1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * chaoskey - driver for ChaosKey device from Altus Metrum.
5 * This device provides true random numbers using a noise source based
6 * on a reverse-biased p-n junction in avalanche breakdown. More
7 * details can be found at http://chaoskey.org
9 * The driver connects to the kernel hardware RNG interface to provide
10 * entropy for /dev/random and other kernel activities. It also offers
11 * a separate /dev/ entry to allow for direct access to the random
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/slab.h>
19 #include <linux/usb.h>
20 #include <linux/wait.h>
21 #include <linux/hw_random.h>
22 #include <linux/mutex.h>
23 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
25 static struct usb_driver chaoskey_driver;
26 static struct usb_class_driver chaoskey_class;
27 static int chaoskey_rng_read(struct hwrng *rng, void *data,
28 size_t max, bool wait);
30 #define usb_dbg(usb_if, format, arg...) \
31 dev_dbg(&(usb_if)->dev, format, ## arg)
33 #define usb_err(usb_if, format, arg...) \
34 dev_err(&(usb_if)->dev, format, ## arg)
36 /* Version Information */
38 #define DRIVER_DESC "Altus Metrum ChaosKey driver"
39 #define DRIVER_SHORT "chaoskey"
41 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
42 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
43 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
45 #define CHAOSKEY_VENDOR_ID 0x1d50 /* OpenMoko */
46 #define CHAOSKEY_PRODUCT_ID 0x60c6 /* ChaosKey */
48 #define ALEA_VENDOR_ID 0x12d8 /* Araneus */
49 #define ALEA_PRODUCT_ID 0x0001 /* Alea I */
51 #define CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN 64 /* max size of USB full speed packet */
53 #define NAK_TIMEOUT (HZ) /* normal stall/wait timeout */
54 #define ALEA_FIRST_TIMEOUT (HZ*3) /* first stall/wait timeout for Alea */
56 #ifdef CONFIG_USB_DYNAMIC_MINORS
57 #define USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE 0
60 /* IOWARRIOR_MINOR_BASE + 16, not official yet */
61 #define USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE 224
64 static const struct usb_device_id chaoskey_table[] = {
65 { USB_DEVICE(CHAOSKEY_VENDOR_ID, CHAOSKEY_PRODUCT_ID) },
66 { USB_DEVICE(ALEA_VENDOR_ID, ALEA_PRODUCT_ID) },
69 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, chaoskey_table);
71 static void chaos_read_callback(struct urb *urb);
73 /* Driver-local specific stuff */
75 struct usb_interface *interface;
78 struct mutex rng_lock;
79 int open; /* open count */
80 bool present; /* device not disconnected */
81 bool reading; /* ongoing IO */
82 bool reads_started; /* track first read for Alea */
83 int size; /* size of buf */
84 int valid; /* bytes of buf read */
85 int used; /* bytes of buf consumed */
86 char *name; /* product + serial */
87 struct hwrng hwrng; /* Embedded struct for hwrng */
88 int hwrng_registered; /* registered with hwrng API */
89 wait_queue_head_t wait_q; /* for timeouts */
90 struct urb *urb; /* for performing IO */
94 static void chaoskey_free(struct chaoskey *dev)
97 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "free");
98 usb_free_urb(dev->urb);
105 static int chaoskey_probe(struct usb_interface *interface,
106 const struct usb_device_id *id)
108 struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(interface);
109 struct usb_host_interface *altsetting = interface->cur_altsetting;
110 struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
112 struct chaoskey *dev;
113 int result = -ENOMEM;
117 usb_dbg(interface, "probe %s-%s", udev->product, udev->serial);
119 /* Find the first bulk IN endpoint and its packet size */
120 res = usb_find_bulk_in_endpoint(altsetting, &epd);
122 usb_dbg(interface, "no IN endpoint found");
126 in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
127 size = usb_endpoint_maxp(epd);
129 /* Validate endpoint and size */
131 usb_dbg(interface, "invalid size (%d)", size);
135 if (size > CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN) {
136 usb_dbg(interface, "size reduced from %d to %d\n",
137 size, CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN);
138 size = CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN;
141 /* Looks good, allocate and initialize */
143 dev = kzalloc(sizeof(struct chaoskey), GFP_KERNEL);
148 dev->buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
150 if (dev->buf == NULL)
153 dev->urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
158 usb_fill_bulk_urb(dev->urb,
160 usb_rcvbulkpipe(udev, in_ep),
166 /* Construct a name using the product and serial values. Each
167 * device needs a unique name for the hwrng code
170 if (udev->product && udev->serial) {
171 dev->name = kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "%s-%s", udev->product,
173 if (dev->name == NULL)
177 dev->interface = interface;
181 if (le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor) != ALEA_VENDOR_ID)
182 dev->reads_started = true;
187 init_waitqueue_head(&dev->wait_q);
189 mutex_init(&dev->lock);
190 mutex_init(&dev->rng_lock);
192 usb_set_intfdata(interface, dev);
194 result = usb_register_dev(interface, &chaoskey_class);
196 usb_err(interface, "Unable to allocate minor number.");
200 dev->hwrng.name = dev->name ? dev->name : chaoskey_driver.name;
201 dev->hwrng.read = chaoskey_rng_read;
202 dev->hwrng.quality = 1024;
204 dev->hwrng_registered = (hwrng_register(&dev->hwrng) == 0);
205 if (!dev->hwrng_registered)
206 usb_err(interface, "Unable to register with hwrng");
208 usb_enable_autosuspend(udev);
210 usb_dbg(interface, "chaoskey probe success, size %d", dev->size);
214 usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
219 static void chaoskey_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)
221 struct chaoskey *dev;
223 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect");
224 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
226 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect failed - no dev");
230 if (dev->hwrng_registered)
231 hwrng_unregister(&dev->hwrng);
233 usb_deregister_dev(interface, &chaoskey_class);
235 usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
236 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
238 dev->present = false;
239 usb_poison_urb(dev->urb);
242 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
245 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
247 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect done");
250 static int chaoskey_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
252 struct chaoskey *dev;
253 struct usb_interface *interface;
255 /* get the interface from minor number and driver information */
256 interface = usb_find_interface(&chaoskey_driver, iminor(inode));
260 usb_dbg(interface, "open");
262 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
264 usb_dbg(interface, "open (dev)");
268 file->private_data = dev;
269 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
271 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
273 usb_dbg(interface, "open success");
277 static int chaoskey_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
279 struct chaoskey *dev = file->private_data;
280 struct usb_interface *interface;
285 interface = dev->interface;
287 usb_dbg(interface, "release");
289 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
291 usb_dbg(interface, "open count at release is %d", dev->open);
293 if (dev->open <= 0) {
294 usb_dbg(interface, "invalid open count (%d)", dev->open);
295 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
302 if (dev->open == 0) {
303 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
306 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
308 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
310 usb_dbg(interface, "release success");
314 static void chaos_read_callback(struct urb *urb)
316 struct chaoskey *dev = urb->context;
317 int status = urb->status;
319 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "callback status (%d)", status);
322 dev->valid = urb->actual_length;
328 /* must be seen first before validity is announced */
331 dev->reading = false;
332 wake_up(&dev->wait_q);
335 /* Fill the buffer. Called with dev->lock held
337 static int _chaoskey_fill(struct chaoskey *dev)
343 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "fill");
345 /* Return immediately if someone called before the buffer was
347 if (dev->valid != dev->used) {
348 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "not empty yet (valid %d used %d)",
349 dev->valid, dev->used);
353 /* Bail if the device has been removed */
355 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "device not present");
359 /* Make sure the device is awake */
360 result = usb_autopm_get_interface(dev->interface);
362 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "wakeup failed (result %d)", result);
367 result = usb_submit_urb(dev->urb, GFP_KERNEL);
369 result = usb_translate_errors(result);
370 dev->reading = false;
374 /* The first read on the Alea takes a little under 2 seconds.
375 * Reads after the first read take only a few microseconds
376 * though. Presumably the entropy-generating circuit needs
377 * time to ramp up. So, we wait longer on the first read.
379 started = dev->reads_started;
380 dev->reads_started = true;
381 result = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(
384 (started ? NAK_TIMEOUT : ALEA_FIRST_TIMEOUT) );
394 /* Let the device go back to sleep eventually */
395 usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->interface);
397 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %d bytes", dev->valid);
402 static ssize_t chaoskey_read(struct file *file,
407 struct chaoskey *dev;
408 ssize_t read_count = 0;
411 unsigned long remain;
413 dev = file->private_data;
415 if (dev == NULL || !dev->present)
418 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %zu", count);
422 /* Grab the rng_lock briefly to ensure that the hwrng interface
423 * gets priority over other user access
425 result = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->rng_lock);
428 mutex_unlock(&dev->rng_lock);
430 result = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->lock);
433 if (dev->valid == dev->used) {
434 result = _chaoskey_fill(dev);
436 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
441 this_time = dev->valid - dev->used;
442 if (this_time > count)
445 remain = copy_to_user(buffer, dev->buf + dev->used, this_time);
449 /* Consume the bytes that were copied so we don't leak
452 dev->used += this_time - remain;
453 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
458 read_count += this_time;
460 dev->used += this_time;
461 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
465 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %zu bytes", read_count);
468 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "empty read, result %d", result);
469 if (result == -ETIMEDOUT)
474 static int chaoskey_rng_read(struct hwrng *rng, void *data,
475 size_t max, bool wait)
477 struct chaoskey *dev = container_of(rng, struct chaoskey, hwrng);
480 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "rng_read max %zu wait %d", max, wait);
483 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "device not present");
487 /* Hold the rng_lock until we acquire the device lock so that
488 * this operation gets priority over other user access to the
491 mutex_lock(&dev->rng_lock);
493 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
495 mutex_unlock(&dev->rng_lock);
497 /* Try to fill the buffer if empty. It doesn't actually matter
498 * if _chaoskey_fill works; we'll just return zero bytes as
499 * the buffer will still be empty
501 if (dev->valid == dev->used)
502 (void) _chaoskey_fill(dev);
504 this_time = dev->valid - dev->used;
508 memcpy(data, dev->buf + dev->used, this_time);
510 dev->used += this_time;
512 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
514 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "rng_read this_time %d\n", this_time);
519 static int chaoskey_suspend(struct usb_interface *interface,
520 pm_message_t message)
522 usb_dbg(interface, "suspend");
526 static int chaoskey_resume(struct usb_interface *interface)
528 usb_dbg(interface, "resume");
532 #define chaoskey_suspend NULL
533 #define chaoskey_resume NULL
536 /* file operation pointers */
537 static const struct file_operations chaoskey_fops = {
538 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
539 .read = chaoskey_read,
540 .open = chaoskey_open,
541 .release = chaoskey_release,
542 .llseek = default_llseek,
545 /* class driver information */
546 static struct usb_class_driver chaoskey_class = {
547 .name = "chaoskey%d",
548 .fops = &chaoskey_fops,
549 .minor_base = USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE,
552 /* usb specific object needed to register this driver with the usb subsystem */
553 static struct usb_driver chaoskey_driver = {
554 .name = DRIVER_SHORT,
555 .probe = chaoskey_probe,
556 .disconnect = chaoskey_disconnect,
557 .suspend = chaoskey_suspend,
558 .resume = chaoskey_resume,
559 .reset_resume = chaoskey_resume,
560 .id_table = chaoskey_table,
561 .supports_autosuspend = 1,
564 module_usb_driver(chaoskey_driver);