3 * Bad block table support for the NAND driver
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
13 * When nand_scan_bbt is called, then it tries to find the bad block table
14 * depending on the options in the BBT descriptor(s). If no flash based BBT
15 * (NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH) is specified then the device is scanned for factory
16 * marked good / bad blocks. This information is used to create a memory BBT.
17 * Once a new bad block is discovered then the "factory" information is updated
19 * If a flash based BBT is specified then the function first tries to find the
20 * BBT on flash. If a BBT is found then the contents are read and the memory
21 * based BBT is created. If a mirrored BBT is selected then the mirror is
22 * searched too and the versions are compared. If the mirror has a greater
23 * version number, then the mirror BBT is used to build the memory based BBT.
24 * If the tables are not versioned, then we "or" the bad block information.
25 * If one of the BBTs is out of date or does not exist it is (re)created.
26 * If no BBT exists at all then the device is scanned for factory marked
27 * good / bad blocks and the bad block tables are created.
29 * For manufacturer created BBTs like the one found on M-SYS DOC devices
30 * the BBT is searched and read but never created
32 * The auto generated bad block table is located in the last good blocks
33 * of the device. The table is mirrored, so it can be updated eventually.
34 * The table is marked in the OOB area with an ident pattern and a version
35 * number which indicates which of both tables is more up to date. If the NAND
36 * controller needs the complete OOB area for the ECC information then the
37 * option NAND_BBT_NO_OOB should be used (along with NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH, of
38 * course): it moves the ident pattern and the version byte into the data area
39 * and the OOB area will remain untouched.
41 * The table uses 2 bits per block
43 * 00b: block is factory marked bad
44 * 01b, 10b: block is marked bad due to wear
46 * The memory bad block table uses the following scheme:
48 * 01b: block is marked bad due to wear
49 * 10b: block is reserved (to protect the bbt area)
50 * 11b: block is factory marked bad
52 * Multichip devices like DOC store the bad block info per floor.
54 * Following assumptions are made:
55 * - bbts start at a page boundary, if autolocated on a block boundary
56 * - the space necessary for a bbt in FLASH does not exceed a block boundary
60 #include <linux/slab.h>
61 #include <linux/types.h>
62 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
63 #include <linux/mtd/bbm.h>
64 #include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
65 #include <linux/bitops.h>
66 #include <linux/delay.h>
67 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
68 #include <linux/export.h>
69 #include <linux/string.h>
71 #define BBT_BLOCK_GOOD 0x00
72 #define BBT_BLOCK_WORN 0x01
73 #define BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED 0x02
74 #define BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD 0x03
76 #define BBT_ENTRY_MASK 0x03
77 #define BBT_ENTRY_SHIFT 2
79 static int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
81 static inline uint8_t bbt_get_entry(struct nand_chip *chip, int block)
83 uint8_t entry = chip->bbt[block >> BBT_ENTRY_SHIFT];
84 entry >>= (block & BBT_ENTRY_MASK) * 2;
85 return entry & BBT_ENTRY_MASK;
88 static inline void bbt_mark_entry(struct nand_chip *chip, int block,
91 uint8_t msk = (mark & BBT_ENTRY_MASK) << ((block & BBT_ENTRY_MASK) * 2);
92 chip->bbt[block >> BBT_ENTRY_SHIFT] |= msk;
95 static int check_pattern_no_oob(uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
97 if (memcmp(buf, td->pattern, td->len))
103 * check_pattern - [GENERIC] check if a pattern is in the buffer
104 * @buf: the buffer to search
105 * @len: the length of buffer to search
106 * @paglen: the pagelength
107 * @td: search pattern descriptor
109 * Check for a pattern at the given place. Used to search bad block tables and
110 * good / bad block identifiers.
112 static int check_pattern(uint8_t *buf, int len, int paglen, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
114 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
115 return check_pattern_no_oob(buf, td);
117 /* Compare the pattern */
118 if (memcmp(buf + paglen + td->offs, td->pattern, td->len))
125 * check_short_pattern - [GENERIC] check if a pattern is in the buffer
126 * @buf: the buffer to search
127 * @td: search pattern descriptor
129 * Check for a pattern at the given place. Used to search bad block tables and
130 * good / bad block identifiers. Same as check_pattern, but no optional empty
133 static int check_short_pattern(uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
135 /* Compare the pattern */
136 if (memcmp(buf + td->offs, td->pattern, td->len))
142 * add_marker_len - compute the length of the marker in data area
143 * @td: BBT descriptor used for computation
145 * The length will be 0 if the marker is located in OOB area.
147 static u32 add_marker_len(struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
151 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB))
155 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
161 * read_bbt - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table starting from page
162 * @mtd: MTD device structure
163 * @buf: temporary buffer
164 * @page: the starting page
165 * @num: the number of bbt descriptors to read
166 * @td: the bbt describtion table
167 * @offs: block number offset in the table
169 * Read the bad block table starting from page.
171 static int read_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int page, int num,
172 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, int offs)
174 int res, ret = 0, i, j, act = 0;
175 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
176 size_t retlen, len, totlen;
178 int bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
179 uint8_t msk = (uint8_t)((1 << bits) - 1);
181 int reserved_block_code = td->reserved_block_code;
183 totlen = (num * bits) >> 3;
184 marker_len = add_marker_len(td);
185 from = ((loff_t)page) << this->page_shift;
188 len = min(totlen, (size_t)(1 << this->bbt_erase_shift));
191 * In case the BBT marker is not in the OOB area it
192 * will be just in the first page.
198 res = mtd_read(mtd, from, len, &retlen, buf);
200 if (mtd_is_eccerr(res)) {
201 pr_info("nand_bbt: ECC error in BBT at 0x%012llx\n",
202 from & ~mtd->writesize);
204 } else if (mtd_is_bitflip(res)) {
205 pr_info("nand_bbt: corrected error in BBT at 0x%012llx\n",
206 from & ~mtd->writesize);
209 pr_info("nand_bbt: error reading BBT\n");
215 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
216 uint8_t dat = buf[i];
217 for (j = 0; j < 8; j += bits, act++) {
218 uint8_t tmp = (dat >> j) & msk;
221 if (reserved_block_code && (tmp == reserved_block_code)) {
222 pr_info("nand_read_bbt: reserved block at 0x%012llx\n",
223 (loff_t)(offs + act) <<
224 this->bbt_erase_shift);
225 bbt_mark_entry(this, offs + act,
227 mtd->ecc_stats.bbtblocks++;
231 * Leave it for now, if it's matured we can
232 * move this message to pr_debug.
234 pr_info("nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x%012llx\n",
235 (loff_t)(offs + act) <<
236 this->bbt_erase_shift);
237 /* Factory marked bad or worn out? */
239 bbt_mark_entry(this, offs + act,
240 BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD);
242 bbt_mark_entry(this, offs + act,
244 mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
254 * read_abs_bbt - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table starting at a given page
255 * @mtd: MTD device structure
256 * @buf: temporary buffer
257 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
258 * @chip: read the table for a specific chip, -1 read all chips; applies only if
259 * NAND_BBT_PERCHIP option is set
261 * Read the bad block table for all chips starting at a given page. We assume
262 * that the bbt bits are in consecutive order.
264 static int read_abs_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td, int chip)
266 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
269 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
271 for (i = 0; i < this->numchips; i++) {
272 if (chip == -1 || chip == i)
273 res = read_bbt(mtd, buf, td->pages[i],
274 this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift,
278 offs += this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
281 res = read_bbt(mtd, buf, td->pages[0],
282 mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift, td, 0);
289 /* BBT marker is in the first page, no OOB */
290 static int scan_read_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
291 struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
297 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
300 return mtd_read(mtd, offs, len, &retlen, buf);
304 * scan_read_oob - [GENERIC] Scan data+OOB region to buffer
305 * @mtd: MTD device structure
306 * @buf: temporary buffer
307 * @offs: offset at which to scan
308 * @len: length of data region to read
310 * Scan read data from data+OOB. May traverse multiple pages, interleaving
311 * page,OOB,page,OOB,... in buf. Completes transfer and returns the "strongest"
312 * ECC condition (error or bitflip). May quit on the first (non-ECC) error.
314 static int scan_read_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
317 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
320 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
322 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
326 ops.len = min(len, (size_t)mtd->writesize);
327 ops.oobbuf = buf + ops.len;
329 res = mtd_read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
331 if (!mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(res))
333 else if (mtd_is_eccerr(res) || !ret)
337 buf += mtd->oobsize + mtd->writesize;
338 len -= mtd->writesize;
339 offs += mtd->writesize;
344 static int scan_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
345 size_t len, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
347 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
348 return scan_read_data(mtd, buf, offs, td);
350 return scan_read_oob(mtd, buf, offs, len);
353 /* Scan write data with oob to flash */
354 static int scan_write_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, size_t len,
355 uint8_t *buf, uint8_t *oob)
357 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
359 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
361 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
366 return mtd_write_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
369 static u32 bbt_get_ver_offs(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
371 u32 ver_offs = td->veroffs;
373 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB))
374 ver_offs += mtd->writesize;
379 * read_abs_bbts - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table(s) for all chips starting at a given page
380 * @mtd: MTD device structure
381 * @buf: temporary buffer
382 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
383 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
385 * Read the bad block table(s) for all chips starting at a given page. We
386 * assume that the bbt bits are in consecutive order.
388 static void read_abs_bbts(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
389 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md)
391 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
393 /* Read the primary version, if available */
394 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION) {
395 scan_read(mtd, buf, (loff_t)td->pages[0] << this->page_shift,
397 td->version[0] = buf[bbt_get_ver_offs(mtd, td)];
398 pr_info("Bad block table at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
399 td->pages[0], td->version[0]);
402 /* Read the mirror version, if available */
403 if (md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)) {
404 scan_read(mtd, buf, (loff_t)md->pages[0] << this->page_shift,
406 md->version[0] = buf[bbt_get_ver_offs(mtd, md)];
407 pr_info("Bad block table at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
408 md->pages[0], md->version[0]);
412 /* Scan a given block partially */
413 static int scan_block_fast(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd,
414 loff_t offs, uint8_t *buf, int numpages)
416 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
419 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
423 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
425 for (j = 0; j < numpages; j++) {
427 * Read the full oob until read_oob is fixed to handle single
428 * byte reads for 16 bit buswidth.
430 ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
431 /* Ignore ECC errors when checking for BBM */
432 if (ret && !mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(ret))
435 if (check_short_pattern(buf, bd))
438 offs += mtd->writesize;
444 * create_bbt - [GENERIC] Create a bad block table by scanning the device
445 * @mtd: MTD device structure
446 * @buf: temporary buffer
447 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
448 * @chip: create the table for a specific chip, -1 read all chips; applies only
449 * if NAND_BBT_PERCHIP option is set
451 * Create a bad block table by scanning the device for the given good/bad block
454 static int create_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
455 struct nand_bbt_descr *bd, int chip)
457 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
458 int i, numblocks, numpages;
462 pr_info("Scanning device for bad blocks\n");
464 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE)
470 numblocks = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
474 if (chip >= this->numchips) {
475 pr_warn("create_bbt(): chipnr (%d) > available chips (%d)\n",
476 chip + 1, this->numchips);
479 numblocks = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
480 startblock = chip * numblocks;
481 numblocks += startblock;
482 from = (loff_t)startblock << this->bbt_erase_shift;
485 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_SCANLASTPAGE)
486 from += mtd->erasesize - (mtd->writesize * numpages);
488 for (i = startblock; i < numblocks; i++) {
491 BUG_ON(bd->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB);
493 ret = scan_block_fast(mtd, bd, from, buf, numpages);
498 bbt_mark_entry(this, i, BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD);
499 pr_warn("Bad eraseblock %d at 0x%012llx\n",
500 i, (unsigned long long)from);
501 mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
504 from += (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
510 * search_bbt - [GENERIC] scan the device for a specific bad block table
511 * @mtd: MTD device structure
512 * @buf: temporary buffer
513 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
515 * Read the bad block table by searching for a given ident pattern. Search is
516 * preformed either from the beginning up or from the end of the device
517 * downwards. The search starts always at the start of a block. If the option
518 * NAND_BBT_PERCHIP is given, each chip is searched for a bbt, which contains
519 * the bad block information of this chip. This is necessary to provide support
520 * for certain DOC devices.
522 * The bbt ident pattern resides in the oob area of the first page in a block.
524 static int search_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
526 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
528 int startblock, block, dir;
529 int scanlen = mtd->writesize + mtd->oobsize;
531 int blocktopage = this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift;
533 /* Search direction top -> down? */
534 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK) {
535 startblock = (mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift) - 1;
542 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
543 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
544 chips = this->numchips;
545 bbtblocks = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
546 startblock &= bbtblocks - 1;
549 bbtblocks = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
552 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
553 /* Reset version information */
556 /* Scan the maximum number of blocks */
557 for (block = 0; block < td->maxblocks; block++) {
559 int actblock = startblock + dir * block;
560 loff_t offs = (loff_t)actblock << this->bbt_erase_shift;
562 /* Read first page */
563 scan_read(mtd, buf, offs, mtd->writesize, td);
564 if (!check_pattern(buf, scanlen, mtd->writesize, td)) {
565 td->pages[i] = actblock << blocktopage;
566 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION) {
567 offs = bbt_get_ver_offs(mtd, td);
568 td->version[i] = buf[offs];
573 startblock += this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
575 /* Check, if we found a bbt for each requested chip */
576 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
577 if (td->pages[i] == -1)
578 pr_warn("Bad block table not found for chip %d\n", i);
580 pr_info("Bad block table found at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
581 td->pages[i], td->version[i]);
587 * search_read_bbts - [GENERIC] scan the device for bad block table(s)
588 * @mtd: MTD device structure
589 * @buf: temporary buffer
590 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
591 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
593 * Search and read the bad block table(s).
595 static void search_read_bbts(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
596 struct nand_bbt_descr *td,
597 struct nand_bbt_descr *md)
599 /* Search the primary table */
600 search_bbt(mtd, buf, td);
602 /* Search the mirror table */
604 search_bbt(mtd, buf, md);
608 * get_bbt_block - Get the first valid eraseblock suitable to store a BBT
609 * @this: the NAND device
610 * @td: the BBT description
611 * @md: the mirror BBT descriptor
612 * @chip: the CHIP selector
614 * This functions returns a positive block number pointing a valid eraseblock
615 * suitable to store a BBT (i.e. in the range reserved for BBT), or -ENOSPC if
616 * all blocks are already used of marked bad. If td->pages[chip] was already
617 * pointing to a valid block we re-use it, otherwise we search for the next
620 static int get_bbt_block(struct nand_chip *this, struct nand_bbt_descr *td,
621 struct nand_bbt_descr *md, int chip)
623 int startblock, dir, page, numblocks, i;
626 * There was already a version of the table, reuse the page. This
627 * applies for absolute placement too, as we have the page number in
630 if (td->pages[chip] != -1)
631 return td->pages[chip] >>
632 (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
634 numblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
635 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP))
636 numblocks *= this->numchips;
639 * Automatic placement of the bad block table. Search direction
642 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK) {
643 startblock = numblocks * (chip + 1) - 1;
646 startblock = chip * numblocks;
650 for (i = 0; i < td->maxblocks; i++) {
651 int block = startblock + dir * i;
653 /* Check, if the block is bad */
654 switch (bbt_get_entry(this, block)) {
656 case BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD:
660 page = block << (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
662 /* Check, if the block is used by the mirror table */
663 if (!md || md->pages[chip] != page)
671 * mark_bbt_block_bad - Mark one of the block reserved for BBT bad
672 * @this: the NAND device
673 * @td: the BBT description
674 * @chip: the CHIP selector
675 * @block: the BBT block to mark
677 * Blocks reserved for BBT can become bad. This functions is an helper to mark
678 * such blocks as bad. It takes care of updating the in-memory BBT, marking the
679 * block as bad using a bad block marker and invalidating the associated
682 static void mark_bbt_block_bad(struct nand_chip *this,
683 struct nand_bbt_descr *td,
686 struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(this);
690 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_WORN);
692 to = (loff_t)block << this->bbt_erase_shift;
693 res = this->block_markbad(mtd, to);
695 pr_warn("nand_bbt: error %d while marking block %d bad\n",
698 td->pages[chip] = -1;
702 * write_bbt - [GENERIC] (Re)write the bad block table
703 * @mtd: MTD device structure
704 * @buf: temporary buffer
705 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
706 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
707 * @chipsel: selector for a specific chip, -1 for all
709 * (Re)write the bad block table.
711 static int write_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
712 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md,
715 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
716 struct erase_info einfo;
717 int i, res, chip = 0;
718 int bits, page, offs, numblocks, sft, sftmsk;
719 int nrchips, pageoffs, ooboffs;
721 uint8_t rcode = td->reserved_block_code;
722 size_t retlen, len = 0;
724 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
726 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
729 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
733 /* Write bad block table per chip rather than per device? */
734 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
735 numblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
736 /* Full device write or specific chip? */
738 nrchips = this->numchips;
740 nrchips = chipsel + 1;
744 numblocks = (int)(mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
748 /* Loop through the chips */
749 while (chip < nrchips) {
752 block = get_bbt_block(this, td, md, chip);
754 pr_err("No space left to write bad block table\n");
760 * get_bbt_block() returns a block number, shift the value to
763 page = block << (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
765 /* Set up shift count and masks for the flash table */
766 bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
769 case 1: sft = 3; sftmsk = 0x07; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x01;
772 case 2: sft = 2; sftmsk = 0x06; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x01;
775 case 4: sft = 1; sftmsk = 0x04; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x0C;
778 case 8: sft = 0; sftmsk = 0x00; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x0F;
781 default: return -EINVAL;
784 to = ((loff_t)page) << this->page_shift;
786 /* Must we save the block contents? */
787 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_SAVECONTENT) {
788 /* Make it block aligned */
789 to &= ~(((loff_t)1 << this->bbt_erase_shift) - 1);
790 len = 1 << this->bbt_erase_shift;
791 res = mtd_read(mtd, to, len, &retlen, buf);
794 pr_info("nand_bbt: error reading block for writing the bad block table\n");
797 pr_warn("nand_bbt: ECC error while reading block for writing bad block table\n");
800 ops.ooblen = (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
801 ops.oobbuf = &buf[len];
802 res = mtd_read_oob(mtd, to + mtd->writesize, &ops);
803 if (res < 0 || ops.oobretlen != ops.ooblen)
806 /* Calc the byte offset in the buffer */
807 pageoffs = page - (int)(to >> this->page_shift);
808 offs = pageoffs << this->page_shift;
809 /* Preset the bbt area with 0xff */
810 memset(&buf[offs], 0xff, (size_t)(numblocks >> sft));
811 ooboffs = len + (pageoffs * mtd->oobsize);
813 } else if (td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) {
816 /* The version byte */
817 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
820 len = (size_t)(numblocks >> sft);
822 /* Make it page aligned! */
823 len = ALIGN(len, mtd->writesize);
824 /* Preset the buffer with 0xff */
825 memset(buf, 0xff, len);
826 /* Pattern is located at the begin of first page */
827 memcpy(buf, td->pattern, td->len);
830 len = (size_t)(numblocks >> sft);
831 /* Make it page aligned! */
832 len = ALIGN(len, mtd->writesize);
833 /* Preset the buffer with 0xff */
834 memset(buf, 0xff, len +
835 (len >> this->page_shift)* mtd->oobsize);
838 /* Pattern is located in oob area of first page */
839 memcpy(&buf[ooboffs + td->offs], td->pattern, td->len);
842 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
843 buf[ooboffs + td->veroffs] = td->version[chip];
845 /* Walk through the memory table */
846 for (i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
848 int sftcnt = (i << (3 - sft)) & sftmsk;
849 dat = bbt_get_entry(this, chip * numblocks + i);
850 /* Do not store the reserved bbt blocks! */
851 buf[offs + (i >> sft)] &= ~(msk[dat] << sftcnt);
854 memset(&einfo, 0, sizeof(einfo));
857 einfo.len = 1 << this->bbt_erase_shift;
858 res = nand_erase_nand(mtd, &einfo, 1);
860 pr_warn("nand_bbt: error while erasing BBT block %d\n",
862 mark_bbt_block_bad(this, td, chip, block);
866 res = scan_write_bbt(mtd, to, len, buf,
867 td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB ? NULL :
870 pr_warn("nand_bbt: error while writing BBT block %d\n",
872 mark_bbt_block_bad(this, td, chip, block);
876 pr_info("Bad block table written to 0x%012llx, version 0x%02X\n",
877 (unsigned long long)to, td->version[chip]);
879 /* Mark it as used */
880 td->pages[chip++] = page;
885 pr_warn("nand_bbt: error while writing bad block table %d\n", res);
890 * nand_memory_bbt - [GENERIC] create a memory based bad block table
891 * @mtd: MTD device structure
892 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
894 * The function creates a memory based bbt by scanning the device for
895 * manufacturer / software marked good / bad blocks.
897 static inline int nand_memory_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
899 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
901 return create_bbt(mtd, this->buffers->databuf, bd, -1);
905 * check_create - [GENERIC] create and write bbt(s) if necessary
906 * @mtd: MTD device structure
907 * @buf: temporary buffer
908 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
910 * The function checks the results of the previous call to read_bbt and creates
911 * / updates the bbt(s) if necessary. Creation is necessary if no bbt was found
912 * for the chip/device. Update is necessary if one of the tables is missing or
913 * the version nr. of one table is less than the other.
915 static int check_create(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
917 int i, chips, writeops, create, chipsel, res, res2;
918 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
919 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
920 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
921 struct nand_bbt_descr *rd, *rd2;
923 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
924 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP)
925 chips = this->numchips;
929 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
935 /* Per chip or per device? */
936 chipsel = (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) ? i : -1;
937 /* Mirrored table available? */
939 if (td->pages[i] == -1 && md->pages[i] == -1) {
942 } else if (td->pages[i] == -1) {
945 } else if (md->pages[i] == -1) {
948 } else if (td->version[i] == md->version[i]) {
950 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION))
952 } else if (((int8_t)(td->version[i] - md->version[i])) > 0) {
960 if (td->pages[i] == -1) {
969 /* Create the bad block table by scanning the device? */
970 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_CREATE))
973 /* Create the table in memory by scanning the chip(s) */
974 if (!(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_CREATE_EMPTY))
975 create_bbt(mtd, buf, bd, chipsel);
982 /* Read back first? */
984 res = read_abs_bbt(mtd, buf, rd, chipsel);
985 if (mtd_is_eccerr(res)) {
986 /* Mark table as invalid */
993 /* If they weren't versioned, read both */
995 res2 = read_abs_bbt(mtd, buf, rd2, chipsel);
996 if (mtd_is_eccerr(res2)) {
997 /* Mark table as invalid */
1005 /* Scrub the flash table(s)? */
1006 if (mtd_is_bitflip(res) || mtd_is_bitflip(res2))
1009 /* Update version numbers before writing */
1011 td->version[i] = max(td->version[i], md->version[i]);
1012 md->version[i] = td->version[i];
1015 /* Write the bad block table to the device? */
1016 if ((writeops & 0x01) && (td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1017 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, td, md, chipsel);
1022 /* Write the mirror bad block table to the device? */
1023 if ((writeops & 0x02) && md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1024 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, md, td, chipsel);
1033 * mark_bbt_regions - [GENERIC] mark the bad block table regions
1034 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1035 * @td: bad block table descriptor
1037 * The bad block table regions are marked as "bad" to prevent accidental
1038 * erasures / writes. The regions are identified by the mark 0x02.
1040 static void mark_bbt_region(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
1042 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1043 int i, j, chips, block, nrblocks, update;
1046 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
1047 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
1048 chips = this->numchips;
1049 nrblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1052 nrblocks = (int)(mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1055 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
1056 if ((td->options & NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE) ||
1057 !(td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1058 if (td->pages[i] == -1)
1060 block = td->pages[i] >> (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
1061 oldval = bbt_get_entry(this, block);
1062 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED);
1063 if ((oldval != BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED) &&
1064 td->reserved_block_code)
1065 nand_update_bbt(mtd, (loff_t)block <<
1066 this->bbt_erase_shift);
1070 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK)
1071 block = ((i + 1) * nrblocks) - td->maxblocks;
1073 block = i * nrblocks;
1074 for (j = 0; j < td->maxblocks; j++) {
1075 oldval = bbt_get_entry(this, block);
1076 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED);
1077 if (oldval != BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED)
1082 * If we want reserved blocks to be recorded to flash, and some
1083 * new ones have been marked, then we need to update the stored
1084 * bbts. This should only happen once.
1086 if (update && td->reserved_block_code)
1087 nand_update_bbt(mtd, (loff_t)(block - 1) <<
1088 this->bbt_erase_shift);
1093 * verify_bbt_descr - verify the bad block description
1094 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1095 * @bd: the table to verify
1097 * This functions performs a few sanity checks on the bad block description
1100 static void verify_bbt_descr(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
1102 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1110 pattern_len = bd->len;
1111 bits = bd->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
1113 BUG_ON((this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) &&
1114 !(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH));
1117 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
1120 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) {
1121 BUG_ON(!(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH));
1122 BUG_ON(!(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB));
1124 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
1125 BUG_ON(bd->veroffs != bd->len);
1126 BUG_ON(bd->options & NAND_BBT_SAVECONTENT);
1129 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP)
1130 table_size = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
1132 table_size = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
1135 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
1136 table_size += pattern_len;
1137 BUG_ON(table_size > (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift));
1141 * nand_scan_bbt - [NAND Interface] scan, find, read and maybe create bad block table(s)
1142 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1143 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
1145 * The function checks, if a bad block table(s) is/are already available. If
1146 * not it scans the device for manufacturer marked good / bad blocks and writes
1147 * the bad block table(s) to the selected place.
1149 * The bad block table memory is allocated here. It must be freed by calling
1150 * the nand_free_bbt function.
1152 static int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
1154 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1157 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
1158 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
1160 len = (mtd->size >> (this->bbt_erase_shift + 2)) ? : 1;
1162 * Allocate memory (2bit per block) and clear the memory bad block
1165 this->bbt = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1170 * If no primary table decriptor is given, scan the device to build a
1171 * memory based bad block table.
1174 if ((res = nand_memory_bbt(mtd, bd))) {
1175 pr_err("nand_bbt: can't scan flash and build the RAM-based BBT\n");
1180 verify_bbt_descr(mtd, td);
1181 verify_bbt_descr(mtd, md);
1183 /* Allocate a temporary buffer for one eraseblock incl. oob */
1184 len = (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
1185 len += (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
1192 /* Is the bbt at a given page? */
1193 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE) {
1194 read_abs_bbts(mtd, buf, td, md);
1196 /* Search the bad block table using a pattern in oob */
1197 search_read_bbts(mtd, buf, td, md);
1200 res = check_create(mtd, buf, bd);
1204 /* Prevent the bbt regions from erasing / writing */
1205 mark_bbt_region(mtd, td);
1207 mark_bbt_region(mtd, md);
1219 * nand_update_bbt - update bad block table(s)
1220 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1221 * @offs: the offset of the newly marked block
1223 * The function updates the bad block table(s).
1225 static int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1227 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1231 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
1232 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
1234 if (!this->bbt || !td)
1237 /* Allocate a temporary buffer for one eraseblock incl. oob */
1238 len = (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
1239 len += (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
1240 buf = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1244 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
1245 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
1246 chip = (int)(offs >> this->chip_shift);
1253 td->version[chip]++;
1255 md->version[chip]++;
1257 /* Write the bad block table to the device? */
1258 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE) {
1259 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, td, md, chipsel);
1263 /* Write the mirror bad block table to the device? */
1264 if (md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1265 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, md, td, chipsel);
1274 * Define some generic bad / good block scan pattern which are used
1275 * while scanning a device for factory marked good / bad blocks.
1277 static uint8_t scan_ff_pattern[] = { 0xff, 0xff };
1279 /* Generic flash bbt descriptors */
1280 static uint8_t bbt_pattern[] = {'B', 'b', 't', '0' };
1281 static uint8_t mirror_pattern[] = {'1', 't', 'b', 'B' };
1283 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_main_descr = {
1284 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1285 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP,
1289 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1290 .pattern = bbt_pattern
1293 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_mirror_descr = {
1294 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1295 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP,
1299 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1300 .pattern = mirror_pattern
1303 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_main_no_oob_descr = {
1304 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1305 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP
1309 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1310 .pattern = bbt_pattern
1313 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_mirror_no_oob_descr = {
1314 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1315 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP
1319 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1320 .pattern = mirror_pattern
1323 #define BADBLOCK_SCAN_MASK (~NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
1325 * nand_create_badblock_pattern - [INTERN] Creates a BBT descriptor structure
1326 * @this: NAND chip to create descriptor for
1328 * This function allocates and initializes a nand_bbt_descr for BBM detection
1329 * based on the properties of @this. The new descriptor is stored in
1330 * this->badblock_pattern. Thus, this->badblock_pattern should be NULL when
1331 * passed to this function.
1333 static int nand_create_badblock_pattern(struct nand_chip *this)
1335 struct nand_bbt_descr *bd;
1336 if (this->badblock_pattern) {
1337 pr_warn("Bad block pattern already allocated; not replacing\n");
1340 bd = kzalloc(sizeof(*bd), GFP_KERNEL);
1343 bd->options = this->bbt_options & BADBLOCK_SCAN_MASK;
1344 bd->offs = this->badblockpos;
1345 bd->len = (this->options & NAND_BUSWIDTH_16) ? 2 : 1;
1346 bd->pattern = scan_ff_pattern;
1347 bd->options |= NAND_BBT_DYNAMICSTRUCT;
1348 this->badblock_pattern = bd;
1353 * nand_default_bbt - [NAND Interface] Select a default bad block table for the device
1354 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1356 * This function selects the default bad block table support for the device and
1357 * calls the nand_scan_bbt function.
1359 int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd)
1361 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1364 /* Is a flash based bad block table requested? */
1365 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH) {
1366 /* Use the default pattern descriptors */
1367 if (!this->bbt_td) {
1368 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) {
1369 this->bbt_td = &bbt_main_no_oob_descr;
1370 this->bbt_md = &bbt_mirror_no_oob_descr;
1372 this->bbt_td = &bbt_main_descr;
1373 this->bbt_md = &bbt_mirror_descr;
1377 this->bbt_td = NULL;
1378 this->bbt_md = NULL;
1381 if (!this->badblock_pattern) {
1382 ret = nand_create_badblock_pattern(this);
1387 return nand_scan_bbt(mtd, this->badblock_pattern);
1391 * nand_isreserved_bbt - [NAND Interface] Check if a block is reserved
1392 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1393 * @offs: offset in the device
1395 int nand_isreserved_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1397 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1400 block = (int)(offs >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1401 return bbt_get_entry(this, block) == BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED;
1405 * nand_isbad_bbt - [NAND Interface] Check if a block is bad
1406 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1407 * @offs: offset in the device
1408 * @allowbbt: allow access to bad block table region
1410 int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt)
1412 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1415 block = (int)(offs >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1416 res = bbt_get_entry(this, block);
1418 pr_debug("nand_isbad_bbt(): bbt info for offs 0x%08x: (block %d) 0x%02x\n",
1419 (unsigned int)offs, block, res);
1422 case BBT_BLOCK_GOOD:
1424 case BBT_BLOCK_WORN:
1426 case BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED:
1427 return allowbbt ? 0 : 1;
1433 * nand_markbad_bbt - [NAND Interface] Mark a block bad in the BBT
1434 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1435 * @offs: offset of the bad block
1437 int nand_markbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1439 struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
1442 block = (int)(offs >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1444 /* Mark bad block in memory */
1445 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_WORN);
1447 /* Update flash-based bad block table */
1448 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH)
1449 ret = nand_update_bbt(mtd, offs);