1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
5 * Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
8 * Derived from original vfio:
9 * Copyright 2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
13 #include <linux/cdev.h>
14 #include <linux/compat.h>
15 #include <linux/device.h>
16 #include <linux/file.h>
17 #include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
19 #include <linux/idr.h>
20 #include <linux/iommu.h>
21 #include <linux/list.h>
22 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
23 #include <linux/module.h>
24 #include <linux/mutex.h>
25 #include <linux/pci.h>
26 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
27 #include <linux/sched.h>
28 #include <linux/slab.h>
29 #include <linux/stat.h>
30 #include <linux/string.h>
31 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
32 #include <linux/vfio.h>
33 #include <linux/wait.h>
34 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
36 #define DRIVER_VERSION "0.3"
38 #define DRIVER_DESC "VFIO - User Level meta-driver"
42 struct list_head iommu_drivers_list;
43 struct mutex iommu_drivers_lock;
44 struct list_head group_list;
46 struct mutex group_lock;
47 struct cdev group_cdev;
51 struct vfio_iommu_driver {
52 const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops;
53 struct list_head vfio_next;
56 struct vfio_container {
58 struct list_head group_list;
59 struct rw_semaphore group_lock;
60 struct vfio_iommu_driver *iommu_driver;
65 struct vfio_unbound_dev {
67 struct list_head unbound_next;
73 atomic_t container_users;
74 struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
75 struct vfio_container *container;
76 struct list_head device_list;
77 struct mutex device_lock;
79 struct notifier_block nb;
80 struct list_head vfio_next;
81 struct list_head container_next;
82 struct list_head unbound_list;
83 struct mutex unbound_lock;
85 wait_queue_head_t container_q;
87 unsigned int dev_counter;
89 struct blocking_notifier_head notifier;
92 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
93 static bool noiommu __read_mostly;
94 module_param_named(enable_unsafe_noiommu_mode,
95 noiommu, bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
96 MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable_unsafe_noiommu_mode, "Enable UNSAFE, no-IOMMU mode. This mode provides no device isolation, no DMA translation, no host kernel protection, cannot be used for device assignment to virtual machines, requires RAWIO permissions, and will taint the kernel. If you do not know what this is for, step away. (default: false)");
100 * vfio_iommu_group_{get,put} are only intended for VFIO bus driver probe
101 * and remove functions, any use cases other than acquiring the first
102 * reference for the purpose of calling vfio_register_group_dev() or removing
103 * that symmetric reference after vfio_unregister_group_dev() should use the raw
104 * iommu_group_{get,put} functions. In particular, vfio_iommu_group_put()
105 * removes the device from the dummy group and cannot be nested.
107 struct iommu_group *vfio_iommu_group_get(struct device *dev)
109 struct iommu_group *group;
110 int __maybe_unused ret;
112 group = iommu_group_get(dev);
114 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
116 * With noiommu enabled, an IOMMU group will be created for a device
117 * that doesn't already have one and doesn't have an iommu_ops on their
118 * bus. We set iommudata simply to be able to identify these groups
119 * as special use and for reclamation later.
121 if (group || !noiommu || iommu_present(dev->bus))
124 group = iommu_group_alloc();
128 iommu_group_set_name(group, "vfio-noiommu");
129 iommu_group_set_iommudata(group, &noiommu, NULL);
130 ret = iommu_group_add_device(group, dev);
132 iommu_group_put(group);
137 * Where to taint? At this point we've added an IOMMU group for a
138 * device that is not backed by iommu_ops, therefore any iommu_
139 * callback using iommu_ops can legitimately Oops. So, while we may
140 * be about to give a DMA capable device to a user without IOMMU
141 * protection, which is clearly taint-worthy, let's go ahead and do
144 add_taint(TAINT_USER, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
145 dev_warn(dev, "Adding kernel taint for vfio-noiommu group on device\n");
150 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_iommu_group_get);
152 void vfio_iommu_group_put(struct iommu_group *group, struct device *dev)
154 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
155 if (iommu_group_get_iommudata(group) == &noiommu)
156 iommu_group_remove_device(dev);
159 iommu_group_put(group);
161 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_iommu_group_put);
163 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
164 static void *vfio_noiommu_open(unsigned long arg)
166 if (arg != VFIO_NOIOMMU_IOMMU)
167 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
168 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
169 return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
174 static void vfio_noiommu_release(void *iommu_data)
178 static long vfio_noiommu_ioctl(void *iommu_data,
179 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
181 if (cmd == VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION)
182 return noiommu && (arg == VFIO_NOIOMMU_IOMMU) ? 1 : 0;
187 static int vfio_noiommu_attach_group(void *iommu_data,
188 struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
190 return iommu_group_get_iommudata(iommu_group) == &noiommu ? 0 : -EINVAL;
193 static void vfio_noiommu_detach_group(void *iommu_data,
194 struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
198 static const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops vfio_noiommu_ops = {
199 .name = "vfio-noiommu",
200 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
201 .open = vfio_noiommu_open,
202 .release = vfio_noiommu_release,
203 .ioctl = vfio_noiommu_ioctl,
204 .attach_group = vfio_noiommu_attach_group,
205 .detach_group = vfio_noiommu_detach_group,
211 * IOMMU driver registration
213 int vfio_register_iommu_driver(const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops)
215 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver, *tmp;
217 driver = kzalloc(sizeof(*driver), GFP_KERNEL);
223 mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
225 /* Check for duplicates */
226 list_for_each_entry(tmp, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
227 if (tmp->ops == ops) {
228 mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
234 list_add(&driver->vfio_next, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list);
236 mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
240 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_register_iommu_driver);
242 void vfio_unregister_iommu_driver(const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops)
244 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
246 mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
247 list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
248 if (driver->ops == ops) {
249 list_del(&driver->vfio_next);
250 mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
255 mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
257 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_unregister_iommu_driver);
260 * Group minor allocation/free - both called with vfio.group_lock held
262 static int vfio_alloc_group_minor(struct vfio_group *group)
264 return idr_alloc(&vfio.group_idr, group, 0, MINORMASK + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
267 static void vfio_free_group_minor(int minor)
269 idr_remove(&vfio.group_idr, minor);
272 static int vfio_iommu_group_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
273 unsigned long action, void *data);
274 static void vfio_group_get(struct vfio_group *group);
277 * Container objects - containers are created when /dev/vfio/vfio is
278 * opened, but their lifecycle extends until the last user is done, so
279 * it's freed via kref. Must support container/group/device being
280 * closed in any order.
282 static void vfio_container_get(struct vfio_container *container)
284 kref_get(&container->kref);
287 static void vfio_container_release(struct kref *kref)
289 struct vfio_container *container;
290 container = container_of(kref, struct vfio_container, kref);
295 static void vfio_container_put(struct vfio_container *container)
297 kref_put(&container->kref, vfio_container_release);
300 static void vfio_group_unlock_and_free(struct vfio_group *group)
302 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
304 * Unregister outside of lock. A spurious callback is harmless now
305 * that the group is no longer in vfio.group_list.
307 iommu_group_unregister_notifier(group->iommu_group, &group->nb);
312 * Group objects - create, release, get, put, search
314 static struct vfio_group *vfio_create_group(struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
316 struct vfio_group *group, *tmp;
320 group = kzalloc(sizeof(*group), GFP_KERNEL);
322 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
324 kref_init(&group->kref);
325 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&group->device_list);
326 mutex_init(&group->device_lock);
327 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&group->unbound_list);
328 mutex_init(&group->unbound_lock);
329 atomic_set(&group->container_users, 0);
330 atomic_set(&group->opened, 0);
331 init_waitqueue_head(&group->container_q);
332 group->iommu_group = iommu_group;
333 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
334 group->noiommu = (iommu_group_get_iommudata(iommu_group) == &noiommu);
336 BLOCKING_INIT_NOTIFIER_HEAD(&group->notifier);
338 group->nb.notifier_call = vfio_iommu_group_notifier;
341 * blocking notifiers acquire a rwsem around registering and hold
342 * it around callback. Therefore, need to register outside of
343 * vfio.group_lock to avoid A-B/B-A contention. Our callback won't
344 * do anything unless it can find the group in vfio.group_list, so
345 * no harm in registering early.
347 ret = iommu_group_register_notifier(iommu_group, &group->nb);
353 mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
355 /* Did we race creating this group? */
356 list_for_each_entry(tmp, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
357 if (tmp->iommu_group == iommu_group) {
359 vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
364 minor = vfio_alloc_group_minor(group);
366 vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
367 return ERR_PTR(minor);
370 dev = device_create(vfio.class, NULL,
371 MKDEV(MAJOR(vfio.group_devt), minor),
372 group, "%s%d", group->noiommu ? "noiommu-" : "",
373 iommu_group_id(iommu_group));
375 vfio_free_group_minor(minor);
376 vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
377 return ERR_CAST(dev);
380 group->minor = minor;
383 list_add(&group->vfio_next, &vfio.group_list);
385 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
390 /* called with vfio.group_lock held */
391 static void vfio_group_release(struct kref *kref)
393 struct vfio_group *group = container_of(kref, struct vfio_group, kref);
394 struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound, *tmp;
395 struct iommu_group *iommu_group = group->iommu_group;
397 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&group->device_list));
398 WARN_ON(group->notifier.head);
400 list_for_each_entry_safe(unbound, tmp,
401 &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
402 list_del(&unbound->unbound_next);
406 device_destroy(vfio.class, MKDEV(MAJOR(vfio.group_devt), group->minor));
407 list_del(&group->vfio_next);
408 vfio_free_group_minor(group->minor);
409 vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
410 iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
413 static void vfio_group_put(struct vfio_group *group)
415 kref_put_mutex(&group->kref, vfio_group_release, &vfio.group_lock);
418 struct vfio_group_put_work {
419 struct work_struct work;
420 struct vfio_group *group;
423 static void vfio_group_put_bg(struct work_struct *work)
425 struct vfio_group_put_work *do_work;
427 do_work = container_of(work, struct vfio_group_put_work, work);
429 vfio_group_put(do_work->group);
433 static void vfio_group_schedule_put(struct vfio_group *group)
435 struct vfio_group_put_work *do_work;
437 do_work = kmalloc(sizeof(*do_work), GFP_KERNEL);
438 if (WARN_ON(!do_work))
441 INIT_WORK(&do_work->work, vfio_group_put_bg);
442 do_work->group = group;
443 schedule_work(&do_work->work);
446 /* Assume group_lock or group reference is held */
447 static void vfio_group_get(struct vfio_group *group)
449 kref_get(&group->kref);
453 * Not really a try as we will sleep for mutex, but we need to make
454 * sure the group pointer is valid under lock and get a reference.
456 static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_try_get(struct vfio_group *group)
458 struct vfio_group *target = group;
460 mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
461 list_for_each_entry(group, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
462 if (group == target) {
463 vfio_group_get(group);
464 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
468 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
474 struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_iommu(struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
476 struct vfio_group *group;
478 mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
479 list_for_each_entry(group, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
480 if (group->iommu_group == iommu_group) {
481 vfio_group_get(group);
482 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
486 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
491 static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_minor(int minor)
493 struct vfio_group *group;
495 mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
496 group = idr_find(&vfio.group_idr, minor);
498 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
501 vfio_group_get(group);
502 mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
507 static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_dev(struct device *dev)
509 struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
510 struct vfio_group *group;
512 iommu_group = iommu_group_get(dev);
516 group = vfio_group_get_from_iommu(iommu_group);
517 iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
523 * Device objects - create, release, get, put, search
525 /* Device reference always implies a group reference */
526 void vfio_device_put(struct vfio_device *device)
528 if (refcount_dec_and_test(&device->refcount))
529 complete(&device->comp);
531 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_put);
533 static bool vfio_device_try_get(struct vfio_device *device)
535 return refcount_inc_not_zero(&device->refcount);
538 static struct vfio_device *vfio_group_get_device(struct vfio_group *group,
541 struct vfio_device *device;
543 mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
544 list_for_each_entry(device, &group->device_list, group_next) {
545 if (device->dev == dev && vfio_device_try_get(device)) {
546 mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
550 mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
555 * Some drivers, like pci-stub, are only used to prevent other drivers from
556 * claiming a device and are therefore perfectly legitimate for a user owned
557 * group. The pci-stub driver has no dependencies on DMA or the IOVA mapping
558 * of the device, but it does prevent the user from having direct access to
559 * the device, which is useful in some circumstances.
561 * We also assume that we can include PCI interconnect devices, ie. bridges.
562 * IOMMU grouping on PCI necessitates that if we lack isolation on a bridge
563 * then all of the downstream devices will be part of the same IOMMU group as
564 * the bridge. Thus, if placing the bridge into the user owned IOVA space
565 * breaks anything, it only does so for user owned devices downstream. Note
566 * that error notification via MSI can be affected for platforms that handle
567 * MSI within the same IOVA space as DMA.
569 static const char * const vfio_driver_allowed[] = { "pci-stub" };
571 static bool vfio_dev_driver_allowed(struct device *dev,
572 struct device_driver *drv)
574 if (dev_is_pci(dev)) {
575 struct pci_dev *pdev = to_pci_dev(dev);
577 if (pdev->hdr_type != PCI_HEADER_TYPE_NORMAL)
581 return match_string(vfio_driver_allowed,
582 ARRAY_SIZE(vfio_driver_allowed),
587 * A vfio group is viable for use by userspace if all devices are in
588 * one of the following states:
590 * - bound to a vfio driver
591 * - bound to an otherwise allowed driver
592 * - a PCI interconnect device
594 * We use two methods to determine whether a device is bound to a vfio
595 * driver. The first is to test whether the device exists in the vfio
596 * group. The second is to test if the device exists on the group
597 * unbound_list, indicating it's in the middle of transitioning from
598 * a vfio driver to driver-less.
600 static int vfio_dev_viable(struct device *dev, void *data)
602 struct vfio_group *group = data;
603 struct vfio_device *device;
604 struct device_driver *drv = READ_ONCE(dev->driver);
605 struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
608 mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
609 list_for_each_entry(unbound, &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
610 if (dev == unbound->dev) {
615 mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
617 if (!ret || !drv || vfio_dev_driver_allowed(dev, drv))
620 device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
622 vfio_device_put(device);
630 * Async device support
632 static int vfio_group_nb_add_dev(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
634 struct vfio_device *device;
636 /* Do we already know about it? We shouldn't */
637 device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
638 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(device)) {
639 vfio_device_put(device);
643 /* Nothing to do for idle groups */
644 if (!atomic_read(&group->container_users))
647 /* TODO Prevent device auto probing */
648 dev_WARN(dev, "Device added to live group %d!\n",
649 iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
654 static int vfio_group_nb_verify(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
656 /* We don't care what happens when the group isn't in use */
657 if (!atomic_read(&group->container_users))
660 return vfio_dev_viable(dev, group);
663 static int vfio_iommu_group_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
664 unsigned long action, void *data)
666 struct vfio_group *group = container_of(nb, struct vfio_group, nb);
667 struct device *dev = data;
668 struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
671 * Need to go through a group_lock lookup to get a reference or we
672 * risk racing a group being removed. Ignore spurious notifies.
674 group = vfio_group_try_get(group);
679 case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE:
680 vfio_group_nb_add_dev(group, dev);
682 case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_DEL_DEVICE:
684 * Nothing to do here. If the device is in use, then the
685 * vfio sub-driver should block the remove callback until
686 * it is unused. If the device is unused or attached to a
687 * stub driver, then it should be released and we don't
688 * care that it will be going away.
691 case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER:
692 dev_dbg(dev, "%s: group %d binding to driver\n", __func__,
693 iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
695 case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER:
696 dev_dbg(dev, "%s: group %d bound to driver %s\n", __func__,
697 iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group), dev->driver->name);
698 BUG_ON(vfio_group_nb_verify(group, dev));
700 case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER:
701 dev_dbg(dev, "%s: group %d unbinding from driver %s\n",
702 __func__, iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group),
705 case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER:
706 dev_dbg(dev, "%s: group %d unbound from driver\n", __func__,
707 iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
709 * XXX An unbound device in a live group is ok, but we'd
710 * really like to avoid the above BUG_ON by preventing other
711 * drivers from binding to it. Once that occurs, we have to
712 * stop the system to maintain isolation. At a minimum, we'd
713 * want a toggle to disable driver auto probe for this device.
716 mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
717 list_for_each_entry(unbound,
718 &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
719 if (dev == unbound->dev) {
720 list_del(&unbound->unbound_next);
725 mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
730 * If we're the last reference to the group, the group will be
731 * released, which includes unregistering the iommu group notifier.
732 * We hold a read-lock on that notifier list, unregistering needs
733 * a write-lock... deadlock. Release our reference asynchronously
734 * to avoid that situation.
736 vfio_group_schedule_put(group);
743 void vfio_init_group_dev(struct vfio_device *device, struct device *dev,
744 const struct vfio_device_ops *ops)
746 init_completion(&device->comp);
750 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_init_group_dev);
752 int vfio_register_group_dev(struct vfio_device *device)
754 struct vfio_device *existing_device;
755 struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
756 struct vfio_group *group;
758 iommu_group = iommu_group_get(device->dev);
762 group = vfio_group_get_from_iommu(iommu_group);
764 group = vfio_create_group(iommu_group);
766 iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
767 return PTR_ERR(group);
771 * A found vfio_group already holds a reference to the
772 * iommu_group. A created vfio_group keeps the reference.
774 iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
777 existing_device = vfio_group_get_device(group, device->dev);
778 if (existing_device) {
779 dev_WARN(device->dev, "Device already exists on group %d\n",
780 iommu_group_id(iommu_group));
781 vfio_device_put(existing_device);
782 vfio_group_put(group);
786 /* Our reference on group is moved to the device */
787 device->group = group;
789 /* Refcounting can't start until the driver calls register */
790 refcount_set(&device->refcount, 1);
792 mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
793 list_add(&device->group_next, &group->device_list);
794 group->dev_counter++;
795 mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
799 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_register_group_dev);
802 * Get a reference to the vfio_device for a device. Even if the
803 * caller thinks they own the device, they could be racing with a
804 * release call path, so we can't trust drvdata for the shortcut.
805 * Go the long way around, from the iommu_group to the vfio_group
806 * to the vfio_device.
808 struct vfio_device *vfio_device_get_from_dev(struct device *dev)
810 struct vfio_group *group;
811 struct vfio_device *device;
813 group = vfio_group_get_from_dev(dev);
817 device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
818 vfio_group_put(group);
822 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_get_from_dev);
824 static struct vfio_device *vfio_device_get_from_name(struct vfio_group *group,
827 struct vfio_device *it, *device = ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
829 mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
830 list_for_each_entry(it, &group->device_list, group_next) {
833 if (it->ops->match) {
834 ret = it->ops->match(it, buf);
836 device = ERR_PTR(ret);
840 ret = !strcmp(dev_name(it->dev), buf);
843 if (ret && vfio_device_try_get(it)) {
848 mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
854 * Decrement the device reference count and wait for the device to be
855 * removed. Open file descriptors for the device... */
856 void vfio_unregister_group_dev(struct vfio_device *device)
858 struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
859 struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
861 bool interrupted = false;
865 * When the device is removed from the group, the group suddenly
866 * becomes non-viable; the device has a driver (until the unbind
867 * completes), but it's not present in the group. This is bad news
868 * for any external users that need to re-acquire a group reference
869 * in order to match and release their existing reference. To
870 * solve this, we track such devices on the unbound_list to bridge
871 * the gap until they're fully unbound.
873 unbound = kzalloc(sizeof(*unbound), GFP_KERNEL);
875 unbound->dev = device->dev;
876 mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
877 list_add(&unbound->unbound_next, &group->unbound_list);
878 mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
882 vfio_device_put(device);
883 rc = try_wait_for_completion(&device->comp);
885 if (device->ops->request)
886 device->ops->request(device, i++);
889 rc = wait_for_completion_timeout(&device->comp,
892 rc = wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(
893 &device->comp, HZ * 10);
896 dev_warn(device->dev,
897 "Device is currently in use, task"
899 "blocked until device is released",
900 current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
905 mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
906 list_del(&device->group_next);
907 group->dev_counter--;
908 mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
911 * In order to support multiple devices per group, devices can be
912 * plucked from the group while other devices in the group are still
913 * in use. The container persists with this group and those remaining
914 * devices still attached. If the user creates an isolation violation
915 * by binding this device to another driver while the group is still in
916 * use, that's their fault. However, in the case of removing the last,
917 * or potentially the only, device in the group there can be no other
918 * in-use devices in the group. The user has done their due diligence
919 * and we should lay no claims to those devices. In order to do that,
920 * we need to make sure the group is detached from the container.
921 * Without this stall, we're potentially racing with a user process
922 * that may attempt to immediately bind this device to another driver.
924 if (list_empty(&group->device_list))
925 wait_event(group->container_q, !group->container);
927 /* Matches the get in vfio_register_group_dev() */
928 vfio_group_put(group);
930 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_unregister_group_dev);
933 * VFIO base fd, /dev/vfio/vfio
935 static long vfio_ioctl_check_extension(struct vfio_container *container,
938 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
941 down_read(&container->group_lock);
943 driver = container->iommu_driver;
946 /* No base extensions yet */
949 * If no driver is set, poll all registered drivers for
950 * extensions and return the first positive result. If
951 * a driver is already set, further queries will be passed
952 * only to that driver.
955 mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
956 list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list,
959 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
960 if (!list_empty(&container->group_list) &&
961 (container->noiommu !=
962 (driver->ops == &vfio_noiommu_ops)))
966 if (!try_module_get(driver->ops->owner))
969 ret = driver->ops->ioctl(NULL,
970 VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION,
972 module_put(driver->ops->owner);
976 mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
978 ret = driver->ops->ioctl(container->iommu_data,
979 VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, arg);
982 up_read(&container->group_lock);
987 /* hold write lock on container->group_lock */
988 static int __vfio_container_attach_groups(struct vfio_container *container,
989 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver,
992 struct vfio_group *group;
995 list_for_each_entry(group, &container->group_list, container_next) {
996 ret = driver->ops->attach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
1004 list_for_each_entry_continue_reverse(group, &container->group_list,
1006 driver->ops->detach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
1012 static long vfio_ioctl_set_iommu(struct vfio_container *container,
1015 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1018 down_write(&container->group_lock);
1021 * The container is designed to be an unprivileged interface while
1022 * the group can be assigned to specific users. Therefore, only by
1023 * adding a group to a container does the user get the privilege of
1024 * enabling the iommu, which may allocate finite resources. There
1025 * is no unset_iommu, but by removing all the groups from a container,
1026 * the container is deprivileged and returns to an unset state.
1028 if (list_empty(&container->group_list) || container->iommu_driver) {
1029 up_write(&container->group_lock);
1033 mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
1034 list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
1037 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
1039 * Only noiommu containers can use vfio-noiommu and noiommu
1040 * containers can only use vfio-noiommu.
1042 if (container->noiommu != (driver->ops == &vfio_noiommu_ops))
1046 if (!try_module_get(driver->ops->owner))
1050 * The arg magic for SET_IOMMU is the same as CHECK_EXTENSION,
1051 * so test which iommu driver reported support for this
1052 * extension and call open on them. We also pass them the
1053 * magic, allowing a single driver to support multiple
1054 * interfaces if they'd like.
1056 if (driver->ops->ioctl(NULL, VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, arg) <= 0) {
1057 module_put(driver->ops->owner);
1061 data = driver->ops->open(arg);
1063 ret = PTR_ERR(data);
1064 module_put(driver->ops->owner);
1068 ret = __vfio_container_attach_groups(container, driver, data);
1070 driver->ops->release(data);
1071 module_put(driver->ops->owner);
1075 container->iommu_driver = driver;
1076 container->iommu_data = data;
1080 mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
1081 up_write(&container->group_lock);
1086 static long vfio_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
1087 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
1089 struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
1090 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1098 case VFIO_GET_API_VERSION:
1099 ret = VFIO_API_VERSION;
1101 case VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION:
1102 ret = vfio_ioctl_check_extension(container, arg);
1104 case VFIO_SET_IOMMU:
1105 ret = vfio_ioctl_set_iommu(container, arg);
1108 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1109 data = container->iommu_data;
1111 if (driver) /* passthrough all unrecognized ioctls */
1112 ret = driver->ops->ioctl(data, cmd, arg);
1118 static int vfio_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
1120 struct vfio_container *container;
1122 container = kzalloc(sizeof(*container), GFP_KERNEL);
1126 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&container->group_list);
1127 init_rwsem(&container->group_lock);
1128 kref_init(&container->kref);
1130 filep->private_data = container;
1135 static int vfio_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
1137 struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
1138 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver = container->iommu_driver;
1140 if (driver && driver->ops->notify)
1141 driver->ops->notify(container->iommu_data,
1142 VFIO_IOMMU_CONTAINER_CLOSE);
1144 filep->private_data = NULL;
1146 vfio_container_put(container);
1152 * Once an iommu driver is set, we optionally pass read/write/mmap
1153 * on to the driver, allowing management interfaces beyond ioctl.
1155 static ssize_t vfio_fops_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
1156 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1158 struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
1159 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1160 ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
1162 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1163 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->read))
1164 ret = driver->ops->read(container->iommu_data,
1170 static ssize_t vfio_fops_write(struct file *filep, const char __user *buf,
1171 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1173 struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
1174 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1175 ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
1177 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1178 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->write))
1179 ret = driver->ops->write(container->iommu_data,
1185 static int vfio_fops_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1187 struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
1188 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1191 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1192 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->mmap))
1193 ret = driver->ops->mmap(container->iommu_data, vma);
1198 static const struct file_operations vfio_fops = {
1199 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
1200 .open = vfio_fops_open,
1201 .release = vfio_fops_release,
1202 .read = vfio_fops_read,
1203 .write = vfio_fops_write,
1204 .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_fops_unl_ioctl,
1205 .compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
1206 .mmap = vfio_fops_mmap,
1210 * VFIO Group fd, /dev/vfio/$GROUP
1212 static void __vfio_group_unset_container(struct vfio_group *group)
1214 struct vfio_container *container = group->container;
1215 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1217 down_write(&container->group_lock);
1219 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1221 driver->ops->detach_group(container->iommu_data,
1222 group->iommu_group);
1224 group->container = NULL;
1225 wake_up(&group->container_q);
1226 list_del(&group->container_next);
1228 /* Detaching the last group deprivileges a container, remove iommu */
1229 if (driver && list_empty(&container->group_list)) {
1230 driver->ops->release(container->iommu_data);
1231 module_put(driver->ops->owner);
1232 container->iommu_driver = NULL;
1233 container->iommu_data = NULL;
1236 up_write(&container->group_lock);
1238 vfio_container_put(container);
1242 * VFIO_GROUP_UNSET_CONTAINER should fail if there are other users or
1243 * if there was no container to unset. Since the ioctl is called on
1244 * the group, we know that still exists, therefore the only valid
1245 * transition here is 1->0.
1247 static int vfio_group_unset_container(struct vfio_group *group)
1249 int users = atomic_cmpxchg(&group->container_users, 1, 0);
1256 __vfio_group_unset_container(group);
1262 * When removing container users, anything that removes the last user
1263 * implicitly removes the group from the container. That is, if the
1264 * group file descriptor is closed, as well as any device file descriptors,
1265 * the group is free.
1267 static void vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(struct vfio_group *group)
1269 if (0 == atomic_dec_if_positive(&group->container_users))
1270 __vfio_group_unset_container(group);
1273 static int vfio_group_set_container(struct vfio_group *group, int container_fd)
1276 struct vfio_container *container;
1277 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1280 if (atomic_read(&group->container_users))
1283 if (group->noiommu && !capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
1286 f = fdget(container_fd);
1290 /* Sanity check, is this really our fd? */
1291 if (f.file->f_op != &vfio_fops) {
1296 container = f.file->private_data;
1297 WARN_ON(!container); /* fget ensures we don't race vfio_release */
1299 down_write(&container->group_lock);
1301 /* Real groups and fake groups cannot mix */
1302 if (!list_empty(&container->group_list) &&
1303 container->noiommu != group->noiommu) {
1308 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1310 ret = driver->ops->attach_group(container->iommu_data,
1311 group->iommu_group);
1316 group->container = container;
1317 container->noiommu = group->noiommu;
1318 list_add(&group->container_next, &container->group_list);
1320 /* Get a reference on the container and mark a user within the group */
1321 vfio_container_get(container);
1322 atomic_inc(&group->container_users);
1325 up_write(&container->group_lock);
1330 static bool vfio_group_viable(struct vfio_group *group)
1332 return (iommu_group_for_each_dev(group->iommu_group,
1333 group, vfio_dev_viable) == 0);
1336 static int vfio_group_add_container_user(struct vfio_group *group)
1338 if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&group->container_users))
1341 if (group->noiommu) {
1342 atomic_dec(&group->container_users);
1345 if (!group->container->iommu_driver || !vfio_group_viable(group)) {
1346 atomic_dec(&group->container_users);
1353 static const struct file_operations vfio_device_fops;
1355 static int vfio_group_get_device_fd(struct vfio_group *group, char *buf)
1357 struct vfio_device *device;
1361 if (0 == atomic_read(&group->container_users) ||
1362 !group->container->iommu_driver || !vfio_group_viable(group))
1365 if (group->noiommu && !capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
1368 device = vfio_device_get_from_name(group, buf);
1370 return PTR_ERR(device);
1372 if (!try_module_get(device->dev->driver->owner)) {
1373 vfio_device_put(device);
1377 ret = device->ops->open(device);
1379 module_put(device->dev->driver->owner);
1380 vfio_device_put(device);
1385 * We can't use anon_inode_getfd() because we need to modify
1386 * the f_mode flags directly to allow more than just ioctls
1388 ret = get_unused_fd_flags(O_CLOEXEC);
1390 device->ops->release(device);
1391 module_put(device->dev->driver->owner);
1392 vfio_device_put(device);
1396 filep = anon_inode_getfile("[vfio-device]", &vfio_device_fops,
1398 if (IS_ERR(filep)) {
1400 ret = PTR_ERR(filep);
1401 device->ops->release(device);
1402 module_put(device->dev->driver->owner);
1403 vfio_device_put(device);
1408 * TODO: add an anon_inode interface to do this.
1409 * Appears to be missing by lack of need rather than
1410 * explicitly prevented. Now there's need.
1412 filep->f_mode |= (FMODE_LSEEK | FMODE_PREAD | FMODE_PWRITE);
1414 atomic_inc(&group->container_users);
1416 fd_install(ret, filep);
1419 dev_warn(device->dev, "vfio-noiommu device opened by user "
1420 "(%s:%d)\n", current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
1425 static long vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
1426 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
1428 struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
1432 case VFIO_GROUP_GET_STATUS:
1434 struct vfio_group_status status;
1435 unsigned long minsz;
1437 minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_group_status, flags);
1439 if (copy_from_user(&status, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
1442 if (status.argsz < minsz)
1447 if (vfio_group_viable(group))
1448 status.flags |= VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_VIABLE;
1450 if (group->container)
1451 status.flags |= VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_CONTAINER_SET;
1453 if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &status, minsz))
1459 case VFIO_GROUP_SET_CONTAINER:
1463 if (get_user(fd, (int __user *)arg))
1469 ret = vfio_group_set_container(group, fd);
1472 case VFIO_GROUP_UNSET_CONTAINER:
1473 ret = vfio_group_unset_container(group);
1475 case VFIO_GROUP_GET_DEVICE_FD:
1479 buf = strndup_user((const char __user *)arg, PAGE_SIZE);
1481 return PTR_ERR(buf);
1483 ret = vfio_group_get_device_fd(group, buf);
1492 static int vfio_group_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
1494 struct vfio_group *group;
1497 group = vfio_group_get_from_minor(iminor(inode));
1501 if (group->noiommu && !capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) {
1502 vfio_group_put(group);
1506 /* Do we need multiple instances of the group open? Seems not. */
1507 opened = atomic_cmpxchg(&group->opened, 0, 1);
1509 vfio_group_put(group);
1513 /* Is something still in use from a previous open? */
1514 if (group->container) {
1515 atomic_dec(&group->opened);
1516 vfio_group_put(group);
1520 /* Warn if previous user didn't cleanup and re-init to drop them */
1521 if (WARN_ON(group->notifier.head))
1522 BLOCKING_INIT_NOTIFIER_HEAD(&group->notifier);
1524 filep->private_data = group;
1529 static int vfio_group_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
1531 struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
1533 filep->private_data = NULL;
1535 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
1537 atomic_dec(&group->opened);
1539 vfio_group_put(group);
1544 static const struct file_operations vfio_group_fops = {
1545 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
1546 .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl,
1547 .compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
1548 .open = vfio_group_fops_open,
1549 .release = vfio_group_fops_release,
1555 static int vfio_device_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
1557 struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
1559 device->ops->release(device);
1561 module_put(device->dev->driver->owner);
1563 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(device->group);
1565 vfio_device_put(device);
1570 static long vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
1571 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
1573 struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
1575 if (unlikely(!device->ops->ioctl))
1578 return device->ops->ioctl(device, cmd, arg);
1581 static ssize_t vfio_device_fops_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
1582 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1584 struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
1586 if (unlikely(!device->ops->read))
1589 return device->ops->read(device, buf, count, ppos);
1592 static ssize_t vfio_device_fops_write(struct file *filep,
1593 const char __user *buf,
1594 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1596 struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
1598 if (unlikely(!device->ops->write))
1601 return device->ops->write(device, buf, count, ppos);
1604 static int vfio_device_fops_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1606 struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
1608 if (unlikely(!device->ops->mmap))
1611 return device->ops->mmap(device, vma);
1614 static const struct file_operations vfio_device_fops = {
1615 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
1616 .release = vfio_device_fops_release,
1617 .read = vfio_device_fops_read,
1618 .write = vfio_device_fops_write,
1619 .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl,
1620 .compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
1621 .mmap = vfio_device_fops_mmap,
1625 * External user API, exported by symbols to be linked dynamically.
1627 * The protocol includes:
1628 * 1. do normal VFIO init operation:
1629 * - opening a new container;
1630 * - attaching group(s) to it;
1631 * - setting an IOMMU driver for a container.
1632 * When IOMMU is set for a container, all groups in it are
1633 * considered ready to use by an external user.
1635 * 2. User space passes a group fd to an external user.
1636 * The external user calls vfio_group_get_external_user()
1638 * - the group is initialized;
1639 * - IOMMU is set for it.
1640 * If both checks passed, vfio_group_get_external_user()
1641 * increments the container user counter to prevent
1642 * the VFIO group from disposal before KVM exits.
1644 * 3. The external user calls vfio_external_user_iommu_id()
1645 * to know an IOMMU ID.
1647 * 4. When the external KVM finishes, it calls
1648 * vfio_group_put_external_user() to release the VFIO group.
1649 * This call decrements the container user counter.
1651 struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_external_user(struct file *filep)
1653 struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
1656 if (filep->f_op != &vfio_group_fops)
1657 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1659 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
1661 return ERR_PTR(ret);
1663 vfio_group_get(group);
1667 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_get_external_user);
1670 * External user API, exported by symbols to be linked dynamically.
1671 * The external user passes in a device pointer
1673 * - A VFIO group is assiciated with the device;
1674 * - IOMMU is set for the group.
1675 * If both checks passed, vfio_group_get_external_user_from_dev()
1676 * increments the container user counter to prevent the VFIO group
1677 * from disposal before external user exits and returns the pointer
1678 * to the VFIO group.
1680 * When the external user finishes using the VFIO group, it calls
1681 * vfio_group_put_external_user() to release the VFIO group and
1682 * decrement the container user counter.
1684 * @dev [in] : device
1685 * Return error PTR or pointer to VFIO group.
1688 struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_external_user_from_dev(struct device *dev)
1690 struct vfio_group *group;
1693 group = vfio_group_get_from_dev(dev);
1695 return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
1697 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
1699 vfio_group_put(group);
1700 return ERR_PTR(ret);
1705 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_get_external_user_from_dev);
1707 void vfio_group_put_external_user(struct vfio_group *group)
1709 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
1710 vfio_group_put(group);
1712 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_put_external_user);
1714 bool vfio_external_group_match_file(struct vfio_group *test_group,
1717 struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
1719 return (filep->f_op == &vfio_group_fops) && (group == test_group);
1721 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_group_match_file);
1723 int vfio_external_user_iommu_id(struct vfio_group *group)
1725 return iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group);
1727 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_user_iommu_id);
1729 long vfio_external_check_extension(struct vfio_group *group, unsigned long arg)
1731 return vfio_ioctl_check_extension(group->container, arg);
1733 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_check_extension);
1736 * Sub-module support
1739 * Helper for managing a buffer of info chain capabilities, allocate or
1740 * reallocate a buffer with additional @size, filling in @id and @version
1741 * of the capability. A pointer to the new capability is returned.
1743 * NB. The chain is based at the head of the buffer, so new entries are
1744 * added to the tail, vfio_info_cap_shift() should be called to fixup the
1745 * next offsets prior to copying to the user buffer.
1747 struct vfio_info_cap_header *vfio_info_cap_add(struct vfio_info_cap *caps,
1748 size_t size, u16 id, u16 version)
1751 struct vfio_info_cap_header *header, *tmp;
1753 buf = krealloc(caps->buf, caps->size + size, GFP_KERNEL);
1757 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1761 header = buf + caps->size;
1763 /* Eventually copied to user buffer, zero */
1764 memset(header, 0, size);
1767 header->version = version;
1769 /* Add to the end of the capability chain */
1770 for (tmp = buf; tmp->next; tmp = buf + tmp->next)
1773 tmp->next = caps->size;
1778 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_info_cap_add);
1780 void vfio_info_cap_shift(struct vfio_info_cap *caps, size_t offset)
1782 struct vfio_info_cap_header *tmp;
1783 void *buf = (void *)caps->buf;
1785 for (tmp = buf; tmp->next; tmp = buf + tmp->next - offset)
1786 tmp->next += offset;
1788 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_info_cap_shift);
1790 int vfio_info_add_capability(struct vfio_info_cap *caps,
1791 struct vfio_info_cap_header *cap, size_t size)
1793 struct vfio_info_cap_header *header;
1795 header = vfio_info_cap_add(caps, size, cap->id, cap->version);
1797 return PTR_ERR(header);
1799 memcpy(header + 1, cap + 1, size - sizeof(*header));
1803 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_info_add_capability);
1805 int vfio_set_irqs_validate_and_prepare(struct vfio_irq_set *hdr, int num_irqs,
1806 int max_irq_type, size_t *data_size)
1808 unsigned long minsz;
1811 minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_irq_set, count);
1813 if ((hdr->argsz < minsz) || (hdr->index >= max_irq_type) ||
1814 (hdr->count >= (U32_MAX - hdr->start)) ||
1815 (hdr->flags & ~(VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_TYPE_MASK |
1816 VFIO_IRQ_SET_ACTION_TYPE_MASK)))
1822 if (hdr->start >= num_irqs || hdr->start + hdr->count > num_irqs)
1825 switch (hdr->flags & VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_TYPE_MASK) {
1826 case VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_NONE:
1829 case VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_BOOL:
1830 size = sizeof(uint8_t);
1832 case VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_EVENTFD:
1833 size = sizeof(int32_t);
1840 if (hdr->argsz - minsz < hdr->count * size)
1846 *data_size = hdr->count * size;
1851 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_set_irqs_validate_and_prepare);
1854 * Pin a set of guest PFNs and return their associated host PFNs for local
1856 * @dev [in] : device
1857 * @user_pfn [in]: array of user/guest PFNs to be pinned.
1858 * @npage [in] : count of elements in user_pfn array. This count should not
1859 * be greater VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES.
1860 * @prot [in] : protection flags
1861 * @phys_pfn[out]: array of host PFNs
1862 * Return error or number of pages pinned.
1864 int vfio_pin_pages(struct device *dev, unsigned long *user_pfn, int npage,
1865 int prot, unsigned long *phys_pfn)
1867 struct vfio_container *container;
1868 struct vfio_group *group;
1869 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1872 if (!dev || !user_pfn || !phys_pfn || !npage)
1875 if (npage > VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES)
1878 group = vfio_group_get_from_dev(dev);
1882 if (group->dev_counter > 1) {
1887 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
1891 container = group->container;
1892 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1893 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->pin_pages))
1894 ret = driver->ops->pin_pages(container->iommu_data,
1895 group->iommu_group, user_pfn,
1896 npage, prot, phys_pfn);
1900 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
1903 vfio_group_put(group);
1906 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_pin_pages);
1909 * Unpin set of host PFNs for local domain only.
1910 * @dev [in] : device
1911 * @user_pfn [in]: array of user/guest PFNs to be unpinned. Number of user/guest
1912 * PFNs should not be greater than VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES.
1913 * @npage [in] : count of elements in user_pfn array. This count should not
1914 * be greater than VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES.
1915 * Return error or number of pages unpinned.
1917 int vfio_unpin_pages(struct device *dev, unsigned long *user_pfn, int npage)
1919 struct vfio_container *container;
1920 struct vfio_group *group;
1921 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1924 if (!dev || !user_pfn || !npage)
1927 if (npage > VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES)
1930 group = vfio_group_get_from_dev(dev);
1934 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
1936 goto err_unpin_pages;
1938 container = group->container;
1939 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1940 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->unpin_pages))
1941 ret = driver->ops->unpin_pages(container->iommu_data, user_pfn,
1946 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
1949 vfio_group_put(group);
1952 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_unpin_pages);
1955 * Pin a set of guest IOVA PFNs and return their associated host PFNs for a
1958 * The caller needs to call vfio_group_get_external_user() or
1959 * vfio_group_get_external_user_from_dev() prior to calling this interface,
1960 * so as to prevent the VFIO group from disposal in the middle of the call.
1961 * But it can keep the reference to the VFIO group for several calls into
1963 * After finishing using of the VFIO group, the caller needs to release the
1964 * VFIO group by calling vfio_group_put_external_user().
1966 * @group [in] : VFIO group
1967 * @user_iova_pfn [in] : array of user/guest IOVA PFNs to be pinned.
1968 * @npage [in] : count of elements in user_iova_pfn array.
1969 * This count should not be greater
1970 * VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES.
1971 * @prot [in] : protection flags
1972 * @phys_pfn [out] : array of host PFNs
1973 * Return error or number of pages pinned.
1975 int vfio_group_pin_pages(struct vfio_group *group,
1976 unsigned long *user_iova_pfn, int npage,
1977 int prot, unsigned long *phys_pfn)
1979 struct vfio_container *container;
1980 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
1983 if (!group || !user_iova_pfn || !phys_pfn || !npage)
1986 if (group->dev_counter > 1)
1989 if (npage > VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES)
1992 container = group->container;
1993 driver = container->iommu_driver;
1994 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->pin_pages))
1995 ret = driver->ops->pin_pages(container->iommu_data,
1996 group->iommu_group, user_iova_pfn,
1997 npage, prot, phys_pfn);
2003 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_group_pin_pages);
2006 * Unpin a set of guest IOVA PFNs for a VFIO group.
2008 * The caller needs to call vfio_group_get_external_user() or
2009 * vfio_group_get_external_user_from_dev() prior to calling this interface,
2010 * so as to prevent the VFIO group from disposal in the middle of the call.
2011 * But it can keep the reference to the VFIO group for several calls into
2013 * After finishing using of the VFIO group, the caller needs to release the
2014 * VFIO group by calling vfio_group_put_external_user().
2016 * @group [in] : vfio group
2017 * @user_iova_pfn [in] : array of user/guest IOVA PFNs to be unpinned.
2018 * @npage [in] : count of elements in user_iova_pfn array.
2019 * This count should not be greater than
2020 * VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES.
2021 * Return error or number of pages unpinned.
2023 int vfio_group_unpin_pages(struct vfio_group *group,
2024 unsigned long *user_iova_pfn, int npage)
2026 struct vfio_container *container;
2027 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
2030 if (!group || !user_iova_pfn || !npage)
2033 if (npage > VFIO_PIN_PAGES_MAX_ENTRIES)
2036 container = group->container;
2037 driver = container->iommu_driver;
2038 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->unpin_pages))
2039 ret = driver->ops->unpin_pages(container->iommu_data,
2040 user_iova_pfn, npage);
2046 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_group_unpin_pages);
2050 * This interface allows the CPUs to perform some sort of virtual DMA on
2051 * behalf of the device.
2053 * CPUs read/write from/into a range of IOVAs pointing to user space memory
2054 * into/from a kernel buffer.
2056 * As the read/write of user space memory is conducted via the CPUs and is
2057 * not a real device DMA, it is not necessary to pin the user space memory.
2059 * The caller needs to call vfio_group_get_external_user() or
2060 * vfio_group_get_external_user_from_dev() prior to calling this interface,
2061 * so as to prevent the VFIO group from disposal in the middle of the call.
2062 * But it can keep the reference to the VFIO group for several calls into
2064 * After finishing using of the VFIO group, the caller needs to release the
2065 * VFIO group by calling vfio_group_put_external_user().
2067 * @group [in] : VFIO group
2068 * @user_iova [in] : base IOVA of a user space buffer
2069 * @data [in] : pointer to kernel buffer
2070 * @len [in] : kernel buffer length
2071 * @write : indicate read or write
2072 * Return error code on failure or 0 on success.
2074 int vfio_dma_rw(struct vfio_group *group, dma_addr_t user_iova,
2075 void *data, size_t len, bool write)
2077 struct vfio_container *container;
2078 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
2081 if (!group || !data || len <= 0)
2084 container = group->container;
2085 driver = container->iommu_driver;
2087 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->dma_rw))
2088 ret = driver->ops->dma_rw(container->iommu_data,
2089 user_iova, data, len, write);
2095 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_dma_rw);
2097 static int vfio_register_iommu_notifier(struct vfio_group *group,
2098 unsigned long *events,
2099 struct notifier_block *nb)
2101 struct vfio_container *container;
2102 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
2105 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
2109 container = group->container;
2110 driver = container->iommu_driver;
2111 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->register_notifier))
2112 ret = driver->ops->register_notifier(container->iommu_data,
2117 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
2122 static int vfio_unregister_iommu_notifier(struct vfio_group *group,
2123 struct notifier_block *nb)
2125 struct vfio_container *container;
2126 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
2129 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
2133 container = group->container;
2134 driver = container->iommu_driver;
2135 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->unregister_notifier))
2136 ret = driver->ops->unregister_notifier(container->iommu_data,
2141 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
2146 void vfio_group_set_kvm(struct vfio_group *group, struct kvm *kvm)
2149 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&group->notifier,
2150 VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM, kvm);
2152 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_set_kvm);
2154 static int vfio_register_group_notifier(struct vfio_group *group,
2155 unsigned long *events,
2156 struct notifier_block *nb)
2159 bool set_kvm = false;
2161 if (*events & VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM)
2164 /* clear known events */
2165 *events &= ~VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM;
2167 /* refuse to continue if still events remaining */
2171 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
2175 ret = blocking_notifier_chain_register(&group->notifier, nb);
2178 * The attaching of kvm and vfio_group might already happen, so
2179 * here we replay once upon registration.
2181 if (!ret && set_kvm && group->kvm)
2182 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&group->notifier,
2183 VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM, group->kvm);
2185 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
2190 static int vfio_unregister_group_notifier(struct vfio_group *group,
2191 struct notifier_block *nb)
2195 ret = vfio_group_add_container_user(group);
2199 ret = blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(&group->notifier, nb);
2201 vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
2206 int vfio_register_notifier(struct device *dev, enum vfio_notify_type type,
2207 unsigned long *events, struct notifier_block *nb)
2209 struct vfio_group *group;
2212 if (!dev || !nb || !events || (*events == 0))
2215 group = vfio_group_get_from_dev(dev);
2220 case VFIO_IOMMU_NOTIFY:
2221 ret = vfio_register_iommu_notifier(group, events, nb);
2223 case VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY:
2224 ret = vfio_register_group_notifier(group, events, nb);
2230 vfio_group_put(group);
2233 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_register_notifier);
2235 int vfio_unregister_notifier(struct device *dev, enum vfio_notify_type type,
2236 struct notifier_block *nb)
2238 struct vfio_group *group;
2244 group = vfio_group_get_from_dev(dev);
2249 case VFIO_IOMMU_NOTIFY:
2250 ret = vfio_unregister_iommu_notifier(group, nb);
2252 case VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY:
2253 ret = vfio_unregister_group_notifier(group, nb);
2259 vfio_group_put(group);
2262 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfio_unregister_notifier);
2264 struct iommu_domain *vfio_group_iommu_domain(struct vfio_group *group)
2266 struct vfio_container *container;
2267 struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
2270 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
2272 container = group->container;
2273 driver = container->iommu_driver;
2274 if (likely(driver && driver->ops->group_iommu_domain))
2275 return driver->ops->group_iommu_domain(container->iommu_data,
2276 group->iommu_group);
2278 return ERR_PTR(-ENOTTY);
2280 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_iommu_domain);
2283 * Module/class support
2285 static char *vfio_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
2287 return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "vfio/%s", dev_name(dev));
2290 static struct miscdevice vfio_dev = {
2291 .minor = VFIO_MINOR,
2294 .nodename = "vfio/vfio",
2295 .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,
2298 static int __init vfio_init(void)
2302 idr_init(&vfio.group_idr);
2303 mutex_init(&vfio.group_lock);
2304 mutex_init(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
2305 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vfio.group_list);
2306 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vfio.iommu_drivers_list);
2308 ret = misc_register(&vfio_dev);
2310 pr_err("vfio: misc device register failed\n");
2314 /* /dev/vfio/$GROUP */
2315 vfio.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "vfio");
2316 if (IS_ERR(vfio.class)) {
2317 ret = PTR_ERR(vfio.class);
2321 vfio.class->devnode = vfio_devnode;
2323 ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&vfio.group_devt, 0, MINORMASK + 1, "vfio");
2325 goto err_alloc_chrdev;
2327 cdev_init(&vfio.group_cdev, &vfio_group_fops);
2328 ret = cdev_add(&vfio.group_cdev, vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
2332 pr_info(DRIVER_DESC " version: " DRIVER_VERSION "\n");
2334 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
2335 vfio_register_iommu_driver(&vfio_noiommu_ops);
2340 unregister_chrdev_region(vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
2342 class_destroy(vfio.class);
2345 misc_deregister(&vfio_dev);
2349 static void __exit vfio_cleanup(void)
2351 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&vfio.group_list));
2353 #ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_NOIOMMU
2354 vfio_unregister_iommu_driver(&vfio_noiommu_ops);
2356 idr_destroy(&vfio.group_idr);
2357 cdev_del(&vfio.group_cdev);
2358 unregister_chrdev_region(vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
2359 class_destroy(vfio.class);
2361 misc_deregister(&vfio_dev);
2364 module_init(vfio_init);
2365 module_exit(vfio_cleanup);
2367 MODULE_VERSION(DRIVER_VERSION);
2368 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
2369 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
2370 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
2371 MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(VFIO_MINOR);
2372 MODULE_ALIAS("devname:vfio/vfio");
2373 MODULE_SOFTDEP("post: vfio_iommu_type1 vfio_iommu_spapr_tce");