1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
6 * Simon Schulz (ark3116_driver <at> auctionant.de)
9 * - implements a driver for the arkmicro ark3116 chipset (vendor=0x6547,
10 * productid=0x0232) (used in a datacable called KQ-U8A)
12 * Supports full modem status lines, break, hardware flow control. Does not
13 * support software flow control, since I do not know how to enable it in hw.
15 * This driver is a essentially new implementation. I initially dug
16 * into the old ark3116.c driver and suddenly realized the ark3116 is
17 * a 16450 with a USB interface glued to it. See comments at the
18 * bottom of this file.
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
23 #include <linux/tty.h>
24 #include <linux/slab.h>
25 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
26 #include <linux/module.h>
27 #include <linux/usb.h>
28 #include <linux/usb/serial.h>
29 #include <linux/serial.h>
30 #include <linux/serial_reg.h>
31 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
32 #include <linux/mutex.h>
33 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
36 #define DRIVER_DESC "USB ARK3116 serial/IrDA driver"
37 #define DRIVER_DEV_DESC "ARK3116 RS232/IrDA"
38 #define DRIVER_NAME "ark3116"
40 /* usb timeout of 1 second */
41 #define ARK_TIMEOUT 1000
43 static const struct usb_device_id id_table[] = {
44 { USB_DEVICE(0x6547, 0x0232) },
45 { USB_DEVICE(0x18ec, 0x3118) }, /* USB to IrDA adapter */
48 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, id_table);
50 static int is_irda(struct usb_serial *serial)
52 struct usb_device *dev = serial->dev;
53 if (le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor) == 0x18ec &&
54 le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct) == 0x3118)
59 struct ark3116_private {
60 int irda; /* 1 for irda device */
62 /* protects hw register updates */
65 int quot; /* baudrate divisor */
66 __u32 lcr; /* line control register value */
67 __u32 hcr; /* handshake control register (0x8)
69 __u32 mcr; /* modem control register value */
71 /* protects the status values below */
72 spinlock_t status_lock;
73 __u32 msr; /* modem status register value */
74 __u32 lsr; /* line status register value */
77 static int ark3116_write_reg(struct usb_serial *serial,
78 unsigned reg, __u8 val)
81 /* 0xfe 0x40 are magic values taken from original driver */
82 result = usb_control_msg(serial->dev,
83 usb_sndctrlpipe(serial->dev, 0),
85 NULL, 0, ARK_TIMEOUT);
92 static int ark3116_read_reg(struct usb_serial *serial,
93 unsigned reg, unsigned char *buf)
96 /* 0xfe 0xc0 are magic values taken from original driver */
97 result = usb_control_msg(serial->dev,
98 usb_rcvctrlpipe(serial->dev, 0),
100 buf, 1, ARK_TIMEOUT);
102 dev_err(&serial->interface->dev,
103 "failed to read register %u: %d\n",
114 static inline int calc_divisor(int bps)
116 /* Original ark3116 made some exceptions in rounding here
117 * because windows did the same. Assume that is not really
119 * Crystal is 12MHz, probably because of USB, but we divide by 4?
121 return (12000000 + 2*bps) / (4*bps);
124 static int ark3116_port_probe(struct usb_serial_port *port)
126 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
127 struct ark3116_private *priv;
129 priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
133 mutex_init(&priv->hw_lock);
134 spin_lock_init(&priv->status_lock);
136 priv->irda = is_irda(serial);
138 usb_set_serial_port_data(port, priv);
140 /* setup the hardware */
141 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_IER, 0);
143 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
144 /* handshake control */
146 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x8 , 0);
149 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_MCR, 0);
152 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xb , 0);
154 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xb , 1);
155 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xc , 0);
156 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xd , 0x41);
157 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xa , 1);
161 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, UART_LCR_DLAB);
163 /* setup for 9600 8N1 */
164 priv->quot = calc_divisor(9600);
165 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLL, priv->quot & 0xff);
166 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLM, (priv->quot>>8) & 0xff);
168 priv->lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN8;
169 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, UART_LCR_WLEN8);
171 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xe, 0);
174 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x9, 0);
176 dev_info(&port->dev, "using %s mode\n", priv->irda ? "IrDA" : "RS232");
181 static void ark3116_port_remove(struct usb_serial_port *port)
183 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
185 /* device is closed, so URBs and DMA should be down */
186 mutex_destroy(&priv->hw_lock);
190 static void ark3116_set_termios(struct tty_struct *tty,
191 struct usb_serial_port *port,
192 struct ktermios *old_termios)
194 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
195 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
196 struct ktermios *termios = &tty->termios;
197 unsigned int cflag = termios->c_cflag;
198 int bps = tty_get_baud_rate(tty);
202 /* set data bit count */
203 switch (cflag & CSIZE) {
205 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN5;
208 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN6;
211 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN7;
215 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN8;
219 lcr |= UART_LCR_STOP;
221 lcr |= UART_LCR_PARITY;
222 if (!(cflag & PARODD))
223 lcr |= UART_LCR_EPAR;
226 lcr |= UART_LCR_SPAR;
228 /* handshake control */
229 hcr = (cflag & CRTSCTS) ? 0x03 : 0x00;
232 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - setting bps to %d\n", __func__, bps);
236 quot = calc_divisor(9600);
239 if ((bps < 75) || (bps > 3000000))
241 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
245 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
249 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
253 /* Update state: synchronize */
254 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
256 /* keep old LCR_SBC bit */
257 lcr |= (priv->lcr & UART_LCR_SBC);
259 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - setting hcr:0x%02x,lcr:0x%02x,quot:%d\n",
260 __func__, hcr, lcr, quot);
262 /* handshake control */
263 if (priv->hcr != hcr) {
265 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x8, hcr);
269 if (priv->quot != quot) {
271 priv->lcr = lcr; /* need to write lcr anyway */
273 /* disable DMA since transmit/receive is
274 * shadowed by UART_DLL
276 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
278 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR,
280 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLL, quot & 0xff);
281 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLM, (quot>>8) & 0xff);
284 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, lcr);
285 /* magic baudrate thingy: not sure what it does,
286 * but windows does this as well.
288 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xe, eval);
291 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT);
292 } else if (priv->lcr != lcr) {
294 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, lcr);
297 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
299 /* check for software flow control */
300 if (I_IXOFF(tty) || I_IXON(tty)) {
302 "software flow control not implemented\n");
305 /* Don't rewrite B0 */
306 if (tty_termios_baud_rate(termios))
307 tty_termios_encode_baud_rate(termios, bps, bps);
310 static void ark3116_close(struct usb_serial_port *port)
312 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
315 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
317 /* deactivate interrupts */
318 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_IER, 0);
320 usb_serial_generic_close(port);
322 usb_kill_urb(port->interrupt_in_urb);
325 static int ark3116_open(struct tty_struct *tty, struct usb_serial_port *port)
327 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
328 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
332 buf = kmalloc(1, GFP_KERNEL);
336 result = usb_serial_generic_open(tty, port);
339 "%s - usb_serial_generic_open failed: %d\n",
344 /* remove any data still left: also clears error state */
345 ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_RX, buf);
347 /* read modem status */
348 result = ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_MSR, buf);
353 /* read line status */
354 result = ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_LSR, buf);
359 result = usb_submit_urb(port->interrupt_in_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
361 dev_err(&port->dev, "submit irq_in urb failed %d\n",
366 /* activate interrupts */
367 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_IER, UART_IER_MSI|UART_IER_RLSI);
370 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_FCR, UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT);
374 ark3116_set_termios(tty, port, NULL);
381 usb_serial_generic_close(port);
388 static int ark3116_tiocmget(struct tty_struct *tty)
390 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
391 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
396 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
398 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
400 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
402 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
404 return (status & UART_MSR_DSR ? TIOCM_DSR : 0) |
405 (status & UART_MSR_CTS ? TIOCM_CTS : 0) |
406 (status & UART_MSR_RI ? TIOCM_RI : 0) |
407 (status & UART_MSR_DCD ? TIOCM_CD : 0) |
408 (ctrl & UART_MCR_DTR ? TIOCM_DTR : 0) |
409 (ctrl & UART_MCR_RTS ? TIOCM_RTS : 0) |
410 (ctrl & UART_MCR_OUT1 ? TIOCM_OUT1 : 0) |
411 (ctrl & UART_MCR_OUT2 ? TIOCM_OUT2 : 0);
414 static int ark3116_tiocmset(struct tty_struct *tty,
415 unsigned set, unsigned clr)
417 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
418 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
420 /* we need to take the mutex here, to make sure that the value
421 * in priv->mcr is actually the one that is in the hardware
424 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
427 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_RTS;
429 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_DTR;
430 if (set & TIOCM_OUT1)
431 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_OUT1;
432 if (set & TIOCM_OUT2)
433 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_OUT2;
435 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_RTS;
437 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_DTR;
438 if (clr & TIOCM_OUT1)
439 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_OUT1;
440 if (clr & TIOCM_OUT2)
441 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_OUT2;
443 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_MCR, priv->mcr);
445 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
450 static void ark3116_break_ctl(struct tty_struct *tty, int break_state)
452 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
453 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
455 /* LCR is also used for other things: protect access */
456 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
459 priv->lcr |= UART_LCR_SBC;
461 priv->lcr &= ~UART_LCR_SBC;
463 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_LCR, priv->lcr);
465 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
468 static void ark3116_update_msr(struct usb_serial_port *port, __u8 msr)
470 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
473 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
475 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
477 if (msr & UART_MSR_ANY_DELTA) {
478 /* update input line counters */
479 if (msr & UART_MSR_DCTS)
481 if (msr & UART_MSR_DDSR)
483 if (msr & UART_MSR_DDCD)
485 if (msr & UART_MSR_TERI)
487 wake_up_interruptible(&port->port.delta_msr_wait);
491 static void ark3116_update_lsr(struct usb_serial_port *port, __u8 lsr)
493 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
496 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
499 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
501 if (lsr&UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS) {
502 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BI)
504 if (lsr & UART_LSR_FE)
505 port->icount.frame++;
506 if (lsr & UART_LSR_PE)
507 port->icount.parity++;
508 if (lsr & UART_LSR_OE)
509 port->icount.overrun++;
513 static void ark3116_read_int_callback(struct urb *urb)
515 struct usb_serial_port *port = urb->context;
516 int status = urb->status;
517 const __u8 *data = urb->transfer_buffer;
524 /* this urb is terminated, clean up */
525 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - urb shutting down with status: %d\n",
529 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - nonzero urb status received: %d\n",
532 case 0: /* success */
533 /* discovered this by trail and error... */
534 if ((urb->actual_length == 4) && (data[0] == 0xe8)) {
535 const __u8 id = data[1]&UART_IIR_ID;
536 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: iir=%02x\n", __func__, data[1]);
537 if (id == UART_IIR_MSI) {
538 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: msr=%02x\n",
540 ark3116_update_msr(port, data[3]);
542 } else if (id == UART_IIR_RLSI) {
543 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: lsr=%02x\n",
545 ark3116_update_lsr(port, data[2]);
550 * Not sure what this data meant...
552 usb_serial_debug_data(&port->dev, __func__,
554 urb->transfer_buffer);
558 result = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
560 dev_err(&port->dev, "failed to resubmit interrupt urb: %d\n",
565 /* Data comes in via the bulk (data) URB, errors/interrupts via the int URB.
566 * This means that we cannot be sure which data byte has an associated error
567 * condition, so we report an error for all data in the next bulk read.
569 * Actually, there might even be a window between the bulk data leaving the
570 * ark and reading/resetting the lsr in the read_bulk_callback where an
571 * interrupt for the next data block could come in.
572 * Without somekind of ordering on the ark, we would have to report the
573 * error for the next block of data as well...
574 * For now, let's pretend this can't happen.
576 static void ark3116_process_read_urb(struct urb *urb)
578 struct usb_serial_port *port = urb->context;
579 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
580 unsigned char *data = urb->transfer_buffer;
581 char tty_flag = TTY_NORMAL;
585 /* update line status */
586 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
588 priv->lsr &= ~UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS;
589 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
591 if (!urb->actual_length)
594 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS) {
595 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BI)
596 tty_flag = TTY_BREAK;
597 else if (lsr & UART_LSR_PE)
598 tty_flag = TTY_PARITY;
599 else if (lsr & UART_LSR_FE)
600 tty_flag = TTY_FRAME;
602 /* overrun is special, not associated with a char */
603 if (lsr & UART_LSR_OE)
604 tty_insert_flip_char(&port->port, 0, TTY_OVERRUN);
606 tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag(&port->port, data, tty_flag,
608 tty_flip_buffer_push(&port->port);
611 static struct usb_serial_driver ark3116_device = {
613 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
616 .id_table = id_table,
620 .num_interrupt_in = 1,
621 .port_probe = ark3116_port_probe,
622 .port_remove = ark3116_port_remove,
623 .set_termios = ark3116_set_termios,
624 .tiocmget = ark3116_tiocmget,
625 .tiocmset = ark3116_tiocmset,
626 .tiocmiwait = usb_serial_generic_tiocmiwait,
627 .get_icount = usb_serial_generic_get_icount,
628 .open = ark3116_open,
629 .close = ark3116_close,
630 .break_ctl = ark3116_break_ctl,
631 .read_int_callback = ark3116_read_int_callback,
632 .process_read_urb = ark3116_process_read_urb,
635 static struct usb_serial_driver * const serial_drivers[] = {
636 &ark3116_device, NULL
639 module_usb_serial_driver(serial_drivers, id_table);
641 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
643 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
644 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
647 * The following describes what I learned from studying the old
648 * ark3116.c driver, disassembling the windows driver, and some lucky
649 * guesses. Since I do not have any datasheet or other
650 * documentation, inaccuracies are almost guaranteed.
652 * Some specs for the ARK3116 can be found here:
653 * http://web.archive.org/web/20060318000438/
654 * www.arkmicro.com/en/products/view.php?id=10
655 * On that page, 2 GPIO pins are mentioned: I assume these are the
656 * OUT1 and OUT2 pins of the UART, so I added support for those
657 * through the MCR. Since the pins are not available on my hardware,
658 * I could not verify this.
659 * Also, it states there is "on-chip hardware flow control". I have
660 * discovered how to enable that. Unfortunately, I do not know how to
661 * enable XON/XOFF (software) flow control, which would need support
662 * from the chip as well to work. Because of the wording on the web
663 * page there is a real possibility the chip simply does not support
664 * software flow control.
666 * I got my ark3116 as part of a mobile phone adapter cable. On the
667 * PCB, the following numbered contacts are present:
680 * On my chip, all signals seem to be 3.3V, but 5V tolerant. But that
681 * may be different for the one you have ;-).
683 * The windows driver limits the registers to 0-F, so I assume there
684 * are actually 16 present on the device.
686 * On an UART interrupt, 4 bytes of data come in on the interrupt
687 * endpoint. The bytes are 0xe8 IIR LSR MSR.
689 * The baudrate seems to be generated from the 12MHz crystal, using
690 * 4-times subsampling. So quot=12e6/(4*baud). Also see description
694 * These seem to be the same as for a regular 16450. The FCR is set
695 * to UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT (0x8), I guess to enable transfers between
696 * the UART and the USB bridge/DMA engine.
699 * By trial and error, I found out that bit 0 enables hardware CTS,
700 * stopping TX when CTS is +5V. Bit 1 does the same for RTS, making
701 * RTS +5V when the 3116 cannot transfer the data to the USB bus
702 * (verified by disabling the reading URB). Note that as far as I can
703 * tell, the windows driver does NOT use this, so there might be some
704 * hardware bug or something.
706 * According to a patch provided here
708 * the ARK3116 can also be used as an IrDA dongle. Since I do not have
709 * such a thing, I could not investigate that aspect. However, I can
712 * - IrDA encodes data differently than RS232. Most likely, one of
713 * the bits in registers 9..E enables the IR ENDEC (encoder/decoder).
714 * - Depending on the IR transceiver, the input and output need to be
715 * inverted, so there are probably bits for that as well.
716 * - IrDA is half-duplex, so there should be a bit for selecting that.
718 * This still leaves at least two registers unaccounted for. Perhaps
719 * The chip can do XON/XOFF or CRC in HW?
722 * Set to 0x00 for IrDA, when the baudrate is initialised.
725 * Set to 0x01 for IrDA, at init.
728 * Set to 0x01 for IrDA, 0x00 for RS232, at init.
731 * Set to 00 for IrDA, at init.
734 * Set to 0x41 for IrDA, at init.
737 * Somekind of baudrate override. The windows driver seems to set
738 * this to 0x00 for normal baudrates, 0x01 for 460800, 0x02 for 921600.
739 * Since 460800 and 921600 cannot be obtained by dividing 3MHz by an integer,
740 * it could be somekind of subdivisor thingy.
741 * However,it does not seem to do anything: selecting 921600 (divisor 3,
742 * reg E=2), still gets 1 MHz. I also checked if registers 9, C or F would
743 * work, but they don't.
745 * Register F: unknown