1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
8 * helper functions when coping with rational numbers
11 #include <linux/rational.h>
12 #include <linux/compiler.h>
13 #include <linux/export.h>
14 #include <linux/minmax.h>
15 #include <linux/limits.h>
16 #include <linux/module.h>
19 * calculate best rational approximation for a given fraction
20 * taking into account restricted register size, e.g. to find
21 * appropriate values for a pll with 5 bit denominator and
22 * 8 bit numerator register fields, trying to set up with a
23 * frequency ratio of 3.1415, one would say:
25 * rational_best_approximation(31415, 10000,
26 * (1 << 8) - 1, (1 << 5) - 1, &n, &d);
28 * you may look at given_numerator as a fixed point number,
29 * with the fractional part size described in given_denominator.
31 * for theoretical background, see:
32 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continued_fraction
35 void rational_best_approximation(
36 unsigned long given_numerator, unsigned long given_denominator,
37 unsigned long max_numerator, unsigned long max_denominator,
38 unsigned long *best_numerator, unsigned long *best_denominator)
40 /* n/d is the starting rational, which is continually
41 * decreased each iteration using the Euclidean algorithm.
43 * dp is the value of d from the prior iteration.
45 * n2/d2, n1/d1, and n0/d0 are our successively more accurate
46 * approximations of the rational. They are, respectively,
47 * the current, previous, and two prior iterations of it.
49 * a is current term of the continued fraction.
51 unsigned long n, d, n0, d0, n1, d1, n2, d2;
53 d = given_denominator;
62 /* Find next term in continued fraction, 'a', via
63 * Euclidean algorithm.
70 /* Calculate the current rational approximation (aka
71 * convergent), n2/d2, using the term just found and
72 * the two prior approximations.
77 /* If the current convergent exceeds the maxes, then
78 * return either the previous convergent or the
79 * largest semi-convergent, the final term of which is
82 if ((n2 > max_numerator) || (d2 > max_denominator)) {
83 unsigned long t = ULONG_MAX;
86 t = (max_denominator - d0) / d1;
88 t = min(t, (max_numerator - n0) / n1);
90 /* This tests if the semi-convergent is closer than the previous
91 * convergent. If d1 is zero there is no previous convergent as this
92 * is the 1st iteration, so always choose the semi-convergent.
94 if (!d1 || 2u * t > a || (2u * t == a && d0 * dp > d1 * d)) {
105 *best_numerator = n1;
106 *best_denominator = d1;
109 EXPORT_SYMBOL(rational_best_approximation);
111 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");