1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * Architecture specific (i386/x86_64) functions for kexec based crash dumps.
7 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2004. All rights reserved.
8 * Copyright (C) Red Hat Inc., 2014. All rights reserved.
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kexec: " fmt
16 #include <linux/types.h>
17 #include <linux/kernel.h>
18 #include <linux/smp.h>
19 #include <linux/reboot.h>
20 #include <linux/kexec.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/elf.h>
23 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
24 #include <linux/export.h>
25 #include <linux/slab.h>
26 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
27 #include <linux/memblock.h>
29 #include <asm/processor.h>
30 #include <asm/hardirq.h>
32 #include <asm/hw_irq.h>
34 #include <asm/e820/types.h>
35 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
37 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
39 #include <asm/reboot.h>
40 #include <asm/intel_pt.h>
41 #include <asm/crash.h>
42 #include <asm/cmdline.h>
44 /* Used while preparing memory map entries for second kernel */
45 struct crash_memmap_data {
46 struct boot_params *params;
52 * This is used to VMCLEAR all VMCSs loaded on the
53 * processor. And when loading kvm_intel module, the
54 * callback function pointer will be assigned.
58 crash_vmclear_fn __rcu *crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss = NULL;
59 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss);
61 static inline void cpu_crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss(void)
63 crash_vmclear_fn *do_vmclear_operation = NULL;
66 do_vmclear_operation = rcu_dereference(crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss);
67 if (do_vmclear_operation)
68 do_vmclear_operation();
72 #if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && defined(CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC)
74 static void kdump_nmi_callback(int cpu, struct pt_regs *regs)
76 crash_save_cpu(regs, cpu);
79 * VMCLEAR VMCSs loaded on all cpus if needed.
81 cpu_crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss();
84 * Disable Intel PT to stop its logging
86 cpu_emergency_stop_pt();
91 void kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus(void)
93 nmi_shootdown_cpus(kdump_nmi_callback);
98 /* Override the weak function in kernel/panic.c */
99 void crash_smp_send_stop(void)
101 static int cpus_stopped;
106 if (smp_ops.crash_stop_other_cpus)
107 smp_ops.crash_stop_other_cpus();
115 void crash_smp_send_stop(void)
117 /* There are no cpus to shootdown */
121 void native_machine_crash_shutdown(struct pt_regs *regs)
123 /* This function is only called after the system
124 * has panicked or is otherwise in a critical state.
125 * The minimum amount of code to allow a kexec'd kernel
126 * to run successfully needs to happen here.
128 * In practice this means shooting down the other cpus in
131 /* The kernel is broken so disable interrupts */
134 crash_smp_send_stop();
137 * VMCLEAR VMCSs loaded on this cpu if needed.
139 cpu_crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss();
141 cpu_emergency_disable_virtualization();
144 * Disable Intel PT to stop its logging
146 cpu_emergency_stop_pt();
148 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_IO_APIC
149 /* Prevent crash_kexec() from deadlocking on ioapic_lock. */
154 restore_boot_irq_mode();
155 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET_TIMER
158 crash_save_cpu(regs, safe_smp_processor_id());
161 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE
163 static int get_nr_ram_ranges_callback(struct resource *res, void *arg)
165 unsigned int *nr_ranges = arg;
171 /* Gather all the required information to prepare elf headers for ram regions */
172 static struct crash_mem *fill_up_crash_elf_data(void)
174 unsigned int nr_ranges = 0;
175 struct crash_mem *cmem;
177 walk_system_ram_res(0, -1, &nr_ranges, get_nr_ram_ranges_callback);
182 * Exclusion of crash region and/or crashk_low_res may cause
183 * another range split. So add extra two slots here.
186 cmem = vzalloc(struct_size(cmem, ranges, nr_ranges));
190 cmem->max_nr_ranges = nr_ranges;
197 * Look for any unwanted ranges between mstart, mend and remove them. This
198 * might lead to split and split ranges are put in cmem->ranges[] array
200 static int elf_header_exclude_ranges(struct crash_mem *cmem)
204 /* Exclude the low 1M because it is always reserved */
205 ret = crash_exclude_mem_range(cmem, 0, (1<<20)-1);
209 /* Exclude crashkernel region */
210 ret = crash_exclude_mem_range(cmem, crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end);
214 if (crashk_low_res.end)
215 ret = crash_exclude_mem_range(cmem, crashk_low_res.start,
221 static int prepare_elf64_ram_headers_callback(struct resource *res, void *arg)
223 struct crash_mem *cmem = arg;
225 cmem->ranges[cmem->nr_ranges].start = res->start;
226 cmem->ranges[cmem->nr_ranges].end = res->end;
232 /* Prepare elf headers. Return addr and size */
233 static int prepare_elf_headers(struct kimage *image, void **addr,
236 struct crash_mem *cmem;
239 cmem = fill_up_crash_elf_data();
243 ret = walk_system_ram_res(0, -1, cmem, prepare_elf64_ram_headers_callback);
247 /* Exclude unwanted mem ranges */
248 ret = elf_header_exclude_ranges(cmem);
252 /* By default prepare 64bit headers */
253 ret = crash_prepare_elf64_headers(cmem, IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64), addr, sz);
260 static int add_e820_entry(struct boot_params *params, struct e820_entry *entry)
262 unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
264 nr_e820_entries = params->e820_entries;
265 if (nr_e820_entries >= E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE)
268 memcpy(¶ms->e820_table[nr_e820_entries], entry, sizeof(struct e820_entry));
269 params->e820_entries++;
273 static int memmap_entry_callback(struct resource *res, void *arg)
275 struct crash_memmap_data *cmd = arg;
276 struct boot_params *params = cmd->params;
277 struct e820_entry ei;
279 ei.addr = res->start;
280 ei.size = resource_size(res);
282 add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
287 static int memmap_exclude_ranges(struct kimage *image, struct crash_mem *cmem,
288 unsigned long long mstart,
289 unsigned long long mend)
291 unsigned long start, end;
293 cmem->ranges[0].start = mstart;
294 cmem->ranges[0].end = mend;
297 /* Exclude elf header region */
298 start = image->elf_load_addr;
299 end = start + image->elf_headers_sz - 1;
300 return crash_exclude_mem_range(cmem, start, end);
303 /* Prepare memory map for crash dump kernel */
304 int crash_setup_memmap_entries(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params)
308 struct e820_entry ei;
309 struct crash_memmap_data cmd;
310 struct crash_mem *cmem;
312 cmem = vzalloc(struct_size(cmem, ranges, 1));
316 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct crash_memmap_data));
320 cmd.type = E820_TYPE_RAM;
321 flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
322 walk_iomem_res_desc(IORES_DESC_NONE, flags, 0, (1<<20)-1, &cmd,
323 memmap_entry_callback);
325 /* Add ACPI tables */
326 cmd.type = E820_TYPE_ACPI;
327 flags = IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
328 walk_iomem_res_desc(IORES_DESC_ACPI_TABLES, flags, 0, -1, &cmd,
329 memmap_entry_callback);
331 /* Add ACPI Non-volatile Storage */
332 cmd.type = E820_TYPE_NVS;
333 walk_iomem_res_desc(IORES_DESC_ACPI_NV_STORAGE, flags, 0, -1, &cmd,
334 memmap_entry_callback);
336 /* Add e820 reserved ranges */
337 cmd.type = E820_TYPE_RESERVED;
338 flags = IORESOURCE_MEM;
339 walk_iomem_res_desc(IORES_DESC_RESERVED, flags, 0, -1, &cmd,
340 memmap_entry_callback);
342 /* Add crashk_low_res region */
343 if (crashk_low_res.end) {
344 ei.addr = crashk_low_res.start;
345 ei.size = resource_size(&crashk_low_res);
346 ei.type = E820_TYPE_RAM;
347 add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
350 /* Exclude some ranges from crashk_res and add rest to memmap */
351 ret = memmap_exclude_ranges(image, cmem, crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end);
355 for (i = 0; i < cmem->nr_ranges; i++) {
356 ei.size = cmem->ranges[i].end - cmem->ranges[i].start + 1;
358 /* If entry is less than a page, skip it */
359 if (ei.size < PAGE_SIZE)
361 ei.addr = cmem->ranges[i].start;
362 ei.type = E820_TYPE_RAM;
363 add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
371 int crash_load_segments(struct kimage *image)
374 struct kexec_buf kbuf = { .image = image, .buf_min = 0,
375 .buf_max = ULONG_MAX, .top_down = false };
377 /* Prepare elf headers and add a segment */
378 ret = prepare_elf_headers(image, &kbuf.buffer, &kbuf.bufsz);
382 image->elf_headers = kbuf.buffer;
383 image->elf_headers_sz = kbuf.bufsz;
385 kbuf.memsz = kbuf.bufsz;
386 kbuf.buf_align = ELF_CORE_HEADER_ALIGN;
387 kbuf.mem = KEXEC_BUF_MEM_UNKNOWN;
388 ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
391 image->elf_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
392 pr_debug("Loaded ELF headers at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
393 image->elf_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.memsz);
397 #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */