2 * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
4 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
5 * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
8 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
11 #include <linux/sched.h>
12 #include <linux/highmem.h>
13 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
14 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
15 #include <linux/rmap.h>
16 #include <linux/swap.h>
17 #include <linux/shrinker.h>
18 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/khugepaged.h>
21 #include <linux/freezer.h>
22 #include <linux/mman.h>
23 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
24 #include <linux/migrate.h>
25 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
28 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
32 * By default transparent hugepage support is disabled in order that avoid
33 * to risk increase the memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
34 * benefit. When transparent hugepage support is enabled, is for all mappings,
35 * and khugepaged scans all mappings.
36 * Defrag is invoked by khugepaged hugepage allocations and by page faults
37 * for all hugepage allocations.
39 unsigned long transparent_hugepage_flags __read_mostly =
40 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
41 (1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG)|
43 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
44 (1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG)|
46 (1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_FLAG)|
47 (1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG)|
48 (1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
50 /* default scan 8*512 pte (or vmas) every 30 second */
51 static unsigned int khugepaged_pages_to_scan __read_mostly = HPAGE_PMD_NR*8;
52 static unsigned int khugepaged_pages_collapsed;
53 static unsigned int khugepaged_full_scans;
54 static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs __read_mostly = 10000;
55 /* during fragmentation poll the hugepage allocator once every minute */
56 static unsigned int khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs __read_mostly = 60000;
57 static struct task_struct *khugepaged_thread __read_mostly;
58 static DEFINE_MUTEX(khugepaged_mutex);
59 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(khugepaged_mm_lock);
60 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(khugepaged_wait);
62 * default collapse hugepages if there is at least one pte mapped like
63 * it would have happened if the vma was large enough during page
66 static unsigned int khugepaged_max_ptes_none __read_mostly = HPAGE_PMD_NR-1;
68 static int khugepaged(void *none);
69 static int khugepaged_slab_init(void);
71 #define MM_SLOTS_HASH_BITS 10
72 static __read_mostly DEFINE_HASHTABLE(mm_slots_hash, MM_SLOTS_HASH_BITS);
74 static struct kmem_cache *mm_slot_cache __read_mostly;
77 * struct mm_slot - hash lookup from mm to mm_slot
78 * @hash: hash collision list
79 * @mm_node: khugepaged scan list headed in khugepaged_scan.mm_head
80 * @mm: the mm that this information is valid for
83 struct hlist_node hash;
84 struct list_head mm_node;
89 * struct khugepaged_scan - cursor for scanning
90 * @mm_head: the head of the mm list to scan
91 * @mm_slot: the current mm_slot we are scanning
92 * @address: the next address inside that to be scanned
94 * There is only the one khugepaged_scan instance of this cursor structure.
96 struct khugepaged_scan {
97 struct list_head mm_head;
98 struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
99 unsigned long address;
101 static struct khugepaged_scan khugepaged_scan = {
102 .mm_head = LIST_HEAD_INIT(khugepaged_scan.mm_head),
106 static int set_recommended_min_free_kbytes(void)
110 unsigned long recommended_min;
112 if (!khugepaged_enabled())
115 for_each_populated_zone(zone)
118 /* Make sure at least 2 hugepages are free for MIGRATE_RESERVE */
119 recommended_min = pageblock_nr_pages * nr_zones * 2;
122 * Make sure that on average at least two pageblocks are almost free
123 * of another type, one for a migratetype to fall back to and a
124 * second to avoid subsequent fallbacks of other types There are 3
125 * MIGRATE_TYPES we care about.
127 recommended_min += pageblock_nr_pages * nr_zones *
128 MIGRATE_PCPTYPES * MIGRATE_PCPTYPES;
130 /* don't ever allow to reserve more than 5% of the lowmem */
131 recommended_min = min(recommended_min,
132 (unsigned long) nr_free_buffer_pages() / 20);
133 recommended_min <<= (PAGE_SHIFT-10);
135 if (recommended_min > min_free_kbytes) {
136 if (user_min_free_kbytes >= 0)
137 pr_info("raising min_free_kbytes from %d to %lu "
138 "to help transparent hugepage allocations\n",
139 min_free_kbytes, recommended_min);
141 min_free_kbytes = recommended_min;
143 setup_per_zone_wmarks();
146 late_initcall(set_recommended_min_free_kbytes);
148 static int start_khugepaged(void)
151 if (khugepaged_enabled()) {
152 if (!khugepaged_thread)
153 khugepaged_thread = kthread_run(khugepaged, NULL,
155 if (unlikely(IS_ERR(khugepaged_thread))) {
156 pr_err("khugepaged: kthread_run(khugepaged) failed\n");
157 err = PTR_ERR(khugepaged_thread);
158 khugepaged_thread = NULL;
161 if (!list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head))
162 wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
164 set_recommended_min_free_kbytes();
165 } else if (khugepaged_thread) {
166 kthread_stop(khugepaged_thread);
167 khugepaged_thread = NULL;
173 static atomic_t huge_zero_refcount;
174 struct page *huge_zero_page __read_mostly;
176 static inline bool is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
178 return is_huge_zero_page(pmd_page(pmd));
181 static struct page *get_huge_zero_page(void)
183 struct page *zero_page;
185 if (likely(atomic_inc_not_zero(&huge_zero_refcount)))
186 return ACCESS_ONCE(huge_zero_page);
188 zero_page = alloc_pages((GFP_TRANSHUGE | __GFP_ZERO) & ~__GFP_MOVABLE,
191 count_vm_event(THP_ZERO_PAGE_ALLOC_FAILED);
194 count_vm_event(THP_ZERO_PAGE_ALLOC);
196 if (cmpxchg(&huge_zero_page, NULL, zero_page)) {
198 __free_pages(zero_page, compound_order(zero_page));
202 /* We take additional reference here. It will be put back by shrinker */
203 atomic_set(&huge_zero_refcount, 2);
205 return ACCESS_ONCE(huge_zero_page);
208 static void put_huge_zero_page(void)
211 * Counter should never go to zero here. Only shrinker can put
214 BUG_ON(atomic_dec_and_test(&huge_zero_refcount));
217 static unsigned long shrink_huge_zero_page_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
218 struct shrink_control *sc)
220 /* we can free zero page only if last reference remains */
221 return atomic_read(&huge_zero_refcount) == 1 ? HPAGE_PMD_NR : 0;
224 static unsigned long shrink_huge_zero_page_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
225 struct shrink_control *sc)
227 if (atomic_cmpxchg(&huge_zero_refcount, 1, 0) == 1) {
228 struct page *zero_page = xchg(&huge_zero_page, NULL);
229 BUG_ON(zero_page == NULL);
230 __free_pages(zero_page, compound_order(zero_page));
237 static struct shrinker huge_zero_page_shrinker = {
238 .count_objects = shrink_huge_zero_page_count,
239 .scan_objects = shrink_huge_zero_page_scan,
240 .seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS,
245 static ssize_t double_flag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
246 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf,
247 enum transparent_hugepage_flag enabled,
248 enum transparent_hugepage_flag req_madv)
250 if (test_bit(enabled, &transparent_hugepage_flags)) {
251 VM_BUG_ON(test_bit(req_madv, &transparent_hugepage_flags));
252 return sprintf(buf, "[always] madvise never\n");
253 } else if (test_bit(req_madv, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
254 return sprintf(buf, "always [madvise] never\n");
256 return sprintf(buf, "always madvise [never]\n");
258 static ssize_t double_flag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
259 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
260 const char *buf, size_t count,
261 enum transparent_hugepage_flag enabled,
262 enum transparent_hugepage_flag req_madv)
264 if (!memcmp("always", buf,
265 min(sizeof("always")-1, count))) {
266 set_bit(enabled, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
267 clear_bit(req_madv, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
268 } else if (!memcmp("madvise", buf,
269 min(sizeof("madvise")-1, count))) {
270 clear_bit(enabled, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
271 set_bit(req_madv, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
272 } else if (!memcmp("never", buf,
273 min(sizeof("never")-1, count))) {
274 clear_bit(enabled, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
275 clear_bit(req_madv, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
282 static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
283 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
285 return double_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
286 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
287 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG);
289 static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj,
290 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
291 const char *buf, size_t count)
295 ret = double_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
296 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
297 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG);
302 mutex_lock(&khugepaged_mutex);
303 err = start_khugepaged();
304 mutex_unlock(&khugepaged_mutex);
312 static struct kobj_attribute enabled_attr =
313 __ATTR(enabled, 0644, enabled_show, enabled_store);
315 static ssize_t single_flag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
316 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf,
317 enum transparent_hugepage_flag flag)
319 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n",
320 !!test_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags));
323 static ssize_t single_flag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
324 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
325 const char *buf, size_t count,
326 enum transparent_hugepage_flag flag)
331 ret = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &value);
338 set_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
340 clear_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
346 * Currently defrag only disables __GFP_NOWAIT for allocation. A blind
347 * __GFP_REPEAT is too aggressive, it's never worth swapping tons of
348 * memory just to allocate one more hugepage.
350 static ssize_t defrag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
351 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
353 return double_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
354 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_FLAG,
355 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG);
357 static ssize_t defrag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
358 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
359 const char *buf, size_t count)
361 return double_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
362 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_FLAG,
363 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG);
365 static struct kobj_attribute defrag_attr =
366 __ATTR(defrag, 0644, defrag_show, defrag_store);
368 static ssize_t use_zero_page_show(struct kobject *kobj,
369 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
371 return single_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
372 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
374 static ssize_t use_zero_page_store(struct kobject *kobj,
375 struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
377 return single_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
378 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
380 static struct kobj_attribute use_zero_page_attr =
381 __ATTR(use_zero_page, 0644, use_zero_page_show, use_zero_page_store);
382 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM
383 static ssize_t debug_cow_show(struct kobject *kobj,
384 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
386 return single_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
387 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEBUG_COW_FLAG);
389 static ssize_t debug_cow_store(struct kobject *kobj,
390 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
391 const char *buf, size_t count)
393 return single_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
394 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEBUG_COW_FLAG);
396 static struct kobj_attribute debug_cow_attr =
397 __ATTR(debug_cow, 0644, debug_cow_show, debug_cow_store);
398 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_VM */
400 static struct attribute *hugepage_attr[] = {
403 &use_zero_page_attr.attr,
404 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM
405 &debug_cow_attr.attr,
410 static struct attribute_group hugepage_attr_group = {
411 .attrs = hugepage_attr,
414 static ssize_t scan_sleep_millisecs_show(struct kobject *kobj,
415 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
418 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs);
421 static ssize_t scan_sleep_millisecs_store(struct kobject *kobj,
422 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
423 const char *buf, size_t count)
428 err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &msecs);
429 if (err || msecs > UINT_MAX)
432 khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs = msecs;
433 wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
437 static struct kobj_attribute scan_sleep_millisecs_attr =
438 __ATTR(scan_sleep_millisecs, 0644, scan_sleep_millisecs_show,
439 scan_sleep_millisecs_store);
441 static ssize_t alloc_sleep_millisecs_show(struct kobject *kobj,
442 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
445 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs);
448 static ssize_t alloc_sleep_millisecs_store(struct kobject *kobj,
449 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
450 const char *buf, size_t count)
455 err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &msecs);
456 if (err || msecs > UINT_MAX)
459 khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs = msecs;
460 wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
464 static struct kobj_attribute alloc_sleep_millisecs_attr =
465 __ATTR(alloc_sleep_millisecs, 0644, alloc_sleep_millisecs_show,
466 alloc_sleep_millisecs_store);
468 static ssize_t pages_to_scan_show(struct kobject *kobj,
469 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
472 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_pages_to_scan);
474 static ssize_t pages_to_scan_store(struct kobject *kobj,
475 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
476 const char *buf, size_t count)
481 err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &pages);
482 if (err || !pages || pages > UINT_MAX)
485 khugepaged_pages_to_scan = pages;
489 static struct kobj_attribute pages_to_scan_attr =
490 __ATTR(pages_to_scan, 0644, pages_to_scan_show,
491 pages_to_scan_store);
493 static ssize_t pages_collapsed_show(struct kobject *kobj,
494 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
497 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_pages_collapsed);
499 static struct kobj_attribute pages_collapsed_attr =
500 __ATTR_RO(pages_collapsed);
502 static ssize_t full_scans_show(struct kobject *kobj,
503 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
506 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_full_scans);
508 static struct kobj_attribute full_scans_attr =
509 __ATTR_RO(full_scans);
511 static ssize_t khugepaged_defrag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
512 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
514 return single_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
515 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG);
517 static ssize_t khugepaged_defrag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
518 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
519 const char *buf, size_t count)
521 return single_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
522 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG);
524 static struct kobj_attribute khugepaged_defrag_attr =
525 __ATTR(defrag, 0644, khugepaged_defrag_show,
526 khugepaged_defrag_store);
529 * max_ptes_none controls if khugepaged should collapse hugepages over
530 * any unmapped ptes in turn potentially increasing the memory
531 * footprint of the vmas. When max_ptes_none is 0 khugepaged will not
532 * reduce the available free memory in the system as it
533 * runs. Increasing max_ptes_none will instead potentially reduce the
534 * free memory in the system during the khugepaged scan.
536 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_none_show(struct kobject *kobj,
537 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
540 return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_max_ptes_none);
542 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_none_store(struct kobject *kobj,
543 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
544 const char *buf, size_t count)
547 unsigned long max_ptes_none;
549 err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &max_ptes_none);
550 if (err || max_ptes_none > HPAGE_PMD_NR-1)
553 khugepaged_max_ptes_none = max_ptes_none;
557 static struct kobj_attribute khugepaged_max_ptes_none_attr =
558 __ATTR(max_ptes_none, 0644, khugepaged_max_ptes_none_show,
559 khugepaged_max_ptes_none_store);
561 static struct attribute *khugepaged_attr[] = {
562 &khugepaged_defrag_attr.attr,
563 &khugepaged_max_ptes_none_attr.attr,
564 &pages_to_scan_attr.attr,
565 &pages_collapsed_attr.attr,
566 &full_scans_attr.attr,
567 &scan_sleep_millisecs_attr.attr,
568 &alloc_sleep_millisecs_attr.attr,
572 static struct attribute_group khugepaged_attr_group = {
573 .attrs = khugepaged_attr,
574 .name = "khugepaged",
577 static int __init hugepage_init_sysfs(struct kobject **hugepage_kobj)
581 *hugepage_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("transparent_hugepage", mm_kobj);
582 if (unlikely(!*hugepage_kobj)) {
583 pr_err("failed to create transparent hugepage kobject\n");
587 err = sysfs_create_group(*hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
589 pr_err("failed to register transparent hugepage group\n");
593 err = sysfs_create_group(*hugepage_kobj, &khugepaged_attr_group);
595 pr_err("failed to register transparent hugepage group\n");
596 goto remove_hp_group;
602 sysfs_remove_group(*hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
604 kobject_put(*hugepage_kobj);
608 static void __init hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj)
610 sysfs_remove_group(hugepage_kobj, &khugepaged_attr_group);
611 sysfs_remove_group(hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
612 kobject_put(hugepage_kobj);
615 static inline int hugepage_init_sysfs(struct kobject **hugepage_kobj)
620 static inline void hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj)
623 #endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */
625 static int __init hugepage_init(void)
628 struct kobject *hugepage_kobj;
630 if (!has_transparent_hugepage()) {
631 transparent_hugepage_flags = 0;
635 err = hugepage_init_sysfs(&hugepage_kobj);
639 err = khugepaged_slab_init();
643 register_shrinker(&huge_zero_page_shrinker);
646 * By default disable transparent hugepages on smaller systems,
647 * where the extra memory used could hurt more than TLB overhead
648 * is likely to save. The admin can still enable it through /sys.
650 if (totalram_pages < (512 << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
651 transparent_hugepage_flags = 0;
657 hugepage_exit_sysfs(hugepage_kobj);
660 subsys_initcall(hugepage_init);
662 static int __init setup_transparent_hugepage(char *str)
667 if (!strcmp(str, "always")) {
668 set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
669 &transparent_hugepage_flags);
670 clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
671 &transparent_hugepage_flags);
673 } else if (!strcmp(str, "madvise")) {
674 clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
675 &transparent_hugepage_flags);
676 set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
677 &transparent_hugepage_flags);
679 } else if (!strcmp(str, "never")) {
680 clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
681 &transparent_hugepage_flags);
682 clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
683 &transparent_hugepage_flags);
688 pr_warn("transparent_hugepage= cannot parse, ignored\n");
691 __setup("transparent_hugepage=", setup_transparent_hugepage);
693 pmd_t maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_t pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
695 if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
696 pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd);
700 static inline pmd_t mk_huge_pmd(struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
703 entry = mk_pmd(page, prot);
704 entry = pmd_mkhuge(entry);
708 static int __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
709 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
710 unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd,
713 struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
717 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageCompound(page), page);
719 if (mem_cgroup_try_charge(page, mm, GFP_TRANSHUGE, &memcg))
722 pgtable = pte_alloc_one(mm, haddr);
723 if (unlikely(!pgtable)) {
724 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(page, memcg);
728 clear_huge_page(page, haddr, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
730 * The memory barrier inside __SetPageUptodate makes sure that
731 * clear_huge_page writes become visible before the set_pmd_at()
734 __SetPageUptodate(page);
736 ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
737 if (unlikely(!pmd_none(*pmd))) {
739 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(page, memcg);
741 pte_free(mm, pgtable);
744 entry = mk_huge_pmd(page, vma->vm_page_prot);
745 entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
746 page_add_new_anon_rmap(page, vma, haddr);
747 mem_cgroup_commit_charge(page, memcg, false);
748 lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable(page, vma);
749 pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
750 set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
751 add_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
752 atomic_long_inc(&mm->nr_ptes);
759 static inline gfp_t alloc_hugepage_gfpmask(int defrag, gfp_t extra_gfp)
761 return (GFP_TRANSHUGE & ~(defrag ? 0 : __GFP_WAIT)) | extra_gfp;
764 /* Caller must hold page table lock. */
765 static bool set_huge_zero_page(pgtable_t pgtable, struct mm_struct *mm,
766 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd,
767 struct page *zero_page)
772 entry = mk_pmd(zero_page, vma->vm_page_prot);
773 entry = pmd_mkhuge(entry);
774 pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
775 set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
776 atomic_long_inc(&mm->nr_ptes);
780 int do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
781 unsigned long address, pmd_t *pmd,
786 unsigned long haddr = address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
788 if (haddr < vma->vm_start || haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE > vma->vm_end)
789 return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
790 if (unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(vma)))
792 if (unlikely(khugepaged_enter(vma, vma->vm_flags)))
794 if (!(flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE) && !mm_forbids_zeropage(mm) &&
795 transparent_hugepage_use_zero_page()) {
798 struct page *zero_page;
800 pgtable = pte_alloc_one(mm, haddr);
801 if (unlikely(!pgtable))
803 zero_page = get_huge_zero_page();
804 if (unlikely(!zero_page)) {
805 pte_free(mm, pgtable);
806 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
807 return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
809 ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
810 set = set_huge_zero_page(pgtable, mm, vma, haddr, pmd,
814 pte_free(mm, pgtable);
815 put_huge_zero_page();
819 gfp = alloc_hugepage_gfpmask(transparent_hugepage_defrag(vma), 0);
820 page = alloc_hugepage_vma(gfp, vma, haddr, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
821 if (unlikely(!page)) {
822 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
823 return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
825 if (unlikely(__do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(mm, vma, haddr, pmd, page))) {
827 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
828 return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
831 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_ALLOC);
835 int copy_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
836 pmd_t *dst_pmd, pmd_t *src_pmd, unsigned long addr,
837 struct vm_area_struct *vma)
839 spinlock_t *dst_ptl, *src_ptl;
840 struct page *src_page;
846 pgtable = pte_alloc_one(dst_mm, addr);
847 if (unlikely(!pgtable))
850 dst_ptl = pmd_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd);
851 src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(src_mm, src_pmd);
852 spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
856 if (unlikely(!pmd_trans_huge(pmd))) {
857 pte_free(dst_mm, pgtable);
861 * When page table lock is held, the huge zero pmd should not be
862 * under splitting since we don't split the page itself, only pmd to
865 if (is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd)) {
866 struct page *zero_page;
869 * get_huge_zero_page() will never allocate a new page here,
870 * since we already have a zero page to copy. It just takes a
873 zero_page = get_huge_zero_page();
874 set = set_huge_zero_page(pgtable, dst_mm, vma, addr, dst_pmd,
876 BUG_ON(!set); /* unexpected !pmd_none(dst_pmd) */
881 if (unlikely(pmd_trans_splitting(pmd))) {
882 /* split huge page running from under us */
883 spin_unlock(src_ptl);
884 spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
885 pte_free(dst_mm, pgtable);
887 wait_split_huge_page(vma->anon_vma, src_pmd); /* src_vma */
890 src_page = pmd_page(pmd);
891 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(src_page), src_page);
893 page_dup_rmap(src_page);
894 add_mm_counter(dst_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
896 pmdp_set_wrprotect(src_mm, addr, src_pmd);
897 pmd = pmd_mkold(pmd_wrprotect(pmd));
898 pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(dst_mm, dst_pmd, pgtable);
899 set_pmd_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pmd, pmd);
900 atomic_long_inc(&dst_mm->nr_ptes);
904 spin_unlock(src_ptl);
905 spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
910 void huge_pmd_set_accessed(struct mm_struct *mm,
911 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
912 unsigned long address,
913 pmd_t *pmd, pmd_t orig_pmd,
920 ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
921 if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*pmd, orig_pmd)))
924 entry = pmd_mkyoung(orig_pmd);
925 haddr = address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
926 if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, haddr, pmd, entry, dirty))
927 update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
934 * Save CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC from faulting falsely on tail pages
935 * during copy_user_huge_page()'s copy_page_rep(): in the case when
936 * the source page gets split and a tail freed before copy completes.
937 * Called under pmd_lock of checked pmd, so safe from splitting itself.
939 static void get_user_huge_page(struct page *page)
941 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC)) {
942 struct page *endpage = page + HPAGE_PMD_NR;
944 atomic_add(HPAGE_PMD_NR, &page->_count);
945 while (++page < endpage)
946 get_huge_page_tail(page);
952 static void put_user_huge_page(struct page *page)
954 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC)) {
955 struct page *endpage = page + HPAGE_PMD_NR;
957 while (page < endpage)
964 static int do_huge_pmd_wp_page_fallback(struct mm_struct *mm,
965 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
966 unsigned long address,
967 pmd_t *pmd, pmd_t orig_pmd,
971 struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
977 unsigned long mmun_start; /* For mmu_notifiers */
978 unsigned long mmun_end; /* For mmu_notifiers */
980 pages = kmalloc(sizeof(struct page *) * HPAGE_PMD_NR,
982 if (unlikely(!pages)) {
987 for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++) {
988 pages[i] = alloc_page_vma_node(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE |
990 vma, address, page_to_nid(page));
991 if (unlikely(!pages[i] ||
992 mem_cgroup_try_charge(pages[i], mm, GFP_KERNEL,
997 memcg = (void *)page_private(pages[i]);
998 set_page_private(pages[i], 0);
999 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(pages[i], memcg);
1003 ret |= VM_FAULT_OOM;
1006 set_page_private(pages[i], (unsigned long)memcg);
1009 for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++) {
1010 copy_user_highpage(pages[i], page + i,
1011 haddr + PAGE_SIZE * i, vma);
1012 __SetPageUptodate(pages[i]);
1017 mmun_end = haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
1018 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1020 ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
1021 if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*pmd, orig_pmd)))
1022 goto out_free_pages;
1023 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
1025 pmdp_clear_flush_notify(vma, haddr, pmd);
1026 /* leave pmd empty until pte is filled */
1028 pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
1029 pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
1031 for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, haddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
1033 entry = mk_pte(pages[i], vma->vm_page_prot);
1034 entry = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1035 memcg = (void *)page_private(pages[i]);
1036 set_page_private(pages[i], 0);
1037 page_add_new_anon_rmap(pages[i], vma, haddr);
1038 mem_cgroup_commit_charge(pages[i], memcg, false);
1039 lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable(pages[i], vma);
1040 pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
1041 VM_BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte));
1042 set_pte_at(mm, haddr, pte, entry);
1047 smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
1048 pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1049 page_remove_rmap(page);
1052 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1054 ret |= VM_FAULT_WRITE;
1062 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1063 for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++) {
1064 memcg = (void *)page_private(pages[i]);
1065 set_page_private(pages[i], 0);
1066 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(pages[i], memcg);
1073 int do_huge_pmd_wp_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1074 unsigned long address, pmd_t *pmd, pmd_t orig_pmd)
1078 struct page *page = NULL, *new_page;
1079 struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
1080 unsigned long haddr;
1081 unsigned long mmun_start; /* For mmu_notifiers */
1082 unsigned long mmun_end; /* For mmu_notifiers */
1084 ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, pmd);
1085 VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!vma->anon_vma, vma);
1086 haddr = address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1087 if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd))
1090 if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*pmd, orig_pmd)))
1093 page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
1094 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageCompound(page) || !PageHead(page), page);
1095 if (page_mapcount(page) == 1) {
1097 entry = pmd_mkyoung(orig_pmd);
1098 entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1099 if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, haddr, pmd, entry, 1))
1100 update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
1101 ret |= VM_FAULT_WRITE;
1104 get_user_huge_page(page);
1107 if (transparent_hugepage_enabled(vma) &&
1108 !transparent_hugepage_debug_cow()) {
1111 gfp = alloc_hugepage_gfpmask(transparent_hugepage_defrag(vma), 0);
1112 new_page = alloc_hugepage_vma(gfp, vma, haddr, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
1116 if (unlikely(!new_page)) {
1118 split_huge_page_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
1119 ret |= VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1121 ret = do_huge_pmd_wp_page_fallback(mm, vma, address,
1122 pmd, orig_pmd, page, haddr);
1123 if (ret & VM_FAULT_OOM) {
1124 split_huge_page(page);
1125 ret |= VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1127 put_user_huge_page(page);
1129 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1133 if (unlikely(mem_cgroup_try_charge(new_page, mm,
1134 GFP_TRANSHUGE, &memcg))) {
1137 split_huge_page(page);
1138 put_user_huge_page(page);
1140 split_huge_page_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
1141 ret |= VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1142 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1146 count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_ALLOC);
1149 clear_huge_page(new_page, haddr, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1151 copy_user_huge_page(new_page, page, haddr, vma, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1152 __SetPageUptodate(new_page);
1155 mmun_end = haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
1156 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1160 put_user_huge_page(page);
1161 if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*pmd, orig_pmd))) {
1163 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(new_page, memcg);
1168 entry = mk_huge_pmd(new_page, vma->vm_page_prot);
1169 entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1170 pmdp_clear_flush_notify(vma, haddr, pmd);
1171 page_add_new_anon_rmap(new_page, vma, haddr);
1172 mem_cgroup_commit_charge(new_page, memcg, false);
1173 lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable(new_page, vma);
1174 set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
1175 update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
1177 add_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1178 put_huge_zero_page();
1180 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
1181 page_remove_rmap(page);
1184 ret |= VM_FAULT_WRITE;
1188 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1196 struct page *follow_trans_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1201 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1202 struct page *page = NULL;
1204 assert_spin_locked(pmd_lockptr(mm, pmd));
1206 if (flags & FOLL_WRITE && !pmd_write(*pmd))
1209 /* Avoid dumping huge zero page */
1210 if ((flags & FOLL_DUMP) && is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd))
1211 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
1213 /* Full NUMA hinting faults to serialise migration in fault paths */
1214 if ((flags & FOLL_NUMA) && pmd_protnone(*pmd))
1217 page = pmd_page(*pmd);
1218 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
1219 if (flags & FOLL_TOUCH) {
1222 * We should set the dirty bit only for FOLL_WRITE but
1223 * for now the dirty bit in the pmd is meaningless.
1224 * And if the dirty bit will become meaningful and
1225 * we'll only set it with FOLL_WRITE, an atomic
1226 * set_bit will be required on the pmd to set the
1227 * young bit, instead of the current set_pmd_at.
1229 _pmd = pmd_mkyoung(pmd_mkdirty(*pmd));
1230 if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK,
1232 update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1234 if ((flags & FOLL_POPULATE) && (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)) {
1235 if (page->mapping && trylock_page(page)) {
1238 mlock_vma_page(page);
1242 page += (addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1243 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageCompound(page), page);
1244 if (flags & FOLL_GET)
1245 get_page_foll(page);
1251 /* NUMA hinting page fault entry point for trans huge pmds */
1252 int do_huge_pmd_numa_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1253 unsigned long addr, pmd_t pmd, pmd_t *pmdp)
1256 struct anon_vma *anon_vma = NULL;
1258 unsigned long haddr = addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1259 int page_nid = -1, this_nid = numa_node_id();
1260 int target_nid, last_cpupid = -1;
1262 bool migrated = false;
1266 /* A PROT_NONE fault should not end up here */
1267 BUG_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_READ | VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE)));
1269 ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmdp);
1270 if (unlikely(!pmd_same(pmd, *pmdp)))
1274 * If there are potential migrations, wait for completion and retry
1275 * without disrupting NUMA hinting information. Do not relock and
1276 * check_same as the page may no longer be mapped.
1278 if (unlikely(pmd_trans_migrating(*pmdp))) {
1279 page = pmd_page(*pmdp);
1281 wait_on_page_locked(page);
1285 page = pmd_page(pmd);
1286 BUG_ON(is_huge_zero_page(page));
1287 page_nid = page_to_nid(page);
1288 last_cpupid = page_cpupid_last(page);
1289 count_vm_numa_event(NUMA_HINT_FAULTS);
1290 if (page_nid == this_nid) {
1291 count_vm_numa_event(NUMA_HINT_FAULTS_LOCAL);
1292 flags |= TNF_FAULT_LOCAL;
1295 /* See similar comment in do_numa_page for explanation */
1296 if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
1297 flags |= TNF_NO_GROUP;
1300 * Acquire the page lock to serialise THP migrations but avoid dropping
1301 * page_table_lock if at all possible
1303 page_locked = trylock_page(page);
1304 target_nid = mpol_misplaced(page, vma, haddr);
1305 if (target_nid == -1) {
1306 /* If the page was locked, there are no parallel migrations */
1311 /* Migration could have started since the pmd_trans_migrating check */
1314 wait_on_page_locked(page);
1320 * Page is misplaced. Page lock serialises migrations. Acquire anon_vma
1321 * to serialises splits
1325 anon_vma = page_lock_anon_vma_read(page);
1327 /* Confirm the PMD did not change while page_table_lock was released */
1329 if (unlikely(!pmd_same(pmd, *pmdp))) {
1336 /* Bail if we fail to protect against THP splits for any reason */
1337 if (unlikely(!anon_vma)) {
1344 * Migrate the THP to the requested node, returns with page unlocked
1345 * and access rights restored.
1348 migrated = migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page(mm, vma,
1349 pmdp, pmd, addr, page, target_nid);
1351 flags |= TNF_MIGRATED;
1352 page_nid = target_nid;
1354 flags |= TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL;
1358 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
1359 was_writable = pmd_write(pmd);
1360 pmd = pmd_modify(pmd, vma->vm_page_prot);
1361 pmd = pmd_mkyoung(pmd);
1363 pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd);
1364 set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pmdp, pmd);
1365 update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmdp);
1372 page_unlock_anon_vma_read(anon_vma);
1375 task_numa_fault(last_cpupid, page_nid, HPAGE_PMD_NR, flags);
1380 int zap_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1381 pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr)
1386 if (__pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma, &ptl) == 1) {
1391 * For architectures like ppc64 we look at deposited pgtable
1392 * when calling pmdp_get_and_clear. So do the
1393 * pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw after finishing pmdp related
1396 orig_pmd = pmdp_get_and_clear_full(tlb->mm, addr, pmd,
1398 tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
1399 pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(tlb->mm, pmd);
1400 if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd)) {
1401 atomic_long_dec(&tlb->mm->nr_ptes);
1403 put_huge_zero_page();
1405 page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
1406 page_remove_rmap(page);
1407 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_mapcount(page) < 0, page);
1408 add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, MM_ANONPAGES, -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1409 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
1410 atomic_long_dec(&tlb->mm->nr_ptes);
1412 tlb_remove_page(tlb, page);
1414 pte_free(tlb->mm, pgtable);
1420 int move_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct *new_vma,
1421 unsigned long old_addr,
1422 unsigned long new_addr, unsigned long old_end,
1423 pmd_t *old_pmd, pmd_t *new_pmd)
1425 spinlock_t *old_ptl, *new_ptl;
1429 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1431 if ((old_addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) ||
1432 (new_addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) ||
1433 old_end - old_addr < HPAGE_PMD_SIZE ||
1434 (new_vma->vm_flags & VM_NOHUGEPAGE))
1438 * The destination pmd shouldn't be established, free_pgtables()
1439 * should have release it.
1441 if (WARN_ON(!pmd_none(*new_pmd))) {
1442 VM_BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*new_pmd));
1447 * We don't have to worry about the ordering of src and dst
1448 * ptlocks because exclusive mmap_sem prevents deadlock.
1450 ret = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(old_pmd, vma, &old_ptl);
1452 new_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, new_pmd);
1453 if (new_ptl != old_ptl)
1454 spin_lock_nested(new_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1455 pmd = pmdp_get_and_clear(mm, old_addr, old_pmd);
1456 VM_BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*new_pmd));
1458 if (pmd_move_must_withdraw(new_ptl, old_ptl)) {
1460 pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, old_pmd);
1461 pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, new_pmd, pgtable);
1463 set_pmd_at(mm, new_addr, new_pmd, pmd_mksoft_dirty(pmd));
1464 if (new_ptl != old_ptl)
1465 spin_unlock(new_ptl);
1466 spin_unlock(old_ptl);
1474 * - 0 if PMD could not be locked
1475 * - 1 if PMD was locked but protections unchange and TLB flush unnecessary
1476 * - HPAGE_PMD_NR is protections changed and TLB flush necessary
1478 int change_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
1479 unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot, int prot_numa)
1481 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1485 if (__pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma, &ptl) == 1) {
1487 bool preserve_write = prot_numa && pmd_write(*pmd);
1491 * Avoid trapping faults against the zero page. The read-only
1492 * data is likely to be read-cached on the local CPU and
1493 * local/remote hits to the zero page are not interesting.
1495 if (prot_numa && is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd)) {
1500 if (!prot_numa || !pmd_protnone(*pmd)) {
1501 entry = pmdp_get_and_clear_notify(mm, addr, pmd);
1502 entry = pmd_modify(entry, newprot);
1504 entry = pmd_mkwrite(entry);
1506 set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, entry);
1507 BUG_ON(!preserve_write && pmd_write(entry));
1516 * Returns 1 if a given pmd maps a stable (not under splitting) thp.
1517 * Returns -1 if it maps a thp under splitting. Returns 0 otherwise.
1519 * Note that if it returns 1, this routine returns without unlocking page
1520 * table locks. So callers must unlock them.
1522 int __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd_t *pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1525 *ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd);
1526 if (likely(pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))) {
1527 if (unlikely(pmd_trans_splitting(*pmd))) {
1529 wait_split_huge_page(vma->anon_vma, pmd);
1532 /* Thp mapped by 'pmd' is stable, so we can
1533 * handle it as it is. */
1542 * This function returns whether a given @page is mapped onto the @address
1543 * in the virtual space of @mm.
1545 * When it's true, this function returns *pmd with holding the page table lock
1546 * and passing it back to the caller via @ptl.
1547 * If it's false, returns NULL without holding the page table lock.
1549 pmd_t *page_check_address_pmd(struct page *page,
1550 struct mm_struct *mm,
1551 unsigned long address,
1552 enum page_check_address_pmd_flag flag,
1559 if (address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK)
1562 pgd = pgd_offset(mm, address);
1563 if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
1565 pud = pud_offset(pgd, address);
1566 if (!pud_present(*pud))
1568 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, address);
1570 *ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
1571 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
1573 if (pmd_page(*pmd) != page)
1576 * split_vma() may create temporary aliased mappings. There is
1577 * no risk as long as all huge pmd are found and have their
1578 * splitting bit set before __split_huge_page_refcount
1579 * runs. Finding the same huge pmd more than once during the
1580 * same rmap walk is not a problem.
1582 if (flag == PAGE_CHECK_ADDRESS_PMD_NOTSPLITTING_FLAG &&
1583 pmd_trans_splitting(*pmd))
1585 if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)) {
1586 VM_BUG_ON(flag == PAGE_CHECK_ADDRESS_PMD_SPLITTING_FLAG &&
1587 !pmd_trans_splitting(*pmd));
1595 static int __split_huge_page_splitting(struct page *page,
1596 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1597 unsigned long address)
1599 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1603 /* For mmu_notifiers */
1604 const unsigned long mmun_start = address;
1605 const unsigned long mmun_end = address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
1607 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1608 pmd = page_check_address_pmd(page, mm, address,
1609 PAGE_CHECK_ADDRESS_PMD_NOTSPLITTING_FLAG, &ptl);
1612 * We can't temporarily set the pmd to null in order
1613 * to split it, the pmd must remain marked huge at all
1614 * times or the VM won't take the pmd_trans_huge paths
1615 * and it won't wait on the anon_vma->root->rwsem to
1616 * serialize against split_huge_page*.
1618 pmdp_splitting_flush(vma, address, pmd);
1623 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
1628 static void __split_huge_page_refcount(struct page *page,
1629 struct list_head *list)
1632 struct zone *zone = page_zone(page);
1633 struct lruvec *lruvec;
1636 /* prevent PageLRU to go away from under us, and freeze lru stats */
1637 spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1638 lruvec = mem_cgroup_page_lruvec(page, zone);
1640 compound_lock(page);
1641 /* complete memcg works before add pages to LRU */
1642 mem_cgroup_split_huge_fixup(page);
1644 for (i = HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
1645 struct page *page_tail = page + i;
1647 /* tail_page->_mapcount cannot change */
1648 BUG_ON(page_mapcount(page_tail) < 0);
1649 tail_count += page_mapcount(page_tail);
1650 /* check for overflow */
1651 BUG_ON(tail_count < 0);
1652 BUG_ON(atomic_read(&page_tail->_count) != 0);
1654 * tail_page->_count is zero and not changing from
1655 * under us. But get_page_unless_zero() may be running
1656 * from under us on the tail_page. If we used
1657 * atomic_set() below instead of atomic_add(), we
1658 * would then run atomic_set() concurrently with
1659 * get_page_unless_zero(), and atomic_set() is
1660 * implemented in C not using locked ops. spin_unlock
1661 * on x86 sometime uses locked ops because of PPro
1662 * errata 66, 92, so unless somebody can guarantee
1663 * atomic_set() here would be safe on all archs (and
1664 * not only on x86), it's safer to use atomic_add().
1666 atomic_add(page_mapcount(page) + page_mapcount(page_tail) + 1,
1667 &page_tail->_count);
1669 /* after clearing PageTail the gup refcount can be released */
1670 smp_mb__after_atomic();
1673 * retain hwpoison flag of the poisoned tail page:
1674 * fix for the unsuitable process killed on Guest Machine(KVM)
1675 * by the memory-failure.
1677 page_tail->flags &= ~PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP | __PG_HWPOISON;
1678 page_tail->flags |= (page->flags &
1679 ((1L << PG_referenced) |
1680 (1L << PG_swapbacked) |
1681 (1L << PG_mlocked) |
1682 (1L << PG_uptodate) |
1684 (1L << PG_unevictable)));
1685 page_tail->flags |= (1L << PG_dirty);
1687 /* clear PageTail before overwriting first_page */
1691 * __split_huge_page_splitting() already set the
1692 * splitting bit in all pmd that could map this
1693 * hugepage, that will ensure no CPU can alter the
1694 * mapcount on the head page. The mapcount is only
1695 * accounted in the head page and it has to be
1696 * transferred to all tail pages in the below code. So
1697 * for this code to be safe, the split the mapcount
1698 * can't change. But that doesn't mean userland can't
1699 * keep changing and reading the page contents while
1700 * we transfer the mapcount, so the pmd splitting
1701 * status is achieved setting a reserved bit in the
1702 * pmd, not by clearing the present bit.
1704 page_tail->_mapcount = page->_mapcount;
1706 BUG_ON(page_tail->mapping);
1707 page_tail->mapping = page->mapping;
1709 page_tail->index = page->index + i;
1710 page_cpupid_xchg_last(page_tail, page_cpupid_last(page));
1712 BUG_ON(!PageAnon(page_tail));
1713 BUG_ON(!PageUptodate(page_tail));
1714 BUG_ON(!PageDirty(page_tail));
1715 BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page_tail));
1717 lru_add_page_tail(page, page_tail, lruvec, list);
1719 atomic_sub(tail_count, &page->_count);
1720 BUG_ON(atomic_read(&page->_count) <= 0);
1722 __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ANON_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGES, -1);
1724 ClearPageCompound(page);
1725 compound_unlock(page);
1726 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1728 for (i = 1; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++) {
1729 struct page *page_tail = page + i;
1730 BUG_ON(page_count(page_tail) <= 0);
1732 * Tail pages may be freed if there wasn't any mapping
1733 * like if add_to_swap() is running on a lru page that
1734 * had its mapping zapped. And freeing these pages
1735 * requires taking the lru_lock so we do the put_page
1736 * of the tail pages after the split is complete.
1738 put_page(page_tail);
1742 * Only the head page (now become a regular page) is required
1743 * to be pinned by the caller.
1745 BUG_ON(page_count(page) <= 0);
1748 static int __split_huge_page_map(struct page *page,
1749 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1750 unsigned long address)
1752 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1757 unsigned long haddr;
1759 pmd = page_check_address_pmd(page, mm, address,
1760 PAGE_CHECK_ADDRESS_PMD_SPLITTING_FLAG, &ptl);
1762 pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
1763 pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
1764 if (pmd_write(*pmd))
1765 BUG_ON(page_mapcount(page) != 1);
1768 for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, haddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
1770 BUG_ON(PageCompound(page+i));
1772 * Note that NUMA hinting access restrictions are not
1773 * transferred to avoid any possibility of altering
1774 * permissions across VMAs.
1776 entry = mk_pte(page + i, vma->vm_page_prot);
1777 entry = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1778 if (!pmd_write(*pmd))
1779 entry = pte_wrprotect(entry);
1780 if (!pmd_young(*pmd))
1781 entry = pte_mkold(entry);
1782 pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
1783 BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte));
1784 set_pte_at(mm, haddr, pte, entry);
1788 smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
1790 * Up to this point the pmd is present and huge and
1791 * userland has the whole access to the hugepage
1792 * during the split (which happens in place). If we
1793 * overwrite the pmd with the not-huge version
1794 * pointing to the pte here (which of course we could
1795 * if all CPUs were bug free), userland could trigger
1796 * a small page size TLB miss on the small sized TLB
1797 * while the hugepage TLB entry is still established
1798 * in the huge TLB. Some CPU doesn't like that. See
1799 * http://support.amd.com/us/Processor_TechDocs/41322.pdf,
1800 * Erratum 383 on page 93. Intel should be safe but is
1801 * also warns that it's only safe if the permission
1802 * and cache attributes of the two entries loaded in
1803 * the two TLB is identical (which should be the case
1804 * here). But it is generally safer to never allow
1805 * small and huge TLB entries for the same virtual
1806 * address to be loaded simultaneously. So instead of
1807 * doing "pmd_populate(); flush_tlb_range();" we first
1808 * mark the current pmd notpresent (atomically because
1809 * here the pmd_trans_huge and pmd_trans_splitting
1810 * must remain set at all times on the pmd until the
1811 * split is complete for this pmd), then we flush the
1812 * SMP TLB and finally we write the non-huge version
1813 * of the pmd entry with pmd_populate.
1815 pmdp_invalidate(vma, address, pmd);
1816 pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1824 /* must be called with anon_vma->root->rwsem held */
1825 static void __split_huge_page(struct page *page,
1826 struct anon_vma *anon_vma,
1827 struct list_head *list)
1829 int mapcount, mapcount2;
1830 pgoff_t pgoff = page->index << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
1831 struct anon_vma_chain *avc;
1833 BUG_ON(!PageHead(page));
1834 BUG_ON(PageTail(page));
1837 anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach(avc, &anon_vma->rb_root, pgoff, pgoff) {
1838 struct vm_area_struct *vma = avc->vma;
1839 unsigned long addr = vma_address(page, vma);
1840 BUG_ON(is_vma_temporary_stack(vma));
1841 mapcount += __split_huge_page_splitting(page, vma, addr);
1844 * It is critical that new vmas are added to the tail of the
1845 * anon_vma list. This guarantes that if copy_huge_pmd() runs
1846 * and establishes a child pmd before
1847 * __split_huge_page_splitting() freezes the parent pmd (so if
1848 * we fail to prevent copy_huge_pmd() from running until the
1849 * whole __split_huge_page() is complete), we will still see
1850 * the newly established pmd of the child later during the
1851 * walk, to be able to set it as pmd_trans_splitting too.
1853 if (mapcount != page_mapcount(page)) {
1854 pr_err("mapcount %d page_mapcount %d\n",
1855 mapcount, page_mapcount(page));
1859 __split_huge_page_refcount(page, list);
1862 anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach(avc, &anon_vma->rb_root, pgoff, pgoff) {
1863 struct vm_area_struct *vma = avc->vma;
1864 unsigned long addr = vma_address(page, vma);
1865 BUG_ON(is_vma_temporary_stack(vma));
1866 mapcount2 += __split_huge_page_map(page, vma, addr);
1868 if (mapcount != mapcount2) {
1869 pr_err("mapcount %d mapcount2 %d page_mapcount %d\n",
1870 mapcount, mapcount2, page_mapcount(page));
1876 * Split a hugepage into normal pages. This doesn't change the position of head
1877 * page. If @list is null, tail pages will be added to LRU list, otherwise, to
1878 * @list. Both head page and tail pages will inherit mapping, flags, and so on
1879 * from the hugepage.
1880 * Return 0 if the hugepage is split successfully otherwise return 1.
1882 int split_huge_page_to_list(struct page *page, struct list_head *list)
1884 struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
1887 BUG_ON(is_huge_zero_page(page));
1888 BUG_ON(!PageAnon(page));
1891 * The caller does not necessarily hold an mmap_sem that would prevent
1892 * the anon_vma disappearing so we first we take a reference to it
1893 * and then lock the anon_vma for write. This is similar to
1894 * page_lock_anon_vma_read except the write lock is taken to serialise
1895 * against parallel split or collapse operations.
1897 anon_vma = page_get_anon_vma(page);
1900 anon_vma_lock_write(anon_vma);
1903 if (!PageCompound(page))
1906 BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page));
1907 __split_huge_page(page, anon_vma, list);
1908 count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT);
1910 BUG_ON(PageCompound(page));
1912 anon_vma_unlock_write(anon_vma);
1913 put_anon_vma(anon_vma);
1918 #define VM_NO_THP (VM_SPECIAL | VM_HUGETLB | VM_SHARED | VM_MAYSHARE)
1920 int hugepage_madvise(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1921 unsigned long *vm_flags, int advice)
1927 * qemu blindly sets MADV_HUGEPAGE on all allocations, but s390
1928 * can't handle this properly after s390_enable_sie, so we simply
1929 * ignore the madvise to prevent qemu from causing a SIGSEGV.
1931 if (mm_has_pgste(vma->vm_mm))
1935 * Be somewhat over-protective like KSM for now!
1937 if (*vm_flags & (VM_HUGEPAGE | VM_NO_THP))
1939 *vm_flags &= ~VM_NOHUGEPAGE;
1940 *vm_flags |= VM_HUGEPAGE;
1942 * If the vma become good for khugepaged to scan,
1943 * register it here without waiting a page fault that
1944 * may not happen any time soon.
1946 if (unlikely(khugepaged_enter_vma_merge(vma, *vm_flags)))
1949 case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
1951 * Be somewhat over-protective like KSM for now!
1953 if (*vm_flags & (VM_NOHUGEPAGE | VM_NO_THP))
1955 *vm_flags &= ~VM_HUGEPAGE;
1956 *vm_flags |= VM_NOHUGEPAGE;
1958 * Setting VM_NOHUGEPAGE will prevent khugepaged from scanning
1959 * this vma even if we leave the mm registered in khugepaged if
1960 * it got registered before VM_NOHUGEPAGE was set.
1968 static int __init khugepaged_slab_init(void)
1970 mm_slot_cache = kmem_cache_create("khugepaged_mm_slot",
1971 sizeof(struct mm_slot),
1972 __alignof__(struct mm_slot), 0, NULL);
1979 static inline struct mm_slot *alloc_mm_slot(void)
1981 if (!mm_slot_cache) /* initialization failed */
1983 return kmem_cache_zalloc(mm_slot_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
1986 static inline void free_mm_slot(struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
1988 kmem_cache_free(mm_slot_cache, mm_slot);
1991 static struct mm_slot *get_mm_slot(struct mm_struct *mm)
1993 struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
1995 hash_for_each_possible(mm_slots_hash, mm_slot, hash, (unsigned long)mm)
1996 if (mm == mm_slot->mm)
2002 static void insert_to_mm_slots_hash(struct mm_struct *mm,
2003 struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
2006 hash_add(mm_slots_hash, &mm_slot->hash, (long)mm);
2009 static inline int khugepaged_test_exit(struct mm_struct *mm)
2011 return atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) == 0;
2014 int __khugepaged_enter(struct mm_struct *mm)
2016 struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
2019 mm_slot = alloc_mm_slot();
2023 /* __khugepaged_exit() must not run from under us */
2024 VM_BUG_ON_MM(khugepaged_test_exit(mm), mm);
2025 if (unlikely(test_and_set_bit(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, &mm->flags))) {
2026 free_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2030 spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2031 insert_to_mm_slots_hash(mm, mm_slot);
2033 * Insert just behind the scanning cursor, to let the area settle
2036 wakeup = list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head);
2037 list_add_tail(&mm_slot->mm_node, &khugepaged_scan.mm_head);
2038 spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2040 atomic_inc(&mm->mm_count);
2042 wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
2047 int khugepaged_enter_vma_merge(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2048 unsigned long vm_flags)
2050 unsigned long hstart, hend;
2053 * Not yet faulted in so we will register later in the
2054 * page fault if needed.
2058 /* khugepaged not yet working on file or special mappings */
2060 VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vm_flags & VM_NO_THP, vma);
2061 hstart = (vma->vm_start + ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2062 hend = vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2064 return khugepaged_enter(vma, vm_flags);
2068 void __khugepaged_exit(struct mm_struct *mm)
2070 struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
2073 spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2074 mm_slot = get_mm_slot(mm);
2075 if (mm_slot && khugepaged_scan.mm_slot != mm_slot) {
2076 hash_del(&mm_slot->hash);
2077 list_del(&mm_slot->mm_node);
2080 spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2083 clear_bit(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, &mm->flags);
2084 free_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2086 } else if (mm_slot) {
2088 * This is required to serialize against
2089 * khugepaged_test_exit() (which is guaranteed to run
2090 * under mmap sem read mode). Stop here (after we
2091 * return all pagetables will be destroyed) until
2092 * khugepaged has finished working on the pagetables
2093 * under the mmap_sem.
2095 down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
2096 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
2100 static void release_pte_page(struct page *page)
2102 /* 0 stands for page_is_file_cache(page) == false */
2103 dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_ISOLATED_ANON + 0);
2105 putback_lru_page(page);
2108 static void release_pte_pages(pte_t *pte, pte_t *_pte)
2110 while (--_pte >= pte) {
2111 pte_t pteval = *_pte;
2112 if (!pte_none(pteval) && !is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval)))
2113 release_pte_page(pte_page(pteval));
2117 static int __collapse_huge_page_isolate(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2118 unsigned long address,
2123 int none_or_zero = 0;
2124 bool referenced = false, writable = false;
2125 for (_pte = pte; _pte < pte+HPAGE_PMD_NR;
2126 _pte++, address += PAGE_SIZE) {
2127 pte_t pteval = *_pte;
2128 if (pte_none(pteval) || is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
2129 if (++none_or_zero <= khugepaged_max_ptes_none)
2134 if (!pte_present(pteval))
2136 page = vm_normal_page(vma, address, pteval);
2137 if (unlikely(!page))
2140 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageCompound(page), page);
2141 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageAnon(page), page);
2142 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageSwapBacked(page), page);
2145 * We can do it before isolate_lru_page because the
2146 * page can't be freed from under us. NOTE: PG_lock
2147 * is needed to serialize against split_huge_page
2148 * when invoked from the VM.
2150 if (!trylock_page(page))
2154 * cannot use mapcount: can't collapse if there's a gup pin.
2155 * The page must only be referenced by the scanned process
2156 * and page swap cache.
2158 if (page_count(page) != 1 + !!PageSwapCache(page)) {
2162 if (pte_write(pteval)) {
2165 if (PageSwapCache(page) && !reuse_swap_page(page)) {
2170 * Page is not in the swap cache. It can be collapsed
2176 * Isolate the page to avoid collapsing an hugepage
2177 * currently in use by the VM.
2179 if (isolate_lru_page(page)) {
2183 /* 0 stands for page_is_file_cache(page) == false */
2184 inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_ISOLATED_ANON + 0);
2185 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
2186 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
2188 /* If there is no mapped pte young don't collapse the page */
2189 if (pte_young(pteval) || PageReferenced(page) ||
2190 mmu_notifier_test_young(vma->vm_mm, address))
2193 if (likely(referenced && writable))
2196 release_pte_pages(pte, _pte);
2200 static void __collapse_huge_page_copy(pte_t *pte, struct page *page,
2201 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2202 unsigned long address,
2206 for (_pte = pte; _pte < pte+HPAGE_PMD_NR; _pte++) {
2207 pte_t pteval = *_pte;
2208 struct page *src_page;
2210 if (pte_none(pteval) || is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
2211 clear_user_highpage(page, address);
2212 add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, 1);
2213 if (is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
2215 * ptl mostly unnecessary.
2219 * paravirt calls inside pte_clear here are
2222 pte_clear(vma->vm_mm, address, _pte);
2226 src_page = pte_page(pteval);
2227 copy_user_highpage(page, src_page, address, vma);
2228 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_mapcount(src_page) != 1, src_page);
2229 release_pte_page(src_page);
2231 * ptl mostly unnecessary, but preempt has to
2232 * be disabled to update the per-cpu stats
2233 * inside page_remove_rmap().
2237 * paravirt calls inside pte_clear here are
2240 pte_clear(vma->vm_mm, address, _pte);
2241 page_remove_rmap(src_page);
2243 free_page_and_swap_cache(src_page);
2246 address += PAGE_SIZE;
2251 static void khugepaged_alloc_sleep(void)
2253 wait_event_freezable_timeout(khugepaged_wait, false,
2254 msecs_to_jiffies(khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs));
2257 static int khugepaged_node_load[MAX_NUMNODES];
2259 static bool khugepaged_scan_abort(int nid)
2264 * If zone_reclaim_mode is disabled, then no extra effort is made to
2265 * allocate memory locally.
2267 if (!zone_reclaim_mode)
2270 /* If there is a count for this node already, it must be acceptable */
2271 if (khugepaged_node_load[nid])
2274 for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++) {
2275 if (!khugepaged_node_load[i])
2277 if (node_distance(nid, i) > RECLAIM_DISTANCE)
2284 static int khugepaged_find_target_node(void)
2286 static int last_khugepaged_target_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
2287 int nid, target_node = 0, max_value = 0;
2289 /* find first node with max normal pages hit */
2290 for (nid = 0; nid < MAX_NUMNODES; nid++)
2291 if (khugepaged_node_load[nid] > max_value) {
2292 max_value = khugepaged_node_load[nid];
2296 /* do some balance if several nodes have the same hit record */
2297 if (target_node <= last_khugepaged_target_node)
2298 for (nid = last_khugepaged_target_node + 1; nid < MAX_NUMNODES;
2300 if (max_value == khugepaged_node_load[nid]) {
2305 last_khugepaged_target_node = target_node;
2309 static bool khugepaged_prealloc_page(struct page **hpage, bool *wait)
2311 if (IS_ERR(*hpage)) {
2317 khugepaged_alloc_sleep();
2318 } else if (*hpage) {
2327 *khugepaged_alloc_page(struct page **hpage, struct mm_struct *mm,
2328 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
2333 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(*hpage, *hpage);
2335 /* Only allocate from the target node */
2336 flags = alloc_hugepage_gfpmask(khugepaged_defrag(), __GFP_OTHER_NODE) |
2340 * Before allocating the hugepage, release the mmap_sem read lock.
2341 * The allocation can take potentially a long time if it involves
2342 * sync compaction, and we do not need to hold the mmap_sem during
2343 * that. We will recheck the vma after taking it again in write mode.
2345 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
2347 *hpage = alloc_pages_exact_node(node, flags, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
2348 if (unlikely(!*hpage)) {
2349 count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC_FAILED);
2350 *hpage = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
2354 count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
2358 static int khugepaged_find_target_node(void)
2363 static inline struct page *alloc_hugepage(int defrag)
2365 return alloc_pages(alloc_hugepage_gfpmask(defrag, 0),
2369 static struct page *khugepaged_alloc_hugepage(bool *wait)
2374 hpage = alloc_hugepage(khugepaged_defrag());
2376 count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC_FAILED);
2381 khugepaged_alloc_sleep();
2383 count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
2384 } while (unlikely(!hpage) && likely(khugepaged_enabled()));
2389 static bool khugepaged_prealloc_page(struct page **hpage, bool *wait)
2392 *hpage = khugepaged_alloc_hugepage(wait);
2394 if (unlikely(!*hpage))
2401 *khugepaged_alloc_page(struct page **hpage, struct mm_struct *mm,
2402 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
2405 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
2411 static bool hugepage_vma_check(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2413 if ((!(vma->vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE) && !khugepaged_always()) ||
2414 (vma->vm_flags & VM_NOHUGEPAGE))
2417 if (!vma->anon_vma || vma->vm_ops)
2419 if (is_vma_temporary_stack(vma))
2421 VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_flags & VM_NO_THP, vma);
2425 static void collapse_huge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
2426 unsigned long address,
2427 struct page **hpage,
2428 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2434 struct page *new_page;
2435 spinlock_t *pmd_ptl, *pte_ptl;
2437 unsigned long hstart, hend;
2438 struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
2439 unsigned long mmun_start; /* For mmu_notifiers */
2440 unsigned long mmun_end; /* For mmu_notifiers */
2442 VM_BUG_ON(address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
2444 /* release the mmap_sem read lock. */
2445 new_page = khugepaged_alloc_page(hpage, mm, vma, address, node);
2449 if (unlikely(mem_cgroup_try_charge(new_page, mm,
2450 GFP_TRANSHUGE, &memcg)))
2454 * Prevent all access to pagetables with the exception of
2455 * gup_fast later hanlded by the ptep_clear_flush and the VM
2456 * handled by the anon_vma lock + PG_lock.
2458 down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
2459 if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
2462 vma = find_vma(mm, address);
2465 hstart = (vma->vm_start + ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2466 hend = vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2467 if (address < hstart || address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE > hend)
2469 if (!hugepage_vma_check(vma))
2471 pmd = mm_find_pmd(mm, address);
2475 anon_vma_lock_write(vma->anon_vma);
2477 pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, address);
2478 pte_ptl = pte_lockptr(mm, pmd);
2480 mmun_start = address;
2481 mmun_end = address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
2482 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
2483 pmd_ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd); /* probably unnecessary */
2485 * After this gup_fast can't run anymore. This also removes
2486 * any huge TLB entry from the CPU so we won't allow
2487 * huge and small TLB entries for the same virtual address
2488 * to avoid the risk of CPU bugs in that area.
2490 _pmd = pmdp_clear_flush(vma, address, pmd);
2491 spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
2492 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
2495 isolated = __collapse_huge_page_isolate(vma, address, pte);
2496 spin_unlock(pte_ptl);
2498 if (unlikely(!isolated)) {
2501 BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*pmd));
2503 * We can only use set_pmd_at when establishing
2504 * hugepmds and never for establishing regular pmds that
2505 * points to regular pagetables. Use pmd_populate for that
2507 pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pmd_pgtable(_pmd));
2508 spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
2509 anon_vma_unlock_write(vma->anon_vma);
2514 * All pages are isolated and locked so anon_vma rmap
2515 * can't run anymore.
2517 anon_vma_unlock_write(vma->anon_vma);
2519 __collapse_huge_page_copy(pte, new_page, vma, address, pte_ptl);
2521 __SetPageUptodate(new_page);
2522 pgtable = pmd_pgtable(_pmd);
2524 _pmd = mk_huge_pmd(new_page, vma->vm_page_prot);
2525 _pmd = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(_pmd), vma);
2528 * spin_lock() below is not the equivalent of smp_wmb(), so
2529 * this is needed to avoid the copy_huge_page writes to become
2530 * visible after the set_pmd_at() write.
2535 BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*pmd));
2536 page_add_new_anon_rmap(new_page, vma, address);
2537 mem_cgroup_commit_charge(new_page, memcg, false);
2538 lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable(new_page, vma);
2539 pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
2540 set_pmd_at(mm, address, pmd, _pmd);
2541 update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
2542 spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
2546 khugepaged_pages_collapsed++;
2548 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
2552 mem_cgroup_cancel_charge(new_page, memcg);
2556 static int khugepaged_scan_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm,
2557 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2558 unsigned long address,
2559 struct page **hpage)
2563 int ret = 0, none_or_zero = 0;
2565 unsigned long _address;
2567 int node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
2568 bool writable = false, referenced = false;
2570 VM_BUG_ON(address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
2572 pmd = mm_find_pmd(mm, address);
2576 memset(khugepaged_node_load, 0, sizeof(khugepaged_node_load));
2577 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, &ptl);
2578 for (_address = address, _pte = pte; _pte < pte+HPAGE_PMD_NR;
2579 _pte++, _address += PAGE_SIZE) {
2580 pte_t pteval = *_pte;
2581 if (pte_none(pteval) || is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
2582 if (++none_or_zero <= khugepaged_max_ptes_none)
2587 if (!pte_present(pteval))
2589 if (pte_write(pteval))
2592 page = vm_normal_page(vma, _address, pteval);
2593 if (unlikely(!page))
2596 * Record which node the original page is from and save this
2597 * information to khugepaged_node_load[].
2598 * Khupaged will allocate hugepage from the node has the max
2601 node = page_to_nid(page);
2602 if (khugepaged_scan_abort(node))
2604 khugepaged_node_load[node]++;
2605 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageCompound(page), page);
2606 if (!PageLRU(page) || PageLocked(page) || !PageAnon(page))
2609 * cannot use mapcount: can't collapse if there's a gup pin.
2610 * The page must only be referenced by the scanned process
2611 * and page swap cache.
2613 if (page_count(page) != 1 + !!PageSwapCache(page))
2615 if (pte_young(pteval) || PageReferenced(page) ||
2616 mmu_notifier_test_young(vma->vm_mm, address))
2619 if (referenced && writable)
2622 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
2624 node = khugepaged_find_target_node();
2625 /* collapse_huge_page will return with the mmap_sem released */
2626 collapse_huge_page(mm, address, hpage, vma, node);
2632 static void collect_mm_slot(struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
2634 struct mm_struct *mm = mm_slot->mm;
2636 VM_BUG_ON(NR_CPUS != 1 && !spin_is_locked(&khugepaged_mm_lock));
2638 if (khugepaged_test_exit(mm)) {
2640 hash_del(&mm_slot->hash);
2641 list_del(&mm_slot->mm_node);
2644 * Not strictly needed because the mm exited already.
2646 * clear_bit(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, &mm->flags);
2649 /* khugepaged_mm_lock actually not necessary for the below */
2650 free_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2655 static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int pages,
2656 struct page **hpage)
2657 __releases(&khugepaged_mm_lock)
2658 __acquires(&khugepaged_mm_lock)
2660 struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
2661 struct mm_struct *mm;
2662 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
2666 VM_BUG_ON(NR_CPUS != 1 && !spin_is_locked(&khugepaged_mm_lock));
2668 if (khugepaged_scan.mm_slot)
2669 mm_slot = khugepaged_scan.mm_slot;
2671 mm_slot = list_entry(khugepaged_scan.mm_head.next,
2672 struct mm_slot, mm_node);
2673 khugepaged_scan.address = 0;
2674 khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = mm_slot;
2676 spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2679 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
2680 if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
2683 vma = find_vma(mm, khugepaged_scan.address);
2686 for (; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
2687 unsigned long hstart, hend;
2690 if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm))) {
2694 if (!hugepage_vma_check(vma)) {
2699 hstart = (vma->vm_start + ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2700 hend = vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2703 if (khugepaged_scan.address > hend)
2705 if (khugepaged_scan.address < hstart)
2706 khugepaged_scan.address = hstart;
2707 VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
2709 while (khugepaged_scan.address < hend) {
2712 if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
2713 goto breakouterloop;
2715 VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.address < hstart ||
2716 khugepaged_scan.address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE >
2718 ret = khugepaged_scan_pmd(mm, vma,
2719 khugepaged_scan.address,
2721 /* move to next address */
2722 khugepaged_scan.address += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
2723 progress += HPAGE_PMD_NR;
2725 /* we released mmap_sem so break loop */
2726 goto breakouterloop_mmap_sem;
2727 if (progress >= pages)
2728 goto breakouterloop;
2732 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem); /* exit_mmap will destroy ptes after this */
2733 breakouterloop_mmap_sem:
2735 spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2736 VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.mm_slot != mm_slot);
2738 * Release the current mm_slot if this mm is about to die, or
2739 * if we scanned all vmas of this mm.
2741 if (khugepaged_test_exit(mm) || !vma) {
2743 * Make sure that if mm_users is reaching zero while
2744 * khugepaged runs here, khugepaged_exit will find
2745 * mm_slot not pointing to the exiting mm.
2747 if (mm_slot->mm_node.next != &khugepaged_scan.mm_head) {
2748 khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = list_entry(
2749 mm_slot->mm_node.next,
2750 struct mm_slot, mm_node);
2751 khugepaged_scan.address = 0;
2753 khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = NULL;
2754 khugepaged_full_scans++;
2757 collect_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2763 static int khugepaged_has_work(void)
2765 return !list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head) &&
2766 khugepaged_enabled();
2769 static int khugepaged_wait_event(void)
2771 return !list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head) ||
2772 kthread_should_stop();
2775 static void khugepaged_do_scan(void)
2777 struct page *hpage = NULL;
2778 unsigned int progress = 0, pass_through_head = 0;
2779 unsigned int pages = khugepaged_pages_to_scan;
2782 barrier(); /* write khugepaged_pages_to_scan to local stack */
2784 while (progress < pages) {
2785 if (!khugepaged_prealloc_page(&hpage, &wait))
2790 if (unlikely(kthread_should_stop() || freezing(current)))
2793 spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2794 if (!khugepaged_scan.mm_slot)
2795 pass_through_head++;
2796 if (khugepaged_has_work() &&
2797 pass_through_head < 2)
2798 progress += khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(pages - progress,
2802 spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2805 if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(hpage))
2809 static void khugepaged_wait_work(void)
2813 if (khugepaged_has_work()) {
2814 if (!khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs)
2817 wait_event_freezable_timeout(khugepaged_wait,
2818 kthread_should_stop(),
2819 msecs_to_jiffies(khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs));
2823 if (khugepaged_enabled())
2824 wait_event_freezable(khugepaged_wait, khugepaged_wait_event());
2827 static int khugepaged(void *none)
2829 struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
2832 set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2834 while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
2835 khugepaged_do_scan();
2836 khugepaged_wait_work();
2839 spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2840 mm_slot = khugepaged_scan.mm_slot;
2841 khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = NULL;
2843 collect_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2844 spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2848 static void __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2849 unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd)
2851 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2856 pmdp_clear_flush_notify(vma, haddr, pmd);
2857 /* leave pmd empty until pte is filled */
2859 pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2860 pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
2862 for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, haddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2864 entry = pfn_pte(my_zero_pfn(haddr), vma->vm_page_prot);
2865 entry = pte_mkspecial(entry);
2866 pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
2867 VM_BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte));
2868 set_pte_at(mm, haddr, pte, entry);
2871 smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
2872 pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
2873 put_huge_zero_page();
2876 void __split_huge_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
2881 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2882 unsigned long haddr = address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2883 unsigned long mmun_start; /* For mmu_notifiers */
2884 unsigned long mmun_end; /* For mmu_notifiers */
2886 BUG_ON(vma->vm_start > haddr || vma->vm_end < haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2889 mmun_end = haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
2891 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
2892 ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
2893 if (unlikely(!pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))) {
2895 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
2898 if (is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd)) {
2899 __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
2901 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
2904 page = pmd_page(*pmd);
2905 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!page_count(page), page);
2908 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, mmun_start, mmun_end);
2910 split_huge_page(page);
2915 * We don't always have down_write of mmap_sem here: a racing
2916 * do_huge_pmd_wp_page() might have copied-on-write to another
2917 * huge page before our split_huge_page() got the anon_vma lock.
2919 if (unlikely(pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)))
2923 void split_huge_page_pmd_mm(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
2926 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
2928 vma = find_vma(mm, address);
2929 BUG_ON(vma == NULL);
2930 split_huge_page_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
2933 static void split_huge_page_address(struct mm_struct *mm,
2934 unsigned long address)
2940 VM_BUG_ON(!(address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK));
2942 pgd = pgd_offset(mm, address);
2943 if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
2946 pud = pud_offset(pgd, address);
2947 if (!pud_present(*pud))
2950 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, address);
2951 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
2954 * Caller holds the mmap_sem write mode, so a huge pmd cannot
2955 * materialize from under us.
2957 split_huge_page_pmd_mm(mm, address, pmd);
2960 void __vma_adjust_trans_huge(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2961 unsigned long start,
2966 * If the new start address isn't hpage aligned and it could
2967 * previously contain an hugepage: check if we need to split
2970 if (start & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK &&
2971 (start & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) >= vma->vm_start &&
2972 (start & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE <= vma->vm_end)
2973 split_huge_page_address(vma->vm_mm, start);
2976 * If the new end address isn't hpage aligned and it could
2977 * previously contain an hugepage: check if we need to split
2980 if (end & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK &&
2981 (end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) >= vma->vm_start &&
2982 (end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE <= vma->vm_end)
2983 split_huge_page_address(vma->vm_mm, end);
2986 * If we're also updating the vma->vm_next->vm_start, if the new
2987 * vm_next->vm_start isn't page aligned and it could previously
2988 * contain an hugepage: check if we need to split an huge pmd.
2990 if (adjust_next > 0) {
2991 struct vm_area_struct *next = vma->vm_next;
2992 unsigned long nstart = next->vm_start;
2993 nstart += adjust_next << PAGE_SHIFT;
2994 if (nstart & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK &&
2995 (nstart & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) >= next->vm_start &&
2996 (nstart & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE <= next->vm_end)
2997 split_huge_page_address(next->vm_mm, nstart);