1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 * Clocksource driver for the synthetic counter and timers
5 * provided by the Hyper-V hypervisor to guest VMs, as described
6 * in the Hyper-V Top Level Functional Spec (TLFS). This driver
7 * is instruction set architecture independent.
9 * Copyright (C) 2019, Microsoft, Inc.
14 #include <linux/percpu.h>
15 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
16 #include <linux/clockchips.h>
17 #include <linux/clocksource.h>
18 #include <linux/sched_clock.h>
20 #include <linux/cpuhotplug.h>
21 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
22 #include <linux/irq.h>
23 #include <linux/acpi.h>
24 #include <linux/hyperv.h>
25 #include <clocksource/hyperv_timer.h>
26 #include <asm/hyperv-tlfs.h>
27 #include <asm/mshyperv.h>
29 static struct clock_event_device __percpu *hv_clock_event;
30 static u64 hv_sched_clock_offset __ro_after_init;
33 * If false, we're using the old mechanism for stimer0 interrupts
34 * where it sends a VMbus message when it expires. The old
35 * mechanism is used when running on older versions of Hyper-V
36 * that don't support Direct Mode. While Hyper-V provides
37 * four stimer's per CPU, Linux uses only stimer0.
39 * Because Direct Mode does not require processing a VMbus
40 * message, stimer interrupts can be enabled earlier in the
41 * process of booting a CPU, and consistent with when timer
42 * interrupts are enabled for other clocksource drivers.
43 * However, for legacy versions of Hyper-V when Direct Mode
44 * is not enabled, setting up stimer interrupts must be
45 * delayed until VMbus is initialized and can process the
48 static bool direct_mode_enabled;
50 static int stimer0_irq = -1;
51 static int stimer0_message_sint;
52 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long, stimer0_evt);
55 * Common code for stimer0 interrupts coming via Direct Mode or
58 void hv_stimer0_isr(void)
60 struct clock_event_device *ce;
62 ce = this_cpu_ptr(hv_clock_event);
63 ce->event_handler(ce);
65 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_stimer0_isr);
68 * stimer0 interrupt handler for architectures that support
69 * per-cpu interrupts, which also implies Direct Mode.
71 static irqreturn_t hv_stimer0_percpu_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
77 static int hv_ce_set_next_event(unsigned long delta,
78 struct clock_event_device *evt)
82 current_tick = hv_read_reference_counter();
83 current_tick += delta;
84 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_STIMER0_COUNT, current_tick);
88 static int hv_ce_shutdown(struct clock_event_device *evt)
90 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_STIMER0_COUNT, 0);
91 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_STIMER0_CONFIG, 0);
92 if (direct_mode_enabled && stimer0_irq >= 0)
93 disable_percpu_irq(stimer0_irq);
98 static int hv_ce_set_oneshot(struct clock_event_device *evt)
100 union hv_stimer_config timer_cfg;
102 timer_cfg.as_uint64 = 0;
103 timer_cfg.enable = 1;
104 timer_cfg.auto_enable = 1;
105 if (direct_mode_enabled) {
107 * When it expires, the timer will directly interrupt
108 * on the specified hardware vector/IRQ.
110 timer_cfg.direct_mode = 1;
111 timer_cfg.apic_vector = HYPERV_STIMER0_VECTOR;
112 if (stimer0_irq >= 0)
113 enable_percpu_irq(stimer0_irq, IRQ_TYPE_NONE);
116 * When it expires, the timer will generate a VMbus message,
117 * to be handled by the normal VMbus interrupt handler.
119 timer_cfg.direct_mode = 0;
120 timer_cfg.sintx = stimer0_message_sint;
122 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_STIMER0_CONFIG, timer_cfg.as_uint64);
127 * hv_stimer_init - Per-cpu initialization of the clockevent
129 static int hv_stimer_init(unsigned int cpu)
131 struct clock_event_device *ce;
136 ce = per_cpu_ptr(hv_clock_event, cpu);
137 ce->name = "Hyper-V clockevent";
138 ce->features = CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT;
139 ce->cpumask = cpumask_of(cpu);
141 ce->set_state_shutdown = hv_ce_shutdown;
142 ce->set_state_oneshot = hv_ce_set_oneshot;
143 ce->set_next_event = hv_ce_set_next_event;
145 clockevents_config_and_register(ce,
148 HV_MAX_MAX_DELTA_TICKS);
153 * hv_stimer_cleanup - Per-cpu cleanup of the clockevent
155 int hv_stimer_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
157 struct clock_event_device *ce;
163 * In the legacy case where Direct Mode is not enabled
164 * (which can only be on x86/64), stimer cleanup happens
165 * relatively early in the CPU offlining process. We
166 * must unbind the stimer-based clockevent device so
167 * that the LAPIC timer can take over until clockevents
168 * are no longer needed in the offlining process. Note
169 * that clockevents_unbind_device() eventually calls
172 * The unbind should not be done when Direct Mode is
173 * enabled because we may be on an architecture where
174 * there are no other clockevent devices to fallback to.
176 ce = per_cpu_ptr(hv_clock_event, cpu);
177 if (direct_mode_enabled)
180 clockevents_unbind_device(ce, cpu);
184 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_stimer_cleanup);
187 * These placeholders are overridden by arch specific code on
188 * architectures that need special setup of the stimer0 IRQ because
189 * they don't support per-cpu IRQs (such as x86/x64).
191 void __weak hv_setup_stimer0_handler(void (*handler)(void))
195 void __weak hv_remove_stimer0_handler(void)
199 /* Called only on architectures with per-cpu IRQs (i.e., not x86/x64) */
200 static int hv_setup_stimer0_irq(void)
204 ret = acpi_register_gsi(NULL, HYPERV_STIMER0_VECTOR,
205 ACPI_EDGE_SENSITIVE, ACPI_ACTIVE_HIGH);
207 pr_err("Can't register Hyper-V stimer0 GSI. Error %d", ret);
212 ret = request_percpu_irq(stimer0_irq, hv_stimer0_percpu_isr,
213 "Hyper-V stimer0", &stimer0_evt);
215 pr_err("Can't request Hyper-V stimer0 IRQ %d. Error %d",
217 acpi_unregister_gsi(stimer0_irq);
223 static void hv_remove_stimer0_irq(void)
225 if (stimer0_irq == -1) {
226 hv_remove_stimer0_handler();
228 free_percpu_irq(stimer0_irq, &stimer0_evt);
229 acpi_unregister_gsi(stimer0_irq);
234 /* hv_stimer_alloc - Global initialization of the clockevent and stimer0 */
235 int hv_stimer_alloc(bool have_percpu_irqs)
240 * Synthetic timers are always available except on old versions of
241 * Hyper-V on x86. In that case, return as error as Linux will use a
242 * clockevent based on emulated LAPIC timer hardware.
244 if (!(ms_hyperv.features & HV_MSR_SYNTIMER_AVAILABLE))
247 hv_clock_event = alloc_percpu(struct clock_event_device);
251 direct_mode_enabled = ms_hyperv.misc_features &
252 HV_STIMER_DIRECT_MODE_AVAILABLE;
255 * If Direct Mode isn't enabled, the remainder of the initialization
256 * is done later by hv_stimer_legacy_init()
258 if (!direct_mode_enabled)
261 if (have_percpu_irqs) {
262 ret = hv_setup_stimer0_irq();
264 goto free_clock_event;
266 hv_setup_stimer0_handler(hv_stimer0_isr);
270 * Since we are in Direct Mode, stimer initialization
271 * can be done now with a CPUHP value in the same range
272 * as other clockevent devices.
274 ret = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_HYPERV_TIMER_STARTING,
275 "clockevents/hyperv/stimer:starting",
276 hv_stimer_init, hv_stimer_cleanup);
278 hv_remove_stimer0_irq();
279 goto free_clock_event;
284 free_percpu(hv_clock_event);
285 hv_clock_event = NULL;
288 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_stimer_alloc);
291 * hv_stimer_legacy_init -- Called from the VMbus driver to handle
292 * the case when Direct Mode is not enabled, and the stimer
293 * must be initialized late in the CPU onlining process.
296 void hv_stimer_legacy_init(unsigned int cpu, int sint)
298 if (direct_mode_enabled)
302 * This function gets called by each vCPU, so setting the
303 * global stimer_message_sint value each time is conceptually
304 * not ideal, but the value passed in is always the same and
305 * it avoids introducing yet another interface into this
306 * clocksource driver just to set the sint in the legacy case.
308 stimer0_message_sint = sint;
309 (void)hv_stimer_init(cpu);
311 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_stimer_legacy_init);
314 * hv_stimer_legacy_cleanup -- Called from the VMbus driver to
315 * handle the case when Direct Mode is not enabled, and the
316 * stimer must be cleaned up early in the CPU offlining
319 void hv_stimer_legacy_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
321 if (direct_mode_enabled)
323 (void)hv_stimer_cleanup(cpu);
325 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_stimer_legacy_cleanup);
328 * Do a global cleanup of clockevents for the cases of kexec and
331 void hv_stimer_global_cleanup(void)
336 * hv_stime_legacy_cleanup() will stop the stimer if Direct
337 * Mode is not enabled, and fallback to the LAPIC timer.
339 for_each_present_cpu(cpu) {
340 hv_stimer_legacy_cleanup(cpu);
346 if (direct_mode_enabled) {
347 cpuhp_remove_state(CPUHP_AP_HYPERV_TIMER_STARTING);
348 hv_remove_stimer0_irq();
351 free_percpu(hv_clock_event);
352 hv_clock_event = NULL;
355 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_stimer_global_cleanup);
358 * Code and definitions for the Hyper-V clocksources. Two
359 * clocksources are defined: one that reads the Hyper-V defined MSR, and
360 * the other that uses the TSC reference page feature as defined in the
361 * TLFS. The MSR version is for compatibility with old versions of
362 * Hyper-V and 32-bit x86. The TSC reference page version is preferred.
366 struct ms_hyperv_tsc_page page;
367 u8 reserved[PAGE_SIZE];
368 } tsc_pg __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
370 static struct ms_hyperv_tsc_page *tsc_page = &tsc_pg.page;
371 static unsigned long tsc_pfn;
373 unsigned long hv_get_tsc_pfn(void)
377 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_get_tsc_pfn);
379 struct ms_hyperv_tsc_page *hv_get_tsc_page(void)
383 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_get_tsc_page);
385 static u64 notrace read_hv_clock_tsc(void)
387 u64 current_tick = hv_read_tsc_page(hv_get_tsc_page());
389 if (current_tick == U64_MAX)
390 current_tick = hv_get_register(HV_REGISTER_TIME_REF_COUNT);
395 static u64 notrace read_hv_clock_tsc_cs(struct clocksource *arg)
397 return read_hv_clock_tsc();
400 static u64 notrace read_hv_sched_clock_tsc(void)
402 return (read_hv_clock_tsc() - hv_sched_clock_offset) *
403 (NSEC_PER_SEC / HV_CLOCK_HZ);
406 static void suspend_hv_clock_tsc(struct clocksource *arg)
408 union hv_reference_tsc_msr tsc_msr;
410 /* Disable the TSC page */
411 tsc_msr.as_uint64 = hv_get_register(HV_REGISTER_REFERENCE_TSC);
413 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_REFERENCE_TSC, tsc_msr.as_uint64);
417 static void resume_hv_clock_tsc(struct clocksource *arg)
419 union hv_reference_tsc_msr tsc_msr;
421 /* Re-enable the TSC page */
422 tsc_msr.as_uint64 = hv_get_register(HV_REGISTER_REFERENCE_TSC);
424 tsc_msr.pfn = tsc_pfn;
425 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_REFERENCE_TSC, tsc_msr.as_uint64);
428 #ifdef HAVE_VDSO_CLOCKMODE_HVCLOCK
429 static int hv_cs_enable(struct clocksource *cs)
431 vclocks_set_used(VDSO_CLOCKMODE_HVCLOCK);
436 static struct clocksource hyperv_cs_tsc = {
437 .name = "hyperv_clocksource_tsc_page",
439 .read = read_hv_clock_tsc_cs,
440 .mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(64),
441 .flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS,
442 .suspend= suspend_hv_clock_tsc,
443 .resume = resume_hv_clock_tsc,
444 #ifdef HAVE_VDSO_CLOCKMODE_HVCLOCK
445 .enable = hv_cs_enable,
446 .vdso_clock_mode = VDSO_CLOCKMODE_HVCLOCK,
448 .vdso_clock_mode = VDSO_CLOCKMODE_NONE,
452 static u64 notrace read_hv_clock_msr(void)
455 * Read the partition counter to get the current tick count. This count
456 * is set to 0 when the partition is created and is incremented in
457 * 100 nanosecond units.
459 return hv_get_register(HV_REGISTER_TIME_REF_COUNT);
462 static u64 notrace read_hv_clock_msr_cs(struct clocksource *arg)
464 return read_hv_clock_msr();
467 static u64 notrace read_hv_sched_clock_msr(void)
469 return (read_hv_clock_msr() - hv_sched_clock_offset) *
470 (NSEC_PER_SEC / HV_CLOCK_HZ);
473 static struct clocksource hyperv_cs_msr = {
474 .name = "hyperv_clocksource_msr",
476 .read = read_hv_clock_msr_cs,
477 .mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(64),
478 .flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS,
482 * Reference to pv_ops must be inline so objtool
483 * detection of noinstr violations can work correctly.
485 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_SCHED_CLOCK
486 static __always_inline void hv_setup_sched_clock(void *sched_clock)
489 * We're on an architecture with generic sched clock (not x86/x64).
490 * The Hyper-V sched clock read function returns nanoseconds, not
491 * the normal 100ns units of the Hyper-V synthetic clock.
493 sched_clock_register(sched_clock, 64, NSEC_PER_SEC);
495 #elif defined CONFIG_PARAVIRT
496 static __always_inline void hv_setup_sched_clock(void *sched_clock)
498 /* We're on x86/x64 *and* using PV ops */
499 paravirt_set_sched_clock(sched_clock);
501 #else /* !CONFIG_GENERIC_SCHED_CLOCK && !CONFIG_PARAVIRT */
502 static __always_inline void hv_setup_sched_clock(void *sched_clock) {}
503 #endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_SCHED_CLOCK */
505 static bool __init hv_init_tsc_clocksource(void)
507 union hv_reference_tsc_msr tsc_msr;
509 if (!(ms_hyperv.features & HV_MSR_REFERENCE_TSC_AVAILABLE))
513 * If Hyper-V offers TSC_INVARIANT, then the virtualized TSC correctly
514 * handles frequency and offset changes due to live migration,
515 * pause/resume, and other VM management operations. So lower the
516 * Hyper-V Reference TSC rating, causing the generic TSC to be used.
517 * TSC_INVARIANT is not offered on ARM64, so the Hyper-V Reference
518 * TSC will be preferred over the virtualized ARM64 arch counter.
519 * While the Hyper-V MSR clocksource won't be used since the
520 * Reference TSC clocksource is present, change its rating as
521 * well for consistency.
523 if (ms_hyperv.features & HV_ACCESS_TSC_INVARIANT) {
524 hyperv_cs_tsc.rating = 250;
525 hyperv_cs_msr.rating = 250;
528 hv_read_reference_counter = read_hv_clock_tsc;
531 * TSC page mapping works differently in root compared to guest.
532 * - In guest partition the guest PFN has to be passed to the
534 * - In root partition it's other way around: it has to map the PFN
535 * provided by the hypervisor.
536 * But it can't be mapped right here as it's too early and MMU isn't
537 * ready yet. So, we only set the enable bit here and will remap the
538 * page later in hv_remap_tsc_clocksource().
540 * It worth mentioning, that TSC clocksource read function
541 * (read_hv_clock_tsc) has a MSR-based fallback mechanism, used when
542 * TSC page is zeroed (which is the case until the PFN is remapped) and
543 * thus TSC clocksource will work even without the real TSC page
546 tsc_msr.as_uint64 = hv_get_register(HV_REGISTER_REFERENCE_TSC);
547 if (hv_root_partition)
548 tsc_pfn = tsc_msr.pfn;
550 tsc_pfn = HVPFN_DOWN(virt_to_phys(tsc_page));
552 tsc_msr.pfn = tsc_pfn;
553 hv_set_register(HV_REGISTER_REFERENCE_TSC, tsc_msr.as_uint64);
555 clocksource_register_hz(&hyperv_cs_tsc, NSEC_PER_SEC/100);
557 hv_sched_clock_offset = hv_read_reference_counter();
558 hv_setup_sched_clock(read_hv_sched_clock_tsc);
563 void __init hv_init_clocksource(void)
566 * Try to set up the TSC page clocksource. If it succeeds, we're
567 * done. Otherwise, set up the MSR clocksource. At least one of
568 * these will always be available except on very old versions of
569 * Hyper-V on x86. In that case we won't have a Hyper-V
570 * clocksource, but Linux will still run with a clocksource based
571 * on the emulated PIT or LAPIC timer.
573 if (hv_init_tsc_clocksource())
576 if (!(ms_hyperv.features & HV_MSR_TIME_REF_COUNT_AVAILABLE))
579 hv_read_reference_counter = read_hv_clock_msr;
580 clocksource_register_hz(&hyperv_cs_msr, NSEC_PER_SEC/100);
582 hv_sched_clock_offset = hv_read_reference_counter();
583 hv_setup_sched_clock(read_hv_sched_clock_msr);
586 void __init hv_remap_tsc_clocksource(void)
588 if (!(ms_hyperv.features & HV_MSR_REFERENCE_TSC_AVAILABLE))
591 if (!hv_root_partition) {
592 WARN(1, "%s: attempt to remap TSC page in guest partition\n",
597 tsc_page = memremap(tsc_pfn << HV_HYP_PAGE_SHIFT, sizeof(tsc_pg),
600 pr_err("Failed to remap Hyper-V TSC page.\n");