cifs: Fix SMB1 readv/writev callback in the same way as SMB2/3

[linux.git] / net / core / skbuff.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
 *      Routines having to do with the 'struct sk_buff' memory handlers.
 *
 *      Authors:        Alan Cox <[email protected]>
 *                      Florian La Roche <[email protected]>
 *
 *      Fixes:
 *              Alan Cox        :       Fixed the worst of the load
 *                                      balancer bugs.
 *              Dave Platt      :       Interrupt stacking fix.
 *      Richard Kooijman        :       Timestamp fixes.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Changed buffer format.
 *              Alan Cox        :       destructor hook for AF_UNIX etc.
 *              Linus Torvalds  :       Better skb_clone.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Added skb_copy.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Added all the changed routines Linus
 *                                      only put in the headers
 *              Ray VanTassle   :       Fixed --skb->lock in free
 *              Alan Cox        :       skb_copy copy arp field
 *              Andi Kleen      :       slabified it.
 *              Robert Olsson   :       Removed skb_head_pool
 *
 *      NOTE:
 *              The __skb_ routines should be called with interrupts
 *      disabled, or you better be *real* sure that the operation is atomic
 *      with respect to whatever list is being frobbed (e.g. via lock_sock()
 *      or via disabling bottom half handlers, etc).
 */

/*
 *      The functions in this file will not compile correctly with gcc 2.4.x
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/inet.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/tcp.h>
#include <linux/udp.h>
#include <linux/sctp.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT
#include <net/pkt_sched.h>
#endif
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/skbuff_ref.h>
#include <linux/splice.h>
#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/scatterlist.h>
#include <linux/errqueue.h>
#include <linux/prefetch.h>
#include <linux/bitfield.h>
#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
#include <linux/mpls.h>
#include <linux/kcov.h>
#include <linux/iov_iter.h>

#include <net/protocol.h>
#include <net/dst.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/checksum.h>
#include <net/gso.h>
#include <net/hotdata.h>
#include <net/ip6_checksum.h>
#include <net/xfrm.h>
#include <net/mpls.h>
#include <net/mptcp.h>
#include <net/mctp.h>
#include <net/page_pool/helpers.h>
#include <net/dropreason.h>

#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <trace/events/skb.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
#include <linux/indirect_call_wrapper.h>
#include <linux/textsearch.h>

#include "dev.h"
#include "sock_destructor.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_SKB_EXTENSIONS
static struct kmem_cache *skbuff_ext_cache __ro_after_init;
#endif

#define SKB_SMALL_HEAD_SIZE SKB_HEAD_ALIGN(MAX_TCP_HEADER)

/* We want SKB_SMALL_HEAD_CACHE_SIZE to not be a power of two.
 * This should ensure that SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM is a unique
 * size, and we can differentiate heads from skb_small_head_cache
 * vs system slabs by looking at their size (skb_end_offset()).
 */
#define SKB_SMALL_HEAD_CACHE_SIZE                                       \
        (is_power_of_2(SKB_SMALL_HEAD_SIZE) ?                   \
                (SKB_SMALL_HEAD_SIZE + L1_CACHE_BYTES) :        \
                SKB_SMALL_HEAD_SIZE)

#define SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM                                         \
        SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(SKB_SMALL_HEAD_CACHE_SIZE)

/* kcm_write_msgs() relies on casting paged frags to bio_vec to use
 * iov_iter_bvec(). These static asserts ensure the cast is valid is long as the
 * netmem is a page.
 */
static_assert(offsetof(struct bio_vec, bv_page) ==
              offsetof(skb_frag_t, netmem));
static_assert(sizeof_field(struct bio_vec, bv_page) ==
              sizeof_field(skb_frag_t, netmem));

static_assert(offsetof(struct bio_vec, bv_len) == offsetof(skb_frag_t, len));
static_assert(sizeof_field(struct bio_vec, bv_len) ==
              sizeof_field(skb_frag_t, len));

static_assert(offsetof(struct bio_vec, bv_offset) ==
              offsetof(skb_frag_t, offset));
static_assert(sizeof_field(struct bio_vec, bv_offset) ==
              sizeof_field(skb_frag_t, offset));

#undef FN
#define FN(reason) [SKB_DROP_REASON_##reason] = #reason,
static const char * const drop_reasons[] = {
        [SKB_CONSUMED] = "CONSUMED",
        DEFINE_DROP_REASON(FN, FN)
};

static const struct drop_reason_list drop_reasons_core = {
        .reasons = drop_reasons,
        .n_reasons = ARRAY_SIZE(drop_reasons),
};

const struct drop_reason_list __rcu *
drop_reasons_by_subsys[SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_NUM] = {
        [SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_CORE] = RCU_INITIALIZER(&drop_reasons_core),
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drop_reasons_by_subsys);

/**
 * drop_reasons_register_subsys - register another drop reason subsystem
 * @subsys: the subsystem to register, must not be the core
 * @list: the list of drop reasons within the subsystem, must point to
 *      a statically initialized list
 */
void drop_reasons_register_subsys(enum skb_drop_reason_subsys subsys,
                                  const struct drop_reason_list *list)
{
        if (WARN(subsys <= SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_CORE ||
                 subsys >= ARRAY_SIZE(drop_reasons_by_subsys),
                 "invalid subsystem %d\n", subsys))
                return;

        /* must point to statically allocated memory, so INIT is OK */
        RCU_INIT_POINTER(drop_reasons_by_subsys[subsys], list);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(drop_reasons_register_subsys);

/**
 * drop_reasons_unregister_subsys - unregister a drop reason subsystem
 * @subsys: the subsystem to remove, must not be the core
 *
 * Note: This will synchronize_rcu() to ensure no users when it returns.
 */
void drop_reasons_unregister_subsys(enum skb_drop_reason_subsys subsys)
{
        if (WARN(subsys <= SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_CORE ||
                 subsys >= ARRAY_SIZE(drop_reasons_by_subsys),
                 "invalid subsystem %d\n", subsys))
                return;

        RCU_INIT_POINTER(drop_reasons_by_subsys[subsys], NULL);

        synchronize_rcu();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(drop_reasons_unregister_subsys);

/**
 *      skb_panic - private function for out-of-line support
 *      @skb:   buffer
 *      @sz:    size
 *      @addr:  address
 *      @msg:   skb_over_panic or skb_under_panic
 *
 *      Out-of-line support for skb_put() and skb_push().
 *      Called via the wrapper skb_over_panic() or skb_under_panic().
 *      Keep out of line to prevent kernel bloat.
 *      __builtin_return_address is not used because it is not always reliable.
 */
static void skb_panic(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int sz, void *addr,
                      const char msg[])
{
        pr_emerg("%s: text:%px len:%d put:%d head:%px data:%px tail:%#lx end:%#lx dev:%s\n",
                 msg, addr, skb->len, sz, skb->head, skb->data,
                 (unsigned long)skb->tail, (unsigned long)skb->end,
                 skb->dev ? skb->dev->name : "<NULL>");
        BUG();
}

static void skb_over_panic(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int sz, void *addr)
{
        skb_panic(skb, sz, addr, __func__);
}

static void skb_under_panic(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int sz, void *addr)
{
        skb_panic(skb, sz, addr, __func__);
}

#define NAPI_SKB_CACHE_SIZE     64
#define NAPI_SKB_CACHE_BULK     16
#define NAPI_SKB_CACHE_HALF     (NAPI_SKB_CACHE_SIZE / 2)

#if PAGE_SIZE == SZ_4K

#define NAPI_HAS_SMALL_PAGE_FRAG        1
#define NAPI_SMALL_PAGE_PFMEMALLOC(nc)  ((nc).pfmemalloc)

/* specialized page frag allocator using a single order 0 page
 * and slicing it into 1K sized fragment. Constrained to systems
 * with a very limited amount of 1K fragments fitting a single
 * page - to avoid excessive truesize underestimation
 */

struct page_frag_1k {
        void *va;
        u16 offset;
        bool pfmemalloc;
};

static void *page_frag_alloc_1k(struct page_frag_1k *nc, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct page *page;
        int offset;

        offset = nc->offset - SZ_1K;
        if (likely(offset >= 0))
                goto use_frag;

        page = alloc_pages_node(NUMA_NO_NODE, gfp, 0);
        if (!page)
                return NULL;

        nc->va = page_address(page);
        nc->pfmemalloc = page_is_pfmemalloc(page);
        offset = PAGE_SIZE - SZ_1K;
        page_ref_add(page, offset / SZ_1K);

use_frag:
        nc->offset = offset;
        return nc->va + offset;
}
#else

/* the small page is actually unused in this build; add dummy helpers
 * to please the compiler and avoid later preprocessor's conditionals
 */
#define NAPI_HAS_SMALL_PAGE_FRAG        0
#define NAPI_SMALL_PAGE_PFMEMALLOC(nc)  false

struct page_frag_1k {
};

static void *page_frag_alloc_1k(struct page_frag_1k *nc, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        return NULL;
}

#endif

struct napi_alloc_cache {
        local_lock_t bh_lock;
        struct page_frag_cache page;
        struct page_frag_1k page_small;
        unsigned int skb_count;
        void *skb_cache[NAPI_SKB_CACHE_SIZE];
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct page_frag_cache, netdev_alloc_cache);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct napi_alloc_cache, napi_alloc_cache) = {
        .bh_lock = INIT_LOCAL_LOCK(bh_lock),
};

/* Double check that napi_get_frags() allocates skbs with
 * skb->head being backed by slab, not a page fragment.
 * This is to make sure bug fixed in 3226b158e67c
 * ("net: avoid 32 x truesize under-estimation for tiny skbs")
 * does not accidentally come back.
 */
void napi_get_frags_check(struct napi_struct *napi)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        local_bh_disable();
        skb = napi_get_frags(napi);
        WARN_ON_ONCE(!NAPI_HAS_SMALL_PAGE_FRAG && skb && skb->head_frag);
        napi_free_frags(napi);
        local_bh_enable();
}

void *__napi_alloc_frag_align(unsigned int fragsz, unsigned int align_mask)
{
        struct napi_alloc_cache *nc = this_cpu_ptr(&napi_alloc_cache);
        void *data;

        fragsz = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(fragsz);

        local_lock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
        data = __page_frag_alloc_align(&nc->page, fragsz, GFP_ATOMIC,
                                       align_mask);
        local_unlock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
        return data;

}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__napi_alloc_frag_align);

void *__netdev_alloc_frag_align(unsigned int fragsz, unsigned int align_mask)
{
        void *data;

        if (in_hardirq() || irqs_disabled()) {
                struct page_frag_cache *nc = this_cpu_ptr(&netdev_alloc_cache);

                fragsz = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(fragsz);
                data = __page_frag_alloc_align(nc, fragsz, GFP_ATOMIC,
                                               align_mask);
        } else {
                local_bh_disable();
                data = __napi_alloc_frag_align(fragsz, align_mask);
                local_bh_enable();
        }
        return data;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__netdev_alloc_frag_align);

static struct sk_buff *napi_skb_cache_get(void)
{
        struct napi_alloc_cache *nc = this_cpu_ptr(&napi_alloc_cache);
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        local_lock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
        if (unlikely(!nc->skb_count)) {
                nc->skb_count = kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache,
                                                      GFP_ATOMIC,
                                                      NAPI_SKB_CACHE_BULK,
                                                      nc->skb_cache);
                if (unlikely(!nc->skb_count)) {
                        local_unlock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
                        return NULL;
                }
        }

        skb = nc->skb_cache[--nc->skb_count];
        local_unlock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
        kasan_mempool_unpoison_object(skb, kmem_cache_size(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache));

        return skb;
}

static inline void __finalize_skb_around(struct sk_buff *skb, void *data,
                                         unsigned int size)
{
        struct skb_shared_info *shinfo;

        size -= SKB_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct skb_shared_info));

        /* Assumes caller memset cleared SKB */
        skb->truesize = SKB_TRUESIZE(size);
        refcount_set(&skb->users, 1);
        skb->head = data;
        skb->data = data;
        skb_reset_tail_pointer(skb);
        skb_set_end_offset(skb, size);
        skb->mac_header = (typeof(skb->mac_header))~0U;
        skb->transport_header = (typeof(skb->transport_header))~0U;
        skb->alloc_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        /* make sure we initialize shinfo sequentially */
        shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);
        memset(shinfo, 0, offsetof(struct skb_shared_info, dataref));
        atomic_set(&shinfo->dataref, 1);

        skb_set_kcov_handle(skb, kcov_common_handle());
}

static inline void *__slab_build_skb(struct sk_buff *skb, void *data,
                                     unsigned int *size)
{
        void *resized;

        /* Must find the allocation size (and grow it to match). */
        *size = ksize(data);
        /* krealloc() will immediately return "data" when
         * "ksize(data)" is requested: it is the existing upper
         * bounds. As a result, GFP_ATOMIC will be ignored. Note
         * that this "new" pointer needs to be passed back to the
         * caller for use so the __alloc_size hinting will be
         * tracked correctly.
         */
        resized = krealloc(data, *size, GFP_ATOMIC);
        WARN_ON_ONCE(resized != data);
        return resized;
}

/* build_skb() variant which can operate on slab buffers.
 * Note that this should be used sparingly as slab buffers
 * cannot be combined efficiently by GRO!
 */
struct sk_buff *slab_build_skb(void *data)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        unsigned int size;

        skb = kmem_cache_alloc(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        memset(skb, 0, offsetof(struct sk_buff, tail));
        data = __slab_build_skb(skb, data, &size);
        __finalize_skb_around(skb, data, size);

        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(slab_build_skb);

/* Caller must provide SKB that is memset cleared */
static void __build_skb_around(struct sk_buff *skb, void *data,
                               unsigned int frag_size)
{
        unsigned int size = frag_size;

        /* frag_size == 0 is considered deprecated now. Callers
         * using slab buffer should use slab_build_skb() instead.
         */
        if (WARN_ONCE(size == 0, "Use slab_build_skb() instead"))
                data = __slab_build_skb(skb, data, &size);

        __finalize_skb_around(skb, data, size);
}

/**
 * __build_skb - build a network buffer
 * @data: data buffer provided by caller
 * @frag_size: size of data (must not be 0)
 *
 * Allocate a new &sk_buff. Caller provides space holding head and
 * skb_shared_info. @data must have been allocated from the page
 * allocator or vmalloc(). (A @frag_size of 0 to indicate a kmalloc()
 * allocation is deprecated, and callers should use slab_build_skb()
 * instead.)
 * The return is the new skb buffer.
 * On a failure the return is %NULL, and @data is not freed.
 * Notes :
 *  Before IO, driver allocates only data buffer where NIC put incoming frame
 *  Driver should add room at head (NET_SKB_PAD) and
 *  MUST add room at tail (SKB_DATA_ALIGN(skb_shared_info))
 *  After IO, driver calls build_skb(), to allocate sk_buff and populate it
 *  before giving packet to stack.
 *  RX rings only contains data buffers, not full skbs.
 */
struct sk_buff *__build_skb(void *data, unsigned int frag_size)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        skb = kmem_cache_alloc(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        memset(skb, 0, offsetof(struct sk_buff, tail));
        __build_skb_around(skb, data, frag_size);

        return skb;
}

/* build_skb() is wrapper over __build_skb(), that specifically
 * takes care of skb->head and skb->pfmemalloc
 */
struct sk_buff *build_skb(void *data, unsigned int frag_size)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb = __build_skb(data, frag_size);

        if (likely(skb && frag_size)) {
                skb->head_frag = 1;
                skb_propagate_pfmemalloc(virt_to_head_page(data), skb);
        }
        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(build_skb);

/**
 * build_skb_around - build a network buffer around provided skb
 * @skb: sk_buff provide by caller, must be memset cleared
 * @data: data buffer provided by caller
 * @frag_size: size of data
 */
struct sk_buff *build_skb_around(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                 void *data, unsigned int frag_size)
{
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        __build_skb_around(skb, data, frag_size);

        if (frag_size) {
                skb->head_frag = 1;
                skb_propagate_pfmemalloc(virt_to_head_page(data), skb);
        }
        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(build_skb_around);

/**
 * __napi_build_skb - build a network buffer
 * @data: data buffer provided by caller
 * @frag_size: size of data
 *
 * Version of __build_skb() that uses NAPI percpu caches to obtain
 * skbuff_head instead of inplace allocation.
 *
 * Returns a new &sk_buff on success, %NULL on allocation failure.
 */
static struct sk_buff *__napi_build_skb(void *data, unsigned int frag_size)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        skb = napi_skb_cache_get();
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        memset(skb, 0, offsetof(struct sk_buff, tail));
        __build_skb_around(skb, data, frag_size);

        return skb;
}

/**
 * napi_build_skb - build a network buffer
 * @data: data buffer provided by caller
 * @frag_size: size of data
 *
 * Version of __napi_build_skb() that takes care of skb->head_frag
 * and skb->pfmemalloc when the data is a page or page fragment.
 *
 * Returns a new &sk_buff on success, %NULL on allocation failure.
 */
struct sk_buff *napi_build_skb(void *data, unsigned int frag_size)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb = __napi_build_skb(data, frag_size);

        if (likely(skb) && frag_size) {
                skb->head_frag = 1;
                skb_propagate_pfmemalloc(virt_to_head_page(data), skb);
        }

        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(napi_build_skb);

/*
 * kmalloc_reserve is a wrapper around kmalloc_node_track_caller that tells
 * the caller if emergency pfmemalloc reserves are being used. If it is and
 * the socket is later found to be SOCK_MEMALLOC then PFMEMALLOC reserves
 * may be used. Otherwise, the packet data may be discarded until enough
 * memory is free
 */
static void *kmalloc_reserve(unsigned int *size, gfp_t flags, int node,
                             bool *pfmemalloc)
{
        bool ret_pfmemalloc = false;
        size_t obj_size;
        void *obj;

        obj_size = SKB_HEAD_ALIGN(*size);
        if (obj_size <= SKB_SMALL_HEAD_CACHE_SIZE &&
            !(flags & KMALLOC_NOT_NORMAL_BITS)) {
                obj = kmem_cache_alloc_node(net_hotdata.skb_small_head_cache,
                                flags | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NOWARN,
                                node);
                *size = SKB_SMALL_HEAD_CACHE_SIZE;
                if (obj || !(gfp_pfmemalloc_allowed(flags)))
                        goto out;
                /* Try again but now we are using pfmemalloc reserves */
                ret_pfmemalloc = true;
                obj = kmem_cache_alloc_node(net_hotdata.skb_small_head_cache, flags, node);
                goto out;
        }

        obj_size = kmalloc_size_roundup(obj_size);
        /* The following cast might truncate high-order bits of obj_size, this
         * is harmless because kmalloc(obj_size >= 2^32) will fail anyway.
         */
        *size = (unsigned int)obj_size;

        /*
         * Try a regular allocation, when that fails and we're not entitled
         * to the reserves, fail.
         */
        obj = kmalloc_node_track_caller(obj_size,
                                        flags | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NOWARN,
                                        node);
        if (obj || !(gfp_pfmemalloc_allowed(flags)))
                goto out;

        /* Try again but now we are using pfmemalloc reserves */
        ret_pfmemalloc = true;
        obj = kmalloc_node_track_caller(obj_size, flags, node);

out:
        if (pfmemalloc)
                *pfmemalloc = ret_pfmemalloc;

        return obj;
}

/*      Allocate a new skbuff. We do this ourselves so we can fill in a few
 *      'private' fields and also do memory statistics to find all the
 *      [BEEP] leaks.
 *
 */

/**
 *      __alloc_skb     -       allocate a network buffer
 *      @size: size to allocate
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation mask
 *      @flags: If SKB_ALLOC_FCLONE is set, allocate from fclone cache
 *              instead of head cache and allocate a cloned (child) skb.
 *              If SKB_ALLOC_RX is set, __GFP_MEMALLOC will be used for
 *              allocations in case the data is required for writeback
 *      @node: numa node to allocate memory on
 *
 *      Allocate a new &sk_buff. The returned buffer has no headroom and a
 *      tail room of at least size bytes. The object has a reference count
 *      of one. The return is the buffer. On a failure the return is %NULL.
 *
 *      Buffers may only be allocated from interrupts using a @gfp_mask of
 *      %GFP_ATOMIC.
 */
struct sk_buff *__alloc_skb(unsigned int size, gfp_t gfp_mask,
                            int flags, int node)
{
        struct kmem_cache *cache;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        bool pfmemalloc;
        u8 *data;

        cache = (flags & SKB_ALLOC_FCLONE)
                ? net_hotdata.skbuff_fclone_cache : net_hotdata.skbuff_cache;

        if (sk_memalloc_socks() && (flags & SKB_ALLOC_RX))
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

        /* Get the HEAD */
        if ((flags & (SKB_ALLOC_FCLONE | SKB_ALLOC_NAPI)) == SKB_ALLOC_NAPI &&
            likely(node == NUMA_NO_NODE || node == numa_mem_id()))
                skb = napi_skb_cache_get();
        else
                skb = kmem_cache_alloc_node(cache, gfp_mask & ~GFP_DMA, node);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;
        prefetchw(skb);

        /* We do our best to align skb_shared_info on a separate cache
         * line. It usually works because kmalloc(X > SMP_CACHE_BYTES) gives
         * aligned memory blocks, unless SLUB/SLAB debug is enabled.
         * Both skb->head and skb_shared_info are cache line aligned.
         */
        data = kmalloc_reserve(&size, gfp_mask, node, &pfmemalloc);
        if (unlikely(!data))
                goto nodata;
        /* kmalloc_size_roundup() might give us more room than requested.
         * Put skb_shared_info exactly at the end of allocated zone,
         * to allow max possible filling before reallocation.
         */
        prefetchw(data + SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(size));

        /*
         * Only clear those fields we need to clear, not those that we will
         * actually initialise below. Hence, don't put any more fields after
         * the tail pointer in struct sk_buff!
         */
        memset(skb, 0, offsetof(struct sk_buff, tail));
        __build_skb_around(skb, data, size);
        skb->pfmemalloc = pfmemalloc;

        if (flags & SKB_ALLOC_FCLONE) {
                struct sk_buff_fclones *fclones;

                fclones = container_of(skb, struct sk_buff_fclones, skb1);

                skb->fclone = SKB_FCLONE_ORIG;
                refcount_set(&fclones->fclone_ref, 1);
        }

        return skb;

nodata:
        kmem_cache_free(cache, skb);
        return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__alloc_skb);

/**
 *      __netdev_alloc_skb - allocate an skbuff for rx on a specific device
 *      @dev: network device to receive on
 *      @len: length to allocate
 *      @gfp_mask: get_free_pages mask, passed to alloc_skb
 *
 *      Allocate a new &sk_buff and assign it a usage count of one. The
 *      buffer has NET_SKB_PAD headroom built in. Users should allocate
 *      the headroom they think they need without accounting for the
 *      built in space. The built in space is used for optimisations.
 *
 *      %NULL is returned if there is no free memory.
 */
struct sk_buff *__netdev_alloc_skb(struct net_device *dev, unsigned int len,
                                   gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        struct page_frag_cache *nc;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        bool pfmemalloc;
        void *data;

        len += NET_SKB_PAD;

        /* If requested length is either too small or too big,
         * we use kmalloc() for skb->head allocation.
         */
        if (len <= SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(1024) ||
            len > SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(PAGE_SIZE) ||
            (gfp_mask & (__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM | GFP_DMA))) {
                skb = __alloc_skb(len, gfp_mask, SKB_ALLOC_RX, NUMA_NO_NODE);
                if (!skb)
                        goto skb_fail;
                goto skb_success;
        }

        len = SKB_HEAD_ALIGN(len);

        if (sk_memalloc_socks())
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

        if (in_hardirq() || irqs_disabled()) {
                nc = this_cpu_ptr(&netdev_alloc_cache);
                data = page_frag_alloc(nc, len, gfp_mask);
                pfmemalloc = nc->pfmemalloc;
        } else {
                local_bh_disable();
                local_lock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);

                nc = this_cpu_ptr(&napi_alloc_cache.page);
                data = page_frag_alloc(nc, len, gfp_mask);
                pfmemalloc = nc->pfmemalloc;

                local_unlock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
                local_bh_enable();
        }

        if (unlikely(!data))
                return NULL;

        skb = __build_skb(data, len);
        if (unlikely(!skb)) {
                skb_free_frag(data);
                return NULL;
        }

        if (pfmemalloc)
                skb->pfmemalloc = 1;
        skb->head_frag = 1;

skb_success:
        skb_reserve(skb, NET_SKB_PAD);
        skb->dev = dev;

skb_fail:
        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__netdev_alloc_skb);

/**
 *      napi_alloc_skb - allocate skbuff for rx in a specific NAPI instance
 *      @napi: napi instance this buffer was allocated for
 *      @len: length to allocate
 *
 *      Allocate a new sk_buff for use in NAPI receive.  This buffer will
 *      attempt to allocate the head from a special reserved region used
 *      only for NAPI Rx allocation.  By doing this we can save several
 *      CPU cycles by avoiding having to disable and re-enable IRQs.
 *
 *      %NULL is returned if there is no free memory.
 */
struct sk_buff *napi_alloc_skb(struct napi_struct *napi, unsigned int len)
{
        gfp_t gfp_mask = GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN;
        struct napi_alloc_cache *nc;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        bool pfmemalloc;
        void *data;

        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(!in_softirq());
        len += NET_SKB_PAD + NET_IP_ALIGN;

        /* If requested length is either too small or too big,
         * we use kmalloc() for skb->head allocation.
         * When the small frag allocator is available, prefer it over kmalloc
         * for small fragments
         */
        if ((!NAPI_HAS_SMALL_PAGE_FRAG && len <= SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(1024)) ||
            len > SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(PAGE_SIZE) ||
            (gfp_mask & (__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM | GFP_DMA))) {
                skb = __alloc_skb(len, gfp_mask, SKB_ALLOC_RX | SKB_ALLOC_NAPI,
                                  NUMA_NO_NODE);
                if (!skb)
                        goto skb_fail;
                goto skb_success;
        }

        if (sk_memalloc_socks())
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

        local_lock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
        nc = this_cpu_ptr(&napi_alloc_cache);
        if (NAPI_HAS_SMALL_PAGE_FRAG && len <= SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(1024)) {
                /* we are artificially inflating the allocation size, but
                 * that is not as bad as it may look like, as:
                 * - 'len' less than GRO_MAX_HEAD makes little sense
                 * - On most systems, larger 'len' values lead to fragment
                 *   size above 512 bytes
                 * - kmalloc would use the kmalloc-1k slab for such values
                 * - Builds with smaller GRO_MAX_HEAD will very likely do
                 *   little networking, as that implies no WiFi and no
                 *   tunnels support, and 32 bits arches.
                 */
                len = SZ_1K;

                data = page_frag_alloc_1k(&nc->page_small, gfp_mask);
                pfmemalloc = NAPI_SMALL_PAGE_PFMEMALLOC(nc->page_small);
        } else {
                len = SKB_HEAD_ALIGN(len);

                data = page_frag_alloc(&nc->page, len, gfp_mask);
                pfmemalloc = nc->page.pfmemalloc;
        }
        local_unlock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);

        if (unlikely(!data))
                return NULL;

        skb = __napi_build_skb(data, len);
        if (unlikely(!skb)) {
                skb_free_frag(data);
                return NULL;
        }

        if (pfmemalloc)
                skb->pfmemalloc = 1;
        skb->head_frag = 1;

skb_success:
        skb_reserve(skb, NET_SKB_PAD + NET_IP_ALIGN);
        skb->dev = napi->dev;

skb_fail:
        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(napi_alloc_skb);

void skb_add_rx_frag_netmem(struct sk_buff *skb, int i, netmem_ref netmem,
                            int off, int size, unsigned int truesize)
{
        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(size > truesize);

        skb_fill_netmem_desc(skb, i, netmem, off, size);
        skb->len += size;
        skb->data_len += size;
        skb->truesize += truesize;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_add_rx_frag_netmem);

void skb_coalesce_rx_frag(struct sk_buff *skb, int i, int size,
                          unsigned int truesize)
{
        skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];

        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(size > truesize);

        skb_frag_size_add(frag, size);
        skb->len += size;
        skb->data_len += size;
        skb->truesize += truesize;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_coalesce_rx_frag);

static void skb_drop_list(struct sk_buff **listp)
{
        kfree_skb_list(*listp);
        *listp = NULL;
}

static inline void skb_drop_fraglist(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        skb_drop_list(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list);
}

static void skb_clone_fraglist(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct sk_buff *list;

        skb_walk_frags(skb, list)
                skb_get(list);
}

static bool is_pp_page(struct page *page)
{
        return (page->pp_magic & ~0x3UL) == PP_SIGNATURE;
}

int skb_pp_cow_data(struct page_pool *pool, struct sk_buff **pskb,
                    unsigned int headroom)
{
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAGE_POOL)
        u32 size, truesize, len, max_head_size, off;
        struct sk_buff *skb = *pskb, *nskb;
        int err, i, head_off;
        void *data;

        /* XDP does not support fraglist so we need to linearize
         * the skb.
         */
        if (skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        max_head_size = SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(PAGE_SIZE - headroom);
        if (skb->len > max_head_size + MAX_SKB_FRAGS * PAGE_SIZE)
                return -ENOMEM;

        size = min_t(u32, skb->len, max_head_size);
        truesize = SKB_HEAD_ALIGN(size) + headroom;
        data = page_pool_dev_alloc_va(pool, &truesize);
        if (!data)
                return -ENOMEM;

        nskb = napi_build_skb(data, truesize);
        if (!nskb) {
                page_pool_free_va(pool, data, true);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        skb_reserve(nskb, headroom);
        skb_copy_header(nskb, skb);
        skb_mark_for_recycle(nskb);

        err = skb_copy_bits(skb, 0, nskb->data, size);
        if (err) {
                consume_skb(nskb);
                return err;
        }
        skb_put(nskb, size);

        head_off = skb_headroom(nskb) - skb_headroom(skb);
        skb_headers_offset_update(nskb, head_off);

        off = size;
        len = skb->len - off;
        for (i = 0; i < MAX_SKB_FRAGS && off < skb->len; i++) {
                struct page *page;
                u32 page_off;

                size = min_t(u32, len, PAGE_SIZE);
                truesize = size;

                page = page_pool_dev_alloc(pool, &page_off, &truesize);
                if (!page) {
                        consume_skb(nskb);
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }

                skb_add_rx_frag(nskb, i, page, page_off, size, truesize);
                err = skb_copy_bits(skb, off, page_address(page) + page_off,
                                    size);
                if (err) {
                        consume_skb(nskb);
                        return err;
                }

                len -= size;
                off += size;
        }

        consume_skb(skb);
        *pskb = nskb;

        return 0;
#else
        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
#endif
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_pp_cow_data);

int skb_cow_data_for_xdp(struct page_pool *pool, struct sk_buff **pskb,
                         struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
        if (!prog->aux->xdp_has_frags)
                return -EINVAL;

        return skb_pp_cow_data(pool, pskb, XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_cow_data_for_xdp);

#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAGE_POOL)
bool napi_pp_put_page(netmem_ref netmem)
{
        struct page *page = netmem_to_page(netmem);

        page = compound_head(page);

        /* page->pp_magic is OR'ed with PP_SIGNATURE after the allocation
         * in order to preserve any existing bits, such as bit 0 for the
         * head page of compound page and bit 1 for pfmemalloc page, so
         * mask those bits for freeing side when doing below checking,
         * and page_is_pfmemalloc() is checked in __page_pool_put_page()
         * to avoid recycling the pfmemalloc page.
         */
        if (unlikely(!is_pp_page(page)))
                return false;

        page_pool_put_full_netmem(page->pp, page_to_netmem(page), false);

        return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(napi_pp_put_page);
#endif

static bool skb_pp_recycle(struct sk_buff *skb, void *data)
{
        if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAGE_POOL) || !skb->pp_recycle)
                return false;
        return napi_pp_put_page(page_to_netmem(virt_to_page(data)));
}

/**
 * skb_pp_frag_ref() - Increase fragment references of a page pool aware skb
 * @skb:        page pool aware skb
 *
 * Increase the fragment reference count (pp_ref_count) of a skb. This is
 * intended to gain fragment references only for page pool aware skbs,
 * i.e. when skb->pp_recycle is true, and not for fragments in a
 * non-pp-recycling skb. It has a fallback to increase references on normal
 * pages, as page pool aware skbs may also have normal page fragments.
 */
static int skb_pp_frag_ref(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct skb_shared_info *shinfo;
        struct page *head_page;
        int i;

        if (!skb->pp_recycle)
                return -EINVAL;

        shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);

        for (i = 0; i < shinfo->nr_frags; i++) {
                head_page = compound_head(skb_frag_page(&shinfo->frags[i]));
                if (likely(is_pp_page(head_page)))
                        page_pool_ref_page(head_page);
                else
                        page_ref_inc(head_page);
        }
        return 0;
}

static void skb_kfree_head(void *head, unsigned int end_offset)
{
        if (end_offset == SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM)
                kmem_cache_free(net_hotdata.skb_small_head_cache, head);
        else
                kfree(head);
}

static void skb_free_head(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        unsigned char *head = skb->head;

        if (skb->head_frag) {
                if (skb_pp_recycle(skb, head))
                        return;
                skb_free_frag(head);
        } else {
                skb_kfree_head(head, skb_end_offset(skb));
        }
}

static void skb_release_data(struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        struct skb_shared_info *shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);
        int i;

        if (!skb_data_unref(skb, shinfo))
                goto exit;

        if (skb_zcopy(skb)) {
                bool skip_unref = shinfo->flags & SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS;

                skb_zcopy_clear(skb, true);
                if (skip_unref)
                        goto free_head;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < shinfo->nr_frags; i++)
                __skb_frag_unref(&shinfo->frags[i], skb->pp_recycle);

free_head:
        if (shinfo->frag_list)
                kfree_skb_list_reason(shinfo->frag_list, reason);

        skb_free_head(skb);
exit:
        /* When we clone an SKB we copy the reycling bit. The pp_recycle
         * bit is only set on the head though, so in order to avoid races
         * while trying to recycle fragments on __skb_frag_unref() we need
         * to make one SKB responsible for triggering the recycle path.
         * So disable the recycling bit if an SKB is cloned and we have
         * additional references to the fragmented part of the SKB.
         * Eventually the last SKB will have the recycling bit set and it's
         * dataref set to 0, which will trigger the recycling
         */
        skb->pp_recycle = 0;
}

/*
 *      Free an skbuff by memory without cleaning the state.
 */
static void kfree_skbmem(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct sk_buff_fclones *fclones;

        switch (skb->fclone) {
        case SKB_FCLONE_UNAVAILABLE:
                kmem_cache_free(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, skb);
                return;

        case SKB_FCLONE_ORIG:
                fclones = container_of(skb, struct sk_buff_fclones, skb1);

                /* We usually free the clone (TX completion) before original skb
                 * This test would have no chance to be true for the clone,
                 * while here, branch prediction will be good.
                 */
                if (refcount_read(&fclones->fclone_ref) == 1)
                        goto fastpath;
                break;

        default: /* SKB_FCLONE_CLONE */
                fclones = container_of(skb, struct sk_buff_fclones, skb2);
                break;
        }
        if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&fclones->fclone_ref))
                return;
fastpath:
        kmem_cache_free(net_hotdata.skbuff_fclone_cache, fclones);
}

void skb_release_head_state(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        skb_dst_drop(skb);
        if (skb->destructor) {
                DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(in_hardirq());
                skb->destructor(skb);
        }
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK)
        nf_conntrack_put(skb_nfct(skb));
#endif
        skb_ext_put(skb);
}

/* Free everything but the sk_buff shell. */
static void skb_release_all(struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        skb_release_head_state(skb);
        if (likely(skb->head))
                skb_release_data(skb, reason);
}

/**
 *      __kfree_skb - private function
 *      @skb: buffer
 *
 *      Free an sk_buff. Release anything attached to the buffer.
 *      Clean the state. This is an internal helper function. Users should
 *      always call kfree_skb
 */

void __kfree_skb(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        skb_release_all(skb, SKB_DROP_REASON_NOT_SPECIFIED);
        kfree_skbmem(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kfree_skb);

static __always_inline
bool __sk_skb_reason_drop(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
                          enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        if (unlikely(!skb_unref(skb)))
                return false;

        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(reason == SKB_NOT_DROPPED_YET ||
                               u32_get_bits(reason,
                                            SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_MASK) >=
                                SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_NUM);

        if (reason == SKB_CONSUMED)
                trace_consume_skb(skb, __builtin_return_address(0));
        else
                trace_kfree_skb(skb, __builtin_return_address(0), reason, sk);
        return true;
}

/**
 *      sk_skb_reason_drop - free an sk_buff with special reason
 *      @sk: the socket to receive @skb, or NULL if not applicable
 *      @skb: buffer to free
 *      @reason: reason why this skb is dropped
 *
 *      Drop a reference to the buffer and free it if the usage count has hit
 *      zero. Meanwhile, pass the receiving socket and drop reason to
 *      'kfree_skb' tracepoint.
 */
void __fix_address
sk_skb_reason_drop(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        if (__sk_skb_reason_drop(sk, skb, reason))
                __kfree_skb(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sk_skb_reason_drop);

#define KFREE_SKB_BULK_SIZE     16

struct skb_free_array {
        unsigned int skb_count;
        void *skb_array[KFREE_SKB_BULK_SIZE];
};

static void kfree_skb_add_bulk(struct sk_buff *skb,
                               struct skb_free_array *sa,
                               enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        /* if SKB is a clone, don't handle this case */
        if (unlikely(skb->fclone != SKB_FCLONE_UNAVAILABLE)) {
                __kfree_skb(skb);
                return;
        }

        skb_release_all(skb, reason);
        sa->skb_array[sa->skb_count++] = skb;

        if (unlikely(sa->skb_count == KFREE_SKB_BULK_SIZE)) {
                kmem_cache_free_bulk(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, KFREE_SKB_BULK_SIZE,
                                     sa->skb_array);
                sa->skb_count = 0;
        }
}

void __fix_address
kfree_skb_list_reason(struct sk_buff *segs, enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        struct skb_free_array sa;

        sa.skb_count = 0;

        while (segs) {
                struct sk_buff *next = segs->next;

                if (__sk_skb_reason_drop(NULL, segs, reason)) {
                        skb_poison_list(segs);
                        kfree_skb_add_bulk(segs, &sa, reason);
                }

                segs = next;
        }

        if (sa.skb_count)
                kmem_cache_free_bulk(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, sa.skb_count, sa.skb_array);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree_skb_list_reason);

/* Dump skb information and contents.
 *
 * Must only be called from net_ratelimit()-ed paths.
 *
 * Dumps whole packets if full_pkt, only headers otherwise.
 */
void skb_dump(const char *level, const struct sk_buff *skb, bool full_pkt)
{
        struct skb_shared_info *sh = skb_shinfo(skb);
        struct net_device *dev = skb->dev;
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;
        struct sk_buff *list_skb;
        bool has_mac, has_trans;
        int headroom, tailroom;
        int i, len, seg_len;

        if (full_pkt)
                len = skb->len;
        else
                len = min_t(int, skb->len, MAX_HEADER + 128);

        headroom = skb_headroom(skb);
        tailroom = skb_tailroom(skb);

        has_mac = skb_mac_header_was_set(skb);
        has_trans = skb_transport_header_was_set(skb);

        printk("%sskb len=%u headroom=%u headlen=%u tailroom=%u\n"
               "mac=(%d,%d) mac_len=%u net=(%d,%d) trans=%d\n"
               "shinfo(txflags=%u nr_frags=%u gso(size=%hu type=%u segs=%hu))\n"
               "csum(0x%x start=%u offset=%u ip_summed=%u complete_sw=%u valid=%u level=%u)\n"
               "hash(0x%x sw=%u l4=%u) proto=0x%04x pkttype=%u iif=%d\n"
               "priority=0x%x mark=0x%x alloc_cpu=%u vlan_all=0x%x\n"
               "encapsulation=%d inner(proto=0x%04x, mac=%u, net=%u, trans=%u)\n",
               level, skb->len, headroom, skb_headlen(skb), tailroom,
               has_mac ? skb->mac_header : -1,
               has_mac ? skb_mac_header_len(skb) : -1,
               skb->mac_len,
               skb->network_header,
               has_trans ? skb_network_header_len(skb) : -1,
               has_trans ? skb->transport_header : -1,
               sh->tx_flags, sh->nr_frags,
               sh->gso_size, sh->gso_type, sh->gso_segs,
               skb->csum, skb->csum_start, skb->csum_offset, skb->ip_summed,
               skb->csum_complete_sw, skb->csum_valid, skb->csum_level,
               skb->hash, skb->sw_hash, skb->l4_hash,
               ntohs(skb->protocol), skb->pkt_type, skb->skb_iif,
               skb->priority, skb->mark, skb->alloc_cpu, skb->vlan_all,
               skb->encapsulation, skb->inner_protocol, skb->inner_mac_header,
               skb->inner_network_header, skb->inner_transport_header);

        if (dev)
                printk("%sdev name=%s feat=%pNF\n",
                       level, dev->name, &dev->features);
        if (sk)
                printk("%ssk family=%hu type=%u proto=%u\n",
                       level, sk->sk_family, sk->sk_type, sk->sk_protocol);

        if (full_pkt && headroom)
                print_hex_dump(level, "skb headroom: ", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET,
                               16, 1, skb->head, headroom, false);

        seg_len = min_t(int, skb_headlen(skb), len);
        if (seg_len)
                print_hex_dump(level, "skb linear:   ", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET,
                               16, 1, skb->data, seg_len, false);
        len -= seg_len;

        if (full_pkt && tailroom)
                print_hex_dump(level, "skb tailroom: ", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET,
                               16, 1, skb_tail_pointer(skb), tailroom, false);

        for (i = 0; len && i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                u32 p_off, p_len, copied;
                struct page *p;
                u8 *vaddr;

                skb_frag_foreach_page(frag, skb_frag_off(frag),
                                      skb_frag_size(frag), p, p_off, p_len,
                                      copied) {
                        seg_len = min_t(int, p_len, len);
                        vaddr = kmap_atomic(p);
                        print_hex_dump(level, "skb frag:     ",
                                       DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET,
                                       16, 1, vaddr + p_off, seg_len, false);
                        kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                        len -= seg_len;
                        if (!len)
                                break;
                }
        }

        if (full_pkt && skb_has_frag_list(skb)) {
                printk("skb fraglist:\n");
                skb_walk_frags(skb, list_skb)
                        skb_dump(level, list_skb, true);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_dump);

/**
 *      skb_tx_error - report an sk_buff xmit error
 *      @skb: buffer that triggered an error
 *
 *      Report xmit error if a device callback is tracking this skb.
 *      skb must be freed afterwards.
 */
void skb_tx_error(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (skb) {
                skb_zcopy_downgrade_managed(skb);
                skb_zcopy_clear(skb, true);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_tx_error);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACEPOINTS
/**
 *      consume_skb - free an skbuff
 *      @skb: buffer to free
 *
 *      Drop a ref to the buffer and free it if the usage count has hit zero
 *      Functions identically to kfree_skb, but kfree_skb assumes that the frame
 *      is being dropped after a failure and notes that
 */
void consume_skb(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (!skb_unref(skb))
                return;

        trace_consume_skb(skb, __builtin_return_address(0));
        __kfree_skb(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(consume_skb);
#endif

/**
 *      __consume_stateless_skb - free an skbuff, assuming it is stateless
 *      @skb: buffer to free
 *
 *      Alike consume_skb(), but this variant assumes that this is the last
 *      skb reference and all the head states have been already dropped
 */
void __consume_stateless_skb(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        trace_consume_skb(skb, __builtin_return_address(0));
        skb_release_data(skb, SKB_CONSUMED);
        kfree_skbmem(skb);
}

static void napi_skb_cache_put(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct napi_alloc_cache *nc = this_cpu_ptr(&napi_alloc_cache);
        u32 i;

        if (!kasan_mempool_poison_object(skb))
                return;

        local_lock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
        nc->skb_cache[nc->skb_count++] = skb;

        if (unlikely(nc->skb_count == NAPI_SKB_CACHE_SIZE)) {
                for (i = NAPI_SKB_CACHE_HALF; i < NAPI_SKB_CACHE_SIZE; i++)
                        kasan_mempool_unpoison_object(nc->skb_cache[i],
                                                kmem_cache_size(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache));

                kmem_cache_free_bulk(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, NAPI_SKB_CACHE_HALF,
                                     nc->skb_cache + NAPI_SKB_CACHE_HALF);
                nc->skb_count = NAPI_SKB_CACHE_HALF;
        }
        local_unlock_nested_bh(&napi_alloc_cache.bh_lock);
}

void __napi_kfree_skb(struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        skb_release_all(skb, reason);
        napi_skb_cache_put(skb);
}

void napi_skb_free_stolen_head(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (unlikely(skb->slow_gro)) {
                nf_reset_ct(skb);
                skb_dst_drop(skb);
                skb_ext_put(skb);
                skb_orphan(skb);
                skb->slow_gro = 0;
        }
        napi_skb_cache_put(skb);
}

void napi_consume_skb(struct sk_buff *skb, int budget)
{
        /* Zero budget indicate non-NAPI context called us, like netpoll */
        if (unlikely(!budget)) {
                dev_consume_skb_any(skb);
                return;
        }

        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(!in_softirq());

        if (!skb_unref(skb))
                return;

        /* if reaching here SKB is ready to free */
        trace_consume_skb(skb, __builtin_return_address(0));

        /* if SKB is a clone, don't handle this case */
        if (skb->fclone != SKB_FCLONE_UNAVAILABLE) {
                __kfree_skb(skb);
                return;
        }

        skb_release_all(skb, SKB_CONSUMED);
        napi_skb_cache_put(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(napi_consume_skb);

/* Make sure a field is contained by headers group */
#define CHECK_SKB_FIELD(field) \
        BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(struct sk_buff, field) !=         \
                     offsetof(struct sk_buff, headers.field));  \

static void __copy_skb_header(struct sk_buff *new, const struct sk_buff *old)
{
        new->tstamp             = old->tstamp;
        /* We do not copy old->sk */
        new->dev                = old->dev;
        memcpy(new->cb, old->cb, sizeof(old->cb));
        skb_dst_copy(new, old);
        __skb_ext_copy(new, old);
        __nf_copy(new, old, false);

        /* Note : this field could be in the headers group.
         * It is not yet because we do not want to have a 16 bit hole
         */
        new->queue_mapping = old->queue_mapping;

        memcpy(&new->headers, &old->headers, sizeof(new->headers));
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(protocol);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(csum);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(hash);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(priority);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(skb_iif);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(vlan_proto);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(vlan_tci);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(transport_header);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(network_header);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(mac_header);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(inner_protocol);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(inner_transport_header);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(inner_network_header);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(inner_mac_header);
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(mark);
#ifdef CONFIG_NETWORK_SECMARK
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(secmark);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_RX_BUSY_POLL
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(napi_id);
#endif
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(alloc_cpu);
#ifdef CONFIG_XPS
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(sender_cpu);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_SCHED
        CHECK_SKB_FIELD(tc_index);
#endif

}

/*
 * You should not add any new code to this function.  Add it to
 * __copy_skb_header above instead.
 */
static struct sk_buff *__skb_clone(struct sk_buff *n, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
#define C(x) n->x = skb->x

        n->next = n->prev = NULL;
        n->sk = NULL;
        __copy_skb_header(n, skb);

        C(len);
        C(data_len);
        C(mac_len);
        n->hdr_len = skb->nohdr ? skb_headroom(skb) : skb->hdr_len;
        n->cloned = 1;
        n->nohdr = 0;
        n->peeked = 0;
        C(pfmemalloc);
        C(pp_recycle);
        n->destructor = NULL;
        C(tail);
        C(end);
        C(head);
        C(head_frag);
        C(data);
        C(truesize);
        refcount_set(&n->users, 1);

        atomic_inc(&(skb_shinfo(skb)->dataref));
        skb->cloned = 1;

        return n;
#undef C
}

/**
 * alloc_skb_for_msg() - allocate sk_buff to wrap frag list forming a msg
 * @first: first sk_buff of the msg
 */
struct sk_buff *alloc_skb_for_msg(struct sk_buff *first)
{
        struct sk_buff *n;

        n = alloc_skb(0, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (!n)
                return NULL;

        n->len = first->len;
        n->data_len = first->len;
        n->truesize = first->truesize;

        skb_shinfo(n)->frag_list = first;

        __copy_skb_header(n, first);
        n->destructor = NULL;

        return n;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(alloc_skb_for_msg);

/**
 *      skb_morph       -       morph one skb into another
 *      @dst: the skb to receive the contents
 *      @src: the skb to supply the contents
 *
 *      This is identical to skb_clone except that the target skb is
 *      supplied by the user.
 *
 *      The target skb is returned upon exit.
 */
struct sk_buff *skb_morph(struct sk_buff *dst, struct sk_buff *src)
{
        skb_release_all(dst, SKB_CONSUMED);
        return __skb_clone(dst, src);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_morph);

int mm_account_pinned_pages(struct mmpin *mmp, size_t size)
{
        unsigned long max_pg, num_pg, new_pg, old_pg, rlim;
        struct user_struct *user;

        if (capable(CAP_IPC_LOCK) || !size)
                return 0;

        rlim = rlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK);
        if (rlim == RLIM_INFINITY)
                return 0;

        num_pg = (size >> PAGE_SHIFT) + 2;      /* worst case */
        max_pg = rlim >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        user = mmp->user ? : current_user();

        old_pg = atomic_long_read(&user->locked_vm);
        do {
                new_pg = old_pg + num_pg;
                if (new_pg > max_pg)
                        return -ENOBUFS;
        } while (!atomic_long_try_cmpxchg(&user->locked_vm, &old_pg, new_pg));

        if (!mmp->user) {
                mmp->user = get_uid(user);
                mmp->num_pg = num_pg;
        } else {
                mmp->num_pg += num_pg;
        }

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mm_account_pinned_pages);

void mm_unaccount_pinned_pages(struct mmpin *mmp)
{
        if (mmp->user) {
                atomic_long_sub(mmp->num_pg, &mmp->user->locked_vm);
                free_uid(mmp->user);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mm_unaccount_pinned_pages);

static struct ubuf_info *msg_zerocopy_alloc(struct sock *sk, size_t size)
{
        struct ubuf_info_msgzc *uarg;
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        WARN_ON_ONCE(!in_task());

        skb = sock_omalloc(sk, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!skb)
                return NULL;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(*uarg) > sizeof(skb->cb));
        uarg = (void *)skb->cb;
        uarg->mmp.user = NULL;

        if (mm_account_pinned_pages(&uarg->mmp, size)) {
                kfree_skb(skb);
                return NULL;
        }

        uarg->ubuf.ops = &msg_zerocopy_ubuf_ops;
        uarg->id = ((u32)atomic_inc_return(&sk->sk_zckey)) - 1;
        uarg->len = 1;
        uarg->bytelen = size;
        uarg->zerocopy = 1;
        uarg->ubuf.flags = SKBFL_ZEROCOPY_FRAG | SKBFL_DONT_ORPHAN;
        refcount_set(&uarg->ubuf.refcnt, 1);
        sock_hold(sk);

        return &uarg->ubuf;
}

static inline struct sk_buff *skb_from_uarg(struct ubuf_info_msgzc *uarg)
{
        return container_of((void *)uarg, struct sk_buff, cb);
}

struct ubuf_info *msg_zerocopy_realloc(struct sock *sk, size_t size,
                                       struct ubuf_info *uarg)
{
        if (uarg) {
                struct ubuf_info_msgzc *uarg_zc;
                const u32 byte_limit = 1 << 19;         /* limit to a few TSO */
                u32 bytelen, next;

                /* there might be non MSG_ZEROCOPY users */
                if (uarg->ops != &msg_zerocopy_ubuf_ops)
                        return NULL;

                /* realloc only when socket is locked (TCP, UDP cork),
                 * so uarg->len and sk_zckey access is serialized
                 */
                if (!sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
                        WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
                        return NULL;
                }

                uarg_zc = uarg_to_msgzc(uarg);
                bytelen = uarg_zc->bytelen + size;
                if (uarg_zc->len == USHRT_MAX - 1 || bytelen > byte_limit) {
                        /* TCP can create new skb to attach new uarg */
                        if (sk->sk_type == SOCK_STREAM)
                                goto new_alloc;
                        return NULL;
                }

                next = (u32)atomic_read(&sk->sk_zckey);
                if ((u32)(uarg_zc->id + uarg_zc->len) == next) {
                        if (mm_account_pinned_pages(&uarg_zc->mmp, size))
                                return NULL;
                        uarg_zc->len++;
                        uarg_zc->bytelen = bytelen;
                        atomic_set(&sk->sk_zckey, ++next);

                        /* no extra ref when appending to datagram (MSG_MORE) */
                        if (sk->sk_type == SOCK_STREAM)
                                net_zcopy_get(uarg);

                        return uarg;
                }
        }

new_alloc:
        return msg_zerocopy_alloc(sk, size);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(msg_zerocopy_realloc);

static bool skb_zerocopy_notify_extend(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 lo, u16 len)
{
        struct sock_exterr_skb *serr = SKB_EXT_ERR(skb);
        u32 old_lo, old_hi;
        u64 sum_len;

        old_lo = serr->ee.ee_info;
        old_hi = serr->ee.ee_data;
        sum_len = old_hi - old_lo + 1ULL + len;

        if (sum_len >= (1ULL << 32))
                return false;

        if (lo != old_hi + 1)
                return false;

        serr->ee.ee_data += len;
        return true;
}

static void __msg_zerocopy_callback(struct ubuf_info_msgzc *uarg)
{
        struct sk_buff *tail, *skb = skb_from_uarg(uarg);
        struct sock_exterr_skb *serr;
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;
        struct sk_buff_head *q;
        unsigned long flags;
        bool is_zerocopy;
        u32 lo, hi;
        u16 len;

        mm_unaccount_pinned_pages(&uarg->mmp);

        /* if !len, there was only 1 call, and it was aborted
         * so do not queue a completion notification
         */
        if (!uarg->len || sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD))
                goto release;

        len = uarg->len;
        lo = uarg->id;
        hi = uarg->id + len - 1;
        is_zerocopy = uarg->zerocopy;

        serr = SKB_EXT_ERR(skb);
        memset(serr, 0, sizeof(*serr));
        serr->ee.ee_errno = 0;
        serr->ee.ee_origin = SO_EE_ORIGIN_ZEROCOPY;
        serr->ee.ee_data = hi;
        serr->ee.ee_info = lo;
        if (!is_zerocopy)
                serr->ee.ee_code |= SO_EE_CODE_ZEROCOPY_COPIED;

        q = &sk->sk_error_queue;
        spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock, flags);
        tail = skb_peek_tail(q);
        if (!tail || SKB_EXT_ERR(tail)->ee.ee_origin != SO_EE_ORIGIN_ZEROCOPY ||
            !skb_zerocopy_notify_extend(tail, lo, len)) {
                __skb_queue_tail(q, skb);
                skb = NULL;
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);

        sk_error_report(sk);

release:
        consume_skb(skb);
        sock_put(sk);
}

static void msg_zerocopy_complete(struct sk_buff *skb, struct ubuf_info *uarg,
                                  bool success)
{
        struct ubuf_info_msgzc *uarg_zc = uarg_to_msgzc(uarg);

        uarg_zc->zerocopy = uarg_zc->zerocopy & success;

        if (refcount_dec_and_test(&uarg->refcnt))
                __msg_zerocopy_callback(uarg_zc);
}

void msg_zerocopy_put_abort(struct ubuf_info *uarg, bool have_uref)
{
        struct sock *sk = skb_from_uarg(uarg_to_msgzc(uarg))->sk;

        atomic_dec(&sk->sk_zckey);
        uarg_to_msgzc(uarg)->len--;

        if (have_uref)
                msg_zerocopy_complete(NULL, uarg, true);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(msg_zerocopy_put_abort);

const struct ubuf_info_ops msg_zerocopy_ubuf_ops = {
        .complete = msg_zerocopy_complete,
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(msg_zerocopy_ubuf_ops);

int skb_zerocopy_iter_stream(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
                             struct msghdr *msg, int len,
                             struct ubuf_info *uarg)
{
        int err, orig_len = skb->len;

        if (uarg->ops->link_skb) {
                err = uarg->ops->link_skb(skb, uarg);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        } else {
                struct ubuf_info *orig_uarg = skb_zcopy(skb);

                /* An skb can only point to one uarg. This edge case happens
                 * when TCP appends to an skb, but zerocopy_realloc triggered
                 * a new alloc.
                 */
                if (orig_uarg && uarg != orig_uarg)
                        return -EEXIST;
        }

        err = __zerocopy_sg_from_iter(msg, sk, skb, &msg->msg_iter, len);
        if (err == -EFAULT || (err == -EMSGSIZE && skb->len == orig_len)) {
                struct sock *save_sk = skb->sk;

                /* Streams do not free skb on error. Reset to prev state. */
                iov_iter_revert(&msg->msg_iter, skb->len - orig_len);
                skb->sk = sk;
                ___pskb_trim(skb, orig_len);
                skb->sk = save_sk;
                return err;
        }

        skb_zcopy_set(skb, uarg, NULL);
        return skb->len - orig_len;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_zerocopy_iter_stream);

void __skb_zcopy_downgrade_managed(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        int i;

        skb_shinfo(skb)->flags &= ~SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS;
        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++)
                skb_frag_ref(skb, i);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__skb_zcopy_downgrade_managed);

static int skb_zerocopy_clone(struct sk_buff *nskb, struct sk_buff *orig,
                              gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        if (skb_zcopy(orig)) {
                if (skb_zcopy(nskb)) {
                        /* !gfp_mask callers are verified to !skb_zcopy(nskb) */
                        if (!gfp_mask) {
                                WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
                                return -ENOMEM;
                        }
                        if (skb_uarg(nskb) == skb_uarg(orig))
                                return 0;
                        if (skb_copy_ubufs(nskb, GFP_ATOMIC))
                                return -EIO;
                }
                skb_zcopy_set(nskb, skb_uarg(orig), NULL);
        }
        return 0;
}

/**
 *      skb_copy_ubufs  -       copy userspace skb frags buffers to kernel
 *      @skb: the skb to modify
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation priority
 *
 *      This must be called on skb with SKBFL_ZEROCOPY_ENABLE.
 *      It will copy all frags into kernel and drop the reference
 *      to userspace pages.
 *
 *      If this function is called from an interrupt gfp_mask() must be
 *      %GFP_ATOMIC.
 *
 *      Returns 0 on success or a negative error code on failure
 *      to allocate kernel memory to copy to.
 */
int skb_copy_ubufs(struct sk_buff *skb, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        int num_frags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
        struct page *page, *head = NULL;
        int i, order, psize, new_frags;
        u32 d_off;

        if (skb_shared(skb) || skb_unclone(skb, gfp_mask))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (!num_frags)
                goto release;

        /* We might have to allocate high order pages, so compute what minimum
         * page order is needed.
         */
        order = 0;
        while ((PAGE_SIZE << order) * MAX_SKB_FRAGS < __skb_pagelen(skb))
                order++;
        psize = (PAGE_SIZE << order);

        new_frags = (__skb_pagelen(skb) + psize - 1) >> (PAGE_SHIFT + order);
        for (i = 0; i < new_frags; i++) {
                page = alloc_pages(gfp_mask | __GFP_COMP, order);
                if (!page) {
                        while (head) {
                                struct page *next = (struct page *)page_private(head);
                                put_page(head);
                                head = next;
                        }
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }
                set_page_private(page, (unsigned long)head);
                head = page;
        }

        page = head;
        d_off = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < num_frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *f = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                u32 p_off, p_len, copied;
                struct page *p;
                u8 *vaddr;

                skb_frag_foreach_page(f, skb_frag_off(f), skb_frag_size(f),
                                      p, p_off, p_len, copied) {
                        u32 copy, done = 0;
                        vaddr = kmap_atomic(p);

                        while (done < p_len) {
                                if (d_off == psize) {
                                        d_off = 0;
                                        page = (struct page *)page_private(page);
                                }
                                copy = min_t(u32, psize - d_off, p_len - done);
                                memcpy(page_address(page) + d_off,
                                       vaddr + p_off + done, copy);
                                done += copy;
                                d_off += copy;
                        }
                        kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                }
        }

        /* skb frags release userspace buffers */
        for (i = 0; i < num_frags; i++)
                skb_frag_unref(skb, i);

        /* skb frags point to kernel buffers */
        for (i = 0; i < new_frags - 1; i++) {
                __skb_fill_netmem_desc(skb, i, page_to_netmem(head), 0, psize);
                head = (struct page *)page_private(head);
        }
        __skb_fill_netmem_desc(skb, new_frags - 1, page_to_netmem(head), 0,
                               d_off);
        skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags = new_frags;

release:
        skb_zcopy_clear(skb, false);
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_copy_ubufs);

/**
 *      skb_clone       -       duplicate an sk_buff
 *      @skb: buffer to clone
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation priority
 *
 *      Duplicate an &sk_buff. The new one is not owned by a socket. Both
 *      copies share the same packet data but not structure. The new
 *      buffer has a reference count of 1. If the allocation fails the
 *      function returns %NULL otherwise the new buffer is returned.
 *
 *      If this function is called from an interrupt gfp_mask() must be
 *      %GFP_ATOMIC.
 */

struct sk_buff *skb_clone(struct sk_buff *skb, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        struct sk_buff_fclones *fclones = container_of(skb,
                                                       struct sk_buff_fclones,
                                                       skb1);
        struct sk_buff *n;

        if (skb_orphan_frags(skb, gfp_mask))
                return NULL;

        if (skb->fclone == SKB_FCLONE_ORIG &&
            refcount_read(&fclones->fclone_ref) == 1) {
                n = &fclones->skb2;
                refcount_set(&fclones->fclone_ref, 2);
                n->fclone = SKB_FCLONE_CLONE;
        } else {
                if (skb_pfmemalloc(skb))
                        gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

                n = kmem_cache_alloc(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, gfp_mask);
                if (!n)
                        return NULL;

                n->fclone = SKB_FCLONE_UNAVAILABLE;
        }

        return __skb_clone(n, skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_clone);

void skb_headers_offset_update(struct sk_buff *skb, int off)
{
        /* Only adjust this if it actually is csum_start rather than csum */
        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
                skb->csum_start += off;
        /* {transport,network,mac}_header and tail are relative to skb->head */
        skb->transport_header += off;
        skb->network_header   += off;
        if (skb_mac_header_was_set(skb))
                skb->mac_header += off;
        skb->inner_transport_header += off;
        skb->inner_network_header += off;
        skb->inner_mac_header += off;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_headers_offset_update);

void skb_copy_header(struct sk_buff *new, const struct sk_buff *old)
{
        __copy_skb_header(new, old);

        skb_shinfo(new)->gso_size = skb_shinfo(old)->gso_size;
        skb_shinfo(new)->gso_segs = skb_shinfo(old)->gso_segs;
        skb_shinfo(new)->gso_type = skb_shinfo(old)->gso_type;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_copy_header);

static inline int skb_alloc_rx_flag(const struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (skb_pfmemalloc(skb))
                return SKB_ALLOC_RX;
        return 0;
}

/**
 *      skb_copy        -       create private copy of an sk_buff
 *      @skb: buffer to copy
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation priority
 *
 *      Make a copy of both an &sk_buff and its data. This is used when the
 *      caller wishes to modify the data and needs a private copy of the
 *      data to alter. Returns %NULL on failure or the pointer to the buffer
 *      on success. The returned buffer has a reference count of 1.
 *
 *      As by-product this function converts non-linear &sk_buff to linear
 *      one, so that &sk_buff becomes completely private and caller is allowed
 *      to modify all the data of returned buffer. This means that this
 *      function is not recommended for use in circumstances when only
 *      header is going to be modified. Use pskb_copy() instead.
 */

struct sk_buff *skb_copy(const struct sk_buff *skb, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        struct sk_buff *n;
        unsigned int size;
        int headerlen;

        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST))
                return NULL;

        headerlen = skb_headroom(skb);
        size = skb_end_offset(skb) + skb->data_len;
        n = __alloc_skb(size, gfp_mask,
                        skb_alloc_rx_flag(skb), NUMA_NO_NODE);
        if (!n)
                return NULL;

        /* Set the data pointer */
        skb_reserve(n, headerlen);
        /* Set the tail pointer and length */
        skb_put(n, skb->len);

        BUG_ON(skb_copy_bits(skb, -headerlen, n->head, headerlen + skb->len));

        skb_copy_header(n, skb);
        return n;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_copy);

/**
 *      __pskb_copy_fclone      -  create copy of an sk_buff with private head.
 *      @skb: buffer to copy
 *      @headroom: headroom of new skb
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation priority
 *      @fclone: if true allocate the copy of the skb from the fclone
 *      cache instead of the head cache; it is recommended to set this
 *      to true for the cases where the copy will likely be cloned
 *
 *      Make a copy of both an &sk_buff and part of its data, located
 *      in header. Fragmented data remain shared. This is used when
 *      the caller wishes to modify only header of &sk_buff and needs
 *      private copy of the header to alter. Returns %NULL on failure
 *      or the pointer to the buffer on success.
 *      The returned buffer has a reference count of 1.
 */

struct sk_buff *__pskb_copy_fclone(struct sk_buff *skb, int headroom,
                                   gfp_t gfp_mask, bool fclone)
{
        unsigned int size = skb_headlen(skb) + headroom;
        int flags = skb_alloc_rx_flag(skb) | (fclone ? SKB_ALLOC_FCLONE : 0);
        struct sk_buff *n = __alloc_skb(size, gfp_mask, flags, NUMA_NO_NODE);

        if (!n)
                goto out;

        /* Set the data pointer */
        skb_reserve(n, headroom);
        /* Set the tail pointer and length */
        skb_put(n, skb_headlen(skb));
        /* Copy the bytes */
        skb_copy_from_linear_data(skb, n->data, n->len);

        n->truesize += skb->data_len;
        n->data_len  = skb->data_len;
        n->len       = skb->len;

        if (skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags) {
                int i;

                if (skb_orphan_frags(skb, gfp_mask) ||
                    skb_zerocopy_clone(n, skb, gfp_mask)) {
                        kfree_skb(n);
                        n = NULL;
                        goto out;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                        skb_shinfo(n)->frags[i] = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                        skb_frag_ref(skb, i);
                }
                skb_shinfo(n)->nr_frags = i;
        }

        if (skb_has_frag_list(skb)) {
                skb_shinfo(n)->frag_list = skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list;
                skb_clone_fraglist(n);
        }

        skb_copy_header(n, skb);
out:
        return n;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__pskb_copy_fclone);

/**
 *      pskb_expand_head - reallocate header of &sk_buff
 *      @skb: buffer to reallocate
 *      @nhead: room to add at head
 *      @ntail: room to add at tail
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation priority
 *
 *      Expands (or creates identical copy, if @nhead and @ntail are zero)
 *      header of @skb. &sk_buff itself is not changed. &sk_buff MUST have
 *      reference count of 1. Returns zero in the case of success or error,
 *      if expansion failed. In the last case, &sk_buff is not changed.
 *
 *      All the pointers pointing into skb header may change and must be
 *      reloaded after call to this function.
 */

int pskb_expand_head(struct sk_buff *skb, int nhead, int ntail,
                     gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        unsigned int osize = skb_end_offset(skb);
        unsigned int size = osize + nhead + ntail;
        long off;
        u8 *data;
        int i;

        BUG_ON(nhead < 0);

        BUG_ON(skb_shared(skb));

        skb_zcopy_downgrade_managed(skb);

        if (skb_pfmemalloc(skb))
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

        data = kmalloc_reserve(&size, gfp_mask, NUMA_NO_NODE, NULL);
        if (!data)
                goto nodata;
        size = SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(size);

        /* Copy only real data... and, alas, header. This should be
         * optimized for the cases when header is void.
         */
        memcpy(data + nhead, skb->head, skb_tail_pointer(skb) - skb->head);

        memcpy((struct skb_shared_info *)(data + size),
               skb_shinfo(skb),
               offsetof(struct skb_shared_info, frags[skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags]));

        /*
         * if shinfo is shared we must drop the old head gracefully, but if it
         * is not we can just drop the old head and let the existing refcount
         * be since all we did is relocate the values
         */
        if (skb_cloned(skb)) {
                if (skb_orphan_frags(skb, gfp_mask))
                        goto nofrags;
                if (skb_zcopy(skb))
                        refcount_inc(&skb_uarg(skb)->refcnt);
                for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++)
                        skb_frag_ref(skb, i);

                if (skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                        skb_clone_fraglist(skb);

                skb_release_data(skb, SKB_CONSUMED);
        } else {
                skb_free_head(skb);
        }
        off = (data + nhead) - skb->head;

        skb->head     = data;
        skb->head_frag = 0;
        skb->data    += off;

        skb_set_end_offset(skb, size);
#ifdef NET_SKBUFF_DATA_USES_OFFSET
        off           = nhead;
#endif
        skb->tail             += off;
        skb_headers_offset_update(skb, nhead);
        skb->cloned   = 0;
        skb->hdr_len  = 0;
        skb->nohdr    = 0;
        atomic_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->dataref, 1);

        skb_metadata_clear(skb);

        /* It is not generally safe to change skb->truesize.
         * For the moment, we really care of rx path, or
         * when skb is orphaned (not attached to a socket).
         */
        if (!skb->sk || skb->destructor == sock_edemux)
                skb->truesize += size - osize;

        return 0;

nofrags:
        skb_kfree_head(data, size);
nodata:
        return -ENOMEM;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pskb_expand_head);

/* Make private copy of skb with writable head and some headroom */

struct sk_buff *skb_realloc_headroom(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int headroom)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb2;
        int delta = headroom - skb_headroom(skb);

        if (delta <= 0)
                skb2 = pskb_copy(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
        else {
                skb2 = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (skb2 && pskb_expand_head(skb2, SKB_DATA_ALIGN(delta), 0,
                                             GFP_ATOMIC)) {
                        kfree_skb(skb2);
                        skb2 = NULL;
                }
        }
        return skb2;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_realloc_headroom);

/* Note: We plan to rework this in linux-6.4 */
int __skb_unclone_keeptruesize(struct sk_buff *skb, gfp_t pri)
{
        unsigned int saved_end_offset, saved_truesize;
        struct skb_shared_info *shinfo;
        int res;

        saved_end_offset = skb_end_offset(skb);
        saved_truesize = skb->truesize;

        res = pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, pri);
        if (res)
                return res;

        skb->truesize = saved_truesize;

        if (likely(skb_end_offset(skb) == saved_end_offset))
                return 0;

        /* We can not change skb->end if the original or new value
         * is SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM, as it might break skb_kfree_head().
         */
        if (saved_end_offset == SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM ||
            skb_end_offset(skb) == SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM) {
                /* We think this path should not be taken.
                 * Add a temporary trace to warn us just in case.
                 */
                pr_err_once("__skb_unclone_keeptruesize() skb_end_offset() %u -> %u\n",
                            saved_end_offset, skb_end_offset(skb));
                WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
                return 0;
        }

        shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);

        /* We are about to change back skb->end,
         * we need to move skb_shinfo() to its new location.
         */
        memmove(skb->head + saved_end_offset,
                shinfo,
                offsetof(struct skb_shared_info, frags[shinfo->nr_frags]));

        skb_set_end_offset(skb, saved_end_offset);

        return 0;
}

/**
 *      skb_expand_head - reallocate header of &sk_buff
 *      @skb: buffer to reallocate
 *      @headroom: needed headroom
 *
 *      Unlike skb_realloc_headroom, this one does not allocate a new skb
 *      if possible; copies skb->sk to new skb as needed
 *      and frees original skb in case of failures.
 *
 *      It expect increased headroom and generates warning otherwise.
 */

struct sk_buff *skb_expand_head(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int headroom)
{
        int delta = headroom - skb_headroom(skb);
        int osize = skb_end_offset(skb);
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;

        if (WARN_ONCE(delta <= 0,
                      "%s is expecting an increase in the headroom", __func__))
                return skb;

        delta = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(delta);
        /* pskb_expand_head() might crash, if skb is shared. */
        if (skb_shared(skb) || !is_skb_wmem(skb)) {
                struct sk_buff *nskb = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);

                if (unlikely(!nskb))
                        goto fail;

                if (sk)
                        skb_set_owner_w(nskb, sk);
                consume_skb(skb);
                skb = nskb;
        }
        if (pskb_expand_head(skb, delta, 0, GFP_ATOMIC))
                goto fail;

        if (sk && is_skb_wmem(skb)) {
                delta = skb_end_offset(skb) - osize;
                refcount_add(delta, &sk->sk_wmem_alloc);
                skb->truesize += delta;
        }
        return skb;

fail:
        kfree_skb(skb);
        return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_expand_head);

/**
 *      skb_copy_expand -       copy and expand sk_buff
 *      @skb: buffer to copy
 *      @newheadroom: new free bytes at head
 *      @newtailroom: new free bytes at tail
 *      @gfp_mask: allocation priority
 *
 *      Make a copy of both an &sk_buff and its data and while doing so
 *      allocate additional space.
 *
 *      This is used when the caller wishes to modify the data and needs a
 *      private copy of the data to alter as well as more space for new fields.
 *      Returns %NULL on failure or the pointer to the buffer
 *      on success. The returned buffer has a reference count of 1.
 *
 *      You must pass %GFP_ATOMIC as the allocation priority if this function
 *      is called from an interrupt.
 */
struct sk_buff *skb_copy_expand(const struct sk_buff *skb,
                                int newheadroom, int newtailroom,
                                gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        /*
         *      Allocate the copy buffer
         */
        int head_copy_len, head_copy_off;
        struct sk_buff *n;
        int oldheadroom;

        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST))
                return NULL;

        oldheadroom = skb_headroom(skb);
        n = __alloc_skb(newheadroom + skb->len + newtailroom,
                        gfp_mask, skb_alloc_rx_flag(skb),
                        NUMA_NO_NODE);
        if (!n)
                return NULL;

        skb_reserve(n, newheadroom);

        /* Set the tail pointer and length */
        skb_put(n, skb->len);

        head_copy_len = oldheadroom;
        head_copy_off = 0;
        if (newheadroom <= head_copy_len)
                head_copy_len = newheadroom;
        else
                head_copy_off = newheadroom - head_copy_len;

        /* Copy the linear header and data. */
        BUG_ON(skb_copy_bits(skb, -head_copy_len, n->head + head_copy_off,
                             skb->len + head_copy_len));

        skb_copy_header(n, skb);

        skb_headers_offset_update(n, newheadroom - oldheadroom);

        return n;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_copy_expand);

/**
 *      __skb_pad               -       zero pad the tail of an skb
 *      @skb: buffer to pad
 *      @pad: space to pad
 *      @free_on_error: free buffer on error
 *
 *      Ensure that a buffer is followed by a padding area that is zero
 *      filled. Used by network drivers which may DMA or transfer data
 *      beyond the buffer end onto the wire.
 *
 *      May return error in out of memory cases. The skb is freed on error
 *      if @free_on_error is true.
 */

int __skb_pad(struct sk_buff *skb, int pad, bool free_on_error)
{
        int err;
        int ntail;

        /* If the skbuff is non linear tailroom is always zero.. */
        if (!skb_cloned(skb) && skb_tailroom(skb) >= pad) {
                memset(skb->data+skb->len, 0, pad);
                return 0;
        }

        ntail = skb->data_len + pad - (skb->end - skb->tail);
        if (likely(skb_cloned(skb) || ntail > 0)) {
                err = pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, ntail, GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (unlikely(err))
                        goto free_skb;
        }

        /* FIXME: The use of this function with non-linear skb's really needs
         * to be audited.
         */
        err = skb_linearize(skb);
        if (unlikely(err))
                goto free_skb;

        memset(skb->data + skb->len, 0, pad);
        return 0;

free_skb:
        if (free_on_error)
                kfree_skb(skb);
        return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_pad);

/**
 *      pskb_put - add data to the tail of a potentially fragmented buffer
 *      @skb: start of the buffer to use
 *      @tail: tail fragment of the buffer to use
 *      @len: amount of data to add
 *
 *      This function extends the used data area of the potentially
 *      fragmented buffer. @tail must be the last fragment of @skb -- or
 *      @skb itself. If this would exceed the total buffer size the kernel
 *      will panic. A pointer to the first byte of the extra data is
 *      returned.
 */

void *pskb_put(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sk_buff *tail, int len)
{
        if (tail != skb) {
                skb->data_len += len;
                skb->len += len;
        }
        return skb_put(tail, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pskb_put);

/**
 *      skb_put - add data to a buffer
 *      @skb: buffer to use
 *      @len: amount of data to add
 *
 *      This function extends the used data area of the buffer. If this would
 *      exceed the total buffer size the kernel will panic. A pointer to the
 *      first byte of the extra data is returned.
 */
void *skb_put(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        void *tmp = skb_tail_pointer(skb);
        SKB_LINEAR_ASSERT(skb);
        skb->tail += len;
        skb->len  += len;
        if (unlikely(skb->tail > skb->end))
                skb_over_panic(skb, len, __builtin_return_address(0));
        return tmp;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_put);

/**
 *      skb_push - add data to the start of a buffer
 *      @skb: buffer to use
 *      @len: amount of data to add
 *
 *      This function extends the used data area of the buffer at the buffer
 *      start. If this would exceed the total buffer headroom the kernel will
 *      panic. A pointer to the first byte of the extra data is returned.
 */
void *skb_push(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        skb->data -= len;
        skb->len  += len;
        if (unlikely(skb->data < skb->head))
                skb_under_panic(skb, len, __builtin_return_address(0));
        return skb->data;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_push);

/**
 *      skb_pull - remove data from the start of a buffer
 *      @skb: buffer to use
 *      @len: amount of data to remove
 *
 *      This function removes data from the start of a buffer, returning
 *      the memory to the headroom. A pointer to the next data in the buffer
 *      is returned. Once the data has been pulled future pushes will overwrite
 *      the old data.
 */
void *skb_pull(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        return skb_pull_inline(skb, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_pull);

/**
 *      skb_pull_data - remove data from the start of a buffer returning its
 *      original position.
 *      @skb: buffer to use
 *      @len: amount of data to remove
 *
 *      This function removes data from the start of a buffer, returning
 *      the memory to the headroom. A pointer to the original data in the buffer
 *      is returned after checking if there is enough data to pull. Once the
 *      data has been pulled future pushes will overwrite the old data.
 */
void *skb_pull_data(struct sk_buff *skb, size_t len)
{
        void *data = skb->data;

        if (skb->len < len)
                return NULL;

        skb_pull(skb, len);

        return data;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_pull_data);

/**
 *      skb_trim - remove end from a buffer
 *      @skb: buffer to alter
 *      @len: new length
 *
 *      Cut the length of a buffer down by removing data from the tail. If
 *      the buffer is already under the length specified it is not modified.
 *      The skb must be linear.
 */
void skb_trim(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        if (skb->len > len)
                __skb_trim(skb, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_trim);

/* Trims skb to length len. It can change skb pointers.
 */

int ___pskb_trim(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        struct sk_buff **fragp;
        struct sk_buff *frag;
        int offset = skb_headlen(skb);
        int nfrags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
        int i;
        int err;

        if (skb_cloned(skb) &&
            unlikely((err = pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, GFP_ATOMIC))))
                return err;

        i = 0;
        if (offset >= len)
                goto drop_pages;

        for (; i < nfrags; i++) {
                int end = offset + skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);

                if (end < len) {
                        offset = end;
                        continue;
                }

                skb_frag_size_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i++], len - offset);

drop_pages:
                skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags = i;

                for (; i < nfrags; i++)
                        skb_frag_unref(skb, i);

                if (skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                        skb_drop_fraglist(skb);
                goto done;
        }

        for (fragp = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list; (frag = *fragp);
             fragp = &frag->next) {
                int end = offset + frag->len;

                if (skb_shared(frag)) {
                        struct sk_buff *nfrag;

                        nfrag = skb_clone(frag, GFP_ATOMIC);
                        if (unlikely(!nfrag))
                                return -ENOMEM;

                        nfrag->next = frag->next;
                        consume_skb(frag);
                        frag = nfrag;
                        *fragp = frag;
                }

                if (end < len) {
                        offset = end;
                        continue;
                }

                if (end > len &&
                    unlikely((err = pskb_trim(frag, len - offset))))
                        return err;

                if (frag->next)
                        skb_drop_list(&frag->next);
                break;
        }

done:
        if (len > skb_headlen(skb)) {
                skb->data_len -= skb->len - len;
                skb->len       = len;
        } else {
                skb->len       = len;
                skb->data_len  = 0;
                skb_set_tail_pointer(skb, len);
        }

        if (!skb->sk || skb->destructor == sock_edemux)
                skb_condense(skb);
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(___pskb_trim);

/* Note : use pskb_trim_rcsum() instead of calling this directly
 */
int pskb_trim_rcsum_slow(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE) {
                int delta = skb->len - len;

                skb->csum = csum_block_sub(skb->csum,
                                           skb_checksum(skb, len, delta, 0),
                                           len);
        } else if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL) {
                int hdlen = (len > skb_headlen(skb)) ? skb_headlen(skb) : len;
                int offset = skb_checksum_start_offset(skb) + skb->csum_offset;

                if (offset + sizeof(__sum16) > hdlen)
                        return -EINVAL;
        }
        return __pskb_trim(skb, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pskb_trim_rcsum_slow);

/**
 *      __pskb_pull_tail - advance tail of skb header
 *      @skb: buffer to reallocate
 *      @delta: number of bytes to advance tail
 *
 *      The function makes a sense only on a fragmented &sk_buff,
 *      it expands header moving its tail forward and copying necessary
 *      data from fragmented part.
 *
 *      &sk_buff MUST have reference count of 1.
 *
 *      Returns %NULL (and &sk_buff does not change) if pull failed
 *      or value of new tail of skb in the case of success.
 *
 *      All the pointers pointing into skb header may change and must be
 *      reloaded after call to this function.
 */

/* Moves tail of skb head forward, copying data from fragmented part,
 * when it is necessary.
 * 1. It may fail due to malloc failure.
 * 2. It may change skb pointers.
 *
 * It is pretty complicated. Luckily, it is called only in exceptional cases.
 */
void *__pskb_pull_tail(struct sk_buff *skb, int delta)
{
        /* If skb has not enough free space at tail, get new one
         * plus 128 bytes for future expansions. If we have enough
         * room at tail, reallocate without expansion only if skb is cloned.
         */
        int i, k, eat = (skb->tail + delta) - skb->end;

        if (eat > 0 || skb_cloned(skb)) {
                if (pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, eat > 0 ? eat + 128 : 0,
                                     GFP_ATOMIC))
                        return NULL;
        }

        BUG_ON(skb_copy_bits(skb, skb_headlen(skb),
                             skb_tail_pointer(skb), delta));

        /* Optimization: no fragments, no reasons to preestimate
         * size of pulled pages. Superb.
         */
        if (!skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                goto pull_pages;

        /* Estimate size of pulled pages. */
        eat = delta;
        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int size = skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);

                if (size >= eat)
                        goto pull_pages;
                eat -= size;
        }

        /* If we need update frag list, we are in troubles.
         * Certainly, it is possible to add an offset to skb data,
         * but taking into account that pulling is expected to
         * be very rare operation, it is worth to fight against
         * further bloating skb head and crucify ourselves here instead.
         * Pure masohism, indeed. 8)8)
         */
        if (eat) {
                struct sk_buff *list = skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list;
                struct sk_buff *clone = NULL;
                struct sk_buff *insp = NULL;

                do {
                        if (list->len <= eat) {
                                /* Eaten as whole. */
                                eat -= list->len;
                                list = list->next;
                                insp = list;
                        } else {
                                /* Eaten partially. */
                                if (skb_is_gso(skb) && !list->head_frag &&
                                    skb_headlen(list))
                                        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_DODGY;

                                if (skb_shared(list)) {
                                        /* Sucks! We need to fork list. :-( */
                                        clone = skb_clone(list, GFP_ATOMIC);
                                        if (!clone)
                                                return NULL;
                                        insp = list->next;
                                        list = clone;
                                } else {
                                        /* This may be pulled without
                                         * problems. */
                                        insp = list;
                                }
                                if (!pskb_pull(list, eat)) {
                                        kfree_skb(clone);
                                        return NULL;
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                } while (eat);

                /* Free pulled out fragments. */
                while ((list = skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list) != insp) {
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list = list->next;
                        consume_skb(list);
                }
                /* And insert new clone at head. */
                if (clone) {
                        clone->next = list;
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list = clone;
                }
        }
        /* Success! Now we may commit changes to skb data. */

pull_pages:
        eat = delta;
        k = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int size = skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);

                if (size <= eat) {
                        skb_frag_unref(skb, i);
                        eat -= size;
                } else {
                        skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[k];

                        *frag = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                        if (eat) {
                                skb_frag_off_add(frag, eat);
                                skb_frag_size_sub(frag, eat);
                                if (!i)
                                        goto end;
                                eat = 0;
                        }
                        k++;
                }
        }
        skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags = k;

end:
        skb->tail     += delta;
        skb->data_len -= delta;

        if (!skb->data_len)
                skb_zcopy_clear(skb, false);

        return skb_tail_pointer(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__pskb_pull_tail);

/**
 *      skb_copy_bits - copy bits from skb to kernel buffer
 *      @skb: source skb
 *      @offset: offset in source
 *      @to: destination buffer
 *      @len: number of bytes to copy
 *
 *      Copy the specified number of bytes from the source skb to the
 *      destination buffer.
 *
 *      CAUTION ! :
 *              If its prototype is ever changed,
 *              check arch/{*}/net/{*}.S files,
 *              since it is called from BPF assembly code.
 */
int skb_copy_bits(const struct sk_buff *skb, int offset, void *to, int len)
{
        int start = skb_headlen(skb);
        struct sk_buff *frag_iter;
        int i, copy;

        if (offset > (int)skb->len - len)
                goto fault;

        /* Copy header. */
        if ((copy = start - offset) > 0) {
                if (copy > len)
                        copy = len;
                skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset(skb, offset, to, copy);
                if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                        return 0;
                offset += copy;
                to     += copy;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int end;
                skb_frag_t *f = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + skb_frag_size(f);
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        u32 p_off, p_len, copied;
                        struct page *p;
                        u8 *vaddr;

                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;

                        skb_frag_foreach_page(f,
                                              skb_frag_off(f) + offset - start,
                                              copy, p, p_off, p_len, copied) {
                                vaddr = kmap_atomic(p);
                                memcpy(to + copied, vaddr + p_off, p_len);
                                kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                        }

                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return 0;
                        offset += copy;
                        to     += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }

        skb_walk_frags(skb, frag_iter) {
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + frag_iter->len;
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;
                        if (skb_copy_bits(frag_iter, offset - start, to, copy))
                                goto fault;
                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return 0;
                        offset += copy;
                        to     += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }

        if (!len)
                return 0;

fault:
        return -EFAULT;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_copy_bits);

/*
 * Callback from splice_to_pipe(), if we need to release some pages
 * at the end of the spd in case we error'ed out in filling the pipe.
 */
static void sock_spd_release(struct splice_pipe_desc *spd, unsigned int i)
{
        put_page(spd->pages[i]);
}

static struct page *linear_to_page(struct page *page, unsigned int *len,
                                   unsigned int *offset,
                                   struct sock *sk)
{
        struct page_frag *pfrag = sk_page_frag(sk);

        if (!sk_page_frag_refill(sk, pfrag))
                return NULL;

        *len = min_t(unsigned int, *len, pfrag->size - pfrag->offset);

        memcpy(page_address(pfrag->page) + pfrag->offset,
               page_address(page) + *offset, *len);
        *offset = pfrag->offset;
        pfrag->offset += *len;

        return pfrag->page;
}

static bool spd_can_coalesce(const struct splice_pipe_desc *spd,
                             struct page *page,
                             unsigned int offset)
{
        return  spd->nr_pages &&
                spd->pages[spd->nr_pages - 1] == page &&
                (spd->partial[spd->nr_pages - 1].offset +
                 spd->partial[spd->nr_pages - 1].len == offset);
}

/*
 * Fill page/offset/length into spd, if it can hold more pages.
 */
static bool spd_fill_page(struct splice_pipe_desc *spd,
                          struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, struct page *page,
                          unsigned int *len, unsigned int offset,
                          bool linear,
                          struct sock *sk)
{
        if (unlikely(spd->nr_pages == MAX_SKB_FRAGS))
                return true;

        if (linear) {
                page = linear_to_page(page, len, &offset, sk);
                if (!page)
                        return true;
        }
        if (spd_can_coalesce(spd, page, offset)) {
                spd->partial[spd->nr_pages - 1].len += *len;
                return false;
        }
        get_page(page);
        spd->pages[spd->nr_pages] = page;
        spd->partial[spd->nr_pages].len = *len;
        spd->partial[spd->nr_pages].offset = offset;
        spd->nr_pages++;

        return false;
}

static bool __splice_segment(struct page *page, unsigned int poff,
                             unsigned int plen, unsigned int *off,
                             unsigned int *len,
                             struct splice_pipe_desc *spd, bool linear,
                             struct sock *sk,
                             struct pipe_inode_info *pipe)
{
        if (!*len)
                return true;

        /* skip this segment if already processed */
        if (*off >= plen) {
                *off -= plen;
                return false;
        }

        /* ignore any bits we already processed */
        poff += *off;
        plen -= *off;
        *off = 0;

        do {
                unsigned int flen = min(*len, plen);

                if (spd_fill_page(spd, pipe, page, &flen, poff,
                                  linear, sk))
                        return true;
                poff += flen;
                plen -= flen;
                *len -= flen;
        } while (*len && plen);

        return false;
}

/*
 * Map linear and fragment data from the skb to spd. It reports true if the
 * pipe is full or if we already spliced the requested length.
 */
static bool __skb_splice_bits(struct sk_buff *skb, struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
                              unsigned int *offset, unsigned int *len,
                              struct splice_pipe_desc *spd, struct sock *sk)
{
        int seg;
        struct sk_buff *iter;

        /* map the linear part :
         * If skb->head_frag is set, this 'linear' part is backed by a
         * fragment, and if the head is not shared with any clones then
         * we can avoid a copy since we own the head portion of this page.
         */
        if (__splice_segment(virt_to_page(skb->data),
                             (unsigned long) skb->data & (PAGE_SIZE - 1),
                             skb_headlen(skb),
                             offset, len, spd,
                             skb_head_is_locked(skb),
                             sk, pipe))
                return true;

        /*
         * then map the fragments
         */
        for (seg = 0; seg < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; seg++) {
                const skb_frag_t *f = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[seg];

                if (__splice_segment(skb_frag_page(f),
                                     skb_frag_off(f), skb_frag_size(f),
                                     offset, len, spd, false, sk, pipe))
                        return true;
        }

        skb_walk_frags(skb, iter) {
                if (*offset >= iter->len) {
                        *offset -= iter->len;
                        continue;
                }
                /* __skb_splice_bits() only fails if the output has no room
                 * left, so no point in going over the frag_list for the error
                 * case.
                 */
                if (__skb_splice_bits(iter, pipe, offset, len, spd, sk))
                        return true;
        }

        return false;
}

/*
 * Map data from the skb to a pipe. Should handle both the linear part,
 * the fragments, and the frag list.
 */
int skb_splice_bits(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sock *sk, unsigned int offset,
                    struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned int tlen,
                    unsigned int flags)
{
        struct partial_page partial[MAX_SKB_FRAGS];
        struct page *pages[MAX_SKB_FRAGS];
        struct splice_pipe_desc spd = {
                .pages = pages,
                .partial = partial,
                .nr_pages_max = MAX_SKB_FRAGS,
                .ops = &nosteal_pipe_buf_ops,
                .spd_release = sock_spd_release,
        };
        int ret = 0;

        __skb_splice_bits(skb, pipe, &offset, &tlen, &spd, sk);

        if (spd.nr_pages)
                ret = splice_to_pipe(pipe, &spd);

        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_splice_bits);

static int sendmsg_locked(struct sock *sk, struct msghdr *msg)
{
        struct socket *sock = sk->sk_socket;
        size_t size = msg_data_left(msg);

        if (!sock)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (!sock->ops->sendmsg_locked)
                return sock_no_sendmsg_locked(sk, msg, size);

        return sock->ops->sendmsg_locked(sk, msg, size);
}

static int sendmsg_unlocked(struct sock *sk, struct msghdr *msg)
{
        struct socket *sock = sk->sk_socket;

        if (!sock)
                return -EINVAL;
        return sock_sendmsg(sock, msg);
}

typedef int (*sendmsg_func)(struct sock *sk, struct msghdr *msg);
static int __skb_send_sock(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, int offset,
                           int len, sendmsg_func sendmsg)
{
        unsigned int orig_len = len;
        struct sk_buff *head = skb;
        unsigned short fragidx;
        int slen, ret;

do_frag_list:

        /* Deal with head data */
        while (offset < skb_headlen(skb) && len) {
                struct kvec kv;
                struct msghdr msg;

                slen = min_t(int, len, skb_headlen(skb) - offset);
                kv.iov_base = skb->data + offset;
                kv.iov_len = slen;
                memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
                msg.msg_flags = MSG_DONTWAIT;

                iov_iter_kvec(&msg.msg_iter, ITER_SOURCE, &kv, 1, slen);
                ret = INDIRECT_CALL_2(sendmsg, sendmsg_locked,
                                      sendmsg_unlocked, sk, &msg);
                if (ret <= 0)
                        goto error;

                offset += ret;
                len -= ret;
        }

        /* All the data was skb head? */
        if (!len)
                goto out;

        /* Make offset relative to start of frags */
        offset -= skb_headlen(skb);

        /* Find where we are in frag list */
        for (fragidx = 0; fragidx < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; fragidx++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag  = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[fragidx];

                if (offset < skb_frag_size(frag))
                        break;

                offset -= skb_frag_size(frag);
        }

        for (; len && fragidx < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; fragidx++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag  = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[fragidx];

                slen = min_t(size_t, len, skb_frag_size(frag) - offset);

                while (slen) {
                        struct bio_vec bvec;
                        struct msghdr msg = {
                                .msg_flags = MSG_SPLICE_PAGES | MSG_DONTWAIT,
                        };

                        bvec_set_page(&bvec, skb_frag_page(frag), slen,
                                      skb_frag_off(frag) + offset);
                        iov_iter_bvec(&msg.msg_iter, ITER_SOURCE, &bvec, 1,
                                      slen);

                        ret = INDIRECT_CALL_2(sendmsg, sendmsg_locked,
                                              sendmsg_unlocked, sk, &msg);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto error;

                        len -= ret;
                        offset += ret;
                        slen -= ret;
                }

                offset = 0;
        }

        if (len) {
                /* Process any frag lists */

                if (skb == head) {
                        if (skb_has_frag_list(skb)) {
                                skb = skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list;
                                goto do_frag_list;
                        }
                } else if (skb->next) {
                        skb = skb->next;
                        goto do_frag_list;
                }
        }

out:
        return orig_len - len;

error:
        return orig_len == len ? ret : orig_len - len;
}

/* Send skb data on a socket. Socket must be locked. */
int skb_send_sock_locked(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, int offset,
                         int len)
{
        return __skb_send_sock(sk, skb, offset, len, sendmsg_locked);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_send_sock_locked);

/* Send skb data on a socket. Socket must be unlocked. */
int skb_send_sock(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, int offset, int len)
{
        return __skb_send_sock(sk, skb, offset, len, sendmsg_unlocked);
}

/**
 *      skb_store_bits - store bits from kernel buffer to skb
 *      @skb: destination buffer
 *      @offset: offset in destination
 *      @from: source buffer
 *      @len: number of bytes to copy
 *
 *      Copy the specified number of bytes from the source buffer to the
 *      destination skb.  This function handles all the messy bits of
 *      traversing fragment lists and such.
 */

int skb_store_bits(struct sk_buff *skb, int offset, const void *from, int len)
{
        int start = skb_headlen(skb);
        struct sk_buff *frag_iter;
        int i, copy;

        if (offset > (int)skb->len - len)
                goto fault;

        if ((copy = start - offset) > 0) {
                if (copy > len)
                        copy = len;
                skb_copy_to_linear_data_offset(skb, offset, from, copy);
                if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                        return 0;
                offset += copy;
                from += copy;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + skb_frag_size(frag);
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        u32 p_off, p_len, copied;
                        struct page *p;
                        u8 *vaddr;

                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;

                        skb_frag_foreach_page(frag,
                                              skb_frag_off(frag) + offset - start,
                                              copy, p, p_off, p_len, copied) {
                                vaddr = kmap_atomic(p);
                                memcpy(vaddr + p_off, from + copied, p_len);
                                kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                        }

                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return 0;
                        offset += copy;
                        from += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }

        skb_walk_frags(skb, frag_iter) {
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + frag_iter->len;
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;
                        if (skb_store_bits(frag_iter, offset - start,
                                           from, copy))
                                goto fault;
                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return 0;
                        offset += copy;
                        from += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }
        if (!len)
                return 0;

fault:
        return -EFAULT;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_store_bits);

/* Checksum skb data. */
__wsum __skb_checksum(const struct sk_buff *skb, int offset, int len,
                      __wsum csum, const struct skb_checksum_ops *ops)
{
        int start = skb_headlen(skb);
        int i, copy = start - offset;
        struct sk_buff *frag_iter;
        int pos = 0;

        /* Checksum header. */
        if (copy > 0) {
                if (copy > len)
                        copy = len;
                csum = INDIRECT_CALL_1(ops->update, csum_partial_ext,
                                       skb->data + offset, copy, csum);
                if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                        return csum;
                offset += copy;
                pos     = copy;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int end;
                skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + skb_frag_size(frag);
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        u32 p_off, p_len, copied;
                        struct page *p;
                        __wsum csum2;
                        u8 *vaddr;

                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;

                        skb_frag_foreach_page(frag,
                                              skb_frag_off(frag) + offset - start,
                                              copy, p, p_off, p_len, copied) {
                                vaddr = kmap_atomic(p);
                                csum2 = INDIRECT_CALL_1(ops->update,
                                                        csum_partial_ext,
                                                        vaddr + p_off, p_len, 0);
                                kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                                csum = INDIRECT_CALL_1(ops->combine,
                                                       csum_block_add_ext, csum,
                                                       csum2, pos, p_len);
                                pos += p_len;
                        }

                        if (!(len -= copy))
                                return csum;
                        offset += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }

        skb_walk_frags(skb, frag_iter) {
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + frag_iter->len;
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        __wsum csum2;
                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;
                        csum2 = __skb_checksum(frag_iter, offset - start,
                                               copy, 0, ops);
                        csum = INDIRECT_CALL_1(ops->combine, csum_block_add_ext,
                                               csum, csum2, pos, copy);
                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return csum;
                        offset += copy;
                        pos    += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }
        BUG_ON(len);

        return csum;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_checksum);

__wsum skb_checksum(const struct sk_buff *skb, int offset,
                    int len, __wsum csum)
{
        const struct skb_checksum_ops ops = {
                .update  = csum_partial_ext,
                .combine = csum_block_add_ext,
        };

        return __skb_checksum(skb, offset, len, csum, &ops);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_checksum);

/* Both of above in one bottle. */

__wsum skb_copy_and_csum_bits(const struct sk_buff *skb, int offset,
                                    u8 *to, int len)
{
        int start = skb_headlen(skb);
        int i, copy = start - offset;
        struct sk_buff *frag_iter;
        int pos = 0;
        __wsum csum = 0;

        /* Copy header. */
        if (copy > 0) {
                if (copy > len)
                        copy = len;
                csum = csum_partial_copy_nocheck(skb->data + offset, to,
                                                 copy);
                if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                        return csum;
                offset += copy;
                to     += copy;
                pos     = copy;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                        u32 p_off, p_len, copied;
                        struct page *p;
                        __wsum csum2;
                        u8 *vaddr;

                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;

                        skb_frag_foreach_page(frag,
                                              skb_frag_off(frag) + offset - start,
                                              copy, p, p_off, p_len, copied) {
                                vaddr = kmap_atomic(p);
                                csum2 = csum_partial_copy_nocheck(vaddr + p_off,
                                                                  to + copied,
                                                                  p_len);
                                kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                                csum = csum_block_add(csum, csum2, pos);
                                pos += p_len;
                        }

                        if (!(len -= copy))
                                return csum;
                        offset += copy;
                        to     += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }

        skb_walk_frags(skb, frag_iter) {
                __wsum csum2;
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + frag_iter->len;
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;
                        csum2 = skb_copy_and_csum_bits(frag_iter,
                                                       offset - start,
                                                       to, copy);
                        csum = csum_block_add(csum, csum2, pos);
                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return csum;
                        offset += copy;
                        to     += copy;
                        pos    += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }
        BUG_ON(len);
        return csum;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_copy_and_csum_bits);

__sum16 __skb_checksum_complete_head(struct sk_buff *skb, int len)
{
        __sum16 sum;

        sum = csum_fold(skb_checksum(skb, 0, len, skb->csum));
        /* See comments in __skb_checksum_complete(). */
        if (likely(!sum)) {
                if (unlikely(skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE) &&
                    !skb->csum_complete_sw)
                        netdev_rx_csum_fault(skb->dev, skb);
        }
        if (!skb_shared(skb))
                skb->csum_valid = !sum;
        return sum;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_checksum_complete_head);

/* This function assumes skb->csum already holds pseudo header's checksum,
 * which has been changed from the hardware checksum, for example, by
 * __skb_checksum_validate_complete(). And, the original skb->csum must
 * have been validated unsuccessfully for CHECKSUM_COMPLETE case.
 *
 * It returns non-zero if the recomputed checksum is still invalid, otherwise
 * zero. The new checksum is stored back into skb->csum unless the skb is
 * shared.
 */
__sum16 __skb_checksum_complete(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        __wsum csum;
        __sum16 sum;

        csum = skb_checksum(skb, 0, skb->len, 0);

        sum = csum_fold(csum_add(skb->csum, csum));
        /* This check is inverted, because we already knew the hardware
         * checksum is invalid before calling this function. So, if the
         * re-computed checksum is valid instead, then we have a mismatch
         * between the original skb->csum and skb_checksum(). This means either
         * the original hardware checksum is incorrect or we screw up skb->csum
         * when moving skb->data around.
         */
        if (likely(!sum)) {
                if (unlikely(skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE) &&
                    !skb->csum_complete_sw)
                        netdev_rx_csum_fault(skb->dev, skb);
        }

        if (!skb_shared(skb)) {
                /* Save full packet checksum */
                skb->csum = csum;
                skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_COMPLETE;
                skb->csum_complete_sw = 1;
                skb->csum_valid = !sum;
        }

        return sum;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_checksum_complete);

static __wsum warn_crc32c_csum_update(const void *buff, int len, __wsum sum)
{
        net_warn_ratelimited(
                "%s: attempt to compute crc32c without libcrc32c.ko\n",
                __func__);
        return 0;
}

static __wsum warn_crc32c_csum_combine(__wsum csum, __wsum csum2,
                                       int offset, int len)
{
        net_warn_ratelimited(
                "%s: attempt to compute crc32c without libcrc32c.ko\n",
                __func__);
        return 0;
}

static const struct skb_checksum_ops default_crc32c_ops = {
        .update  = warn_crc32c_csum_update,
        .combine = warn_crc32c_csum_combine,
};

const struct skb_checksum_ops *crc32c_csum_stub __read_mostly =
        &default_crc32c_ops;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(crc32c_csum_stub);

 /**
 *      skb_zerocopy_headlen - Calculate headroom needed for skb_zerocopy()
 *      @from: source buffer
 *
 *      Calculates the amount of linear headroom needed in the 'to' skb passed
 *      into skb_zerocopy().
 */
unsigned int
skb_zerocopy_headlen(const struct sk_buff *from)
{
        unsigned int hlen = 0;

        if (!from->head_frag ||
            skb_headlen(from) < L1_CACHE_BYTES ||
            skb_shinfo(from)->nr_frags >= MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                hlen = skb_headlen(from);
                if (!hlen)
                        hlen = from->len;
        }

        if (skb_has_frag_list(from))
                hlen = from->len;

        return hlen;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_zerocopy_headlen);

/**
 *      skb_zerocopy - Zero copy skb to skb
 *      @to: destination buffer
 *      @from: source buffer
 *      @len: number of bytes to copy from source buffer
 *      @hlen: size of linear headroom in destination buffer
 *
 *      Copies up to `len` bytes from `from` to `to` by creating references
 *      to the frags in the source buffer.
 *
 *      The `hlen` as calculated by skb_zerocopy_headlen() specifies the
 *      headroom in the `to` buffer.
 *
 *      Return value:
 *      0: everything is OK
 *      -ENOMEM: couldn't orphan frags of @from due to lack of memory
 *      -EFAULT: skb_copy_bits() found some problem with skb geometry
 */
int
skb_zerocopy(struct sk_buff *to, struct sk_buff *from, int len, int hlen)
{
        int i, j = 0;
        int plen = 0; /* length of skb->head fragment */
        int ret;
        struct page *page;
        unsigned int offset;

        BUG_ON(!from->head_frag && !hlen);

        /* dont bother with small payloads */
        if (len <= skb_tailroom(to))
                return skb_copy_bits(from, 0, skb_put(to, len), len);

        if (hlen) {
                ret = skb_copy_bits(from, 0, skb_put(to, hlen), hlen);
                if (unlikely(ret))
                        return ret;
                len -= hlen;
        } else {
                plen = min_t(int, skb_headlen(from), len);
                if (plen) {
                        page = virt_to_head_page(from->head);
                        offset = from->data - (unsigned char *)page_address(page);
                        __skb_fill_netmem_desc(to, 0, page_to_netmem(page),
                                               offset, plen);
                        get_page(page);
                        j = 1;
                        len -= plen;
                }
        }

        skb_len_add(to, len + plen);

        if (unlikely(skb_orphan_frags(from, GFP_ATOMIC))) {
                skb_tx_error(from);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        skb_zerocopy_clone(to, from, GFP_ATOMIC);

        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(from)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int size;

                if (!len)
                        break;
                skb_shinfo(to)->frags[j] = skb_shinfo(from)->frags[i];
                size = min_t(int, skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(to)->frags[j]),
                                        len);
                skb_frag_size_set(&skb_shinfo(to)->frags[j], size);
                len -= size;
                skb_frag_ref(to, j);
                j++;
        }
        skb_shinfo(to)->nr_frags = j;

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_zerocopy);

void skb_copy_and_csum_dev(const struct sk_buff *skb, u8 *to)
{
        __wsum csum;
        long csstart;

        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
                csstart = skb_checksum_start_offset(skb);
        else
                csstart = skb_headlen(skb);

        BUG_ON(csstart > skb_headlen(skb));

        skb_copy_from_linear_data(skb, to, csstart);

        csum = 0;
        if (csstart != skb->len)
                csum = skb_copy_and_csum_bits(skb, csstart, to + csstart,
                                              skb->len - csstart);

        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL) {
                long csstuff = csstart + skb->csum_offset;

                *((__sum16 *)(to + csstuff)) = csum_fold(csum);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_copy_and_csum_dev);

/**
 *      skb_dequeue - remove from the head of the queue
 *      @list: list to dequeue from
 *
 *      Remove the head of the list. The list lock is taken so the function
 *      may be used safely with other locking list functions. The head item is
 *      returned or %NULL if the list is empty.
 */

struct sk_buff *skb_dequeue(struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct sk_buff *result;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        result = __skb_dequeue(list);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
        return result;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_dequeue);

/**
 *      skb_dequeue_tail - remove from the tail of the queue
 *      @list: list to dequeue from
 *
 *      Remove the tail of the list. The list lock is taken so the function
 *      may be used safely with other locking list functions. The tail item is
 *      returned or %NULL if the list is empty.
 */
struct sk_buff *skb_dequeue_tail(struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct sk_buff *result;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        result = __skb_dequeue_tail(list);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
        return result;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_dequeue_tail);

/**
 *      skb_queue_purge_reason - empty a list
 *      @list: list to empty
 *      @reason: drop reason
 *
 *      Delete all buffers on an &sk_buff list. Each buffer is removed from
 *      the list and one reference dropped. This function takes the list
 *      lock and is atomic with respect to other list locking functions.
 */
void skb_queue_purge_reason(struct sk_buff_head *list,
                            enum skb_drop_reason reason)
{
        struct sk_buff_head tmp;
        unsigned long flags;

        if (skb_queue_empty_lockless(list))
                return;

        __skb_queue_head_init(&tmp);

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        skb_queue_splice_init(list, &tmp);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);

        __skb_queue_purge_reason(&tmp, reason);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_queue_purge_reason);

/**
 *      skb_rbtree_purge - empty a skb rbtree
 *      @root: root of the rbtree to empty
 *      Return value: the sum of truesizes of all purged skbs.
 *
 *      Delete all buffers on an &sk_buff rbtree. Each buffer is removed from
 *      the list and one reference dropped. This function does not take
 *      any lock. Synchronization should be handled by the caller (e.g., TCP
 *      out-of-order queue is protected by the socket lock).
 */
unsigned int skb_rbtree_purge(struct rb_root *root)
{
        struct rb_node *p = rb_first(root);
        unsigned int sum = 0;

        while (p) {
                struct sk_buff *skb = rb_entry(p, struct sk_buff, rbnode);

                p = rb_next(p);
                rb_erase(&skb->rbnode, root);
                sum += skb->truesize;
                kfree_skb(skb);
        }
        return sum;
}

void skb_errqueue_purge(struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb, *next;
        struct sk_buff_head kill;
        unsigned long flags;

        __skb_queue_head_init(&kill);

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        skb_queue_walk_safe(list, skb, next) {
                if (SKB_EXT_ERR(skb)->ee.ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ZEROCOPY ||
                    SKB_EXT_ERR(skb)->ee.ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_TIMESTAMPING)
                        continue;
                __skb_unlink(skb, list);
                __skb_queue_tail(&kill, skb);
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
        __skb_queue_purge(&kill);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_errqueue_purge);

/**
 *      skb_queue_head - queue a buffer at the list head
 *      @list: list to use
 *      @newsk: buffer to queue
 *
 *      Queue a buffer at the start of the list. This function takes the
 *      list lock and can be used safely with other locking &sk_buff functions
 *      safely.
 *
 *      A buffer cannot be placed on two lists at the same time.
 */
void skb_queue_head(struct sk_buff_head *list, struct sk_buff *newsk)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        __skb_queue_head(list, newsk);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_queue_head);

/**
 *      skb_queue_tail - queue a buffer at the list tail
 *      @list: list to use
 *      @newsk: buffer to queue
 *
 *      Queue a buffer at the tail of the list. This function takes the
 *      list lock and can be used safely with other locking &sk_buff functions
 *      safely.
 *
 *      A buffer cannot be placed on two lists at the same time.
 */
void skb_queue_tail(struct sk_buff_head *list, struct sk_buff *newsk)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        __skb_queue_tail(list, newsk);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_queue_tail);

/**
 *      skb_unlink      -       remove a buffer from a list
 *      @skb: buffer to remove
 *      @list: list to use
 *
 *      Remove a packet from a list. The list locks are taken and this
 *      function is atomic with respect to other list locked calls
 *
 *      You must know what list the SKB is on.
 */
void skb_unlink(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        __skb_unlink(skb, list);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_unlink);

/**
 *      skb_append      -       append a buffer
 *      @old: buffer to insert after
 *      @newsk: buffer to insert
 *      @list: list to use
 *
 *      Place a packet after a given packet in a list. The list locks are taken
 *      and this function is atomic with respect to other list locked calls.
 *      A buffer cannot be placed on two lists at the same time.
 */
void skb_append(struct sk_buff *old, struct sk_buff *newsk, struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&list->lock, flags);
        __skb_queue_after(list, old, newsk);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&list->lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_append);

static inline void skb_split_inside_header(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                           struct sk_buff* skb1,
                                           const u32 len, const int pos)
{
        int i;

        skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset(skb, len, skb_put(skb1, pos - len),
                                         pos - len);
        /* And move data appendix as is. */
        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++)
                skb_shinfo(skb1)->frags[i] = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];

        skb_shinfo(skb1)->nr_frags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
        skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags  = 0;
        skb1->data_len             = skb->data_len;
        skb1->len                  += skb1->data_len;
        skb->data_len              = 0;
        skb->len                   = len;
        skb_set_tail_pointer(skb, len);
}

static inline void skb_split_no_header(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                       struct sk_buff* skb1,
                                       const u32 len, int pos)
{
        int i, k = 0;
        const int nfrags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;

        skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags = 0;
        skb1->len                 = skb1->data_len = skb->len - len;
        skb->len                  = len;
        skb->data_len             = len - pos;

        for (i = 0; i < nfrags; i++) {
                int size = skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);

                if (pos + size > len) {
                        skb_shinfo(skb1)->frags[k] = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];

                        if (pos < len) {
                                /* Split frag.
                                 * We have two variants in this case:
                                 * 1. Move all the frag to the second
                                 *    part, if it is possible. F.e.
                                 *    this approach is mandatory for TUX,
                                 *    where splitting is expensive.
                                 * 2. Split is accurately. We make this.
                                 */
                                skb_frag_ref(skb, i);
                                skb_frag_off_add(&skb_shinfo(skb1)->frags[0], len - pos);
                                skb_frag_size_sub(&skb_shinfo(skb1)->frags[0], len - pos);
                                skb_frag_size_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i], len - pos);
                                skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags++;
                        }
                        k++;
                } else
                        skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags++;
                pos += size;
        }
        skb_shinfo(skb1)->nr_frags = k;
}

/**
 * skb_split - Split fragmented skb to two parts at length len.
 * @skb: the buffer to split
 * @skb1: the buffer to receive the second part
 * @len: new length for skb
 */
void skb_split(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sk_buff *skb1, const u32 len)
{
        int pos = skb_headlen(skb);
        const int zc_flags = SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG | SKBFL_PURE_ZEROCOPY;

        skb_zcopy_downgrade_managed(skb);

        skb_shinfo(skb1)->flags |= skb_shinfo(skb)->flags & zc_flags;
        skb_zerocopy_clone(skb1, skb, 0);
        if (len < pos)  /* Split line is inside header. */
                skb_split_inside_header(skb, skb1, len, pos);
        else            /* Second chunk has no header, nothing to copy. */
                skb_split_no_header(skb, skb1, len, pos);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_split);

/* Shifting from/to a cloned skb is a no-go.
 *
 * Caller cannot keep skb_shinfo related pointers past calling here!
 */
static int skb_prepare_for_shift(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        return skb_unclone_keeptruesize(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
}

/**
 * skb_shift - Shifts paged data partially from skb to another
 * @tgt: buffer into which tail data gets added
 * @skb: buffer from which the paged data comes from
 * @shiftlen: shift up to this many bytes
 *
 * Attempts to shift up to shiftlen worth of bytes, which may be less than
 * the length of the skb, from skb to tgt. Returns number bytes shifted.
 * It's up to caller to free skb if everything was shifted.
 *
 * If @tgt runs out of frags, the whole operation is aborted.
 *
 * Skb cannot include anything else but paged data while tgt is allowed
 * to have non-paged data as well.
 *
 * TODO: full sized shift could be optimized but that would need
 * specialized skb free'er to handle frags without up-to-date nr_frags.
 */
int skb_shift(struct sk_buff *tgt, struct sk_buff *skb, int shiftlen)
{
        int from, to, merge, todo;
        skb_frag_t *fragfrom, *fragto;

        BUG_ON(shiftlen > skb->len);

        if (skb_headlen(skb))
                return 0;
        if (skb_zcopy(tgt) || skb_zcopy(skb))
                return 0;

        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(tgt->pp_recycle != skb->pp_recycle);
        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(skb_cmp_decrypted(tgt, skb));

        todo = shiftlen;
        from = 0;
        to = skb_shinfo(tgt)->nr_frags;
        fragfrom = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[from];

        /* Actual merge is delayed until the point when we know we can
         * commit all, so that we don't have to undo partial changes
         */
        if (!to ||
            !skb_can_coalesce(tgt, to, skb_frag_page(fragfrom),
                              skb_frag_off(fragfrom))) {
                merge = -1;
        } else {
                merge = to - 1;

                todo -= skb_frag_size(fragfrom);
                if (todo < 0) {
                        if (skb_prepare_for_shift(skb) ||
                            skb_prepare_for_shift(tgt))
                                return 0;

                        /* All previous frag pointers might be stale! */
                        fragfrom = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[from];
                        fragto = &skb_shinfo(tgt)->frags[merge];

                        skb_frag_size_add(fragto, shiftlen);
                        skb_frag_size_sub(fragfrom, shiftlen);
                        skb_frag_off_add(fragfrom, shiftlen);

                        goto onlymerged;
                }

                from++;
        }

        /* Skip full, not-fitting skb to avoid expensive operations */
        if ((shiftlen == skb->len) &&
            (skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags - from) > (MAX_SKB_FRAGS - to))
                return 0;

        if (skb_prepare_for_shift(skb) || skb_prepare_for_shift(tgt))
                return 0;

        while ((todo > 0) && (from < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags)) {
                if (to == MAX_SKB_FRAGS)
                        return 0;

                fragfrom = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[from];
                fragto = &skb_shinfo(tgt)->frags[to];

                if (todo >= skb_frag_size(fragfrom)) {
                        *fragto = *fragfrom;
                        todo -= skb_frag_size(fragfrom);
                        from++;
                        to++;

                } else {
                        __skb_frag_ref(fragfrom);
                        skb_frag_page_copy(fragto, fragfrom);
                        skb_frag_off_copy(fragto, fragfrom);
                        skb_frag_size_set(fragto, todo);

                        skb_frag_off_add(fragfrom, todo);
                        skb_frag_size_sub(fragfrom, todo);
                        todo = 0;

                        to++;
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* Ready to "commit" this state change to tgt */
        skb_shinfo(tgt)->nr_frags = to;

        if (merge >= 0) {
                fragfrom = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0];
                fragto = &skb_shinfo(tgt)->frags[merge];

                skb_frag_size_add(fragto, skb_frag_size(fragfrom));
                __skb_frag_unref(fragfrom, skb->pp_recycle);
        }

        /* Reposition in the original skb */
        to = 0;
        while (from < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags)
                skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[to++] = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[from++];
        skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags = to;

        BUG_ON(todo > 0 && !skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags);

onlymerged:
        /* Most likely the tgt won't ever need its checksum anymore, skb on
         * the other hand might need it if it needs to be resent
         */
        tgt->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
        skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;

        skb_len_add(skb, -shiftlen);
        skb_len_add(tgt, shiftlen);

        return shiftlen;
}

/**
 * skb_prepare_seq_read - Prepare a sequential read of skb data
 * @skb: the buffer to read
 * @from: lower offset of data to be read
 * @to: upper offset of data to be read
 * @st: state variable
 *
 * Initializes the specified state variable. Must be called before
 * invoking skb_seq_read() for the first time.
 */
void skb_prepare_seq_read(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int from,
                          unsigned int to, struct skb_seq_state *st)
{
        st->lower_offset = from;
        st->upper_offset = to;
        st->root_skb = st->cur_skb = skb;
        st->frag_idx = st->stepped_offset = 0;
        st->frag_data = NULL;
        st->frag_off = 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_prepare_seq_read);

/**
 * skb_seq_read - Sequentially read skb data
 * @consumed: number of bytes consumed by the caller so far
 * @data: destination pointer for data to be returned
 * @st: state variable
 *
 * Reads a block of skb data at @consumed relative to the
 * lower offset specified to skb_prepare_seq_read(). Assigns
 * the head of the data block to @data and returns the length
 * of the block or 0 if the end of the skb data or the upper
 * offset has been reached.
 *
 * The caller is not required to consume all of the data
 * returned, i.e. @consumed is typically set to the number
 * of bytes already consumed and the next call to
 * skb_seq_read() will return the remaining part of the block.
 *
 * Note 1: The size of each block of data returned can be arbitrary,
 *       this limitation is the cost for zerocopy sequential
 *       reads of potentially non linear data.
 *
 * Note 2: Fragment lists within fragments are not implemented
 *       at the moment, state->root_skb could be replaced with
 *       a stack for this purpose.
 */
unsigned int skb_seq_read(unsigned int consumed, const u8 **data,
                          struct skb_seq_state *st)
{
        unsigned int block_limit, abs_offset = consumed + st->lower_offset;
        skb_frag_t *frag;

        if (unlikely(abs_offset >= st->upper_offset)) {
                if (st->frag_data) {
                        kunmap_atomic(st->frag_data);
                        st->frag_data = NULL;
                }
                return 0;
        }

next_skb:
        block_limit = skb_headlen(st->cur_skb) + st->stepped_offset;

        if (abs_offset < block_limit && !st->frag_data) {
                *data = st->cur_skb->data + (abs_offset - st->stepped_offset);
                return block_limit - abs_offset;
        }

        if (st->frag_idx == 0 && !st->frag_data)
                st->stepped_offset += skb_headlen(st->cur_skb);

        while (st->frag_idx < skb_shinfo(st->cur_skb)->nr_frags) {
                unsigned int pg_idx, pg_off, pg_sz;

                frag = &skb_shinfo(st->cur_skb)->frags[st->frag_idx];

                pg_idx = 0;
                pg_off = skb_frag_off(frag);
                pg_sz = skb_frag_size(frag);

                if (skb_frag_must_loop(skb_frag_page(frag))) {
                        pg_idx = (pg_off + st->frag_off) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
                        pg_off = offset_in_page(pg_off + st->frag_off);
                        pg_sz = min_t(unsigned int, pg_sz - st->frag_off,
                                                    PAGE_SIZE - pg_off);
                }

                block_limit = pg_sz + st->stepped_offset;
                if (abs_offset < block_limit) {
                        if (!st->frag_data)
                                st->frag_data = kmap_atomic(skb_frag_page(frag) + pg_idx);

                        *data = (u8 *)st->frag_data + pg_off +
                                (abs_offset - st->stepped_offset);

                        return block_limit - abs_offset;
                }

                if (st->frag_data) {
                        kunmap_atomic(st->frag_data);
                        st->frag_data = NULL;
                }

                st->stepped_offset += pg_sz;
                st->frag_off += pg_sz;
                if (st->frag_off == skb_frag_size(frag)) {
                        st->frag_off = 0;
                        st->frag_idx++;
                }
        }

        if (st->frag_data) {
                kunmap_atomic(st->frag_data);
                st->frag_data = NULL;
        }

        if (st->root_skb == st->cur_skb && skb_has_frag_list(st->root_skb)) {
                st->cur_skb = skb_shinfo(st->root_skb)->frag_list;
                st->frag_idx = 0;
                goto next_skb;
        } else if (st->cur_skb->next) {
                st->cur_skb = st->cur_skb->next;
                st->frag_idx = 0;
                goto next_skb;
        }

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_seq_read);

/**
 * skb_abort_seq_read - Abort a sequential read of skb data
 * @st: state variable
 *
 * Must be called if skb_seq_read() was not called until it
 * returned 0.
 */
void skb_abort_seq_read(struct skb_seq_state *st)
{
        if (st->frag_data)
                kunmap_atomic(st->frag_data);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_abort_seq_read);

#define TS_SKB_CB(state)        ((struct skb_seq_state *) &((state)->cb))

static unsigned int skb_ts_get_next_block(unsigned int offset, const u8 **text,
                                          struct ts_config *conf,
                                          struct ts_state *state)
{
        return skb_seq_read(offset, text, TS_SKB_CB(state));
}

static void skb_ts_finish(struct ts_config *conf, struct ts_state *state)
{
        skb_abort_seq_read(TS_SKB_CB(state));
}

/**
 * skb_find_text - Find a text pattern in skb data
 * @skb: the buffer to look in
 * @from: search offset
 * @to: search limit
 * @config: textsearch configuration
 *
 * Finds a pattern in the skb data according to the specified
 * textsearch configuration. Use textsearch_next() to retrieve
 * subsequent occurrences of the pattern. Returns the offset
 * to the first occurrence or UINT_MAX if no match was found.
 */
unsigned int skb_find_text(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int from,
                           unsigned int to, struct ts_config *config)
{
        unsigned int patlen = config->ops->get_pattern_len(config);
        struct ts_state state;
        unsigned int ret;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct skb_seq_state) > sizeof(state.cb));

        config->get_next_block = skb_ts_get_next_block;
        config->finish = skb_ts_finish;

        skb_prepare_seq_read(skb, from, to, TS_SKB_CB(&state));

        ret = textsearch_find(config, &state);
        return (ret + patlen <= to - from ? ret : UINT_MAX);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_find_text);

int skb_append_pagefrags(struct sk_buff *skb, struct page *page,
                         int offset, size_t size, size_t max_frags)
{
        int i = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;

        if (skb_can_coalesce(skb, i, page, offset)) {
                skb_frag_size_add(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i - 1], size);
        } else if (i < max_frags) {
                skb_zcopy_downgrade_managed(skb);
                get_page(page);
                skb_fill_page_desc_noacc(skb, i, page, offset, size);
        } else {
                return -EMSGSIZE;
        }

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_append_pagefrags);

/**
 *      skb_pull_rcsum - pull skb and update receive checksum
 *      @skb: buffer to update
 *      @len: length of data pulled
 *
 *      This function performs an skb_pull on the packet and updates
 *      the CHECKSUM_COMPLETE checksum.  It should be used on
 *      receive path processing instead of skb_pull unless you know
 *      that the checksum difference is zero (e.g., a valid IP header)
 *      or you are setting ip_summed to CHECKSUM_NONE.
 */
void *skb_pull_rcsum(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len)
{
        unsigned char *data = skb->data;

        BUG_ON(len > skb->len);
        __skb_pull(skb, len);
        skb_postpull_rcsum(skb, data, len);
        return skb->data;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_pull_rcsum);

static inline skb_frag_t skb_head_frag_to_page_desc(struct sk_buff *frag_skb)
{
        skb_frag_t head_frag;
        struct page *page;

        page = virt_to_head_page(frag_skb->head);
        skb_frag_fill_page_desc(&head_frag, page, frag_skb->data -
                                (unsigned char *)page_address(page),
                                skb_headlen(frag_skb));
        return head_frag;
}

struct sk_buff *skb_segment_list(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                 netdev_features_t features,
                                 unsigned int offset)
{
        struct sk_buff *list_skb = skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list;
        unsigned int tnl_hlen = skb_tnl_header_len(skb);
        unsigned int delta_truesize = 0;
        unsigned int delta_len = 0;
        struct sk_buff *tail = NULL;
        struct sk_buff *nskb, *tmp;
        int len_diff, err;

        skb_push(skb, -skb_network_offset(skb) + offset);

        /* Ensure the head is writeable before touching the shared info */
        err = skb_unclone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (err)
                goto err_linearize;

        skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list = NULL;

        while (list_skb) {
                nskb = list_skb;
                list_skb = list_skb->next;

                err = 0;
                delta_truesize += nskb->truesize;
                if (skb_shared(nskb)) {
                        tmp = skb_clone(nskb, GFP_ATOMIC);
                        if (tmp) {
                                consume_skb(nskb);
                                nskb = tmp;
                                err = skb_unclone(nskb, GFP_ATOMIC);
                        } else {
                                err = -ENOMEM;
                        }
                }

                if (!tail)
                        skb->next = nskb;
                else
                        tail->next = nskb;

                if (unlikely(err)) {
                        nskb->next = list_skb;
                        goto err_linearize;
                }

                tail = nskb;

                delta_len += nskb->len;

                skb_push(nskb, -skb_network_offset(nskb) + offset);

                skb_release_head_state(nskb);
                len_diff = skb_network_header_len(nskb) - skb_network_header_len(skb);
                __copy_skb_header(nskb, skb);

                skb_headers_offset_update(nskb, skb_headroom(nskb) - skb_headroom(skb));
                nskb->transport_header += len_diff;
                skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset(skb, -tnl_hlen,
                                                 nskb->data - tnl_hlen,
                                                 offset + tnl_hlen);

                if (skb_needs_linearize(nskb, features) &&
                    __skb_linearize(nskb))
                        goto err_linearize;
        }

        skb->truesize = skb->truesize - delta_truesize;
        skb->data_len = skb->data_len - delta_len;
        skb->len = skb->len - delta_len;

        skb_gso_reset(skb);

        skb->prev = tail;

        if (skb_needs_linearize(skb, features) &&
            __skb_linearize(skb))
                goto err_linearize;

        skb_get(skb);

        return skb;

err_linearize:
        kfree_skb_list(skb->next);
        skb->next = NULL;
        return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_segment_list);

/**
 *      skb_segment - Perform protocol segmentation on skb.
 *      @head_skb: buffer to segment
 *      @features: features for the output path (see dev->features)
 *
 *      This function performs segmentation on the given skb.  It returns
 *      a pointer to the first in a list of new skbs for the segments.
 *      In case of error it returns ERR_PTR(err).
 */
struct sk_buff *skb_segment(struct sk_buff *head_skb,
                            netdev_features_t features)
{
        struct sk_buff *segs = NULL;
        struct sk_buff *tail = NULL;
        struct sk_buff *list_skb = skb_shinfo(head_skb)->frag_list;
        unsigned int mss = skb_shinfo(head_skb)->gso_size;
        unsigned int doffset = head_skb->data - skb_mac_header(head_skb);
        unsigned int offset = doffset;
        unsigned int tnl_hlen = skb_tnl_header_len(head_skb);
        unsigned int partial_segs = 0;
        unsigned int headroom;
        unsigned int len = head_skb->len;
        struct sk_buff *frag_skb;
        skb_frag_t *frag;
        __be16 proto;
        bool csum, sg;
        int err = -ENOMEM;
        int i = 0;
        int nfrags, pos;

        if ((skb_shinfo(head_skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_DODGY) &&
            mss != GSO_BY_FRAGS && mss != skb_headlen(head_skb)) {
                struct sk_buff *check_skb;

                for (check_skb = list_skb; check_skb; check_skb = check_skb->next) {
                        if (skb_headlen(check_skb) && !check_skb->head_frag) {
                                /* gso_size is untrusted, and we have a frag_list with
                                 * a linear non head_frag item.
                                 *
                                 * If head_skb's headlen does not fit requested gso_size,
                                 * it means that the frag_list members do NOT terminate
                                 * on exact gso_size boundaries. Hence we cannot perform
                                 * skb_frag_t page sharing. Therefore we must fallback to
                                 * copying the frag_list skbs; we do so by disabling SG.
                                 */
                                features &= ~NETIF_F_SG;
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        __skb_push(head_skb, doffset);
        proto = skb_network_protocol(head_skb, NULL);
        if (unlikely(!proto))
                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

        sg = !!(features & NETIF_F_SG);
        csum = !!can_checksum_protocol(features, proto);

        if (sg && csum && (mss != GSO_BY_FRAGS))  {
                if (!(features & NETIF_F_GSO_PARTIAL)) {
                        struct sk_buff *iter;
                        unsigned int frag_len;

                        if (!list_skb ||
                            !net_gso_ok(features, skb_shinfo(head_skb)->gso_type))
                                goto normal;

                        /* If we get here then all the required
                         * GSO features except frag_list are supported.
                         * Try to split the SKB to multiple GSO SKBs
                         * with no frag_list.
                         * Currently we can do that only when the buffers don't
                         * have a linear part and all the buffers except
                         * the last are of the same length.
                         */
                        frag_len = list_skb->len;
                        skb_walk_frags(head_skb, iter) {
                                if (frag_len != iter->len && iter->next)
                                        goto normal;
                                if (skb_headlen(iter) && !iter->head_frag)
                                        goto normal;

                                len -= iter->len;
                        }

                        if (len != frag_len)
                                goto normal;
                }

                /* GSO partial only requires that we trim off any excess that
                 * doesn't fit into an MSS sized block, so take care of that
                 * now.
                 * Cap len to not accidentally hit GSO_BY_FRAGS.
                 */
                partial_segs = min(len, GSO_BY_FRAGS - 1) / mss;
                if (partial_segs > 1)
                        mss *= partial_segs;
                else
                        partial_segs = 0;
        }

normal:
        headroom = skb_headroom(head_skb);
        pos = skb_headlen(head_skb);

        if (skb_orphan_frags(head_skb, GFP_ATOMIC))
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        nfrags = skb_shinfo(head_skb)->nr_frags;
        frag = skb_shinfo(head_skb)->frags;
        frag_skb = head_skb;

        do {
                struct sk_buff *nskb;
                skb_frag_t *nskb_frag;
                int hsize;
                int size;

                if (unlikely(mss == GSO_BY_FRAGS)) {
                        len = list_skb->len;
                } else {
                        len = head_skb->len - offset;
                        if (len > mss)
                                len = mss;
                }

                hsize = skb_headlen(head_skb) - offset;

                if (hsize <= 0 && i >= nfrags && skb_headlen(list_skb) &&
                    (skb_headlen(list_skb) == len || sg)) {
                        BUG_ON(skb_headlen(list_skb) > len);

                        nskb = skb_clone(list_skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
                        if (unlikely(!nskb))
                                goto err;

                        i = 0;
                        nfrags = skb_shinfo(list_skb)->nr_frags;
                        frag = skb_shinfo(list_skb)->frags;
                        frag_skb = list_skb;
                        pos += skb_headlen(list_skb);

                        while (pos < offset + len) {
                                BUG_ON(i >= nfrags);

                                size = skb_frag_size(frag);
                                if (pos + size > offset + len)
                                        break;

                                i++;
                                pos += size;
                                frag++;
                        }

                        list_skb = list_skb->next;

                        if (unlikely(pskb_trim(nskb, len))) {
                                kfree_skb(nskb);
                                goto err;
                        }

                        hsize = skb_end_offset(nskb);
                        if (skb_cow_head(nskb, doffset + headroom)) {
                                kfree_skb(nskb);
                                goto err;
                        }

                        nskb->truesize += skb_end_offset(nskb) - hsize;
                        skb_release_head_state(nskb);
                        __skb_push(nskb, doffset);
                } else {
                        if (hsize < 0)
                                hsize = 0;
                        if (hsize > len || !sg)
                                hsize = len;

                        nskb = __alloc_skb(hsize + doffset + headroom,
                                           GFP_ATOMIC, skb_alloc_rx_flag(head_skb),
                                           NUMA_NO_NODE);

                        if (unlikely(!nskb))
                                goto err;

                        skb_reserve(nskb, headroom);
                        __skb_put(nskb, doffset);
                }

                if (segs)
                        tail->next = nskb;
                else
                        segs = nskb;
                tail = nskb;

                __copy_skb_header(nskb, head_skb);

                skb_headers_offset_update(nskb, skb_headroom(nskb) - headroom);
                skb_reset_mac_len(nskb);

                skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset(head_skb, -tnl_hlen,
                                                 nskb->data - tnl_hlen,
                                                 doffset + tnl_hlen);

                if (nskb->len == len + doffset)
                        goto perform_csum_check;

                if (!sg) {
                        if (!csum) {
                                if (!nskb->remcsum_offload)
                                        nskb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_NONE;
                                SKB_GSO_CB(nskb)->csum =
                                        skb_copy_and_csum_bits(head_skb, offset,
                                                               skb_put(nskb,
                                                                       len),
                                                               len);
                                SKB_GSO_CB(nskb)->csum_start =
                                        skb_headroom(nskb) + doffset;
                        } else {
                                if (skb_copy_bits(head_skb, offset, skb_put(nskb, len), len))
                                        goto err;
                        }
                        continue;
                }

                nskb_frag = skb_shinfo(nskb)->frags;

                skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset(head_skb, offset,
                                                 skb_put(nskb, hsize), hsize);

                skb_shinfo(nskb)->flags |= skb_shinfo(head_skb)->flags &
                                           SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG;

                if (skb_zerocopy_clone(nskb, frag_skb, GFP_ATOMIC))
                        goto err;

                while (pos < offset + len) {
                        if (i >= nfrags) {
                                if (skb_orphan_frags(list_skb, GFP_ATOMIC) ||
                                    skb_zerocopy_clone(nskb, list_skb,
                                                       GFP_ATOMIC))
                                        goto err;

                                i = 0;
                                nfrags = skb_shinfo(list_skb)->nr_frags;
                                frag = skb_shinfo(list_skb)->frags;
                                frag_skb = list_skb;
                                if (!skb_headlen(list_skb)) {
                                        BUG_ON(!nfrags);
                                } else {
                                        BUG_ON(!list_skb->head_frag);

                                        /* to make room for head_frag. */
                                        i--;
                                        frag--;
                                }

                                list_skb = list_skb->next;
                        }

                        if (unlikely(skb_shinfo(nskb)->nr_frags >=
                                     MAX_SKB_FRAGS)) {
                                net_warn_ratelimited(
                                        "skb_segment: too many frags: %u %u\n",
                                        pos, mss);
                                err = -EINVAL;
                                goto err;
                        }

                        *nskb_frag = (i < 0) ? skb_head_frag_to_page_desc(frag_skb) : *frag;
                        __skb_frag_ref(nskb_frag);
                        size = skb_frag_size(nskb_frag);

                        if (pos < offset) {
                                skb_frag_off_add(nskb_frag, offset - pos);
                                skb_frag_size_sub(nskb_frag, offset - pos);
                        }

                        skb_shinfo(nskb)->nr_frags++;

                        if (pos + size <= offset + len) {
                                i++;
                                frag++;
                                pos += size;
                        } else {
                                skb_frag_size_sub(nskb_frag, pos + size - (offset + len));
                                goto skip_fraglist;
                        }

                        nskb_frag++;
                }

skip_fraglist:
                nskb->data_len = len - hsize;
                nskb->len += nskb->data_len;
                nskb->truesize += nskb->data_len;

perform_csum_check:
                if (!csum) {
                        if (skb_has_shared_frag(nskb) &&
                            __skb_linearize(nskb))
                                goto err;

                        if (!nskb->remcsum_offload)
                                nskb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_NONE;
                        SKB_GSO_CB(nskb)->csum =
                                skb_checksum(nskb, doffset,
                                             nskb->len - doffset, 0);
                        SKB_GSO_CB(nskb)->csum_start =
                                skb_headroom(nskb) + doffset;
                }
        } while ((offset += len) < head_skb->len);

        /* Some callers want to get the end of the list.
         * Put it in segs->prev to avoid walking the list.
         * (see validate_xmit_skb_list() for example)
         */
        segs->prev = tail;

        if (partial_segs) {
                struct sk_buff *iter;
                int type = skb_shinfo(head_skb)->gso_type;
                unsigned short gso_size = skb_shinfo(head_skb)->gso_size;

                /* Update type to add partial and then remove dodgy if set */
                type |= (features & NETIF_F_GSO_PARTIAL) / NETIF_F_GSO_PARTIAL * SKB_GSO_PARTIAL;
                type &= ~SKB_GSO_DODGY;

                /* Update GSO info and prepare to start updating headers on
                 * our way back down the stack of protocols.
                 */
                for (iter = segs; iter; iter = iter->next) {
                        skb_shinfo(iter)->gso_size = gso_size;
                        skb_shinfo(iter)->gso_segs = partial_segs;
                        skb_shinfo(iter)->gso_type = type;
                        SKB_GSO_CB(iter)->data_offset = skb_headroom(iter) + doffset;
                }

                if (tail->len - doffset <= gso_size)
                        skb_shinfo(tail)->gso_size = 0;
                else if (tail != segs)
                        skb_shinfo(tail)->gso_segs = DIV_ROUND_UP(tail->len - doffset, gso_size);
        }

        /* Following permits correct backpressure, for protocols
         * using skb_set_owner_w().
         * Idea is to tranfert ownership from head_skb to last segment.
         */
        if (head_skb->destructor == sock_wfree) {
                swap(tail->truesize, head_skb->truesize);
                swap(tail->destructor, head_skb->destructor);
                swap(tail->sk, head_skb->sk);
        }
        return segs;

err:
        kfree_skb_list(segs);
        return ERR_PTR(err);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_segment);

#ifdef CONFIG_SKB_EXTENSIONS
#define SKB_EXT_ALIGN_VALUE     8
#define SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(x)  (ALIGN((sizeof(x)), SKB_EXT_ALIGN_VALUE) / SKB_EXT_ALIGN_VALUE)

static const u8 skb_ext_type_len[] = {
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BRIDGE_NETFILTER)
        [SKB_EXT_BRIDGE_NF] = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(struct nf_bridge_info),
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
        [SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH] = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(struct sec_path),
#endif
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NET_TC_SKB_EXT)
        [TC_SKB_EXT] = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(struct tc_skb_ext),
#endif
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MPTCP)
        [SKB_EXT_MPTCP] = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(struct mptcp_ext),
#endif
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MCTP_FLOWS)
        [SKB_EXT_MCTP] = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(struct mctp_flow),
#endif
};

static __always_inline unsigned int skb_ext_total_length(void)
{
        unsigned int l = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(struct skb_ext);
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(skb_ext_type_len); i++)
                l += skb_ext_type_len[i];

        return l;
}

static void skb_extensions_init(void)
{
        BUILD_BUG_ON(SKB_EXT_NUM >= 8);
#if !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCOV_INSTRUMENT_ALL)
        BUILD_BUG_ON(skb_ext_total_length() > 255);
#endif

        skbuff_ext_cache = kmem_cache_create("skbuff_ext_cache",
                                             SKB_EXT_ALIGN_VALUE * skb_ext_total_length(),
                                             0,
                                             SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC,
                                             NULL);
}
#else
static void skb_extensions_init(void) {}
#endif

/* The SKB kmem_cache slab is critical for network performance.  Never
 * merge/alias the slab with similar sized objects.  This avoids fragmentation
 * that hurts performance of kmem_cache_{alloc,free}_bulk APIs.
 */
#ifndef CONFIG_SLUB_TINY
#define FLAG_SKB_NO_MERGE       SLAB_NO_MERGE
#else /* CONFIG_SLUB_TINY - simple loop in kmem_cache_alloc_bulk */
#define FLAG_SKB_NO_MERGE       0
#endif

void __init skb_init(void)
{
        net_hotdata.skbuff_cache = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("skbuff_head_cache",
                                              sizeof(struct sk_buff),
                                              0,
                                              SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|
                                                FLAG_SKB_NO_MERGE,
                                              offsetof(struct sk_buff, cb),
                                              sizeof_field(struct sk_buff, cb),
                                              NULL);
        net_hotdata.skbuff_fclone_cache = kmem_cache_create("skbuff_fclone_cache",
                                                sizeof(struct sk_buff_fclones),
                                                0,
                                                SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC,
                                                NULL);
        /* usercopy should only access first SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM bytes.
         * struct skb_shared_info is located at the end of skb->head,
         * and should not be copied to/from user.
         */
        net_hotdata.skb_small_head_cache = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("skbuff_small_head",
                                                SKB_SMALL_HEAD_CACHE_SIZE,
                                                0,
                                                SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_PANIC,
                                                0,
                                                SKB_SMALL_HEAD_HEADROOM,
                                                NULL);
        skb_extensions_init();
}

static int
__skb_to_sgvec(struct sk_buff *skb, struct scatterlist *sg, int offset, int len,
               unsigned int recursion_level)
{
        int start = skb_headlen(skb);
        int i, copy = start - offset;
        struct sk_buff *frag_iter;
        int elt = 0;

        if (unlikely(recursion_level >= 24))
                return -EMSGSIZE;

        if (copy > 0) {
                if (copy > len)
                        copy = len;
                sg_set_buf(sg, skb->data + offset, copy);
                elt++;
                if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                        return elt;
                offset += copy;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                int end;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                        if (unlikely(elt && sg_is_last(&sg[elt - 1])))
                                return -EMSGSIZE;

                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;
                        sg_set_page(&sg[elt], skb_frag_page(frag), copy,
                                    skb_frag_off(frag) + offset - start);
                        elt++;
                        if (!(len -= copy))
                                return elt;
                        offset += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }

        skb_walk_frags(skb, frag_iter) {
                int end, ret;

                WARN_ON(start > offset + len);

                end = start + frag_iter->len;
                if ((copy = end - offset) > 0) {
                        if (unlikely(elt && sg_is_last(&sg[elt - 1])))
                                return -EMSGSIZE;

                        if (copy > len)
                                copy = len;
                        ret = __skb_to_sgvec(frag_iter, sg+elt, offset - start,
                                              copy, recursion_level + 1);
                        if (unlikely(ret < 0))
                                return ret;
                        elt += ret;
                        if ((len -= copy) == 0)
                                return elt;
                        offset += copy;
                }
                start = end;
        }
        BUG_ON(len);
        return elt;
}

/**
 *      skb_to_sgvec - Fill a scatter-gather list from a socket buffer
 *      @skb: Socket buffer containing the buffers to be mapped
 *      @sg: The scatter-gather list to map into
 *      @offset: The offset into the buffer's contents to start mapping
 *      @len: Length of buffer space to be mapped
 *
 *      Fill the specified scatter-gather list with mappings/pointers into a
 *      region of the buffer space attached to a socket buffer. Returns either
 *      the number of scatterlist items used, or -EMSGSIZE if the contents
 *      could not fit.
 */
int skb_to_sgvec(struct sk_buff *skb, struct scatterlist *sg, int offset, int len)
{
        int nsg = __skb_to_sgvec(skb, sg, offset, len, 0);

        if (nsg <= 0)
                return nsg;

        sg_mark_end(&sg[nsg - 1]);

        return nsg;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_to_sgvec);

/* As compared with skb_to_sgvec, skb_to_sgvec_nomark only map skb to given
 * sglist without mark the sg which contain last skb data as the end.
 * So the caller can mannipulate sg list as will when padding new data after
 * the first call without calling sg_unmark_end to expend sg list.
 *
 * Scenario to use skb_to_sgvec_nomark:
 * 1. sg_init_table
 * 2. skb_to_sgvec_nomark(payload1)
 * 3. skb_to_sgvec_nomark(payload2)
 *
 * This is equivalent to:
 * 1. sg_init_table
 * 2. skb_to_sgvec(payload1)
 * 3. sg_unmark_end
 * 4. skb_to_sgvec(payload2)
 *
 * When mapping mutilple payload conditionally, skb_to_sgvec_nomark
 * is more preferable.
 */
int skb_to_sgvec_nomark(struct sk_buff *skb, struct scatterlist *sg,
                        int offset, int len)
{
        return __skb_to_sgvec(skb, sg, offset, len, 0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_to_sgvec_nomark);



/**
 *      skb_cow_data - Check that a socket buffer's data buffers are writable
 *      @skb: The socket buffer to check.
 *      @tailbits: Amount of trailing space to be added
 *      @trailer: Returned pointer to the skb where the @tailbits space begins
 *
 *      Make sure that the data buffers attached to a socket buffer are
 *      writable. If they are not, private copies are made of the data buffers
 *      and the socket buffer is set to use these instead.
 *
 *      If @tailbits is given, make sure that there is space to write @tailbits
 *      bytes of data beyond current end of socket buffer.  @trailer will be
 *      set to point to the skb in which this space begins.
 *
 *      The number of scatterlist elements required to completely map the
 *      COW'd and extended socket buffer will be returned.
 */
int skb_cow_data(struct sk_buff *skb, int tailbits, struct sk_buff **trailer)
{
        int copyflag;
        int elt;
        struct sk_buff *skb1, **skb_p;

        /* If skb is cloned or its head is paged, reallocate
         * head pulling out all the pages (pages are considered not writable
         * at the moment even if they are anonymous).
         */
        if ((skb_cloned(skb) || skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags) &&
            !__pskb_pull_tail(skb, __skb_pagelen(skb)))
                return -ENOMEM;

        /* Easy case. Most of packets will go this way. */
        if (!skb_has_frag_list(skb)) {
                /* A little of trouble, not enough of space for trailer.
                 * This should not happen, when stack is tuned to generate
                 * good frames. OK, on miss we reallocate and reserve even more
                 * space, 128 bytes is fair. */

                if (skb_tailroom(skb) < tailbits &&
                    pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, tailbits-skb_tailroom(skb)+128, GFP_ATOMIC))
                        return -ENOMEM;

                /* Voila! */
                *trailer = skb;
                return 1;
        }

        /* Misery. We are in troubles, going to mincer fragments... */

        elt = 1;
        skb_p = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list;
        copyflag = 0;

        while ((skb1 = *skb_p) != NULL) {
                int ntail = 0;

                /* The fragment is partially pulled by someone,
                 * this can happen on input. Copy it and everything
                 * after it. */

                if (skb_shared(skb1))
                        copyflag = 1;

                /* If the skb is the last, worry about trailer. */

                if (skb1->next == NULL && tailbits) {
                        if (skb_shinfo(skb1)->nr_frags ||
                            skb_has_frag_list(skb1) ||
                            skb_tailroom(skb1) < tailbits)
                                ntail = tailbits + 128;
                }

                if (copyflag ||
                    skb_cloned(skb1) ||
                    ntail ||
                    skb_shinfo(skb1)->nr_frags ||
                    skb_has_frag_list(skb1)) {
                        struct sk_buff *skb2;

                        /* Fuck, we are miserable poor guys... */
                        if (ntail == 0)
                                skb2 = skb_copy(skb1, GFP_ATOMIC);
                        else
                                skb2 = skb_copy_expand(skb1,
                                                       skb_headroom(skb1),
                                                       ntail,
                                                       GFP_ATOMIC);
                        if (unlikely(skb2 == NULL))
                                return -ENOMEM;

                        if (skb1->sk)
                                skb_set_owner_w(skb2, skb1->sk);

                        /* Looking around. Are we still alive?
                         * OK, link new skb, drop old one */

                        skb2->next = skb1->next;
                        *skb_p = skb2;
                        kfree_skb(skb1);
                        skb1 = skb2;
                }
                elt++;
                *trailer = skb1;
                skb_p = &skb1->next;
        }

        return elt;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_cow_data);

static void sock_rmem_free(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;

        atomic_sub(skb->truesize, &sk->sk_rmem_alloc);
}

static void skb_set_err_queue(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        /* pkt_type of skbs received on local sockets is never PACKET_OUTGOING.
         * So, it is safe to (mis)use it to mark skbs on the error queue.
         */
        skb->pkt_type = PACKET_OUTGOING;
        BUILD_BUG_ON(PACKET_OUTGOING == 0);
}

/*
 * Note: We dont mem charge error packets (no sk_forward_alloc changes)
 */
int sock_queue_err_skb(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (atomic_read(&sk->sk_rmem_alloc) + skb->truesize >=
            (unsigned int)READ_ONCE(sk->sk_rcvbuf))
                return -ENOMEM;

        skb_orphan(skb);
        skb->sk = sk;
        skb->destructor = sock_rmem_free;
        atomic_add(skb->truesize, &sk->sk_rmem_alloc);
        skb_set_err_queue(skb);

        /* before exiting rcu section, make sure dst is refcounted */
        skb_dst_force(skb);

        skb_queue_tail(&sk->sk_error_queue, skb);
        if (!sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD))
                sk_error_report(sk);
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sock_queue_err_skb);

static bool is_icmp_err_skb(const struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        return skb && (SKB_EXT_ERR(skb)->ee.ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP ||
                       SKB_EXT_ERR(skb)->ee.ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP6);
}

struct sk_buff *sock_dequeue_err_skb(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct sk_buff_head *q = &sk->sk_error_queue;
        struct sk_buff *skb, *skb_next = NULL;
        bool icmp_next = false;
        unsigned long flags;

        if (skb_queue_empty_lockless(q))
                return NULL;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock, flags);
        skb = __skb_dequeue(q);
        if (skb && (skb_next = skb_peek(q))) {
                icmp_next = is_icmp_err_skb(skb_next);
                if (icmp_next)
                        sk->sk_err = SKB_EXT_ERR(skb_next)->ee.ee_errno;
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);

        if (is_icmp_err_skb(skb) && !icmp_next)
                sk->sk_err = 0;

        if (skb_next)
                sk_error_report(sk);

        return skb;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sock_dequeue_err_skb);

/**
 * skb_clone_sk - create clone of skb, and take reference to socket
 * @skb: the skb to clone
 *
 * This function creates a clone of a buffer that holds a reference on
 * sk_refcnt.  Buffers created via this function are meant to be
 * returned using sock_queue_err_skb, or free via kfree_skb.
 *
 * When passing buffers allocated with this function to sock_queue_err_skb
 * it is necessary to wrap the call with sock_hold/sock_put in order to
 * prevent the socket from being released prior to being enqueued on
 * the sk_error_queue.
 */
struct sk_buff *skb_clone_sk(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;
        struct sk_buff *clone;

        if (!sk || !refcount_inc_not_zero(&sk->sk_refcnt))
                return NULL;

        clone = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (!clone) {
                sock_put(sk);
                return NULL;
        }

        clone->sk = sk;
        clone->destructor = sock_efree;

        return clone;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_clone_sk);

static void __skb_complete_tx_timestamp(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                        struct sock *sk,
                                        int tstype,
                                        bool opt_stats)
{
        struct sock_exterr_skb *serr;
        int err;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct sock_exterr_skb) > sizeof(skb->cb));

        serr = SKB_EXT_ERR(skb);
        memset(serr, 0, sizeof(*serr));
        serr->ee.ee_errno = ENOMSG;
        serr->ee.ee_origin = SO_EE_ORIGIN_TIMESTAMPING;
        serr->ee.ee_info = tstype;
        serr->opt_stats = opt_stats;
        serr->header.h4.iif = skb->dev ? skb->dev->ifindex : 0;
        if (READ_ONCE(sk->sk_tsflags) & SOF_TIMESTAMPING_OPT_ID) {
                serr->ee.ee_data = skb_shinfo(skb)->tskey;
                if (sk_is_tcp(sk))
                        serr->ee.ee_data -= atomic_read(&sk->sk_tskey);
        }

        err = sock_queue_err_skb(sk, skb);

        if (err)
                kfree_skb(skb);
}

static bool skb_may_tx_timestamp(struct sock *sk, bool tsonly)
{
        bool ret;

        if (likely(READ_ONCE(sysctl_tstamp_allow_data) || tsonly))
                return true;

        read_lock_bh(&sk->sk_callback_lock);
        ret = sk->sk_socket && sk->sk_socket->file &&
              file_ns_capable(sk->sk_socket->file, &init_user_ns, CAP_NET_RAW);
        read_unlock_bh(&sk->sk_callback_lock);
        return ret;
}

void skb_complete_tx_timestamp(struct sk_buff *skb,
                               struct skb_shared_hwtstamps *hwtstamps)
{
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;

        if (!skb_may_tx_timestamp(sk, false))
                goto err;

        /* Take a reference to prevent skb_orphan() from freeing the socket,
         * but only if the socket refcount is not zero.
         */
        if (likely(refcount_inc_not_zero(&sk->sk_refcnt))) {
                *skb_hwtstamps(skb) = *hwtstamps;
                __skb_complete_tx_timestamp(skb, sk, SCM_TSTAMP_SND, false);
                sock_put(sk);
                return;
        }

err:
        kfree_skb(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_complete_tx_timestamp);

void __skb_tstamp_tx(struct sk_buff *orig_skb,
                     const struct sk_buff *ack_skb,
                     struct skb_shared_hwtstamps *hwtstamps,
                     struct sock *sk, int tstype)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        bool tsonly, opt_stats = false;
        u32 tsflags;

        if (!sk)
                return;

        tsflags = READ_ONCE(sk->sk_tsflags);
        if (!hwtstamps && !(tsflags & SOF_TIMESTAMPING_OPT_TX_SWHW) &&
            skb_shinfo(orig_skb)->tx_flags & SKBTX_IN_PROGRESS)
                return;

        tsonly = tsflags & SOF_TIMESTAMPING_OPT_TSONLY;
        if (!skb_may_tx_timestamp(sk, tsonly))
                return;

        if (tsonly) {
#ifdef CONFIG_INET
                if ((tsflags & SOF_TIMESTAMPING_OPT_STATS) &&
                    sk_is_tcp(sk)) {
                        skb = tcp_get_timestamping_opt_stats(sk, orig_skb,
                                                             ack_skb);
                        opt_stats = true;
                } else
#endif
                        skb = alloc_skb(0, GFP_ATOMIC);
        } else {
                skb = skb_clone(orig_skb, GFP_ATOMIC);

                if (skb_orphan_frags_rx(skb, GFP_ATOMIC)) {
                        kfree_skb(skb);
                        return;
                }
        }
        if (!skb)
                return;

        if (tsonly) {
                skb_shinfo(skb)->tx_flags |= skb_shinfo(orig_skb)->tx_flags &
                                             SKBTX_ANY_TSTAMP;
                skb_shinfo(skb)->tskey = skb_shinfo(orig_skb)->tskey;
        }

        if (hwtstamps)
                *skb_hwtstamps(skb) = *hwtstamps;
        else
                __net_timestamp(skb);

        __skb_complete_tx_timestamp(skb, sk, tstype, opt_stats);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__skb_tstamp_tx);

void skb_tstamp_tx(struct sk_buff *orig_skb,
                   struct skb_shared_hwtstamps *hwtstamps)
{
        return __skb_tstamp_tx(orig_skb, NULL, hwtstamps, orig_skb->sk,
                               SCM_TSTAMP_SND);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_tstamp_tx);

#ifdef CONFIG_WIRELESS
void skb_complete_wifi_ack(struct sk_buff *skb, bool acked)
{
        struct sock *sk = skb->sk;
        struct sock_exterr_skb *serr;
        int err = 1;

        skb->wifi_acked_valid = 1;
        skb->wifi_acked = acked;

        serr = SKB_EXT_ERR(skb);
        memset(serr, 0, sizeof(*serr));
        serr->ee.ee_errno = ENOMSG;
        serr->ee.ee_origin = SO_EE_ORIGIN_TXSTATUS;

        /* Take a reference to prevent skb_orphan() from freeing the socket,
         * but only if the socket refcount is not zero.
         */
        if (likely(refcount_inc_not_zero(&sk->sk_refcnt))) {
                err = sock_queue_err_skb(sk, skb);
                sock_put(sk);
        }
        if (err)
                kfree_skb(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_complete_wifi_ack);
#endif /* CONFIG_WIRELESS */

/**
 * skb_partial_csum_set - set up and verify partial csum values for packet
 * @skb: the skb to set
 * @start: the number of bytes after skb->data to start checksumming.
 * @off: the offset from start to place the checksum.
 *
 * For untrusted partially-checksummed packets, we need to make sure the values
 * for skb->csum_start and skb->csum_offset are valid so we don't oops.
 *
 * This function checks and sets those values and skb->ip_summed: if this
 * returns false you should drop the packet.
 */
bool skb_partial_csum_set(struct sk_buff *skb, u16 start, u16 off)
{
        u32 csum_end = (u32)start + (u32)off + sizeof(__sum16);
        u32 csum_start = skb_headroom(skb) + (u32)start;

        if (unlikely(csum_start >= U16_MAX || csum_end > skb_headlen(skb))) {
                net_warn_ratelimited("bad partial csum: csum=%u/%u headroom=%u headlen=%u\n",
                                     start, off, skb_headroom(skb), skb_headlen(skb));
                return false;
        }
        skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
        skb->csum_start = csum_start;
        skb->csum_offset = off;
        skb->transport_header = csum_start;
        return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_partial_csum_set);

static int skb_maybe_pull_tail(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int len,
                               unsigned int max)
{
        if (skb_headlen(skb) >= len)
                return 0;

        /* If we need to pullup then pullup to the max, so we
         * won't need to do it again.
         */
        if (max > skb->len)
                max = skb->len;

        if (__pskb_pull_tail(skb, max - skb_headlen(skb)) == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (skb_headlen(skb) < len)
                return -EPROTO;

        return 0;
}

#define MAX_TCP_HDR_LEN (15 * 4)

static __sum16 *skb_checksum_setup_ip(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                      typeof(IPPROTO_IP) proto,
                                      unsigned int off)
{
        int err;

        switch (proto) {
        case IPPROTO_TCP:
                err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb, off + sizeof(struct tcphdr),
                                          off + MAX_TCP_HDR_LEN);
                if (!err && !skb_partial_csum_set(skb, off,
                                                  offsetof(struct tcphdr,
                                                           check)))
                        err = -EPROTO;
                return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : &tcp_hdr(skb)->check;

        case IPPROTO_UDP:
                err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb, off + sizeof(struct udphdr),
                                          off + sizeof(struct udphdr));
                if (!err && !skb_partial_csum_set(skb, off,
                                                  offsetof(struct udphdr,
                                                           check)))
                        err = -EPROTO;
                return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : &udp_hdr(skb)->check;
        }

        return ERR_PTR(-EPROTO);
}

/* This value should be large enough to cover a tagged ethernet header plus
 * maximally sized IP and TCP or UDP headers.
 */
#define MAX_IP_HDR_LEN 128

static int skb_checksum_setup_ipv4(struct sk_buff *skb, bool recalculate)
{
        unsigned int off;
        bool fragment;
        __sum16 *csum;
        int err;

        fragment = false;

        err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb,
                                  sizeof(struct iphdr),
                                  MAX_IP_HDR_LEN);
        if (err < 0)
                goto out;

        if (ip_is_fragment(ip_hdr(skb)))
                fragment = true;

        off = ip_hdrlen(skb);

        err = -EPROTO;

        if (fragment)
                goto out;

        csum = skb_checksum_setup_ip(skb, ip_hdr(skb)->protocol, off);
        if (IS_ERR(csum))
                return PTR_ERR(csum);

        if (recalculate)
                *csum = ~csum_tcpudp_magic(ip_hdr(skb)->saddr,
                                           ip_hdr(skb)->daddr,
                                           skb->len - off,
                                           ip_hdr(skb)->protocol, 0);
        err = 0;

out:
        return err;
}

/* This value should be large enough to cover a tagged ethernet header plus
 * an IPv6 header, all options, and a maximal TCP or UDP header.
 */
#define MAX_IPV6_HDR_LEN 256

#define OPT_HDR(type, skb, off) \
        (type *)(skb_network_header(skb) + (off))

static int skb_checksum_setup_ipv6(struct sk_buff *skb, bool recalculate)
{
        int err;
        u8 nexthdr;
        unsigned int off;
        unsigned int len;
        bool fragment;
        bool done;
        __sum16 *csum;

        fragment = false;
        done = false;

        off = sizeof(struct ipv6hdr);

        err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb, off, MAX_IPV6_HDR_LEN);
        if (err < 0)
                goto out;

        nexthdr = ipv6_hdr(skb)->nexthdr;

        len = sizeof(struct ipv6hdr) + ntohs(ipv6_hdr(skb)->payload_len);
        while (off <= len && !done) {
                switch (nexthdr) {
                case IPPROTO_DSTOPTS:
                case IPPROTO_HOPOPTS:
                case IPPROTO_ROUTING: {
                        struct ipv6_opt_hdr *hp;

                        err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb,
                                                  off +
                                                  sizeof(struct ipv6_opt_hdr),
                                                  MAX_IPV6_HDR_LEN);
                        if (err < 0)
                                goto out;

                        hp = OPT_HDR(struct ipv6_opt_hdr, skb, off);
                        nexthdr = hp->nexthdr;
                        off += ipv6_optlen(hp);
                        break;
                }
                case IPPROTO_AH: {
                        struct ip_auth_hdr *hp;

                        err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb,
                                                  off +
                                                  sizeof(struct ip_auth_hdr),
                                                  MAX_IPV6_HDR_LEN);
                        if (err < 0)
                                goto out;

                        hp = OPT_HDR(struct ip_auth_hdr, skb, off);
                        nexthdr = hp->nexthdr;
                        off += ipv6_authlen(hp);
                        break;
                }
                case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT: {
                        struct frag_hdr *hp;

                        err = skb_maybe_pull_tail(skb,
                                                  off +
                                                  sizeof(struct frag_hdr),
                                                  MAX_IPV6_HDR_LEN);
                        if (err < 0)
                                goto out;

                        hp = OPT_HDR(struct frag_hdr, skb, off);

                        if (hp->frag_off & htons(IP6_OFFSET | IP6_MF))
                                fragment = true;

                        nexthdr = hp->nexthdr;
                        off += sizeof(struct frag_hdr);
                        break;
                }
                default:
                        done = true;
                        break;
                }
        }

        err = -EPROTO;

        if (!done || fragment)
                goto out;

        csum = skb_checksum_setup_ip(skb, nexthdr, off);
        if (IS_ERR(csum))
                return PTR_ERR(csum);

        if (recalculate)
                *csum = ~csum_ipv6_magic(&ipv6_hdr(skb)->saddr,
                                         &ipv6_hdr(skb)->daddr,
                                         skb->len - off, nexthdr, 0);
        err = 0;

out:
        return err;
}

/**
 * skb_checksum_setup - set up partial checksum offset
 * @skb: the skb to set up
 * @recalculate: if true the pseudo-header checksum will be recalculated
 */
int skb_checksum_setup(struct sk_buff *skb, bool recalculate)
{
        int err;

        switch (skb->protocol) {
        case htons(ETH_P_IP):
                err = skb_checksum_setup_ipv4(skb, recalculate);
                break;

        case htons(ETH_P_IPV6):
                err = skb_checksum_setup_ipv6(skb, recalculate);
                break;

        default:
                err = -EPROTO;
                break;
        }

        return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_checksum_setup);

/**
 * skb_checksum_maybe_trim - maybe trims the given skb
 * @skb: the skb to check
 * @transport_len: the data length beyond the network header
 *
 * Checks whether the given skb has data beyond the given transport length.
 * If so, returns a cloned skb trimmed to this transport length.
 * Otherwise returns the provided skb. Returns NULL in error cases
 * (e.g. transport_len exceeds skb length or out-of-memory).
 *
 * Caller needs to set the skb transport header and free any returned skb if it
 * differs from the provided skb.
 */
static struct sk_buff *skb_checksum_maybe_trim(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                               unsigned int transport_len)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb_chk;
        unsigned int len = skb_transport_offset(skb) + transport_len;
        int ret;

        if (skb->len < len)
                return NULL;
        else if (skb->len == len)
                return skb;

        skb_chk = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (!skb_chk)
                return NULL;

        ret = pskb_trim_rcsum(skb_chk, len);
        if (ret) {
                kfree_skb(skb_chk);
                return NULL;
        }

        return skb_chk;
}

/**
 * skb_checksum_trimmed - validate checksum of an skb
 * @skb: the skb to check
 * @transport_len: the data length beyond the network header
 * @skb_chkf: checksum function to use
 *
 * Applies the given checksum function skb_chkf to the provided skb.
 * Returns a checked and maybe trimmed skb. Returns NULL on error.
 *
 * If the skb has data beyond the given transport length, then a
 * trimmed & cloned skb is checked and returned.
 *
 * Caller needs to set the skb transport header and free any returned skb if it
 * differs from the provided skb.
 */
struct sk_buff *skb_checksum_trimmed(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                     unsigned int transport_len,
                                     __sum16(*skb_chkf)(struct sk_buff *skb))
{
        struct sk_buff *skb_chk;
        unsigned int offset = skb_transport_offset(skb);
        __sum16 ret;

        skb_chk = skb_checksum_maybe_trim(skb, transport_len);
        if (!skb_chk)
                goto err;

        if (!pskb_may_pull(skb_chk, offset))
                goto err;

        skb_pull_rcsum(skb_chk, offset);
        ret = skb_chkf(skb_chk);
        skb_push_rcsum(skb_chk, offset);

        if (ret)
                goto err;

        return skb_chk;

err:
        if (skb_chk && skb_chk != skb)
                kfree_skb(skb_chk);

        return NULL;

}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_checksum_trimmed);

void __skb_warn_lro_forwarding(const struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        net_warn_ratelimited("%s: received packets cannot be forwarded while LRO is enabled\n",
                             skb->dev->name);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_warn_lro_forwarding);

void kfree_skb_partial(struct sk_buff *skb, bool head_stolen)
{
        if (head_stolen) {
                skb_release_head_state(skb);
                kmem_cache_free(net_hotdata.skbuff_cache, skb);
        } else {
                __kfree_skb(skb);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree_skb_partial);

/**
 * skb_try_coalesce - try to merge skb to prior one
 * @to: prior buffer
 * @from: buffer to add
 * @fragstolen: pointer to boolean
 * @delta_truesize: how much more was allocated than was requested
 */
bool skb_try_coalesce(struct sk_buff *to, struct sk_buff *from,
                      bool *fragstolen, int *delta_truesize)
{
        struct skb_shared_info *to_shinfo, *from_shinfo;
        int i, delta, len = from->len;

        *fragstolen = false;

        if (skb_cloned(to))
                return false;

        /* In general, avoid mixing page_pool and non-page_pool allocated
         * pages within the same SKB. In theory we could take full
         * references if @from is cloned and !@to->pp_recycle but its
         * tricky (due to potential race with the clone disappearing) and
         * rare, so not worth dealing with.
         */
        if (to->pp_recycle != from->pp_recycle)
                return false;

        if (len <= skb_tailroom(to)) {
                if (len)
                        BUG_ON(skb_copy_bits(from, 0, skb_put(to, len), len));
                *delta_truesize = 0;
                return true;
        }

        to_shinfo = skb_shinfo(to);
        from_shinfo = skb_shinfo(from);
        if (to_shinfo->frag_list || from_shinfo->frag_list)
                return false;
        if (skb_zcopy(to) || skb_zcopy(from))
                return false;

        if (skb_headlen(from) != 0) {
                struct page *page;
                unsigned int offset;

                if (to_shinfo->nr_frags +
                    from_shinfo->nr_frags >= MAX_SKB_FRAGS)
                        return false;

                if (skb_head_is_locked(from))
                        return false;

                delta = from->truesize - SKB_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct sk_buff));

                page = virt_to_head_page(from->head);
                offset = from->data - (unsigned char *)page_address(page);

                skb_fill_page_desc(to, to_shinfo->nr_frags,
                                   page, offset, skb_headlen(from));
                *fragstolen = true;
        } else {
                if (to_shinfo->nr_frags +
                    from_shinfo->nr_frags > MAX_SKB_FRAGS)
                        return false;

                delta = from->truesize - SKB_TRUESIZE(skb_end_offset(from));
        }

        WARN_ON_ONCE(delta < len);

        memcpy(to_shinfo->frags + to_shinfo->nr_frags,
               from_shinfo->frags,
               from_shinfo->nr_frags * sizeof(skb_frag_t));
        to_shinfo->nr_frags += from_shinfo->nr_frags;

        if (!skb_cloned(from))
                from_shinfo->nr_frags = 0;

        /* if the skb is not cloned this does nothing
         * since we set nr_frags to 0.
         */
        if (skb_pp_frag_ref(from)) {
                for (i = 0; i < from_shinfo->nr_frags; i++)
                        __skb_frag_ref(&from_shinfo->frags[i]);
        }

        to->truesize += delta;
        to->len += len;
        to->data_len += len;

        *delta_truesize = delta;
        return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_try_coalesce);

/**
 * skb_scrub_packet - scrub an skb
 *
 * @skb: buffer to clean
 * @xnet: packet is crossing netns
 *
 * skb_scrub_packet can be used after encapsulating or decapsulting a packet
 * into/from a tunnel. Some information have to be cleared during these
 * operations.
 * skb_scrub_packet can also be used to clean a skb before injecting it in
 * another namespace (@xnet == true). We have to clear all information in the
 * skb that could impact namespace isolation.
 */
void skb_scrub_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, bool xnet)
{
        skb->pkt_type = PACKET_HOST;
        skb->skb_iif = 0;
        skb->ignore_df = 0;
        skb_dst_drop(skb);
        skb_ext_reset(skb);
        nf_reset_ct(skb);
        nf_reset_trace(skb);

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_SWITCHDEV
        skb->offload_fwd_mark = 0;
        skb->offload_l3_fwd_mark = 0;
#endif

        if (!xnet)
                return;

        ipvs_reset(skb);
        skb->mark = 0;
        skb_clear_tstamp(skb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_scrub_packet);

static struct sk_buff *skb_reorder_vlan_header(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        int mac_len, meta_len;
        void *meta;

        if (skb_cow(skb, skb_headroom(skb)) < 0) {
                kfree_skb(skb);
                return NULL;
        }

        mac_len = skb->data - skb_mac_header(skb);
        if (likely(mac_len > VLAN_HLEN + ETH_TLEN)) {
                memmove(skb_mac_header(skb) + VLAN_HLEN, skb_mac_header(skb),
                        mac_len - VLAN_HLEN - ETH_TLEN);
        }

        meta_len = skb_metadata_len(skb);
        if (meta_len) {
                meta = skb_metadata_end(skb) - meta_len;
                memmove(meta + VLAN_HLEN, meta, meta_len);
        }

        skb->mac_header += VLAN_HLEN;
        return skb;
}

struct sk_buff *skb_vlan_untag(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct vlan_hdr *vhdr;
        u16 vlan_tci;

        if (unlikely(skb_vlan_tag_present(skb))) {
                /* vlan_tci is already set-up so leave this for another time */
                return skb;
        }

        skb = skb_share_check(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                goto err_free;
        /* We may access the two bytes after vlan_hdr in vlan_set_encap_proto(). */
        if (unlikely(!pskb_may_pull(skb, VLAN_HLEN + sizeof(unsigned short))))
                goto err_free;

        vhdr = (struct vlan_hdr *)skb->data;
        vlan_tci = ntohs(vhdr->h_vlan_TCI);
        __vlan_hwaccel_put_tag(skb, skb->protocol, vlan_tci);

        skb_pull_rcsum(skb, VLAN_HLEN);
        vlan_set_encap_proto(skb, vhdr);

        skb = skb_reorder_vlan_header(skb);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                goto err_free;

        skb_reset_network_header(skb);
        if (!skb_transport_header_was_set(skb))
                skb_reset_transport_header(skb);
        skb_reset_mac_len(skb);

        return skb;

err_free:
        kfree_skb(skb);
        return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_vlan_untag);

int skb_ensure_writable(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int write_len)
{
        if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, write_len))
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (!skb_cloned(skb) || skb_clone_writable(skb, write_len))
                return 0;

        return pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, GFP_ATOMIC);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_ensure_writable);

int skb_ensure_writable_head_tail(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
{
        int needed_headroom = dev->needed_headroom;
        int needed_tailroom = dev->needed_tailroom;

        /* For tail taggers, we need to pad short frames ourselves, to ensure
         * that the tail tag does not fail at its role of being at the end of
         * the packet, once the conduit interface pads the frame. Account for
         * that pad length here, and pad later.
         */
        if (unlikely(needed_tailroom && skb->len < ETH_ZLEN))
                needed_tailroom += ETH_ZLEN - skb->len;
        /* skb_headroom() returns unsigned int... */
        needed_headroom = max_t(int, needed_headroom - skb_headroom(skb), 0);
        needed_tailroom = max_t(int, needed_tailroom - skb_tailroom(skb), 0);

        if (likely(!needed_headroom && !needed_tailroom && !skb_cloned(skb)))
                /* No reallocation needed, yay! */
                return 0;

        return pskb_expand_head(skb, needed_headroom, needed_tailroom,
                                GFP_ATOMIC);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_ensure_writable_head_tail);

/* remove VLAN header from packet and update csum accordingly.
 * expects a non skb_vlan_tag_present skb with a vlan tag payload
 */
int __skb_vlan_pop(struct sk_buff *skb, u16 *vlan_tci)
{
        int offset = skb->data - skb_mac_header(skb);
        int err;

        if (WARN_ONCE(offset,
                      "__skb_vlan_pop got skb with skb->data not at mac header (offset %d)\n",
                      offset)) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        err = skb_ensure_writable(skb, VLAN_ETH_HLEN);
        if (unlikely(err))
                return err;

        skb_postpull_rcsum(skb, skb->data + (2 * ETH_ALEN), VLAN_HLEN);

        vlan_remove_tag(skb, vlan_tci);

        skb->mac_header += VLAN_HLEN;

        if (skb_network_offset(skb) < ETH_HLEN)
                skb_set_network_header(skb, ETH_HLEN);

        skb_reset_mac_len(skb);

        return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_vlan_pop);

/* Pop a vlan tag either from hwaccel or from payload.
 * Expects skb->data at mac header.
 */
int skb_vlan_pop(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        u16 vlan_tci;
        __be16 vlan_proto;
        int err;

        if (likely(skb_vlan_tag_present(skb))) {
                __vlan_hwaccel_clear_tag(skb);
        } else {
                if (unlikely(!eth_type_vlan(skb->protocol)))
                        return 0;

                err = __skb_vlan_pop(skb, &vlan_tci);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }
        /* move next vlan tag to hw accel tag */
        if (likely(!eth_type_vlan(skb->protocol)))
                return 0;

        vlan_proto = skb->protocol;
        err = __skb_vlan_pop(skb, &vlan_tci);
        if (unlikely(err))
                return err;

        __vlan_hwaccel_put_tag(skb, vlan_proto, vlan_tci);
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_vlan_pop);

/* Push a vlan tag either into hwaccel or into payload (if hwaccel tag present).
 * Expects skb->data at mac header.
 */
int skb_vlan_push(struct sk_buff *skb, __be16 vlan_proto, u16 vlan_tci)
{
        if (skb_vlan_tag_present(skb)) {
                int offset = skb->data - skb_mac_header(skb);
                int err;

                if (WARN_ONCE(offset,
                              "skb_vlan_push got skb with skb->data not at mac header (offset %d)\n",
                              offset)) {
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                err = __vlan_insert_tag(skb, skb->vlan_proto,
                                        skb_vlan_tag_get(skb));
                if (err)
                        return err;

                skb->protocol = skb->vlan_proto;
                skb->mac_len += VLAN_HLEN;

                skb_postpush_rcsum(skb, skb->data + (2 * ETH_ALEN), VLAN_HLEN);
        }
        __vlan_hwaccel_put_tag(skb, vlan_proto, vlan_tci);
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_vlan_push);

/**
 * skb_eth_pop() - Drop the Ethernet header at the head of a packet
 *
 * @skb: Socket buffer to modify
 *
 * Drop the Ethernet header of @skb.
 *
 * Expects that skb->data points to the mac header and that no VLAN tags are
 * present.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -errno otherwise.
 */
int skb_eth_pop(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, ETH_HLEN) || skb_vlan_tagged(skb) ||
            skb_network_offset(skb) < ETH_HLEN)
                return -EPROTO;

        skb_pull_rcsum(skb, ETH_HLEN);
        skb_reset_mac_header(skb);
        skb_reset_mac_len(skb);

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_eth_pop);

/**
 * skb_eth_push() - Add a new Ethernet header at the head of a packet
 *
 * @skb: Socket buffer to modify
 * @dst: Destination MAC address of the new header
 * @src: Source MAC address of the new header
 *
 * Prepend @skb with a new Ethernet header.
 *
 * Expects that skb->data points to the mac header, which must be empty.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -errno otherwise.
 */
int skb_eth_push(struct sk_buff *skb, const unsigned char *dst,
                 const unsigned char *src)
{
        struct ethhdr *eth;
        int err;

        if (skb_network_offset(skb) || skb_vlan_tag_present(skb))
                return -EPROTO;

        err = skb_cow_head(skb, sizeof(*eth));
        if (err < 0)
                return err;

        skb_push(skb, sizeof(*eth));
        skb_reset_mac_header(skb);
        skb_reset_mac_len(skb);

        eth = eth_hdr(skb);
        ether_addr_copy(eth->h_dest, dst);
        ether_addr_copy(eth->h_source, src);
        eth->h_proto = skb->protocol;

        skb_postpush_rcsum(skb, eth, sizeof(*eth));

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_eth_push);

/* Update the ethertype of hdr and the skb csum value if required. */
static void skb_mod_eth_type(struct sk_buff *skb, struct ethhdr *hdr,
                             __be16 ethertype)
{
        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE) {
                __be16 diff[] = { ~hdr->h_proto, ethertype };

                skb->csum = csum_partial((char *)diff, sizeof(diff), skb->csum);
        }

        hdr->h_proto = ethertype;
}

/**
 * skb_mpls_push() - push a new MPLS header after mac_len bytes from start of
 *                   the packet
 *
 * @skb: buffer
 * @mpls_lse: MPLS label stack entry to push
 * @mpls_proto: ethertype of the new MPLS header (expects 0x8847 or 0x8848)
 * @mac_len: length of the MAC header
 * @ethernet: flag to indicate if the resulting packet after skb_mpls_push is
 *            ethernet
 *
 * Expects skb->data at mac header.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -errno otherwise.
 */
int skb_mpls_push(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 mpls_lse, __be16 mpls_proto,
                  int mac_len, bool ethernet)
{
        struct mpls_shim_hdr *lse;
        int err;

        if (unlikely(!eth_p_mpls(mpls_proto)))
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Networking stack does not allow simultaneous Tunnel and MPLS GSO. */
        if (skb->encapsulation)
                return -EINVAL;

        err = skb_cow_head(skb, MPLS_HLEN);
        if (unlikely(err))
                return err;

        if (!skb->inner_protocol) {
                skb_set_inner_network_header(skb, skb_network_offset(skb));
                skb_set_inner_protocol(skb, skb->protocol);
        }

        skb_push(skb, MPLS_HLEN);
        memmove(skb_mac_header(skb) - MPLS_HLEN, skb_mac_header(skb),
                mac_len);
        skb_reset_mac_header(skb);
        skb_set_network_header(skb, mac_len);
        skb_reset_mac_len(skb);

        lse = mpls_hdr(skb);
        lse->label_stack_entry = mpls_lse;
        skb_postpush_rcsum(skb, lse, MPLS_HLEN);

        if (ethernet && mac_len >= ETH_HLEN)
                skb_mod_eth_type(skb, eth_hdr(skb), mpls_proto);
        skb->protocol = mpls_proto;

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_mpls_push);

/**
 * skb_mpls_pop() - pop the outermost MPLS header
 *
 * @skb: buffer
 * @next_proto: ethertype of header after popped MPLS header
 * @mac_len: length of the MAC header
 * @ethernet: flag to indicate if the packet is ethernet
 *
 * Expects skb->data at mac header.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -errno otherwise.
 */
int skb_mpls_pop(struct sk_buff *skb, __be16 next_proto, int mac_len,
                 bool ethernet)
{
        int err;

        if (unlikely(!eth_p_mpls(skb->protocol)))
                return 0;

        err = skb_ensure_writable(skb, mac_len + MPLS_HLEN);
        if (unlikely(err))
                return err;

        skb_postpull_rcsum(skb, mpls_hdr(skb), MPLS_HLEN);
        memmove(skb_mac_header(skb) + MPLS_HLEN, skb_mac_header(skb),
                mac_len);

        __skb_pull(skb, MPLS_HLEN);
        skb_reset_mac_header(skb);
        skb_set_network_header(skb, mac_len);

        if (ethernet && mac_len >= ETH_HLEN) {
                struct ethhdr *hdr;

                /* use mpls_hdr() to get ethertype to account for VLANs. */
                hdr = (struct ethhdr *)((void *)mpls_hdr(skb) - ETH_HLEN);
                skb_mod_eth_type(skb, hdr, next_proto);
        }
        skb->protocol = next_proto;

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_mpls_pop);

/**
 * skb_mpls_update_lse() - modify outermost MPLS header and update csum
 *
 * @skb: buffer
 * @mpls_lse: new MPLS label stack entry to update to
 *
 * Expects skb->data at mac header.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -errno otherwise.
 */
int skb_mpls_update_lse(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 mpls_lse)
{
        int err;

        if (unlikely(!eth_p_mpls(skb->protocol)))
                return -EINVAL;

        err = skb_ensure_writable(skb, skb->mac_len + MPLS_HLEN);
        if (unlikely(err))
                return err;

        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE) {
                __be32 diff[] = { ~mpls_hdr(skb)->label_stack_entry, mpls_lse };

                skb->csum = csum_partial((char *)diff, sizeof(diff), skb->csum);
        }

        mpls_hdr(skb)->label_stack_entry = mpls_lse;

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_mpls_update_lse);

/**
 * skb_mpls_dec_ttl() - decrement the TTL of the outermost MPLS header
 *
 * @skb: buffer
 *
 * Expects skb->data at mac header.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -errno otherwise.
 */
int skb_mpls_dec_ttl(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        u32 lse;
        u8 ttl;

        if (unlikely(!eth_p_mpls(skb->protocol)))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + MPLS_HLEN))
                return -ENOMEM;

        lse = be32_to_cpu(mpls_hdr(skb)->label_stack_entry);
        ttl = (lse & MPLS_LS_TTL_MASK) >> MPLS_LS_TTL_SHIFT;
        if (!--ttl)
                return -EINVAL;

        lse &= ~MPLS_LS_TTL_MASK;
        lse |= ttl << MPLS_LS_TTL_SHIFT;

        return skb_mpls_update_lse(skb, cpu_to_be32(lse));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(skb_mpls_dec_ttl);

/**
 * alloc_skb_with_frags - allocate skb with page frags
 *
 * @header_len: size of linear part
 * @data_len: needed length in frags
 * @order: max page order desired.
 * @errcode: pointer to error code if any
 * @gfp_mask: allocation mask
 *
 * This can be used to allocate a paged skb, given a maximal order for frags.
 */
struct sk_buff *alloc_skb_with_frags(unsigned long header_len,
                                     unsigned long data_len,
                                     int order,
                                     int *errcode,
                                     gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        unsigned long chunk;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct page *page;
        int nr_frags = 0;

        *errcode = -EMSGSIZE;
        if (unlikely(data_len > MAX_SKB_FRAGS * (PAGE_SIZE << order)))
                return NULL;

        *errcode = -ENOBUFS;
        skb = alloc_skb(header_len, gfp_mask);
        if (!skb)
                return NULL;

        while (data_len) {
                if (nr_frags == MAX_SKB_FRAGS - 1)
                        goto failure;
                while (order && PAGE_ALIGN(data_len) < (PAGE_SIZE << order))
                        order--;

                if (order) {
                        page = alloc_pages((gfp_mask & ~__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM) |
                                           __GFP_COMP |
                                           __GFP_NOWARN,
                                           order);
                        if (!page) {
                                order--;
                                continue;
                        }
                } else {
                        page = alloc_page(gfp_mask);
                        if (!page)
                                goto failure;
                }
                chunk = min_t(unsigned long, data_len,
                              PAGE_SIZE << order);
                skb_fill_page_desc(skb, nr_frags, page, 0, chunk);
                nr_frags++;
                skb->truesize += (PAGE_SIZE << order);
                data_len -= chunk;
        }
        return skb;

failure:
        kfree_skb(skb);
        return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_skb_with_frags);

/* carve out the first off bytes from skb when off < headlen */
static int pskb_carve_inside_header(struct sk_buff *skb, const u32 off,
                                    const int headlen, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        int i;
        unsigned int size = skb_end_offset(skb);
        int new_hlen = headlen - off;
        u8 *data;

        if (skb_pfmemalloc(skb))
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

        data = kmalloc_reserve(&size, gfp_mask, NUMA_NO_NODE, NULL);
        if (!data)
                return -ENOMEM;
        size = SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(size);

        /* Copy real data, and all frags */
        skb_copy_from_linear_data_offset(skb, off, data, new_hlen);
        skb->len -= off;

        memcpy((struct skb_shared_info *)(data + size),
               skb_shinfo(skb),
               offsetof(struct skb_shared_info,
                        frags[skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags]));
        if (skb_cloned(skb)) {
                /* drop the old head gracefully */
                if (skb_orphan_frags(skb, gfp_mask)) {
                        skb_kfree_head(data, size);
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++)
                        skb_frag_ref(skb, i);
                if (skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                        skb_clone_fraglist(skb);
                skb_release_data(skb, SKB_CONSUMED);
        } else {
                /* we can reuse existing recount- all we did was
                 * relocate values
                 */
                skb_free_head(skb);
        }

        skb->head = data;
        skb->data = data;
        skb->head_frag = 0;
        skb_set_end_offset(skb, size);
        skb_set_tail_pointer(skb, skb_headlen(skb));
        skb_headers_offset_update(skb, 0);
        skb->cloned = 0;
        skb->hdr_len = 0;
        skb->nohdr = 0;
        atomic_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->dataref, 1);

        return 0;
}

static int pskb_carve(struct sk_buff *skb, const u32 off, gfp_t gfp);

/* carve out the first eat bytes from skb's frag_list. May recurse into
 * pskb_carve()
 */
static int pskb_carve_frag_list(struct sk_buff *skb,
                                struct skb_shared_info *shinfo, int eat,
                                gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        struct sk_buff *list = shinfo->frag_list;
        struct sk_buff *clone = NULL;
        struct sk_buff *insp = NULL;

        do {
                if (!list) {
                        pr_err("Not enough bytes to eat. Want %d\n", eat);
                        return -EFAULT;
                }
                if (list->len <= eat) {
                        /* Eaten as whole. */
                        eat -= list->len;
                        list = list->next;
                        insp = list;
                } else {
                        /* Eaten partially. */
                        if (skb_shared(list)) {
                                clone = skb_clone(list, gfp_mask);
                                if (!clone)
                                        return -ENOMEM;
                                insp = list->next;
                                list = clone;
                        } else {
                                /* This may be pulled without problems. */
                                insp = list;
                        }
                        if (pskb_carve(list, eat, gfp_mask) < 0) {
                                kfree_skb(clone);
                                return -ENOMEM;
                        }
                        break;
                }
        } while (eat);

        /* Free pulled out fragments. */
        while ((list = shinfo->frag_list) != insp) {
                shinfo->frag_list = list->next;
                consume_skb(list);
        }
        /* And insert new clone at head. */
        if (clone) {
                clone->next = list;
                shinfo->frag_list = clone;
        }
        return 0;
}

/* carve off first len bytes from skb. Split line (off) is in the
 * non-linear part of skb
 */
static int pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear(struct sk_buff *skb, const u32 off,
                                       int pos, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        int i, k = 0;
        unsigned int size = skb_end_offset(skb);
        u8 *data;
        const int nfrags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
        struct skb_shared_info *shinfo;

        if (skb_pfmemalloc(skb))
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;

        data = kmalloc_reserve(&size, gfp_mask, NUMA_NO_NODE, NULL);
        if (!data)
                return -ENOMEM;
        size = SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(size);

        memcpy((struct skb_shared_info *)(data + size),
               skb_shinfo(skb), offsetof(struct skb_shared_info, frags[0]));
        if (skb_orphan_frags(skb, gfp_mask)) {
                skb_kfree_head(data, size);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        shinfo = (struct skb_shared_info *)(data + size);
        for (i = 0; i < nfrags; i++) {
                int fsize = skb_frag_size(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i]);

                if (pos + fsize > off) {
                        shinfo->frags[k] = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];

                        if (pos < off) {
                                /* Split frag.
                                 * We have two variants in this case:
                                 * 1. Move all the frag to the second
                                 *    part, if it is possible. F.e.
                                 *    this approach is mandatory for TUX,
                                 *    where splitting is expensive.
                                 * 2. Split is accurately. We make this.
                                 */
                                skb_frag_off_add(&shinfo->frags[0], off - pos);
                                skb_frag_size_sub(&shinfo->frags[0], off - pos);
                        }
                        skb_frag_ref(skb, i);
                        k++;
                }
                pos += fsize;
        }
        shinfo->nr_frags = k;
        if (skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                skb_clone_fraglist(skb);

        /* split line is in frag list */
        if (k == 0 && pskb_carve_frag_list(skb, shinfo, off - pos, gfp_mask)) {
                /* skb_frag_unref() is not needed here as shinfo->nr_frags = 0. */
                if (skb_has_frag_list(skb))
                        kfree_skb_list(skb_shinfo(skb)->frag_list);
                skb_kfree_head(data, size);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        skb_release_data(skb, SKB_CONSUMED);

        skb->head = data;
        skb->head_frag = 0;
        skb->data = data;
        skb_set_end_offset(skb, size);
        skb_reset_tail_pointer(skb);
        skb_headers_offset_update(skb, 0);
        skb->cloned   = 0;
        skb->hdr_len  = 0;
        skb->nohdr    = 0;
        skb->len -= off;
        skb->data_len = skb->len;
        atomic_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->dataref, 1);
        return 0;
}

/* remove len bytes from the beginning of the skb */
static int pskb_carve(struct sk_buff *skb, const u32 len, gfp_t gfp)
{
        int headlen = skb_headlen(skb);

        if (len < headlen)
                return pskb_carve_inside_header(skb, len, headlen, gfp);
        else
                return pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear(skb, len, headlen, gfp);
}

/* Extract to_copy bytes starting at off from skb, and return this in
 * a new skb
 */
struct sk_buff *pskb_extract(struct sk_buff *skb, int off,
                             int to_copy, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct sk_buff  *clone = skb_clone(skb, gfp);

        if (!clone)
                return NULL;

        if (pskb_carve(clone, off, gfp) < 0 ||
            pskb_trim(clone, to_copy)) {
                kfree_skb(clone);
                return NULL;
        }
        return clone;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pskb_extract);

/**
 * skb_condense - try to get rid of fragments/frag_list if possible
 * @skb: buffer
 *
 * Can be used to save memory before skb is added to a busy queue.
 * If packet has bytes in frags and enough tail room in skb->head,
 * pull all of them, so that we can free the frags right now and adjust
 * truesize.
 * Notes:
 *      We do not reallocate skb->head thus can not fail.
 *      Caller must re-evaluate skb->truesize if needed.
 */
void skb_condense(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (skb->data_len) {
                if (skb->data_len > skb->end - skb->tail ||
                    skb_cloned(skb))
                        return;

                /* Nice, we can free page frag(s) right now */
                __pskb_pull_tail(skb, skb->data_len);
        }
        /* At this point, skb->truesize might be over estimated,
         * because skb had a fragment, and fragments do not tell
         * their truesize.
         * When we pulled its content into skb->head, fragment
         * was freed, but __pskb_pull_tail() could not possibly
         * adjust skb->truesize, not knowing the frag truesize.
         */
        skb->truesize = SKB_TRUESIZE(skb_end_offset(skb));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_condense);

#ifdef CONFIG_SKB_EXTENSIONS
static void *skb_ext_get_ptr(struct skb_ext *ext, enum skb_ext_id id)
{
        return (void *)ext + (ext->offset[id] * SKB_EXT_ALIGN_VALUE);
}

/**
 * __skb_ext_alloc - allocate a new skb extensions storage
 *
 * @flags: See kmalloc().
 *
 * Returns the newly allocated pointer. The pointer can later attached to a
 * skb via __skb_ext_set().
 * Note: caller must handle the skb_ext as an opaque data.
 */
struct skb_ext *__skb_ext_alloc(gfp_t flags)
{
        struct skb_ext *new = kmem_cache_alloc(skbuff_ext_cache, flags);

        if (new) {
                memset(new->offset, 0, sizeof(new->offset));
                refcount_set(&new->refcnt, 1);
        }

        return new;
}

static struct skb_ext *skb_ext_maybe_cow(struct skb_ext *old,
                                         unsigned int old_active)
{
        struct skb_ext *new;

        if (refcount_read(&old->refcnt) == 1)
                return old;

        new = kmem_cache_alloc(skbuff_ext_cache, GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (!new)
                return NULL;

        memcpy(new, old, old->chunks * SKB_EXT_ALIGN_VALUE);
        refcount_set(&new->refcnt, 1);

#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
        if (old_active & (1 << SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH)) {
                struct sec_path *sp = skb_ext_get_ptr(old, SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH);
                unsigned int i;

                for (i = 0; i < sp->len; i++)
                        xfrm_state_hold(sp->xvec[i]);
        }
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_MCTP_FLOWS
        if (old_active & (1 << SKB_EXT_MCTP)) {
                struct mctp_flow *flow = skb_ext_get_ptr(old, SKB_EXT_MCTP);

                if (flow->key)
                        refcount_inc(&flow->key->refs);
        }
#endif
        __skb_ext_put(old);
        return new;
}

/**
 * __skb_ext_set - attach the specified extension storage to this skb
 * @skb: buffer
 * @id: extension id
 * @ext: extension storage previously allocated via __skb_ext_alloc()
 *
 * Existing extensions, if any, are cleared.
 *
 * Returns the pointer to the extension.
 */
void *__skb_ext_set(struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_ext_id id,
                    struct skb_ext *ext)
{
        unsigned int newlen, newoff = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(*ext);

        skb_ext_put(skb);
        newlen = newoff + skb_ext_type_len[id];
        ext->chunks = newlen;
        ext->offset[id] = newoff;
        skb->extensions = ext;
        skb->active_extensions = 1 << id;
        return skb_ext_get_ptr(ext, id);
}

/**
 * skb_ext_add - allocate space for given extension, COW if needed
 * @skb: buffer
 * @id: extension to allocate space for
 *
 * Allocates enough space for the given extension.
 * If the extension is already present, a pointer to that extension
 * is returned.
 *
 * If the skb was cloned, COW applies and the returned memory can be
 * modified without changing the extension space of clones buffers.
 *
 * Returns pointer to the extension or NULL on allocation failure.
 */
void *skb_ext_add(struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_ext_id id)
{
        struct skb_ext *new, *old = NULL;
        unsigned int newlen, newoff;

        if (skb->active_extensions) {
                old = skb->extensions;

                new = skb_ext_maybe_cow(old, skb->active_extensions);
                if (!new)
                        return NULL;

                if (__skb_ext_exist(new, id))
                        goto set_active;

                newoff = new->chunks;
        } else {
                newoff = SKB_EXT_CHUNKSIZEOF(*new);

                new = __skb_ext_alloc(GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (!new)
                        return NULL;
        }

        newlen = newoff + skb_ext_type_len[id];
        new->chunks = newlen;
        new->offset[id] = newoff;
set_active:
        skb->slow_gro = 1;
        skb->extensions = new;
        skb->active_extensions |= 1 << id;
        return skb_ext_get_ptr(new, id);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_ext_add);

#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
static void skb_ext_put_sp(struct sec_path *sp)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < sp->len; i++)
                xfrm_state_put(sp->xvec[i]);
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MCTP_FLOWS
static void skb_ext_put_mctp(struct mctp_flow *flow)
{
        if (flow->key)
                mctp_key_unref(flow->key);
}
#endif

void __skb_ext_del(struct sk_buff *skb, enum skb_ext_id id)
{
        struct skb_ext *ext = skb->extensions;

        skb->active_extensions &= ~(1 << id);
        if (skb->active_extensions == 0) {
                skb->extensions = NULL;
                __skb_ext_put(ext);
#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
        } else if (id == SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH &&
                   refcount_read(&ext->refcnt) == 1) {
                struct sec_path *sp = skb_ext_get_ptr(ext, SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH);

                skb_ext_put_sp(sp);
                sp->len = 0;
#endif
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_ext_del);

void __skb_ext_put(struct skb_ext *ext)
{
        /* If this is last clone, nothing can increment
         * it after check passes.  Avoids one atomic op.
         */
        if (refcount_read(&ext->refcnt) == 1)
                goto free_now;

        if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&ext->refcnt))
                return;
free_now:
#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
        if (__skb_ext_exist(ext, SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH))
                skb_ext_put_sp(skb_ext_get_ptr(ext, SKB_EXT_SEC_PATH));
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_MCTP_FLOWS
        if (__skb_ext_exist(ext, SKB_EXT_MCTP))
                skb_ext_put_mctp(skb_ext_get_ptr(ext, SKB_EXT_MCTP));
#endif

        kmem_cache_free(skbuff_ext_cache, ext);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__skb_ext_put);
#endif /* CONFIG_SKB_EXTENSIONS */

static void kfree_skb_napi_cache(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        /* if SKB is a clone, don't handle this case */
        if (skb->fclone != SKB_FCLONE_UNAVAILABLE) {
                __kfree_skb(skb);
                return;
        }

        local_bh_disable();
        __napi_kfree_skb(skb, SKB_CONSUMED);
        local_bh_enable();
}

/**
 * skb_attempt_defer_free - queue skb for remote freeing
 * @skb: buffer
 *
 * Put @skb in a per-cpu list, using the cpu which
 * allocated the skb/pages to reduce false sharing
 * and memory zone spinlock contention.
 */
void skb_attempt_defer_free(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        int cpu = skb->alloc_cpu;
        struct softnet_data *sd;
        unsigned int defer_max;
        bool kick;

        if (cpu == raw_smp_processor_id() ||
            WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu >= nr_cpu_ids) ||
            !cpu_online(cpu)) {
nodefer:        kfree_skb_napi_cache(skb);
                return;
        }

        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(skb_dst(skb));
        DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(skb->destructor);

        sd = &per_cpu(softnet_data, cpu);
        defer_max = READ_ONCE(net_hotdata.sysctl_skb_defer_max);
        if (READ_ONCE(sd->defer_count) >= defer_max)
                goto nodefer;

        spin_lock_bh(&sd->defer_lock);
        /* Send an IPI every time queue reaches half capacity. */
        kick = sd->defer_count == (defer_max >> 1);
        /* Paired with the READ_ONCE() few lines above */
        WRITE_ONCE(sd->defer_count, sd->defer_count + 1);

        skb->next = sd->defer_list;
        /* Paired with READ_ONCE() in skb_defer_free_flush() */
        WRITE_ONCE(sd->defer_list, skb);
        spin_unlock_bh(&sd->defer_lock);

        /* Make sure to trigger NET_RX_SOFTIRQ on the remote CPU
         * if we are unlucky enough (this seems very unlikely).
         */
        if (unlikely(kick))
                kick_defer_list_purge(sd, cpu);
}

static void skb_splice_csum_page(struct sk_buff *skb, struct page *page,
                                 size_t offset, size_t len)
{
        const char *kaddr;
        __wsum csum;

        kaddr = kmap_local_page(page);
        csum = csum_partial(kaddr + offset, len, 0);
        kunmap_local(kaddr);
        skb->csum = csum_block_add(skb->csum, csum, skb->len);
}

/**
 * skb_splice_from_iter - Splice (or copy) pages to skbuff
 * @skb: The buffer to add pages to
 * @iter: Iterator representing the pages to be added
 * @maxsize: Maximum amount of pages to be added
 * @gfp: Allocation flags
 *
 * This is a common helper function for supporting MSG_SPLICE_PAGES.  It
 * extracts pages from an iterator and adds them to the socket buffer if
 * possible, copying them to fragments if not possible (such as if they're slab
 * pages).
 *
 * Returns the amount of data spliced/copied or -EMSGSIZE if there's
 * insufficient space in the buffer to transfer anything.
 */
ssize_t skb_splice_from_iter(struct sk_buff *skb, struct iov_iter *iter,
                             ssize_t maxsize, gfp_t gfp)
{
        size_t frag_limit = READ_ONCE(net_hotdata.sysctl_max_skb_frags);
        struct page *pages[8], **ppages = pages;
        ssize_t spliced = 0, ret = 0;
        unsigned int i;

        while (iter->count > 0) {
                ssize_t space, nr, len;
                size_t off;

                ret = -EMSGSIZE;
                space = frag_limit - skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
                if (space < 0)
                        break;

                /* We might be able to coalesce without increasing nr_frags */
                nr = clamp_t(size_t, space, 1, ARRAY_SIZE(pages));

                len = iov_iter_extract_pages(iter, &ppages, maxsize, nr, 0, &off);
                if (len <= 0) {
                        ret = len ?: -EIO;
                        break;
                }

                i = 0;
                do {
                        struct page *page = pages[i++];
                        size_t part = min_t(size_t, PAGE_SIZE - off, len);

                        ret = -EIO;
                        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!sendpage_ok(page)))
                                goto out;

                        ret = skb_append_pagefrags(skb, page, off, part,
                                                   frag_limit);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                iov_iter_revert(iter, len);
                                goto out;
                        }

                        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_NONE)
                                skb_splice_csum_page(skb, page, off, part);

                        off = 0;
                        spliced += part;
                        maxsize -= part;
                        len -= part;
                } while (len > 0);

                if (maxsize <= 0)
                        break;
        }

out:
        skb_len_add(skb, spliced);
        return spliced ?: ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(skb_splice_from_iter);

static __always_inline
size_t memcpy_from_iter_csum(void *iter_from, size_t progress,
                             size_t len, void *to, void *priv2)
{
        __wsum *csum = priv2;
        __wsum next = csum_partial_copy_nocheck(iter_from, to + progress, len);

        *csum = csum_block_add(*csum, next, progress);
        return 0;
}

static __always_inline
size_t copy_from_user_iter_csum(void __user *iter_from, size_t progress,
                                size_t len, void *to, void *priv2)
{
        __wsum next, *csum = priv2;

        next = csum_and_copy_from_user(iter_from, to + progress, len);
        *csum = csum_block_add(*csum, next, progress);
        return next ? 0 : len;
}

bool csum_and_copy_from_iter_full(void *addr, size_t bytes,
                                  __wsum *csum, struct iov_iter *i)
{
        size_t copied;

        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!i->data_source))
                return false;
        copied = iterate_and_advance2(i, bytes, addr, csum,
                                      copy_from_user_iter_csum,
                                      memcpy_from_iter_csum);
        if (likely(copied == bytes))
                return true;
        iov_iter_revert(i, copied);
        return false;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(csum_and_copy_from_iter_full);