x86/kaslr: Expose and use the end of the physical memory address space

[linux.git] / drivers / md / raid1.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
 * raid1.c : Multiple Devices driver for Linux
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001 Ingo Molnar, Red Hat
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Ingo Molnar, Miguel de Icaza, Gadi Oxman
 *
 * RAID-1 management functions.
 *
 * Better read-balancing code written by Mika Kuoppala <[email protected]>, 2000
 *
 * Fixes to reconstruction by Jakob Østergaard" <[email protected]>
 * Various fixes by Neil Brown <[email protected]>
 *
 * Changes by Peter T. Breuer <[email protected]> 31/1/2003 to support
 * bitmapped intelligence in resync:
 *
 *      - bitmap marked during normal i/o
 *      - bitmap used to skip nondirty blocks during sync
 *
 * Additions to bitmap code, (C) 2003-2004 Paul Clements, SteelEye Technology:
 * - persistent bitmap code
 */

#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include <linux/interval_tree_generic.h>

#include <trace/events/block.h>

#include "md.h"
#include "raid1.h"
#include "md-bitmap.h"

#define UNSUPPORTED_MDDEV_FLAGS         \
        ((1L << MD_HAS_JOURNAL) |       \
         (1L << MD_JOURNAL_CLEAN) |     \
         (1L << MD_HAS_PPL) |           \
         (1L << MD_HAS_MULTIPLE_PPLS))

static void allow_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr);
static void lower_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr);

#define RAID_1_10_NAME "raid1"
#include "raid1-10.c"

#define START(node) ((node)->start)
#define LAST(node) ((node)->last)
INTERVAL_TREE_DEFINE(struct serial_info, node, sector_t, _subtree_last,
                     START, LAST, static inline, raid1_rb);

static int check_and_add_serial(struct md_rdev *rdev, struct r1bio *r1_bio,
                                struct serial_info *si, int idx)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        int ret = 0;
        sector_t lo = r1_bio->sector;
        sector_t hi = lo + r1_bio->sectors;
        struct serial_in_rdev *serial = &rdev->serial[idx];

        spin_lock_irqsave(&serial->serial_lock, flags);
        /* collision happened */
        if (raid1_rb_iter_first(&serial->serial_rb, lo, hi))
                ret = -EBUSY;
        else {
                si->start = lo;
                si->last = hi;
                raid1_rb_insert(si, &serial->serial_rb);
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&serial->serial_lock, flags);

        return ret;
}

static void wait_for_serialization(struct md_rdev *rdev, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct mddev *mddev = rdev->mddev;
        struct serial_info *si;
        int idx = sector_to_idx(r1_bio->sector);
        struct serial_in_rdev *serial = &rdev->serial[idx];

        if (WARN_ON(!mddev->serial_info_pool))
                return;
        si = mempool_alloc(mddev->serial_info_pool, GFP_NOIO);
        wait_event(serial->serial_io_wait,
                   check_and_add_serial(rdev, r1_bio, si, idx) == 0);
}

static void remove_serial(struct md_rdev *rdev, sector_t lo, sector_t hi)
{
        struct serial_info *si;
        unsigned long flags;
        int found = 0;
        struct mddev *mddev = rdev->mddev;
        int idx = sector_to_idx(lo);
        struct serial_in_rdev *serial = &rdev->serial[idx];

        spin_lock_irqsave(&serial->serial_lock, flags);
        for (si = raid1_rb_iter_first(&serial->serial_rb, lo, hi);
             si; si = raid1_rb_iter_next(si, lo, hi)) {
                if (si->start == lo && si->last == hi) {
                        raid1_rb_remove(si, &serial->serial_rb);
                        mempool_free(si, mddev->serial_info_pool);
                        found = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (!found)
                WARN(1, "The write IO is not recorded for serialization\n");
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&serial->serial_lock, flags);
        wake_up(&serial->serial_io_wait);
}

/*
 * for resync bio, r1bio pointer can be retrieved from the per-bio
 * 'struct resync_pages'.
 */
static inline struct r1bio *get_resync_r1bio(struct bio *bio)
{
        return get_resync_pages(bio)->raid_bio;
}

static void * r1bio_pool_alloc(gfp_t gfp_flags, void *data)
{
        struct pool_info *pi = data;
        int size = offsetof(struct r1bio, bios[pi->raid_disks]);

        /* allocate a r1bio with room for raid_disks entries in the bios array */
        return kzalloc(size, gfp_flags);
}

#define RESYNC_DEPTH 32
#define RESYNC_SECTORS (RESYNC_BLOCK_SIZE >> 9)
#define RESYNC_WINDOW (RESYNC_BLOCK_SIZE * RESYNC_DEPTH)
#define RESYNC_WINDOW_SECTORS (RESYNC_WINDOW >> 9)
#define CLUSTER_RESYNC_WINDOW (16 * RESYNC_WINDOW)
#define CLUSTER_RESYNC_WINDOW_SECTORS (CLUSTER_RESYNC_WINDOW >> 9)

static void * r1buf_pool_alloc(gfp_t gfp_flags, void *data)
{
        struct pool_info *pi = data;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio;
        struct bio *bio;
        int need_pages;
        int j;
        struct resync_pages *rps;

        r1_bio = r1bio_pool_alloc(gfp_flags, pi);
        if (!r1_bio)
                return NULL;

        rps = kmalloc_array(pi->raid_disks, sizeof(struct resync_pages),
                            gfp_flags);
        if (!rps)
                goto out_free_r1bio;

        /*
         * Allocate bios : 1 for reading, n-1 for writing
         */
        for (j = pi->raid_disks ; j-- ; ) {
                bio = bio_kmalloc(RESYNC_PAGES, gfp_flags);
                if (!bio)
                        goto out_free_bio;
                bio_init(bio, NULL, bio->bi_inline_vecs, RESYNC_PAGES, 0);
                r1_bio->bios[j] = bio;
        }
        /*
         * Allocate RESYNC_PAGES data pages and attach them to
         * the first bio.
         * If this is a user-requested check/repair, allocate
         * RESYNC_PAGES for each bio.
         */
        if (test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &pi->mddev->recovery))
                need_pages = pi->raid_disks;
        else
                need_pages = 1;
        for (j = 0; j < pi->raid_disks; j++) {
                struct resync_pages *rp = &rps[j];

                bio = r1_bio->bios[j];

                if (j < need_pages) {
                        if (resync_alloc_pages(rp, gfp_flags))
                                goto out_free_pages;
                } else {
                        memcpy(rp, &rps[0], sizeof(*rp));
                        resync_get_all_pages(rp);
                }

                rp->raid_bio = r1_bio;
                bio->bi_private = rp;
        }

        r1_bio->master_bio = NULL;

        return r1_bio;

out_free_pages:
        while (--j >= 0)
                resync_free_pages(&rps[j]);

out_free_bio:
        while (++j < pi->raid_disks) {
                bio_uninit(r1_bio->bios[j]);
                kfree(r1_bio->bios[j]);
        }
        kfree(rps);

out_free_r1bio:
        rbio_pool_free(r1_bio, data);
        return NULL;
}

static void r1buf_pool_free(void *__r1_bio, void *data)
{
        struct pool_info *pi = data;
        int i;
        struct r1bio *r1bio = __r1_bio;
        struct resync_pages *rp = NULL;

        for (i = pi->raid_disks; i--; ) {
                rp = get_resync_pages(r1bio->bios[i]);
                resync_free_pages(rp);
                bio_uninit(r1bio->bios[i]);
                kfree(r1bio->bios[i]);
        }

        /* resync pages array stored in the 1st bio's .bi_private */
        kfree(rp);

        rbio_pool_free(r1bio, data);
}

static void put_all_bios(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {
                struct bio **bio = r1_bio->bios + i;
                if (!BIO_SPECIAL(*bio))
                        bio_put(*bio);
                *bio = NULL;
        }
}

static void free_r1bio(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;

        put_all_bios(conf, r1_bio);
        mempool_free(r1_bio, &conf->r1bio_pool);
}

static void put_buf(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;
        sector_t sect = r1_bio->sector;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {
                struct bio *bio = r1_bio->bios[i];
                if (bio->bi_end_io)
                        rdev_dec_pending(conf->mirrors[i].rdev, r1_bio->mddev);
        }

        mempool_free(r1_bio, &conf->r1buf_pool);

        lower_barrier(conf, sect);
}

static void reschedule_retry(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int idx;

        idx = sector_to_idx(r1_bio->sector);
        spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
        list_add(&r1_bio->retry_list, &conf->retry_list);
        atomic_inc(&conf->nr_queued[idx]);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);

        wake_up(&conf->wait_barrier);
        md_wakeup_thread(mddev->thread);
}

/*
 * raid_end_bio_io() is called when we have finished servicing a mirrored
 * operation and are ready to return a success/failure code to the buffer
 * cache layer.
 */
static void call_bio_endio(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct bio *bio = r1_bio->master_bio;

        if (!test_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state))
                bio->bi_status = BLK_STS_IOERR;

        bio_endio(bio);
}

static void raid_end_bio_io(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct bio *bio = r1_bio->master_bio;
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;
        sector_t sector = r1_bio->sector;

        /* if nobody has done the final endio yet, do it now */
        if (!test_and_set_bit(R1BIO_Returned, &r1_bio->state)) {
                pr_debug("raid1: sync end %s on sectors %llu-%llu\n",
                         (bio_data_dir(bio) == WRITE) ? "write" : "read",
                         (unsigned long long) bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
                         (unsigned long long) bio_end_sector(bio) - 1);

                call_bio_endio(r1_bio);
        }

        free_r1bio(r1_bio);
        /*
         * Wake up any possible resync thread that waits for the device
         * to go idle.  All I/Os, even write-behind writes, are done.
         */
        allow_barrier(conf, sector);
}

/*
 * Update disk head position estimator based on IRQ completion info.
 */
static inline void update_head_pos(int disk, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;

        conf->mirrors[disk].head_position =
                r1_bio->sector + (r1_bio->sectors);
}

/*
 * Find the disk number which triggered given bio
 */
static int find_bio_disk(struct r1bio *r1_bio, struct bio *bio)
{
        int mirror;
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;
        int raid_disks = conf->raid_disks;

        for (mirror = 0; mirror < raid_disks * 2; mirror++)
                if (r1_bio->bios[mirror] == bio)
                        break;

        BUG_ON(mirror == raid_disks * 2);
        update_head_pos(mirror, r1_bio);

        return mirror;
}

static void raid1_end_read_request(struct bio *bio)
{
        int uptodate = !bio->bi_status;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio = bio->bi_private;
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;
        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[r1_bio->read_disk].rdev;

        /*
         * this branch is our 'one mirror IO has finished' event handler:
         */
        update_head_pos(r1_bio->read_disk, r1_bio);

        if (uptodate)
                set_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state);
        else if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags) &&
                 test_bit(R1BIO_FailFast, &r1_bio->state))
                /* This was a fail-fast read so we definitely
                 * want to retry */
                ;
        else {
                /* If all other devices have failed, we want to return
                 * the error upwards rather than fail the last device.
                 * Here we redefine "uptodate" to mean "Don't want to retry"
                 */
                unsigned long flags;
                spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                if (r1_bio->mddev->degraded == conf->raid_disks ||
                    (r1_bio->mddev->degraded == conf->raid_disks-1 &&
                     test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags)))
                        uptodate = 1;
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
        }

        if (uptodate) {
                raid_end_bio_io(r1_bio);
                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);
        } else {
                /*
                 * oops, read error:
                 */
                pr_err_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: %pg: rescheduling sector %llu\n",
                                   mdname(conf->mddev),
                                   rdev->bdev,
                                   (unsigned long long)r1_bio->sector);
                set_bit(R1BIO_ReadError, &r1_bio->state);
                reschedule_retry(r1_bio);
                /* don't drop the reference on read_disk yet */
        }
}

static void close_write(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        /* it really is the end of this request */
        if (test_bit(R1BIO_BehindIO, &r1_bio->state)) {
                bio_free_pages(r1_bio->behind_master_bio);
                bio_put(r1_bio->behind_master_bio);
                r1_bio->behind_master_bio = NULL;
        }
        /* clear the bitmap if all writes complete successfully */
        md_bitmap_endwrite(r1_bio->mddev->bitmap, r1_bio->sector,
                           r1_bio->sectors,
                           !test_bit(R1BIO_Degraded, &r1_bio->state),
                           test_bit(R1BIO_BehindIO, &r1_bio->state));
        md_write_end(r1_bio->mddev);
}

static void r1_bio_write_done(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&r1_bio->remaining))
                return;

        if (test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state))
                reschedule_retry(r1_bio);
        else {
                close_write(r1_bio);
                if (test_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state))
                        reschedule_retry(r1_bio);
                else
                        raid_end_bio_io(r1_bio);
        }
}

static void raid1_end_write_request(struct bio *bio)
{
        struct r1bio *r1_bio = bio->bi_private;
        int behind = test_bit(R1BIO_BehindIO, &r1_bio->state);
        struct r1conf *conf = r1_bio->mddev->private;
        struct bio *to_put = NULL;
        int mirror = find_bio_disk(r1_bio, bio);
        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[mirror].rdev;
        bool discard_error;
        sector_t lo = r1_bio->sector;
        sector_t hi = r1_bio->sector + r1_bio->sectors;

        discard_error = bio->bi_status && bio_op(bio) == REQ_OP_DISCARD;

        /*
         * 'one mirror IO has finished' event handler:
         */
        if (bio->bi_status && !discard_error) {
                set_bit(WriteErrorSeen, &rdev->flags);
                if (!test_and_set_bit(WantReplacement, &rdev->flags))
                        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, &
                                conf->mddev->recovery);

                if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags) &&
                    (bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST) &&
                    /* We never try FailFast to WriteMostly devices */
                    !test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags)) {
                        md_error(r1_bio->mddev, rdev);
                }

                /*
                 * When the device is faulty, it is not necessary to
                 * handle write error.
                 */
                if (!test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                        set_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state);
                else {
                        /* Fail the request */
                        set_bit(R1BIO_Degraded, &r1_bio->state);
                        /* Finished with this branch */
                        r1_bio->bios[mirror] = NULL;
                        to_put = bio;
                }
        } else {
                /*
                 * Set R1BIO_Uptodate in our master bio, so that we
                 * will return a good error code for to the higher
                 * levels even if IO on some other mirrored buffer
                 * fails.
                 *
                 * The 'master' represents the composite IO operation
                 * to user-side. So if something waits for IO, then it
                 * will wait for the 'master' bio.
                 */
                r1_bio->bios[mirror] = NULL;
                to_put = bio;
                /*
                 * Do not set R1BIO_Uptodate if the current device is
                 * rebuilding or Faulty. This is because we cannot use
                 * such device for properly reading the data back (we could
                 * potentially use it, if the current write would have felt
                 * before rdev->recovery_offset, but for simplicity we don't
                 * check this here.
                 */
                if (test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) &&
                    !test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                        set_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state);

                /* Maybe we can clear some bad blocks. */
                if (rdev_has_badblock(rdev, r1_bio->sector, r1_bio->sectors) &&
                    !discard_error) {
                        r1_bio->bios[mirror] = IO_MADE_GOOD;
                        set_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state);
                }
        }

        if (behind) {
                if (test_bit(CollisionCheck, &rdev->flags))
                        remove_serial(rdev, lo, hi);
                if (test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags))
                        atomic_dec(&r1_bio->behind_remaining);

                /*
                 * In behind mode, we ACK the master bio once the I/O
                 * has safely reached all non-writemostly
                 * disks. Setting the Returned bit ensures that this
                 * gets done only once -- we don't ever want to return
                 * -EIO here, instead we'll wait
                 */
                if (atomic_read(&r1_bio->behind_remaining) >= (atomic_read(&r1_bio->remaining)-1) &&
                    test_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state)) {
                        /* Maybe we can return now */
                        if (!test_and_set_bit(R1BIO_Returned, &r1_bio->state)) {
                                struct bio *mbio = r1_bio->master_bio;
                                pr_debug("raid1: behind end write sectors"
                                         " %llu-%llu\n",
                                         (unsigned long long) mbio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
                                         (unsigned long long) bio_end_sector(mbio) - 1);
                                call_bio_endio(r1_bio);
                        }
                }
        } else if (rdev->mddev->serialize_policy)
                remove_serial(rdev, lo, hi);
        if (r1_bio->bios[mirror] == NULL)
                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);

        /*
         * Let's see if all mirrored write operations have finished
         * already.
         */
        r1_bio_write_done(r1_bio);

        if (to_put)
                bio_put(to_put);
}

static sector_t align_to_barrier_unit_end(sector_t start_sector,
                                          sector_t sectors)
{
        sector_t len;

        WARN_ON(sectors == 0);
        /*
         * len is the number of sectors from start_sector to end of the
         * barrier unit which start_sector belongs to.
         */
        len = round_up(start_sector + 1, BARRIER_UNIT_SECTOR_SIZE) -
              start_sector;

        if (len > sectors)
                len = sectors;

        return len;
}

static void update_read_sectors(struct r1conf *conf, int disk,
                                sector_t this_sector, int len)
{
        struct raid1_info *info = &conf->mirrors[disk];

        atomic_inc(&info->rdev->nr_pending);
        if (info->next_seq_sect != this_sector)
                info->seq_start = this_sector;
        info->next_seq_sect = this_sector + len;
}

static int choose_first_rdev(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio,
                             int *max_sectors)
{
        sector_t this_sector = r1_bio->sector;
        int len = r1_bio->sectors;
        int disk;

        for (disk = 0 ; disk < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; disk++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev;
                int read_len;

                if (r1_bio->bios[disk] == IO_BLOCKED)
                        continue;

                rdev = conf->mirrors[disk].rdev;
                if (!rdev || test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                        continue;

                /* choose the first disk even if it has some bad blocks. */
                read_len = raid1_check_read_range(rdev, this_sector, &len);
                if (read_len > 0) {
                        update_read_sectors(conf, disk, this_sector, read_len);
                        *max_sectors = read_len;
                        return disk;
                }
        }

        return -1;
}

static int choose_bb_rdev(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio,
                          int *max_sectors)
{
        sector_t this_sector = r1_bio->sector;
        int best_disk = -1;
        int best_len = 0;
        int disk;

        for (disk = 0 ; disk < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; disk++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev;
                int len;
                int read_len;

                if (r1_bio->bios[disk] == IO_BLOCKED)
                        continue;

                rdev = conf->mirrors[disk].rdev;
                if (!rdev || test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags) ||
                    test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags))
                        continue;

                /* keep track of the disk with the most readable sectors. */
                len = r1_bio->sectors;
                read_len = raid1_check_read_range(rdev, this_sector, &len);
                if (read_len > best_len) {
                        best_disk = disk;
                        best_len = read_len;
                }
        }

        if (best_disk != -1) {
                *max_sectors = best_len;
                update_read_sectors(conf, best_disk, this_sector, best_len);
        }

        return best_disk;
}

static int choose_slow_rdev(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio,
                            int *max_sectors)
{
        sector_t this_sector = r1_bio->sector;
        int bb_disk = -1;
        int bb_read_len = 0;
        int disk;

        for (disk = 0 ; disk < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; disk++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev;
                int len;
                int read_len;

                if (r1_bio->bios[disk] == IO_BLOCKED)
                        continue;

                rdev = conf->mirrors[disk].rdev;
                if (!rdev || test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags) ||
                    !test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags))
                        continue;

                /* there are no bad blocks, we can use this disk */
                len = r1_bio->sectors;
                read_len = raid1_check_read_range(rdev, this_sector, &len);
                if (read_len == r1_bio->sectors) {
                        *max_sectors = read_len;
                        update_read_sectors(conf, disk, this_sector, read_len);
                        return disk;
                }

                /*
                 * there are partial bad blocks, choose the rdev with largest
                 * read length.
                 */
                if (read_len > bb_read_len) {
                        bb_disk = disk;
                        bb_read_len = read_len;
                }
        }

        if (bb_disk != -1) {
                *max_sectors = bb_read_len;
                update_read_sectors(conf, bb_disk, this_sector, bb_read_len);
        }

        return bb_disk;
}

static bool is_sequential(struct r1conf *conf, int disk, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        /* TODO: address issues with this check and concurrency. */
        return conf->mirrors[disk].next_seq_sect == r1_bio->sector ||
               conf->mirrors[disk].head_position == r1_bio->sector;
}

/*
 * If buffered sequential IO size exceeds optimal iosize, check if there is idle
 * disk. If yes, choose the idle disk.
 */
static bool should_choose_next(struct r1conf *conf, int disk)
{
        struct raid1_info *mirror = &conf->mirrors[disk];
        int opt_iosize;

        if (!test_bit(Nonrot, &mirror->rdev->flags))
                return false;

        opt_iosize = bdev_io_opt(mirror->rdev->bdev) >> 9;
        return opt_iosize > 0 && mirror->seq_start != MaxSector &&
               mirror->next_seq_sect > opt_iosize &&
               mirror->next_seq_sect - opt_iosize >= mirror->seq_start;
}

static bool rdev_readable(struct md_rdev *rdev, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        if (!rdev || test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                return false;

        /* still in recovery */
        if (!test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) &&
            rdev->recovery_offset < r1_bio->sector + r1_bio->sectors)
                return false;

        /* don't read from slow disk unless have to */
        if (test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags))
                return false;

        /* don't split IO for bad blocks unless have to */
        if (rdev_has_badblock(rdev, r1_bio->sector, r1_bio->sectors))
                return false;

        return true;
}

struct read_balance_ctl {
        sector_t closest_dist;
        int closest_dist_disk;
        int min_pending;
        int min_pending_disk;
        int sequential_disk;
        int readable_disks;
};

static int choose_best_rdev(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        int disk;
        struct read_balance_ctl ctl = {
                .closest_dist_disk      = -1,
                .closest_dist           = MaxSector,
                .min_pending_disk       = -1,
                .min_pending            = UINT_MAX,
                .sequential_disk        = -1,
        };

        for (disk = 0 ; disk < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; disk++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev;
                sector_t dist;
                unsigned int pending;

                if (r1_bio->bios[disk] == IO_BLOCKED)
                        continue;

                rdev = conf->mirrors[disk].rdev;
                if (!rdev_readable(rdev, r1_bio))
                        continue;

                /* At least two disks to choose from so failfast is OK */
                if (ctl.readable_disks++ == 1)
                        set_bit(R1BIO_FailFast, &r1_bio->state);

                pending = atomic_read(&rdev->nr_pending);
                dist = abs(r1_bio->sector - conf->mirrors[disk].head_position);

                /* Don't change to another disk for sequential reads */
                if (is_sequential(conf, disk, r1_bio)) {
                        if (!should_choose_next(conf, disk))
                                return disk;

                        /*
                         * Add 'pending' to avoid choosing this disk if
                         * there is other idle disk.
                         */
                        pending++;
                        /*
                         * If there is no other idle disk, this disk
                         * will be chosen.
                         */
                        ctl.sequential_disk = disk;
                }

                if (ctl.min_pending > pending) {
                        ctl.min_pending = pending;
                        ctl.min_pending_disk = disk;
                }

                if (ctl.closest_dist > dist) {
                        ctl.closest_dist = dist;
                        ctl.closest_dist_disk = disk;
                }
        }

        /*
         * sequential IO size exceeds optimal iosize, however, there is no other
         * idle disk, so choose the sequential disk.
         */
        if (ctl.sequential_disk != -1 && ctl.min_pending != 0)
                return ctl.sequential_disk;

        /*
         * If all disks are rotational, choose the closest disk. If any disk is
         * non-rotational, choose the disk with less pending request even the
         * disk is rotational, which might/might not be optimal for raids with
         * mixed ratation/non-rotational disks depending on workload.
         */
        if (ctl.min_pending_disk != -1 &&
            (READ_ONCE(conf->nonrot_disks) || ctl.min_pending == 0))
                return ctl.min_pending_disk;
        else
                return ctl.closest_dist_disk;
}

/*
 * This routine returns the disk from which the requested read should be done.
 *
 * 1) If resync is in progress, find the first usable disk and use it even if it
 * has some bad blocks.
 *
 * 2) Now that there is no resync, loop through all disks and skipping slow
 * disks and disks with bad blocks for now. Only pay attention to key disk
 * choice.
 *
 * 3) If we've made it this far, now look for disks with bad blocks and choose
 * the one with most number of sectors.
 *
 * 4) If we are all the way at the end, we have no choice but to use a disk even
 * if it is write mostly.
 *
 * The rdev for the device selected will have nr_pending incremented.
 */
static int read_balance(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio,
                        int *max_sectors)
{
        int disk;

        clear_bit(R1BIO_FailFast, &r1_bio->state);

        if (raid1_should_read_first(conf->mddev, r1_bio->sector,
                                    r1_bio->sectors))
                return choose_first_rdev(conf, r1_bio, max_sectors);

        disk = choose_best_rdev(conf, r1_bio);
        if (disk >= 0) {
                *max_sectors = r1_bio->sectors;
                update_read_sectors(conf, disk, r1_bio->sector,
                                    r1_bio->sectors);
                return disk;
        }

        /*
         * If we are here it means we didn't find a perfectly good disk so
         * now spend a bit more time trying to find one with the most good
         * sectors.
         */
        disk = choose_bb_rdev(conf, r1_bio, max_sectors);
        if (disk >= 0)
                return disk;

        return choose_slow_rdev(conf, r1_bio, max_sectors);
}

static void wake_up_barrier(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        if (wq_has_sleeper(&conf->wait_barrier))
                wake_up(&conf->wait_barrier);
}

static void flush_bio_list(struct r1conf *conf, struct bio *bio)
{
        /* flush any pending bitmap writes to disk before proceeding w/ I/O */
        raid1_prepare_flush_writes(conf->mddev->bitmap);
        wake_up_barrier(conf);

        while (bio) { /* submit pending writes */
                struct bio *next = bio->bi_next;

                raid1_submit_write(bio);
                bio = next;
                cond_resched();
        }
}

static void flush_pending_writes(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        /* Any writes that have been queued but are awaiting
         * bitmap updates get flushed here.
         */
        spin_lock_irq(&conf->device_lock);

        if (conf->pending_bio_list.head) {
                struct blk_plug plug;
                struct bio *bio;

                bio = bio_list_get(&conf->pending_bio_list);
                spin_unlock_irq(&conf->device_lock);

                /*
                 * As this is called in a wait_event() loop (see freeze_array),
                 * current->state might be TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE which will
                 * cause a warning when we prepare to wait again.  As it is
                 * rare that this path is taken, it is perfectly safe to force
                 * us to go around the wait_event() loop again, so the warning
                 * is a false-positive.  Silence the warning by resetting
                 * thread state
                 */
                __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
                blk_start_plug(&plug);
                flush_bio_list(conf, bio);
                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
        } else
                spin_unlock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
}

/* Barriers....
 * Sometimes we need to suspend IO while we do something else,
 * either some resync/recovery, or reconfigure the array.
 * To do this we raise a 'barrier'.
 * The 'barrier' is a counter that can be raised multiple times
 * to count how many activities are happening which preclude
 * normal IO.
 * We can only raise the barrier if there is no pending IO.
 * i.e. if nr_pending == 0.
 * We choose only to raise the barrier if no-one is waiting for the
 * barrier to go down.  This means that as soon as an IO request
 * is ready, no other operations which require a barrier will start
 * until the IO request has had a chance.
 *
 * So: regular IO calls 'wait_barrier'.  When that returns there
 *    is no backgroup IO happening,  It must arrange to call
 *    allow_barrier when it has finished its IO.
 * backgroup IO calls must call raise_barrier.  Once that returns
 *    there is no normal IO happeing.  It must arrange to call
 *    lower_barrier when the particular background IO completes.
 *
 * If resync/recovery is interrupted, returns -EINTR;
 * Otherwise, returns 0.
 */
static int raise_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr)
{
        int idx = sector_to_idx(sector_nr);

        spin_lock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);

        /* Wait until no block IO is waiting */
        wait_event_lock_irq(conf->wait_barrier,
                            !atomic_read(&conf->nr_waiting[idx]),
                            conf->resync_lock);

        /* block any new IO from starting */
        atomic_inc(&conf->barrier[idx]);
        /*
         * In raise_barrier() we firstly increase conf->barrier[idx] then
         * check conf->nr_pending[idx]. In _wait_barrier() we firstly
         * increase conf->nr_pending[idx] then check conf->barrier[idx].
         * A memory barrier here to make sure conf->nr_pending[idx] won't
         * be fetched before conf->barrier[idx] is increased. Otherwise
         * there will be a race between raise_barrier() and _wait_barrier().
         */
        smp_mb__after_atomic();

        /* For these conditions we must wait:
         * A: while the array is in frozen state
         * B: while conf->nr_pending[idx] is not 0, meaning regular I/O
         *    existing in corresponding I/O barrier bucket.
         * C: while conf->barrier[idx] >= RESYNC_DEPTH, meaning reaches
         *    max resync count which allowed on current I/O barrier bucket.
         */
        wait_event_lock_irq(conf->wait_barrier,
                            (!conf->array_frozen &&
                             !atomic_read(&conf->nr_pending[idx]) &&
                             atomic_read(&conf->barrier[idx]) < RESYNC_DEPTH) ||
                                test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &conf->mddev->recovery),
                            conf->resync_lock);

        if (test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &conf->mddev->recovery)) {
                atomic_dec(&conf->barrier[idx]);
                spin_unlock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
                wake_up(&conf->wait_barrier);
                return -EINTR;
        }

        atomic_inc(&conf->nr_sync_pending);
        spin_unlock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);

        return 0;
}

static void lower_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr)
{
        int idx = sector_to_idx(sector_nr);

        BUG_ON(atomic_read(&conf->barrier[idx]) <= 0);

        atomic_dec(&conf->barrier[idx]);
        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_sync_pending);
        wake_up(&conf->wait_barrier);
}

static bool _wait_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, int idx, bool nowait)
{
        bool ret = true;

        /*
         * We need to increase conf->nr_pending[idx] very early here,
         * then raise_barrier() can be blocked when it waits for
         * conf->nr_pending[idx] to be 0. Then we can avoid holding
         * conf->resync_lock when there is no barrier raised in same
         * barrier unit bucket. Also if the array is frozen, I/O
         * should be blocked until array is unfrozen.
         */
        atomic_inc(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);
        /*
         * In _wait_barrier() we firstly increase conf->nr_pending[idx], then
         * check conf->barrier[idx]. In raise_barrier() we firstly increase
         * conf->barrier[idx], then check conf->nr_pending[idx]. A memory
         * barrier is necessary here to make sure conf->barrier[idx] won't be
         * fetched before conf->nr_pending[idx] is increased. Otherwise there
         * will be a race between _wait_barrier() and raise_barrier().
         */
        smp_mb__after_atomic();

        /*
         * Don't worry about checking two atomic_t variables at same time
         * here. If during we check conf->barrier[idx], the array is
         * frozen (conf->array_frozen is 1), and chonf->barrier[idx] is
         * 0, it is safe to return and make the I/O continue. Because the
         * array is frozen, all I/O returned here will eventually complete
         * or be queued, no race will happen. See code comment in
         * frozen_array().
         */
        if (!READ_ONCE(conf->array_frozen) &&
            !atomic_read(&conf->barrier[idx]))
                return ret;

        /*
         * After holding conf->resync_lock, conf->nr_pending[idx]
         * should be decreased before waiting for barrier to drop.
         * Otherwise, we may encounter a race condition because
         * raise_barrer() might be waiting for conf->nr_pending[idx]
         * to be 0 at same time.
         */
        spin_lock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        atomic_inc(&conf->nr_waiting[idx]);
        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);
        /*
         * In case freeze_array() is waiting for
         * get_unqueued_pending() == extra
         */
        wake_up_barrier(conf);
        /* Wait for the barrier in same barrier unit bucket to drop. */

        /* Return false when nowait flag is set */
        if (nowait) {
                ret = false;
        } else {
                wait_event_lock_irq(conf->wait_barrier,
                                !conf->array_frozen &&
                                !atomic_read(&conf->barrier[idx]),
                                conf->resync_lock);
                atomic_inc(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);
        }

        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_waiting[idx]);
        spin_unlock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        return ret;
}

static bool wait_read_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr, bool nowait)
{
        int idx = sector_to_idx(sector_nr);
        bool ret = true;

        /*
         * Very similar to _wait_barrier(). The difference is, for read
         * I/O we don't need wait for sync I/O, but if the whole array
         * is frozen, the read I/O still has to wait until the array is
         * unfrozen. Since there is no ordering requirement with
         * conf->barrier[idx] here, memory barrier is unnecessary as well.
         */
        atomic_inc(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);

        if (!READ_ONCE(conf->array_frozen))
                return ret;

        spin_lock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        atomic_inc(&conf->nr_waiting[idx]);
        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);
        /*
         * In case freeze_array() is waiting for
         * get_unqueued_pending() == extra
         */
        wake_up_barrier(conf);
        /* Wait for array to be unfrozen */

        /* Return false when nowait flag is set */
        if (nowait) {
                /* Return false when nowait flag is set */
                ret = false;
        } else {
                wait_event_lock_irq(conf->wait_barrier,
                                !conf->array_frozen,
                                conf->resync_lock);
                atomic_inc(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);
        }

        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_waiting[idx]);
        spin_unlock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        return ret;
}

static bool wait_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr, bool nowait)
{
        int idx = sector_to_idx(sector_nr);

        return _wait_barrier(conf, idx, nowait);
}

static void _allow_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, int idx)
{
        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_pending[idx]);
        wake_up_barrier(conf);
}

static void allow_barrier(struct r1conf *conf, sector_t sector_nr)
{
        int idx = sector_to_idx(sector_nr);

        _allow_barrier(conf, idx);
}

/* conf->resync_lock should be held */
static int get_unqueued_pending(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        int idx, ret;

        ret = atomic_read(&conf->nr_sync_pending);
        for (idx = 0; idx < BARRIER_BUCKETS_NR; idx++)
                ret += atomic_read(&conf->nr_pending[idx]) -
                        atomic_read(&conf->nr_queued[idx]);

        return ret;
}

static void freeze_array(struct r1conf *conf, int extra)
{
        /* Stop sync I/O and normal I/O and wait for everything to
         * go quiet.
         * This is called in two situations:
         * 1) management command handlers (reshape, remove disk, quiesce).
         * 2) one normal I/O request failed.

         * After array_frozen is set to 1, new sync IO will be blocked at
         * raise_barrier(), and new normal I/O will blocked at _wait_barrier()
         * or wait_read_barrier(). The flying I/Os will either complete or be
         * queued. When everything goes quite, there are only queued I/Os left.

         * Every flying I/O contributes to a conf->nr_pending[idx], idx is the
         * barrier bucket index which this I/O request hits. When all sync and
         * normal I/O are queued, sum of all conf->nr_pending[] will match sum
         * of all conf->nr_queued[]. But normal I/O failure is an exception,
         * in handle_read_error(), we may call freeze_array() before trying to
         * fix the read error. In this case, the error read I/O is not queued,
         * so get_unqueued_pending() == 1.
         *
         * Therefore before this function returns, we need to wait until
         * get_unqueued_pendings(conf) gets equal to extra. For
         * normal I/O context, extra is 1, in rested situations extra is 0.
         */
        spin_lock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        conf->array_frozen = 1;
        mddev_add_trace_msg(conf->mddev, "raid1 wait freeze");
        wait_event_lock_irq_cmd(
                conf->wait_barrier,
                get_unqueued_pending(conf) == extra,
                conf->resync_lock,
                flush_pending_writes(conf));
        spin_unlock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
}
static void unfreeze_array(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        /* reverse the effect of the freeze */
        spin_lock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        conf->array_frozen = 0;
        spin_unlock_irq(&conf->resync_lock);
        wake_up(&conf->wait_barrier);
}

static void alloc_behind_master_bio(struct r1bio *r1_bio,
                                           struct bio *bio)
{
        int size = bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
        unsigned vcnt = (size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        int i = 0;
        struct bio *behind_bio = NULL;

        behind_bio = bio_alloc_bioset(NULL, vcnt, 0, GFP_NOIO,
                                      &r1_bio->mddev->bio_set);

        /* discard op, we don't support writezero/writesame yet */
        if (!bio_has_data(bio)) {
                behind_bio->bi_iter.bi_size = size;
                goto skip_copy;
        }

        while (i < vcnt && size) {
                struct page *page;
                int len = min_t(int, PAGE_SIZE, size);

                page = alloc_page(GFP_NOIO);
                if (unlikely(!page))
                        goto free_pages;

                if (!bio_add_page(behind_bio, page, len, 0)) {
                        put_page(page);
                        goto free_pages;
                }

                size -= len;
                i++;
        }

        bio_copy_data(behind_bio, bio);
skip_copy:
        r1_bio->behind_master_bio = behind_bio;
        set_bit(R1BIO_BehindIO, &r1_bio->state);

        return;

free_pages:
        pr_debug("%dB behind alloc failed, doing sync I/O\n",
                 bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
        bio_free_pages(behind_bio);
        bio_put(behind_bio);
}

static void raid1_unplug(struct blk_plug_cb *cb, bool from_schedule)
{
        struct raid1_plug_cb *plug = container_of(cb, struct raid1_plug_cb,
                                                  cb);
        struct mddev *mddev = plug->cb.data;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct bio *bio;

        if (from_schedule) {
                spin_lock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
                bio_list_merge(&conf->pending_bio_list, &plug->pending);
                spin_unlock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
                wake_up_barrier(conf);
                md_wakeup_thread(mddev->thread);
                kfree(plug);
                return;
        }

        /* we aren't scheduling, so we can do the write-out directly. */
        bio = bio_list_get(&plug->pending);
        flush_bio_list(conf, bio);
        kfree(plug);
}

static void init_r1bio(struct r1bio *r1_bio, struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
{
        r1_bio->master_bio = bio;
        r1_bio->sectors = bio_sectors(bio);
        r1_bio->state = 0;
        r1_bio->mddev = mddev;
        r1_bio->sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
}

static inline struct r1bio *
alloc_r1bio(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio;

        r1_bio = mempool_alloc(&conf->r1bio_pool, GFP_NOIO);
        /* Ensure no bio records IO_BLOCKED */
        memset(r1_bio->bios, 0, conf->raid_disks * sizeof(r1_bio->bios[0]));
        init_r1bio(r1_bio, mddev, bio);
        return r1_bio;
}

static void raid1_read_request(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio,
                               int max_read_sectors, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct raid1_info *mirror;
        struct bio *read_bio;
        struct bitmap *bitmap = mddev->bitmap;
        const enum req_op op = bio_op(bio);
        const blk_opf_t do_sync = bio->bi_opf & REQ_SYNC;
        int max_sectors;
        int rdisk;
        bool r1bio_existed = !!r1_bio;
        char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];

        /*
         * If r1_bio is set, we are blocking the raid1d thread
         * so there is a tiny risk of deadlock.  So ask for
         * emergency memory if needed.
         */
        gfp_t gfp = r1_bio ? (GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGH) : GFP_NOIO;

        if (r1bio_existed) {
                /* Need to get the block device name carefully */
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[r1_bio->read_disk].rdev;

                if (rdev)
                        snprintf(b, sizeof(b), "%pg", rdev->bdev);
                else
                        strcpy(b, "???");
        }

        /*
         * Still need barrier for READ in case that whole
         * array is frozen.
         */
        if (!wait_read_barrier(conf, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
                                bio->bi_opf & REQ_NOWAIT)) {
                bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
                return;
        }

        if (!r1_bio)
                r1_bio = alloc_r1bio(mddev, bio);
        else
                init_r1bio(r1_bio, mddev, bio);
        r1_bio->sectors = max_read_sectors;

        /*
         * make_request() can abort the operation when read-ahead is being
         * used and no empty request is available.
         */
        rdisk = read_balance(conf, r1_bio, &max_sectors);

        if (rdisk < 0) {
                /* couldn't find anywhere to read from */
                if (r1bio_existed) {
                        pr_crit_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: %s: unrecoverable I/O read error for block %llu\n",
                                            mdname(mddev),
                                            b,
                                            (unsigned long long)r1_bio->sector);
                }
                raid_end_bio_io(r1_bio);
                return;
        }
        mirror = conf->mirrors + rdisk;

        if (r1bio_existed)
                pr_info_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: redirecting sector %llu to other mirror: %pg\n",
                                    mdname(mddev),
                                    (unsigned long long)r1_bio->sector,
                                    mirror->rdev->bdev);

        if (test_bit(WriteMostly, &mirror->rdev->flags) &&
            bitmap) {
                /*
                 * Reading from a write-mostly device must take care not to
                 * over-take any writes that are 'behind'
                 */
                mddev_add_trace_msg(mddev, "raid1 wait behind writes");
                wait_event(bitmap->behind_wait,
                           atomic_read(&bitmap->behind_writes) == 0);
        }

        if (max_sectors < bio_sectors(bio)) {
                struct bio *split = bio_split(bio, max_sectors,
                                              gfp, &conf->bio_split);
                bio_chain(split, bio);
                submit_bio_noacct(bio);
                bio = split;
                r1_bio->master_bio = bio;
                r1_bio->sectors = max_sectors;
        }

        r1_bio->read_disk = rdisk;
        if (!r1bio_existed) {
                md_account_bio(mddev, &bio);
                r1_bio->master_bio = bio;
        }
        read_bio = bio_alloc_clone(mirror->rdev->bdev, bio, gfp,
                                   &mddev->bio_set);

        r1_bio->bios[rdisk] = read_bio;

        read_bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = r1_bio->sector +
                mirror->rdev->data_offset;
        read_bio->bi_end_io = raid1_end_read_request;
        read_bio->bi_opf = op | do_sync;
        if (test_bit(FailFast, &mirror->rdev->flags) &&
            test_bit(R1BIO_FailFast, &r1_bio->state))
                read_bio->bi_opf |= MD_FAILFAST;
        read_bio->bi_private = r1_bio;
        mddev_trace_remap(mddev, read_bio, r1_bio->sector);
        submit_bio_noacct(read_bio);
}

static void raid1_write_request(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio,
                                int max_write_sectors)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio;
        int i, disks;
        struct bitmap *bitmap = mddev->bitmap;
        unsigned long flags;
        struct md_rdev *blocked_rdev;
        int first_clone;
        int max_sectors;
        bool write_behind = false;
        bool is_discard = (bio_op(bio) == REQ_OP_DISCARD);

        if (mddev_is_clustered(mddev) &&
             md_cluster_ops->area_resyncing(mddev, WRITE,
                     bio->bi_iter.bi_sector, bio_end_sector(bio))) {

                DEFINE_WAIT(w);
                if (bio->bi_opf & REQ_NOWAIT) {
                        bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
                        return;
                }
                for (;;) {
                        prepare_to_wait(&conf->wait_barrier,
                                        &w, TASK_IDLE);
                        if (!md_cluster_ops->area_resyncing(mddev, WRITE,
                                                        bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
                                                        bio_end_sector(bio)))
                                break;
                        schedule();
                }
                finish_wait(&conf->wait_barrier, &w);
        }

        /*
         * Register the new request and wait if the reconstruction
         * thread has put up a bar for new requests.
         * Continue immediately if no resync is active currently.
         */
        if (!wait_barrier(conf, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
                                bio->bi_opf & REQ_NOWAIT)) {
                bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
                return;
        }

 retry_write:
        r1_bio = alloc_r1bio(mddev, bio);
        r1_bio->sectors = max_write_sectors;

        /* first select target devices under rcu_lock and
         * inc refcount on their rdev.  Record them by setting
         * bios[x] to bio
         * If there are known/acknowledged bad blocks on any device on
         * which we have seen a write error, we want to avoid writing those
         * blocks.
         * This potentially requires several writes to write around
         * the bad blocks.  Each set of writes gets it's own r1bio
         * with a set of bios attached.
         */

        disks = conf->raid_disks * 2;
        blocked_rdev = NULL;
        max_sectors = r1_bio->sectors;
        for (i = 0;  i < disks; i++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;

                /*
                 * The write-behind io is only attempted on drives marked as
                 * write-mostly, which means we could allocate write behind
                 * bio later.
                 */
                if (!is_discard && rdev && test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags))
                        write_behind = true;

                if (rdev && unlikely(test_bit(Blocked, &rdev->flags))) {
                        atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
                        blocked_rdev = rdev;
                        break;
                }
                r1_bio->bios[i] = NULL;
                if (!rdev || test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)) {
                        if (i < conf->raid_disks)
                                set_bit(R1BIO_Degraded, &r1_bio->state);
                        continue;
                }

                atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
                if (test_bit(WriteErrorSeen, &rdev->flags)) {
                        sector_t first_bad;
                        int bad_sectors;
                        int is_bad;

                        is_bad = is_badblock(rdev, r1_bio->sector, max_sectors,
                                             &first_bad, &bad_sectors);
                        if (is_bad < 0) {
                                /* mustn't write here until the bad block is
                                 * acknowledged*/
                                set_bit(BlockedBadBlocks, &rdev->flags);
                                blocked_rdev = rdev;
                                break;
                        }
                        if (is_bad && first_bad <= r1_bio->sector) {
                                /* Cannot write here at all */
                                bad_sectors -= (r1_bio->sector - first_bad);
                                if (bad_sectors < max_sectors)
                                        /* mustn't write more than bad_sectors
                                         * to other devices yet
                                         */
                                        max_sectors = bad_sectors;
                                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, mddev);
                                /* We don't set R1BIO_Degraded as that
                                 * only applies if the disk is
                                 * missing, so it might be re-added,
                                 * and we want to know to recover this
                                 * chunk.
                                 * In this case the device is here,
                                 * and the fact that this chunk is not
                                 * in-sync is recorded in the bad
                                 * block log
                                 */
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (is_bad) {
                                int good_sectors = first_bad - r1_bio->sector;
                                if (good_sectors < max_sectors)
                                        max_sectors = good_sectors;
                        }
                }
                r1_bio->bios[i] = bio;
        }

        if (unlikely(blocked_rdev)) {
                /* Wait for this device to become unblocked */
                int j;

                for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                        if (r1_bio->bios[j])
                                rdev_dec_pending(conf->mirrors[j].rdev, mddev);
                mempool_free(r1_bio, &conf->r1bio_pool);
                allow_barrier(conf, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);

                if (bio->bi_opf & REQ_NOWAIT) {
                        bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
                        return;
                }
                mddev_add_trace_msg(mddev, "raid1 wait rdev %d blocked",
                                blocked_rdev->raid_disk);
                md_wait_for_blocked_rdev(blocked_rdev, mddev);
                wait_barrier(conf, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector, false);
                goto retry_write;
        }

        /*
         * When using a bitmap, we may call alloc_behind_master_bio below.
         * alloc_behind_master_bio allocates a copy of the data payload a page
         * at a time and thus needs a new bio that can fit the whole payload
         * this bio in page sized chunks.
         */
        if (write_behind && bitmap)
                max_sectors = min_t(int, max_sectors,
                                    BIO_MAX_VECS * (PAGE_SIZE >> 9));
        if (max_sectors < bio_sectors(bio)) {
                struct bio *split = bio_split(bio, max_sectors,
                                              GFP_NOIO, &conf->bio_split);
                bio_chain(split, bio);
                submit_bio_noacct(bio);
                bio = split;
                r1_bio->master_bio = bio;
                r1_bio->sectors = max_sectors;
        }

        md_account_bio(mddev, &bio);
        r1_bio->master_bio = bio;
        atomic_set(&r1_bio->remaining, 1);
        atomic_set(&r1_bio->behind_remaining, 0);

        first_clone = 1;

        for (i = 0; i < disks; i++) {
                struct bio *mbio = NULL;
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;
                if (!r1_bio->bios[i])
                        continue;

                if (first_clone) {
                        /* do behind I/O ?
                         * Not if there are too many, or cannot
                         * allocate memory, or a reader on WriteMostly
                         * is waiting for behind writes to flush */
                        if (bitmap && write_behind &&
                            (atomic_read(&bitmap->behind_writes)
                             < mddev->bitmap_info.max_write_behind) &&
                            !waitqueue_active(&bitmap->behind_wait)) {
                                alloc_behind_master_bio(r1_bio, bio);
                        }

                        md_bitmap_startwrite(bitmap, r1_bio->sector, r1_bio->sectors,
                                             test_bit(R1BIO_BehindIO, &r1_bio->state));
                        first_clone = 0;
                }

                if (r1_bio->behind_master_bio) {
                        mbio = bio_alloc_clone(rdev->bdev,
                                               r1_bio->behind_master_bio,
                                               GFP_NOIO, &mddev->bio_set);
                        if (test_bit(CollisionCheck, &rdev->flags))
                                wait_for_serialization(rdev, r1_bio);
                        if (test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags))
                                atomic_inc(&r1_bio->behind_remaining);
                } else {
                        mbio = bio_alloc_clone(rdev->bdev, bio, GFP_NOIO,
                                               &mddev->bio_set);

                        if (mddev->serialize_policy)
                                wait_for_serialization(rdev, r1_bio);
                }

                r1_bio->bios[i] = mbio;

                mbio->bi_iter.bi_sector = (r1_bio->sector + rdev->data_offset);
                mbio->bi_end_io = raid1_end_write_request;
                mbio->bi_opf = bio_op(bio) | (bio->bi_opf & (REQ_SYNC | REQ_FUA));
                if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags) &&
                    !test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags) &&
                    conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded > 1)
                        mbio->bi_opf |= MD_FAILFAST;
                mbio->bi_private = r1_bio;

                atomic_inc(&r1_bio->remaining);
                mddev_trace_remap(mddev, mbio, r1_bio->sector);
                /* flush_pending_writes() needs access to the rdev so...*/
                mbio->bi_bdev = (void *)rdev;
                if (!raid1_add_bio_to_plug(mddev, mbio, raid1_unplug, disks)) {
                        spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                        bio_list_add(&conf->pending_bio_list, mbio);
                        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                        md_wakeup_thread(mddev->thread);
                }
        }

        r1_bio_write_done(r1_bio);

        /* In case raid1d snuck in to freeze_array */
        wake_up_barrier(conf);
}

static bool raid1_make_request(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
{
        sector_t sectors;

        if (unlikely(bio->bi_opf & REQ_PREFLUSH)
            && md_flush_request(mddev, bio))
                return true;

        /*
         * There is a limit to the maximum size, but
         * the read/write handler might find a lower limit
         * due to bad blocks.  To avoid multiple splits,
         * we pass the maximum number of sectors down
         * and let the lower level perform the split.
         */
        sectors = align_to_barrier_unit_end(
                bio->bi_iter.bi_sector, bio_sectors(bio));

        if (bio_data_dir(bio) == READ)
                raid1_read_request(mddev, bio, sectors, NULL);
        else {
                md_write_start(mddev,bio);
                raid1_write_request(mddev, bio, sectors);
        }
        return true;
}

static void raid1_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int i;

        lockdep_assert_held(&mddev->lock);

        seq_printf(seq, " [%d/%d] [", conf->raid_disks,
                   conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded);
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks; i++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev = READ_ONCE(conf->mirrors[i].rdev);

                seq_printf(seq, "%s",
                           rdev && test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) ? "U" : "_");
        }
        seq_printf(seq, "]");
}

/**
 * raid1_error() - RAID1 error handler.
 * @mddev: affected md device.
 * @rdev: member device to fail.
 *
 * The routine acknowledges &rdev failure and determines new @mddev state.
 * If it failed, then:
 *      - &MD_BROKEN flag is set in &mddev->flags.
 *      - recovery is disabled.
 * Otherwise, it must be degraded:
 *      - recovery is interrupted.
 *      - &mddev->degraded is bumped.
 *
 * @rdev is marked as &Faulty excluding case when array is failed and
 * &mddev->fail_last_dev is off.
 */
static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);

        if (test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) &&
            (conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded) == 1) {
                set_bit(MD_BROKEN, &mddev->flags);

                if (!mddev->fail_last_dev) {
                        conf->recovery_disabled = mddev->recovery_disabled;
                        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                        return;
                }
        }
        set_bit(Blocked, &rdev->flags);
        if (test_and_clear_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags))
                mddev->degraded++;
        set_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
        /*
         * if recovery is running, make sure it aborts.
         */
        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &mddev->recovery);
        set_mask_bits(&mddev->sb_flags, 0,
                      BIT(MD_SB_CHANGE_DEVS) | BIT(MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING));
        pr_crit("md/raid1:%s: Disk failure on %pg, disabling device.\n"
                "md/raid1:%s: Operation continuing on %d devices.\n",
                mdname(mddev), rdev->bdev,
                mdname(mddev), conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded);
}

static void print_conf(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        int i;

        pr_debug("RAID1 conf printout:\n");
        if (!conf) {
                pr_debug("(!conf)\n");
                return;
        }
        pr_debug(" --- wd:%d rd:%d\n", conf->raid_disks - conf->mddev->degraded,
                 conf->raid_disks);

        lockdep_assert_held(&conf->mddev->reconfig_mutex);
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks; i++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;
                if (rdev)
                        pr_debug(" disk %d, wo:%d, o:%d, dev:%pg\n",
                                 i, !test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags),
                                 !test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags),
                                 rdev->bdev);
        }
}

static void close_sync(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        int idx;

        for (idx = 0; idx < BARRIER_BUCKETS_NR; idx++) {
                _wait_barrier(conf, idx, false);
                _allow_barrier(conf, idx);
        }

        mempool_exit(&conf->r1buf_pool);
}

static int raid1_spare_active(struct mddev *mddev)
{
        int i;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int count = 0;
        unsigned long flags;

        /*
         * Find all failed disks within the RAID1 configuration
         * and mark them readable.
         * Called under mddev lock, so rcu protection not needed.
         * device_lock used to avoid races with raid1_end_read_request
         * which expects 'In_sync' flags and ->degraded to be consistent.
         */
        spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks; i++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;
                struct md_rdev *repl = conf->mirrors[conf->raid_disks + i].rdev;
                if (repl
                    && !test_bit(Candidate, &repl->flags)
                    && repl->recovery_offset == MaxSector
                    && !test_bit(Faulty, &repl->flags)
                    && !test_and_set_bit(In_sync, &repl->flags)) {
                        /* replacement has just become active */
                        if (!rdev ||
                            !test_and_clear_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags))
                                count++;
                        if (rdev) {
                                /* Replaced device not technically
                                 * faulty, but we need to be sure
                                 * it gets removed and never re-added
                                 */
                                set_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags);
                                sysfs_notify_dirent_safe(
                                        rdev->sysfs_state);
                        }
                }
                if (rdev
                    && rdev->recovery_offset == MaxSector
                    && !test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)
                    && !test_and_set_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags)) {
                        count++;
                        sysfs_notify_dirent_safe(rdev->sysfs_state);
                }
        }
        mddev->degraded -= count;
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);

        print_conf(conf);
        return count;
}

static bool raid1_add_conf(struct r1conf *conf, struct md_rdev *rdev, int disk,
                           bool replacement)
{
        struct raid1_info *info = conf->mirrors + disk;

        if (replacement)
                info += conf->raid_disks;

        if (info->rdev)
                return false;

        if (bdev_nonrot(rdev->bdev)) {
                set_bit(Nonrot, &rdev->flags);
                WRITE_ONCE(conf->nonrot_disks, conf->nonrot_disks + 1);
        }

        rdev->raid_disk = disk;
        info->head_position = 0;
        info->seq_start = MaxSector;
        WRITE_ONCE(info->rdev, rdev);

        return true;
}

static bool raid1_remove_conf(struct r1conf *conf, int disk)
{
        struct raid1_info *info = conf->mirrors + disk;
        struct md_rdev *rdev = info->rdev;

        if (!rdev || test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) ||
            atomic_read(&rdev->nr_pending))
                return false;

        /* Only remove non-faulty devices if recovery is not possible. */
        if (!test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags) &&
            rdev->mddev->recovery_disabled != conf->recovery_disabled &&
            rdev->mddev->degraded < conf->raid_disks)
                return false;

        if (test_and_clear_bit(Nonrot, &rdev->flags))
                WRITE_ONCE(conf->nonrot_disks, conf->nonrot_disks - 1);

        WRITE_ONCE(info->rdev, NULL);
        return true;
}

static int raid1_add_disk(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int err = -EEXIST;
        int mirror = 0, repl_slot = -1;
        struct raid1_info *p;
        int first = 0;
        int last = conf->raid_disks - 1;

        if (mddev->recovery_disabled == conf->recovery_disabled)
                return -EBUSY;

        if (rdev->raid_disk >= 0)
                first = last = rdev->raid_disk;

        /*
         * find the disk ... but prefer rdev->saved_raid_disk
         * if possible.
         */
        if (rdev->saved_raid_disk >= 0 &&
            rdev->saved_raid_disk >= first &&
            rdev->saved_raid_disk < conf->raid_disks &&
            conf->mirrors[rdev->saved_raid_disk].rdev == NULL)
                first = last = rdev->saved_raid_disk;

        for (mirror = first; mirror <= last; mirror++) {
                p = conf->mirrors + mirror;
                if (!p->rdev) {
                        err = mddev_stack_new_rdev(mddev, rdev);
                        if (err)
                                return err;

                        raid1_add_conf(conf, rdev, mirror, false);
                        /* As all devices are equivalent, we don't need a full recovery
                         * if this was recently any drive of the array
                         */
                        if (rdev->saved_raid_disk < 0)
                                conf->fullsync = 1;
                        break;
                }
                if (test_bit(WantReplacement, &p->rdev->flags) &&
                    p[conf->raid_disks].rdev == NULL && repl_slot < 0)
                        repl_slot = mirror;
        }

        if (err && repl_slot >= 0) {
                /* Add this device as a replacement */
                clear_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags);
                set_bit(Replacement, &rdev->flags);
                raid1_add_conf(conf, rdev, repl_slot, true);
                err = 0;
                conf->fullsync = 1;
        }

        print_conf(conf);
        return err;
}

static int raid1_remove_disk(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int err = 0;
        int number = rdev->raid_disk;
        struct raid1_info *p = conf->mirrors + number;

        if (unlikely(number >= conf->raid_disks))
                goto abort;

        if (rdev != p->rdev) {
                number += conf->raid_disks;
                p = conf->mirrors + number;
        }

        print_conf(conf);
        if (rdev == p->rdev) {
                if (!raid1_remove_conf(conf, number)) {
                        err = -EBUSY;
                        goto abort;
                }

                if (number < conf->raid_disks &&
                    conf->mirrors[conf->raid_disks + number].rdev) {
                        /* We just removed a device that is being replaced.
                         * Move down the replacement.  We drain all IO before
                         * doing this to avoid confusion.
                         */
                        struct md_rdev *repl =
                                conf->mirrors[conf->raid_disks + number].rdev;
                        freeze_array(conf, 0);
                        if (atomic_read(&repl->nr_pending)) {
                                /* It means that some queued IO of retry_list
                                 * hold repl. Thus, we cannot set replacement
                                 * as NULL, avoiding rdev NULL pointer
                                 * dereference in sync_request_write and
                                 * handle_write_finished.
                                 */
                                err = -EBUSY;
                                unfreeze_array(conf);
                                goto abort;
                        }
                        clear_bit(Replacement, &repl->flags);
                        WRITE_ONCE(p->rdev, repl);
                        conf->mirrors[conf->raid_disks + number].rdev = NULL;
                        unfreeze_array(conf);
                }

                clear_bit(WantReplacement, &rdev->flags);
                err = md_integrity_register(mddev);
        }
abort:

        print_conf(conf);
        return err;
}

static void end_sync_read(struct bio *bio)
{
        struct r1bio *r1_bio = get_resync_r1bio(bio);

        update_head_pos(r1_bio->read_disk, r1_bio);

        /*
         * we have read a block, now it needs to be re-written,
         * or re-read if the read failed.
         * We don't do much here, just schedule handling by raid1d
         */
        if (!bio->bi_status)
                set_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state);

        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&r1_bio->remaining))
                reschedule_retry(r1_bio);
}

static void abort_sync_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        sector_t sync_blocks = 0;
        sector_t s = r1_bio->sector;
        long sectors_to_go = r1_bio->sectors;

        /* make sure these bits don't get cleared. */
        do {
                md_bitmap_end_sync(mddev->bitmap, s, &sync_blocks, 1);
                s += sync_blocks;
                sectors_to_go -= sync_blocks;
        } while (sectors_to_go > 0);
}

static void put_sync_write_buf(struct r1bio *r1_bio, int uptodate)
{
        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&r1_bio->remaining)) {
                struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
                int s = r1_bio->sectors;

                if (test_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state) ||
                    test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state))
                        reschedule_retry(r1_bio);
                else {
                        put_buf(r1_bio);
                        md_done_sync(mddev, s, uptodate);
                }
        }
}

static void end_sync_write(struct bio *bio)
{
        int uptodate = !bio->bi_status;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio = get_resync_r1bio(bio);
        struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[find_bio_disk(r1_bio, bio)].rdev;

        if (!uptodate) {
                abort_sync_write(mddev, r1_bio);
                set_bit(WriteErrorSeen, &rdev->flags);
                if (!test_and_set_bit(WantReplacement, &rdev->flags))
                        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, &
                                mddev->recovery);
                set_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state);
        } else if (rdev_has_badblock(rdev, r1_bio->sector, r1_bio->sectors) &&
                   !rdev_has_badblock(conf->mirrors[r1_bio->read_disk].rdev,
                                      r1_bio->sector, r1_bio->sectors)) {
                set_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state);
        }

        put_sync_write_buf(r1_bio, uptodate);
}

static int r1_sync_page_io(struct md_rdev *rdev, sector_t sector,
                           int sectors, struct page *page, blk_opf_t rw)
{
        if (sync_page_io(rdev, sector, sectors << 9, page, rw, false))
                /* success */
                return 1;
        if (rw == REQ_OP_WRITE) {
                set_bit(WriteErrorSeen, &rdev->flags);
                if (!test_and_set_bit(WantReplacement,
                                      &rdev->flags))
                        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, &
                                rdev->mddev->recovery);
        }
        /* need to record an error - either for the block or the device */
        if (!rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sector, sectors, 0))
                md_error(rdev->mddev, rdev);
        return 0;
}

static int fix_sync_read_error(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        /* Try some synchronous reads of other devices to get
         * good data, much like with normal read errors.  Only
         * read into the pages we already have so we don't
         * need to re-issue the read request.
         * We don't need to freeze the array, because being in an
         * active sync request, there is no normal IO, and
         * no overlapping syncs.
         * We don't need to check is_badblock() again as we
         * made sure that anything with a bad block in range
         * will have bi_end_io clear.
         */
        struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct bio *bio = r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk];
        struct page **pages = get_resync_pages(bio)->pages;
        sector_t sect = r1_bio->sector;
        int sectors = r1_bio->sectors;
        int idx = 0;
        struct md_rdev *rdev;

        rdev = conf->mirrors[r1_bio->read_disk].rdev;
        if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags)) {
                /* Don't try recovering from here - just fail it
                 * ... unless it is the last working device of course */
                md_error(mddev, rdev);
                if (test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                        /* Don't try to read from here, but make sure
                         * put_buf does it's thing
                         */
                        bio->bi_end_io = end_sync_write;
        }

        while(sectors) {
                int s = sectors;
                int d = r1_bio->read_disk;
                int success = 0;
                int start;

                if (s > (PAGE_SIZE>>9))
                        s = PAGE_SIZE >> 9;
                do {
                        if (r1_bio->bios[d]->bi_end_io == end_sync_read) {
                                /* No rcu protection needed here devices
                                 * can only be removed when no resync is
                                 * active, and resync is currently active
                                 */
                                rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                                if (sync_page_io(rdev, sect, s<<9,
                                                 pages[idx],
                                                 REQ_OP_READ, false)) {
                                        success = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        d++;
                        if (d == conf->raid_disks * 2)
                                d = 0;
                } while (!success && d != r1_bio->read_disk);

                if (!success) {
                        int abort = 0;
                        /* Cannot read from anywhere, this block is lost.
                         * Record a bad block on each device.  If that doesn't
                         * work just disable and interrupt the recovery.
                         * Don't fail devices as that won't really help.
                         */
                        pr_crit_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: %pg: unrecoverable I/O read error for block %llu\n",
                                            mdname(mddev), bio->bi_bdev,
                                            (unsigned long long)r1_bio->sector);
                        for (d = 0; d < conf->raid_disks * 2; d++) {
                                rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                                if (!rdev || test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                                        continue;
                                if (!rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sect, s, 0))
                                        abort = 1;
                        }
                        if (abort) {
                                conf->recovery_disabled =
                                        mddev->recovery_disabled;
                                set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &mddev->recovery);
                                md_done_sync(mddev, r1_bio->sectors, 0);
                                put_buf(r1_bio);
                                return 0;
                        }
                        /* Try next page */
                        sectors -= s;
                        sect += s;
                        idx++;
                        continue;
                }

                start = d;
                /* write it back and re-read */
                while (d != r1_bio->read_disk) {
                        if (d == 0)
                                d = conf->raid_disks * 2;
                        d--;
                        if (r1_bio->bios[d]->bi_end_io != end_sync_read)
                                continue;
                        rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                        if (r1_sync_page_io(rdev, sect, s,
                                            pages[idx],
                                            REQ_OP_WRITE) == 0) {
                                r1_bio->bios[d]->bi_end_io = NULL;
                                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, mddev);
                        }
                }
                d = start;
                while (d != r1_bio->read_disk) {
                        if (d == 0)
                                d = conf->raid_disks * 2;
                        d--;
                        if (r1_bio->bios[d]->bi_end_io != end_sync_read)
                                continue;
                        rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                        if (r1_sync_page_io(rdev, sect, s,
                                            pages[idx],
                                            REQ_OP_READ) != 0)
                                atomic_add(s, &rdev->corrected_errors);
                }
                sectors -= s;
                sect += s;
                idx ++;
        }
        set_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state);
        bio->bi_status = 0;
        return 1;
}

static void process_checks(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        /* We have read all readable devices.  If we haven't
         * got the block, then there is no hope left.
         * If we have, then we want to do a comparison
         * and skip the write if everything is the same.
         * If any blocks failed to read, then we need to
         * attempt an over-write
         */
        struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int primary;
        int i;
        int vcnt;

        /* Fix variable parts of all bios */
        vcnt = (r1_bio->sectors + PAGE_SIZE / 512 - 1) >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 9);
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {
                blk_status_t status;
                struct bio *b = r1_bio->bios[i];
                struct resync_pages *rp = get_resync_pages(b);
                if (b->bi_end_io != end_sync_read)
                        continue;
                /* fixup the bio for reuse, but preserve errno */
                status = b->bi_status;
                bio_reset(b, conf->mirrors[i].rdev->bdev, REQ_OP_READ);
                b->bi_status = status;
                b->bi_iter.bi_sector = r1_bio->sector +
                        conf->mirrors[i].rdev->data_offset;
                b->bi_end_io = end_sync_read;
                rp->raid_bio = r1_bio;
                b->bi_private = rp;

                /* initialize bvec table again */
                md_bio_reset_resync_pages(b, rp, r1_bio->sectors << 9);
        }
        for (primary = 0; primary < conf->raid_disks * 2; primary++)
                if (r1_bio->bios[primary]->bi_end_io == end_sync_read &&
                    !r1_bio->bios[primary]->bi_status) {
                        r1_bio->bios[primary]->bi_end_io = NULL;
                        rdev_dec_pending(conf->mirrors[primary].rdev, mddev);
                        break;
                }
        r1_bio->read_disk = primary;
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {
                int j = 0;
                struct bio *pbio = r1_bio->bios[primary];
                struct bio *sbio = r1_bio->bios[i];
                blk_status_t status = sbio->bi_status;
                struct page **ppages = get_resync_pages(pbio)->pages;
                struct page **spages = get_resync_pages(sbio)->pages;
                struct bio_vec *bi;
                int page_len[RESYNC_PAGES] = { 0 };
                struct bvec_iter_all iter_all;

                if (sbio->bi_end_io != end_sync_read)
                        continue;
                /* Now we can 'fixup' the error value */
                sbio->bi_status = 0;

                bio_for_each_segment_all(bi, sbio, iter_all)
                        page_len[j++] = bi->bv_len;

                if (!status) {
                        for (j = vcnt; j-- ; ) {
                                if (memcmp(page_address(ppages[j]),
                                           page_address(spages[j]),
                                           page_len[j]))
                                        break;
                        }
                } else
                        j = 0;
                if (j >= 0)
                        atomic64_add(r1_bio->sectors, &mddev->resync_mismatches);
                if (j < 0 || (test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_CHECK, &mddev->recovery)
                              && !status)) {
                        /* No need to write to this device. */
                        sbio->bi_end_io = NULL;
                        rdev_dec_pending(conf->mirrors[i].rdev, mddev);
                        continue;
                }

                bio_copy_data(sbio, pbio);
        }
}

static void sync_request_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int i;
        int disks = conf->raid_disks * 2;
        struct bio *wbio;

        if (!test_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state))
                /* ouch - failed to read all of that. */
                if (!fix_sync_read_error(r1_bio))
                        return;

        if (test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &mddev->recovery))
                process_checks(r1_bio);

        /*
         * schedule writes
         */
        atomic_set(&r1_bio->remaining, 1);
        for (i = 0; i < disks ; i++) {
                wbio = r1_bio->bios[i];
                if (wbio->bi_end_io == NULL ||
                    (wbio->bi_end_io == end_sync_read &&
                     (i == r1_bio->read_disk ||
                      !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_SYNC, &mddev->recovery))))
                        continue;
                if (test_bit(Faulty, &conf->mirrors[i].rdev->flags)) {
                        abort_sync_write(mddev, r1_bio);
                        continue;
                }

                wbio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE;
                if (test_bit(FailFast, &conf->mirrors[i].rdev->flags))
                        wbio->bi_opf |= MD_FAILFAST;

                wbio->bi_end_io = end_sync_write;
                atomic_inc(&r1_bio->remaining);
                md_sync_acct(conf->mirrors[i].rdev->bdev, bio_sectors(wbio));

                submit_bio_noacct(wbio);
        }

        put_sync_write_buf(r1_bio, 1);
}

/*
 * This is a kernel thread which:
 *
 *      1.      Retries failed read operations on working mirrors.
 *      2.      Updates the raid superblock when problems encounter.
 *      3.      Performs writes following reads for array synchronising.
 */

static void fix_read_error(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        sector_t sect = r1_bio->sector;
        int sectors = r1_bio->sectors;
        int read_disk = r1_bio->read_disk;
        struct mddev *mddev = conf->mddev;
        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[read_disk].rdev;

        if (exceed_read_errors(mddev, rdev)) {
                r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk] = IO_BLOCKED;
                return;
        }

        while(sectors) {
                int s = sectors;
                int d = read_disk;
                int success = 0;
                int start;

                if (s > (PAGE_SIZE>>9))
                        s = PAGE_SIZE >> 9;

                do {
                        rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                        if (rdev &&
                            (test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) ||
                             (!test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags) &&
                              rdev->recovery_offset >= sect + s)) &&
                            rdev_has_badblock(rdev, sect, s) == 0) {
                                atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
                                if (sync_page_io(rdev, sect, s<<9,
                                         conf->tmppage, REQ_OP_READ, false))
                                        success = 1;
                                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, mddev);
                                if (success)
                                        break;
                        }

                        d++;
                        if (d == conf->raid_disks * 2)
                                d = 0;
                } while (d != read_disk);

                if (!success) {
                        /* Cannot read from anywhere - mark it bad */
                        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[read_disk].rdev;
                        if (!rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sect, s, 0))
                                md_error(mddev, rdev);
                        break;
                }
                /* write it back and re-read */
                start = d;
                while (d != read_disk) {
                        if (d==0)
                                d = conf->raid_disks * 2;
                        d--;
                        rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                        if (rdev &&
                            !test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)) {
                                atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
                                r1_sync_page_io(rdev, sect, s,
                                                conf->tmppage, REQ_OP_WRITE);
                                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, mddev);
                        }
                }
                d = start;
                while (d != read_disk) {
                        if (d==0)
                                d = conf->raid_disks * 2;
                        d--;
                        rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                        if (rdev &&
                            !test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)) {
                                atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
                                if (r1_sync_page_io(rdev, sect, s,
                                                conf->tmppage, REQ_OP_READ)) {
                                        atomic_add(s, &rdev->corrected_errors);
                                        pr_info("md/raid1:%s: read error corrected (%d sectors at %llu on %pg)\n",
                                                mdname(mddev), s,
                                                (unsigned long long)(sect +
                                                                     rdev->data_offset),
                                                rdev->bdev);
                                }
                                rdev_dec_pending(rdev, mddev);
                        }
                }
                sectors -= s;
                sect += s;
        }
}

static int narrow_write_error(struct r1bio *r1_bio, int i)
{
        struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;

        /* bio has the data to be written to device 'i' where
         * we just recently had a write error.
         * We repeatedly clone the bio and trim down to one block,
         * then try the write.  Where the write fails we record
         * a bad block.
         * It is conceivable that the bio doesn't exactly align with
         * blocks.  We must handle this somehow.
         *
         * We currently own a reference on the rdev.
         */

        int block_sectors;
        sector_t sector;
        int sectors;
        int sect_to_write = r1_bio->sectors;
        int ok = 1;

        if (rdev->badblocks.shift < 0)
                return 0;

        block_sectors = roundup(1 << rdev->badblocks.shift,
                                bdev_logical_block_size(rdev->bdev) >> 9);
        sector = r1_bio->sector;
        sectors = ((sector + block_sectors)
                   & ~(sector_t)(block_sectors - 1))
                - sector;

        while (sect_to_write) {
                struct bio *wbio;
                if (sectors > sect_to_write)
                        sectors = sect_to_write;
                /* Write at 'sector' for 'sectors'*/

                if (test_bit(R1BIO_BehindIO, &r1_bio->state)) {
                        wbio = bio_alloc_clone(rdev->bdev,
                                               r1_bio->behind_master_bio,
                                               GFP_NOIO, &mddev->bio_set);
                } else {
                        wbio = bio_alloc_clone(rdev->bdev, r1_bio->master_bio,
                                               GFP_NOIO, &mddev->bio_set);
                }

                wbio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE;
                wbio->bi_iter.bi_sector = r1_bio->sector;
                wbio->bi_iter.bi_size = r1_bio->sectors << 9;

                bio_trim(wbio, sector - r1_bio->sector, sectors);
                wbio->bi_iter.bi_sector += rdev->data_offset;

                if (submit_bio_wait(wbio) < 0)
                        /* failure! */
                        ok = rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sector,
                                                sectors, 0)
                                && ok;

                bio_put(wbio);
                sect_to_write -= sectors;
                sector += sectors;
                sectors = block_sectors;
        }
        return ok;
}

static void handle_sync_write_finished(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        int m;
        int s = r1_bio->sectors;
        for (m = 0; m < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; m++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[m].rdev;
                struct bio *bio = r1_bio->bios[m];
                if (bio->bi_end_io == NULL)
                        continue;
                if (!bio->bi_status &&
                    test_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state)) {
                        rdev_clear_badblocks(rdev, r1_bio->sector, s, 0);
                }
                if (bio->bi_status &&
                    test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state)) {
                        if (!rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, r1_bio->sector, s, 0))
                                md_error(conf->mddev, rdev);
                }
        }
        put_buf(r1_bio);
        md_done_sync(conf->mddev, s, 1);
}

static void handle_write_finished(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        int m, idx;
        bool fail = false;

        for (m = 0; m < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; m++)
                if (r1_bio->bios[m] == IO_MADE_GOOD) {
                        struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[m].rdev;
                        rdev_clear_badblocks(rdev,
                                             r1_bio->sector,
                                             r1_bio->sectors, 0);
                        rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);
                } else if (r1_bio->bios[m] != NULL) {
                        /* This drive got a write error.  We need to
                         * narrow down and record precise write
                         * errors.
                         */
                        fail = true;
                        if (!narrow_write_error(r1_bio, m)) {
                                md_error(conf->mddev,
                                         conf->mirrors[m].rdev);
                                /* an I/O failed, we can't clear the bitmap */
                                set_bit(R1BIO_Degraded, &r1_bio->state);
                        }
                        rdev_dec_pending(conf->mirrors[m].rdev,
                                         conf->mddev);
                }
        if (fail) {
                spin_lock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
                list_add(&r1_bio->retry_list, &conf->bio_end_io_list);
                idx = sector_to_idx(r1_bio->sector);
                atomic_inc(&conf->nr_queued[idx]);
                spin_unlock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
                /*
                 * In case freeze_array() is waiting for condition
                 * get_unqueued_pending() == extra to be true.
                 */
                wake_up(&conf->wait_barrier);
                md_wakeup_thread(conf->mddev->thread);
        } else {
                if (test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state))
                        close_write(r1_bio);
                raid_end_bio_io(r1_bio);
        }
}

static void handle_read_error(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
{
        struct mddev *mddev = conf->mddev;
        struct bio *bio;
        struct md_rdev *rdev;
        sector_t sector;

        clear_bit(R1BIO_ReadError, &r1_bio->state);
        /* we got a read error. Maybe the drive is bad.  Maybe just
         * the block and we can fix it.
         * We freeze all other IO, and try reading the block from
         * other devices.  When we find one, we re-write
         * and check it that fixes the read error.
         * This is all done synchronously while the array is
         * frozen
         */

        bio = r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk];
        bio_put(bio);
        r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk] = NULL;

        rdev = conf->mirrors[r1_bio->read_disk].rdev;
        if (mddev->ro == 0
            && !test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags)) {
                freeze_array(conf, 1);
                fix_read_error(conf, r1_bio);
                unfreeze_array(conf);
        } else if (mddev->ro == 0 && test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags)) {
                md_error(mddev, rdev);
        } else {
                r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk] = IO_BLOCKED;
        }

        rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);
        sector = r1_bio->sector;
        bio = r1_bio->master_bio;

        /* Reuse the old r1_bio so that the IO_BLOCKED settings are preserved */
        r1_bio->state = 0;
        raid1_read_request(mddev, bio, r1_bio->sectors, r1_bio);
        allow_barrier(conf, sector);
}

static void raid1d(struct md_thread *thread)
{
        struct mddev *mddev = thread->mddev;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio;
        unsigned long flags;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct list_head *head = &conf->retry_list;
        struct blk_plug plug;
        int idx;

        md_check_recovery(mddev);

        if (!list_empty_careful(&conf->bio_end_io_list) &&
            !test_bit(MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING, &mddev->sb_flags)) {
                LIST_HEAD(tmp);
                spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                if (!test_bit(MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING, &mddev->sb_flags))
                        list_splice_init(&conf->bio_end_io_list, &tmp);
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                while (!list_empty(&tmp)) {
                        r1_bio = list_first_entry(&tmp, struct r1bio,
                                                  retry_list);
                        list_del(&r1_bio->retry_list);
                        idx = sector_to_idx(r1_bio->sector);
                        atomic_dec(&conf->nr_queued[idx]);
                        if (mddev->degraded)
                                set_bit(R1BIO_Degraded, &r1_bio->state);
                        if (test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state))
                                close_write(r1_bio);
                        raid_end_bio_io(r1_bio);
                }
        }

        blk_start_plug(&plug);
        for (;;) {

                flush_pending_writes(conf);

                spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                if (list_empty(head)) {
                        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
                        break;
                }
                r1_bio = list_entry(head->prev, struct r1bio, retry_list);
                list_del(head->prev);
                idx = sector_to_idx(r1_bio->sector);
                atomic_dec(&conf->nr_queued[idx]);
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);

                mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
                conf = mddev->private;
                if (test_bit(R1BIO_IsSync, &r1_bio->state)) {
                        if (test_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state) ||
                            test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state))
                                handle_sync_write_finished(conf, r1_bio);
                        else
                                sync_request_write(mddev, r1_bio);
                } else if (test_bit(R1BIO_MadeGood, &r1_bio->state) ||
                           test_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state))
                        handle_write_finished(conf, r1_bio);
                else if (test_bit(R1BIO_ReadError, &r1_bio->state))
                        handle_read_error(conf, r1_bio);
                else
                        WARN_ON_ONCE(1);

                cond_resched();
                if (mddev->sb_flags & ~(1<<MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING))
                        md_check_recovery(mddev);
        }
        blk_finish_plug(&plug);
}

static int init_resync(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        int buffs;

        buffs = RESYNC_WINDOW / RESYNC_BLOCK_SIZE;
        BUG_ON(mempool_initialized(&conf->r1buf_pool));

        return mempool_init(&conf->r1buf_pool, buffs, r1buf_pool_alloc,
                            r1buf_pool_free, conf->poolinfo);
}

static struct r1bio *raid1_alloc_init_r1buf(struct r1conf *conf)
{
        struct r1bio *r1bio = mempool_alloc(&conf->r1buf_pool, GFP_NOIO);
        struct resync_pages *rps;
        struct bio *bio;
        int i;

        for (i = conf->poolinfo->raid_disks; i--; ) {
                bio = r1bio->bios[i];
                rps = bio->bi_private;
                bio_reset(bio, NULL, 0);
                bio->bi_private = rps;
        }
        r1bio->master_bio = NULL;
        return r1bio;
}

/*
 * perform a "sync" on one "block"
 *
 * We need to make sure that no normal I/O request - particularly write
 * requests - conflict with active sync requests.
 *
 * This is achieved by tracking pending requests and a 'barrier' concept
 * that can be installed to exclude normal IO requests.
 */

static sector_t raid1_sync_request(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sector_nr,
                                   sector_t max_sector, int *skipped)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        struct r1bio *r1_bio;
        struct bio *bio;
        sector_t nr_sectors;
        int disk = -1;
        int i;
        int wonly = -1;
        int write_targets = 0, read_targets = 0;
        sector_t sync_blocks;
        int still_degraded = 0;
        int good_sectors = RESYNC_SECTORS;
        int min_bad = 0; /* number of sectors that are bad in all devices */
        int idx = sector_to_idx(sector_nr);
        int page_idx = 0;

        if (!mempool_initialized(&conf->r1buf_pool))
                if (init_resync(conf))
                        return 0;

        if (sector_nr >= max_sector) {
                /* If we aborted, we need to abort the
                 * sync on the 'current' bitmap chunk (there will
                 * only be one in raid1 resync.
                 * We can find the current addess in mddev->curr_resync
                 */
                if (mddev->curr_resync < max_sector) /* aborted */
                        md_bitmap_end_sync(mddev->bitmap, mddev->curr_resync,
                                           &sync_blocks, 1);
                else /* completed sync */
                        conf->fullsync = 0;

                md_bitmap_close_sync(mddev->bitmap);
                close_sync(conf);

                if (mddev_is_clustered(mddev)) {
                        conf->cluster_sync_low = 0;
                        conf->cluster_sync_high = 0;
                }
                return 0;
        }

        if (mddev->bitmap == NULL &&
            mddev->recovery_cp == MaxSector &&
            !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &mddev->recovery) &&
            conf->fullsync == 0) {
                *skipped = 1;
                return max_sector - sector_nr;
        }
        /* before building a request, check if we can skip these blocks..
         * This call the bitmap_start_sync doesn't actually record anything
         */
        if (!md_bitmap_start_sync(mddev->bitmap, sector_nr, &sync_blocks, 1) &&
            !conf->fullsync && !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &mddev->recovery)) {
                /* We can skip this block, and probably several more */
                *skipped = 1;
                return sync_blocks;
        }

        /*
         * If there is non-resync activity waiting for a turn, then let it
         * though before starting on this new sync request.
         */
        if (atomic_read(&conf->nr_waiting[idx]))
                schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);

        /* we are incrementing sector_nr below. To be safe, we check against
         * sector_nr + two times RESYNC_SECTORS
         */

        md_bitmap_cond_end_sync(mddev->bitmap, sector_nr,
                mddev_is_clustered(mddev) && (sector_nr + 2 * RESYNC_SECTORS > conf->cluster_sync_high));


        if (raise_barrier(conf, sector_nr))
                return 0;

        r1_bio = raid1_alloc_init_r1buf(conf);

        /*
         * If we get a correctably read error during resync or recovery,
         * we might want to read from a different device.  So we
         * flag all drives that could conceivably be read from for READ,
         * and any others (which will be non-In_sync devices) for WRITE.
         * If a read fails, we try reading from something else for which READ
         * is OK.
         */

        r1_bio->mddev = mddev;
        r1_bio->sector = sector_nr;
        r1_bio->state = 0;
        set_bit(R1BIO_IsSync, &r1_bio->state);
        /* make sure good_sectors won't go across barrier unit boundary */
        good_sectors = align_to_barrier_unit_end(sector_nr, good_sectors);

        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev;
                bio = r1_bio->bios[i];

                rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;
                if (rdev == NULL ||
                    test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)) {
                        if (i < conf->raid_disks)
                                still_degraded = 1;
                } else if (!test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags)) {
                        bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE;
                        bio->bi_end_io = end_sync_write;
                        write_targets ++;
                } else {
                        /* may need to read from here */
                        sector_t first_bad = MaxSector;
                        int bad_sectors;

                        if (is_badblock(rdev, sector_nr, good_sectors,
                                        &first_bad, &bad_sectors)) {
                                if (first_bad > sector_nr)
                                        good_sectors = first_bad - sector_nr;
                                else {
                                        bad_sectors -= (sector_nr - first_bad);
                                        if (min_bad == 0 ||
                                            min_bad > bad_sectors)
                                                min_bad = bad_sectors;
                                }
                        }
                        if (sector_nr < first_bad) {
                                if (test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags)) {
                                        if (wonly < 0)
                                                wonly = i;
                                } else {
                                        if (disk < 0)
                                                disk = i;
                                }
                                bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_READ;
                                bio->bi_end_io = end_sync_read;
                                read_targets++;
                        } else if (!test_bit(WriteErrorSeen, &rdev->flags) &&
                                test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_SYNC, &mddev->recovery) &&
                                !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_CHECK, &mddev->recovery)) {
                                /*
                                 * The device is suitable for reading (InSync),
                                 * but has bad block(s) here. Let's try to correct them,
                                 * if we are doing resync or repair. Otherwise, leave
                                 * this device alone for this sync request.
                                 */
                                bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE;
                                bio->bi_end_io = end_sync_write;
                                write_targets++;
                        }
                }
                if (rdev && bio->bi_end_io) {
                        atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
                        bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = sector_nr + rdev->data_offset;
                        bio_set_dev(bio, rdev->bdev);
                        if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags))
                                bio->bi_opf |= MD_FAILFAST;
                }
        }
        if (disk < 0)
                disk = wonly;
        r1_bio->read_disk = disk;

        if (read_targets == 0 && min_bad > 0) {
                /* These sectors are bad on all InSync devices, so we
                 * need to mark them bad on all write targets
                 */
                int ok = 1;
                for (i = 0 ; i < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; i++)
                        if (r1_bio->bios[i]->bi_end_io == end_sync_write) {
                                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;
                                ok = rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sector_nr,
                                                        min_bad, 0
                                        ) && ok;
                        }
                set_bit(MD_SB_CHANGE_DEVS, &mddev->sb_flags);
                *skipped = 1;
                put_buf(r1_bio);

                if (!ok) {
                        /* Cannot record the badblocks, so need to
                         * abort the resync.
                         * If there are multiple read targets, could just
                         * fail the really bad ones ???
                         */
                        conf->recovery_disabled = mddev->recovery_disabled;
                        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &mddev->recovery);
                        return 0;
                } else
                        return min_bad;

        }
        if (min_bad > 0 && min_bad < good_sectors) {
                /* only resync enough to reach the next bad->good
                 * transition */
                good_sectors = min_bad;
        }

        if (test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_SYNC, &mddev->recovery) && read_targets > 0)
                /* extra read targets are also write targets */
                write_targets += read_targets-1;

        if (write_targets == 0 || read_targets == 0) {
                /* There is nowhere to write, so all non-sync
                 * drives must be failed - so we are finished
                 */
                sector_t rv;
                if (min_bad > 0)
                        max_sector = sector_nr + min_bad;
                rv = max_sector - sector_nr;
                *skipped = 1;
                put_buf(r1_bio);
                return rv;
        }

        if (max_sector > mddev->resync_max)
                max_sector = mddev->resync_max; /* Don't do IO beyond here */
        if (max_sector > sector_nr + good_sectors)
                max_sector = sector_nr + good_sectors;
        nr_sectors = 0;
        sync_blocks = 0;
        do {
                struct page *page;
                int len = PAGE_SIZE;
                if (sector_nr + (len>>9) > max_sector)
                        len = (max_sector - sector_nr) << 9;
                if (len == 0)
                        break;
                if (sync_blocks == 0) {
                        if (!md_bitmap_start_sync(mddev->bitmap, sector_nr,
                                                  &sync_blocks, still_degraded) &&
                            !conf->fullsync &&
                            !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &mddev->recovery))
                                break;
                        if ((len >> 9) > sync_blocks)
                                len = sync_blocks<<9;
                }

                for (i = 0 ; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {
                        struct resync_pages *rp;

                        bio = r1_bio->bios[i];
                        rp = get_resync_pages(bio);
                        if (bio->bi_end_io) {
                                page = resync_fetch_page(rp, page_idx);

                                /*
                                 * won't fail because the vec table is big
                                 * enough to hold all these pages
                                 */
                                __bio_add_page(bio, page, len, 0);
                        }
                }
                nr_sectors += len>>9;
                sector_nr += len>>9;
                sync_blocks -= (len>>9);
        } while (++page_idx < RESYNC_PAGES);

        r1_bio->sectors = nr_sectors;

        if (mddev_is_clustered(mddev) &&
                        conf->cluster_sync_high < sector_nr + nr_sectors) {
                conf->cluster_sync_low = mddev->curr_resync_completed;
                conf->cluster_sync_high = conf->cluster_sync_low + CLUSTER_RESYNC_WINDOW_SECTORS;
                /* Send resync message */
                md_cluster_ops->resync_info_update(mddev,
                                conf->cluster_sync_low,
                                conf->cluster_sync_high);
        }

        /* For a user-requested sync, we read all readable devices and do a
         * compare
         */
        if (test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &mddev->recovery)) {
                atomic_set(&r1_bio->remaining, read_targets);
                for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2 && read_targets; i++) {
                        bio = r1_bio->bios[i];
                        if (bio->bi_end_io == end_sync_read) {
                                read_targets--;
                                md_sync_acct_bio(bio, nr_sectors);
                                if (read_targets == 1)
                                        bio->bi_opf &= ~MD_FAILFAST;
                                submit_bio_noacct(bio);
                        }
                }
        } else {
                atomic_set(&r1_bio->remaining, 1);
                bio = r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk];
                md_sync_acct_bio(bio, nr_sectors);
                if (read_targets == 1)
                        bio->bi_opf &= ~MD_FAILFAST;
                submit_bio_noacct(bio);
        }
        return nr_sectors;
}

static sector_t raid1_size(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sectors, int raid_disks)
{
        if (sectors)
                return sectors;

        return mddev->dev_sectors;
}

static struct r1conf *setup_conf(struct mddev *mddev)
{
        struct r1conf *conf;
        int i;
        struct raid1_info *disk;
        struct md_rdev *rdev;
        int err = -ENOMEM;

        conf = kzalloc(sizeof(struct r1conf), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf)
                goto abort;

        conf->nr_pending = kcalloc(BARRIER_BUCKETS_NR,
                                   sizeof(atomic_t), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->nr_pending)
                goto abort;

        conf->nr_waiting = kcalloc(BARRIER_BUCKETS_NR,
                                   sizeof(atomic_t), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->nr_waiting)
                goto abort;

        conf->nr_queued = kcalloc(BARRIER_BUCKETS_NR,
                                  sizeof(atomic_t), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->nr_queued)
                goto abort;

        conf->barrier = kcalloc(BARRIER_BUCKETS_NR,
                                sizeof(atomic_t), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->barrier)
                goto abort;

        conf->mirrors = kzalloc(array3_size(sizeof(struct raid1_info),
                                            mddev->raid_disks, 2),
                                GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->mirrors)
                goto abort;

        conf->tmppage = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->tmppage)
                goto abort;

        conf->poolinfo = kzalloc(sizeof(*conf->poolinfo), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!conf->poolinfo)
                goto abort;
        conf->poolinfo->raid_disks = mddev->raid_disks * 2;
        err = mempool_init(&conf->r1bio_pool, NR_RAID_BIOS, r1bio_pool_alloc,
                           rbio_pool_free, conf->poolinfo);
        if (err)
                goto abort;

        err = bioset_init(&conf->bio_split, BIO_POOL_SIZE, 0, 0);
        if (err)
                goto abort;

        conf->poolinfo->mddev = mddev;

        err = -EINVAL;
        spin_lock_init(&conf->device_lock);
        conf->raid_disks = mddev->raid_disks;
        rdev_for_each(rdev, mddev) {
                int disk_idx = rdev->raid_disk;

                if (disk_idx >= conf->raid_disks || disk_idx < 0)
                        continue;

                if (!raid1_add_conf(conf, rdev, disk_idx,
                                    test_bit(Replacement, &rdev->flags)))
                        goto abort;
        }
        conf->mddev = mddev;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&conf->retry_list);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&conf->bio_end_io_list);

        spin_lock_init(&conf->resync_lock);
        init_waitqueue_head(&conf->wait_barrier);

        bio_list_init(&conf->pending_bio_list);
        conf->recovery_disabled = mddev->recovery_disabled - 1;

        err = -EIO;
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks * 2; i++) {

                disk = conf->mirrors + i;

                if (i < conf->raid_disks &&
                    disk[conf->raid_disks].rdev) {
                        /* This slot has a replacement. */
                        if (!disk->rdev) {
                                /* No original, just make the replacement
                                 * a recovering spare
                                 */
                                disk->rdev =
                                        disk[conf->raid_disks].rdev;
                                disk[conf->raid_disks].rdev = NULL;
                        } else if (!test_bit(In_sync, &disk->rdev->flags))
                                /* Original is not in_sync - bad */
                                goto abort;
                }

                if (!disk->rdev ||
                    !test_bit(In_sync, &disk->rdev->flags)) {
                        disk->head_position = 0;
                        if (disk->rdev &&
                            (disk->rdev->saved_raid_disk < 0))
                                conf->fullsync = 1;
                }
        }

        err = -ENOMEM;
        rcu_assign_pointer(conf->thread,
                           md_register_thread(raid1d, mddev, "raid1"));
        if (!conf->thread)
                goto abort;

        return conf;

 abort:
        if (conf) {
                mempool_exit(&conf->r1bio_pool);
                kfree(conf->mirrors);
                safe_put_page(conf->tmppage);
                kfree(conf->poolinfo);
                kfree(conf->nr_pending);
                kfree(conf->nr_waiting);
                kfree(conf->nr_queued);
                kfree(conf->barrier);
                bioset_exit(&conf->bio_split);
                kfree(conf);
        }
        return ERR_PTR(err);
}

static int raid1_set_limits(struct mddev *mddev)
{
        struct queue_limits lim;
        int err;

        md_init_stacking_limits(&lim);
        lim.max_write_zeroes_sectors = 0;
        err = mddev_stack_rdev_limits(mddev, &lim, MDDEV_STACK_INTEGRITY);
        if (err) {
                queue_limits_cancel_update(mddev->gendisk->queue);
                return err;
        }
        return queue_limits_set(mddev->gendisk->queue, &lim);
}

static int raid1_run(struct mddev *mddev)
{
        struct r1conf *conf;
        int i;
        int ret;

        if (mddev->level != 1) {
                pr_warn("md/raid1:%s: raid level not set to mirroring (%d)\n",
                        mdname(mddev), mddev->level);
                return -EIO;
        }
        if (mddev->reshape_position != MaxSector) {
                pr_warn("md/raid1:%s: reshape_position set but not supported\n",
                        mdname(mddev));
                return -EIO;
        }

        /*
         * copy the already verified devices into our private RAID1
         * bookkeeping area. [whatever we allocate in run(),
         * should be freed in raid1_free()]
         */
        if (mddev->private == NULL)
                conf = setup_conf(mddev);
        else
                conf = mddev->private;

        if (IS_ERR(conf))
                return PTR_ERR(conf);

        if (!mddev_is_dm(mddev)) {
                ret = raid1_set_limits(mddev);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        mddev->degraded = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks; i++)
                if (conf->mirrors[i].rdev == NULL ||
                    !test_bit(In_sync, &conf->mirrors[i].rdev->flags) ||
                    test_bit(Faulty, &conf->mirrors[i].rdev->flags))
                        mddev->degraded++;
        /*
         * RAID1 needs at least one disk in active
         */
        if (conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded < 1) {
                md_unregister_thread(mddev, &conf->thread);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded == 1)
                mddev->recovery_cp = MaxSector;

        if (mddev->recovery_cp != MaxSector)
                pr_info("md/raid1:%s: not clean -- starting background reconstruction\n",
                        mdname(mddev));
        pr_info("md/raid1:%s: active with %d out of %d mirrors\n",
                mdname(mddev), mddev->raid_disks - mddev->degraded,
                mddev->raid_disks);

        /*
         * Ok, everything is just fine now
         */
        rcu_assign_pointer(mddev->thread, conf->thread);
        rcu_assign_pointer(conf->thread, NULL);
        mddev->private = conf;
        set_bit(MD_FAILFAST_SUPPORTED, &mddev->flags);

        md_set_array_sectors(mddev, raid1_size(mddev, 0, 0));

        ret = md_integrity_register(mddev);
        if (ret)
                md_unregister_thread(mddev, &mddev->thread);
        return ret;
}

static void raid1_free(struct mddev *mddev, void *priv)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = priv;

        mempool_exit(&conf->r1bio_pool);
        kfree(conf->mirrors);
        safe_put_page(conf->tmppage);
        kfree(conf->poolinfo);
        kfree(conf->nr_pending);
        kfree(conf->nr_waiting);
        kfree(conf->nr_queued);
        kfree(conf->barrier);
        bioset_exit(&conf->bio_split);
        kfree(conf);
}

static int raid1_resize(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sectors)
{
        /* no resync is happening, and there is enough space
         * on all devices, so we can resize.
         * We need to make sure resync covers any new space.
         * If the array is shrinking we should possibly wait until
         * any io in the removed space completes, but it hardly seems
         * worth it.
         */
        sector_t newsize = raid1_size(mddev, sectors, 0);
        if (mddev->external_size &&
            mddev->array_sectors > newsize)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (mddev->bitmap) {
                int ret = md_bitmap_resize(mddev->bitmap, newsize, 0, 0);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }
        md_set_array_sectors(mddev, newsize);
        if (sectors > mddev->dev_sectors &&
            mddev->recovery_cp > mddev->dev_sectors) {
                mddev->recovery_cp = mddev->dev_sectors;
                set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, &mddev->recovery);
        }
        mddev->dev_sectors = sectors;
        mddev->resync_max_sectors = sectors;
        return 0;
}

static int raid1_reshape(struct mddev *mddev)
{
        /* We need to:
         * 1/ resize the r1bio_pool
         * 2/ resize conf->mirrors
         *
         * We allocate a new r1bio_pool if we can.
         * Then raise a device barrier and wait until all IO stops.
         * Then resize conf->mirrors and swap in the new r1bio pool.
         *
         * At the same time, we "pack" the devices so that all the missing
         * devices have the higher raid_disk numbers.
         */
        mempool_t newpool, oldpool;
        struct pool_info *newpoolinfo;
        struct raid1_info *newmirrors;
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
        int cnt, raid_disks;
        unsigned long flags;
        int d, d2;
        int ret;

        memset(&newpool, 0, sizeof(newpool));
        memset(&oldpool, 0, sizeof(oldpool));

        /* Cannot change chunk_size, layout, or level */
        if (mddev->chunk_sectors != mddev->new_chunk_sectors ||
            mddev->layout != mddev->new_layout ||
            mddev->level != mddev->new_level) {
                mddev->new_chunk_sectors = mddev->chunk_sectors;
                mddev->new_layout = mddev->layout;
                mddev->new_level = mddev->level;
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (!mddev_is_clustered(mddev))
                md_allow_write(mddev);

        raid_disks = mddev->raid_disks + mddev->delta_disks;

        if (raid_disks < conf->raid_disks) {
                cnt=0;
                for (d= 0; d < conf->raid_disks; d++)
                        if (conf->mirrors[d].rdev)
                                cnt++;
                if (cnt > raid_disks)
                        return -EBUSY;
        }

        newpoolinfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*newpoolinfo), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!newpoolinfo)
                return -ENOMEM;
        newpoolinfo->mddev = mddev;
        newpoolinfo->raid_disks = raid_disks * 2;

        ret = mempool_init(&newpool, NR_RAID_BIOS, r1bio_pool_alloc,
                           rbio_pool_free, newpoolinfo);
        if (ret) {
                kfree(newpoolinfo);
                return ret;
        }
        newmirrors = kzalloc(array3_size(sizeof(struct raid1_info),
                                         raid_disks, 2),
                             GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!newmirrors) {
                kfree(newpoolinfo);
                mempool_exit(&newpool);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        freeze_array(conf, 0);

        /* ok, everything is stopped */
        oldpool = conf->r1bio_pool;
        conf->r1bio_pool = newpool;

        for (d = d2 = 0; d < conf->raid_disks; d++) {
                struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[d].rdev;
                if (rdev && rdev->raid_disk != d2) {
                        sysfs_unlink_rdev(mddev, rdev);
                        rdev->raid_disk = d2;
                        sysfs_unlink_rdev(mddev, rdev);
                        if (sysfs_link_rdev(mddev, rdev))
                                pr_warn("md/raid1:%s: cannot register rd%d\n",
                                        mdname(mddev), rdev->raid_disk);
                }
                if (rdev)
                        newmirrors[d2++].rdev = rdev;
        }
        kfree(conf->mirrors);
        conf->mirrors = newmirrors;
        kfree(conf->poolinfo);
        conf->poolinfo = newpoolinfo;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
        mddev->degraded += (raid_disks - conf->raid_disks);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
        conf->raid_disks = mddev->raid_disks = raid_disks;
        mddev->delta_disks = 0;

        unfreeze_array(conf);

        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_RECOVER, &mddev->recovery);
        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, &mddev->recovery);
        md_wakeup_thread(mddev->thread);

        mempool_exit(&oldpool);
        return 0;
}

static void raid1_quiesce(struct mddev *mddev, int quiesce)
{
        struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;

        if (quiesce)
                freeze_array(conf, 0);
        else
                unfreeze_array(conf);
}

static void *raid1_takeover(struct mddev *mddev)
{
        /* raid1 can take over:
         *  raid5 with 2 devices, any layout or chunk size
         */
        if (mddev->level == 5 && mddev->raid_disks == 2) {
                struct r1conf *conf;
                mddev->new_level = 1;
                mddev->new_layout = 0;
                mddev->new_chunk_sectors = 0;
                conf = setup_conf(mddev);
                if (!IS_ERR(conf)) {
                        /* Array must appear to be quiesced */
                        conf->array_frozen = 1;
                        mddev_clear_unsupported_flags(mddev,
                                UNSUPPORTED_MDDEV_FLAGS);
                }
                return conf;
        }
        return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}

static struct md_personality raid1_personality =
{
        .name           = "raid1",
        .level          = 1,
        .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
        .make_request   = raid1_make_request,
        .run            = raid1_run,
        .free           = raid1_free,
        .status         = raid1_status,
        .error_handler  = raid1_error,
        .hot_add_disk   = raid1_add_disk,
        .hot_remove_disk= raid1_remove_disk,
        .spare_active   = raid1_spare_active,
        .sync_request   = raid1_sync_request,
        .resize         = raid1_resize,
        .size           = raid1_size,
        .check_reshape  = raid1_reshape,
        .quiesce        = raid1_quiesce,
        .takeover       = raid1_takeover,
};

static int __init raid_init(void)
{
        return register_md_personality(&raid1_personality);
}

static void raid_exit(void)
{
        unregister_md_personality(&raid1_personality);
}

module_init(raid_init);
module_exit(raid_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("RAID1 (mirroring) personality for MD");
MODULE_ALIAS("md-personality-3"); /* RAID1 */
MODULE_ALIAS("md-raid1");
MODULE_ALIAS("md-level-1");