121 #define rounddown(x, y) ( \
123 typeof(x) __x = (x); \
129 * Divide positive or negative dividend by positive or negative divisor
130 * and round to closest integer. Result is undefined for negative
131 * divisors if the dividend variable type is unsigned and for negative
132 * dividends if the divisor variable type is unsigned.
134 #define DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(x, divisor)( \
137 typeof(divisor) __d = divisor; \
138 (((typeof(x))-1) > 0 || \
139 ((typeof(divisor))-1) > 0 || \
140 (((__x) > 0) == ((__d) > 0))) ? \
141 (((__x) + ((__d) / 2)) / (__d)) : \
142 (((__x) - ((__d) / 2)) / (__d)); \
146 * Same as above but for u64 dividends. divisor must be a 32-bit
149 #define DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST_ULL(x, divisor)( \
151 typeof(divisor) __d = divisor; \
152 unsigned long long _tmp = (x) + (__d) / 2; \
159 * Multiplies an integer by a fraction, while avoiding unnecessary
160 * overflow or loss of precision.
162 #define mult_frac(x, numer, denom)( \
164 typeof(x) quot = (x) / (denom); \
165 typeof(x) rem = (x) % (denom); \
166 (quot * (numer)) + ((rem * (numer)) / (denom)); \
171 #define _RET_IP_ (unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0)
172 #define _THIS_IP_ ({ __label__ __here; __here: (unsigned long)&&__here; })
174 #define sector_div(a, b) do_div(a, b)
177 * upper_32_bits - return bits 32-63 of a number
178 * @n: the number we're accessing
180 * A basic shift-right of a 64- or 32-bit quantity. Use this to suppress
181 * the "right shift count >= width of type" warning when that quantity is
184 #define upper_32_bits(n) ((u32)(((n) >> 16) >> 16))
187 * lower_32_bits - return bits 0-31 of a number
188 * @n: the number we're accessing
190 #define lower_32_bits(n) ((u32)((n) & 0xffffffff))
196 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY
197 extern int _cond_resched(void);
198 # define might_resched() _cond_resched()
200 # define might_resched() do { } while (0)
203 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP
204 extern void ___might_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset);
205 extern void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset);
206 extern void __cant_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset);
207 extern void __cant_migrate(const char *file, int line);
210 * might_sleep - annotation for functions that can sleep
212 * this macro will print a stack trace if it is executed in an atomic
213 * context (spinlock, irq-handler, ...). Additional sections where blocking is
214 * not allowed can be annotated with non_block_start() and non_block_end()
217 * This is a useful debugging help to be able to catch problems early and not
218 * be bitten later when the calling function happens to sleep when it is not
221 # define might_sleep() \
222 do { __might_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__, 0); might_resched(); } while (0)
224 * cant_sleep - annotation for functions that cannot sleep
226 * this macro will print a stack trace if it is executed with preemption enabled
228 # define cant_sleep() \
229 do { __cant_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__, 0); } while (0)
230 # define sched_annotate_sleep() (current->task_state_change = 0)
233 * cant_migrate - annotation for functions that cannot migrate
235 * Will print a stack trace if executed in code which is migratable
237 # define cant_migrate() \
239 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP)) \
240 __cant_migrate(__FILE__, __LINE__); \
244 * non_block_start - annotate the start of section where sleeping is prohibited
246 * This is on behalf of the oom reaper, specifically when it is calling the mmu
247 * notifiers. The problem is that if the notifier were to block on, for example,
248 * mutex_lock() and if the process which holds that mutex were to perform a
249 * sleeping memory allocation, the oom reaper is now blocked on completion of
250 * that memory allocation. Other blocking calls like wait_event() pose similar
253 # define non_block_start() (current->non_block_count++)
255 * non_block_end - annotate the end of section where sleeping is prohibited
257 * Closes a section opened by non_block_start().
259 # define non_block_end() WARN_ON(current->non_block_count-- == 0)
261 static inline void ___might_sleep(const char *file, int line,
262 int preempt_offset) { }
263 static inline void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line,
264 int preempt_offset) { }
265 # define might_sleep() do { might_resched(); } while (0)
266 # define cant_sleep() do { } while (0)
267 # define cant_migrate() do { } while (0)
268 # define sched_annotate_sleep() do { } while (0)
269 # define non_block_start() do { } while (0)
270 # define non_block_end() do { } while (0)
273 #define might_sleep_if(cond) do { if (cond) might_sleep(); } while (0)
276 * abs - return absolute value of an argument
277 * @x: the value. If it is unsigned type, it is converted to signed type first.
278 * char is treated as if it was signed (regardless of whether it really is)
279 * but the macro's return type is preserved as char.
281 * Return: an absolute value of x.
283 #define abs(x) __abs_choose_expr(x, long long, \
284 __abs_choose_expr(x, long, \
285 __abs_choose_expr(x, int, \
286 __abs_choose_expr(x, short, \
287 __abs_choose_expr(x, char, \
288 __builtin_choose_expr( \
289 __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), char), \
290 (char)({ signed char __x = (x); __x<0?-__x:__x; }), \
293 #define __abs_choose_expr(x, type, other) __builtin_choose_expr( \
294 __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), signed type) || \
295 __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), unsigned type), \
296 ({ signed type __x = (x); __x < 0 ? -__x : __x; }), other)
299 * reciprocal_scale - "scale" a value into range [0, ep_ro)
301 * @ep_ro: right open interval endpoint
303 * Perform a "reciprocal multiplication" in order to "scale" a value into
304 * range [0, @ep_ro), where the upper interval endpoint is right-open.
305 * This is useful, e.g. for accessing a index of an array containing
306 * @ep_ro elements, for example. Think of it as sort of modulus, only that
307 * the result isn't that of modulo. ;) Note that if initial input is a
308 * small value, then result will return 0.
310 * Return: a result based on @val in interval [0, @ep_ro).
312 static inline u32 reciprocal_scale(u32 val, u32 ep_ro)
314 return (u32)(((u64) val * ep_ro) >> 32);
317 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && \
318 (defined(CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING) || defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP))
319 #define might_fault() __might_fault(__FILE__, __LINE__)
320 void __might_fault(const char *file, int line);
322 static inline void might_fault(void) { }
325 extern struct atomic_notifier_head panic_notifier_list;
326 extern long (*panic_blink)(int state);
328 void panic(const char *fmt, ...) __noreturn __cold;
329 void nmi_panic(struct pt_regs *regs, const char *msg);
330 extern void oops_enter(void);
331 extern void oops_exit(void);
332 extern bool oops_may_print(void);
333 void do_exit(long error_code) __noreturn;
334 void complete_and_exit(struct completion *, long) __noreturn;
336 /* Internal, do not use. */
337 int __must_check _kstrtoul(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res);
338 int __must_check _kstrtol(const char *s, unsigned int base, long *res);
340 int __must_check kstrtoull(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned long long *res);
341 int __must_check kstrtoll(const char *s, unsigned int base, long long *res);
344 * kstrtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
345 * @s: The start of the string. The string must be null-terminated, and may also
346 * include a single newline before its terminating null. The first character
347 * may also be a plus sign, but not a minus sign.
348 * @base: The number base to use. The maximum supported base is 16. If base is
349 * given as 0, then the base of the string is automatically detected with the
350 * conventional semantics - If it begins with 0x the number will be parsed as a
351 * hexadecimal (case insensitive), if it otherwise begins with 0, it will be
352 * parsed as an octal number. Otherwise it will be parsed as a decimal.
353 * @res: Where to write the result of the conversion on success.
355 * Returns 0 on success, -ERANGE on overflow and -EINVAL on parsing error.
356 * Preferred over simple_strtoul(). Return code must be checked.
358 static inline int __must_check kstrtoul(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res)
361 * We want to shortcut function call, but
362 * __builtin_types_compatible_p(unsigned long, unsigned long long) = 0.
364 if (sizeof(unsigned long) == sizeof(unsigned long long) &&
365 __alignof__(unsigned long) == __alignof__(unsigned long long))
366 return kstrtoull(s, base, (unsigned long long *)res);
368 return _kstrtoul(s, base, res);
372 * kstrtol - convert a string to a long
373 * @s: The start of the string. The string must be null-terminated, and may also
374 * include a single newline before its terminating null. The first character
375 * may also be a plus sign or a minus sign.
376 * @base: The number base to use. The maximum supported base is 16. If base is
377 * given as 0, then the base of the string is automatically detected with the
378 * conventional semantics - If it begins with 0x the number will be parsed as a
379 * hexadecimal (case insensitive), if it otherwise begins with 0, it will be
380 * parsed as an octal number. Otherwise it will be parsed as a decimal.
381 * @res: Where to write the result of the conversion on success.
383 * Returns 0 on success, -ERANGE on overflow and -EINVAL on parsing error.
384 * Preferred over simple_strtol(). Return code must be checked.
386 static inline int __must_check kstrtol(const char *s, unsigned int base, long *res)
389 * We want to shortcut function call, but
390 * __builtin_types_compatible_p(long, long long) = 0.
392 if (sizeof(long) == sizeof(long long) &&
393 __alignof__(long) == __alignof__(long long))
394 return kstrtoll(s, base, (long long *)res);
396 return _kstrtol(s, base, res);
399 int __must_check kstrtouint(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned int *res);
400 int __must_check kstrtoint(const char *s, unsigned int base, int *res);
402 static inline int __must_check kstrtou64(const char *s, unsigned int base, u64 *res)
404 return kstrtoull(s, base, res);
407 static inline int __must_check kstrtos64(const char *s, unsigned int base, s64 *res)
409 return kstrtoll(s, base, res);
412 static inline int __must_check kstrtou32(const char *s, unsigned int base, u32 *res)
414 return kstrtouint(s, base, res);
417 static inline int __must_check kstrtos32(const char *s, unsigned int base, s32 *res)
419 return kstrtoint(s, base, res);
422 int __must_check kstrtou16(const char *s, unsigned int base, u16 *res);
423 int __must_check kstrtos16(const char *s, unsigned int base, s16 *res);
424 int __must_check kstrtou8(const char *s, unsigned int base, u8 *res);
425 int __must_check kstrtos8(const char *s, unsigned int base, s8 *res);
426 int __must_check kstrtobool(const char *s, bool *res);
428 int __must_check kstrtoull_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, unsigned long long *res);
429 int __must_check kstrtoll_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, long long *res);
430 int __must_check kstrtoul_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res);
431 int __must_check kstrtol_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, long *res);
432 int __must_check kstrtouint_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, unsigned int *res);
433 int __must_check kstrtoint_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, int *res);
434 int __must_check kstrtou16_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u16 *res);
435 int __must_check kstrtos16_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s16 *res);
436 int __must_check kstrtou8_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u8 *res);
437 int __must_check kstrtos8_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s8 *res);
438 int __must_check kstrtobool_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, bool *res);
440 static inline int __must_check kstrtou64_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u64 *res)
442 return kstrtoull_from_user(s, count, base, res);
445 static inline int __must_check kstrtos64_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s64 *res)
447 return kstrtoll_from_user(s, count, base, res);
450 static inline int __must_check kstrtou32_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u32 *res)
452 return kstrtouint_from_user(s, count, base, res);
455 static inline int __must_check kstrtos32_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s32 *res)
457 return kstrtoint_from_user(s, count, base, res);
461 * Use kstrto<foo> instead.
463 * NOTE: simple_strto<foo> does not check for the range overflow and,
464 * depending on the input, may give interesting results.
466 * Use these functions if and only if you cannot use kstrto<foo>, because
467 * the conversion ends on the first non-digit character, which may be far
468 * beyond the supported range. It might be useful to parse the strings like
469 * 10x50 or 12:21 without altering original string or temporary buffer in use.
470 * Keep in mind above caveat.
473 extern unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
474 extern long simple_strtol(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
475 extern unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
476 extern long long simple_strtoll(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
478 extern int num_to_str(char *buf, int size,
479 unsigned long long num, unsigned int width);
481 /* lib/printf utilities */
483 extern __printf(2, 3) int sprintf(char *buf, const char * fmt, ...);
484 extern __printf(2, 0) int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *, va_list);
485 extern __printf(3, 4)
486 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...);
487 extern __printf(3, 0)
488 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
489 extern __printf(3, 4)
490 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...);
491 extern __printf(3, 0)
492 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
493 extern __printf(2, 3) __malloc
494 char *kasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, ...);
495 extern __printf(2, 0) __malloc
496 char *kvasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);
497 extern __printf(2, 0)
498 const char *kvasprintf_const(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);
501 int sscanf(const char *, const char *, ...);
503 int vsscanf(const char *, const char *, va_list);
505 extern int get_option(char **str, int *pint);
506 extern char *get_options(const char *str, int nints, int *ints);
507 extern unsigned long long memparse(const char *ptr, char **retptr);
508 extern bool parse_option_str(const char *str, const char *option);
509 extern char *next_arg(char *args, char **param, char **val);
511 extern int core_kernel_text(unsigned long addr);
512 extern int init_kernel_text(unsigned long addr);
513 extern int core_kernel_data(unsigned long addr);
514 extern int __kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
515 extern int kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
516 extern int func_ptr_is_kernel_text(void *ptr);
518 u64 int_pow(u64 base, unsigned int exp);
519 unsigned long int_sqrt(unsigned long);
521 #if BITS_PER_LONG < 64
522 u32 int_sqrt64(u64 x);
524 static inline u32 int_sqrt64(u64 x)
526 return (u32)int_sqrt(x);
531 extern unsigned int sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace;
533 #define sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace 0
534 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
536 extern void bust_spinlocks(int yes);
537 extern int panic_timeout;
538 extern unsigned long panic_print;
539 extern int panic_on_oops;
540 extern int panic_on_unrecovered_nmi;
541 extern int panic_on_io_nmi;
542 extern int panic_on_warn;
543 extern unsigned long panic_on_taint;
544 extern bool panic_on_taint_nousertaint;
545 extern int sysctl_panic_on_rcu_stall;
546 extern int sysctl_max_rcu_stall_to_panic;
547 extern int sysctl_panic_on_stackoverflow;
549 extern bool crash_kexec_post_notifiers;
552 * panic_cpu is used for synchronizing panic() and crash_kexec() execution. It
553 * holds a CPU number which is executing panic() currently. A value of
554 * PANIC_CPU_INVALID means no CPU has entered panic() or crash_kexec().
556 extern atomic_t panic_cpu;
557 #define PANIC_CPU_INVALID -1
560 * Only to be used by arch init code. If the user over-wrote the default
561 * CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT, honor it.
563 static inline void set_arch_panic_timeout(int timeout, int arch_default_timeout)
565 if (panic_timeout == arch_default_timeout)
566 panic_timeout = timeout;
568 extern const char *print_tainted(void);
571 LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE
573 extern void add_taint(unsigned flag, enum lockdep_ok);
574 extern int test_taint(unsigned flag);
575 extern unsigned long get_taint(void);
576 extern int root_mountflags;
578 extern bool early_boot_irqs_disabled;
581 * Values used for system_state. Ordering of the states must not be changed
582 * as code checks for <, <=, >, >= STATE.
584 extern enum system_states {
594 /* This cannot be an enum because some may be used in assembly source. */
595 #define TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE 0
596 #define TAINT_FORCED_MODULE 1
597 #define TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC 2
598 #define TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD 3
599 #define TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK 4
600 #define TAINT_BAD_PAGE 5
603 #define TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE 8
605 #define TAINT_CRAP 10
606 #define TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND 11
607 #define TAINT_OOT_MODULE 12
608 #define TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE 13
609 #define TAINT_SOFTLOCKUP 14
610 #define TAINT_LIVEPATCH 15
612 #define TAINT_RANDSTRUCT 17
613 #define TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT 18
614 #define TAINT_FLAGS_MAX ((1UL << TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT) - 1)
617 char c_true; /* character printed when tainted */
618 char c_false; /* character printed when not tainted */
619 bool module; /* also show as a per-module taint flag */
622 extern const struct taint_flag taint_flags[TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT];
624 extern const char hex_asc[];
625 #define hex_asc_lo(x) hex_asc[((x) & 0x0f)]
626 #define hex_asc_hi(x) hex_asc[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
628 static inline char *hex_byte_pack(char *buf, u8 byte)
630 *buf++ = hex_asc_hi(byte);
631 *buf++ = hex_asc_lo(byte);
635 extern const char hex_asc_upper[];
636 #define hex_asc_upper_lo(x) hex_asc_upper[((x) & 0x0f)]
637 #define hex_asc_upper_hi(x) hex_asc_upper[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
639 static inline char *hex_byte_pack_upper(char *buf, u8 byte)
641 *buf++ = hex_asc_upper_hi(byte);
642 *buf++ = hex_asc_upper_lo(byte);
646 extern int hex_to_bin(char ch);
647 extern int __must_check hex2bin(u8 *dst, const char *src, size_t count);
648 extern char *bin2hex(char *dst, const void *src, size_t count);
650 bool mac_pton(const char *s, u8 *mac);
653 * General tracing related utility functions - trace_printk(),
654 * tracing_on/tracing_off and tracing_start()/tracing_stop
656 * Use tracing_on/tracing_off when you want to quickly turn on or off
657 * tracing. It simply enables or disables the recording of the trace events.
658 * This also corresponds to the user space /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on
659 * file, which gives a means for the kernel and userspace to interact.
660 * Place a tracing_off() in the kernel where you want tracing to end.
661 * From user space, examine the trace, and then echo 1 > tracing_on
662 * to continue tracing.
664 * tracing_stop/tracing_start has slightly more overhead. It is used
665 * by things like suspend to ram where disabling the recording of the
666 * trace is not enough, but tracing must actually stop because things
667 * like calling smp_processor_id() may crash the system.
669 * Most likely, you want to use tracing_on/tracing_off.
672 enum ftrace_dump_mode {
678 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACING
679 void tracing_on(void);
680 void tracing_off(void);
681 int tracing_is_on(void);
682 void tracing_snapshot(void);
683 void tracing_snapshot_alloc(void);
685 extern void tracing_start(void);
686 extern void tracing_stop(void);
688 static inline __printf(1, 2)
689 void ____trace_printk_check_format(const char *fmt, ...)
692 #define __trace_printk_check_format(fmt, args...) \
695 ____trace_printk_check_format(fmt, ##args); \
699 * trace_printk - printf formatting in the ftrace buffer
700 * @fmt: the printf format for printing
702 * Note: __trace_printk is an internal function for trace_printk() and
703 * the @ip is passed in via the trace_printk() macro.
705 * This function allows a kernel developer to debug fast path sections
706 * that printk is not appropriate for. By scattering in various
707 * printk like tracing in the code, a developer can quickly see
708 * where problems are occurring.
710 * This is intended as a debugging tool for the developer only.
711 * Please refrain from leaving trace_printks scattered around in
712 * your code. (Extra memory is used for special buffers that are
713 * allocated when trace_printk() is used.)
715 * A little optimization trick is done here. If there's only one
716 * argument, there's no need to scan the string for printf formats.
717 * The trace_puts() will suffice. But how can we take advantage of
718 * using trace_puts() when trace_printk() has only one argument?
719 * By stringifying the args and checking the size we can tell
720 * whether or not there are args. __stringify((__VA_ARGS__)) will
721 * turn into "()\0" with a size of 3 when there are no args, anything
722 * else will be bigger. All we need to do is define a string to this,
723 * and then take its size and compare to 3. If it's bigger, use
724 * do_trace_printk() otherwise, optimize it to trace_puts(). Then just
725 * let gcc optimize the rest.
728 #define trace_printk(fmt, ...) \
730 char _______STR[] = __stringify((__VA_ARGS__)); \
731 if (sizeof(_______STR) > 3) \
732 do_trace_printk(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
737 #define do_trace_printk(fmt, args...) \
739 static const char *trace_printk_fmt __used \
740 __section("__trace_printk_fmt") = \
741 __builtin_constant_p(fmt) ? fmt : NULL; \
743 __trace_printk_check_format(fmt, ##args); \
745 if (__builtin_constant_p(fmt)) \
746 __trace_bprintk(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt, ##args); \
748 __trace_printk(_THIS_IP_, fmt, ##args); \
751 extern __printf(2, 3)
752 int __trace_bprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...);
754 extern __printf(2, 3)
755 int __trace_printk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...);
758 * trace_puts - write a string into the ftrace buffer
759 * @str: the string to record
761 * Note: __trace_bputs is an internal function for trace_puts and
762 * the @ip is passed in via the trace_puts macro.
764 * This is similar to trace_printk() but is made for those really fast
765 * paths that a developer wants the least amount of "Heisenbug" effects,
766 * where the processing of the print format is still too much.
768 * This function allows a kernel developer to debug fast path sections
769 * that printk is not appropriate for. By scattering in various
770 * printk like tracing in the code, a developer can quickly see
771 * where problems are occurring.
773 * This is intended as a debugging tool for the developer only.
774 * Please refrain from leaving trace_puts scattered around in
775 * your code. (Extra memory is used for special buffers that are
776 * allocated when trace_puts() is used.)
778 * Returns: 0 if nothing was written, positive # if string was.
779 * (1 when __trace_bputs is used, strlen(str) when __trace_puts is used)
782 #define trace_puts(str) ({ \
783 static const char *trace_printk_fmt __used \
784 __section("__trace_printk_fmt") = \
785 __builtin_constant_p(str) ? str : NULL; \
787 if (__builtin_constant_p(str)) \
788 __trace_bputs(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt); \
790 __trace_puts(_THIS_IP_, str, strlen(str)); \
792 extern int __trace_bputs(unsigned long ip, const char *str);
793 extern int __trace_puts(unsigned long ip, const char *str, int size);
795 extern void trace_dump_stack(int skip);
798 * The double __builtin_constant_p is because gcc will give us an error
799 * if we try to allocate the static variable to fmt if it is not a
800 * constant. Even with the outer if statement.
802 #define ftrace_vprintk(fmt, vargs) \
804 if (__builtin_constant_p(fmt)) { \
805 static const char *trace_printk_fmt __used \
806 __section("__trace_printk_fmt") = \
807 __builtin_constant_p(fmt) ? fmt : NULL; \
809 __ftrace_vbprintk(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt, vargs); \
811 __ftrace_vprintk(_THIS_IP_, fmt, vargs); \
814 extern __printf(2, 0) int
815 __ftrace_vbprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
817 extern __printf(2, 0) int
818 __ftrace_vprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
820 extern void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode);
822 static inline void tracing_start(void) { }
823 static inline void tracing_stop(void) { }
824 static inline void trace_dump_stack(int skip) { }
826 static inline void tracing_on(void) { }
827 static inline void tracing_off(void) { }
828 static inline int tracing_is_on(void) { return 0; }
829 static inline void tracing_snapshot(void) { }
830 static inline void tracing_snapshot_alloc(void) { }
832 static inline __printf(1, 2)
833 int trace_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
837 static __printf(1, 0) inline int
838 ftrace_vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
842 static inline void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode) { }
843 #endif /* CONFIG_TRACING */
845 /* This counts to 12. Any more, it will return 13th argument. */
846 #define __COUNT_ARGS(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _n, X...) _n
847 #define COUNT_ARGS(X...) __COUNT_ARGS(, ##X, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
849 #define __CONCAT(a, b) a ## b
850 #define CONCATENATE(a, b) __CONCAT(a, b)
853 * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
854 * @ptr: the pointer to the member.
855 * @type: the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
856 * @member: the name of the member within the struct.
859 #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \
860 void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr); \
861 BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(ptr), ((type *)0)->member) && \
862 !__same_type(*(ptr), void), \
863 "pointer type mismatch in container_of()"); \
864 ((type *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member))); })
867 * container_of_safe - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
868 * @ptr: the pointer to the member.
869 * @type: the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
870 * @member: the name of the member within the struct.
872 * If IS_ERR_OR_NULL(ptr), ptr is returned unchanged.
874 #define container_of_safe(ptr, type, member) ({ \
875 void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr); \
876 BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(ptr), ((type *)0)->member) && \
877 !__same_type(*(ptr), void), \
878 "pointer type mismatch in container_of()"); \
879 IS_ERR_OR_NULL(__mptr) ? ERR_CAST(__mptr) : \
880 ((type *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member))); })
882 /* Rebuild everything on CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD */
883 #ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
884 # define REBUILD_DUE_TO_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
887 /* Permissions on a sysfs file: you didn't miss the 0 prefix did you? */
888 #define VERIFY_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS(perms) \
889 (BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((perms) < 0) + \
890 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((perms) > 0777) + \
891 /* USER_READABLE >= GROUP_READABLE >= OTHER_READABLE */ \
892 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((((perms) >> 6) & 4) < (((perms) >> 3) & 4)) + \
893 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((((perms) >> 3) & 4) < ((perms) & 4)) + \
894 /* USER_WRITABLE >= GROUP_WRITABLE */ \
895 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((((perms) >> 6) & 2) < (((perms) >> 3) & 2)) + \
896 /* OTHER_WRITABLE? Generally considered a bad idea. */ \
897 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((perms) & 2) + \