1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
3 raid0.c : Multiple Devices driver for Linux
4 Copyright (C) 1994-96 Marc ZYNGIER
7 Copyright (C) 1999, 2000 Ingo Molnar, Red Hat
9 RAID-0 management functions.
13 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
14 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <trace/events/block.h>
22 static int default_layout = 0;
23 module_param(default_layout, int, 0644);
25 #define UNSUPPORTED_MDDEV_FLAGS \
26 ((1L << MD_HAS_JOURNAL) | \
27 (1L << MD_JOURNAL_CLEAN) | \
28 (1L << MD_FAILFAST_SUPPORTED) |\
29 (1L << MD_HAS_PPL) | \
30 (1L << MD_HAS_MULTIPLE_PPLS))
33 * inform the user of the raid configuration
35 static void dump_zones(struct mddev *mddev)
38 sector_t zone_size = 0;
39 sector_t zone_start = 0;
40 struct r0conf *conf = mddev->private;
41 int raid_disks = conf->strip_zone[0].nb_dev;
42 pr_debug("md: RAID0 configuration for %s - %d zone%s\n",
44 conf->nr_strip_zones, conf->nr_strip_zones==1?"":"s");
45 for (j = 0; j < conf->nr_strip_zones; j++) {
49 for (k = 0; k < conf->strip_zone[j].nb_dev; k++)
50 len += scnprintf(line+len, 200-len, "%s%pg", k?"/":"",
51 conf->devlist[j * raid_disks + k]->bdev);
52 pr_debug("md: zone%d=[%s]\n", j, line);
54 zone_size = conf->strip_zone[j].zone_end - zone_start;
55 pr_debug(" zone-offset=%10lluKB, device-offset=%10lluKB, size=%10lluKB\n",
56 (unsigned long long)zone_start>>1,
57 (unsigned long long)conf->strip_zone[j].dev_start>>1,
58 (unsigned long long)zone_size>>1);
59 zone_start = conf->strip_zone[j].zone_end;
63 static int create_strip_zones(struct mddev *mddev, struct r0conf **private_conf)
66 sector_t curr_zone_end, sectors;
67 struct md_rdev *smallest, *rdev1, *rdev2, *rdev, **dev;
68 struct strip_zone *zone;
70 struct r0conf *conf = kzalloc(sizeof(*conf), GFP_KERNEL);
71 unsigned blksize = 512;
73 *private_conf = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
76 rdev_for_each(rdev1, mddev) {
77 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: looking at %pg\n",
82 /* round size to chunk_size */
83 sectors = rdev1->sectors;
84 sector_div(sectors, mddev->chunk_sectors);
85 rdev1->sectors = sectors * mddev->chunk_sectors;
87 blksize = max(blksize, queue_logical_block_size(
88 rdev1->bdev->bd_disk->queue));
90 rdev_for_each(rdev2, mddev) {
91 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: comparing %pg(%llu)"
95 (unsigned long long)rdev1->sectors,
97 (unsigned long long)rdev2->sectors);
99 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: END\n",
103 if (rdev2->sectors == rdev1->sectors) {
105 * Not unique, don't count it as a new
108 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: EQUAL\n",
113 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: NOT EQUAL\n",
117 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: ==> UNIQUE\n",
119 conf->nr_strip_zones++;
120 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: %d zones\n",
121 mdname(mddev), conf->nr_strip_zones);
124 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: FINAL %d zones\n",
125 mdname(mddev), conf->nr_strip_zones);
128 * now since we have the hard sector sizes, we can make sure
129 * chunk size is a multiple of that sector size
131 if ((mddev->chunk_sectors << 9) % blksize) {
132 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: chunk_size of %d not multiple of block size %d\n",
134 mddev->chunk_sectors << 9, blksize);
140 conf->strip_zone = kcalloc(conf->nr_strip_zones,
141 sizeof(struct strip_zone),
143 if (!conf->strip_zone)
145 conf->devlist = kzalloc(array3_size(sizeof(struct md_rdev *),
146 conf->nr_strip_zones,
152 /* The first zone must contain all devices, so here we check that
153 * there is a proper alignment of slots to devices and find them all
155 zone = &conf->strip_zone[0];
160 rdev_for_each(rdev1, mddev) {
161 int j = rdev1->raid_disk;
163 if (mddev->level == 10) {
164 /* taking over a raid10-n2 array */
166 rdev1->new_raid_disk = j;
169 if (mddev->level == 1) {
170 /* taiking over a raid1 array-
171 * we have only one active disk
174 rdev1->new_raid_disk = j;
178 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: remove inactive devices before converting to RAID0\n",
182 if (j >= mddev->raid_disks) {
183 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: bad disk number %d - aborting!\n",
188 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: multiple devices for %d - aborting!\n",
194 if (!smallest || (rdev1->sectors < smallest->sectors))
198 if (cnt != mddev->raid_disks) {
199 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: too few disks (%d of %d) - aborting!\n",
200 mdname(mddev), cnt, mddev->raid_disks);
204 zone->zone_end = smallest->sectors * cnt;
206 curr_zone_end = zone->zone_end;
208 /* now do the other zones */
209 for (i = 1; i < conf->nr_strip_zones; i++)
213 zone = conf->strip_zone + i;
214 dev = conf->devlist + i * mddev->raid_disks;
216 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: zone %d\n", mdname(mddev), i);
217 zone->dev_start = smallest->sectors;
221 for (j=0; j<cnt; j++) {
222 rdev = conf->devlist[j];
223 if (rdev->sectors <= zone->dev_start) {
224 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: checking %pg ... nope\n",
229 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: checking %pg ..."
230 " contained as device %d\n",
235 if (!smallest || rdev->sectors < smallest->sectors) {
237 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: (%llu) is smallest!.\n",
239 (unsigned long long)rdev->sectors);
244 sectors = (smallest->sectors - zone->dev_start) * c;
245 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: zone->nb_dev: %d, sectors: %llu\n",
247 zone->nb_dev, (unsigned long long)sectors);
249 curr_zone_end += sectors;
250 zone->zone_end = curr_zone_end;
252 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: current zone start: %llu\n",
254 (unsigned long long)smallest->sectors);
257 if (conf->nr_strip_zones == 1 || conf->strip_zone[1].nb_dev == 1) {
258 conf->layout = RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT;
259 } else if (mddev->layout == RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT ||
260 mddev->layout == RAID0_ALT_MULTIZONE_LAYOUT) {
261 conf->layout = mddev->layout;
262 } else if (default_layout == RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT ||
263 default_layout == RAID0_ALT_MULTIZONE_LAYOUT) {
264 conf->layout = default_layout;
266 pr_err("md/raid0:%s: cannot assemble multi-zone RAID0 with default_layout setting\n",
268 pr_err("md/raid0: please set raid0.default_layout to 1 or 2\n");
273 if (conf->layout == RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT) {
274 for (i = 1; i < conf->nr_strip_zones; i++) {
275 sector_t first_sector = conf->strip_zone[i-1].zone_end;
277 sector_div(first_sector, mddev->chunk_sectors);
278 zone = conf->strip_zone + i;
279 /* disk_shift is first disk index used in the zone */
280 zone->disk_shift = sector_div(first_sector,
285 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: done.\n", mdname(mddev));
286 *private_conf = conf;
290 kfree(conf->strip_zone);
291 kfree(conf->devlist);
293 *private_conf = ERR_PTR(err);
297 /* Find the zone which holds a particular offset
298 * Update *sectorp to be an offset in that zone
300 static struct strip_zone *find_zone(struct r0conf *conf,
304 struct strip_zone *z = conf->strip_zone;
305 sector_t sector = *sectorp;
307 for (i = 0; i < conf->nr_strip_zones; i++)
308 if (sector < z[i].zone_end) {
310 *sectorp = sector - z[i-1].zone_end;
317 * remaps the bio to the target device. we separate two flows.
318 * power 2 flow and a general flow for the sake of performance
320 static struct md_rdev *map_sector(struct mddev *mddev, struct strip_zone *zone,
321 sector_t sector, sector_t *sector_offset)
323 unsigned int sect_in_chunk;
325 struct r0conf *conf = mddev->private;
326 int raid_disks = conf->strip_zone[0].nb_dev;
327 unsigned int chunk_sects = mddev->chunk_sectors;
329 if (is_power_of_2(chunk_sects)) {
330 int chunksect_bits = ffz(~chunk_sects);
331 /* find the sector offset inside the chunk */
332 sect_in_chunk = sector & (chunk_sects - 1);
333 sector >>= chunksect_bits;
335 chunk = *sector_offset;
336 /* quotient is the chunk in real device*/
337 sector_div(chunk, zone->nb_dev << chunksect_bits);
339 sect_in_chunk = sector_div(sector, chunk_sects);
340 chunk = *sector_offset;
341 sector_div(chunk, chunk_sects * zone->nb_dev);
344 * position the bio over the real device
345 * real sector = chunk in device + starting of zone
346 * + the position in the chunk
348 *sector_offset = (chunk * chunk_sects) + sect_in_chunk;
349 return conf->devlist[(zone - conf->strip_zone)*raid_disks
350 + sector_div(sector, zone->nb_dev)];
353 static sector_t raid0_size(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sectors, int raid_disks)
355 sector_t array_sectors = 0;
356 struct md_rdev *rdev;
358 WARN_ONCE(sectors || raid_disks,
359 "%s does not support generic reshape\n", __func__);
361 rdev_for_each(rdev, mddev)
362 array_sectors += (rdev->sectors &
363 ~(sector_t)(mddev->chunk_sectors-1));
365 return array_sectors;
368 static void free_conf(struct mddev *mddev, struct r0conf *conf)
370 kfree(conf->strip_zone);
371 kfree(conf->devlist);
375 static void raid0_free(struct mddev *mddev, void *priv)
377 struct r0conf *conf = priv;
379 free_conf(mddev, conf);
382 static int raid0_run(struct mddev *mddev)
387 if (mddev->chunk_sectors == 0) {
388 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: chunk size must be set.\n", mdname(mddev));
391 if (md_check_no_bitmap(mddev))
394 /* if private is not null, we are here after takeover */
395 if (mddev->private == NULL) {
396 ret = create_strip_zones(mddev, &conf);
399 mddev->private = conf;
401 conf = mddev->private;
403 struct md_rdev *rdev;
405 blk_queue_max_hw_sectors(mddev->queue, mddev->chunk_sectors);
406 blk_queue_max_write_zeroes_sectors(mddev->queue, mddev->chunk_sectors);
408 blk_queue_io_min(mddev->queue, mddev->chunk_sectors << 9);
409 blk_queue_io_opt(mddev->queue,
410 (mddev->chunk_sectors << 9) * mddev->raid_disks);
412 rdev_for_each(rdev, mddev) {
413 disk_stack_limits(mddev->gendisk, rdev->bdev,
414 rdev->data_offset << 9);
418 /* calculate array device size */
419 md_set_array_sectors(mddev, raid0_size(mddev, 0, 0));
421 pr_debug("md/raid0:%s: md_size is %llu sectors.\n",
423 (unsigned long long)mddev->array_sectors);
427 ret = md_integrity_register(mddev);
429 free_conf(mddev, conf);
435 * Convert disk_index to the disk order in which it is read/written.
436 * For example, if we have 4 disks, they are numbered 0,1,2,3. If we
437 * write the disks starting at disk 3, then the read/write order would
438 * be disk 3, then 0, then 1, and then disk 2 and we want map_disk_shift()
439 * to map the disks as follows 0,1,2,3 => 1,2,3,0. So disk 0 would map
440 * to 1, 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 3 to 0. That way we can compare disks in
441 * that 'output' space to understand the read/write disk ordering.
443 static int map_disk_shift(int disk_index, int num_disks, int disk_shift)
445 return ((disk_index + num_disks - disk_shift) % num_disks);
448 static void raid0_handle_discard(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
450 struct r0conf *conf = mddev->private;
451 struct strip_zone *zone;
452 sector_t start = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
454 unsigned int stripe_size;
455 sector_t first_stripe_index, last_stripe_index;
456 sector_t start_disk_offset;
457 unsigned int start_disk_index;
458 sector_t end_disk_offset;
459 unsigned int end_disk_index;
461 sector_t orig_start, orig_end;
464 zone = find_zone(conf, &start);
466 if (bio_end_sector(bio) > zone->zone_end) {
467 struct bio *split = bio_split(bio,
468 zone->zone_end - bio->bi_iter.bi_sector, GFP_NOIO,
470 bio_chain(split, bio);
471 submit_bio_noacct(bio);
473 end = zone->zone_end;
475 end = bio_end_sector(bio);
478 if (zone != conf->strip_zone)
479 end = end - zone[-1].zone_end;
481 /* Now start and end is the offset in zone */
482 stripe_size = zone->nb_dev * mddev->chunk_sectors;
484 first_stripe_index = start;
485 sector_div(first_stripe_index, stripe_size);
486 last_stripe_index = end;
487 sector_div(last_stripe_index, stripe_size);
489 /* In the first zone the original and alternate layouts are the same */
490 if ((conf->layout == RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT) && (zone != conf->strip_zone)) {
491 sector_div(orig_start, mddev->chunk_sectors);
492 start_disk_index = sector_div(orig_start, zone->nb_dev);
493 start_disk_index = map_disk_shift(start_disk_index,
496 sector_div(orig_end, mddev->chunk_sectors);
497 end_disk_index = sector_div(orig_end, zone->nb_dev);
498 end_disk_index = map_disk_shift(end_disk_index,
499 zone->nb_dev, zone->disk_shift);
501 start_disk_index = (int)(start - first_stripe_index * stripe_size) /
502 mddev->chunk_sectors;
503 end_disk_index = (int)(end - last_stripe_index * stripe_size) /
504 mddev->chunk_sectors;
506 start_disk_offset = ((int)(start - first_stripe_index * stripe_size) %
507 mddev->chunk_sectors) +
508 first_stripe_index * mddev->chunk_sectors;
509 end_disk_offset = ((int)(end - last_stripe_index * stripe_size) %
510 mddev->chunk_sectors) +
511 last_stripe_index * mddev->chunk_sectors;
513 for (disk = 0; disk < zone->nb_dev; disk++) {
514 sector_t dev_start, dev_end;
515 struct md_rdev *rdev;
518 compare_disk = map_disk_shift(disk, zone->nb_dev,
521 if (compare_disk < start_disk_index)
522 dev_start = (first_stripe_index + 1) *
523 mddev->chunk_sectors;
524 else if (compare_disk > start_disk_index)
525 dev_start = first_stripe_index * mddev->chunk_sectors;
527 dev_start = start_disk_offset;
529 if (compare_disk < end_disk_index)
530 dev_end = (last_stripe_index + 1) * mddev->chunk_sectors;
531 else if (compare_disk > end_disk_index)
532 dev_end = last_stripe_index * mddev->chunk_sectors;
534 dev_end = end_disk_offset;
536 if (dev_end <= dev_start)
539 rdev = conf->devlist[(zone - conf->strip_zone) *
540 conf->strip_zone[0].nb_dev + disk];
541 md_submit_discard_bio(mddev, rdev, bio,
542 dev_start + zone->dev_start + rdev->data_offset,
543 dev_end - dev_start);
548 static void raid0_map_submit_bio(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
550 struct r0conf *conf = mddev->private;
551 struct strip_zone *zone;
552 struct md_rdev *tmp_dev;
553 sector_t bio_sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
554 sector_t sector = bio_sector;
556 md_account_bio(mddev, &bio);
558 zone = find_zone(mddev->private, §or);
559 switch (conf->layout) {
560 case RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT:
561 tmp_dev = map_sector(mddev, zone, bio_sector, §or);
563 case RAID0_ALT_MULTIZONE_LAYOUT:
564 tmp_dev = map_sector(mddev, zone, sector, §or);
567 WARN(1, "md/raid0:%s: Invalid layout\n", mdname(mddev));
572 if (unlikely(is_rdev_broken(tmp_dev))) {
574 md_error(mddev, tmp_dev);
578 bio_set_dev(bio, tmp_dev->bdev);
579 bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = sector + zone->dev_start +
580 tmp_dev->data_offset;
583 trace_block_bio_remap(bio, disk_devt(mddev->gendisk),
585 mddev_check_write_zeroes(mddev, bio);
586 submit_bio_noacct(bio);
589 static bool raid0_make_request(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
592 unsigned chunk_sects;
595 if (unlikely(bio->bi_opf & REQ_PREFLUSH)
596 && md_flush_request(mddev, bio))
599 if (unlikely((bio_op(bio) == REQ_OP_DISCARD))) {
600 raid0_handle_discard(mddev, bio);
604 sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
605 chunk_sects = mddev->chunk_sectors;
607 sectors = chunk_sects -
608 (likely(is_power_of_2(chunk_sects))
609 ? (sector & (chunk_sects-1))
610 : sector_div(sector, chunk_sects));
612 if (sectors < bio_sectors(bio)) {
613 struct bio *split = bio_split(bio, sectors, GFP_NOIO,
615 bio_chain(split, bio);
616 raid0_map_submit_bio(mddev, bio);
620 raid0_map_submit_bio(mddev, bio);
624 static void raid0_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
626 seq_printf(seq, " %dk chunks", mddev->chunk_sectors / 2);
630 static void raid0_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
632 if (!test_and_set_bit(MD_BROKEN, &mddev->flags)) {
633 char *md_name = mdname(mddev);
635 pr_crit("md/raid0%s: Disk failure on %pg detected, failing array.\n",
636 md_name, rdev->bdev);
640 static void *raid0_takeover_raid45(struct mddev *mddev)
642 struct md_rdev *rdev;
643 struct r0conf *priv_conf;
645 if (mddev->degraded != 1) {
646 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: raid5 must be degraded! Degraded disks: %d\n",
649 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
652 rdev_for_each(rdev, mddev) {
653 /* check slot number for a disk */
654 if (rdev->raid_disk == mddev->raid_disks-1) {
655 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: raid5 must have missing parity disk!\n",
657 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
659 rdev->sectors = mddev->dev_sectors;
662 /* Set new parameters */
663 mddev->new_level = 0;
664 mddev->new_layout = 0;
665 mddev->new_chunk_sectors = mddev->chunk_sectors;
667 mddev->delta_disks = -1;
668 /* make sure it will be not marked as dirty */
669 mddev->recovery_cp = MaxSector;
670 mddev_clear_unsupported_flags(mddev, UNSUPPORTED_MDDEV_FLAGS);
672 create_strip_zones(mddev, &priv_conf);
677 static void *raid0_takeover_raid10(struct mddev *mddev)
679 struct r0conf *priv_conf;
682 * - far_copies must be 1
683 * - near_copies must be 2
684 * - disks number must be even
685 * - all mirrors must be already degraded
687 if (mddev->layout != ((1 << 8) + 2)) {
688 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s:: Raid0 cannot takeover layout: 0x%x\n",
691 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
693 if (mddev->raid_disks & 1) {
694 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: Raid0 cannot takeover Raid10 with odd disk number.\n",
696 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
698 if (mddev->degraded != (mddev->raid_disks>>1)) {
699 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: All mirrors must be already degraded!\n",
701 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
704 /* Set new parameters */
705 mddev->new_level = 0;
706 mddev->new_layout = 0;
707 mddev->new_chunk_sectors = mddev->chunk_sectors;
708 mddev->delta_disks = - mddev->raid_disks / 2;
709 mddev->raid_disks += mddev->delta_disks;
711 /* make sure it will be not marked as dirty */
712 mddev->recovery_cp = MaxSector;
713 mddev_clear_unsupported_flags(mddev, UNSUPPORTED_MDDEV_FLAGS);
715 create_strip_zones(mddev, &priv_conf);
719 static void *raid0_takeover_raid1(struct mddev *mddev)
721 struct r0conf *priv_conf;
725 * - (N - 1) mirror drives must be already faulty
727 if ((mddev->raid_disks - 1) != mddev->degraded) {
728 pr_err("md/raid0:%s: (N - 1) mirrors drives must be already faulty!\n",
730 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
734 * a raid1 doesn't have the notion of chunk size, so
735 * figure out the largest suitable size we can use.
737 chunksect = 64 * 2; /* 64K by default */
739 /* The array must be an exact multiple of chunksize */
740 while (chunksect && (mddev->array_sectors & (chunksect - 1)))
743 if ((chunksect << 9) < PAGE_SIZE)
744 /* array size does not allow a suitable chunk size */
745 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
747 /* Set new parameters */
748 mddev->new_level = 0;
749 mddev->new_layout = 0;
750 mddev->new_chunk_sectors = chunksect;
751 mddev->chunk_sectors = chunksect;
752 mddev->delta_disks = 1 - mddev->raid_disks;
753 mddev->raid_disks = 1;
754 /* make sure it will be not marked as dirty */
755 mddev->recovery_cp = MaxSector;
756 mddev_clear_unsupported_flags(mddev, UNSUPPORTED_MDDEV_FLAGS);
758 create_strip_zones(mddev, &priv_conf);
762 static void *raid0_takeover(struct mddev *mddev)
764 /* raid0 can take over:
765 * raid4 - if all data disks are active.
766 * raid5 - providing it is Raid4 layout and one disk is faulty
767 * raid10 - assuming we have all necessary active disks
768 * raid1 - with (N -1) mirror drives faulty
772 pr_warn("md/raid0: %s: cannot takeover array with bitmap\n",
774 return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
776 if (mddev->level == 4)
777 return raid0_takeover_raid45(mddev);
779 if (mddev->level == 5) {
780 if (mddev->layout == ALGORITHM_PARITY_N)
781 return raid0_takeover_raid45(mddev);
783 pr_warn("md/raid0:%s: Raid can only takeover Raid5 with layout: %d\n",
784 mdname(mddev), ALGORITHM_PARITY_N);
787 if (mddev->level == 10)
788 return raid0_takeover_raid10(mddev);
790 if (mddev->level == 1)
791 return raid0_takeover_raid1(mddev);
793 pr_warn("Takeover from raid%i to raid0 not supported\n",
796 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
799 static void raid0_quiesce(struct mddev *mddev, int quiesce)
803 static struct md_personality raid0_personality=
807 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
808 .make_request = raid0_make_request,
811 .status = raid0_status,
813 .takeover = raid0_takeover,
814 .quiesce = raid0_quiesce,
815 .error_handler = raid0_error,
818 static int __init raid0_init (void)
820 return register_md_personality (&raid0_personality);
823 static void raid0_exit (void)
825 unregister_md_personality (&raid0_personality);
828 module_init(raid0_init);
829 module_exit(raid0_exit);
830 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
831 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("RAID0 (striping) personality for MD");
832 MODULE_ALIAS("md-personality-2"); /* RAID0 */
833 MODULE_ALIAS("md-raid0");
834 MODULE_ALIAS("md-level-0");