arch/arm64/kernel/module-plts.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2 /*
   3  * Copyright (C) 2014-2017 Linaro Ltd. <[email protected]>
   4  */
   5
   6 #include <linux/elf.h>
   7 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
   8 #include <linux/kernel.h>
   9 #include <linux/module.h>
  10 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
  11 #include <linux/sort.h>
  12
  13 static struct plt_entry __get_adrp_add_pair(u64 dst, u64 pc,
  14                                             enum aarch64_insn_register reg)
  15 {
  16         u32 adrp, add;
  17
  18         adrp = aarch64_insn_gen_adr(pc, dst, reg, AARCH64_INSN_ADR_TYPE_ADRP);
  19         add = aarch64_insn_gen_add_sub_imm(reg, reg, dst % SZ_4K,
  20                                            AARCH64_INSN_VARIANT_64BIT,
  21                                            AARCH64_INSN_ADSB_ADD);
  22
  23         return (struct plt_entry){ cpu_to_le32(adrp), cpu_to_le32(add) };
  24 }
  25
  26 struct plt_entry get_plt_entry(u64 dst, void *pc)
  27 {
  28         struct plt_entry plt;
  29         static u32 br;
  30
  31         if (!br)
  32                 br = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_reg(AARCH64_INSN_REG_16,
  33                                                  AARCH64_INSN_BRANCH_NOLINK);
  34
  35         plt = __get_adrp_add_pair(dst, (u64)pc, AARCH64_INSN_REG_16);
  36         plt.br = cpu_to_le32(br);
  37
  38         return plt;
  39 }
  40
  41 static bool plt_entries_equal(const struct plt_entry *a,
  42                               const struct plt_entry *b)
  43 {
  44         u64 p, q;
  45
  46         /*
  47          * Check whether both entries refer to the same target:
  48          * do the cheapest checks first.
  49          * If the 'add' or 'br' opcodes are different, then the target
  50          * cannot be the same.
  51          */
  52         if (a->add != b->add || a->br != b->br)
  53                 return false;
  54
  55         p = ALIGN_DOWN((u64)a, SZ_4K);
  56         q = ALIGN_DOWN((u64)b, SZ_4K);
  57
  58         /*
  59          * If the 'adrp' opcodes are the same then we just need to check
  60          * that they refer to the same 4k region.
  61          */
  62         if (a->adrp == b->adrp && p == q)
  63                 return true;
  64
  65         return (p + aarch64_insn_adrp_get_offset(le32_to_cpu(a->adrp))) ==
  66                (q + aarch64_insn_adrp_get_offset(le32_to_cpu(b->adrp)));
  67 }
  68
  69 u64 module_emit_plt_entry(struct module *mod, Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
  70                           void *loc, const Elf64_Rela *rela,
  71                           Elf64_Sym *sym)
  72 {
  73         struct mod_plt_sec *pltsec = !within_module_init((unsigned long)loc, mod) ?
  74                                                 &mod->arch.core : &mod->arch.init;
  75         struct plt_entry *plt = (struct plt_entry *)sechdrs[pltsec->plt_shndx].sh_addr;
  76         int i = pltsec->plt_num_entries;
  77         int j = i - 1;
  78         u64 val = sym->st_value + rela->r_addend;
  79
  80         if (is_forbidden_offset_for_adrp(&plt[i].adrp))
  81                 i++;
  82
  83         plt[i] = get_plt_entry(val, &plt[i]);
  84
  85         /*
  86          * Check if the entry we just created is a duplicate. Given that the
  87          * relocations are sorted, this will be the last entry we allocated.
  88          * (if one exists).
  89          */
  90         if (j >= 0 && plt_entries_equal(plt + i, plt + j))
  91                 return (u64)&plt[j];
  92
  93         pltsec->plt_num_entries += i - j;
  94         if (WARN_ON(pltsec->plt_num_entries > pltsec->plt_max_entries))
  95                 return 0;
  96
  97         return (u64)&plt[i];
  98 }
  99
 100 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_843419
 101 u64 module_emit_veneer_for_adrp(struct module *mod, Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
 102                                 void *loc, u64 val)
 103 {
 104         struct mod_plt_sec *pltsec = !within_module_init((unsigned long)loc, mod) ?
 105                                                 &mod->arch.core : &mod->arch.init;
 106         struct plt_entry *plt = (struct plt_entry *)sechdrs[pltsec->plt_shndx].sh_addr;
 107         int i = pltsec->plt_num_entries++;
 108         u32 br;
 109         int rd;
 110
 111         if (WARN_ON(pltsec->plt_num_entries > pltsec->plt_max_entries))
 112                 return 0;
 113
 114         if (is_forbidden_offset_for_adrp(&plt[i].adrp))
 115                 i = pltsec->plt_num_entries++;
 116
 117         /* get the destination register of the ADRP instruction */
 118         rd = aarch64_insn_decode_register(AARCH64_INSN_REGTYPE_RD,
 119                                           le32_to_cpup((__le32 *)loc));
 120
 121         br = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm((u64)&plt[i].br, (u64)loc + 4,
 122                                          AARCH64_INSN_BRANCH_NOLINK);
 123
 124         plt[i] = __get_adrp_add_pair(val, (u64)&plt[i], rd);
 125         plt[i].br = cpu_to_le32(br);
 126
 127         return (u64)&plt[i];
 128 }
 129 #endif
 130
 131 #define cmp_3way(a, b)  ((a) < (b) ? -1 : (a) > (b))
 132
 133 static int cmp_rela(const void *a, const void *b)
 134 {
 135         const Elf64_Rela *x = a, *y = b;
 136         int i;
 137
 138         /* sort by type, symbol index and addend */
 139         i = cmp_3way(ELF64_R_TYPE(x->r_info), ELF64_R_TYPE(y->r_info));
 140         if (i == 0)
 141                 i = cmp_3way(ELF64_R_SYM(x->r_info), ELF64_R_SYM(y->r_info));
 142         if (i == 0)
 143                 i = cmp_3way(x->r_addend, y->r_addend);
 144         return i;
 145 }
 146
 147 static bool duplicate_rel(const Elf64_Rela *rela, int num)
 148 {
 149         /*
 150          * Entries are sorted by type, symbol index and addend. That means
 151          * that, if a duplicate entry exists, it must be in the preceding
 152          * slot.
 153          */
 154         return num > 0 && cmp_rela(rela + num, rela + num - 1) == 0;
 155 }
 156
 157 static unsigned int count_plts(Elf64_Sym *syms, Elf64_Rela *rela, int num,
 158                                Elf64_Word dstidx, Elf_Shdr *dstsec)
 159 {
 160         unsigned int ret = 0;
 161         Elf64_Sym *s;
 162         int i;
 163
 164         for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 165                 u64 min_align;
 166
 167                 switch (ELF64_R_TYPE(rela[i].r_info)) {
 168                 case R_AARCH64_JUMP26:
 169                 case R_AARCH64_CALL26:
 170                         if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE))
 171                                 break;
 172
 173                         /*
 174                          * We only have to consider branch targets that resolve
 175                          * to symbols that are defined in a different section.
 176                          * This is not simply a heuristic, it is a fundamental
 177                          * limitation, since there is no guaranteed way to emit
 178                          * PLT entries sufficiently close to the branch if the
 179                          * section size exceeds the range of a branch
 180                          * instruction. So ignore relocations against defined
 181                          * symbols if they live in the same section as the
 182                          * relocation target.
 183                          */
 184                         s = syms + ELF64_R_SYM(rela[i].r_info);
 185                         if (s->st_shndx == dstidx)
 186                                 break;
 187
 188                         /*
 189                          * Jump relocations with non-zero addends against
 190                          * undefined symbols are supported by the ELF spec, but
 191                          * do not occur in practice (e.g., 'jump n bytes past
 192                          * the entry point of undefined function symbol f').
 193                          * So we need to support them, but there is no need to
 194                          * take them into consideration when trying to optimize
 195                          * this code. So let's only check for duplicates when
 196                          * the addend is zero: this allows us to record the PLT
 197                          * entry address in the symbol table itself, rather than
 198                          * having to search the list for duplicates each time we
 199                          * emit one.
 200                          */
 201                         if (rela[i].r_addend != 0 || !duplicate_rel(rela, i))
 202                                 ret++;
 203                         break;
 204                 case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21_NC:
 205                 case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21:
 206                         if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_843419) ||
 207                             !cpus_have_const_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_843419))
 208                                 break;
 209
 210                         /*
 211                          * Determine the minimal safe alignment for this ADRP
 212                          * instruction: the section alignment at which it is
 213                          * guaranteed not to appear at a vulnerable offset.
 214                          *
 215                          * This comes down to finding the least significant zero
 216                          * bit in bits [11:3] of the section offset, and
 217                          * increasing the section's alignment so that the
 218                          * resulting address of this instruction is guaranteed
 219                          * to equal the offset in that particular bit (as well
 220                          * as all less significant bits). This ensures that the
 221                          * address modulo 4 KB != 0xfff8 or 0xfffc (which would
 222                          * have all ones in bits [11:3])
 223                          */
 224                         min_align = 2ULL << ffz(rela[i].r_offset | 0x7);
 225
 226                         /*
 227                          * Allocate veneer space for each ADRP that may appear
 228                          * at a vulnerable offset nonetheless. At relocation
 229                          * time, some of these will remain unused since some
 230                          * ADRP instructions can be patched to ADR instructions
 231                          * instead.
 232                          */
 233                         if (min_align > SZ_4K)
 234                                 ret++;
 235                         else
 236                                 dstsec->sh_addralign = max(dstsec->sh_addralign,
 237                                                            min_align);
 238                         break;
 239                 }
 240         }
 241
 242         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_843419) &&
 243             cpus_have_const_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_843419))
 244                 /*
 245                  * Add some slack so we can skip PLT slots that may trigger
 246                  * the erratum due to the placement of the ADRP instruction.
 247                  */
 248                 ret += DIV_ROUND_UP(ret, (SZ_4K / sizeof(struct plt_entry)));
 249
 250         return ret;
 251 }
 252
 253 static bool branch_rela_needs_plt(Elf64_Sym *syms, Elf64_Rela *rela,
 254                                   Elf64_Word dstidx)
 255 {
 256
 257         Elf64_Sym *s = syms + ELF64_R_SYM(rela->r_info);
 258
 259         if (s->st_shndx == dstidx)
 260                 return false;
 261
 262         return ELF64_R_TYPE(rela->r_info) == R_AARCH64_JUMP26 ||
 263                ELF64_R_TYPE(rela->r_info) == R_AARCH64_CALL26;
 264 }
 265
 266 /* Group branch PLT relas at the front end of the array. */
 267 static int partition_branch_plt_relas(Elf64_Sym *syms, Elf64_Rela *rela,
 268                                       int numrels, Elf64_Word dstidx)
 269 {
 270         int i = 0, j = numrels - 1;
 271
 272         if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE))
 273                 return 0;
 274
 275         while (i < j) {
 276                 if (branch_rela_needs_plt(syms, &rela[i], dstidx))
 277                         i++;
 278                 else if (branch_rela_needs_plt(syms, &rela[j], dstidx))
 279                         swap(rela[i], rela[j]);
 280                 else
 281                         j--;
 282         }
 283
 284         return i;
 285 }
 286
 287 int module_frob_arch_sections(Elf_Ehdr *ehdr, Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
 288                               char *secstrings, struct module *mod)
 289 {
 290         unsigned long core_plts = 0;
 291         unsigned long init_plts = 0;
 292         Elf64_Sym *syms = NULL;
 293         Elf_Shdr *pltsec, *tramp = NULL;
 294         int i;
 295
 296         /*
 297          * Find the empty .plt section so we can expand it to store the PLT
 298          * entries. Record the symtab address as well.
 299          */
 300         for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
 301                 if (!strcmp(secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".plt"))
 302                         mod->arch.core.plt_shndx = i;
 303                 else if (!strcmp(secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".init.plt"))
 304                         mod->arch.init.plt_shndx = i;
 305                 else if (!strcmp(secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name,
 306                                  ".text.ftrace_trampoline"))
 307                         tramp = sechdrs + i;
 308                 else if (sechdrs[i].sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB)
 309                         syms = (Elf64_Sym *)sechdrs[i].sh_addr;
 310         }
 311
 312         if (!mod->arch.core.plt_shndx || !mod->arch.init.plt_shndx) {
 313                 pr_err("%s: module PLT section(s) missing\n", mod->name);
 314                 return -ENOEXEC;
 315         }
 316         if (!syms) {
 317                 pr_err("%s: module symtab section missing\n", mod->name);
 318                 return -ENOEXEC;
 319         }
 320
 321         for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
 322                 Elf64_Rela *rels = (void *)ehdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
 323                 int nents, numrels = sechdrs[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf64_Rela);
 324                 Elf64_Shdr *dstsec = sechdrs + sechdrs[i].sh_info;
 325
 326                 if (sechdrs[i].sh_type != SHT_RELA)
 327                         continue;
 328
 329                 /* ignore relocations that operate on non-exec sections */
 330                 if (!(dstsec->sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR))
 331                         continue;
 332
 333                 /*
 334                  * sort branch relocations requiring a PLT by type, symbol index
 335                  * and addend
 336                  */
 337                 nents = partition_branch_plt_relas(syms, rels, numrels,
 338                                                    sechdrs[i].sh_info);
 339                 if (nents)
 340                         sort(rels, nents, sizeof(Elf64_Rela), cmp_rela, NULL);
 341
 342                 if (!str_has_prefix(secstrings + dstsec->sh_name, ".init"))
 343                         core_plts += count_plts(syms, rels, numrels,
 344                                                 sechdrs[i].sh_info, dstsec);
 345                 else
 346                         init_plts += count_plts(syms, rels, numrels,
 347                                                 sechdrs[i].sh_info, dstsec);
 348         }
 349
 350         pltsec = sechdrs + mod->arch.core.plt_shndx;
 351         pltsec->sh_type = SHT_NOBITS;
 352         pltsec->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
 353         pltsec->sh_addralign = L1_CACHE_BYTES;
 354         pltsec->sh_size = (core_plts  + 1) * sizeof(struct plt_entry);
 355         mod->arch.core.plt_num_entries = 0;
 356         mod->arch.core.plt_max_entries = core_plts;
 357
 358         pltsec = sechdrs + mod->arch.init.plt_shndx;
 359         pltsec->sh_type = SHT_NOBITS;
 360         pltsec->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
 361         pltsec->sh_addralign = L1_CACHE_BYTES;
 362         pltsec->sh_size = (init_plts + 1) * sizeof(struct plt_entry);
 363         mod->arch.init.plt_num_entries = 0;
 364         mod->arch.init.plt_max_entries = init_plts;
 365
 366         if (tramp) {
 367                 tramp->sh_type = SHT_NOBITS;
 368                 tramp->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
 369                 tramp->sh_addralign = __alignof__(struct plt_entry);
 370                 tramp->sh_size = NR_FTRACE_PLTS * sizeof(struct plt_entry);
 371         }
 372
 373         return 0;
 374 }