2 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
3 * License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
6 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
7 * Copyright (C) 1995 Waldorf Electronics
8 * Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 01, 02, 03 Ralf Baechle
9 * Copyright (C) 1996 Stoned Elipot
10 * Copyright (C) 1999 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
11 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007 Maciej W. Rozycki
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/cpu.h>
15 #include <linux/delay.h>
16 #include <linux/ioport.h>
17 #include <linux/export.h>
18 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
19 #include <linux/memblock.h>
20 #include <linux/initrd.h>
21 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
22 #include <linux/highmem.h>
23 #include <linux/console.h>
24 #include <linux/pfn.h>
25 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
26 #include <linux/kexec.h>
27 #include <linux/sizes.h>
28 #include <linux/device.h>
29 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
30 #include <linux/decompress/generic.h>
31 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
32 #include <linux/dmi.h>
33 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
35 #include <asm/addrspace.h>
36 #include <asm/bootinfo.h>
38 #include <asm/cache.h>
41 #include <asm/debug.h>
42 #include <asm/mmzone.h>
43 #include <asm/sections.h>
44 #include <asm/setup.h>
45 #include <asm/smp-ops.h>
47 #include <asm/fw/fw.h>
49 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB
50 char __section(".appended_dtb") __appended_dtb[0x100000];
51 #endif /* CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB */
53 struct cpuinfo_mips cpu_data[NR_CPUS] __read_mostly;
55 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_data);
58 struct screen_info screen_info;
64 * These are initialized so they are in the .data section
66 unsigned long mips_machtype __read_mostly = MACH_UNKNOWN;
68 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_machtype);
70 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
71 char __initdata arcs_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
73 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
74 static const char builtin_cmdline[] __initconst = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
76 static const char builtin_cmdline[] __initconst = "";
80 * mips_io_port_base is the begin of the address space to which x86 style
81 * I/O ports are mapped.
83 unsigned long mips_io_port_base = -1;
84 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_io_port_base);
86 static struct resource code_resource = { .name = "Kernel code", };
87 static struct resource data_resource = { .name = "Kernel data", };
88 static struct resource bss_resource = { .name = "Kernel bss", };
90 unsigned long __kaslr_offset __ro_after_init;
91 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kaslr_offset);
93 static void *detect_magic __initdata = detect_memory_region;
95 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
96 unsigned long ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
97 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
100 void __init detect_memory_region(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t sz_min, phys_addr_t sz_max)
102 void *dm = &detect_magic;
105 for (size = sz_min; size < sz_max; size <<= 1) {
106 if (!memcmp(dm, dm + size, sizeof(detect_magic)))
110 pr_debug("Memory: %lluMB of RAM detected at 0x%llx (min: %lluMB, max: %lluMB)\n",
111 ((unsigned long long) size) / SZ_1M,
112 (unsigned long long) start,
113 ((unsigned long long) sz_min) / SZ_1M,
114 ((unsigned long long) sz_max) / SZ_1M);
116 memblock_add(start, size);
122 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
124 static int __init rd_start_early(char *p)
126 unsigned long start = memparse(p, &p);
129 /* Guess if the sign extension was forgotten by bootloader */
133 initrd_start = start;
137 early_param("rd_start", rd_start_early);
139 static int __init rd_size_early(char *p)
141 initrd_end += memparse(p, &p);
144 early_param("rd_size", rd_size_early);
146 /* it returns the next free pfn after initrd */
147 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
152 * Board specific code or command line parser should have
153 * already set up initrd_start and initrd_end. In these cases
154 * perfom sanity checks and use them if all looks good.
156 if (!initrd_start || initrd_end <= initrd_start)
159 if (initrd_start & ~PAGE_MASK) {
160 pr_err("initrd start must be page aligned\n");
165 * Sanitize initrd addresses. For example firmware
166 * can't guess if they need to pass them through
167 * 64-bits values if the kernel has been built in pure
168 * 32-bit. We need also to switch from KSEG0 to XKPHYS
169 * addresses now, so the code can now safely use __pa().
171 end = __pa(initrd_end);
172 initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
173 initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(__pa(initrd_start));
175 if (initrd_start < PAGE_OFFSET) {
176 pr_err("initrd start < PAGE_OFFSET\n");
180 ROOT_DEV = Root_RAM0;
188 /* In some conditions (e.g. big endian bootloader with a little endian
189 kernel), the initrd might appear byte swapped. Try to detect this and
190 byte swap it if needed. */
191 static void __init maybe_bswap_initrd(void)
193 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_CAVIUM_OCTEON)
196 /* Check for CPIO signature */
197 if (!memcmp((void *)initrd_start, "070701", 6))
200 /* Check for compressed initrd */
201 if (decompress_method((unsigned char *)initrd_start, 8, NULL))
204 /* Try again with a byte swapped header */
205 buf = swab64p((u64 *)initrd_start);
206 if (!memcmp(&buf, "070701", 6) ||
207 decompress_method((unsigned char *)(&buf), 8, NULL)) {
210 pr_info("Byteswapped initrd detected\n");
211 for (i = initrd_start; i < ALIGN(initrd_end, 8); i += 8)
217 static void __init finalize_initrd(void)
219 unsigned long size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
222 printk(KERN_INFO "Initrd not found or empty");
225 if (__pa(initrd_end) > PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)) {
226 printk(KERN_ERR "Initrd extends beyond end of memory");
230 maybe_bswap_initrd();
232 memblock_reserve(__pa(initrd_start), size);
233 initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
235 pr_info("Initial ramdisk at: 0x%lx (%lu bytes)\n",
239 printk(KERN_CONT " - disabling initrd\n");
244 #else /* !CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
246 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
251 #define finalize_initrd() do {} while (0)
256 * Initialize the bootmem allocator. It also setup initrd related data
259 #if defined(CONFIG_SGI_IP27) || (defined(CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON64) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA))
261 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
267 #else /* !CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
269 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
271 phys_addr_t ramstart, ramend;
272 unsigned long start, end;
275 ramstart = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
276 ramend = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
279 * Sanity check any INITRD first. We don't take it into account
280 * for bootmem setup initially, rely on the end-of-kernel-code
281 * as our memory range starting point. Once bootmem is inited we
282 * will reserve the area used for the initrd.
286 /* Reserve memory occupied by kernel. */
287 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&_text),
288 __pa_symbol(&_end) - __pa_symbol(&_text));
290 /* max_low_pfn is not a number of pages but the end pfn of low mem */
292 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
293 ARCH_PFN_OFFSET = PFN_UP(ramstart);
296 * Reserve any memory between the start of RAM and PHYS_OFFSET
298 if (ramstart > PHYS_OFFSET)
299 memblock_reserve(PHYS_OFFSET, ramstart - PHYS_OFFSET);
301 if (PFN_UP(ramstart) > ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) {
302 pr_info("Wasting %lu bytes for tracking %lu unused pages\n",
303 (unsigned long)((PFN_UP(ramstart) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) * sizeof(struct page)),
304 (unsigned long)(PFN_UP(ramstart) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET));
308 min_low_pfn = ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
309 max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(ramend);
310 for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start, &end, NULL) {
312 * Skip highmem here so we get an accurate max_low_pfn if low
313 * memory stops short of high memory.
314 * If the region overlaps HIGHMEM_START, end is clipped so
315 * max_pfn excludes the highmem portion.
317 if (start >= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START))
319 if (end > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START))
320 end = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
321 if (end > max_low_pfn)
325 if (min_low_pfn >= max_low_pfn)
326 panic("Incorrect memory mapping !!!");
328 if (max_pfn > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START)) {
329 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
330 highstart_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
331 highend_pfn = max_pfn;
333 max_low_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
334 max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
339 * Reserve initrd memory if needed.
344 #endif /* CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
346 static int usermem __initdata;
348 static int __init early_parse_mem(char *p)
350 phys_addr_t start, size;
353 pr_err("mem parameter is empty, do nothing\n");
358 * If a user specifies memory size, we
359 * blow away any automatically generated
364 memblock_remove(memblock_start_of_DRAM(),
365 memblock_end_of_DRAM() - memblock_start_of_DRAM());
368 size = memparse(p, &p);
370 start = memparse(p + 1, &p);
372 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NUMA))
373 memblock_add_node(start, size, pa_to_nid(start), MEMBLOCK_NONE);
375 memblock_add(start, size);
379 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem);
381 static int __init early_parse_memmap(char *p)
384 u64 start_at, mem_size;
389 if (!strncmp(p, "exactmap", 8)) {
390 pr_err("\"memmap=exactmap\" invalid on MIPS\n");
395 mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
400 start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
401 memblock_add(start_at, mem_size);
402 } else if (*p == '#') {
403 pr_err("\"memmap=nn#ss\" (force ACPI data) invalid on MIPS\n");
405 } else if (*p == '$') {
406 start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
407 memblock_add(start_at, mem_size);
408 memblock_reserve(start_at, mem_size);
410 pr_err("\"memmap\" invalid format!\n");
420 early_param("memmap", early_parse_memmap);
422 static void __init mips_reserve_vmcore(void)
424 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
425 phys_addr_t start, end;
428 if (!elfcorehdr_size) {
429 for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
430 if (elfcorehdr_addr >= start && elfcorehdr_addr < end) {
432 * Reserve from the elf core header to the end of
433 * the memory segment, that should all be kdump
436 elfcorehdr_size = end - elfcorehdr_addr;
442 pr_info("Reserving %ldKB of memory at %ldKB for kdump\n",
443 (unsigned long)elfcorehdr_size >> 10, (unsigned long)elfcorehdr_addr >> 10);
445 memblock_reserve(elfcorehdr_addr, elfcorehdr_size);
451 /* 64M alignment for crash kernel regions */
452 #define CRASH_ALIGN SZ_64M
453 #define CRASH_ADDR_MAX SZ_512M
455 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
457 unsigned long long total_mem;
458 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
461 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
462 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
463 &crash_size, &crash_base);
464 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
467 if (crash_base <= 0) {
468 crash_base = memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size, CRASH_ALIGN,
472 pr_warn("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
476 unsigned long long start;
478 start = memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size, 1,
480 crash_base + crash_size);
481 if (start != crash_base) {
482 pr_warn("Invalid memory region reserved for crash kernel\n");
487 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
488 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
491 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
495 if (crashk_res.start == crashk_res.end)
498 ret = request_resource(res, &crashk_res);
500 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel\n",
501 (unsigned long)(resource_size(&crashk_res) >> 20),
502 (unsigned long)(crashk_res.start >> 20));
504 #else /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
505 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
509 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
512 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
514 static void __init check_kernel_sections_mem(void)
516 phys_addr_t start = __pa_symbol(&_text);
517 phys_addr_t size = __pa_symbol(&_end) - start;
519 if (!memblock_is_region_memory(start, size)) {
520 pr_info("Kernel sections are not in the memory maps\n");
521 memblock_add(start, size);
525 static void __init bootcmdline_append(const char *s, size_t max)
530 if (boot_command_line[0])
531 strlcat(boot_command_line, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
533 strlcat(boot_command_line, s, max);
536 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
538 static int __init bootcmdline_scan_chosen(unsigned long node, const char *uname,
539 int depth, void *data)
541 bool *dt_bootargs = data;
545 if (depth != 1 || !data ||
546 (strcmp(uname, "chosen") != 0 && strcmp(uname, "chosen@0") != 0))
549 p = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "bootargs", &l);
550 if (p != NULL && l > 0) {
551 bootcmdline_append(p, min(l, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE));
558 #endif /* CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE */
560 static void __init bootcmdline_init(void)
562 bool dt_bootargs = false;
565 * If CMDLINE_OVERRIDE is enabled then initializing the command line is
566 * trivial - we simply use the built-in command line unconditionally &
569 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE)) {
570 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
575 * If the user specified a built-in command line &
576 * MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND, then the built-in command line is
577 * prepended to arguments from the bootloader or DT so we'll copy them
578 * to the start of boot_command_line here. Otherwise, empty
579 * boot_command_line to undo anything early_init_dt_scan_chosen() did.
581 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND))
582 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
584 boot_command_line[0] = 0;
586 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
588 * If we're configured to take boot arguments from DT, look for those
591 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_DTB) ||
592 IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND))
593 of_scan_flat_dt(bootcmdline_scan_chosen, &dt_bootargs);
597 * If we didn't get any arguments from DT (regardless of whether that's
598 * because we weren't configured to look for them, or because we looked
599 * & found none) then we'll take arguments from the bootloader.
600 * plat_mem_setup() should have filled arcs_cmdline with arguments from
603 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND) || !dt_bootargs)
604 bootcmdline_append(arcs_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
607 * If the user specified a built-in command line & we didn't already
608 * prepend it, we append it to boot_command_line here.
610 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL) &&
611 !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND))
612 bootcmdline_append(builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
616 * arch_mem_init - initialize memory management subsystem
618 * o plat_mem_setup() detects the memory configuration and will record detected
619 * memory areas using memblock_add.
621 * At this stage the memory configuration of the system is known to the
622 * kernel but generic memory management system is still entirely uninitialized.
627 * o dma_contiguous_reserve()
629 * At this stage the bootmem allocator is ready to use.
631 * NOTE: historically plat_mem_setup did the entire platform initialization.
632 * This was rather impractical because it meant plat_mem_setup had to
633 * get away without any kind of memory allocator. To keep old code from
634 * breaking plat_setup was just renamed to plat_mem_setup and a second platform
635 * initialization hook for anything else was introduced.
637 static void __init arch_mem_init(char **cmdline_p)
639 /* call board setup routine */
641 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
644 strscpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
645 *cmdline_p = command_line;
650 pr_info("User-defined physical RAM map overwrite\n");
652 check_kernel_sections_mem();
654 early_init_fdt_reserve_self();
655 early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
658 memblock_set_node(0, PHYS_ADDR_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
663 * Prevent memblock from allocating high memory.
664 * This cannot be done before max_low_pfn is detected, so up
665 * to this point is possible to only reserve physical memory
666 * with memblock_reserve; memblock_alloc* can be used
667 * only after this point
669 memblock_set_current_limit(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
671 mips_reserve_vmcore();
673 mips_parse_crashkernel();
677 * In order to reduce the possibility of kernel panic when failed to
678 * get IO TLB memory under CONFIG_SWIOTLB, it is better to allocate
679 * low memory as small as possible before plat_swiotlb_setup(), so
680 * make sparse_init() using top-down allocation.
682 memblock_set_bottom_up(false);
684 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
686 plat_swiotlb_setup();
688 dma_contiguous_reserve(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
690 /* Reserve for hibernation. */
691 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin),
692 __pa_symbol(&__nosave_end) - __pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin));
694 early_memtest(PFN_PHYS(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET), PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
697 static void __init resource_init(void)
699 phys_addr_t start, end;
702 if (UNCAC_BASE != IO_BASE)
705 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_text);
706 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_etext) - 1;
707 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_etext);
708 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_edata) - 1;
709 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&__bss_start);
710 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&__bss_stop) - 1;
712 for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
713 struct resource *res;
715 res = memblock_alloc(sizeof(struct resource), SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
717 panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__,
718 sizeof(struct resource));
722 * In memblock, end points to the first byte after the
723 * range while in resourses, end points to the last byte in
727 res->flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
728 res->name = "System RAM";
730 request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
733 * We don't know which RAM region contains kernel data,
734 * so we try it repeatedly and let the resource manager
737 request_resource(res, &code_resource);
738 request_resource(res, &data_resource);
739 request_resource(res, &bss_resource);
740 request_crashkernel(res);
745 static void __init prefill_possible_map(void)
747 int i, possible = num_possible_cpus();
749 if (possible > nr_cpu_ids)
750 possible = nr_cpu_ids;
752 for (i = 0; i < possible; i++)
753 set_cpu_possible(i, true);
754 for (; i < NR_CPUS; i++)
755 set_cpu_possible(i, false);
757 set_nr_cpu_ids(possible);
760 static inline void prefill_possible_map(void) {}
763 static void __init setup_rng_seed(void)
765 char *rng_seed_hex = fw_getenv("rngseed");
772 len = min(sizeof(rng_seed), strlen(rng_seed_hex) / 2);
773 if (hex2bin(rng_seed, rng_seed_hex, len))
776 add_bootloader_randomness(rng_seed, len);
777 memzero_explicit(rng_seed, len);
778 memzero_explicit(rng_seed_hex, len * 2);
781 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
787 setup_early_fdc_console();
788 #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
789 setup_early_printk();
792 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))
793 check_bugs64_early();
795 #if defined(CONFIG_VT)
796 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
797 conswitchp = &vga_con;
801 arch_mem_init(cmdline_p);
806 prefill_possible_map();
816 unsigned long kernelsp[NR_CPUS];
817 unsigned long fw_arg0, fw_arg1, fw_arg2, fw_arg3;
819 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
820 struct dentry *mips_debugfs_dir;
821 static int __init debugfs_mips(void)
823 mips_debugfs_dir = debugfs_create_dir("mips", NULL);
826 arch_initcall(debugfs_mips);
829 #ifdef CONFIG_DMA_NONCOHERENT
830 static int __init setcoherentio(char *str)
832 dma_default_coherent = true;
833 pr_info("Hardware DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
836 early_param("coherentio", setcoherentio);
838 static int __init setnocoherentio(char *str)
840 dma_default_coherent = false;
841 pr_info("Software DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
844 early_param("nocoherentio", setnocoherentio);
847 void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
849 unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
851 cpu_data[cpu].udelay_val = loops_per_jiffy;
854 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))