5 * Simon Schulz (ark3116_driver <at> auctionant.de)
8 * - implements a driver for the arkmicro ark3116 chipset (vendor=0x6547,
9 * productid=0x0232) (used in a datacable called KQ-U8A)
11 * Supports full modem status lines, break, hardware flow control. Does not
12 * support software flow control, since I do not know how to enable it in hw.
14 * This driver is a essentially new implementation. I initially dug
15 * into the old ark3116.c driver and suddenly realized the ark3116 is
16 * a 16450 with a USB interface glued to it. See comments at the
17 * bottom of this file.
19 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
20 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
21 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
22 * option) any later version.
25 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
27 #include <linux/tty.h>
28 #include <linux/slab.h>
29 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
30 #include <linux/module.h>
31 #include <linux/usb.h>
32 #include <linux/usb/serial.h>
33 #include <linux/serial.h>
34 #include <linux/serial_reg.h>
35 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
36 #include <linux/mutex.h>
37 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
40 #define DRIVER_DESC "USB ARK3116 serial/IrDA driver"
41 #define DRIVER_DEV_DESC "ARK3116 RS232/IrDA"
42 #define DRIVER_NAME "ark3116"
44 /* usb timeout of 1 second */
45 #define ARK_TIMEOUT 1000
47 static const struct usb_device_id id_table[] = {
48 { USB_DEVICE(0x6547, 0x0232) },
49 { USB_DEVICE(0x18ec, 0x3118) }, /* USB to IrDA adapter */
52 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, id_table);
54 static int is_irda(struct usb_serial *serial)
56 struct usb_device *dev = serial->dev;
57 if (le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor) == 0x18ec &&
58 le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct) == 0x3118)
63 struct ark3116_private {
64 int irda; /* 1 for irda device */
66 /* protects hw register updates */
69 int quot; /* baudrate divisor */
70 __u32 lcr; /* line control register value */
71 __u32 hcr; /* handshake control register (0x8)
73 __u32 mcr; /* modem control register value */
75 /* protects the status values below */
76 spinlock_t status_lock;
77 __u32 msr; /* modem status register value */
78 __u32 lsr; /* line status register value */
81 static int ark3116_write_reg(struct usb_serial *serial,
82 unsigned reg, __u8 val)
85 /* 0xfe 0x40 are magic values taken from original driver */
86 result = usb_control_msg(serial->dev,
87 usb_sndctrlpipe(serial->dev, 0),
89 NULL, 0, ARK_TIMEOUT);
93 static int ark3116_read_reg(struct usb_serial *serial,
94 unsigned reg, unsigned char *buf)
97 /* 0xfe 0xc0 are magic values taken from original driver */
98 result = usb_control_msg(serial->dev,
99 usb_rcvctrlpipe(serial->dev, 0),
101 buf, 1, ARK_TIMEOUT);
103 dev_err(&serial->interface->dev,
104 "failed to read register %u: %d\n",
115 static inline int calc_divisor(int bps)
117 /* Original ark3116 made some exceptions in rounding here
118 * because windows did the same. Assume that is not really
120 * Crystal is 12MHz, probably because of USB, but we divide by 4?
122 return (12000000 + 2*bps) / (4*bps);
125 static int ark3116_attach(struct usb_serial *serial)
127 /* make sure we have our end-points */
128 if (serial->num_bulk_in == 0 ||
129 serial->num_bulk_out == 0 ||
130 serial->num_interrupt_in == 0) {
131 dev_err(&serial->interface->dev, "missing endpoint\n");
138 static int ark3116_port_probe(struct usb_serial_port *port)
140 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
141 struct ark3116_private *priv;
143 priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
147 mutex_init(&priv->hw_lock);
148 spin_lock_init(&priv->status_lock);
150 priv->irda = is_irda(serial);
152 usb_set_serial_port_data(port, priv);
154 /* setup the hardware */
155 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_IER, 0);
157 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
158 /* handshake control */
160 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x8 , 0);
163 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_MCR, 0);
166 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xb , 0);
168 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xb , 1);
169 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xc , 0);
170 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xd , 0x41);
171 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xa , 1);
175 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, UART_LCR_DLAB);
177 /* setup for 9600 8N1 */
178 priv->quot = calc_divisor(9600);
179 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLL, priv->quot & 0xff);
180 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLM, (priv->quot>>8) & 0xff);
182 priv->lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN8;
183 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, UART_LCR_WLEN8);
185 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xe, 0);
188 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x9, 0);
190 dev_info(&port->dev, "using %s mode\n", priv->irda ? "IrDA" : "RS232");
195 static int ark3116_port_remove(struct usb_serial_port *port)
197 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
199 /* device is closed, so URBs and DMA should be down */
200 mutex_destroy(&priv->hw_lock);
206 static void ark3116_init_termios(struct tty_struct *tty)
208 struct ktermios *termios = &tty->termios;
209 *termios = tty_std_termios;
210 termios->c_cflag = B9600 | CS8
211 | CREAD | HUPCL | CLOCAL;
212 termios->c_ispeed = 9600;
213 termios->c_ospeed = 9600;
216 static void ark3116_set_termios(struct tty_struct *tty,
217 struct usb_serial_port *port,
218 struct ktermios *old_termios)
220 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
221 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
222 struct ktermios *termios = &tty->termios;
223 unsigned int cflag = termios->c_cflag;
224 int bps = tty_get_baud_rate(tty);
228 /* set data bit count */
229 switch (cflag & CSIZE) {
231 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN5;
234 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN6;
237 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN7;
241 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN8;
245 lcr |= UART_LCR_STOP;
247 lcr |= UART_LCR_PARITY;
248 if (!(cflag & PARODD))
249 lcr |= UART_LCR_EPAR;
252 lcr |= UART_LCR_SPAR;
254 /* handshake control */
255 hcr = (cflag & CRTSCTS) ? 0x03 : 0x00;
258 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - setting bps to %d\n", __func__, bps);
262 quot = calc_divisor(9600);
265 if ((bps < 75) || (bps > 3000000))
267 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
271 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
275 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
279 /* Update state: synchronize */
280 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
282 /* keep old LCR_SBC bit */
283 lcr |= (priv->lcr & UART_LCR_SBC);
285 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - setting hcr:0x%02x,lcr:0x%02x,quot:%d\n",
286 __func__, hcr, lcr, quot);
288 /* handshake control */
289 if (priv->hcr != hcr) {
291 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x8, hcr);
295 if (priv->quot != quot) {
297 priv->lcr = lcr; /* need to write lcr anyway */
299 /* disable DMA since transmit/receive is
300 * shadowed by UART_DLL
302 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
304 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR,
306 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLL, quot & 0xff);
307 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLM, (quot>>8) & 0xff);
310 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, lcr);
311 /* magic baudrate thingy: not sure what it does,
312 * but windows does this as well.
314 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xe, eval);
317 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT);
318 } else if (priv->lcr != lcr) {
320 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, lcr);
323 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
325 /* check for software flow control */
326 if (I_IXOFF(tty) || I_IXON(tty)) {
328 "software flow control not implemented\n");
331 /* Don't rewrite B0 */
332 if (tty_termios_baud_rate(termios))
333 tty_termios_encode_baud_rate(termios, bps, bps);
336 static void ark3116_close(struct usb_serial_port *port)
338 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
341 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
343 /* deactivate interrupts */
344 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_IER, 0);
346 usb_serial_generic_close(port);
348 usb_kill_urb(port->interrupt_in_urb);
351 static int ark3116_open(struct tty_struct *tty, struct usb_serial_port *port)
353 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
354 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
358 buf = kmalloc(1, GFP_KERNEL);
362 result = usb_serial_generic_open(tty, port);
365 "%s - usb_serial_generic_open failed: %d\n",
370 /* remove any data still left: also clears error state */
371 ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_RX, buf);
373 /* read modem status */
374 result = ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_MSR, buf);
379 /* read line status */
380 result = ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_LSR, buf);
385 result = usb_submit_urb(port->interrupt_in_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
387 dev_err(&port->dev, "submit irq_in urb failed %d\n",
392 /* activate interrupts */
393 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_IER, UART_IER_MSI|UART_IER_RLSI);
396 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_FCR, UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT);
400 ark3116_set_termios(tty, port, NULL);
407 usb_serial_generic_close(port);
414 static int ark3116_ioctl(struct tty_struct *tty,
415 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
417 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
418 struct serial_struct serstruct;
419 void __user *user_arg = (void __user *)arg;
423 /* XXX: Some of these values are probably wrong. */
424 memset(&serstruct, 0, sizeof(serstruct));
425 serstruct.type = PORT_16654;
426 serstruct.line = port->minor;
427 serstruct.port = port->port_number;
428 serstruct.custom_divisor = 0;
429 serstruct.baud_base = 460800;
431 if (copy_to_user(user_arg, &serstruct, sizeof(serstruct)))
436 if (copy_from_user(&serstruct, user_arg, sizeof(serstruct)))
444 static int ark3116_tiocmget(struct tty_struct *tty)
446 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
447 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
452 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
454 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
456 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
458 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
460 return (status & UART_MSR_DSR ? TIOCM_DSR : 0) |
461 (status & UART_MSR_CTS ? TIOCM_CTS : 0) |
462 (status & UART_MSR_RI ? TIOCM_RI : 0) |
463 (status & UART_MSR_DCD ? TIOCM_CD : 0) |
464 (ctrl & UART_MCR_DTR ? TIOCM_DTR : 0) |
465 (ctrl & UART_MCR_RTS ? TIOCM_RTS : 0) |
466 (ctrl & UART_MCR_OUT1 ? TIOCM_OUT1 : 0) |
467 (ctrl & UART_MCR_OUT2 ? TIOCM_OUT2 : 0);
470 static int ark3116_tiocmset(struct tty_struct *tty,
471 unsigned set, unsigned clr)
473 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
474 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
476 /* we need to take the mutex here, to make sure that the value
477 * in priv->mcr is actually the one that is in the hardware
480 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
483 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_RTS;
485 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_DTR;
486 if (set & TIOCM_OUT1)
487 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_OUT1;
488 if (set & TIOCM_OUT2)
489 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_OUT2;
491 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_RTS;
493 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_DTR;
494 if (clr & TIOCM_OUT1)
495 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_OUT1;
496 if (clr & TIOCM_OUT2)
497 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_OUT2;
499 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_MCR, priv->mcr);
501 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
506 static void ark3116_break_ctl(struct tty_struct *tty, int break_state)
508 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
509 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
511 /* LCR is also used for other things: protect access */
512 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
515 priv->lcr |= UART_LCR_SBC;
517 priv->lcr &= ~UART_LCR_SBC;
519 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_LCR, priv->lcr);
521 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
524 static void ark3116_update_msr(struct usb_serial_port *port, __u8 msr)
526 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
529 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
531 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
533 if (msr & UART_MSR_ANY_DELTA) {
534 /* update input line counters */
535 if (msr & UART_MSR_DCTS)
537 if (msr & UART_MSR_DDSR)
539 if (msr & UART_MSR_DDCD)
541 if (msr & UART_MSR_TERI)
543 wake_up_interruptible(&port->port.delta_msr_wait);
547 static void ark3116_update_lsr(struct usb_serial_port *port, __u8 lsr)
549 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
552 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
555 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
557 if (lsr&UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS) {
558 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BI)
560 if (lsr & UART_LSR_FE)
561 port->icount.frame++;
562 if (lsr & UART_LSR_PE)
563 port->icount.parity++;
564 if (lsr & UART_LSR_OE)
565 port->icount.overrun++;
569 static void ark3116_read_int_callback(struct urb *urb)
571 struct usb_serial_port *port = urb->context;
572 int status = urb->status;
573 const __u8 *data = urb->transfer_buffer;
580 /* this urb is terminated, clean up */
581 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - urb shutting down with status: %d\n",
585 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - nonzero urb status received: %d\n",
588 case 0: /* success */
589 /* discovered this by trail and error... */
590 if ((urb->actual_length == 4) && (data[0] == 0xe8)) {
591 const __u8 id = data[1]&UART_IIR_ID;
592 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: iir=%02x\n", __func__, data[1]);
593 if (id == UART_IIR_MSI) {
594 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: msr=%02x\n",
596 ark3116_update_msr(port, data[3]);
598 } else if (id == UART_IIR_RLSI) {
599 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: lsr=%02x\n",
601 ark3116_update_lsr(port, data[2]);
606 * Not sure what this data meant...
608 usb_serial_debug_data(&port->dev, __func__,
610 urb->transfer_buffer);
614 result = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
616 dev_err(&port->dev, "failed to resubmit interrupt urb: %d\n",
621 /* Data comes in via the bulk (data) URB, errors/interrupts via the int URB.
622 * This means that we cannot be sure which data byte has an associated error
623 * condition, so we report an error for all data in the next bulk read.
625 * Actually, there might even be a window between the bulk data leaving the
626 * ark and reading/resetting the lsr in the read_bulk_callback where an
627 * interrupt for the next data block could come in.
628 * Without somekind of ordering on the ark, we would have to report the
629 * error for the next block of data as well...
630 * For now, let's pretend this can't happen.
632 static void ark3116_process_read_urb(struct urb *urb)
634 struct usb_serial_port *port = urb->context;
635 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
636 unsigned char *data = urb->transfer_buffer;
637 char tty_flag = TTY_NORMAL;
641 /* update line status */
642 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
644 priv->lsr &= ~UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS;
645 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
647 if (!urb->actual_length)
650 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS) {
651 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BI)
652 tty_flag = TTY_BREAK;
653 else if (lsr & UART_LSR_PE)
654 tty_flag = TTY_PARITY;
655 else if (lsr & UART_LSR_FE)
656 tty_flag = TTY_FRAME;
658 /* overrun is special, not associated with a char */
659 if (lsr & UART_LSR_OE)
660 tty_insert_flip_char(&port->port, 0, TTY_OVERRUN);
662 tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag(&port->port, data, tty_flag,
664 tty_flip_buffer_push(&port->port);
667 static struct usb_serial_driver ark3116_device = {
669 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
672 .id_table = id_table,
674 .attach = ark3116_attach,
675 .port_probe = ark3116_port_probe,
676 .port_remove = ark3116_port_remove,
677 .set_termios = ark3116_set_termios,
678 .init_termios = ark3116_init_termios,
679 .ioctl = ark3116_ioctl,
680 .tiocmget = ark3116_tiocmget,
681 .tiocmset = ark3116_tiocmset,
682 .tiocmiwait = usb_serial_generic_tiocmiwait,
683 .get_icount = usb_serial_generic_get_icount,
684 .open = ark3116_open,
685 .close = ark3116_close,
686 .break_ctl = ark3116_break_ctl,
687 .read_int_callback = ark3116_read_int_callback,
688 .process_read_urb = ark3116_process_read_urb,
691 static struct usb_serial_driver * const serial_drivers[] = {
692 &ark3116_device, NULL
695 module_usb_serial_driver(serial_drivers, id_table);
697 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
699 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
700 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
703 * The following describes what I learned from studying the old
704 * ark3116.c driver, disassembling the windows driver, and some lucky
705 * guesses. Since I do not have any datasheet or other
706 * documentation, inaccuracies are almost guaranteed.
708 * Some specs for the ARK3116 can be found here:
709 * http://web.archive.org/web/20060318000438/
710 * www.arkmicro.com/en/products/view.php?id=10
711 * On that page, 2 GPIO pins are mentioned: I assume these are the
712 * OUT1 and OUT2 pins of the UART, so I added support for those
713 * through the MCR. Since the pins are not available on my hardware,
714 * I could not verify this.
715 * Also, it states there is "on-chip hardware flow control". I have
716 * discovered how to enable that. Unfortunately, I do not know how to
717 * enable XON/XOFF (software) flow control, which would need support
718 * from the chip as well to work. Because of the wording on the web
719 * page there is a real possibility the chip simply does not support
720 * software flow control.
722 * I got my ark3116 as part of a mobile phone adapter cable. On the
723 * PCB, the following numbered contacts are present:
736 * On my chip, all signals seem to be 3.3V, but 5V tolerant. But that
737 * may be different for the one you have ;-).
739 * The windows driver limits the registers to 0-F, so I assume there
740 * are actually 16 present on the device.
742 * On an UART interrupt, 4 bytes of data come in on the interrupt
743 * endpoint. The bytes are 0xe8 IIR LSR MSR.
745 * The baudrate seems to be generated from the 12MHz crystal, using
746 * 4-times subsampling. So quot=12e6/(4*baud). Also see description
750 * These seem to be the same as for a regular 16450. The FCR is set
751 * to UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT (0x8), I guess to enable transfers between
752 * the UART and the USB bridge/DMA engine.
755 * By trial and error, I found out that bit 0 enables hardware CTS,
756 * stopping TX when CTS is +5V. Bit 1 does the same for RTS, making
757 * RTS +5V when the 3116 cannot transfer the data to the USB bus
758 * (verified by disabling the reading URB). Note that as far as I can
759 * tell, the windows driver does NOT use this, so there might be some
760 * hardware bug or something.
762 * According to a patch provided here
763 * (http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/7/26/56), the ARK3116 can also be used
764 * as an IrDA dongle. Since I do not have such a thing, I could not
765 * investigate that aspect. However, I can speculate ;-).
767 * - IrDA encodes data differently than RS232. Most likely, one of
768 * the bits in registers 9..E enables the IR ENDEC (encoder/decoder).
769 * - Depending on the IR transceiver, the input and output need to be
770 * inverted, so there are probably bits for that as well.
771 * - IrDA is half-duplex, so there should be a bit for selecting that.
773 * This still leaves at least two registers unaccounted for. Perhaps
774 * The chip can do XON/XOFF or CRC in HW?
777 * Set to 0x00 for IrDA, when the baudrate is initialised.
780 * Set to 0x01 for IrDA, at init.
783 * Set to 0x01 for IrDA, 0x00 for RS232, at init.
786 * Set to 00 for IrDA, at init.
789 * Set to 0x41 for IrDA, at init.
792 * Somekind of baudrate override. The windows driver seems to set
793 * this to 0x00 for normal baudrates, 0x01 for 460800, 0x02 for 921600.
794 * Since 460800 and 921600 cannot be obtained by dividing 3MHz by an integer,
795 * it could be somekind of subdivisor thingy.
796 * However,it does not seem to do anything: selecting 921600 (divisor 3,
797 * reg E=2), still gets 1 MHz. I also checked if registers 9, C or F would
798 * work, but they don't.
800 * Register F: unknown